,GAETANO ,BRESCI3 ,TYRANNICIDE & ,DEF5D] ( ! ,PEOPLE 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CRIME?,9C4 

,TEXT 3 

,ON ?IS DAY1 ,JULY #b#i1 9 ! YE> #a#i1 ! AN>*I/ ,GAETANO ,BRESCI ASSASS9AT$ ,K+ ,UMB]TO ( ,ITALY4 ,BUT !RE IS A LOT MORE TO HIS /ORY ?AN ?IS S+LE DE$4 ,H]E1 WE REMEMB] AN ,ITALIAN WORK] & IMMIGRANT :O RISK$ HIS LIFE TO SAVE ,]RICO ,MALATE/A FROM AN ASSASS9ATION ATTEMPT1 !N GAVE HIS LIFE TO IMPOSE CONSEQU5CES ON ! K+ = ! DEA?S ( HUNDR$S ( POOR WORK+ PEOPLE4 ,WE'VE ALSO 9CLUD$ TRANSLATIONS ( ,MALATE/A'S & ,TOL/OY'S REFLECTIONS ON ,BRESCI'S ATTACK1 & AN ,ITALIAN FOLK SONG 9SPIR$ BY ,BRESCI'S DE$4  
  

0,I'M SURE ,I WAS NOT WRONG TO DO :AT ,I DID4 ,I DO NOT EV5 9T5D TO APPEAL4 ,I APPEAL ONLY TO ! NEXT PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION40 

-,GAETANO ,BRESCI1 9T]ROGATION  
  

,AT ! 5D ( ! #a#i? C5TURY1 RIS+ FOOD PRICES PROVOK$ FI]CE /RUGGLES ?R\<\T ,ITALY4 ,ON ,MAY #f1 #a#h#i#h1 ?\S&S ( WORK]S & !IR FAMILIES TRAVEL$ TO ,MILAN1 LOOT+ BAK]IES & M>*+ ON ! ROYAL PALACE4 ,TROOPS FIR$ CANNONS & RIFLES AT ! CR[D1 KILL+ #c PEOPLE & W\ND+ UP TO A ?\S& MORE4 ,9 ! SUBSEQU5T CRACKD[N1 ! GOV]NM5T CLOS$ ! UNIV]SITIES ( ,ROME1 ,NAPLES1 ,PADUA & ,BOLOGNA1 \TLAW$ #aa NEWSPAP]S1 & >RE/$ ?\S&S4 ,?IS K9D ( VIOL5CE & OPPRESSION DROVE MANY ,ITALIANS TO FLEE ! C\NTRY--& TO ADOPT RADICAL POLITICS4 

,A YE> LAT]1 ON ! NI<T ( ,MAY #i1 #a#h#i#i1 ,]RICO ,MALATE/A1 PROTEGE ( ,MIKHAIL ,BAKUN9 & LONGTIME AN>*I/ ORGANIZ]1 ESCAP$ FROM ! ISL& ( ,LAMP$USA TO :I* HE HAD BE5 S5T5C$ TO P5AL CONF9EM5T4 7,LAMP$USA REC5TLY RE5T]$ ! HEADL9ES AS A DE/9ATION = MIGRANTS ATTEMPT+ TO REA* ,EUROPE )\T DOCUM5TS47 ,HE SWAM \T TO A FI%+ BOAT & SAIL$ ACROSS ! ,M$IT]RANEAN ,SEA TO ,MALTA4 ,FROM !RE1 HE CROSS$ ! ,ATLANTIC TO ,PAT]SON1 ,NEW ,J]SEY1 :]E HE WAS TO $IT ! ,ITALIAN EMIGRE AN>*I/ J\RNAL ,LA ,QUE/IONE ,SOCIALE4 

,:ILE ,MALATE/A WAS ADDRESS+ A MEET+ 9 ,WE/ ,HOBOK51 ,NEW ,J]SEY1 A W\LD-BE ASSASS9 ROSE FROM ! CR[D & RAIS$ A PI/OL TO FIRE AT HIM4 ,AN UN>M$ MAN 9 ! AUDI5CE ?REW HIMSELF UPON ! ASSAILANT SO ?AT ! %OT ONLY GRAZ$ ,MALATE/A'S LEG4 ,AT GREAT RISK TO HIMSELF1 ! UN>M$ MAN WRE/L$ ! GUNMAN TO ! GR\ND & DIS>M$ HIM4 ,MALATE/A DECL9$ TO PRESS *>GES AGA9/ HIS W\LD-BE ASSASS91 JU/ AS HIS CONTEMPOR>IES1 ! AN>*I/S ,L\ISE ,MI*EL & ,VOLTAIR9E DE ,CLEYRE1 REFUS$ TO USE ! /ATE TO PROSECUTE ! M5 :O ATTEMPT$ TO MURD] !M4 

