,*APT] #c 
,CLASS ,/RUCTURE 

#aifaif 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PAUL ,GOODMAN 

,TEXT 3 

,I,I,I4 ,CLASS ,/RUCTURE 

  
#a4 

  

,9 \R ECONOMY ( ABUNDANCE IT IS /ILL SUBJECT TO DISCUSSION :E!R OR NOT !RE IS AS MU* POV]TY AS !RE WAS 9 ! ,?IRTIES :5 0ONE-?IRD ( A NATION WAS ILL H\S$1 ILL CLO!D1 ILL F$40 ,SOME SAY #b P] C5T >E POV]TY-/RICK51 SOME AS MANY AS #d P] C5T4 ,C5SUS1 #a#i#e#h3 #ca P] C5T4 

7,BUT IT IS H>D TO DET]M9E A CRIT]ION ( POV]TY4 ,E4G41 A ,NEGRO FAMILY 9 ! RI* C\NTY ( ,WE/*E/]1 ,NEW ,YORK1 MI<T HAVE AN 9COME ( @s#d1 YET HAVE TO PAY SO MU* R5T = SUB/&>D H\S+ ?AT IT CAN'T MAKE BO? 5DS MEET4 ,9 ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY NOVICE ,PU]TO ,RICANS >E FLEEC$ F\R TIMES AS MU* = A QU>T] ( ! SPACE ?AT EXP]I5C$ CITIZ5S MANAGE TO F9D 9 ! SAME NEI<BORHOOD47 

,NEV]!LESS1 ALL /UD5TS W\LD AGREE ON TWO PROPOSITIONS3 7#a7 ,! COMPOSITION ( ! POOR HAS *ANG$ IMM5SELY2 IT N[ CONSI/S MA9LY ( RACIAL & CULTURAL M9ORITIES1 9CLUD+ MIGRANT F>M LABOR4 7#b7 ,& ! ECONOMIC RELATION ( ! POOR TO ! SY/EM HAS IMPORTANTLY *ANG$3 SIMPLY1 ! E>LI] M9ORITIES1 ,IRI%1 ,JEWS1 ,ITALIANS1 ,SLAVS1 P\R$ 9TO AN EXP&+ ECONOMY ?AT NE$$ PEOPLE2 ! NEW COME 9TO AN EXP&+ ECONOMY ?AT DOES NOT NE$ PEOPLE4 ,I W\LD ADD ANO!R IMPORTANT DIFF]5CE3 7#c7 ,! RELATION ( ! O!R CLASSES TO ! POOR HAS *ANG$4 ,= 9/ANCE1 MANY READ]S >E NO D\BT SURPRIS$ ?AT !RE >E SO MANY POOR &1 READ+ AB\T IT1 FEEL ?AT IT IS A M]E LAG1 A MATT] ( MOPP+ UP1 9 \R G5]AL PRODUCTIVE ADVANCE4 ,EV]Y?+ LOOKS PRETTY /REAML9$4 

,! 9COME PYRAMID HAS *ANG$ 9 %APE4 ,IT US$ TO BE ?AT ! MO/ W]E ! POOR AT ! BOTTOM & !N1 EV5LY1 FEW] & FEW] AT EA* LEVEL UP TO A FEW AT ! TOP4 ,BUT ! MEAN+ ( ! ECONOMY ( ABUNDANCE IS ?AT !RE >E N[ V]Y MANY1 P]HAPS EV5 A BULGE1 AT ! L[]-MIDDLE-9COME LEVEL4 ,!SE >E ! PEOPLE ) SEMIPR(ESSIONAL & S]VICE JOBS1 ! OCCUPATIONAL CATEGORY ?AT HAS GR[N ! MO/1 & :O GET /ATUS SAL>IES2 ! SKILL$ & SEMISKILL$ 9 SEMIMONOPOLY FACTORY JOBS1 /RONGLY UNIONIZ$2 ! FAMILIES 9 :I*1 9 \R >TIFICIALLY MA9TA9$ NE>LY FULL EMPLOYM5T1 ! MAN HAS TWO JOBS OR ! WOMAN ALSO HAS A JOB2 & FAMILIES 9 NEWLY 9DU/RIALIZ$ >EAS 9 ! ,S\? & ,MIDDLE ,WE/4 ,BUT CONV]SELY1 ! POORLY PAY+ UNSKILL$ JOBS HAVE DIM9I%$4 ,IT IS H]E ?AT SIMPLE AUTOMATION 7E4G41 SWEEP+ ! FLOOR 9 A FACTORY7 IS ALL[$ FULL DEVELOPM5T4 ,MANY CATEGORIES >E NOT UNIONIZ$4 ,SOMETIMES EV5 ! M9IMUM WAGE DOES NOT APPLY4 ,MIGRATORY F>M LABOR1 MO/LY ,NEGRO1 IS NOT COV]$ BY SOCIAL 9SURANCE4 ,BY ! CONNIVANCE ( UNION & MANAGEM5T1 ,NEGROES & ! NEW ,SPANI% M9ORITIES >E (T5 REJECT$ = APPR5TICE%IP4 ,!SE POOR GR\PS1 BEH9DH& TO BEG9 )1 GET LESS S*OOL+4 

,?AT IS1 ! ECONOMY ( ABUNDANCE1 ! BULGE 9 ! PYRAMID1 MEANS ALSO ?AT ?OSE AT ! BOTTOM T5D TO FALL \T ( 0SOCIETY0 ALTOGE!R4 

,CONSID] IT4 ,!RE IS A HI<] /&>D ( LIV+1 MORE TO CON=M TO 9 ORD] TO BE 0DEC5T02 IT IS MORE EXP5SIVE TO BE DEC5TLY POOR4 ,YET !RE IS A TI<T] ORGANIZATION ABOVE ?AT IS H>D] TO BELONG TO1 SO ?AT ! /&>D IS 9CREAS+LY UNATTA9ABLE = ! UND]PRIVILEG$4 ,SO F> AS ECONOMIC & VOCATIONAL CAUSES1 POV]TY & JOB USELESSNESS1 >E FACTORS--& !Y >E MI<TY IMPORTANT FACTORS :5 !Y ADD UP TO BE+ 0\T0 ( SOCIETY--?IS IS A SUFFICI5T EXPLANATION = JUV5ILE DEL9QU5CY4 ,ONE NE$ GO NO FUR!R4 ,= 9 SU* HOPELESS CONDITIONS1 ANY GR\NDS1 ( FAMILY HO/ILITY1 UNUSUAL *ILDHOOD FRU/RATION1 OR A GANG ON ! /REET1 WILL TIP ! BALANCE4 ,! QUE/ION IS :E!R OR NOT ?IS /RUCTURE IS ORGANIC 9 \R PRES5T SY/EM4 

7,LET ME SAY AT ?IS PO9T1 H[EV]1 ?AT MANY ( ! HUMBLE JOBS ( ! POOR >E PRECISELY NOT USELESS1 MORALLY4 ,F>M LABOR1 JANITOR+1 MESS5G]1 S]V+ & DI% WA%+--!SE JOBS RESI/ REM>KABLY WELL ! IMPUTATION ( USELESSNESS MADE AGA9/ ! PRODUCTIVE SOCIETY AS A :OLE4 ,9 ! POT5CY-IDEOLOGY ( TE5-AGE DEL9QU5TS1 ( C\RSE1 SU* JOBS >E CONTEMPTIBLE & EMASCULAT+4 ,BUT WE %ALL SEE ?AT !Y >E IMPORTANT = ! POV]TY-MY/IQUE ( ! MORE ?\<TFUL ( ! ,BEAT ,G5]ATION47 

