,P>T #b1 ,*APT] #aa ,NEW ,RADICAL ,P]SPECTIVES ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,NGO ,VAN ,XUYET ,TRANSLATOR 3 ,K5 ,KNABB ,TRANSLATOR 3 ,HEL5E ,FLEURY ,TEXT 3 ,*APT] #a#a3 ,NEW ,RADICAL ,P]SPECTIVES ,9 #aidh MY FRI5D ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,NAM HAD TOLD ME ?AT :5 ,I GOT TO ,P>IS ,I %\LD CONTACT ,SANIA ,GONT>B]T4 ,SANIA RAN ! T9Y ,CAMEE ,BOOK%OP NE> ! ,C>REF\R DES ,GOBEL9S 9 ! #a#c? ,>RONDISSEM5T4 ,9 HIS MEMOIRS HE LAT] DESCRIB$ \R FIR/ MEET+3 0,! %OP DOOR OP5$ & 9 CAME A TALL1 ?9 ,9DO*9ESE MAN :O HAD JU/ >RIV$ FROM ,SAIGON & :O1 AMAZ+LY 5\<1 HAD MY ADDRESS4 ,?IS WAS ! BEG9N+ ( MY LONG FRI5D%IP ) ,VAN40 ,IT WAS HE :O RECEIV$ = ME ! PACKAGES ( RICE S5T FROM ,SAIGON4 ,R]EAD+ ,M>X 7ILLUM9AT$ BY ! WORK ( ,MAXIMILI5 ,RUBEL71 DISCOV]+ ! EXI/5CE ( ! ,C\NCILI/ ,REPUBLIC ( ,BAV>IA 7#a#i#a#h-#a#i#a#i7 & ( ! ,KRON/ADT REVOLT 9 ,RUSSIA 7#a#i#b#a71 & !N SEE+ ! RESURG5CE ( WORK]S C\NCILS 9 ,HUNG>Y 9 #a#i#e#f1 L$ ME TO 9VE/IGATE NEW REVOLUTION>Y P]SPECTIVES & P]MAN5TLY DI/ANC$ ME FROM ,BOL%EVISM-,L59ISM-,TROTSKYISM4 ,I DEVELOP$ A TOTAL DI/RU/ ( ANY?+ ?AT MITIES0 7,L59I/ P>TIES 9 P>TICUL>7 >E EMBRYONIC =MS ( ! /ATE4 ,ONCE 9 P[]1 !SE P>TIES =M ! NUCLEUS ( A NEW RUL+ CLASS & BR+ AB\T NO?+ MORE ?AN A NEW SY/EM ( EXPLOITATION4 ,9 ,FRANCE ,I F\ND NEW ALLIES 9 ! FACTORIES & ELSE:]E1 AMONG ,FR5* PEOPLE1 COLONIZ$ PEOPLE1 & REFUGEES FROM ! ,SPANI% ,CIVIL ,W> ( #a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#i -- AN>*I/S & ,P\MI/AS :O HAD GONE ?R\< A P>ALLEL EXP]I5CE TO \RS4 ,9 ,VIETNAM1 AS 9 ,SPA91 WE HAD BE5 5GAG$ 9 A SIMULTANE\S BATTLE ON TWO FRONTS3 AGA9/ A REACTION>Y P[] & AGA9/ A ,/AL9I/ P>TY /RUGGL+ = P[]4 ,S9CE >RIV+ 9 ,FRANCE ,I HAD /OPP$ TAK+ ANY?