,:O WAS ! MAN :O RISK$ HIS LIFE TO SAVE ,MALATE/A8 ,HIS NAME WAS ,GAETANO ,BRESCI4 

,BORN NE> ,FLOR5CE 9 #a#h#f#i1 ,BRESCI TOOK AN APPR5TICE%IP TO BECOME A WEAV] AT ! AGE ( #a#a4 ,HE ADOPT$ AN>*I/ POLITICS :ILE /ILL A TE5AG]4 ,9 #a#h#i#b1 HE WAS S5T5C$ TO #ae DAYS 9 PRISON = 9SULT+ GU>DS :O W]E F9+ A BAK] = KEEP+ HIS %OP OP5 LATE4 ,9 #a#h#i#e1 HE TOO WAS EXIL$ TO ! ISL& ( ,LAMP$USA ON ACC\NT ( LABOR ORGANIZ+ ACTIVITY4 ,AFT] HIS RELEASE1 HE FA!R$ A *ILD ) A P>TN] NAM$ ,M>IA4 ,F9D+ IT DIFFICULT TO SECURE EMPLOYM5T1 ,BRESCI GAVE H] MONEY TO C>E = !IR *ILD & SET \T = ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES 9 SE>* ( BETT] PROSPECTS1 >RIV+ 9 ,NEW ,YORK ON ,JANU>Y #b#i1 #a#h#i#h4 ,9 ,HOBOK51 HE M>RI$ AN ,IRI% IMMIGRANT--,SOPHIE ,KNIEL&1 ) :OM HE HAD TWO DAU<T]S1 ,MADDAL5A & ,GAETAN9A--& MOV$ TO ,PAT]SON1 ,NEW ,J]SEY TO WORK 9 A MILL4 

,AS ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN REC\NTS 9 H] AUTOBIOGRAPHY1 ,LIV+ ,MY ,LIFE1  
  

,GAETANO ,BRESCI WAS ONE ( ! F\ND]S ( ,LA ,QUE/IONE ,SOCIALE1 ! ,ITALIAN AN>*I/ PAP] PUBLI%$ 9 ,PAT]SON4 ,HE WAS A SKILLFUL WEAV]1 CONSID]$ BY HIS EMPLOY]S A SOB]1 H>D-WORK+ MAN1 BUT HIS PAY AV]AG$ ONLY FIFTE5 DOLL>S A WEEK4 ,HE HAD A WIFE & *ILD TO SUPPORT2 YET HE MANAG$ TO DONATE WEEKLY CONTRIBUTIONS TO ! PAP]4 ,HE HAD EV5 SAV$ A HUNDR$ & FIFTY DOLL>S1 :I* HE L5T TO ! GR\P AT A CRITICAL P]IOD ( ,LA ,QUE/IONE ,SOCIALE4 ,HIS FREE EV5+S & ,SUNDAYS HE US$ TO SP5D 9 HELP+ ) ! (FICE WORK & 9 PROPAG&A4 ,HE WAS BELOV$ & RESPECT$ = HIS DEVOTION BY ALL ! MEMB]S ( HIS GR\P4  
  

,9 ! WORDS ( ,BRESCI'S COMRADES ( ,LA ,QUE/IONE ,SOCIALE1 REPORT$ 9 ! ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1  
  

0,HE WAS A QUIET MAN4 ,HE NEV] DRANK OR SMOK$ & DID NOT GO AB\T4 ,HE WAS ALWAYS QUIET & NEV] MADE ANY TR\BLE4 ,YES1 & HE LIK$ MUSIC4 ,HE US$ TO TEA* IT40  
  

,HIS =EMAN AT ! MILL E*O$ ?IS DESCRIPTION1 CALL+ HIM 0A GOOD WORKMAN & A MAN :O HAD NEV] MADE ANY TR\BLE40 

,YET ,BRESCI DID NOT RE/ EASY 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4 ,! VIOL5CE 9 HIS HOMEL& GNAW$ AT HIM4 ,! ,ITALIAN MON>*1 ,K+ ,UMB]TO1 HAD DECORAT$ ! G5]AL :O GAVE ! ORD] TO FIRE ON DEMON/RATORS 9 ,MILAN1 PROCLAIM+ ?AT HE HAD 0R5D]$ A GREAT S]VICE TO ! K+ & TO ! C\NTRY40 ,BRESCI RESOLV$ TO RETURN TO ,ITALY4 

,EMMA ,GOLDMAN CONT9UES ! /ORY3  
  

,ONE DAY ,BRESCI HAD UNEXPECT$LY ASK$ ?AT HIS LOAN TO ! PAP] BE RETURN$4 ,HE WAS 9=M$ ?AT IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE2 ! PAP] HAD NO FUNDS & HAD1 9 FACT1 A DEFICIT4 ,BUT ,BRESCI 9SI/$ & EV5 REFUS$ TO (F] ANY EXPLANATION = HIS DEM&4 ,F9ALLY ! GR\P SUCCE$$ 9 SECUR+ 5\< MONEY TO PAY BACK ! DEBT TO ,BRESCI4 ,BUT ! ,ITALIAN COMRADES BITT]LY RES5T$ ,BRESCI'S BEHAVIOR1 BR&+ HIM AS A MIS] :O LOV$ MONEY ABOVE HIS IDEAL4 ,MO/ ( HIS FRI5DS EV5 O/RACIZ$ HIM4  
  

,ON ,MAY #a#g1 #a#i1 ,BRESCI EMB>K$ ON ! ,FR5* /EAM] ,GUASCOGNE TO RETURN TO ,ITALY4 ,HE WAS C>RY+ @s#b1 A CAM]A1 & A FIVE-%OT PI/OL HE HAD PUR*AS$ 9 ,PAT]SON4 ,9 ! CITY ( ,PRATO1 HE PRACTIC$ HIS M>KSMAN%IP BY SETT+ W9E FLASKS ON ! GR\ND & ATTEMPT+ TO HIT !M SO PRECISELY ?AT HIS BULLET W\LD 5T] ?R\< ! NECK ( ! BOTTLE & ONLY /RIKE ! GLASS BOTTOM4 ,HE VISIT$ HIS SI/]'S VILLAGE1 !N MADE HIS WAY TO ! C\NTRYSIDE NOR? ( ,MILAN :]E ,K+ ,UMB]TO WAS TAK+ HIS HOLIDAYS AT ! ,VILLA ,REALE DI ,MONZA4 