#b4 

  

,REC5TLY ,I ATT5D$ A CONF]5CE 7,/UD5T ,LEAGUE = ,9DU/RIAL ,DEMOCRACY7 :]E POV]TY WAS ! !ME4 ,EM95T & E>NE/ LABOR LEAD]S SPOKE4 ,AS ! DAY WORE ON ,I BECAME E]ILY DI/URB$ AT ! DIFF]5CE 9 TONE FROM SU* DISCUSSIONS 9 ! ,?IRTIES4 ,AT LA/ ,I HIT IT3 !Y W]E TALK+ NOT POLITICAL ECONOMY BUT PHILAN?ROPY4 ,P>TLY1 MAYBE1 ?IS TONE CREPT 9 BECAUSE !Y W]E TALK+ AB\T \R POOR BLACK & BR[N BRO!RS4 ,MO/LY1 H[EV]1 IT WAS BECAUSE !IR ATTITUDE T[>D POV]TY IS NO LONG] P>T ( !IR FI<T+ ECONOMIC !ORY4 ,AS LABOR ECONOMI/S1 !Y DO NOT HAVE SOLID>ITY ) !SE POOR4 

,:5 POV]TY US$ TO BE DISCUSS$ BY SOCIALI/S--!SE SAME M5 Y\NG]--! !ORY WAS ?AT 9 ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM LABOR AS A :OLE MU/ BE AT ! BOTTOM & MU/ BECOME POOR]1 BECAUSE ( ! FALL+ RETURN ON 9VE/M5T & ITS PRESSURE ON WAGES1 BECAUSE ( ! CONC5TRATION ( [N]%IP & CONTROL & ! 9CREASE ( 9EQUALITY1 & ! P]IODIC CRISES & UNEMPLOYM5T4 ,!RE=E ! FI<T AGA9/ POV]TY WAS SOLID>Y2 IT WAS ! FI<T TO IMPROVE ! :OLE SY/EM 9 ORD] TO IMPROVE ! POSITION ( LABOR4 ,BUT N[ ! RATE ( 9T]E/ DOES NOT FALL2 ! SY/EM CU%IONS ITS CRISES2 !RE IS HI< EMPLOYM5T 7) SIGNIFICANT EXCEPTIONS7 OR 9SURANCE4 ,!RE IS C]TA9LY A CONC5TRATION ( MONOPOLI/IC CONTROL1 BUT EI!R 9EQUALITY IS LESS 7?AT IS DEBATABLE7 OR1 C]TA9LY1 WORK]S ON A FAIRLY HI< /&>D DON'T MU* BO!R :O HAS MILLIONS4 ,?US1 NO/ALGIC SOLID>ITY ) POV]TY TURNS 9TO PHILAN?ROPY--& EV5 9TO EXCLUSION1 ON ISSUES :]E ! POOR >E UNASSIMILABLE 9TO ! ABUNDANT SY/EM4 

,ONE ( ! SPEAK]S1 A PORTLY LABOR LEAD]1 WAS ASK$ :E!R ! NEW 9COME PYRAMID DID NOT RESEMBLE A MIDDLE-AG$ G5TLEMAN ) A BULGE B5EA? ! MIDDLE4 

,I DID NOT ONCE HE> ! WORD 0PROLET>IAT10 & ?AT MADE S5SE4 ,= ! WORD HAD BE5 US$1 BITT]LY & NOBLY1 9 A DIFF]5T !ORY3 0PRODUC]S ( (FSPR+0 PAID BY ! IRON LAW ( WAGES JU/ 5\< TO REPRODUCE LABOR4 ,\R PRES5T POOR >E MORE LIKE ! ANCI5T ,ROMAN PROLET>IAT1 PRODUC]S ( (FSPR+ KEPT ON ! DOLE = POLITICAL REASONS4 ,IT WAS CLE>1 TOO1 :Y ! WORD 0DO-GOOD]0 HAS FALL5 9TO MILD DISREPUTE4 ,IT US$ TO REF]1 LIKE 0MUCK-RAK+10 TO QUIXOTIC ATTEMPTS TO RE=M ! SY/EM2 N[ IT IS DIM9I%+ SUFF]+1 ACCEPT+ ! SY/EM4 7,MUCK-RAK+1 9 TURN1 HAS BECOME ! PROTE/ ( ,ANGRY ,Y\NG ,M54 ,MY [N TONE 9 ?IS BOOK S\NDS LIKE AN ,ANGRY ,MIDDLE-,AG$ ,MAN1 DISAPPO9T$ BUT NOT RESIGN$47 

#c4 

  

,= ?OSE EXCLUD$ FROM ! HI< /&>D & ITS ORGANIZATION1 IT IS BECOM+ H>D] TO MA9TA9 ANY ,AM]ICAN /&>D AT ALL4 ,IT IS *>ACT]I/IC ( SY/EMS GE>$ TO HI< PAY ?AT IT IS H>D TO WORK = L[ PAY4 ,!RE >E FEW] SU* JOBS2 ?OSE !RE >E >E SUBJECT TO GRUEL+ EXPLOITATION )\T B5EFIT ( UNION4 ,L[ PAY G5]ALLY MEANS H>D] WORK UND] WORSE CONDITIONS4 ,PRICES >E1 ( C\RSE1 GE>$ TO ! HI< /&>D2 & ! USE ( ANY COMMODITY T5DS TO BE 9CREAS+LY TI$ UP ) ! USE ( MANY O!R COMMODITIES & S]VICES ?AT CO/ MONEY4 

,= 9/ANCE1 IT IS V]Y GRIM TO BE POOR & RUN A JALOPY4 ,! 9SURANCE CO/S ?REE TIMES AS MU* AS ! C>4 ,! OLD C>1 :I* IS SAFE AT #e M4P4H41 IS EFFECTUALLY B>R$ FROM P>KWAYS MADE = C>S AT #fe M4P4H4 ,! PRICE ( GASOL9E PAYS = ! P>KWAYS4 ,! PRICE ( REPAIRS IS GE>$ TO ! NEW C>S4 

,IT CO/S MONEY TO HAVE ANY JOB AT ALL1 BUT TRANSPORTATION & LUN*ES1 PRES5TABLE CLO!S & LAUNDRY1 >E PRIC$ = GOOD WAGES4 

,UNLESS HE IS CAPABLE ( A DIFF]5T1 9V5TIVE OR COMMUNITY CULTURE ALTOGE!R1 A POOR P]SON CAN AF=D LITTLE RECREATION4 ,! POPUL> CULTURE IS HI< PRIC$ & HE GETS ! DREGS ( IT4 ,HIS POV]TY T5DS TO DEG5]ATE 9TO /UPIDITY4 ,HE CANNOT AF=D PRES5TABLE %OES = ! KIDS TO GO TO S*OOL2 !Y >E A%AM$ & WON'T GO4 ,?US1 9 ,PEGUY'S PHRASE1 POV]TY BECOMES MIS]Y1 & ! POOR BELONG TO SOCIETY LESS & LESS4 