+ = GRANT$4 ,RA!R ?AN MEEKLY FOLL[+ ?OSE :O PREC$$ US1 ,I FELT ?AT WE NE$$ TO GO BEYOND !M1 TO /& ON !IR %\LD]S SO WE C\LD SCAN MORE DI/ANT HORIZONS4 ,BUT H[ TO DO ?IS8 ,?IS & SO MANY O!R QUE/IONS ?AT HAD CONT9UALLY GNAW$ AT ME W]E N[ F9ALLY ANSW]$ 9 ! LIVELY & FRUITFUL DISCUSSIONS ) MY NEW FRI5D ,SANIA4 ,UNTIL !N1 9 ,P>IS ,I HAD SOMETIMES FELT ! ISOLATION ( A LONE SURVIVOR AS ,I LOOK$ BACK ON MY PA/ 9 ,9DO*9A4 ,MY FRI5DS & ,I HAD NOT ONLY F\TY4 ,MY 5C\NT] ) ,SANIA HELP$ ME TO UND]/& & REASSESS MY PREVI\S HI/ORY4 ,SC>CELY T5 YE>S HAD ELAPS$ S9CE ! ,OCTOB] #aiag REVOLUTION 9 ,RUSSIA :51 9 #a#i#b#g1 AT ! AGE ( #a#d1 ,I HAD GONE TO ,SAIGON TO WORK & HAD BECOME DIRECTLY AW>E ( ! OPPRESSIVE REALITY ( ,9DO*9ESE SOCIETY4 ,= ME1 LIKE SO MANY O!RS1 ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION WAS A SIGN FULL ( HOPE = A POSSIBLE LIB]ATION4 ,YET EV5 !N1 DUR+ ?OSE E>LY YE>S ( MY APPR5TICE%IP 9 LIFE & REVOLT1 ! R>E NEWS ?AT REA*$ US FROM ,RUSSIA SOMETIMES CONTA9$ DI/URB+ FEATURES4 ,!RE1 TOO1 OPPOSITIONI/ REVOLUTION>IES W]E BE+ HUNT$ D[N & ,TROTSKY HAD JU/ BE5 =C$ 9TO EXILE4 ,?R\< ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL1 ,/AL9 WAS IMPOS+ A TOTALIT>IAN POLICY ?AT SEEM$ TO MY FRI5DS & ME TO BETRAY ! MO/ PRECI\S ASPECT ( \R REVOLUTION>Y 5GAGEM5T3 A FRAT]NAL 9T]NATIONALISM AMONG ALL ! EXPLOIT$ ( ! WORLD4 ,UND] ?OSE CIRCUM/ANCES1 CONFRONT$ ) ! EM]G5CE ( A REGIME :OSE FULL HORROR BECAME GL>+LY EVID5T ) ! ,MOSC[ ,TRIALS1 IT WAS NATURAL ?AT \R CRITIQUE ( ,/AL9ISM WAS 9ITIALLY ORI5T$ >\ND ! IDEAS & P>TISANS ( ,TROTSKY4 ,BUT S9CE MY REC5T DEP>TURE FROM ,9DO*9A 9 #a#i#d#h1 IF ! HOPE & CONVICTION ( ! NECESSITY ( OV]?R[+ ! DESPICABLE WORLD ORD] NEV] LEFT ME1 !Y W]E N\RI%$ BY NEW REFLECTIONS ON ,BOL%EVISM & REVOLUTION4 ,IT WAS ?US ) GREAT JOY & RELIEF ?AT ,I MET PEOPLE :O HAD PASS$ ?R\< DIV]SE EXP]I5CES YET HAD 5D$ UP ASK+ ! SAME QUE/IONS4 ,SANIA 9TRODUC$ ME TO ! ,UNION ,\VRI]E ,9T]NATIONALE 7,U,O,I7 .<,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK]S' ,ASSOCIATION.