,SUNDAY1 ,JULY #b#i1 #ai WAS AN ESPECIALLY HOT DAY2 A !RMOMET] 9 ,MILAN REA*$ #c#h4#b DEGREES CELSIUS4 ,A DOZ5 MILES TO ! NOR!A/1 ,BRESCI HELP$ HIMSELF TO FIVE S]V+S ( ICE CREAM 9 ! ,CAFFE DEL ,VAPORE4 ,?AT EV5+1 ,K+ ,UMB]TO ATT5D$ AN A?LETIC CONTE/ FOLL[$ BY AN AW>DS C]EMONY AT ! SPORTS CLUB 0,=TI E ,LIB]I40 ,%ORTLY AFT] #a PM1 AS ! SOV]EIGN WAS RETURN+ TO HIS PALACE 9 A TWO-HORSE S$AN1 ,BRESCI /EPP$ \T ( ! CR[D & DREW HIS PI/OL4 ,?REE %OTS HIT ,K+ ,UMB]TO 9 ! %\LD]1 LUNG1 & HE>T4 ,HIS DE$ ACCOMPLI%$1 ,BRESCI P]MITT$ ! ,C>AB9I]I TO TAKE HIM 9TO CU/ODY4 0,I HAVE NOT %OT ,UMB]TO10 HE MA9TA9$4 0,I HAVE KILL$ A K+1 ,I HAVE KILL$ A PR9CIPLE40 

,EMMA ,GOLDMAN RECALLS3  
  

,A FEW WEEKS LAT] CAME ! NEWS ?AT ,GAETANO ,BRESCI HAD KILL$ ,K+ ,UMB]TO4 ,HIS ACT BR\<T HOME TO ! ,PAT]SON GR\P ! REALIZATION ( H[ CRUELLY !Y HAD WRONG$ ! MAN4 ,HE HAD 9SI/$ ON ! RETURN ( HIS MONEY 9 ORD] TO SECURE ! F>E TO ,ITALY6 ,NO D\BT ! CONSCI\SNESS ( ! 9JU/ICE DONE ,BRESCI RE/$ HEAVI] ON ! ,ITALIAN COMRADES ?AN HIS RES5TM5T AGA9/ !M4 ,TO MAKE AM5DS1 9 A S5SE1 ! ,PAT]SON GR\P *>G$ ITSELF ) ! SUPPORT ( !IR M>TYR$ COMRADE'S *ILD1 A BEAUTIFUL LITTLE GIRL4  
  

,ONE ( ,MALATE/A'S OLD COMRADES1 ! AN>*I/ LAWY] ,FRANCESCO ,SAV]IO ,M]L9O1 DEF5D$ ,BRESCI 9 C\RT4 ,9 ! 5D1 ,BRESCI WAS S5T5C$ TO LIFELONG P5AL S]VITUDE ON ,SANTO ,/EFANO1 ANO!R ISL& PRISON (F ! ,ITALIAN COA/4  
  

0,! GOV]NM5T RESORT$ TO VIOL5CE & Y\ %\LD NOT BE SURPRIS$ IF ! EXAMPLE ( VIOL5CE1 COM+ FROM ABOVE1 HAS CAUS$ A REACTION FROM ! BOTTOM ( SOCIETY--IF !RE W]E ?OSE :O BELIEV$ !RE WAS ANO!R NE$1 ?AT IS TO SAY1 TO OPPOSE ! VIOL5CE ( ! GOV]NM5T BY MEANS ( PRIVATE VIOL5CE40 

-,BRESCI'S LAWY]1 ,FRANCESCO ,SAV]IO ,M]L9O  
  

,ONLY A FEW MON?S LAT]1 9 ,MAY #a#i#a1 ! ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES REPORT$ ?AT HE HAD BE5 F\ND HANG$ 9 HIS CELL--ALMO/ C]TA9LY MURD]$ BY ! PRISON GU>DS4 ,ACCORD+ TO SOME ACC\NTS1 !Y ?REW HIS BODY 9TO ! SEA2 O!RS MA9TA9 HE WAS BURI$ 9 ! CEMET]Y ( ,SAN ,]COLANO DI ,S4 ,/EFANO4 

,! WORD 0V5GEANCE0 REMA9$ ET*$ 9TO ! WALL ( HIS CELL4 ,BRESCI HAD SCRAT*$ IT !RE ) HIS F+]NAIL4 

,WE REMEMB] ,BRESCI NOT ONLY AS AN AN>*I/ :O KILL$ A TYRANT1 BUT ALSO AS ! ONE :O SAV$ ,MALATE/A'S LIFE--AS A P]SON :O REPEAT$LY RISK$ HIS [N LIFE = ! SAKE ( O!RS & F9ALLY MADE ! ULTIMATE SACRIFICE 9 ORD] TO 5SURE ?AT !RE W\LD BE CONSEQU5CES = ! SLAU<T] & OPPRESSION ( ! POOR4 ,! C\RAGE & COMPASSION HE DISPLAY$ 9 TACKL+ ! GUNMAN 9 ,WE/ ,HOBOK5 WAS ! SAME C\RAGE & COMPASSION ?AT DROVE HIM TO GIVE HIS LIFE = ! SAKE ( EQUALITY & FRE$OM--= ! CAUSE ( AN>*Y4  
  

