,P>T #a#d1 ,*APT] #a 
,BEYOND ',R$' & ',BLACK'3 ,PUBLI%+ 9 ! PURSUIT ( LIB]T>IAN SOCIALISM 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ALEX ,PRI*>D 

,AU?OR 3 ,&Y ,MC,LAV]TY-,ROB9SON 

,AU?OR 3 ,B5OIT ,*ALL& 

,AU?OR 3 ,C>L ,LEVY 

,AU?OR 3 ,*I>A ,BOTTICI 

,TEXT 3 

,CONV]G5CE ,?R\< ,PRACTICE #c3 ,PUBLI%+ 

,BEYOND ',R$' & ',BLACK'3 ,PUBLI%+ 9 ! PURSUIT ( LIB]T>IAN SOCIALISM 

,JEAN ,MI*EL ,KAY 

,! HI/ORY ( A POLITICAL CURR5T CAN NEV] BE R$UC$ TO ?AT ( ITS ORGANIZATIONS OR TO ! /UDY ( ITS DOCTR9E1 UNLESS IT HAS NEV] HAD ! LEA/ 9FLU5CE \TSIDE ITSELF4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 IT IS DIFFICULT TO ID5TIFY SU* A CURR5T :5 IT HAS NOT BUILT ANY P]MAN5T ORGANIZATION & HAS NOT PRODUC$ A BODY ( DOCTR9E4 ,NONE!LESS1 IT IS ! SURMISE ( SU* A CURR5T ?AT WE BEG TO (F] AS A RESE>* TOPIC BAS$ ON ! /ORY ( AN ACTIVI/ PUBLI%] FROM ! #a#i#cS ON4 

,:AT IS SURMIS$ H]E IS ?AT AT C]TA9 P]IODS ( ,FR5* CONTEMPOR>Y SOCIAL HI/ORY1 & PROBABLY ELSE:]E 9 ,EUROPE1 A POLITICAL CURR5T HAS SPRUNG UP ?AT OV]COMES ! HI/ORICAL DEADLOCK BETWE5 ! PROTAGONI/S ( 0,/ATE SOCIALISM0 & ?OSE ( 0SOCIALISM )\T A ,/ATE40 ,?IS CURR5T HAS NOT GIV5 BIR? TO P]MAN5T POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS2 IT HAS NOT SPAWN$ RECOGNIZ$ !ORETICIANS1 IT HAS NOT SPELT \T A =MAL DOCTR9E4 ,! REASON ?AT SUGGE/S ITSELF = ?OSE ?REE NEGATIVES IS ?AT ?IS CURR5T HAS ONLY EM]G$ 9 P]IODS ( SOCIAL UPHEAVAL & HAS G5]ALLY LACK$ TIME TO CREATE A LA/+ POLITICAL VEHICLE1 & ?AT ! !ORY ( :AT IT /OOD = C\LD ONLY DEVELOP AFT] ! EV5T4 

,AS %OR?&1 WE WILL DESIGNATE ?IS CURR5T AS 0LIB]T>IAN SOCIALISM40 ,?IS LABEL HAS NO HI/ORICAL LEGITIMACY2 IT HAS BE5 US$ BY ,DANIEL ,GU]9 AS COV] TITLE ( HIS FIR/ COLLECTION ( ESSAYS AIM$ AT RECONCIL+ ?OSE HE CALL$ 0TW9 BRO!RS1 FEUD+ BRO!RS40.<#e#g#e.> ,9 LAT] $ITIONS1 HE HAS *ANG$ IT TO 0LIB]T>IAN ,M>XISM10 & !N TO 0LIB]T>IAN COMMUNISM40 ,BUT AT ! TIME :5 WE SURMISE ?AT LIB]T>IAN SOCIALISM FIR/ MAT]IALIZ$1 LIB]T>IAN COMMUNISM WAS CLAIM$ AS !IR OBJECTIVES BY ! ,SPANI% ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I1 & !Y >E CLE>LY DIFF]5T4 

,WE PROPOSE TO SE>* = ?AT CURR5T ?R\< ! 5DUR+ /ORY ( AN UNUSUAL PUBLI%+ H\SE1 :I* HAS C>RI$ ON = FIFTY YE>S ?ANKS TO ! EX]TION ( ONE 9DIVIDUAL1 ,R5E ,LEFEUVRE1 & :I* HAS \TLIV$ HIM4 ,! FEATURES ( ?AT PUBLI%+ 5DEAVOR -- ! ,CAHI]S ,SP>TACUS -- QUALIFY IT AS AN APPROPRIATE TOOL = ID5TIFY+ ?AT CURR5T & TURN+ IT 9TO A LEGITIMATE RESE>* TOPIC3 

,IT IS AN ACTIVI/ PUBLI%+ H\SE1 I4E4 ONE ?AT PURSUES SPECIFIC POLITICAL GOALS4 

,IT IS NOT-=-PR(IT1 & HAS NO O!R CONC]N ?AN TO PUBLI% :ATEV] IT FEELS %\LD BE MADE AVAILABLE TO ! READ]%IP IT HOPES TO REA*4 

,IT IS 9DEP5D5T1 TO ! EXT5T ?AT IT IS NOT CONTROLL$ BY ANY POLITICAL ORGANIZATION4 

,H[EV]1 IT DOES NOT RELY ON PATRONAGE OR TO ANY SIGNIFICANT EXT5T ON DONATIONS4 ,!RE=E1 :ILE IT DOES NOT NE$ TO BE PR(ITABLE 9 ANY S5SE1 IT CAN ONLY C>RY ON PUBLI%+ IF !RE >E 5\< BUY]S = ITS \TPUT4 ,IT HAS NOT ALWAYS BE5 ! CASE4 

,LIB]T>IAN SOCIALISM AS WE MEAN IT ONLY MAT]IALIZES AS A POLITICAL CURR5T AFT] ! ,OCTOB] REVOLUTION4 ,! LESSONS IT DRAWS FROM ! #aiag REVOLUTION & ITS AFT]MA? DIFF] FROM ?OSE DRAWN BY O!R ANTI-,/AL9I/ CURR5TS SU* AS ! AN>*I/S1 ! ,TROTSKYI/S OR EV5 ! C\NCIL COMMUNI/S1 :OSE EXP]I5CE WAS ANYWAY PRACTICALLY UNKN[N 9 ,FRANCE AT ! TIME4 ,ITS POLITICAL ASSUMPTIONS MAY BE SUMM>IZ$ AS FOLL[S3 

,! EVOLUTION ( SOCIETY CAN ONLY BE GRASP$ ?R\< ! ANALYSIS ( CLASS /RUGGLES2 CLASS ANTAGONISMS1 CRISES BORNE BY ! RUL$ CAN ONLY BE ELIM9AT$ IF !Y WRE/ POLITICAL & ECONOMIC P[] FROM ! RUL+ CLASSES & EX]T IT !MSELVES4 

,! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE IS ! 9/RUM5T ( DOM9ATION ( ! RUL+ CLASSES2 AS SU*1 IT HAS TO BE DISMANTL$2 BUT AS CLASSES WILL SURVIVE EV5 AFT] SU* DISMANTLEM5T1 & AS SOCIAL ACTIVITIES WILL NE$ TO BE ORGANIZ$ & DECISIONS MADE1 POLITICAL 9/ITUTIONS WILL REMA9 NECESS>Y AT V>I\S T]RITORIAL LEVELS4 

,! NATION IS ! FRAMEWORK ( B\RGEOIS P[]2 IT IS NOT SUITABLE = BUILD+ SOCIALISM2 LIB]T>IAN SOCIALISM IS 9T]NATIONALI/ BY NATURE4 

,LIB]T>IAN SOCIALI/S KN[ ?AT TRADE UNIONS HAVE BECOME 9/ITUTIONS ( CAPITALI/ SOCIETY2 !Y F9D H[EV] ?AT 9 MANY 9/ANCES TAK+ P>T 9 UNION ACTIVITY IS ! FIR/ MEANS AT ! DISPOSAL ( WORK]S TO TAKE P>T 9 COLLECTIVE ACTION & ! CLASS /RUGGLE4 

,POLITICAL P>TIES >E NECESS>Y TO =MULATE ANALYZES & PROPOSALS1 TO GA!R MEANS = $UCATION & ACTION2 BUT NO P>TY CAN CLAIM A MONOPOLY ( P[]3 

0,! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT CANNOT BE IMPLEM5T$ BY A S+LE SECTOR ( ! PROLET>IAT1 ONLY BY ALL SECTORS1 )\T EXCEPTION4 ,NO WORK]S' P>TY1 NO TRADE UNION CAN EX]T ANY DICTATOR%IP40.<#e#g#f.> 

,LA/LY1 LIB]T>IAN SOCIALI/S DO NOT VIEW TAK+ P>T1 OR NOT TAK+ P>T1 9 ! ELECTORAL PROCESS & DIS*>G+ ELECTIVE DUTIES AS A MATT] ( PR9CIPLE4 ,BUT = !M1 = ANY P>TY COALITION TO OBTA9 & RETA9 GOV]NM5T P[] ?R\< ! ELECTORAL PROCESS CANNOT BE A GOAL 9 ITSELF4 

,AN ACTIVI/ PUBLI%] 

,AT ! REQUE/ ( HIS FA!R1 A MA/] /ONE MASON 9 A VILLAGE 9 ,BRITTANY1 ,R5E ,LEFEUVRE ALSO BECOMES A /ONE MASON4 ,BUT RURAL LIFE DOES NOT SUIT HIM4 ,AL?\< ) ONLY PRIM>Y S*OOL+1 HE'S AN ASSIDU\S & 9QUISITIVE READ]4 ,AT #b1 :5 CALL$ UP = MILIT>Y S]VICE1 HE MANAGES TO BE QU>T]$ 9 ! ,P>IS >EA1 :]E1 BUT = ! W> YE>S1 
HE WILL LIVE FROM #aibb TO HIS DEA? 9 #a#i#h#h4 

,BY :AT HE HAS LE>N$ ( IT1 & 9 SPITE ( ! REPULSIVE PICTURE DRAWN ( IT BY ! CONS]VATIVE OP9ION LEAD]S 9 HIS HOME REGION1 HE IS ATTRACT$ BY ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION & ! A*IEVEM5TS ( ! ,SOVIET ,UNION4 ,HE READS ,BORIS ,S\V>9E'S ,BULLET9 COMMUNI/E1 :I* REPORTS ON !M BUT WILL NOT HIDE ! DISPUTES ?AT >E />T+ TO DIVIDE ! ,EXECUTIVE ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL1 ( :I* HE IS A MEMB]1 & ! 
LEAD]%IP ( ! ,SOVIET ,COMMUNI/ P>TY4 ,BORIS ,S\V>9E'S EXCLUSION ( ! ,FR5* COMMUNI/ P>TY1 ( :I* HE HAD BE5 A F\ND+ MEMB]1 & ,S\V>9E'S MATUR+ UND]/&+ ( ! CLASS NATURE ( ! ,SOVIET REGIME WILL CONTRIBUTE TO ,R5E'S /R5G!N+ POLITICAL BELIEFS3 AVAIL+ HIMSELF ( ! NOTIONS ( CLASSES & EXPLOITATION AS DEVELOP$ BY ,M>X1 ,S\V>9E ASS]TS 9 ! LATE #a#i#bS ?AT A NEW RUL+1 EXPLOITATIVE1 CLASS IS BE+ CREAT$ 9 ! ,SOVIET ,UNION ?R\< ITS CONTROL ( ! ,/ATE4 ,HE ALSO REJECTS :AT HE SEES AS ! 9V5TION BY ! ,SOVIET LEAD]%IP ( A ,L59I/ DOCTR9E4 ,LA/LY1 HE ALSO REJECTS :AT HE P]CEIVES 9 ,TROTSKY -- :OSE RI<T TO HOLD DISS5T+ VIEWS HE HAD SUPPORT$ 9 ! ,EXECUTIVE ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL -- AS A COMMITM5T TO REPRODUCE ! ANALYZES & BEHAVIOR ( ! ,SOVIET ,COMMUNI/ P>TY4.<#e#g#g.> ,R5E ATT5DS SOME ( ! MEET+S ( ! ,C]CLE COMMUNI/E ,M>X ET ,L59E LAUN*$ BY ,BORIS ,S\V>9E 9 #aibf ) O!R MEMB]S OR =M] MEMB]S ( ! ,C,P OPPOSITION4 ,9 #a#i#c1 IT BECOMES ! ,C]CLE COMMUNI/E DEMOCRATIQUE1 :OSE PURPOSE IS TO 0UPHOLD1 CONT9UE & 9VIGORATE ! DEMOCRATIC & REVOLUTION>Y TRADITION ( ,M>XISM0 & TO 0ACTIVELY SEEK ! SE$S ( ! R5EWAL ( REVOLUTION>Y ?\<T & ACTION40 ,ITS MANIFE/O EXP&S ON ! !ME3 0,TOGE!R ) ,M>X & ,5GELS 1! ,C]CLE DECL>ES ITSELF DEMOCRATIC1 BY :I* IT MEANS TO RE/ORE AGA9/ FAKE COMMUNI/S1 :O NEGATE IT1 & FAKE SOCIALI/S1 :O DEBASE IT1 A NOTION :I* IS 9SEP>ABLE FROM ! REVOLUTION>Y IDEA4 ,COMMUNI/S & SOCIALI/S ( ! ,M>XI/ S*OOL HAVE 9 POLITICS LONG SIMPLY CALL$ !MSELVES 'DEMOCRATS' BE=E CALL+ !IR P>TY 'SOCIAL- DEMOCRAT 4' ,! ,M>XI/ CRITIQUE ( ! IMPLEM5TATION ( ! DEMOCRATIC PR9CIPLE 9 CAPITALI/ SOCIETY IS DIRECT$ TO ! CONTRADICTIONS ( ITS PRACTICE1 NOT TO ! PR9CIPLE ITSELF1 & MAKES ! PO9T ?AT IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO A*IEVE TRUE POLITICAL DEMOCRACY )\T ! F\NDATION ( ECONOMIC EQUALITY40.<#e#g#h.> 