#d4 

  

,!RE IS LITTLE AGREEM5T 9 ! SOCIOLOGY ( DEL9QU5CY4 7,AS ,I %ALL DISCUSS LAT]1 ?IS IS BECAUSE ! CONCEPT ITSELF IS CONFUS$ & SO LEADS TO CONFUS+ /ATI/ICS47 ,BUT ONE CORRELATION ?AT IS G5]ALLY AGRE$ ON IS ?AT3 ,JUV5ILE DEL9QU5CY1 UNLIKE ADULT CRIME1 IS MORE FREQU5T 9 YE>S ( ECONOMIC PROSP]ITY ?AN 9 YE>S ( DEPRESSION4 ,N[1 ?IS W\LD SEEM TO CONTRADICT ! O!R1 & RA!R PRIMA FACIE1 !ORY ( POV]TY AS ! IMPORTANT CONDITION4 ,! P>ADOX IS S(T5$ BY PO9T+ \T ?AT 9 PROSP]ITY !RE IS MORE EMPLOYM5T ( WOM51 MORE DIVORCE1 MORE MONEY TO BUY LIQUOR & DRUGS4 ,!SE FACTORS MAKE S5SE1 BUT LET ME RAISE SOME FUR!R CONSID]ATIONS4 

,FIR/1 !RE IS ! POSSIBILITY ?AT ! PROSP]\S WELL-PAY+ JOBS DO NOT FILT] D[N EV5LY TO ! POORE/ GR\PS1 :O T5D MU* MORE TO BE UNEMPLOYABLE4 ,?IS C]TA9LY SEEMS TO BE \R SITUATION TODAY4 ,SECOND1 9 A HI<-/&>D ECONOMY1 !RE IS A VA/ DIFF]5CE BETWE5 HAV+ A LITTLE EXTRA MONEY & BE+ ACCU/OM$ TO ! WELL-PAID /&>D4 ,AS \R ,MAN*E/] =EFA!RS US$ TO SAY1 Y\ DO A DISS]VICE TO ! UNDES]V+ POOR BY GIV+ !M MONEY1 BECAUSE !Y WILL GET 9TO TR\BLE4 ,CONSID] ! CONCRETE SITUATION3 ,EV5 IF ! P>5TS >E SUDD5LY GETT+ BETT] PAY1 ! Y\NG >E GETT+ M]ELY A LITTLE EXTRA SP5D+ MONEY1 & ?IS1 9 A SOCIETY 9 :I* !RE IS SUDD5LY A LOT ( MONEY1 MU/ WORK \T AS FOLL[S3 7#a7 ,! UND]PRIVILEG$ KIDS GET >\ND MORE & >E EXPOS$ TO ! EXP5SIVE GLAM\R1 BUT 7#b7 ?IS IS PRECISELY NOT ATTA9ABLE BY !M UNLESS !Y TAKE %ORT CUTS4 7#c7 ,MEANTIME1 ?OSE :O HAVE ! NEW MONEY >E MORE C>ELESS ) IT3 !Y LEAVE !IR C>S UNLOCK$1 BUY SEX1 DR9K TOO MU*4 ,& 7#d7 ! SPITEFUL FEEL+ IS 9CREAS$1 ?AT ?OSE :O >E BETT] (F >E SQU>ES1 5EMIES1 & FAIR VICTIMS ( ! GANG4 ,9 BOOM TIME1 ?AT IS1 !RE IS EFFECTUALLY MORE EXCLUSION ?AN ORD9>ILY4 

,DUR+ DEPRESSION1 CONTR>IWISE1 !RE IS MORE COMMUNITY BECAUSE MANY O!RS >E 9 ! SAME BOAT4 ,! /REET IS OCCUPI$ BY KIDS US$ TO O!R MORES1 TO :OM ! GANG VALUES >E PO9TLESS4 ,?IS LEADS TO FRICTION1 BUT ALSO TO O!R FRI5D%IPS & O!R 0?+S TO DO40 ,BUT ABOVE ALL1 AS EV]YBODY KN[S :O WAS UNEMPLOY$ DUR+ ! ,GREAT ,DEPRESSION1 IT IS EASI] TO BE DEC5TLY POOR :5 PRICES >E L[ & ! PRESSURE TO MA9TA9 APPE>ANCES IS DIM9I%$4 ,?+S GET NE>] TO A HUMAN SCALE & LIFE MAKES MORE S5SE4 ,LIKEWISE1 AT SU* TIMES POLITICAL ACTIVITY IS MORE COMMON1 AN $UCATION ?AT 9CREASES SELF-E/EEM 9 A WOR?-:ILE WAY4 

,?IS :OLE PICTURE W\LD BE QUITE DIFF]5T IF ! UND]PRIVILEG$ & SOME:AT UNEMPLOYABLE FAMILIES HAD A PRETTY GOOD SECURE 9COME OV] A LONG P]IOD4 ,!Y W\LD !N BE MEMB]S ( SOCIETY AT LEA/ AS CONSUM]S1 & W\LD EV5TUALLY BECOME AS EMPLOYABLE AS ! AV]AGE4 ,SU* A CONDITION W\LD AT ONCE DIM9I% C]TA9 K9DS ( UND]PRIVILEG$ DEL9QU5CY1 E4G41 !FTS1 MALICI\S MIS*IEF1 C]TA9 SPITEFUL ASSAULTS1 & MAYBE TRUANCY4 ,SIMPLY TO SUBSIDIZE ! POOR MI<T BE ! *EAPE/ WAY ( COP+ ) !IR JUV5ILE DEL9QU5CY4 ,TO REE/ABLI% 9 G5]AL :AT HE CALLS ! SOCIAL BALANCE1 ,J4 ,K4 ,GALBRAI? PROPOSES SU* A HI< LONG-TIME SUBSIDY = ALL UNEMPLOY$4 ,HE ASSURES US ?AT ?IS W\LD NOT BE 9FLATION>Y1 & AS ! ONE-TIME DIRECTOR ( PRICE CONTROLS = ! ,O,P,A HE %\LD KN[4 

,! POPUL> BRI<T IDEA TO DIM9I% DEL9QU5CY IS TO P5ALIZE ! P>5TS2 & P]HAPS ! EFFECTIVE ME?OD W\LD BE1 RA!R1 TO GIVE !M MONEY TO SP5D1 A K9D ( PRIZE6 

#e4 

  

,AT PRES5T1 H[EV]1 \R SOCIETY IS SETTL+ = ! FIR/ TIME 9 ITS HI/ORY 9TO A RIGID CLASS SY/EM4 7,SOME:]E WE MISS$ \T ON EQUALITY1 & ?IS IS N[ ?REAT5+ \R FLEXIBILITY & /ABILITY47 ,IT IS NOT ?AT 9DIVIDUALS MAY NOT MOVE FROM GRADE TO GRADE--!RE IS P]HAPS EV5 MORE 9DIVIDUAL MOBILITY ?AN EV]4 ,BUT ! /ATUSES !MSELVES >E MORE RIGID2 !RE IS LESS EASY GRADATION1 & !RE IS LESS OPPORTUNITY TO MAKE ONE'S UNIQUE 0CLASSLESS0 PLACE4 ,ONE IS MORE DEF9ITELY 9 OR \T1 & 9 A MORE DEF9ITE RANK4 