0,I ATTACK$ ! K+ BECAUSE 9 MY OP9ION HE IS RESPONSIBLE = ALL ! PALE & BLE$+ VICTIMS ( ! SY/EM ?AT HE REPRES5TS & HAS TO DEF5D4 ,& AS ,I HAVE SAID ON O!R OCCASIONS1 ,I CONCEIV$ ?IS DESIGN AFT] ! BLOODY REPRESSION ?AT TOOK PLACE 9 ,SICILY AB\T #g OR #h YE>S AGO FOLL[+ ! /ATE ( SIEGE E/ABLI%$ BY ROYAL DECREE 9 CONTRADICTION ) ! LAW ( ! /ATE4 ,& AFT] ! ADDITIONAL REPRESSION ( #ahih OCCURR$1 EV5 MORE NUM]\S & MORE B>B>IC1 ONCE AGA9 FOLL[+ ! /ATE ( SIEGE E/ABLI%$ BY ROYAL DECREE1 MY PURPOSE ASSUM$ GREAT] VIGOR40 

-,GAETANO ,BRESCI1 9T]ROGATION  
  
  

0,JULY #b#i?1 #a#i-#a#i#e4 ,TO ,GAETANO ,BRESCI1 :O BY ! SPONTANE\S SACRIFICE ( HIS [N LIB]TY FRE$ ,ITALY FROM ?AT CR[N$ MON/] ,UMB]TO ,I4 ,TO ,GAETANO ,BRESCI1 :O ALONE AMONG ! G5]AL C[>DICE KNEW H[ TC RISE & /RIKE ! MURD]] ( ,ITALY'S />V+4 ,TO \R H]OIC COMPANION1 B>B>\SLY MURD]$ 9 ! PRISON ( ,/4 ,/EPH5 BY ! ORD] ( ! DE=M$ ,EMANUELE ,I,I,I1 WE S5D TODAY--! FIF? ANNIV]S>Y ( ! EV5T--\R S9C]E SALUTATIONS AS FI<T]S ) ! >D5T DESIRE1 ! FIRM DET]M9ATION1 TO FOLL[ HIM AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE ON ! WAY SO BRI<TLY M>K$ \T BY HIM--TO REBELLION4 ,HAIL660 

-,L',9SURREZIONE1 PUBLI%$ 9 ,BRITA9 BY ,ITALIAN AN>*I/S ON ! FIVE-YE> ANNIV]S>Y ( ,BRESCI'S DE$4 ,= ! CRIME ( PUBLI%+ ?IS P>AGRAPH1 BO? ! PUBLI%] & ! [N] ( A NEWS/& ?AT SOLD IT W]E S5T5C$ TO H>D LABOR 9 PRISON4.<#a.>  
  
,APP5DIX ,I3 ,]RICO ,MALATE/A ON ,BRESCI'S ,DE$ 

  

,A R\< TRANSLATION ( ! FULL TEXT ( 0,! ,TRAG$Y ( ,MONZA10 PUBLI%$ 9 #a#i4 

,FIR/ ( ALL1 LET'S PUT ?+S 9 P]SPECTIVE4 

,! K+ HAS BE5 KILL$2 & S9CE A K+ IS /ILL A MAN1 ! FACT IS TO BE DEPLOR$4 ,A QUE5 HAS BE5 WID[$2 & S9CE A QUE5 IS ALSO A WOMAN1 WE SYMPA?IZE ) H] PA94 

,BUT :Y SO MU* NOISE = ! DEA? ( A MAN & ! TE>S ( A WOMAN :5 IT IS ACCEPT$ AS A NATURAL ?+ ?AT EV]Y DAY SO MANY M5 >E KILL$1 & SO MANY WOM5 BR\<T TO TE>S1 BECAUSE ( W>S1 ACCID5TS AT WORK1 ! REPRESSION ( REVOLTS1 & A ?\S& CRIMES PRODUC$ BY POV]TY1 BY ! SPIRIT ( REV5GE1 BY FANATICISM & ALCOHOLISM8 ,:Y SU* A DISPLAY ( S5TIM5TALISM AB\T ?IS P>TICUL> MIS=TUNE1 :5 ?\S&S & MILLIONS ( HUMAN BE+S DIE ( HUNG] & MAL>IA AMID ! 9DIFF]5CE ( ?OSE :O HAVE ! MEANS TO SAVE !M8 

,P]HAPS BECAUSE ?IS TIME1 ! VICTIMS >E NOT VULG> WORK]S1 NOT AN HONE/ MAN & AN HONE/ WOMAN1 BUT A K+ & A QUE58 

,ACTUALLY1 WE F9D ! CASE MORE 9T]E/+1 & \R PA9 IS MORE FELT1 MORE ALIVE1 MORE REAL1 :5 IT COMES TO A M9] CRU%$ BY A L&SLIDE :ILE WORK+1 & A WID[ :O REMA9S TO DIE ( HUNG] ) H] *ILDR56 

,NONE!LESS1 EV5 ! SUFF]+ ( ! ROYALTY IS HUMAN SUFF]+ & MU/ BE DEPLOR$4 ,BUT ALL ?IS LAM5T+ REMA9S /]ILE IF ! CAUSES >E NOT 9VE/IGAT$ & NO ATTEMPT IS MADE TO ELIM9ATE !M4 

,:O IS IT ?AT CAUSES VIOL5CE8 ,:O MAKES IT NECESS>Y8 

,! :OLE EXI/+ SOCIAL SY/EM IS F\ND$ ON BRUTE =CE PLAC$ AT ! S]VICE ( A SMALL M9ORITY ?AT EXPLOITS & OPPRESSES ! GREAT MASS2 ALL ! $UCATION GIV5 TO *ILDR5 CAN BE SUMM>IZ$ AS A SANCTIFICATION ( BRUTE =CE2 ! :OLE 5VIRONM5T WE 9HABIT IS A CONT9U\S EXAMPLE ( VIOL5CE1 A CONT9U\S EXHORTATION TO VIOL5CE4 