,UNTIL #a#i#b#h1 ,R5E E>NS A LIV+ AS A /ONE MASON CRAFTSMAN4 ,!N1 ?ANKS TO DI/ANCE LE>N+ C\RSES HE HAD TAK5 UP :5 9 ,BRITTANY1 HE IS HIR$ AS A CL]K 9 A CLADD+S FIRM1 :I* FREES SOME ( HIS TIME TO PURSUE O!R 9T]E/S4 ,?IS IS :5 HE JO9S ! ,AMIS DE ,MONDE1 & BECOMES !IR SECRET>Y4 ,LAUN*$ 9 #aibh BY ,H5RI ,B>BUSSE1 A ,COMMUNI/ P>TY MEMB] S9CE #a#i#b#c1 ,MONDE.<#e#g#i.> S\<T TO BE 0A WEEKLY PUBLICATION1 REPORT+ MAJOR LIT]>Y1 >TI/IC1 SCI5TIFIC1 ECONOMIC & SOCIAL 9=MATION TO PROVIDE AN OBJECTIVE PICTURE ( CURR5T AFFAIRS40 ,BUT ITS LAUN* REFLECTS A DISAGREEM5T BETWE5 ,H5RI ,B>BUSSE & ! ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL ( ! ?IRD P]IOD1 9 :I* ! SOCIAL-DEMOCRAT1 N[ DUBB$ 0SOCIAL-FASCI/10 HAS BECOME ! MA9 OPPON5T4 ,9 #a#i#b#f1 ! ,9T]NATIONAL HAD REQUE/$ ,H5RI ,B>BUSSE TO LAUN* AN 9T]NATIONAL BODY ( REVOLUTION>Y WRIT]S4 ,AS ?IS W\LD HAVE ONLY BR\<T TOGE!R ,COMMUNI/ P>TY MEMB]S1 OR WRIT]S ALREADY CLOSE TO ! ,P>TY1 ,B>BUSSE HAS *OS5 9/EAD TO CREATE 0A HIVE ( PUBLICATIONS0 -- MU* MORE ?AN A NEWSPAP] -- AIM+ AT A 0WORLD GA!R+ ( 9TELLECTUALS40.<#e#h.> ,CONTRIBUTORS TO ,MONDE WILL !RE=E 9CLUDE ,COMMUNI/ WRIT]S1 SOME ( !M WRIT+ FROM ! ,SOVIET ,UNION1 BUT ALSO =M] ,COMMUNI/S & EV5 ,SOCIALI/S1 = :I* ,MONDE WILL BE CONDEMN$ AT ! SECOND CONGRESS ( REVOLUTION>Y WRIT]S HELD 9 ,KH>KOV 9 ,NOVEMB] #a#i#c4 ,MONDE IS *>G$ ) BE+ 0A PAP] )\T GUID+ PR9CIPLES1 :I* FROM ! />T HAS TAK5 AN ANTI-,M>XI/ POSITION10 ( BE+ DI/9CTIVE BY 0 ITS CONFUSIONISM10 ( H>BOR+ CONTRIBUTORS :O >E 0,TROTSKYI/ AG5TS1 SOCIAL-FASCI/S1 B\RGEOIS RADICALS1 PACIFI/S10 9 %ORT ) BE+ HO/ILE TO PROLET>IAN IDEOLOGY4 ,IT IS WOR? M5TION+ ?AT BACK 9 ,APRIL #a#i#c1 ,PI]RE ,NAVILLE1 ,TROTSKYISM'S FIR/ (FICIAL REPRES5TATIVE 9 ,FRANCE1 HAD TAX$ ,MONDE 9 HIS ,LUTTE DE CLASSES ) BE+ A 0COLLECTION ( G>BAGE FROM ! MO/ SWAMPY1 ! MO/ CONFUS$1 & 9 ! 5D ! MO/ ANTI-PROLET>IAN \TPUT ( PETTY-B\RGEOIS POLITICO-LIT]>Y CIRCLES'' 

,MONDE IS CLE>LY NOT A ,COMMUNI/ P>TY PAP]1 AL?\< ,H5RI ,B>BUSSE W\LD NOT CONDONE ATTACKS AGA9/ ! ,SOVIET REGIME4 ,! ,AMIS DE ,MONDE >E ASSIGN$ AMBITI\S GOALS3 NOT ONLY %\LD !Y 
SUPPORT ! PAP]'S SALES1 BUT !Y %\LD ALSO CONTRIBUTE NEWS & REPORTS TO IT4 ,9 #a#i#c1 :5 ,R5E 
,LEFEUVRE BECOMES !IR SECRET>Y1 ! MEMB]%IP NUMB]S AB\T #h4 ,LUCI5 ,LAURAT1.<#e#h#a.> :O BELONGS TO ,MONDE'S $ITORIAL TEAM1 HAS ORGANIZ$ A POLITICAL ECONOMY /UDY GR\P1 :I* 9 P>TICUL> /UDIES ,M>X'S ,CAPITAL4 ,AS ! ,AMIS >E KE5 ?AT O!R GR\PS1 ON O!R TOPICS1 BE SET UP1 ,R5E WILL D$ICATE HIMSELF TO ! TASK TO ! FULL4 ,ALWAYS EAG] TO LE>N1 HE IS ALSO DEVOT$ TO ! TRANSMISSION ( KN[L$GE1 TO POPUL> $UCATION :I* WILL ALWAYS REMA9 ! TRUE AIM ( HIS PUBLI%+4 ,NEW /UDY GR\PS >E SET UP3 = SOCIAL /UDIES1 WORK]S' MOVEM5T HI/ORY1 >*ITECTURE1 ,ESP]ANTO2 ALSO A DRAMA TR\PE4 ,R5E ALSO ORGANIZES MOVIE SCRE5+S1 VISITS TO EXHIBITIONS4 

,AFT] TWO YE>S1 MEMB]S ( ! /UDY GR\PS >E ASK+ = A MEANS REGUL>LY TO PUBLI% ! \TCOME ( !IR WORK4 ,R5E IS PUT 9 *>GE ( ?AT V5TURE4 ,HE SUGGE/S ,SP>TACUS AS TITLE ( ?IS NEW PAP]3 MEMB]S *OOSE ,MASSES1 A REF]5CE TO ! ,AM]ICAN ,NEW ,MASSES4 

,AT FIR/1 ,MASSES'\TLOOK C\LD NOT BE SIGNIFICANTLY DIFF]5T FROM ?AT ( ,MONDE & ! MANIFE/O PUBLI%$ 9 ITS FIR/ ISSUE1 DAT$ ,JANU>Y #a#i#c#c1 /ATES 9 P>TICUL> ?AT 0A REVOLUTION>Y CULTURE IS OPPOS$ TO B\RGEOIS CULTURE4 ,9 ! GREAT /RUGGLE1 SU* A CULTURE IS A WEAPON02 & ALSO ?AT 0AGA9/ B\RGEOIS CALUMNIES1 WE WILL DEF5D ! ,SOVIET ,UNION'S EX]TION TO BUILD A CLASSLESS SOCIETY BY SETT+ TRU? AGA9/ LIES'0 

,EV5TS WILL MAKE ,MASSES P>TLY *ANGE ITS $ITORIAL C\RSE4 ,?IS FIR/ ISSUE DOES 9DE$ 9CLUDE FEATURES ON >*ITECTURE1 SOCIOLOGY1 ! !AT]1 & ON WORK]S' UNITY4 ,9 ! SECOND ISSUE1 !RE'S 
ALSO A PIECE FROM ,RU/ICO.<#e#h#b.> 9 :I* HE REPORTS ON ! ACTIVITY & /ATE ( M9D ( ! ,B]L9 ,COMMUNI/S HE HAS JO9$ 9 ,OCTOB] #aicb 9 EXPECTATION ( A DECISIVE %[D[N 9 ,G]MANY BETWE5 REACTION>Y =CES & ! MASSES4 ,! ?IRD ISSUE1 DAT$ ,M>* #a#i#c#c1 PAYS TRIBUTE TO ,K>L ,M>X = ! FIFTIE? ANNIV]S>Y ( HIS DEA?1 )1 AMONG O!R ITEMS1 ! BEG9N+ ( A SUMM>Y ( ! MA9 !SIS ( ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG'S ,ACCUMULATION ( CAPITAL4 ,MASSES IS A #b-PAGE MON?LY1 ( M$IUM =MAT1 ) A FAIRLY SOPHI/ICAT$ LAY\T & SOME PICTURES1 P>TICUL> C>E BE+ LAVI%$ ON ! FRONT COV]4 

,CONTRIBUTORS TO ,MASSES >E 9 !IR GREAT MAJORITY Y\NG MEMB]S ( ! /UDY GR\PS4 ,BUT ! $ITORIAL /AFF WILL QUICKLY *ANGE3 9 ,MAY #a#i#c#c1 ,MASSES BRIEFLY QUOTES AN ANN\NCEM5T FROM ! ,C]CLE COMMUNI/E DEMOCRATIQUE ?AT ,VICTOR ,S]GE1 :O HAD BE5 LIV+ 9 ! ,SOVIET ,UNION S9CE #a#i#a#i1 HAD BE5 >RE/$4 ,HE WAS AMONG ! WRIT]S :O SUPPORT$ ,MONDE4 ,9 ,JULY1 ,MASSES PUBLI%ES A LETT] FROM ,VICTOR ,S]GE 9 :I* HE SPELLS \T ! PR9CIPLES ( HIS OPPOSITION TO ! REGIME4 ,R5E ,LEFEUVRE REQUE/S 0?AT AU?ORIZ$ S\RCES 9=M ! ,WE/]N PROLET>IAT ( ! REASONS :I* JU/IFY ,VICTOR ,S]GE'S PUNI%M5T & :Y HE HAS BE5 REFUS$ = SO MANY YE>S ! PASSPORT HE NE$S TO LEAVE ,RUSSIA4'0 ,COMP>$ = 9/ANCE TO :AT ! ,C]CLE COMMUNI/E DEMOCRATIQUE WAS WRIT+ AT ! TIME1 ?IS IS V]Y MOD]ATE 9DE$4 ,! SAME ISSUE 9CLUDES A NEW REPORT FROM ,RU/ICO1 ON ?OSE EV5TS 9 ,B]L9 :I*1 FROM ,JANU>Y TO ,M>* #a#i#c#c1 HAVE L$ TO ! ,NAZIS' VICTORY1 ! \TLAW+ ( ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY & ! REPRESSION ( ITS MEMB]S4 ,MASSES DOES NOT PUBLI% ! LETT]S 9 :I* ,RU/ICO TAKES TO TASK ! LEAD]%IPS ( ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY 
& ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,NEV]!LESS1 ?IS IS MORE ?AN ?OSE CONTRIBUTORS TO ,MASSES :O >E ,COMMUNI/ P>TY MEMB]S CAN TAKE4 ,9 A COMMUNIQUE PUBLI%$ BY ,Y,HUMANITE1 ! ,P>TY DAILY1 !Y QUE/ION ! /& TAK5 BY ,MASSES 9 FAVOR ( ,VICTOR ,S]GE1 AGA9/1 ACCORD+ TO !M1 ! OP9ION ( ! $ITORIAL BO>D1 & ALSO ! 0CONTROV]SY AB\T EV5TS 9 ,G]MANY' & W>N READ]S 0?AT ! ,MASSES P]IODICAL IS B\ND TO BECOME A TOOL 9 ! H&S ( C\NT]REVOLUTION>IES40 ,!Y WILL BE MADE TO LEAVE ! $ITORIAL BO>D4 