>1 A GR\P =M$ 9 #aidh BY MILITANTS :O HAD BROK5 ) ,TROTSKYISM FOLL[+ ! SPLIT ( ! ,9T]NATIONALI/ ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY JU/ AFT] ! W>4 ,SANIA & ,I TOOK P>T 9 REGUL> MEET+S ( ?IS GR\P 9 ,$G> ,PES*'S SMALL ROOM AT #e ,RUE ,CLAVEL 9 ! #a#i? ,>RONDISSEM5T4 ,AT !SE MEET+S ,I CAME TO KN[ ,JACQUES ,GALLI5NE1 ,SOPHIE ,MO51 ,LAMB]T ,DORNI]1 ,B5JAM9 ,PE]T & ,MANUEL ,MUNIS4 ,!RE W]E O!R GR\P MEMB]S1 SU* AS ,M>CEL ,P5NETI]1 ,MANGANO & ,BILBAO1 :OM ,I NEV] MET4 ,SOME O!R PEOPLE LAT] JO9$ ! GR\P1 9CLUD+ TWO REFUGEES FROM ! ,SPANI% ,CIVIL ,W>1 ,AGU/9 ,RODRIGUEZ & ,JAIME ,F]N&EZ1 & TWO ( MY ,9DO*9ESE FRI5DS1 ,LUC & ,PHUC4 ,$G> ,PES* GAVE ME COPIES ( HIS ,CAHI]S DE LA ,P5SEE1 A J\RNAL ?AT HE PUBLI%$ DEAL+ ) ISSUES SU* AS EXI/5TIALISM1 ,M>XISM1 & ! PSY*OANALYTICAL 9T]PRETATION ( MAGIC1 AS WELL AS HIS BOOK ,FREUD ET LA ,PSY*ANALYSE 7,BORDAS1 #a#i#d#h74 ,9 ISSUE _?#b ( ITS BULLET9 ,LA ,BATAILLE ,9T]NATIONALE .<,! ,9T]NATIONAL ,BATTLE.> 7,OCTOB] #a#i#e#a7 ! ,U,O,I CRITICIZ$ ! ,VIETNAMESE ,TROTSKYI/S 9 ,FRANCE = !IR SLOGAN 0,DEF5D ! GOV]NM5T ( ,HO ,*I ,M9H AGA9/ ! ATTACKS ( IMP]IALISM10 :I* !Y HAD ADOPT$ DESPITE ! ASSASS9ATION ( ALMO/ ALL !IR COMRADES 9 ,VIETNAM BY ,HO ,*I ,M9H'S HIR$ ?UGS4 ,! ,TROTSKYI/S :O SUPPORT$ ,HO ,*I ,M9H W]E ACT+ LIKE A HANG$ MAN CL++ TO HIS ROPE4 ,9 ! 0,OP9ION0 SECTION ( ! ,TROTSKYI/ PAP] ,TI5G ,?O 7,WORK]S' ,VOICE71 ,OCTOB] #c1 #a#i#e#a1 ,I SC&ALIZ$ ! ,TROTSKYI/S ) MY >TICLE ON ! ,9DO*9A ,W> 7SIGN$ ,DONG ,VU73 0,WORK]S & ,PEASANTS1 ,TURN ,Y\R ,GUNS 9 ! ,O!R ,DIRECTION60 ,I WAS AW>E ?AT MO/ ( ! ,TROTSKYI/S W\LD PAY NO ATT5TION TO :AT ,I SAID1 BUT ,I C\LDN'T RESI/ TELL+ !M :AT ,I ?\ AGA9/ ! COLONIZ]S HAD 5ABL$ ,HO ,*I ,M9H TO DEVELOP A SUP]IOR MILIT>Y =CE1 :I* HE US$ TO CRU% ! O!R GR\PS /RUGGL+ AGA9/ COLONIAL RECONQUE/1 ALONG ) ANY O!R OPPOSITION1 & TO EX]T AN ABSOLUTE HEGEMONY OV] ! CONDUCT ( ! RESI/ANCE4 ,HIS UND]GR\ND GOV]NM5T HAD BECOME 9TEGRAT$ 9TO ! ,S9O-,RUSSIAN BLOC ?AT WAS /RUGGL+ AGA9/ ! ,WE/]N BLOC1 SO ?AT ! ,9DO*9A ,W> WAS TAK+ PLACE 9 ! CONTEXT ( ! ,COLD ,W> BETWE5 ! TWO IMP]IALI/ BLOCS4 ,I ?