,! SOLDI]1 ?AT IS1 ! PR(ESSIONAL MURD]]1 IS HONOR$1 & ABOVE ALL ! K+ IS HONOR$1 :OSE HI/ORIC ROLE IS TO BE *IEF ( SOLDI]S4 ,) BRUTE =CE1 ! WORK] IS ROBB$ ( ! PRODUCT ( HIS LABOR2 ) BRUTE =CE1 WEAK NATIONS >E ROBB$ ( !IR 9DEP5D5CE4 ,! EMP]OR ( ,G]MANY 9CITES HIS SOLDI]S NOT TO GIVE QU>T] TO ! ,*9ESE2 ! ,BRITI% GOV]NM5T TREATS ! ,BO]S AS REBELS :O REFUSE TO SUBMIT TO =EIGN >ROGANCE & BURNS !IR F>MS1 & *ASES WOM5 FROM !IR HOMES1 & EV5 P]SECUTES NONCOMBATANTS1 & R5EWS ! HORRIBLE DE$S ( ,SPA9 9 ,CUBA2 ! ,SULTAN HAS ! ,>M5IANS MURD]$ BY ! HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S2 ! ,AM]ICAN GOV]NM5T SLAU<T]S ! ,FILIP9OS AFT] HAV+ VILELY BETRAY$ !M4 ,CAPITALI/S S5D WORK]S TO DIE 9 M9ES1 ON RAILWAYS1 9 RICE PADDIES 9 ORD] TO AVOID PAY+ ! NECESS>Y EXP5SES = WORKPLACE SAFETY1 & !Y SUMMON SOLDI]S TO 9TIMIDATE & %OOT WORK]S :O DEM& IMPROVEM5TS 9 !IR CONDITIONS4 

,ONE MORE TIME3 FROM :OM DOES ! SUGGE/ION COME1 ! PROVOCATION TO VIOL5CE8 ,:O MAKES VIOL5CE APPE> TO BE ! ONLY WAY \T ( ! CURR5T /ATE ( AFFAIRS1 ! ONLY MEANS BY :I* TO ESCAPE BE+ ET]NALLY SUBJECT$ TO ! VIOL5CE ( O!RS8 

,& 9 ,ITALY IT IS WORSE ?AN ELSE:]E4 ,! PEOPLE P]PETUALLY SUFF] FROM HUNG]2 ! LORDS BOSS PEOPLE >\ND WORSE ?AN 9 ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES2 ! GOV]NM5T COMPETES ) PROP]TY [N]S TO EXPLOIT ! WORK]S TO 5RI* !MSELVES & SQU&] ! RE/ 9 DYNA/IC 5T]PRISES2 ! POLICE >E ! >BIT] ( ! LIB]TY ( ! CITIZ5S1 & EV]Y CRY ( PROTE/1 EV]Y APPEAL IS /RANGL$ BY JAIL]S & DR[N$ 9 BLOOD BY SOLDI]S4 

,! LI/ ( MASSACRES IS LONG3 FROM ,PIETR>SA TO ,CONSELICA1 TO ,CALATABIANO1 TO ,SICILY1 & MORE4 ,ONLY TWO YE>S AGO1 ! ROYAL TROOPS MASSACR$ UN>M$ PEOPLE2 ONLY A FEW DAYS AGO1 ! ROYAL TROOPS PUT !IR BAYONETS AT ! S]VICE ( ! PROP]TY [N]S ( ,M9ELLA1 COMPELL+ =C$ LABOR FROM ! FAMI%$ & DESP]ATE WORK]S4 ,:O IS GUILTY ( ! REBELLION1 :O IS GUILTY ( ! REV5GE ?AT OCCASIONALLY RESULTS--! PROVOCATEUR1 ! (F5D]1 OR ?OSE :O D5\NCE ! (F5SE & WANT TO ELIM9ATE ! CAUSES8 

,BUT1 !Y SAY1 ! K+ IS NOT RESPONSIBLE6 

,WE C]TA9LY DO NOT TAKE ! MOCK]Y ( CON/ITUTIONAL FICTIONS S]I\SLY4 ,! 0LIB]AL0 NEWSPAP]S ?AT N[ >GUE AB\T ! K+'S RESPONSIBILITY1 !Y KNEW WELL ?AT ABOVE ! P>LIAM5T & ! M9I/]S1 !RE WAS A P[]FUL 9FLU5CE1 A 0HI< SPH]E0 TO :I* ! ROYAL PROCURATORS DID NOT ALL[ CLE> ALLUSIONS4 ,& ! CONS]VATIVES1 :O >E N[ WAIT+ = A 0NEW ]A0 FROM ! 5]GY ( ! NEW K+1 %[ !Y KN[ ?AT ! K+1 AT LEA/ 9 ,ITALY1 IS NOT ! PUPPET ?AT !Y W\LD HAVE US BELIEVE HE IS :5 IT COMES TO ATTRIBUT+ RESPONSIBILITIES4 ,& BESIDES1 EV5 IF HE DOES NOT DO EVIL DIRECTLY1 HE IS ALWAYS RESPONSIBLE = IT1 A MAN :O CAN PREV5T IT & DOES NOT--& ! K+ IS ! HEAD ( ! SOLDI]S & CAN ALWAYS1 AT LEA/1 PREV5T SOLDI]S FROM FIR+ ON UN>M$ POPULATIONS4 