,NEW CONTRIBUTORS MAKE !IR APPE>ANCES 9 ! NEXT ISSUES4 ,!Y >E =M] MEMB]S ( ! ,LEFT OPPOSITION ( ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY1 SOME ( !M QUITE EXP]I5C$1 LIKE ,M>CEL ,BODY4.<#e#h#c.> ,& AS ,MASSES HAD 9ITIAT$ AN 9QUIRY ON ,G]MAN FASCISM1 ,KURT ,L&AU GIVES HIS OP9ION1 AS DO SPOKESM5 = ! ,S,A,P & = ,G]MAN COMMUNI/ WORK]S GR\PS1 HEIRS TO C\NCIL COMMUNI/S4 ,MASSES IS MU* LESS A PRODUCT ( ! /UDY GR\PS1 & MORE ( A MEET+ PLACE = ACTIVI/S LOOK+ = ANSW]S TO ! *ALL5GES ( ! TIMES4 ,CURR5T AFFAIRS1 9CLUD+ DEBATES )9 ! ,S,F,I,O 7! ,FR5* SOCIALI/ P>TY71 & !ORETICAL 9SI<TS TAKE PRIDE ( PLACE4 ,9 ,JANU>Y #aicd -- ! FIFTE5? ANNIV]S>Y -- ,MASSES PUBLI%ES ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG'S LA/ NEWSPAP] PIECE & ,K>L ,LIEBKNE*T'S LA/ SPEE*4 ,9 ,MAY #a#i#c#d1 AS IT HAD DONE = ,G]MAN FASCISM1 ! $ITORIAL BO>D LAUN*ES AN 9QUIRY ON ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT & DEMOCRACY1 ) AN EXC]PT FROM ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG'S ,! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION AS A PRIM]4 ,AMILC>E ,ROSSI'S.<#e#h#d.> CONTRIBUTION TO ?AT DEBATE IS PUBLI%$ 9 ! NEXT ISSUE1 ! #a#h?1 9 ,JUNE #a#i#c#d4 ,BUT O!R CONTRIBUTIONS1 IF !Y HAVE EV] BE5 WRITT51 WILL NOT BE PUBLI%$3 9 ISSUE NUMB] #a#i1 :I* IS ! LA/1 IT IS ANN\NC$ ?AT !Y WILL BE ! MAT]IAL 
( A SPECIAL ISSUE1 :I* HAS NEV] APPE>$4 

,R5E ,LEFEUVRE HAS HAD TO DISCONT9UE ,MASSES BECAUSE1 HAV+ LO/ HIS JOB1 HE CAN NO LONG] MEET ITS CO/S4 ,! ,AMIS DE ,MONDE HAVE SUFF]$ FROM ! SPLIT BETWE5 ,COMMUNI/S & OPPON5TS4 ,MONDE ITSELF1 9ITIALLY FL\RI%+ 9 ITS FIR/ TWO YE>S1 N[ FACES DIFFICULT CIRCUM/ANCES4 ,9 ADDITION1 ,R5E IS N[ COMMITT$ TO A NEW 5VIRONM5T3 9 ,AUGU/ #a#i#c#d1 ) O!R CONTRIBUTORS TO ,MASSES1 HE HAS JO9$ ! ,SOCIALI/ P>TY4 

,IT IS AT FIR/ SI<T SURPRIS+ ?AT REVOLUTION>IES1 /EEP$ 9 ,M>XISM1 %\LD JO9 SU* A P>TY1 ) A SIGNIFICANT 9DU/RIAL WORK] MEMB]%IP 9 ONLY A FEW P>TS ( ,FRANCE1 & FOCUS$ PRIM>ILY ON ELECTIONS4 ,BUT ! ,S,F,I,O HAS EXP]I5C$ A NUMB] ( %OCKS OV] ! PA/ FEW MON?S3 IT HAS R5\NC$ ITS ALLIANCE ) ! ,RADICALS1 :O N[ P>TICIPATE 9 A GOV]NM5T ( ,NATIONAL UNION4 ,ITS RI<T W+ HAS BE5 EXPELL$1 BUT ! DEBATE IT HAD />T$ ON ! SUBJECT ( PLANN+ HAS L$ ! ,P>TY TO CONSID] AN ACTION PROGRAM4 ,ITS LEFT W+1 ! ,BATAILLE SOCIALI/E1 L$ P> ,JEAN ,ZYROMSKI & ,M>CEAU ,PIV]T & 9 FAVOR ( JO9T ACTION ) ! ,COMMUNI/S1 HAS LO/ ! \T-&-\T PACIFI/S AMONG ITS SUPPORT]S4 ,FEEL+ IT HAD TO RACE AGA9/ ! FASCI/S1 IT HAS />T$ TO DEVELOP NEW ORGANIZATIONS & NEW ME?ODS3 Y\? MOVEM5TS1 UNI=M$ SELF-DEF5SE UNITS1 ACTION GR\PS1 NEW PROPAG&A M$IA4 ,ALSO1 ,TROTSKY HAS ORD]$ HIS ,FR5* FOLL[]S1 ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/S1 TO JO9 ! ,S,F,I,O1 :I* !Y DO ?IS SAME MON? ( ,AUGU/ #a#i#c#d4 

,BUT IT IS ! BLOODY EV5TS ( ,FEBRU>Y #aicd & !IR AFT]MA? ?AT HAVE CONV9C$ ,R5E & HIS COMRADES TO JO9 ! SOCIALI/ ORGANIZATION4 ,ON ! MORN+ ( #f ,FEBRU>Y1 ! DAY ( ! RI<T-W+ ANTI-P>LIAM5T>IAN DEMON/RATION1 ,M>CEL ,CA*9 WAS WRIT+ 9 ! ,HUMANITE3 0,ONE CANNOT /RUGGLE AGA9/ FASCISM )\T /RUGGL+ ALSO AGA9/ SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY40 ,IF1 ON #ab ,FEBRU>Y1 
LEFT-W+ ACTIVI/S HAD GONE ON /RIKE & DEMON/RAT$ JO9TLY1 IT WAS NOT DUE TO ! NATIONAL LEAD]%IPS ( ! P>TIES4 ,! ,BATAILLE SOCIALI/E1 = ITS P>T1 IS CLE>LY 9 FAVOR ( JO9T ACTION4 ,9 ,MAY #a#i#c#d1 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL *ANGES TACK & DECL>ES 9 FAVOR ( A UNIT$ FRONT ) ! ,SOCIALI/S4 ,ON #bg ,JULY1 AN AGREEM5T IS SIGN$ BY ! TWO P>TIES4 ,AIME ,PATRI1.<#e#h#e.> 9 ! LA/ ISSUE ( ,MASSES1 MAY BE MI/AK5 AB\T ! REASONS ( ?IS *ANGE :5 HE WRITES3 0,IT IS ! ,FR5* WORK+ CLASS1 BY DEMON/RAT+ SPONTANE\SLY & ?R\< ITS DE$S ?AT IT ASPIRES TO UNITY1 :I* HAS OBLIG$ ! ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL AS WELL AS ! ,FR5* SECTION ( ! ,LABOR & ,SOCIALI/ ,9T]NATIONAL TO ACT ACCORD+LY40 ,H[EV]1 = ! ACTIVI/S1 !RE IS N[ A REAL PROSPECT ( EFFICI5T ACTION ON ! GR\ND1 9 JO9T COMMITTEES4 

,9 PUTT+ TOGE!R ,MASSES1 ,R5E ,LEFEUVRE HAD BE5 TRA9$ 9 PUBLI%+ TE*NIQUES BY ! TYPESETT]S1 & HE WAS N[ ABLE TO E>N A LIV+ ALSO AS A PRO(-READ]4 ,9 ,DECEMB] #a#i#c#d1 ) MEMB]S ( ! LA/ TEAM AT ,MASSES1 HE LAUN*ES A NEW WEEKLY3 ,SP>TACUS1 = REVOLUTION>Y CULTURE & MASS ACTION4 ,IT IS SAID 9 ITS FIR/ ISSUE ?AT ,MASSES WILL CONT9UE1 BUT ONLY AS SPECIAL ISSUES4 ,! 

FIR/ ( ?OSE SPECIALS -- 9DE$1 ! ONLY ONE -- IS A BRO*URE ON ! ,B]L9 ,COMMUNE ( #a#i#a#h-#a#i#a#i1 
! WORK ( ,&RE.<#e#h#f.> & ,DORI ,PRUDHOMMEAUX4 ,IT IS MADE UP MA9LY ( ! ,LEAGUE ,SP>TACUS' PROGRAM & ( ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG'S SPEE* ON ?AT PROGRAM4 ,= ,R5E1 IT IS ( PRIM>Y IMPORT TO DISSEM9ATE ! POLITICAL WRIT+S ( ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG1 :I* HAVE NOT BE5 WIDELY TRANSLAT$ & PUBLI%$ 9 ,FRANCE4 ,?IS CONC]N IS CLE>LY APP>5T 9 PIECES :I* >E PUBLI%$ 9 ,SP>TACUS4 

,&RE ,PRUDHOMMEAUX1 BRIEFLY A ,COMMUNI/ P>TY MEMB]1 HAD BE5 ACTIVE 9 #a#i#b#i-#a#i#c 9 ! 0,GR\PES \VRI]S COMMUNI/ES10 9SPIR$ BY ,G]MAN C\NCIL COMMUNISM1 5T]TA9+ A RELATION%IP ) ,K>L ,KORS* & REJECT+ ! ,L59I/ VIEW ( ! P>TY4 ,HE HAD BE5 TO ,G]MANY & HAD BR\<T BACK DOCUM5TS4 ,9 #a#i#c1 HIS ,LIBRAIRIE \VRI]E1 9 ,P>IS1 HAD PUBLI%$ AS A BRO*URE A ,FR5* TRANSLATION ( ,H]MAN ,GORT]'S #aib ,OP5 LETT] TO ,COMRADE ,L59 9 :I* HE OBJECT$ TO ! TACTICS FOI/$ UPON ,WE/]N COMMUNI/ P>TIES BY ! NEW ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,9 #a#i#c#c1 HE IS ONE ( ! ,FR5* ORGANIZ]S ( ! COMMITTEE = ! DEF5SE ( ,M>9US ,VAN D] ,LUBBE1 :O HAD SET FIRE TO ! ,REI*/AG4 ,! COLLAPSE ( ! ,G]MAN WORK]S' MOVEM5T MAKES HIM REJECT ,M>XISM & BECOME AN AN>*I/4 ,FROM#a#i#c#f1 HE IS V]Y ACTIVE 9 DEF5SE ( ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION1 EV5 IF HE GR[S CRITICAL ( ! ,C,N,T TAK+ P>T 9 GOV]NM5T4 ,A PUBLI%] & PR9T] 7BAS$ 9 ,NIMES1 HE HAS LAUN*$ A PR9T+ CO-OP7 AS WELL AS AN ACTIVI/1 HE PROVIDES ,R5E ) MAT]IAL & PRACTICAL ADVICE1 & SOMETIMES LOSES HIS TEMP] :5 ,R5E APPE>S TO BE TOO SL[ 9 MAK+ USE ( BO?4 

,SP>TACUS WON'T LA/ AS A WEEKLY2 9 ,APRIL #a#i#c#e1 ! MAS!AD ( ISSUE NUMB] EI<T RECOGNIZES ?AT IT IS AT BE/ A MON?LY4 ,! LA/ ISSUE1 ! T5?1 IS PUBLI%$ 9 ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#c#e4 ,IT HAS ONLY F\R PAGES & IS D$ICAT$ TO ! MATT] ( ! EXCLUSION ( ! ,TROTSKYI/S FROM ! ,SOCIALI/ ,Y\?1 TO :I* IT OBJECTS & ASKS 9/EAD = ! ,Y\? TO BE MADE AUTONOM\S FROM ! NATIONAL P>TY LEAD]%IP4 