\Y ,CORPS & ITS LACKEY1 ! ,BAO ,DAI GOV]NM5T1 ! SOLDI]S %\LD BE URG$ TO TURN !IR WEAPONS AGA9/ !IR [N G5]ALS4 ,9 ! C\NTRYSIDE1 :]E ,HO ,*I ,M9H & HIS ,VIETM9H W]E KEEP+ ! POOR PEASANTS UND] ! YOKE ( ! L&[N]S1 ?OSE PEASANTS %\LD REVOLT 9 ORD] TO REALIZE !IR OLD DREAMS ( LIB]ATION1 EXEMPLIFI$ 9 ! #a#i#c-#a#i#c#a PEASANT SOVIETS ( ,NK A *A9 REACTION AMONG O!R PROLET>IANS ALL OV] ! PLANET4 ,TO ?IS ! ,TROTSKYI/S 9 ,FRANCE REPLI$3 0,:ILE WE HAVE C]TA9 POLITICAL DIFF]5CES ) ! ,HO ,*I ,M9H GOV]NM5T1 WE SUPPORT IT 9 ! CURR5T /AGE ( RESI/ANCE AGA9/ IMP]IALISM40 ,!Y %\LD HAVE ADD$3 0444 AS LONG AS ,HO ,*I ,M9H LEAVES \R HEAD ON \R %\LD]S40 ,! ,U,O,I BROKE UP 9 #a#i#e#b4 ,SOON AFT]W>DS ,SOPHIE1 ,SANIA1 ,LAMB]T1 ,AGU/91 ,PES*1 ,GUY ,P]R>D & ,I GA!R$ 9TO A NEW1 LESS =MAL GR\P >\ND ,MAXIMILI5 ,RUBEL4.<#g#b.> ,I HAD ALREADY BE5 FAMILI> ) ,MAXIME'S WRIT+S4 ,9 ! ,SAIGON UND]GR\ND 9 ! #a#i#cS ,I HAD /RUGGL$ TO UND]/& ! FIR/ VOLUME ( ,CAPITAL 9 ! ,CO/ES $ITION -- A /UDY ?AT WAS 9T]RUPT$ 9 #aicf :5 ! ,SU]TE CONFISCAT$ MY BOOKS4 ,9 ,FRANCE ,I HAD DISCOV]$ ,PAGES *OISIES DE ,K>L ,M>X1 P\R UNE E?IQUE SOCIALI/E .<,SELECT$ ,PASSAGES ( ,K>L ,M>X3 ,= A ,SOCIALI/ ,E?IC.>1 $IT$ BY ,MAXIMILI5 ,RUBEL 7#a#i#d#h74 ,= AN EPIGRAPH1 ,MAXIME HAD *OS5 AN A/ONI%+ QUOTATION BY ,M>X HIMSELF3 0,ONE ?+ = SURE3 ,I AM NOT A ,M>XI/40 ,?IS 9SPIR$ ME TO REEXPLORE ,M>X DUR+ MY FIR/ YE>S 9 ,P>IS1 :I* HELP$ ME TO GET OV] MY FEEL+S ( CONFUSION & HELPLESSNESS FOLL[+ ! TRAGIC EV5TS ( #aide 9 ,SAIGON4 ,I HAD ?US ALREADY HAD A C]TA9 CONNECTION ) ,MAXIME EV5 BE=E ,I MET HIM4 ,MAXIME NOT$ ?AT 9 ! N9ETE5? C5TURY !RE W]E O!R ?9K]S CONTEMPOR>Y ) ,M>X1 09CORRUPTIBLE & PITILESS JUDGES ( !IR ]A0 SU* AS ,SOR5 ,KI]KEGA>D OR ,FRI$RI* ,NIETZS*E4 7,NGUY5 ,AN ,N9H1 ! REVOLUTION>Y :O HAD AWAK5$ MY [N CONSCI\SNESS 9 #a#i#b#f-#a#i#b#i1 HAD BE5 /RONGLY 9FLU5C$ BY ,NIETZS*E47 ,!SE ?9K]S HAD ESP\S$ 0NEW SETS ( VALUES1 NEW REASONS = LIV+1 NEW NORMS = ACT+1 A NEW E?IC40 ,BUT ,MAXIME /RESS$ ?AT IT WAS ,M>X :O HAD TRULY EMBODI$ ! ,PROME!AN FAI? 70,I HATE ALL GODS07 & :O HAD CONCEIV$ ( LIFE AS A PROJECT ( BUILD+ A G5U9E HUMAN COMMUNITY H]E ON E>?4 ,! ,M>XIAN E?IC IS *>ACT]IZ$ BY ITS AMORALISM & BY ITS ESS5TIALLY PRAGMATIC APPROA*4 ,LIKE ,SP9OZA1 ,M>X BR\X ALSO BR\X TOOK AN 9CREAS+LY RADICAL DIRECTION1 TO ! PO9T ( TRANS=M+ ?IS CRITIQUE 9TO A PURE & SIMPLE NEGATION ( ! /ATE4 ,AL?