,AT ! BOTTOM >E ! POOR1 0\TSIDE0 ( SOCIETY4 ,NEXT >E ?OSE GR\PS :O >E 9 ! ORGANIZ$ SY/EM ( PRODUCTION3 7#a7 ,?OSE :O >E 090 BUT C\LDN'T C>E LESS AB\T ! PRODUCTION & DI/RIBUTION1 LIKE ! FACTORY OP]ATIVES M5TION$ 9 ! FIR/ *APT]4 ,!SE >E PAID ! L[]-MIDDLE-9COME WAGES1 SAY @s#d1 TO @s#f14 ,!Y BUY ON CR$IT & HAVE TO KEEP ON ! JOB TO MAKE BO? 5DS MEET4 ,IF ! WORK WEEK IS %ORT5$ TO ?IRTY H\RS1 )\T A COMM5SURATE LOSS ( 9COME1 !RE IS EVID5CE ?AT !Y GET O!R1 P>T-TIME1 JOBS TO BUY /ILL MORE REFRIG]ATORS4 7#b7 ,! NEXT /ATUS :O >E 090 >E ! ,ORGANIZATION ,M5 PROP]1 :OSE H\RS1 ?\<TS1 FAMILIES1 PLAY1 & PEACE ( M9D >E D$ICAT$ TO MA9TA9+ !IR POSITIONS 9 !IR P>TICUL> FIRMS & PU%+ UPW>D !RE OR 9 SOME O!R FIRMS4 ,SAL>Y @s#g1#e TO @s#b14 ,IT IS ?IS GR\P--! JUNIOR EXECUTIVES1 = 9/ANCE--?AT WE HAVE COMP>$ TO ! JUV5ILE DEL9QU5TS = !IR SAFE CON=MITY & COMPETITIVE 9DIVIDUALITY4 ,WE %ALL SEE ?AT ANO!R IMPORTANT TRAIT 9 COMMON IS HAV+ NO REAL ACTIVITY1 BUT LIV+ BY ROLE PLAY+4 

7,W4 ,H4 ,:YTE1 ,JR41 ! ,HESIOD ( ?IS TRIBE1 PLEADS = 9DIVIDUALITY TO (FSET ! CON=MITY ( ORGANIZATION LIFE4 ,HE1 RA!R CYNICALLY1 FAILS TO SEE ?AT SU* POL> 09DIVIDUALITY0 IS ! CON=MITY BY :I* A MAN ADVANCES2 IT IS ONE-UPP+4 ,! ONLY (FSET TO ! ORGANIZATION IS NATURE OR WOR?-:ILE OBJECTS2 BUT ! NECESS>Y1 USEFUL1 & PLEASANT1 & ! GOOD1 TRUE1 & BEAUTIFUL >E NOT MU* M5TION$ 9 HIS BOOK47 7#c7 ,AT ! TOP1 F9ALLY1 >E ! N9E HUNDR$ MANAG]S--FIGURE FROM ,=TUNE MAGAZ9E-- :OSE TASK IS TO M9IMIZE RISK & MAXIMIZE PRODUCTION & SALES4 ,ALSO ! FIFTY GOV]NORS1 ! F$]AL /AFF1 HEADS ( F\NDATIONS1 ETC4 

,IT WILL BE SE5 ?AT !SE ?REE /ATUSES 9 ! ORGANIZ$ SY/EM 7:I* 9CLUDES BIGG] BUS9ESS1 ORGANIZ$ LABOR1 5T]TA9M5T1 GOV]NM5T1 BIGG] $UCATION1 ETC47 >E 5GAG$ PRIM>ILY 9 KEEP+ ! SY/EM ITSELF RUNN+ & SL[LY EXP&+4 ,! MO/ SELF-AW>E ( ITS MEMB]S >E ! MIDDLE-/ATUS 9TELLECTUALS1 AMONG ! ADV]TIS+ M51 SALESM51 & JUNIOR EXECUTIVES2 & !Y DESCRIBE ! SY/EM AS ! ,RAT ,RACE4 ,SO ,W4 ,H4 ,:YTE1 ,JR4 ,J4 ,K4 ,GALBRAI?1 H[EV]1 DESCRIBES IT DIFF]5TLY3 0,AMONG ! MANY MODELS ( ! GOOD SOCIETY1 NO ONE HAS URG$ ! SQUIRREL :EEL40 ,IT IS 9T]E/+ TO CONTRA/ ! DIFF]5T SPECIES ( IMAG9$ ROD5TS BETWE5 ?OSE :O >E RUNN+ ! RACE & ! S*OL> :O IS CONTEMPLAT+ IT ) WOND]4 

,BUT !RE IS ANO!R L>GE CLASS3 ?OSE :O DO NOT PROP]LY BELONG TO ! SY/EM & >E NOT YET SUBM]G$ 9TO ! POOR 0\TSIDE0 ( SOCIETY3 ?IS IS ! VA/ H]D ( ! OLD-FA%ION$1 ! ECC5TRIC1 ! CRIM9AL1 ! GIFT$1 ! S]I\S1 ! M5 & WOM51 ! R5TI]S1 ! FREELANCES1 ! 9FANTS1 & SO =?4 ,?IS MOTLEY COLLECTION HAS1 ( C\RSE1 NO /YLE OR CULTURE1 UNLIKE ! ORGANIZATION ?AT HAS \R FAMILI> ,AM]ICAN /YLE & POPUL> CULTURE4 ,ITS FRAGM5T$ MEMB]S HOV] AB\T ! ORGANIZATION 9 MULTIF>I\S WAYS--RUNN+ SPECIALTY %OPS1 TRY+ TO TEA* OR TO GIVE O!R PR(ESSIONAL S]VICES1 ROBB+ BANKS1 L&SCAPE G>D5+1 & SO =?--BUT !Y F9D IT H>D TO GET ALONG1 = !Y DO NOT KN[ ! APPROV$ TE*NIQUES ( PROMOT+1 GETT+ F\NDATION GRANTS1 PROTECT+ !MSELVES BY (FICIAL UNIONS1 LEGALLY EMBEZZL+1 & NOT BLURT+ \T ! TRU? OR WEEP+ OR LAU<+ \T ( TURN4 ,!Y HAVE NO /YLE AT ALL1 & IT IS UND]/&ABLE ?AT NEI!R !Y NOR !IR USUALLY RA!R IRRELEVANT 5T]PRISES MAKE MU* HEADWAY 9 ! M>KET1 ! UNIV]SITIES1 5T]TA9M5T1 POLITICS1 OR LABOR4 ,BESIDES1 !Y (T5 SPEAK A M9ORITY LANGUAGE1 ,5GLI%4 

,?IS IS R\<LY ! CLASS /RUCTURE ( ,AM]ICA 9 ! MIDDLE ( ! TW5TIE? C5TURY4 ,IT SEEMS MO/ FUNCTIONAL TO SPEAK ( ?REE CLASSES1 ! ,POOR1 ! ,ORGANIZATION1 & ! ,9DEP5D5TS2 & ( ?REE /ATUSES )9 ! DOM9ANT CLASS1 ! ,ORGANIZATION4 ,VIZ43  
  

,I4 ,ORGANIZ$ ,SY/EM3  
  
  