,9 ,MAY #a#i#c#e1 ,FRANCE & ! ,SOVIET ,UNION 5T] 9TO A PACT ( MUTUAL ASSI/ANCE4 ,/AL9 0UND]/&S & FULLY APPROVES ! POLICY ( NATIONAL DEF5SE PURSU$ BY ,FRANCE''04 ,! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY QUICKLY FALLS 9 L9E ) ! NEW POLICY ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL & RECLAIMS ! ,TRICOLOR & ! ,M>SEILLAISE4 ,! PROSPECT ( A NEW ,UNION SACREE :I*1 9 #a#i#a#d1 HAS BE+ 9/RUM5TAL 9 S5D+ ! PEOPLE TO ! SLAU<T]H\SE1 LOOMS AGA94 

,?IS NEW POLITICAL SC5E DEEP5S ! ONGO+ DISPUTES )9 ! ,BATAILLE SOCIALI/E4 ,AB\T UNITY ) ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY1 AB\T NATIONAL DEF5SE1 AB\T ACTIVISM1 ,ZYROMSKI & ,PIV]T DIFF] SIGNIFICANTLY3 ,PIV]T IS AGA9/ A POT5TIAL M]G] ) ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY2 HE REJECTS NATIONAL DEF5SE 9 A CAPITALI/ SOCIETY4 ,9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#e1 ,M>CEAU ,PIV]T SEEKS TO UNITE LEFT-W+ GR\PS )9 ! ,S,F,I,O & LAUN*ES ! ,GAU*E REVOLUTIONNAIRE1 :I* IS DEF9$ BY :AT IT OPPOSES & BY A PROSPECT -- ?AT ( ! SOCIALI/ REVOLUTION -- MORE ?AN BY A DOCTR9E1 :I* IS YET TO BE DEVELOP$4 ,IT M]GES A NUMB] ( SMALL GR\PS1 AMONG !M REVOLUTION>Y SOCIALI/S :O HAD BE5 EXPELL$ FROM ! ,S,F,I,O BECAUSE !Y W]E 9 FAVOR ( JO9T ACTION ) ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY1 ! GR\P >\ND ,SP>TACUS1 & ALSO =M] ,COMMUNI/S4 ,ABOVE ALL1 IT ATTRACTS ! Y\NG]1 MORE ACTIVE MEMB]S ( ! ,S,F,I,O4 

,?IS NEW T5D5CY IS GO+ TO PUBLI% A MON?LY BULLET9 ( ! SAME NAME1 ,LA GAU*E REVOLUTIONNAIRE1 & ,R5E ,LEFEUVRE IS PUT 9 *>GE ( IT4 ,HE IS ALSO 9 *>GE ( ! TRADE UNION COLUMN1 AT ! V]Y TIME :5 ! ,C,G,T IS REUNIT$4 

,R5E HAS S\<T TO RESURRECT ,MASSES BY REPLAC+ ITEMS AB\T 9T]NAL P>TY MATT]S 9 ,LA GAU*E REVOLUTIONNAIRE BY PIECES AB\T DOCTR9E OR ! HI/ORY ( ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T1 BUT ?IS HAS BE5 RECEIV$ UNFAVORABLY BY SOME ( ! READ]S4 ,BACK 9 #a#i#c#d1 HE HAD DEF9$ A PUBLI%+ PROGRAM AIM+ AT 0PROVID+ ! PROLET>IAN MASSES ) IDEOLOGICAL WEAPONS & PREP>E !M = ! /RUGGLE 9 ALL >EAS0 3 A P]IODICAL LIKE ,MASSES1 BUT ISSU$ MORE FREQU5TLY1 PROVID+ MORE REPORTS ON DAILY /RUGGLES & MORE ATTRACTIVE 9 LAY\T2 BRO*URES 9 :I* CURR5T ISSUES W\LD BE DEALT ) 9 MORE DEP?2 & BRO*URES ( REVOLUTION>Y HI/ORY4 ,IT IS TO ! SECOND LEG ( ?IS PROGRAM ?AT HE WILL H5CE=? DEVOTE HIMSELF4 ,NOT ONLY URG5T NE$S HAVE TO BE ADDRESS$1 BUT ! 
,LIBRAIRIE DU TRAVAIL1.<#e#h#g.> ! PUBLI%] :I*1 = ! PA/ TW5TY YE>S1 HAS BE5 AN AN*OR TO REVOLUTION>IES1 IS 9 DIRE /RAITS4 ,IT WILL CEASE TO PUBLI% 9 #a#i#c#g4 

,! SUBJECT MATT] ( !SE BRO*URES1 ! ,CAHI]S ,SP>TACUS1 SUB-TITL$ 0NEW S]IES10 IS 9DE$ ( SOME URG5CY3 REPORTS ON ! SOVIET REGIME1 ! PROSPECT ( A NEW ,WORLD W>1 ! SUPPORT TO BE PROVID$ TO ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION4 

,! FIR/ ,CAHI] ,SP>TACUS1 PUBLI%$ 9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#f1 BE>S AS COV] TITLE #af FUSILLES1 & ,\ VA LA REVOLUTION RUSSE8 AS SUB-TITLE4 ,IT MA9LY CONSI/S ( WRIT+S BY ,VICTOR ,S]GE1 :O HAS BE5 FRE$ AT LA/ & HAS RETURN$ TO ,FRANCE DUR+ ! SUMM]4 ,9 ! FIR/ ( !M1 HE REPORTS ON ! MO/ SPECTACUL> ( ! ,MOSC[ %[ TRIALS1 :I* HAD L$ TO ! EXECUTION ( ,Z9OVIEV1 ,KAM5EV1 ,SMIRNOV & O!R ,BOL%EVIK LEAD]S4 ,TWO O!R WRIT]S CONTRIBUTE PIECES AGA9/ ,FRANCE'S POLICY ( 0NON- 9T]V5TION0 9 ,SPA91 9 P>TICUL> AGA9/ ! GOV]NM5T'S REFUSAL TO SUPPLY WEAPONS TO ! ,REPUBLICANS4 ,! NEXT BRO*URE1 9 ,NOVEMB]1 HAS AS ITS TITLE 0,UNION SACREE #aiad -- #a#i#c44404 ,IT CONSI/S MA9LY 9 EXC]PTS FROM ,ALFR$ ,ROSM]'S ESS5TIAL ,LE M\VEM5T \VRI] P5DANT LA GU]RE1 :I* HAS JU/ BE5 PUBLI%$ BY ! ,LIBRAIRIE DU ,TRAVAIL4 ,ALSO 9CLUD$ >E PIECES ON TRADE UNION UNITY & COLLECTIVIZATIONS 9 ,SPA91 REPRODUC$ FROM ,L ',ESPAGNE SOCIALI/E1 ! ,FR5* -- LANGUAGE PAP] ( ! ,P,\,M1 TO :I* LA ,GAU*E REVOLUTIONNAIRE FEELS CLOSE2 & ALSO BRIEF REVIEWS ( ,S\V>9E'S ,/AL9E1 UN AP]GU HI/ORIQUE DU BOL*EVISME & ( ,TROTSKY'S ,LA REVOLUTION TRAHIE4 ,! FOLL[+ MON?1 UND] COV] ( ! ,CAHI]S ,SP>TACUS1 IS A BRO*URE BY ,JEAN ,PRAD]1.<#e#h#h.> ,AU SEC\RS DE ,I',ESPAGNE SOCIALI/E1 ALSO PUBLI%$ BY ! ,LIBRAIRIE DU ,TRAVAIL4 ,R5E ,LEFEUVRE HAS ADD$ TO IT ! AU?ORIZATION HE HAS RECEIV$ FROM ,M>CEAU ,PIV]T1 AS ,PRAD] CRITICIZES ! ,GAU*E REVOLUTIONNAIRE'S /& ON ! MATT] ( >MS SUPPLY1 & ALSO A W>N+ CALL SIGN$ BY ,JULIAN ,GORK91 ( ! ,P,\,M'S 9T]NATIONAL SECRET>IAT1 AB\T ! CRIMES ?AT ! ,/AL9I/S >E AB\T TO COMMIT 9 ,SPA94 ,9 HIS BRO*URE1 ,PRAD] NOT ONLY DISCUSSES ! PROS & CONS ( ! POLICY ( 0 NON9T]V5TION0 & GIVES HIS [N VIEWS2 HE ALSO DEALS 9 PA9FUL DETAIL ) ! QUE/ION ( 
H[ >E REVOLUTION>IES TO RESPOND %\LD W> BREAK \T1 A CONUNDRUM ?AT IS GO+ TO UND]M9E !M DUR+ ! NEXT FEW YE>S4 

,! NEXT BRO*URE IS ! FIR/ ,FR5* $ITION S9CE #aibb ( ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG'S ,! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 9 A NEW TRANSLATION BY ,M>CEL ,OLLIVI]4.<#e#h#i.> ,NEXT WILL COME ! ,GAU*E REVOLUTIONNAIRE'S PROGRAM & ITS RESPONSE TO ! ?REAT ( DISSOLUTION IT FACES FROM ! ,P>TY LEAD]%IP1 &1 9 ,M>* #a#i#c#g1 ! WRIT+S ON REVOLUTION>Y ,CATALONIA PUBLI%$ AT ! SAME TIME BY ,&RE ,PRUDHOMMEAUX 9 HIS ,CAHI]S DE ,T]RE LIBRE3 A REPORT BY ,&RE & ,DORI ,PRUDHOMMEAUX ON ! >M+ ( ! PEOPLE 9 ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION & !IR TRANSLATION ( ,WAS S9DDIE ,C,N,TUND DIE ,F,A,I81 WRITT5 BY ! ,D,A,S ,GRUPPE 9 ,B>CELONA TO TRY & C\NT] ,/AL9I/ PROPAG&A 9 ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T4 ,9 ,JUNE1 ! ,CAHI]S ,SP>TACUS RELEASE1 UND] ! TITLE ,LE ,GUEPE\ 5 ,ESPAGNE1 ,M>CEL ,OLLIVI]'S REPORT ON ! ,MAY #aicg EV5TS 9 ,B>CELONA4 ,BY ,NOVEMB] #a#i#c#h1 ,R5E WILL HAVE PUBLI%$ FIFTE5 SU* BRO*URES4 

,UNTIL !N1 ,R5E ,LEFEUVRE & HIS COMRADES HAD PRACTICALLY NEV] MET ! AN>*I/S & !IR DOCTR9ES4 ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG1 9 H] PRE-W> WRIT+S1 HAD NO?+ BUT H>% WORDS = !M4 ,R5E HAD F\ND !M H>D TO FA?OM2 !IR GR\PS W]E FAIRLY CLOS$4 ,IT IS ! RECOGNITION ( ! COMMITTEES ( ! ,C,N,T'S LEAD+ ROLE 9 ! E>LY MON?S ( ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION & ! NECESSITIES ( 9T]NATIONAL REVOLUTION>Y SOLID>ITY :I* MADE ,R5E DI/RIBUTE ?OSE WRIT+S4 ,9 #a#i#c#h1 HE WILL DI/RIBUTE ANO!R ,CAHI] DE ,T]RE LIBRE1 A COLLECTION ( ,CAMILLO ,B]N]I'S ,SPANI% WRIT+S4 

,GR[+ DISAGREEM5TS BETWE5 ! MAJORITY ( ! ,S,F,I,O & ! ,GAU*E REVOLUTIONNAIRE L$ TO ! DISSOLUTION ( ! LATT] 9 ,APRIL #a#i#c#g4 ,R5E !N TOOK *>GE ( ! ,CAHI]S R\GES1 ! NEW MON?LY ( :AT WAS H5CE=? AN UN(FICIAL T5D5CY4 ,AT ! ,ROYAN CONGRESS1 9 ,JUNE #a#i#c#h1 ! T5D5CY'S LEAD]S RESOLVE TO LEAVE ! ,S,F,I,O & LAUN* ! ,P>TI SOCIALI/E \VRI] ETPAYSAN 7,P,S,O,P74 ,= ,R5E1 & HE'S NOT ALONE1 ?IS IS AN ADMISSION ( FAILURE1 AS ! NEW P>TY ONLY ATTRACTS A M9ORITY ( ! ]/:ILE SUPPORT]S ( ! ,GAU*E REVOLUTIONNAIRE1 :OSE 9FLU5CE WAS /ILL GR[+4 ,! ,P,U,P.<#e#i.> HAV+ JO9$ ! ,S,F,I,O AFT] ! #aicf P>LIAM5T>Y ELECTIONS1 ! ,P,S,O,P BECOMES ! ,FR5* MEMB] ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,BUREAU = ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALI/ ,UNITY4 ,9 ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#c#h1 ! ,BUREAU LAUN*ES ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK]S ,FRONT AGA9/ ! ,W>1 :I* ADVOCATES A POLICY ( REVOLUTION>Y DEFEATISM4 ,BUT1 AS ,PRAD] HAD REM>K$ 9 AN ISSUE ( ,SP>TACUS1 ?IS POLICY1 :I* ,L59 HAD BE5 PROMOT+ 9 ! ,FIR/ ,WORLD ,W>1 DOES NOT PREV5T W>4 