\< ,M>X NEV] US$ ! T]M1 AT ITS DEEPE/ LEVEL HIS CRITIQUE ESS5TIALLY AM\NTS TO AN>*ISM4 ,9 HIS LAT] BOOK1 ,M>X CRITIQUE DU M>XISME .<,M>X AS A ,CRITIC ( ,M>XISM.> 7#a#i#g#e71 ,MAXIME QUOTES ! FOLL[+ PASSAGE FROM ,M>X3 0,ALL SOCIALI/S RECOGNIZE ?AT 'AN>*Y' IS ! GOAL ( ! PROLET>IAN MOVEM5T2 ?AT ONCE CLASSES HAVE BE5 ABOLI%$1 /ATE P[]1 :OSE PURPOSE IS TO KEEP ! GREAT MAJORITY ( PRODUC]S 9 BONDAGE TO A SMALL EXPLOIT] M9ORITY1 WILL DISAPPE> & GOV]NM5TAL FUNCTIONS WILL BE TRANS=M$ 9TO SIMPLE ADM9I/RATIVE FUNCTIONS0 7,FICTITI\S ,SPLITS 9 ! ,9T]NATIONAL1 #a#h#g#b74 ,MAXIME REPEAT$LY /RESS$ & ILLU/RAT$ ?IS ESS5TIAL S5T5CE ( ,M>X3 0,! EXI/5CE ( ! /ATE & ! EXI/5CE ( SLAV]Y >E 9SEP>ABLE40 ,MAXIME ALSO /RESS$ ?AT WE NE$$ TO BECOME MORE FAMILI> ) ! GR\P+S ?AT HAD BE5 ELIM9AT$ BY ! L>GE1 (FICIAL POLITICAL & LABOR-UNION ORGANIZATIONS4 ,!IR IDEAS & ACTIONS HAD BE5 COMPLETELY SMO!R$4 ,IT W\LD BE GOOD TO BR+ ?OSE POSITIONS BACK 9TO VIEW1 IF ONLY TO DEMON/RATE ?AT \R [N POSITIONS W]E P>T ( A TRADITION & ?AT :AT C]TA9 GR\PS SEEM$ TO BE DISCOV]+ TODAY WAS 9 NO WAY NEW4 ,WE NE$$ TO TRANSLATE TEXTS ( ! ,I,W,W COMRADES 79 P>TICUL>1 ,DANIEL ,DE ,LEON7 & ( REVOLUTION>Y SYNDICALI/S ALL OV] ! WORLD 7,SPA91 ,ITALY1 ,NE!RL&S1 ,RUSSIA1 ETC471 AS WELL AS ! LIB]T>IAN & AN>*I/ DOCUM5TS ( ANCI5T ,*9A 7CIT$ BY ,ETI5NE ,BALAZS 9 ,*9ESE ,CIVILIZATION & ,BUREAUCRACY74 ,9 #aieh \R /UDY & DISCUSSION GR\P -- :I* LAT] ADOPT$ ! NAME ,C\NCIL ,COMMUNI/ ,GR\P -- BEGAN TO COLLABORATE CLOSELY ) ,I,C,O 7,9=MATIONS ET ,CORRESPONDANCE ,\VRI]ES7 .<,WORK]S' ,NEWS & ,LETT]S.>1.<#g#c.> :I* WAS FACILITAT+ A 0REGR\PEM5T 9T]-5TREPRISES0 .4 ,?IS NEW =MATION AIM$ TO 0BR+ TOGE!R WORK]S :O NO LONG] HAVE ANY CONFID5CE 9 ! TRADITIONAL WORK+-CLASS ORGANIZATIONS1 NAMELY ! P>TIES & LABOR UNIONS10 :I* HAVE BECOME 0ELEM5TS ( /ABILIZATION & CONS]VATION ( ! EXPLOITIVE REGIME4 ,I,C,O SEEKS TO CREATE ACTUAL DIRECT L9KUPS BETWE5 WORK]S1 TO 