#a4 ,WORK]S  
  
  

#b4 ,ORGANIZATION ,M5  
  
  

#c4 ,MANAG]S  
  
  

,I,I4 ,POOR  
  
  

,I,I,I4 ,9DEP5D5TS  

#f4 

  

,LET US RETURN N[ TO \R AL]T Y\NG MAN ( AV]AGE TO GOOD ATTA9M5TS & IMAG9E HIM GR[+ UP 9 & 9TO ?IS >5A4 ,MO/ LIKELY HE WILL GO TO WORK = AN ,ORGANIZATION1 9 A FACTORY OR S]VICE JOB1 MANUAL OR CL]ICAL1 ) ! CORRESPOND+ JOB ATTITUDE & WAY ( LIFE4 ,BUT IF HE HAS BE5 TO COLLEGE1 HE WILL LIKELY BE 9 ! SECOND /ATUS ( ! ORGANIZ$ SY/EM1 9 BUS9ESS MANAGEM5T1 COMMUNICATIONS1 SALES OR TE*NOLOGY1 ) ITS JOB ATTITUDE & WAY ( LIFE4 

,AFT] A FEW YE>S1 MANY SU* Y\NG M5 WILL P]CEIVE ?AT !Y >E 9 A ,RAT ,RACE4 ,! Y\NG WORK]S WILL P]CEIVE IT AS ! WORK SPE$S UP1 :5 !Y GET M>RI$1 AS !IR 9/ALLM5T PAYM5TS FALL DUE4 ,! ,ORGANIZATION ,MAN WILL P]CEIVE IT AS COMPETITION1 COMPANY PRESSURE TO CON=M1 ETC4 ,( !SE1 MO/ WILL RACE ON1 BUT A FEW WILL BALK & /OP RUNN+4 ,N[ :AT BECOMES ( !SE FEW8 

,!Y >E NOT LIKELY TO *OOSE ! O!R1 MOTLEY1 ALT]NATIVE ( TRY+ TO REMA9 9 SOCIETY 9DEP5D5T ( ! ORGANIZATION4 ,= !IR EXP]I5CE HAS BE5 DISILLUSION+4 ,!Y HAVE BECOME HIP4 7,WE %ALL SEE LAT] ?AT ?IS IS A PR(\NDLY ORGANIZATIONAL ATTITUDE47 ,!Y KN[ ?AT ! 9DEP5D5T UNORGANIZ$ >E UP AGA9/ IT2 = !Y HAVE LE>N$ TE*NIQUES ( PROMOTION & !Y DON'T ?9K MU*1 OR MU* ?9K1 ( O!R ME?ODS & K9DS ( RESULTS4 ,BUT TO BE HIP & CYNICAL >E NOT ATTITUDES ?AT PROMPT ONE TO MAKE A GO ON ONE'S [N4 ,IT IS NOT SURPRIS+ !N ?AT MANY ( ?OSE :O BALK 9 ! ,RAT ,RACE WILL VOLUNT>ILY *OOSE ! O!R REMA9+ POSSIBILITY1 POV]TY 0\TSIDE0 SOCIETY 7:E!R !Y *OOSE IT1 OR FALL 9TO IT1 COMES TO ! SAME ?+74 ,!SE1 NOT BOYS1 BUT E>LY DISILLUSION$1 HIP1 & RESIGN$ Y\NG M51 >E ! ,BEAT ,G5]ATION4 ,! ORGANIZATION !Y HAVE QUIT MAY BE ! >M$ =CES OR A UNIV]SITY ?AT !Y CANNOT COMP\ND )2 !SE T5D TO BE MORE NAIVE4 ,?OSE :O HAVE HAD EXP]I5CE ( WORK+ = A FIRM & MAK+ A PRETTY GOOD LIV+ T5D TO BE MORE CYNICAL4 

,NATURALLY ?IS CATACLYSMIC TRANSITION1 BETWE5 BE+ 9 & BE+ 0\TSIDE0 SOCIETY1 DOES NOT OCCUR )\T /RONG ACCOMPANY+ EMOTIONAL MOM5TS3 BETRAYALS 9 LOVE1 B+ES1 BL[UPS AT ! BOSS1 ADDICTION TO =BIDD5 HAUNTS & VICES4 ,BUT AT ?IS PO9T LET US /ICK TO ! SOCIAL /RUCTURE ( IT4 

#g4 

  

,IT IS RELEVANT TO 9TRODUCE ! ,BEAT ,G5]ATION 9 ?IS CONTEXT ( PRES5T-DAY POV]TY BECAUSE ! PRES5T-DAY COMPOSITION ( ! POOR 9 ,AM]ICA--,NEGROES1 ,PU]TO ,RICANS & ,MEXICANS1 MIGRANT F>M LABOR1 ) L>GE URBAN JUV5ILE DEL9QU5CY--HAS BE5 FATEFUL = ! P>TICUL> CULTURE ( !SE Y\NG FOLKS4 ,LET US TRY TO ANALYZE ! ACCID5TAL & ESS5TIAL 9FLU5CES1 AS AN 9T]E/+ EXAMPLE ( ACCULTURATION4 

,>TI/S & BOHEMIANS HAVE ALWAYS GRAVITAT$ TO ! BOTTOM ( ! 9COME PYRAMID4 ,IT IS *EAP] !RE4 ,!RE IS LESS TIMETABLE4 ,LIFE IS SIMPL] & MORE FACTUAL4 ,!SE FACTORS OP]ATE SOME:AT TODAY TOO1 BUT LESS SO1 BECAUSE 9 SOME WAYS IT N[ CO/S MORE TO BE POOR ?AN MODE/LY L[]-MIDDLE2 & 9 MANY ( !IR TA/ES1 E4G41 CLO!S1 C>S1 RECREATION1 & EV5 FOOD1 ! POOR >E EV5 MORE IDIOTIC ?AN ! AV]AGE4 ,SO LET US SEE :AT IS P>TICUL> 9 ! CULTURAL EFFECT ( PRES5T-DAY POV]TY ON PRES5T-DAY BOHEMIANS4 