,R5E ,LEFEUVRE IS 9 *>GE ( ! ,P,S,O,P'S WEEKLY1 ,JU9 #c#f4 ,9 ,JANU>Y #a#i#c#i1 HE />TS A NEW ,MASSES1 ( :I* ?REE ISSUES WILL BE PUBLI%$4 

,AT ! TIME ( MOBILIZATION1 & 9 SPITE ( HAV+ BE+ S5T5C$ TO SIX MON?S 9 JAIL BECAUSE ( HIS ROLE 9 ! ,P,S,O,P1 HE IS CALL$ UP4 ,HE WILL BE TAK5 PRISON] & AS SU* WILL SP5D FIVE YE>S 9 ,G]MANY4 

,! TRAP ( ANTI-SOVIETISM 

,:5 BACK 9 ,FRANCE 9 ,JUNE #a#i#d#e1 ,R5E ,LEFEUVRE HAS TO ADAPT TO A POLITICAL L&SCAPE ?AT HAS ( C\RSE UND]GONE SIGNIFICANT *ANGES4 ,! ,P,S,O,P HAS SUNK )\T TRACES DUR+ ! W>4 ,! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY HAS N[ BE5 9 A COALITION GOV]NM5T = A YE>1 & IT WILL REMA9 9 IT = ANO!R TWO YE>S4 ,! MOVEM5TS BORN 9 ! ,RESI/ANCE & :I*1 FROM V>I\S /&PO9TS1 ADVOCAT$ A 0REVOLUTION10 MEAN+ ! ADV5T ( A SOCIETY MAK+ A CLE> BREAK ) ! DEFUNCT ,I,I,IRD ,REPUBLIC ON ! BASIS ( ! POPUL> ALLIANCES BUILT DUR+ ! W>1 HAVE TO MAKE WAY = ! POLITICAL P>TIES4 ,?OSE HAVE BUT ONE GOAL3 TO RE/ORE AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE ! ,/ATE'S APP>ATUS1 & AU?ORITY 9 G5]AL4 ,= 9/ANCE1 WORK]S :O HAVE TAK5 *>GE ( !IR FIRMS RECEIVE NO SUPPORT FROM ANY ( !M4.<#e#i#a.> 

,?ANKS TO A FRI5D1 ,R5E GETS A JOB 9 ! $ITORIAL SECRET>IAT ( ! ,POPULAIRE1 ! ,S,F,I,O'S DAILY1 & !N AT ! ,P>TY'S ,$ITIONS DE LA ,LIB]TE4 ,9 ,JANU>Y #a#i#d#f1 HE />TS PUBLI%+ AGA9 ON HIS [N ACC\NT3 A NEW ,MASSES1 & ! ,CAHI]S ,SP>TACUS4 ,HE HAS BE5 ABLE TO RECOV] UNSOLD BRO*URES FROM BE=E ! W>4 ,OV] ! NEXT F\R YE>S1 HE WILL ADD >\ND =TY TITLES TO HIS CATALOG1 FROM T9Y BRO*URES TO SIZABLE BOOKS4 ,HIS GOAL IS OBVI\S3 TO CONTE/ ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY'S & ITS DAU<T] ORGANIZATIONS' MONOPOLY ( ,M>XI/ EXPRESSION2 TO SUPPLY D\BT]S ) ! TOOLS ( A REVOLUTION>Y CRITIQUE ( ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION1 ! ,SOVIET REGIME & ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY'S POLITICS4 ,SIGNIFICANT PUBLICATIONS 9 ?IS P]IOD 9CLUDE WRIT+S ( ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG 7,QUE/IONS D'ORGANIZATION DE LA SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIE RUSSE1 PUBLI%$ ) O!R WRIT+S UND] ! COV] TITLE ,M>XISME CONTRE DICTATURE1 ,RE=ME SOCIALE \ REVOLUTION81 ,GREVE G5]ALE1 P>TI ET SYNDICATS71 ,ANTON ,CILIGA'S ,L59E ET LA ,REVOLUTION 7EXC]PTS FROM HIS ,T5 YE>S 9 ! C\NTRY ( ! DISCONC]T+ LIE1 :I* WAS PUBLI%$ ONLY TWO YE>S LAT]71 ,SYLVA9 ,WISN]'S ,L ',ALG]IE DANS 

,I'IMPASSE1 :I* S\<T TO DRAW ATT5TION TO ! LOOM+ CRISIS 9 ?AT COLONY1 ,IDA ,METT'S ,LA 
,COMMUNE DE ,CRON/ADT1.<#e#i#b.> ,GUY ,V9ATREL'S ,L ',U,R,S,S CONC5TRATIONNAIRE & HI/ORICAL /UDIES BY ,MAURICE ,DOMMANGET1 AMONG :I*1 9 #a#i#e1 HIS ,SYLVA9 ,M>E*AL1 #e PAGES /RONG1 :I* CO/ SO MU* & SOLD SO LITTLE AT ! TIME ?AT IT PRACTICALLY CAUS$ ,R5E TO /OP PUBLI%+4 

,MASSES WAS MEANT TO BE A MON?LY1 BUT ONLY ELEV5 NUMB]S WILL BE PUBLI%$ UNTIL ITS DISCONT9UATION 9 ,MAY #a#i#d#h4 ,AMONG ITS CONTRIBUTORS >E COMRADES FROM ! FIR/ ,MASSES1 FROM ,SP>TACUS1 FROM ! ,P,S,O,P1 REVOLUTION>Y SYNDICALI/S & MEMB]S ( ! LEFT W+ ( ! SOCIALI/ P>TY1 SU* AS ,M>CEAU ,PIV]T2 !RE >E REGUL> CONTRIBUTIONS FROM ABROAD1 AMONG :I* ?OSE ( ,VICTOR ,S]GE UNTIL HIS DEA? 9 #a#i#d#g4 

,! LEAD+ >TICLE ( ! FIR/ ISSUE1 UND] ! TITLE ,SOCIALISME ET LIB]TE 7:I* IS ALSO ! SUB-TITLE ( ! PAP]7 REM9DS READ]S ?AT /ATISM & NATIONALISM >E 5EMIES ( SOCIALISM4 ,/>T+ ) ! ?IRD ISSUE1 ,MASSES BECOMES ! M\?PIECE ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL MOVEM5T SOCIALISM & LIB]TY1 LAUN*$ BY ,M>CEAU ,PIV]T & :I*1 ACCORD+ TO ITS MANIFE/O1 IS GR\ND$ 9 LIB]T>IAN SOCIALISM & REVOLUTION>Y 9T]NATIONALISM4 ,BUT ?IS MOVEM5T1 ) NO SOCIAL BASIS1 WILL QUICKLY DISAPPE>4 

,R5E & HIS COMRADES FEEL ! NE$ TO TRANSMIT ! EXP]I5CE GA9$ AT SU* A HI< PRICE OV] ! PA/ ?IRTY YE>S4 ,BUT TO :OM8 ,9 #a#i#d#f1 TO JUDGE FROM P>TY & TRADE UNION MEMB]%IP1 MASS 9T]E/ IS /RONG1 EV5 IF ! HOPES RAIS$ AT ! TIME ( ! ,LIB]ATION FADE :5 FAC$ BY ! 
H>D%IPS ( DAILY LIFE1 RATION+1 SPIRAL+ PRICES & ! />T ( COLONIAL W>S4 ,NEV] HAD ! MEMB]%IPS ( ! ,COMMUNI/ & ,SOCIALI/ P>TIES BE5 SO HI< 7! =M]'S BE+ TWICE AS L>GE AS ! LATT]'S71 & NEV] WILL !Y EV] BE AGA94 ,ANO!R GAUGE ( MASS 9T]E/ = SOCIAL MATT]S1 ,LE ,LIB]TAIRE1 ! ,F$]ATION AN>*I/S S WEEKLY1 PR9TS UP TO A #a # COPIES4 ,BUT ! ,S,F,I,O BELONGS TO ! GOV]NM5T COALITION1 IT WILL HEAD IT SEV]AL TIMES 9 #aidf & #a#i#d#g4 ,IT HAS NO T5D5CY TO COMP>E ) ! PRE-W> ,GAU*E REVOLUTIONNAIRE4 ,ITS MEMB]S >E NOT = ! MO/ P>T ATTRACT$ BY A PROJECT :I* *>TS A R\TE TOTALLY DIFF]5T FROM ! ,P>TY'S1 EV5 IF IT SUPPORTS !M 9 !IR HO/ILITY TO ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY4 ,! ,S,F,I,O IS SOON CAU<T 9 A P9C] BETWE5 ?AT P>TY1 !N ! MO/ P[]FUL 9 ,FRANCE BO? ELECTORALLY & SOCIALLY1 & A ,GAULLI/ P>TY1 ! ,R,P,F1 :I* IS SE5 AS A ?REAT = ! P>LIAM5T>Y REPUBLIC4 ,! OPPOSITION BETWE5 ! ,SOVIET ,UNION & ! ,BRITI%-,AM]ICAN ALLIANCE TAKES C5T] /AGE 9 ! POLITICAL DEBATE1 &1 ) IT1 ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY1 :OSE OV]>*+ OBJECTIVE IS TO 0PREV5T A ,WE/]N COALITION :I* W\LD TILT ! BALANCE ( P[] TO ! DISADVANTAGE ( ! ,U,S,S,R40.<#e#i#c.> ,! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY IS SETT+ ! T]MS ( ! DEBATE = YE>S TO COME3 ON ! ONE SIDE 7ITS SIDE71 ! =CES ( SOCIALISM & PROGRESS1 ! WORK+ CLASS1 PEACE2 ON ! O!R SIDE1 ALL ! O!RS 7=EMO/ AMONG !M ! ,SOCIALI/S71 ! B\RGEOISIE1 IMP]IALISM1 W>4 

,?OSE :O1 BETWE5 ?OSE TWO POLES1 TRY TO PROMOTE A ?IRD WAY1 /RUGGLE ALL ! MORE TO GET A HE>+ ?AT 0?IRD WAY0 IS REM9ISC5T ( 0?IRD =CE10 ! C5TRI/ COALITION ?AT N[ GOV]NS ! C\NTRY AFT] ! SACK+ ( ! ,COMMUNI/ M9I/]S4 ,SU* AN ATTEMPT WILL NONE!LESS BE MADE4 

,9 ,NOVEMB] #a#i#d#g1 A NUMB] ( R5[N$ 9TELLECTUALS1 AMONG :I* ,JEAN-,PAUL ,S>TRE1 ,ALB]T ,CAMUS & ,DAVID ,R\SSET HAVE SIGN$ ) ,M>CEAU ,PIV]T & A FEW SOCIALI/ ,M,PS AN ,APPEAL = A NEUTRAL & SOCIALI/ ,EUROPE4 ,DAVID ,R\SSET W5T FUR!R D[N ?AT ROAD &1 9 ,FEBRU>Y #a#i#d#h1 ) ,S>TRE1 SOME J\RNALI/S1 A FEW LEFT-W+ SOCIALI/ ,M,PS & TRADE UNIONI/S1 LAUN*$ AN APPEAL = A ,RASSEMBLEM5T DEMOCRATIQUE REVOLUTIONNAIRE 7,R,D,R74 ,ITS AIM IS TO MOVE BEYOND ! CONFRONTATION BETWE5 ! ,S,F,I,O1 A LOYAL MANAG] ( CAPITALISM1 & ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY1 A TOOL ( ,SOVIET =EIGN POLICY4 ,! ,R,D,R IS NOT A P>TY1 ,R\SSET EXPLA9S3 0,IT IS ONLY 9 ! EXP]I5CE & PRACTICE ( COMMON /RUGGLES ?AT ! NECESS>Y !ORETICAL SOLUTIONS WILL BE F\ND444,! RALLY444IS 