,IT IS TRUE ?AT IF WE TAKE 9TO ACC\NT CONSID]ATIONS ( 9H]ITANCE1 ( $UCATION1 5VIRONM5TAL FACTORS1 !N ! P]SONAL RESPONSIBILITY ( ! P[]FUL DIM9I%ES & P]HAPS DISAPPE>S COMPLETELY4 ,BUT !N1 IF ! K+ IS NOT RESPONSIBLE = HIS ACTIONS & OMISSIONS1 IF 9 SPITE ( OPPRESSION1 ( ! MASSACRE ( ! PEOPLE DONE 9 HIS NAME1 HE %\LD HAVE CONT9U$ TO GOV]N ! C\NTRY1 !N :Y %\LD WE HOLD ,BRESCI RESPONSIBLE8 ,:Y %\LD ! ,BRESCI S]VE A LIFE S5T5CE ( UNSPEAKABLE SUFF]+ = AN ACT ?AT1 NO MATT] H[ MU* Y\ WANT TO JUDGE IT WRONG1 NO ONE CAN D5Y WAS 9SPIR$ BY ALTRUI/IC 9T5TIONS8 

,BUT ?IS QUE/ION ( ! SE>* = RESPONSIBILITY 9T]E/S US LITTLE4 ,WE DO NOT BELIEVE 9 ! RI<T TO PUNI%1 WE REJECT ! IDEA ( REV5GE AS B>B>IC3 WE DO NOT 9T5D TO BE EXECUTION]S OR AV5G]S4 ,! MISSION ( LIB]ATORS & PEACEMAK]S SEEMS HOLI]1 NOBL]1 MORE B5EFICIAL4 

,WE W\LD WILL+LY (F] \R H& TO ! K+S1 TO ! OPPRESSORS1 TO ! EXPLOIT]S1 IF ONLY !Y WANT$ TO RETURN M5 AMONG M51 EQUAL AMONG ! EQUALS4 ,BUT :ILE !Y P]SI/ 9 5JOY+ ! PRES5T ORD] ( ?+S & DEF5D+ IT ) =CE1 ?US 9FLICT+ M>TYRDOM1 BRUTALIZATION1 & DEA? BY H>D%IP ON MILLIONS ( HUMAN BE+S1 !N IT IS A DUTY = US TO OPPOSE !IR =CE BY =CE4 

,TO OPPOSE =CE BY =CE6 

,DOES ?IS MEAN ?AT WE DELI<T 9 MELODRAMATIC PLOTS1 OR ?AT WE >E ALWAYS 9 ! ACT OR 9T5TION ( /ABB+ AN OPPRESSOR8 ,NOT AT ALL4 ,WE ABHOR VIOL5CE BY S5TIM5T & BY PR9CIPLE1 & WE ALWAYS DO \R BE/ TO AVOID IT3 ONLY ! NE$ TO RESI/ EVIL BY SUITABLE & EFFECTIVE MEANS CAN MOVE US TO RESORT TO VIOL5CE4 

,WE KN[ ?AT !SE ISOLAT$ ACTS ( VIOL5CE1 )\T SUFFICI5T PREP>ATION 9 ! PEOPLE1 REMA9 /]ILE & (T5 PROVOKE REACTIONS ?AT IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO RESI/1 PRODUC+ MIS=TUNES & HURT+ ! V]Y CAUSE !Y 9T5D TO S]VE4 

,WE KN[ ?AT ! MO/ ESS5TIAL ?+1 ! 9DISPUTABLY USEFUL ?+ IS NOT TO KILL ! K+ AS A P]SON1 BUT TO KILL ALL ! K+S--?OSE ( ! C\RTS1 ! P>LIAM5TS1 & ! WORK%OPS--?AT GOV]N PEOPLE'S HE>TS & M9DS2 TO ]ADICATE FAI? 9 ! PR9CIPLE ( AU?ORITY ?AT SO MANY PEOPLE WOR%IP4 

,WE KN[ ?AT ! LESS RIPE ! REVOLUTION IS1 ! BLOODI] & MORE UNC]TA94 ,WE KN[ ?AT1 S9CE VIOL5CE IS ! S\RCE ( AU?ORITY1 S9CE 9DE$ IT IS BASICALLY ID5TICAL ) ! PR9CIPLE ( AU?ORITY1 ! MORE VIOL5T ! REVOLUTION IS ! GREAT] ! RISK WILL BE ?AT IT WILL GIVE RISE TO NEW =MS ( AU?ORITY4 ,& SO WE /RIVE TO OBTA91 BE=E US+ ! LA/ REASONS ( ! OPPRESS$1 ! MORAL & MAT]IAL =CE WE NE$ TO M9IMIZE ! AM\NT ( VIOL5CE NECESS>Y TO OV]?R[ ! REGIME ( VIOL5CE UND] :I* HUMANITY IS SUFF]+ TODAY4 

,WILL WE BE LEFT 9 PEACE TO \R WORK ( PROPAG&A1 ORGANIZATION1 & REVOLUTION>Y PREP>ATION8 

,9 ,ITALY1 !Y PREV5T US FROM SPEAK+1 FROM WRIT+1 FROM ASSOCIAT+4 ,!Y =BID WORK]S FROM ORGANIZ+ & /RUGGL+ PEACEFULLY = EMANCIPATION--OR EV5 TO IMPROVE !IR MIS]ABLE & 9HUMANE CONDITIONS ( EXI/5CE A LITTLE BIT4 ,PRISONS1 H\SE >RE/1 & BLOODY REPRESSION >E 9FLICT$ NOT ONLY ON US AN>*I/S1 BUT ON ANYONE :O D>ES TO IMAG9E A BETT] /ATE ( AFFAIRS4 

,IS IT SURPRIS+ ?AT1 IF ! HOPE ( BE+ ABLE TO FI<T PR(ITABLY = !IR [N CAUSE IS LO/1 >D5T S\LS ALL[ !MSELVES TO BE C>RI$ AWAY TO ACTS ( V9DICTIVE JU/ICE8 