7#a7 ,! ,AFRO-,NEGRO & ,SPANI%1 & A P>T ( ! MIGRANT & DEL9QU5T1 9FLU5CE ON ,BEAT CULTURE IS 9EVITABLE BUT ACCID5TAL4 ,RESIGN+1 ! ,BEATS HAVE *OS5 TO BE \TSIDE1 & ! PRES5T POOR HAPP5 TO BE ?OSE :O1 AS UNORGANIZ$ M9ORITIES1 >E \TSIDE :5 !Y >RIVE4 ,! POOR MI<T HAVE BE5 ,*9ESE2 ! N>COTICS MI<T HAVE BE5 DIFF]5T1 OR !RE MI<T HAVE BE5 SOME KICK O!R ?AN N>COTICS2 ! MUSIC MI<T HAVE BE5 SOME?+ O!R ?AN ,NEGRO JAZZ2 ! J>GON MI<T NOT HAVE HAD A ,NEGRO BASE2 & P]HAPS !RE MI<T BE LESS GO+ ON ! ROAD--?\< ?IS ANTS-9-!-PANTS MOV+ AB\T IS P]VASIVE 9 ,AM]ICAN SOCIETY4 7,SEE ,APP5DIX ,E47 ,:AT ,I AM SAY+ H]E WILL BE DEF9$ BY ! ,BEATS !MSELVES1 = TO !M EV]Y ASPECT ( !IR SC5E IS EQUALLY RELEVANT & PRECI\S4 ,BUT IF !SE ASPECTS ( !IR CULTURE W]E NOT ACCID5TAL1 SU* BRI<T & 9V5TIVE FELL[S W\LD BY N[ HAVE MADE MORE \T ( !M4 ,AS !Y PRACTICE !M1 ! BONGO DRUMS & JAZZ >E *ILDI%1 9 ! LI<T ( !IR KN[L$GE & ABILITIES4 ,! JAZZ-&-POETRY IS FEEBLE COMP>$ EV5 TO ! ,T,V COMM]CIAL J+LES ?AT !Y HAVE TURN$ AWAY FROM4 ,! JIVE LANGUAGE EMB>RASSES !IR POETRY4 ,! /YLE ( ! P>TICUL> DRUGS REMA9S CRUDE & EXP]IM5TAL4 ,MU* ( ! DEL9QU5CY R\SES 9 !M GUILT & FE>1 9/EAD ( DEFIANT APPROVAL OR CALM RI<TE\SNESS 7CONTRA/ ! /YLE & DEP? ( ,JEAN ,G5ET ) SIMIL> MAT]IAL74 

7#b7 ,ON ! O!R H&1 ! /RUCTURAL *>ACT]I/ICS ( PRES5T-DAY POOR SOCIETY--?OSE ?AT DID NOT ESPECIALLY BELONG TO ! POOR ( OLD] BOHEMIAS-->E ESS5TIAL 9 ! CULTURE ( ?OSE :O GRAVITATE TO !SE POOR1 = !Y TOO DO NOT 0BELONG40 ,!SE 9CLUDE3 ,\TCA/NESS & BE+ OBJECTS ( PREJUDICE4 ,GIV+ UP TRY+ TO EXPLA9 TO ?OSE :O1 (T5 LIT]ALLY1 DO NOT SPEAK ! SAME LANGUAGE4 ,PROTECTIVE EXCLUSIV5ESS & 9-GR\P LOYALTY4 ,FE> ( ! COPS4 ,ECONOMIC & JOB USELESSNESS4 ,C\RAGE\SLY TAK+ UP1 OR REMA9+ )1 SUB/ITUTES = COMMUNITY1 RA!R ?AN S9K+ 9 M]E RESIGNATION 7BUT ?IS C\RAGE IS COMMON TO MANY K9DS ( POOR74 ,EXOTIC1 OR AT LEA/ NOT-/&>D-,AM]ICAN1 >TS & FOLKWAYS4 

,!SE /RUCTURAL *>ACT]I/ICS ( ! PRES5T-DAY POOR >E ESS5TIAL 9 ,BEAT CULTURE4 ,AS1 CONTR>IWISE1 >E ! ORGANIZATIONAL *>ACT]I/ICS ( BE+ HIP & CONV9C$ ?AT SOCIETY IS A ,RAT ,RACE4 ,?IS COMB9ATION1 WE %ALL SEE1 MESM]IZES !M 9TO BEHAV+ AS ?\< !Y W]E TRAPP$ 9 A ,CLOS$ ,ROOM & MU/ LIVE ON !IR [N GUTS1 )\T AVAILABLE 5VIRONM5T4 

7#c7 ,BUT F9ALLY1 !RE >E ESS5TIAL TRAITS ( ,BEAT CULTURE ?AT GO C\NT] TO ! SOCIAL TRAITS ( ! POOR :OM !Y HAVE *OS54 ,!SE COMPRISE ! ESS5TIAL MORALITY1 & MORALS >E ACCULTURAT$ LEA/4 ,ONE /RIK+ TRAIT IS NONCON=MISM & TOL]ANCE 9 SEXUAL & RACIAL QUE/IONS & BEHAVIOR4 ,! POOR ,NEGROES OR ,PU]TO ,RICANS MAY BE E/RANG$ FROM ! /&>D CU/OMS & PREJUDICES1 BUT !Y >E ALL ! MORE N>R[ AB\T !IR [N4 ,9 ! CASE ( ! DEL9QU5TS1 ( C\RSE1 ?IS N>R[ CON=MITY IS SO EXTRAVAGANT AS TO BE DANG]\S3 !Y CANNOT 9W>DLY TOL]ATE ANY?+ ?AT H9TS ?AT !IR [N IMAGE ( P]FECTION IS QUE/IONABLE4 ,IT IS H>D TO BE SURE1 BUT MY IMPRESSION IS ?AT ! POOR ( O!R TIMES1 AT ! BOTTOM BUT 9 SOCIETY1 W]E AMONG ! MO/ TOL]ANT4 ,H>D KNOCKS HAD TAU<T !M TO LIVE & LET LIVE2 & !Y DID NOT NE$ TO PROTECT !IR REPRESSIONS SO MU* AS ! \TCA/ POOR4 ,9 ?IS RESPECT ! ,BEATS >E MORE LIKE ! OLD-FA%ION$ POOR1 & ?IS ( C\RSE MAKES IT EASI] & MORE PR(ITABLE = !M TO BE POOR4 

,?IS BR+S US TO ANO!R /RIK+ DIFF]5CE4 ,DESPITE HAV+ M9ORITY TRADITIONS ( !IR [N1 \R PRES5T POOR >E ABSOLUTE %EEP & SUCK]S = ! POPUL> CULTURE :I* !Y CANNOT AF=D1 ! MOVIES1 %>P CLO!S1 & UP TO ,CADILLACS4 ,9DE$1 IT IS LIKELY ?AT ! POPUL> CULTURE IS AIM$ SOME:AT AT !M1 AS ! L[E/ COMMON D5OM9ATOR4 ,I DO NOT MEAN ?AT ?IS IS NOT A REASONABLE COMP5SATION1 LIKE ! ,5GLI%MAN'S LIQUOR & ! ,IRI%MAN'S BETT+ ON ! HORSES4 ,EV]YBODY HAS GOT TO HAVE SOME?+1 & SO POOR PEOPLE %[ (F & FEEL BIG BY MEANS ( ! /&>D ( LIV+4 ,BUT 9 !SE CIRCUM/ANCES IT IS IMM5SELY ADMIRABLE ?AT ! ,BEAT ,G5]ATION HAS CONTRIV$ A PATT]N ( CULTURE ?AT1 TURN+ AGA9/ ! /&>D CULTURE1 CO/S V]Y LITTLE & GIVES LIVELI] SATISFACTION4 ,IT IS A CULTURE COMMUNALLY %>$1 9 SMALL GR\PS4 ,MU* ( IT IS H&MADE1 NOT CANN$4 ,SOME ( IT IS COMMUNALLY IMPROVIS$4 ,WE %ALL SPEAK LAT] AB\T ! LIMITATIONS ( ?IS PROC$URE & ! WEAKNESS ( ITS PRODUCTS2 BUT ! FACT ( IT1 ( A CULTURE ?AT IS COMMUNAL & T5D+ T[>D ! CREATIVE1 IS SO CAPITAL ?AT IT MU/ HAVE A FUTURE1 & IT IS WOR? :ILE TO /UDY ITS GR\ND+ & ECONOMY4 