! RESULT ( AN AGREEM5T ON MORE LIMIT$1 MORE IMM$IATE1 OBJECTIVES1 :I* FIT MORE DIRECTLY ! 
CURR5T SITUATION1 9 :AT >E ITS LIMITS & URG5CY40.<#e#i#d.> ,HE IS ALSO AW>E ?AT ! ,R,D,R IS NOT GR\ND$ 9 ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T3 0,A P>TY IS ALSO ! EXPRESSION ( A SOCIAL CLASS444,\R AIM IS TO UNITE1 AT ! SIDE ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 ?OSE ELEM5TS ( ! MIDDLE CLASSES :I* >E L$ TO /RUGGLE BY TODAY'S SOCIAL & ECONOMIC SITUATION40.<#e#i#e.> 

,9 ! FIR/ ISSUE ( ,LA ,GAU*E1 ! ,R,D,R'S BI-WEEKLY1 ,S>TRE CALLS = 0! RALLY ( ?IS C\NTRY'S M51 AS CONSUM]S & AS PRODUC]S1 9 NEI<BORHOOD COMMITTEES1 9 VILLAGE COMMITTEES1 9 FACTORY COMMITTEES444:]E !Y WILL BECOME CONSCI\S ( !IR DEMOCRATIC & REVOLUTION>Y HUMANISM444,! FIR/ GOAL ( ! ,DEMOCRATIC ,REVOLUTION>Y ,RALLY IS TO B9D REVOLUTION>Y CLAIMS TO ! IDEA ( LIB]TY40 ,?IS CALL = 0SOVIETS0 TO BE ?US CREAT$ 0ON TAP0 9 FIRMS1 9 ! T[NS & 9 ! C\NTRYSIDE IS REPEAT$ 9 ! ,R,D,R'S PROGRAM1 :I* ALSO 9CLUDES ! CREATION ( A DEMOCRATIC REVOLUTION>Y F$]ATION ( PEOPLES & A 0POSITIVE0 /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! ,M>%ALL PLAN4 ,! ,R,D,R ATTRACTS A FEW LEFT-W+ SOCIALI/S1 SU* AS ,JEAN ,R\S & ,LEON ,B\TBI51 :O HAVE CONTRIBUT$ TO ,MASSES4 ,JULES ,MO*1 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,HOME ,(FICE M9I/]1 AN OLD FOE ( ! LEFT :O'S 9 ! PROCESS ( BLOODILY CRU%+ ! M9]S'/RIKE 9 ! ,NOR?1 BR&S !M AS 0,/AL9I/ AG5TS40 ,= ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY1 ! ,R,D,R IS 0! ,R,P,F DISGUIS$ AS A LEFT-W+ P>TY10 0AN APP5DAGE ( ! 
,S,F,I,O40 ,= ,LA ,V]ITE1 ! PAP] ( ! ,P>TI COMMUNI/E 9T]NATIONALI/E 7,TROTSKYI/71 IT IS 0AN 5T]PRISE 9 CONFUSION 40 

,AFT] ONE YE>1 ! ,R,D,R HAS E/ABLI%$ BRAN*ES ?R\<\T ! C\NTRY1 ) TOTAL MEMB]%IP SOME?+ LESS ?AN #b14 ,9 ! ,MAN*E DEP>TM5T1 = 9/ANCE1 MEMB]S PUBLI% A PAP] CALL$ ,COMBATPROLET>I54 ,! ,R,D,R HAS ATTRACT$ TRADE UNIONI/S :O CAMPAIGN = TRADE UNION UNITY 0ON A DEMOCRATIC BASIS40 ,BUT IT FOCUSES ON ! ORGANIZATION ( GR& MEET+S TO PROMOTE ?AT ,EUROPE :I* W\LD BE 9DEP5D5T FROM BO? IMP]IALISMS & = :I* IT WAS SET-UP4 ,9 :AT APPE>S TO BE A RESPONSE TO ! ,WORLD ,PEACE ,CONGRESS HELD 9 ,P>IS TWO WEEKS E>LI]1 IT ORGANIZES ON #c ,APRIL #aidi A DAY ( 09T]NATIONAL RESI/ANCE TO W> & DICTATOR%IP40 ,BUT ! SUPPORT IT RECEIVES FROM ! ,S,F,I,O & ! ,C,G,T-,F,O IS TOO OBVI\S1 SOME ( ! SPEAK]S AT ITS MA9 MEET+ >E TOO CONTROV]SIAL1 = ! ,R,D,R TO CAPITALIZE ON IT4 ,GEOPOLITICS ON ITS [N R>ELY ATTRACTS SUPPORT FROM EXPLOIT$ CLASSES4 ,S>TRE1 = HIS P>T1 HAD ALREADY DI/ANC$ HIMSELF FROM ! ,R,D,R1 ASSESS+ IT AS ANTI-COMMUNI/4 

,! EXPOSURE ( ! ,SOVIET REGIME'S BLEAKE/ FEATURES1 EV5 :5 WIDELY ADV]TIS$ AS IS ! CASE 9 #aidi & #aie ) ! ,KRAV*5KO & ,R\SSET TRIALS1 SEEMS TO HAVE LITTLE IMPACT ON ! POLITICAL ORI5TATION ( WORK+ CLASS ACTIVI/S AS LONG AS !Y HAV5'T DIRECTLY EXP]I5C$ ! CONSEQU5CES ( ,COMMUNI/ P>TY POLICIES4 ,! W> & ! ,RESI/ANCE HAVE WEAK5$ CONS]VATIVE 9FLU5CES OV] A NEW WORK+ CLASS G5]ATION 9 >EAS :]E !Y US$ TO BE /RONG1 & ! CASE ( ! ,M\VEM5T DE LIB]ATION DU PEUPLE MAY CONFIRM ?AT HYPO!SIS4 

,! ,LIGUE \VRI]E *RETI5NE IS A FAMILY SELF-HELP *>ITY SPONSOR$ BY ! ,ROMAN ,CA?OLIC *UR*4 ,9 #a#i#d#a1 IT *ANGES ITS NAME TO ,M\VEM5TPOPULAIRE DES FAMILLES 7,M,P,F74.<#e#i#f.> ,9 #a#i#d#f1 ITS MEMB]%IP IS AB\T #ae # /RONG4 ,MONDE \VRI]1 ITS WEEKLY1 PR9TS UP TO #b # COPIES4 ,/ATE- F9ANC$ FAMILY SUPPORT 9TRODUC$ AFT] ! W> TURNS IT 9TO MORE ( A MANAG] ( SOCIAL S]VICES4 

,A GOOD NUMB] ( ITS ACTIVI/S >E KE5 TO CONTRIBUTE 9 A MORE RADICAL MANN] TO ! IMPROVEM5T ( WORK]S' LIVES4 ,9 !IR ACTIONS1 ! REF]5CE TO ! FAI? FADES4 ,9 #a#i#d#h1 !Y ACTIVELY SUPPORT /RIK+ M9]S4 ,!Y ALSO CAMPAIGN ) ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY AGA9/ ! ,M>%ALL PLAN4 

,9 #a#i#d#i1 ! ,M,P,F OP5S A DEBATE ON POLITICAL ACTION2 IT WID5S ITS MEMB]%IP TO TE*NICIANS & 5G9E]S :O F9D IT DIFFICULT TO JO9 TRADE UNIONS4 ,RECOGNIZ+ ?AT NEW ORI5TATION1 ! ,*UR* TAKES AWAY FROM IT ! 0ACTION CA?OLIQUE \VRI]E0 LABEL4 

,9 #a#i#e1 ! ,M,P,F *ANGES ITS NAME TO ,M\VEM5T DE LIB]ATION DU PEUPLE 7,M,L,P7 TO PUBLICIZE ITS NEW ROLE4 ,NO LAT] ?AN ! FOLL[+ YE>1 IT SPLITS 9 R\<LY TWO EQUAL P>TS3 SOME ( ITS MEMB]S WANT TO FOCUS ON POPUL> $UCATION 7!Y LAUN* ! ,M\VEM5T DE LIB]ATION \VRI]E71 :ILE ! MAJORITY ( ! ,M,L,P WANTS TO TURN IT 9TO AN 0ORGANIZ$ POLITICAL =CE10 BAS$ ON ! FOLL[+ PR9CIPLES3 

#a4 ,! F9AL GOAL ( ! ,MOVEM5T IS ! TOTAL FULFILLM5T ( ,MAN ?R\< ! COLLECTIVE ADVANCEM5T ( ,MAN BAS$ ON ! S5SE ( ,HI/ORY4 

,TO A*IEVE ?AT GOAL1 TWO MEANS3 ! D[NFALL ( ! CAPITALI/ REGIME1 ! SETT+-UP ( A CLASSLESS SOCIETY4 

,WE WILL CONTRIBUTE TO ! D[NFALL ( ! CAPITALI/ REGIME ?R\< ! CLASS /RUGGLE4 

,TO REA* ?AT CLASSLESS SOCIETY1 !RE WILL BE A WORK]S' REVOLUTION1 & ! ,MOVEM5T HAS TO CONDUCT IT 7L'ANIM]74 

,9 ! CURR5T P]IOD ( WORK]S' RESI/ANCE1 ! ,MOVEM5T1 :ILE RETA9+ ITS ID5TITY1 MU/ OP]ATE ) ALL WORK+ CLASS =CES /RIV+ = AN AU!NTIC REVOLUTION1 9CLUD+ ,COMMUNI/ ORGANIZATIONS1 EV5 IF !Y /& ALONE4 

,BECAUSE ( ! FI]C5ESS ( SOCIAL CONFLICT AT ! TIME1 ! ,M,L,P'S MEMB]S W]E CONV9C$ ?AT A REVOLUTION>Y UPHEAVAL WAS IMM95T4 ,= !M1 EXPRESSION ( ANTI-COMMUNISM 7HO/ILITY TO ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY & TO ! ,SOVIET ,UNION7 IS ANTI-WORK]S4 ,! PROSPECT ( A REVOLUTION>Y RIS+ REC$ES ) ! IMPROVEM5T ( ECONOMIC CONDITIONS 9 ! E>LY #a#i#eS4 ,9 #a#i#e#c1 SOME ( ! MEMB]S WILL LEAVE TO RESUME ! FAMILY1 UNION1 CULTURAL & SOCIAL WORK :I* WAS ONCE ?AT ( ! ,M,P,F4 ,O!RS1 ASS]T+ ?AT !RE'S BUT ONE P>TY ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY1 WILL LEAVE ! ,M,L,P :5 IT WILL TRY TO *>T ITS [N POLITICAL C\RSE4 

,! ,M,L,P !N REA*ES \T TO ! Y\? & TO /UD5TS1 & JO9S ! ANTI-COLONIALI/ /RUGGLE4 ,AS = O!R ORGANIZATIONS CLAIM+ REVOLUTION>Y SOCIALI/ 9T5T1 ! ,ALG]IAN W> WILL OP5 AN OPPORTUNITY = /RONG COMMITM5T3 ! ,M,L,P1 LIKE ! ,F$]ATION COMMUNI/E LIB]TAIRE1 LIKE ! ,TROTSKYI/ GR\PS1 LIKE ANTI-COLONIALI/ SOCIALI/S1 WILL MAT]IALLY SUPPORT ,ALG]IAN NATIONALI/S4 ,?IS 9VOLVEM5T1 & ! CONDEMNATION ( ! ,HUNG>IAN CRACKD[N 9 #a#i#e#f1 WILL DI/ANCE ! ,M,L,P FROM ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY4 ,9 #a#i#e#g1 IT M]GES ) P>T ( ! ,UNIONPROGRESSI/E1 ITSELF AN ASSOCIATION ( ! ,P>TI SOCIALI/E UNITAIRE & ( PROGRESSIVE ,*RI/IAN MOVEM5TS1 UNTIL !N V]Y CLOSE TO ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY1 & ) ! ,T5DANCE SOCIALI/E REVOLUTIONNAIRE1 AN (F%OOT ( ,TROTSKYISM1 TO LAUN* ! ,UNION DE LA GAU*E SOCIALI/E 7,U,G,S74 ,9 #a#i#f1 ! ,U,G,S & ! ,P,S,A1 AN ANTI-COLONIALI/ SCISSION ( ! ,S,F,I,O WILL M]GE ) O!R SMALL] \TFITS TO CREATE ! ,P>TI SOCIALI/E UNIFIE 7,P,S,U74 