9=M EA* O!R AB\T :AT IS GO+ ON 9 DIFF]5T WORKPLACES1 TO D5\NCE LABOR-UNION MANEUV]S1 TO DISCUSS \R DESIRES & DEM&S1 & TO MUTUALLY AID EA* O!R4 ,?IS PROCESS ( DEAL+ ) P>TICUL> CURR5T PROBLEMS 9EVITABLY LEADS US TO CALL 9TO QUE/ION ! PRES5T REGIME & TO DISCUSS G5]AL PROBLEMS SU* AS CAPITALI/ PROP]TY1 W> OR RACISM4 ,EA* P>TICIPANT IS FREE TO EXPRESS HIS VIEWS & REMA9S FREE TO ACT AS HE WI%ES )9 HIS [N WORKPLACE40 ,WE TOOK P>T 9 !SE REUNIONS AS ,I,C,O CORRESPOND5TS -- ,GUY AT ! ,PO/ ,(FICE1 ,AGU/9 9 A PHOTO5GRAV+ COMPANY1 ,LAMB]T AT ! ,*AUSSON BUS FACTORY1 & ,I AT ,JEUMONT-,S*NEID]1 A COMPANY ?AT MANUFACTUR$ ELECTRICAL MA*9ES4 ,ON ! NIIS4 ,PAV+ /ONES W]E HURL$ AT ! ,C,R,S .4 ,/UD5TS BUILT B>RICADES ON ,RUE ,GAY-,LUSSAC & >\ND ! ,SORBONNE4 ,AS ,SOPHIE & ,I PASS$ ! KNOCK$-D[N TREES NE> ! ,SA9T-,G]MA9 SUBWAY EXIT & ALONG ,B\LEV>D ,SA9T-,MI*EL1 WE FELT ?AT A NEW =CE HAD EM]G$1 REJECT+ AU?ORITY1 ! CURR5T REGIME1 & ! /ATE ITSELF4 ,PANIC-/RICK51 DE ,GAULLE D5\NC$ ! 0FIL?Y RIOT]S0 BE=E SECRETLY FLY+ (F TO ! >MY BASE AT ,BAD5-,BAD51 ! HEADQU>T]S ( ! ,FR5*-OCCUPI$ SECTOR ( ,G]MANY1 :]E HE PREP>$ = ! POSSIBILITY ( CRU%+ ! ,MAY #aifh 9SURG5TS ) MILIT>Y =CE4 ,! ,MAOI/S FROM ! ,ECOLE DES ,BEAUX-,>TS C>RI$ BANN]S PROCLAIM+3 0,GOOD WEA!R COMES AFT] ! RA940 ,I %\T$ \T3 0,H[ PA!TIC CAN Y\ GET6 ,H]E WE >E 9 ! L& ( ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE & Y\ CAN ?9K ( NO?+ BUT RECIT+ ! ,HUNAN PEASANT'S ,LITTLE ,R$ ,BOOK60.<#g#d.> ,FROM !N ON ,I WAS P]SONA NON GRATA 9 ! LOCAL ACTION C5T]S -- !Y PRACTICALLY TREAT$ ME & MY FRI5DS AS COPS4 ,I WAS WORK+ AT ! ,JEUMONT-,S*NEID] FACTORY4 ,/UD5TS W]E CALL+ = A G5]AL /RIKE & COM+ TO ! FACTORIES 9 ORD] TO MAKE CONTACT ) ! WORK]S4 ,! ,C,G,T PREV5T$ ! WORK]S FROM MEET+ !M1 KEEP+ ! WORK]S ISOLAT$ 9 !IR FACTORIES & DRIV+ AWAY ! /UD5TS4444 ,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,JANU>Y #h1 #bba 3 ,P>T #b1 ,*APT] #aa -- ,ADD$4 ,JANU>Y #a#g1 #bbb 3 ,P>T #b1 ,*APT] #aa -- ,UPDAT$4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/