#h4 

  

,BEAT ECONOMICS UND]L9E HUMAN DIFFICULTIES PECULI> TO ! MOD]N-,AM]ICAN-/&>D ECONOMY4 ,! ,BEATS HAVE A MY/IQUE ( ,VOLUNT>Y ,POV]TY4 ,BUT H[ TO GET ALONG AT ALL 9 A HI<-/&>D ECONOMY IF ONE HAS DROPP$ 0\TSIDE0 & HAS NO 9C5TIVE TO WORK & 0MAKE GOOD08 

,9 \R TIMES1 ! DI/9CTION BETWE5 ,CASE ,POV]TY1 DUE TO ILLNESS1 ACCID5TS1 OR P]SONALITY DEFECTS1 & ,CLASS ,POV]TY1 DUE TO SOCIAL UND]PRIVILEGE1 DOESN'T AM\NT TO MU*4 ,P]SONAL & SOCIAL PLAY 9TO EA* O!R4 ,= IT C\LD BE ASK$3 ,:Y WASN'T ! ACCID5T 9SUR$8 ,:AT SOCIAL CONDITIONS =M$ SU* A C>ELESS P]SONALITY8 ,OR1 CONV]SELY1 ,DOESN'T ! POOR CLASS HAVE1 ECONOMICALLY1 A P]SONALITY DEFECT8 7,JU/ AS 9 ! ,PROTE/ANT ,E?IC ! POOR HAD A !OLOGICAL DEFECT2 BUT ( C\RSE IT IS ALSO P]SI/5TLY TRUE ?AT 0ONLY ! POOR >E SAV$407 ,LIKEWISE1 ! OLD MONA/IC CONCEPT ( VOLUNT>Y POV]TY IS NO LONG] MU* DI/+UI%ABLE FROM EI!R CASE POV]TY OR CLASS POV]TY1 = IT HAPP5S ?AT A P]SON CANNOT CONT9UE ! ,RAT ,RACE1 IT MAKES HIM SICK2 & HE *OOSES \T1 TO SURVIVE4 ,ANO!R MAN W\LD LIKE TO BE RI* & FAM\S & HE WORKS H>D2 BUT HE CANNOT WORK O!RWISE ?AN ! WORK DEM&S1 BUT SU* WORK MI<T NOT BE M>KETABLE2 SO HE C\LD BE SAID TO 0*OOSE0 POV]TY4 ,9 AN ORGANIZ$ SY/EM1 ALL POOR T5D TO BE ! SAME POOR4 7,! SAME BLURR+ ( DI/9CTIONS HAS OCCURR$ BETWE5 0POLITICAL0 & 0COMMON0 CRIM9ALS4 ,AS SOCIETY BECOMES MORE CLOSE-KNIT & TOTAL1 A CRIM9AL ACT MAY WELL BE A DUMB POLITICAL GE/URE1 & POLITICAL PROTE/ IS C]TA9LY TAK5 AS CRIM9AL4 ,SO ! AN>*I/ PHILOSOPH] REFUS$ TO DI/+UI% BETWE5 !SE & SAID1 0,AS LONG AS ONE ( !SE IS 9 JAIL1 ,I AM NOT FREE407 

,IT MAKES LITTLE DIFF]5CE1 !N1 :E!R A Y\NG FELL[ *OOSES HIS LOT OR IS CA/ AMONG ! POOR2 ESPECIALLY IF1 BE+ !RE1 HE SOON TAKES ON HABITS :I* MAKE IT DIFFICULT = HIM1 OR UNATTRACTIVE TO HIM1 TO BELONG TO ! SY/EM4 

,SUPPOSE1 !N1 ?AT ) PRETTY GOOD AW>5ESS \R SC>R$ Y\NG MAN IS N[ CONFIRM$ POOR4 ,HE MU/ /ILL FACE ! PROBLEM ( VOCATION & MONEY4 ,ON !SE PO9TS ! WRIT]S ON ! ,BEAT ,G5]ATION >E CONFUS$4 ,= ONE ?+1 !Y HAVE A FALSE NOTION ?AT ! K9D ( >TI/IC ACTIVITY ?AT PROLIF]ATES AMONG ! ,BEATS IS >T1 & GIVES ! JU/IFICATION ( >T AS A VOCATION4 ,IT IS NOT >T BUT SOME?+ ELSE1 & !Y DO NOT BEHAVE AS IF !Y W]E JU/IFI$ BY IT4 7,WE %ALL RETURN TO ?IS LAT] AT L5G?47 

,! PROBLEM ( MONEY1 AGA91 SEEMS SIMPLE1 BUT IS NOT4 ,9 VOLUNT>Y POV]TY ! PROBLEM IS TO GET 5\< TO SUBSI/4 7,MONEY IS CALL$ 0BREAD407 ,BUT H[8 ,9 HIS BOOK ,! ,HOLY ,B>B>IANS1 ,LAWR5CE ,LIPTON GIVES A CONSID]ABLE LI/ ( JOBS ?AT ,BEATS TAKE1 G5]ALLY TEMPOR>ILY4 ,! PR9CIPLE IS ?AT ANY?+ WILL DO4 ,A FELL[ MI<T WORK 9 ! ORGANIZ$ SY/EM1 E4G41 DRESS+ A W9D[ AT ,MACY'S2 BUT1 IT IS >GU$1 HE W\LD NOT !REBY BE 9 ! ,RAT ,RACE1 BECAUSE HE JU/ WANTS 0BREAD0 & WILL QUIT4 ,NATURALLY ,MACY'S DIDN'T KN[ ?IS :5 !Y HIR$ HIM1 SO HE'S US+ !M1 NOT !Y HIM4 ,?IS MI<T COME TO PRET5D+ TO CON=M RA!R ELABORATELY1 = ! SY/EM IS TOTAL2 E4G41 A FELL[ WILL GET ! JOB IF HE %AVES (F HIS BE>D4 ,WORK IS NO DIFF]5T FROM %OPLIFT+4 ,ONE PLAYS ROLES & IS HIP4 7,MONEY IS N[ CALL$ 0LOOT407 

,:AT IS NOT UND]/OOD 9 ?IS =M ( REASON+ IS ?AT PLAY+ ROLES & BE+ HIP 9 ?IS WAY IS V]Y NE>LY ! SAME AS BE+ AN ,ORGANIZATION ,MAN1 = HE DOESN'T MEAN IT EI!R4 ,OBVI\SLY ! ,HOLY ,B>B>IAN IS H]E ON %AKY GR\ND4 ,GETT+ HIS 0LOOT10 HE IS AN EXPLOIT] ( LABOR1 BUT ONLY A LITTLE BIT4 7,! 9TEGRAL AIM ( USEFUL MAN'S-WORK IS NOT M5TION$ BY ,LIPTON47 