,! LA/ GOLD5 AGE8 

,AFT] #a#i#e1 ,R5E ,LEFEUVRE WILL CEASE TO PUBLI% UNTIL ! 5D ( ! #a#i#fS4 ,HE HAS LEFT ! ,S,F,I,O1 :I* IS ON ITS WAY TO OBLIVION4 ,HE HAS KEPT UNSOLD PAP]S & BOOKS4 ,9 #a#i#f#h1 ,R5E1 N[ RETIR$1 & SUPPORT$ BY ! SMALL GR\P OP]AT+ ! ,VIEILLE TAUPE 7,OLD MOLE7 BOOK%OP :I* SELLS ! WRIT+S ( NON-,L59I/ ,M>XI/ REVOLUTION>IES1 />TS PUBLI%+ AGA94 ,! FIR/ NEW ,CAHI] ( ?AT AGE1 ,IDA ,METT'S ,LEPAYSAN DANS LA REVOLUTION RUSSE1 IS RELEAS$ 9 #a#i#f#i4 ,OV] ! NEXT T5 YE>S1 ,R5E WILL ADD AB\T FIFTY NEW TITLES TO ! ,CAHI]S' CATALOG1 NOT 9CLUD+ BOOKS SUPPLI$ BY O!R PUBLI%]S & NEW $ITIONS ( PA/ TITLES4 ,FROM #aige TO #a#i#g#i1 HE WILL ALSO PUBLI% FIFTE5 ISSUES ( A P]IODICAL CALL$ ,SP>TACUS1 SUB-TITL$ 0,SOCIALISME ET LIB]TE03 ! CONT9UITY ( ! $ITORIAL PROJECT IS OBVI\S4 

,9 ! AFT]MA? ( ,MAY #aifh COMES A BOOM 9 PUBLI%+ ( WORK]S' MOVEM5T & REVOLUTION>Y WRIT+S4 ,REVOLUTION>Y IDEAS & HI/ORY ATTRACT ! 9T]E/ ( A WID] RANGE ( SOCIAL GR\PS & 9DIVIDUALS ?AN EV]4 ,ALL MAJOR PUBLI%]S VIE TO MEET ?IS NEW DEM&4 ,NEW1 ACTIVI/1 NON-= PR(IT PUBLI%]S ALSO CROP UP1 SOMETIMES = A BRIEF EXI/5CE1 CONC]N$ ONLY ) CONTRIBUT+ TO ! DEBATE BY PUBLI%+ AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE WRIT+S !Y DEEM TO BE ESS5TIAL4 ,9 #a#i#f#i1 = 9/ANCE1 ,BELIBA/E RELEASES1 AMONG O!RS1 ,>*9OV'S,MAKHNOV*T*9A1 ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG'S ,LETT]S FROM PRISON & A COLLECTION ( DOCUM5TS ON ! ,KRON/ADT ,COMMUNE2 ,*AMP LIBRE PUBLI%ES ,KR\*T*EV'S REPORT TO ! ,X,X? CONGRESS ( ! ,SOVIET ,COMMUNI/ P>TY1 FOLL[$ BY ,L59'S ,TE/AM5T4 ,AVAILABLE 9 ! ,CAHI]S ,SP>TACUS >E ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG'S MAJOR POLITICAL WRIT+S1 TO ! EXCEPTION ( ! ,CRISIS ( SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY4 ,9 ?AT SAME YE>1 ! ,CAHI]S 
,SP>TACUS RELEASE AGA9 ,H]MAN ,GORT]'S ,REPONSE A ,L59E & PUBLI%1 AMONG O!RS1 ,L\ISE ,KAUTSKY'S ,S\V5IRS SUR ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG4 ,!Y REISSUE ,K>L ,KAUTSKY'S ,LES TROIS S\RCES DU M>XISME1 ) A CRITIQUE ( ,L59'S !ORY ( CLASS CONSCI\SNESS BY ! COMRADES ( ! BOOK%OP4 

,?IS ABUNDANCE ( PUBLICATIONS AB\T REVOLUTIONS & REVOLUTION>IES WILL 9CREASE 9 ! FOLL[+ YE>S4 

,AT ! SAME TIME1 IT SEEMS ?AT IT IS ! GR\PS :I* CLAIM ! ,L59I/ 9H]ITANCE1 & ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY =EMO/ AMONG !M1 ?AT >E 9CREAS+ !IR MEMB]%IPS ! MO/4 ,V>I\S ,TROTSKYI/ GR\PS1 O!RS CLAIM+ TO BE ,MAOI/S1 >E GA9+ 9 VISIBILITY & 9FLU5CE1 P>TICUL>LY AMONG ! Y\NG4 ,= ,R5E ,LEFEUVRE1 AS WAS ! CASE TW5TY YE>S E>LI]1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO TRY & PROPAGATE NOT ONLY ! WORKS ( ! DIV]SE HI/ORICAL /R&S ( NON-,L59I/ SOCIALISM1 BUT ALSO VIEWPO9TS ON CURR5T EV5TS BROADLY 9 CONT9UITY ) ?OSE /R&S4 ,HIS A*IEVEM5T WILL BE TO GA!R >\ND ?IS PROJECT SMALL GR\PS1 & 9DIVIDUALS ( ALL AGES1 :O ACCEPT A PLURALITY ( VIEWPO9TS1 A DIV]SITY ( EXP]I5CE1 & :O HAVE UND]/OOD ?AT SECT>IANISM IS (T5 ! PRODUCT ( ?\<T NO LONG] EXPOS$ TO PRACTICE4 ,EV5TS 9 ,POL&1 ! CAPITALI/ DEVELOPM5T 9 ,*9A1 ! ,PORTUGUESE REVOLUTION ( #a#i#g#d1 ! F9D+S ( COLLECTIVES ON TRADE UNION PRACTICE OR ! WAYS TO ! ABOLITION ( WAGE E>N+1 WILL 5RI* ! CATALOG TOGE!R ) HI/ORICAL /UDIES & WORKS BY ,K>L ,M>X1 ,MAX ,/IRN] OR ,ANTON ,PANNEKOEK4 

,AGA91 :O >E ! 9T5D$ READ]S ( ?OSE PUBLICATIONS8 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT ! 9T]E/ K9DL$ BY ! RESURRECTION ( ! IDEA ( REVOLUTION EXPLA9S ! G5]AL 9CREASE 9 SALES ( REVOLUTION-RELAT$ BOOKS1 )\T !IR READ]S NECESS>ILY BE+ ACTIVI/S 9 ANY WAY4 ,BECAUSE ( !IR S+UL>ITY1 ! ,CAHI]S ,SP>TACUS 9DE$ FACE A PECULI> PH5OM5ON3 AN>*I/S WILL G5]ALLY NOT CONSID] 0,M>XI/0 WRIT+S1 & FEW1 AT ! TIME1 WILL RECOGNIZE ! ,CAHI]S AS 0LIB]T>IAN40 ,= ,TROTSKYI/ T5D5CIES1 ! ,CAHI]S BRE$ 0CONFUSION40 ,!IR MORE KN[L$GEABLE MEMB]S KN[ ?AT ! 0,OLD MAN0 HAD DESIGNAT$ ! ,P,S,O,P AS 0C5TRI/0 & ?AT ,R5E ,LEFEUVRE HAD BE5 A MEMB] ( ! ,S,F,I,O AFT] ,WORLD ,W> ,I,I4 

,BUT ! GR\PS & 9DIVIDUALS :O1 9 ?AT P]IOD1 (F]$ !IR WRIT+S OR SUPPORT TO ,R5E HAD A FEEL+ ?AT ! REA* ( HIS PUBLICATIONS WAS NOT CIRCUMSCRIB$ TO A HYPO!TICAL 0C\NCIL COMMUNI/0 CON/ITU5CY :I* HAD NEV] HAD ANY 9FLU5CE ON SOCIAL MOVEM5TS 9 ,FRANCE4 ,IT WAS UN?9KABLE ?AT ! MOBILIZATION 9 #aifh ( A L>GE P>T ( ! ,FR5* PEOPLE1 9 P>TICUL> ( NEW SOCIAL CATEGORIES1 & TAK+ NEW =MS1 W\LD NOT SPAWN NEW POLITICAL PROJECTS3 IT WAS NECESS>Y TO PROVIDE ALL ?OSE :O W]E TAK+ P>T 9 ?AT PROCESS ) AS MANY TOOLS AS POSSIBLE TO ID5TIFY & AVOID ! TRAPS LAID = !M BY ?OSE :OSE AIM WAS ABOVE ALL TO GA9 & EX]T P[]4 

,?IS IS ,ALA9 ,GUILL]M'S.<#e#i#g.> PURPOSE 9 HIS #aigd =EWORD TO ! ,M>XISME CONTRE DICTATURE BRO*URE ( ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG WRIT+S3 0444! GR& WORK]S' P>TY ?AT C\LD >ISE FROM ! M]G] ( ! ,SOCIALI/ P>TY1 ( ! ,P,S,U1 ( ! ,C,L,A,S.<#e#i#h.> & ( O!R MEMB]S ( ! ,C,F,D,T CANNOT BE ANY?+ -- LET'S SAY IT CLE>LY -- BUT 'LUXEMBURGI/4' ,)\T A DI/9CTIVE !ORY1 IT CAN ONLY BE EI!R A RE=MI/ & CONS]VATIVE P>TY444OR AN IDEOLOGICAL & PRACTICAL APP5DAGE ( ! ,COMMUNI/ 
P>TY444 ,! COMRADES :O WORK T[>DS ?AT M]G]444 >E FULLY CONSCI\S ( ?AT DANG]4 ,!Y BELIEVE !Y CAN C\NT] IT BY PUTT+ =W>D ! R\S+ RALLY+ CALL ( 11 AUTOGE/ION' 444,! WORD HAS TAK5 SO MANY MEAN+S ?AT IT HAS BECOME CONFUS+ 4 ,= SOME1 IT MEANS ! MANAGEM5T BY PEOPLE ( SOCIETY AT EV]Y LEVEL1 ! WI!R+ ( ! ,/ATE & ( WAGE E>N+1 :ILE = O!RS IT IS ONLY A V>IETY ( ECONOMIC MANAGEM5T444LEAV+ ,CAPITAL & ,/ATE UN*ANG$40 

,ALA9 ,GUILL]M WAS PROBABLY MI/AK5 AB\T ! CLASS NATURE ( ! ,SOCIALI/ P>TY4 ,BUT HE WAS /RESS+ ! SPECIFIC POLITICAL PH5OM5ON ?AT HAD EM]G$ 9 ,MAY #a#i#f#h3 ! =MULATION1 \TSIDE AN>*I/ CIRCLES1 ( A POLITICAL PROSPECT DESIGNAT$ AS 0SELF-MANAGEM5T40 ,AT ! TIME :5 HE WRITES HIS ,=EWORD1 AN APPEAL HAS BE5 LAUN*$ BY WELL-KN[N UNION LEAD]S = ! CONV5+ ( 0,ASSIZES = SOCIALISM0 :I* C\LD RESULT 9 ! BIR? ( A UNIFI$ SELF-MANAGEM5T SOCIALI/ 70SOCIALI/E AUTOGE/IONNAIRE07 MOVEM5T4 

,H[ DID ?AT PROSPECT EM]GE8 ,\TSIDE SOME AN>*I/ GR\PS1 0SELF-MANAGEM5T0 US$ TO REF] MORE SPECIFICALLY TO ! MANAGEM5T SY/EM ?AT ,YUGOSLAVIA HAD 9TRODUC$ = FIRMS AFT] ITS BREAK ) ! ,SOVIET ,UNION 9 #a#i#d#h1 & !N BY ,ALG]IA1 9 P>TICUL> = SOME ( ITS F>MS1 AFT] HAV+ GA9$ ITS 9DEP5D5CE 9 #a#i#f#b4 ,SU* SELF-MANAGEM5T 0ACTUALLY EXI/+0 9 C\NTRIES :]E MO/ SOCIAL ACTIVITIES W]E CONTROLL$ BY ! ,/ATE DID NOT HELP TO CL>IFY ! NOTION4 ,9 ,FRANCE1 ,AUTOGE/ION1 A P]IODICAL LAUN*$ 9 ,FRANCE 5 #a#i#f#f1 IS D$ICAT$ TO SURVEY+ ITS V>I\S MEAN+S4 