,POLICE MEASURES1 :I* ALWAYS T>GET ! LEA/ DANG]\S2 ! FRANTIC SE>* = NON-EXI/5T 9/IGATORS1 :I* IS GROTESQUE TO ANYONE FAMILI> ) ! DOM9ANT SPIRIT AMONG AN>*I/S2 ! ?\S& ABSURD PROPOSALS = EXT]M9ATION ADVANC$ BY AMATEURS ( POLIC+--ALL !SE ONLY S]VE TO HI<LI<T ! SAVAGE HATR$ ?AT FE/]S 9 ! S\L ( GOV]N+ CLASSES4 

,IF Y\ WANT TO COMPLETELY ELIM9ATE ! BLOODY REVOLT ( ! VICTIMS1 ! ONLY SURE WAY TO DO SO W\LD BE TO ABOLI% OPPRESSION4 

,IF Y\ WANT TO DIM9I% ! \TBREAKS1 ! ONLY WAY TO DO SO IS TO GIVE EV]YONE ! FRE$OM TO C>RY \T PROPAG&A & ORGANIZATION2 TO GIVE ! DISPOSSESS$1 ! OPPRESS$1 ! MALCONT5TS ! POSSIBILITY ( 5GAG+ 9 CIVIL /RUGGLES2 TO P]MIT !M ! HOPE ?AT !Y C\LD OBTA9 EMANCIPATION VIA BLOODLESS MEANS1 EV5 IF GRADUALLY4 

,! GOV]NM5T ( ,ITALY WILL NOT DO ANY?+ BUT CONT9UE TO REPRESS444 & WILL CONT9UE TO REAP :AT IT S[S4 

,:ILE WE DEPLORE ! BL9DNESS ( ! RUL]S :O GIVE ?IS /RUGGLE AN UNNECESS>Y H>%NESS1 WE WILL CONT9UE TO FI<T = A SOCIETY 9 :I* ALL VIOL5CE IS ELIM9AT$1 9 :I* EV]YONE HAS BREAD1 FRE$OM1 KN[L$GE1 9 :I* LOVE IS ! SUPREME LAW ( LIFE4 

,APP5DIX ,I,I3 ,LEO ,TOL/OY ON ! ,KILL+ ( ,K+ ,UMB]TO 

  

,SELECTIONS FROM 0,?\ ,%ALT ,NOT ,KILL10 PUBLI%$ ,AUGU/ #h1 #a#i4 

,:5 K+S LIKE ,*>LES ,I1 ,L\IS ,X,V,I1 OR ,MAXIMILIAN ( ,MEXICO >E S5T5C$ TO DEA?1 OR :5 !Y >E KILL$ 9 C\RT REVOLUTIONS1 AS W]E ,PET] ,I,I,I1 ,PAUL1 & ALL K9DS ( SULTANS1 %AHS1 & KHANS1 !RE IS G5]ALLY A SIL5CE ON ! SUBJECT4 ,BUT :5 !Y >E KILL$ )\T A TRIAL & )\T C\RT REVOLUTIONS1 AS WAS ! CASE ) ,H5RY ,I,V1 ,ALEX&] ,I,I1 ! ,EMPRESS ( ,AU/RIA1 ! ,%AH ( ,P]SIA1 & N[ ,UMB]TO1 SU* MURD]S R\SE ! GREATE/ 9DIGNATION & AMAZEM5T AMONG K+S1 EMP]ORS1 & !IR RET9UES1 AS ?\< !SE M5 DID NOT TAKE P>T 9 MURD]S1 DID NOT MAKE USE ( !M1 & DID NOT PRESCRIBE !M4 ,& YET1 ! V]Y BE/ ( ! K+S SLA91 SU* AS ,ALEX&] ,I,I & ,UMB]TO1 W]E ! AU?ORS1 P>TICIPANTS1 & ACCOMPLICES 9 ! MURD] ( T5S ( ?\S&S ( M51 :O DI$ ON FIELDS ( BATTLE1 TO SAY NO?+ ( DOME/IC EXECUTIONS4 ,! BAD K+S & EMP]ORS HAVE BE5 ! AU?ORS ( HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S1 OR ( MILLIONS ( MURD]S444 

,! MURD]S ( K+S1 LIKE ! LATE MURD] ( ,UMB]TO1 >E NOT T]RIBLE ON ACC\NT ( !IR CRUELTY4 ,! ACTS COMMITT$ BY ! COMM&S ( K+S & EMP]ORS--NOT ONLY 9 ! PA/1 AS ! ,NI<T ( ,B>?OLOMEW1 ! MASSACRES = ! SAKE ( FAI?1 ! T]RIBLE PACIFICATIONS ( PEASANT UPRIS+S1 & ! ,V]SAILLES SLAU<T]S1 BUT ALSO ! PRES5T GOV]NM5TAL EXECUTIONS1 ! />VATIONS 9 SOLIT>Y CELLS & DISCIPL9>Y BATTALIONS1 ! HANG+S1 ! *OPP+ (F ( HEADS1 ! %OOT+1 & ! SLAU<T]S 9 W>-->E 9COMP>ABLY MORE CRUEL ?AN ! MURD]S COMMITT$ BY AN>*I/S4 ,NOR >E !SE MURD]S T]RIBLE ON ACC\NT ( NOT HAV+ BE5 DES]V$4 ,IF ,ALEX&] ,I,I & ,UMB]TO DID NOT DES]VE TO BE KILL$1 H[ MU* LESS ?OSE ?\S&S ( ,RUSSIANS :O P]I%$ AT ,PLEVNA DES]V$ TO BE KILL$1 & ?OSE ,ITALIANS :O P]I%$ 9 ,ABYSS9IA4 ,SU* MURD]S >E NOT T]RIBLE ON ACC\NT ( !IR CRUELTY OR ! 9NOC5CE ( ! MURD]$1 BUT ON ACC\NT ( ! S5SELESSNESS ( ?OSE :O COMMIT !M4 