,LET ME MAKE A CLOSE ANALOGY--SO CLOSE ?AT IT IS PROBABLY AN ID5TITY--BETWE5 ! JOB 9 VOLUNT>Y POV]TY & ! S]VICE 9 W>TIME ?AT A PACIFI/ CAN AGREE TO P]=M4 ,NE>LY ANY CIVILIAN JOB ?AT A MAN DOES ADVANCES ! W>4 ,IF HE PICKS BEANS HE REPLACES A F>M] = ! W> FACTORY4 ,PACIFI/S HAVE COMMONLY ACCEPT$ SU* A JOB AS ATT5DANT 9 A HOSPITAL1 :I* IS UND]/AFF$ ANYWAY4 ,?IS IS NOT A PETTY PROBLEM1 = :5 ! EVIL1 AS !Y SEE IT1 IS G5]AL & CLOSE-KNIT1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO PRES]VE ONE'S P]SONAL 9TEGRITY IF ONLY TO 9FLU5CE ! FUTURE :5 ! EM]G5CY IS PA/4 ,ANYONE :O DOES NOT UND]/& ?IS & ! HAIRSPLITT+ 9VOLV$1 WILL NOT UND]/& +5U\S Y\?4 ,DUR+ ! LA/ GREAT W> MANY A Y\NG FELL[ W5T TO A CONSCI5TI\S-OBJECTOR'S CAMP 9 ORD] TO AVOID W> WORK1 & !N LEFT ! CAMP 9 DISGU/ & W5T TO JAIL BECAUSE ! CAMP WORK WAS BOONDOGGL+4 

,AMONG SOME ( ! ,BEATS1 SU* A PR9CIPLE ( 9TEGRITY IS CLE>LY OP]AT+ 9 ! *OICE ( JOB4 ,TO RECAPITULATE AN E>LI] P>AGRAPH 9 ?IS *APT]3 ,MANY ( ! HUMBLE JOBS ( ! POOR >E PRECISELY NOT USELESS 7OR EXPLOIT+74 ,F>M LABOR1 HAUL+ BOXES1 JANITOR+1 S]V+ & DI% WA%+1 MESS5G]--!SE JOBS RESI/ ! IMPUTATION ( USELESSNESS 7OR EXPLOITATION7 MADE AGA9/ ! PRODUCTIVE SOCIETY AS A :OLE4 ,!SE >E PREF]R$ ,BEAT JOBS4 ,= ONE ?+1 9 !M NO QUE/IONS >E ASK$ & NO BE>DS HAVE TO BE %AV$4 ,NOR IS ?IS AN ACCID5TAL CONNECTION4 ,P]SONAL FRE$OM GOES ) UNQUE/ION$ MORAL UTILITY ( ! JOB1 = AT ! LEVEL ( SIMPLE PHYSICAL EF=T OR P]SONAL S]VICE1 ! FRAUDUL5T CON=MITY ( ! ORGANIZ$ SY/EM SOMETIMES DOES NOT YET OP]ATE2 ! JOB SPEAKS = ITSELF4 

,BUT ON ! O!R H&1 SU* JOBS1 BE+ H>D & USEFUL1 >E ! MO/ MIS]ABLY EXPLOIT$4 ,E4G41 HOSPITAL WORK]S :O /RUCK = A UNION 9 #aiei 9 ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY W]E GETT+ @s#c#d A WEEK--! M9IMUM WAGE NOT APPLY+ BECAUSE !Y W]E 9 ELEEMOSYN>Y 9/ITUTIONS6 ,MIGRATORY F>M]S AV]AGE LESS ?AN @s#i A YE> & >E NOT WELCOME 9 ! NEI<BORHOOD4 ,! BIG MONEY IS 9 ! SY/EM4 ,SO UNORGANIZ$ WAGES >E L[4 ,YET ! PRICE ( SUBSI/5CE AT ! M>KET IS /&>D HI<4 ,TAK+ SU* A JOB1 A MAN LOSES HIS FRE$OM1 HE NEV] /OPS WORK+4 ,HE IS US$ & MADE A FOOL ( BY ! SY/EM1 & ?IS IS 9 ITSELF DI%ONORABLE4 ,?IS IS ! DILEMMA ( VOLUNT>Y POV]TY 9 \R SOCIETY3 EI!R TO COMPROMISE ONE'S 9TEGRITY 7BUT !N :Y BO!R871 OR TO BE ABUS$ & MADE A FOOL (4 

7,AS ONE WAY \T1 LET ME RECOMM5D ,S*EME ,I,I,I ( ,COMMUNITAS1 BY MY BRO!R & MYSELF4 ,WE SUGGE/ DIVID+ ! ECONOMY 9TO TWO P>TS3 ! SUBSI/5CE ECONOMY & ! HI<-/&>D ECONOMY4 ,9 ! SUBSI/5CE P>T1 RUN ABSOLUTELY = USE1 EV]YBODY WILL WORK LESS ?AN ONE YE> 9 SEV5 & BE GU>ANTE$ HIS SUBSI/5CE = LIFE4 ,! RE/ ( ! TIME HE CAN WORK 9 ! HI<-/&>D ECONOMY = HI< WAGES1 OR DO NO?+ AT ALL1 AS HE PLEASES4 ,?IS PLAN W\LD SEEM EXACTLY TO MEET ! NE$ ( VOLUNT>Y POV]TY3 TO WORK ) P]FECT 9TEGRITY AT ! ABSOLUTELY NECESS>Y1 & TO HAVE ! MAXIMUM ( FRE$OM = NONECONOMICAL ACTIVITY47 

#i4 

  

,TO SUM UP3 ,9 !SE FIR/ *APT]S \R Y\? IS ALREADY FAIRLY GR[N-UP 7FIFTE5 TO TW5TY-FIVE YE>S OLD71 & CONFRONT+ ! EXT]NAL & DEF9ITE PROBLEMS ( JOBS & MONEY4 ,WE HAVE SE5 :AT K9DS ( OPPORTUNITIES >E OP5 TO HIM1 EI!R 9 OR \T ( ! ORGANIZ$ SY/EM1 & :AT K9D ( PUBLIC ATT5TION HE CAN EXPECT IF HE MAKES A NUISANCE ( HIMSELF4 

,MY EMPHASIS SO F> HAS BE5 ON UND]PRIVILEG$ CONDITIONS1 BECAUSE WE HAVE BE5 DISCUSS+ 0PROBLEMATIC0 CASES 0\TSIDE0 ( SOCIETY4 ,9 ! FOLL[+ *APT]S1 H[EV]1 :5 WE TURN TO ! E>LI] & *>ACT]-MOLD+ FACTORS ?AT IMP$E GR[?1 WE %ALL SEE ?AT !Y APPLY EV5 MORE P>TICUL>LY TO 0UNPROBLEMATIC0 Y\?1 :E!R GR[+ UP 9 ! MIDDLE CLASS OR ! WORK+ CLASS4 7,I DO NOT M5TION ! UPP] CLASS SIMPLY BECAUSE ITS NUMB]S >E FEW & IT /&S = NO?+4 ,ALL IDEOLOGY & CULTURE 9 ,AM]ICA AT PRES5T SPR+S FROM ! MIDDLE /ATUS ( ! ORGANIZ$ SY/EM47 

,MY ?\<T IS ?AT ! AV]AGE ADJU/$ BOY IS1 IF ANY?+1 MORE HUMANLY WA/$ ?AN ! DISAFFECT$4 ,SO LET US GO ON TO DISCUSS HIS /UPIDITY1 HIS LACK ( PATRIOTISM1 HIS SEXUAL CONFUSION1 & HIS LACK ( FAI?4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aiei 3 ,*APT] #c -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #f1 #bba 3 ,*APT] #c -- ,ADD$4 

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