,IT IS ! ,C,F,D,T TRADE UNION F$]ATION :I*1 AS E>LY AS #a#i#f#h1 PUTS =W>D SELF-MANAGEM5T AS A RADICAL1 SOCIETY TRANS=M+ PROJECT4 ,! NOTION ITSELF MAY BE VAGUE1 BUT ITS MEAN+ IS EASY TO UND]/&3 IF SOCIALI/ REVOLUTION BECOMES ONCE AGA9 A PROSPECT = SOCIAL =CES1 ! ,C,F,D,T MAKES IT CLE> ?AT IT WILL OPPOSE ! ADV5T ( /ATE SOCIALISM4 ,IT REJECTS ,/ATE CONTROL ( FIRMS & ! SUBORD9ATION ( TRADE UNIONS TO ! ,/ATE4 ,ITS /& IS NOT A PRODUCT ( !ORIZATION3 9 ,MAY1 ! LONG+ = SELF-MANAGEM5T HAS BE5 MU* 9 EVID5CE 9 A GOOD NUMB] ( BRAN*ES & ACTIVITIES1 9 ! ECONOMY & 9 ! WID] SOCIETY4 ,9 #a#i#g1 ! ,C,F,D,T FLE%ES \T ?IS PROSPECT AT ITS CONGRESS4 ,IT COMES \T 9 FAVOR ( A DEMOCRATIC SOCIALISM RE/+ ON ?REE 0PILL>S03 SELFMANAGEM5T1 SOCIAL [N]%IP ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION & EX*ANGE1 & DEMOCRATIC PLANN+4 ,IT DOES NOT D5Y ?AT P[] HAS TO BE WRE/$ FROM ! RUL+ CLASSES1 BUT IT FIRMLY OPPOSES MONOPOLY P[] BY A REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZATION4 ,FROM !N ON1 9 ! ,FR5* WORK]S' MOVEM5T1 A NEW SOCIALI/ PROJECT1 SELF-MANAGEM5T SOCIALISM1 IS JO9+ BATTLE ) ! OLD DEMOCRATIC SOCIALISM & /ATE SOCIALISM4 ,! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY1 & ,L59I/ REVOLUTION>IES ( ALL /RIPES1 >E QUICK TO REJECT :AT !Y D5\NCE AS A NEW IDEALI/IC OR OPPORTUNI/IC DEVIATION4 ,= HIS P>T1 ! ,P,S,U WILL 5DORSE SELF-MANAGEM5T 9 #a#i#g#a1 BUT ONLY PA9FULLY1 BY A SMALL MAJORITY ( ITS MEMB]S4 ,9 ! IMM$IATE AFT]MA? ( ,MAY1 ITS MEMB]%IP1 AL?\< /ILL M9UTE COMP>$ TO ?AT ( ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY1 HAD 9CREAS$ SIGNIFICANTLY & ! ,P,S,U HAD BECOME A BATTLEGR\ND = A NUMB] ( T5D5CIES1 SOME 9SPIR$ BY ,TROTSKYISM & SEV]AL O!RS BY ,MAOISM4 ,! SELF-MANAGEM5T SOCIALI/ MAJORITY WAS MA9LY UNIT$ BY ITS REJECTION ( ! COMPET+ PROPOSALS = ! CON/RUCTION ( A ,L59I/-TYPE VANGU>D ORGANIZATION PUT =W>D BY O!R T5D5CIES4 

,IF1 BY #a#i#g#b1 ! ,P,S,U HAD RE=MULAT$ ITS PROJECT AS SELF-MANAGEM5T SOCIALISM1 ! ,SOCIALI/ P>TY WAS ALSO MAK+ REF]5CES TO SELF-MANAGEM5T4 ,LAT] ON1 ! ,LIGUE COMMUNI/E REVOLUTIONNAIRE1 & EV5 ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TY WILL ALSO EMBRACE SELF-MANAGEM5T4 

,! ,ASSIZES = SOCIALISM WILL PROVE AN OPPORTUNITY = NE>LY HALF ! MEMB]%IP ( ! ,P,S,U TO NEGOTIATE !IR 5TRANCE 9 ! ,SOCIALI/ P>TY4 ,! RUMP ( ! ,P,S,U !N HAS TO CL>IFY ! EXACT NATURE ( ITS POLITICAL PROJECT4 ,A M9ORITY WILL DEM& 9 VA9 ?AT SELF-MANAGEM5T SOCIALISM BE RECOGNIZ$ AS ! PROJECT = A*IEV+ P[] ( A NEW1 EM]G+1 CLASS )9 WAGE-E>N]S2 & AS 
FAC+ ?IS NEW POT5TIAL RUL+ CLASS1 AN EM]G+ EXPLOIT$ CLASS MU* L>G] ?AN ! 9DU/RIAL 
WORK+ CLASS :I* IT WAS NECESS>Y TO HELP A*IEVE POLITICAL EXPRESSION4.<#e#i#i.> 

,AS ! ,P,S,U W5T ON TO SUPPORT ! GOV]NM5T ( ! ,LEFT1 IT SUNK 9 IRRELEVANCE & FOLD$4 ,AS ( TODAY1 ! SELF-MANAGEM5T SOCIALI/ HEIRLOOM IS BE+ CLAIM$ ONLY BY ! ,ALT]NATIFS1.<#f.> ) A MEMB]%IP 9 HUNDR$S1 & NO CLE> POLITICAL PROJECT BESIDE ANTI-LIB]ALISM4 

,BE>]S ( TRADITION1 OR BE>]S ( ! FUTURE8 

,HAV+ WORK$ = MANY YE>S AS A PRO(-READ] 9 NEWSPAP]S1 ,R5E ,LEFEUVRE WAS FULLY ACQUA9T$ ) ! WORK+S ( ! PRESS4 ,9 ,FRANCE1 ! ,N,M,P,P1 A PUBLI%] COOP]ATIVE1 WAS 9 *>GE ( DI/RIBUT+ ALL PAP]S & MAGAZ9ES ?R\<\T ! C\NTRY4 ,?R\< IT1 HIS PUBLICATIONS C\LD BE F\ND AT NEWSAG5TS1' MU* MORE NUM]\S & MORE ACCESSIBLE TO A POPUL> AUDI5CE ?AN BOOK%OPS4 ,BUT TO B5EFIT FROM ?IS NETWORK1 ! ,CAHI]S ,SP>TACUS HAVE HAD TO MA9TA9 ! FICTION ?AT !Y W]E A P]IODICAL.<#f#a.> & MEET TWO REQUIREM5TS3 A M9IMUM FREQU5CY ( EI<T ISSUES P] YE>1 & PR9T RUNS HI< 5\< TO SUPPLY A SIGNIFICANT PROPORTION ( ALL NEWSAG5TS4 ,TO REA* ! REQUIR$ NUMB] ( ISSUES1 PREVI\S PUBLICATIONS HAVE HAD TO BE REPACKAG$ AS NEW2 HI< PR9T RUNS HAVE MEANT SIGNIFICANT UPFRONT CO/S & ALSO RETURN$ QUANTITIES = :I* H&L+ *>GES HAD TO BE PAID4 

,9 #a#i#g#i1 A COMB9ATION ( HEAL? TR\BLE & /RAI<T5$ CIRCUM/ANCES L$ ,R5E TO SET UP A =MAL COLLECTIVE TO HELP HIM MORE &1 9 DUE C\RSE1 TO 5SURE ?AT HIS PUBLI%+ 5DEAVOR W\LD LIVE ON4 ,9 ! #a#i#hS1 NEW AU?ORS W]E ADD$ TO ! CATALOG & A NUMB] ( IMPORTANT TITLES W]E PUBLI%$1 AS = 9/ANCE A NEW $ITION ( ,ANTON ,PANNEKOEK'S ,WORK]S' C\NCILS1 ! TRANSLATION ( :I* BY ,I,C,O HAD ORIG9ALLY BE5 PUBLI%$ BY ,BELIBA/E2 UND] ! COV] TITLE ,TROTSKI1 LE ,/AL9E MANQUE1 WRIT+S BY ,WILLY ,HUHN ANALYZ+ ,TROTSKY'S POLITICAL PROJECT2 ,A LA RE*]*E D'UN COMMUNISME LIB]TAIRE1 A REVIS$ COLLECTION BY ,DANIEL ,GU]9 ( HIS WRIT+S 9 ! P]SPECTIVE ( ! RECONCILIATION ( ! 0TW9 BRO!RS1 FEUD+ BRO!RS02 ,L>RY ,PORTIS' ,I,W,WET SYNDICALISME REVOLUTIONNAIRE AUX ,ETATS-,UNIS1 ! ONLY BOOK 9 ,FR5* D$ICAT$ TO ! HI/ORY ( ! WOBBLIES4 ,ALTOGE!R1 AB\T TW5TY NEW TITLES4 

,R5E DI$ 9 #a#i#h#h1 %ORTLY BE=E ! BREAKUP ( ! ,SOVIET EMPIRE4 ,?IS D[NFALL MAY HAVE R5D]$ ! FI<T AGA9/ ,M>XI/-,L59I/ !ORIES & PROJECTS LESS NECESS>Y4 ,! ,CAHI]S ,SP>TACUS C>RY ON1 FAI?FUL TO ! HI/ORY ( !IR CATALOG4.<#f#b.> ,BUT !IR $ITORIAL WORK IS NOT F$ ANYMORE BY REVOLUTION>Y ATTEMPTS 9 ,EUROPE1 AS HAD BE5 ! CASE 9 ! #a#i#gS4 ,9 ,FRANCE1 ! PUBLICATION ( WRIT+S ON SOCIAL REVOLUTION & REVOLUTION>IES REMA9S LIVELY4 ,SEV]AL DOZ5S ( PUBLI%]S KEEP !M AVAILABLE & ADD TO ! LI/4 ,BUT = ! ,CAHI]S ,SP>TACUS1 IT SEEMS ?AT ONCE 
AGA9 ! LIB]T>IAN SOCIALI/ CURR5T :I* GAVE !M BIR? & ?AT LEGITIMATES !IR EXI/5CE HAS GONE BACK TO SLEEP4 ,H5CE A NUMB] ( QUE/IONS1 :I* MAY BE SO MANY RESE>* TOPICS3 

,ASSUM+ ?AT ! HI/ORY ( ! ,CAHI]S ,SP>TACUS MAY BE BACK$ BY LESS VISIBLE DATA1 SU* AS ! 9T]NAL DEBATES ( POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS & TRADE UNIONS1 C\LD IT BE3 

,?AT DOCTR9ES ( SOCIAL REVOLUTION DO NOT EXI/ BE=E REVOLUTION>Y CRISES1 BUT ?AT !Y >E PRODUC$ BY !M8 

,!RE=E1 EV5 IF TEA*+S CAN BE DRAWN FROM PREVI\S REVOLUTION>Y EPISODES BY ?OSE :O C\LD LIVE ?R\< NEW ONES1 ?AT ! DOCTR9ES !MSELVES WILL HAVE LO/ A GOOD DEAL ( !IR RELEVANCE BECAUSE ( ! *ANGES WR\<T 9TO ! SOCIAL /RUCTURE BETWE5 EPISODES8 

,?AT ONCE ! REVOLUTION>Y WAVE HAS BROK51 ! SOCIAL GR\PS ?AT HAVE RIDD5 IT WILL NOT NECESS>ILY MA9TA9 ! DOCTR9E :I* !Y HAVE =MULAT$ DUR+ IT1 EI!R BECAUSE !Y >E N[ 5SCONC$ 9 ! NEW P[] /RUCTURE & 9 NE$ ( A NEW DOCTR9E 7RE4 ! ,BOL%EVIKS7 OR BECAUSE ! DOCTR9E IS ( NO USE \TSIDE ! REVOLUTION>Y MOM5T 7RE4 ! AUTOGE/ION G5]ALISEE78 

,POLITICAL CURR5TS ( ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T HAVE AS (T5 AS NOT EXPRESS$ !MSELVES 9 WRIT+ & !IR TRAVAILS >E ALSO A SUBJECT MATT] = HI/ORIANS4 ,IS IT AT ALL POSSIBLE TO GAUGE ! 9FLU5CE ?AT MAY HAVE HAD1 OR CAN /ILL HAVE1 WRIT+S SU* AS ?OSE ONCE PUBLI%$ BY ,R5E ,LEFEUVRE1 OR PUBLI%$ TODAY BY PUBLI%]S ( ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 ON !IR 9T5D$ READ]S8 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
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