,IF K+S SU* AS ,ALEX&]1 ,C>NOT1 & ,UMB]TO >E MURD]$ UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( A P]SONAL S5TIM5T ( 9DIGNATION1 PROVOK$ BY ! SUFF]+S ( AN 5SLAV$ NATION1 OR UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( A P]SONAL FEEL+ ( REV5GE1 SU* ACTS1 H[EV] IMMORAL1 >E COMPREH5SIBLE4 ,BUT H[ IS IT ?AT AN ORGANIZATION ( M5--( AN>*I/S1 AS !Y N[ SAY--:I* S5T ,BRESCI \T1 & :I* IS ?REAT5+ ANO!R EMP]OR1 HAS NOT BE5 ABLE TO 9V5T ANY?+ BETT] = ! AMELIORATION ( M5'S CONDITION ?AN ! MURD] ( ?OSE M5 :OSE ANNIHILATION CAN BE AS USEFUL AS ! CUTT+ (F ( ! HEAD ( ! ,HYDRA1 :5 9 PLACE ( ! ONE CUT (F !RE IMM$IATELY GREW \T A NEW ONE8 ,K+S & EMP]ORS HAVE LONG AGO >RANG$ ?+S 9 ! SAME MANN] AS 9 A MAGAZ9E RIFLE3 ! MOM5T ONE BULLET FLIES \T1 ANO!R TAKES ITS PLACE4 ,LE ROI E/ MORT2 VIVE LE ROI6 ,SO :AT S5SE IS !RE 9 KILL+ !M8 

444,IT IS NOT ,ALEX&]1 ,UMB]TO1 ,WILLIAM1 ,NI*OLAS1 & ,*AMB]LA9 :O GUIDE ! OPPRESSIONS & W>S ( ! NATIONS1 OR :O >E ! AU?ORS ( ! OPPRESSIONS ( ! MASSES & ! MURD]S 9 W>S1 BUT ?OSE :O HAVE PUT !M 9 ! POSITIONS ( RUL]S OV] ! LIVES ( M51 & SUPPORT !M 9 !SE POSITIONS4 ,& SO ,ALEX&]1 ,NI*OLAS1 ,WILLIAM1 & ,UMB]TO >E NOT TO BE KILL$1 BUT M5 >E TO /OP SUPPORT+ ! ORD] ( SOCIETY ?AT PRODUCES !M4 ,:AT SUPPORTS ! PRES5T ORD] ( SOCIETY IS ! EGOTISM & /UPIDITY ( M5 :O SELL !IR FRE$OM & HONOR = !IR 9SIGNIFICANT MAT]IAL ADVANTAGES444 

,ABOVE ALL1 WE MU/ NOT P]MIT !M TO KILL PEOPLE2 WE MU/ REFUSE TO KILL BY !IR COMM&4 

,APP5DIX ,I,I,I3 ,AT ! ,/ATION ( ,MONZA--,A ,SONG ,9SPIR$ BY ,GAETANO ,BRESCI 

  

7BY ANONYM\S--E>LY #a#iS7 
 ,AT ! ,MONZA /ATION 

 ,A TRA9 COMES RO>+ 9 

 ,!Y KILL$ ! K+ 

 ,HIT HIM ) ?REE BULLETS4  

 ,WE WILL BURN ! *UR*ES & ! ALT>S1 

 ,WE WILL BURN ! BUILD+S ?AT HOLD !M UP 

 ,) ! GUTS ( ! LA/ PRIE/ 

 ,WE WILL HANG ! POPE & ! K+4 

 ,REVOLUTION YES1 W> ON SOCIETY1 

 ,REVOLUTION YES1 W> ON SOCIETY4 

 ,RA!R ?AN LIV+1 LIV+ LIKE ?IS1 

 ,BETT] TO DIE = FRE$OM1 

 ,BETT] TO DIE = FRE$OM4  

 ,& ! ,VATICAN WILL BURN 

 ,& ! ,VATICAN WILL BURN 

 ,& ! ,VATICAN WILL BURN 

 ,) ! ,POPE 9SIDE4  

 ,& IF ! GOV]NM5T OPPOSES IT 

 ,& IF ! GOV]NM5T OPPOSES IT 

 ,& IF ! GOV]NM5T OPPOSES IT 

 ,REVOLUTION6  

 ,REVOLUTION YES1 W> ON SOCIETY1 

 ,REVOLUTION YES1 W> ON SOCIETY1 

 ,RA!R ?AN LIV+1 ?AN LIV+ LIKE ?IS1 

 ,BETT] TO DIE = FRE$OM1 

 ,BETT] TO DIE = FRE$OM6  

.<#a.> ,= MORE 9=MATION1 CONSULT ,PIETRO DI ,PAOLA'S EXCELL5T ,! ,KNI<TS ,]RANT ( ,AN>*Y3 ,LONDON & ! ,ITALIAN ,AN>*I/ ,DIASPORA 7#a#h#h-#a#i#a#g74 

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #a#g? ,JUNE #bba FROM CRIME?9C4COM47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#d1 #bbb 3 ,GAETANO ,BRESCI3 ,TYRANNICIDE & ,DEF5D] ( ! ,PEOPLE -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/