,IS ?IS ! ,TIME TO ,=M 0,SOVIETS08 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,AMADEO ,BORDIGA 

,TEXT 3 

,FIR/ ,PUBLI%$3 ,IL ,SOVIET1 #ba ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#a#i1 ,VOL4 ,I,I1 ,NO4#c#i2 
,S\RCE3 HTTP3_/_/WWW4GEOCITIES4COM_/,CAPITOL,HILL_/,LOBBY_/#c#i#i_/BORDIGA4HTML2 
,H,T,M,L ,M>KUP3 ,&Y ,BLUND5 #b#c4 

,TWO ( ! >TICLES 9 \R LA/ ISSUE1 ONE DEVOT$ TO AN ANALYSIS ( ! 
COMMUNI/ SY/EM ( REPRES5TATION & ! O!R TO AN EXPOSITION ( ! 
CURR5T TASKS FAC+ \R ,P>TY1 CONCLUD$ BY ASK+ :E!R IT IS POSSIBLE OR 
APPROPRIATE TO SET UP WORK]S' & PEASANTS' C\NCILS TODAY1 :ILE ! P[] ( 
! B\RGEOISIE IS /ILL 9TACT4 ,COMRADE ,ETTORE ,CROCE1 9 A DISCUSSION ( \R 
AB/5TIONI/ !SIS 9 AN >TICLE 9 ,AVANTI61 ASKS ?AT WE %\LD 
HAVE A NEW WEAPON AT ! READY BE=E GETT+ RID ( ! OLD WEAPON ( 
P>LIAM5T>Y ACTION & LOOKS =W>D TO ! =MATION ( ,SOVIETS4 

,9 \R LA/ ISSUE WE CL>IFI$ ! DI/9CTION BETWE5 ! 
TE*NICAL-ECONOMIC & POLITICAL TASKS ( ! ,SOVIET REPRES5TATIVE BODIES1 & 
WE %[$ ?AT ! TRUE ORGANS ( ! PROLET>IAN DICTATOR%IP >E ! LOCAL 
& C5TRAL POLITICAL ,SOVIETS1 9 :I* WORK]S >E NOT SUB-DIVID$ ACCORD+ 
TO !IR P>TICUL> TRADE4 ,! SUPREME AU?ORITY ( !SE ORGANS IS ! ,C5TRAL 
,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE1 :I* NOM9ATES ! ,PEOPLE'S ,COMMISS>S2 P>ALLEL TO !M1 
!RE >ISES A :OLE NETWORK ( ECONOMIC ORGANS1 BAS$ ON FACTORY C\NCILS & 
TRADE UNIONS1 :I* CULM9ATE 9 ! ,C5TRAL ,C\NCIL ( ! ,ECONOMY4 

,9 ,RUSSIA1 WE REPEAT1 :]EAS !RE IS NO TRADE REPRES5TATION 9 ! ,C,E,C 
& ,SOVIET ( ,SOVIETS1 BUT ONLY T]RITORIAL REPRES5TATION1 ?IS IS NOT ! 
CASE AS REG>DS ! ,C\NCIL ( ! ,ECONOMY1 ! ORGAN :I* IS RESPONSIBLE = 
! TE*NICAL IMPLEM5TATION ( ! SOCIALIZATION MEASURES DECRE$ BY ! 
POLITICAL ASSEMBLY4 ,9 ?IS ,C\NCIL1 TRADE F$]ATIONS & LOCAL ECONOMIC 
C\NCILS PLAY A ROLE4 ,! #af ,AUGU/ ISSUE ( ,L',ORD9E ,NUOVO 
CONTA9$ AN 9T]E/+ >TICLE ON ! ,SOVIET-TYPE SY/EM ( SOCIALIZATION4 
,?IS >TICLE EXPLA9$ H[ 9 A FIR/ /AGE1 DUBB$ AN>*O-SYNDICALI/1 ! 
FACTORY C\NCILS W\LD TAKE OV] ! MANAGEM5T ( PRODUCTION1 BUT ?AT 
SUBSEQU5TLY1 9 LAT] /AGES 9VOLV+ C5TRALIZATION1 !Y W\LD LOSE 
IMPORTANCE4 ,9 ! 5D !Y W\LD BE NO?+ MORE ?AN CLUBS & MUTUAL B5EFIT 
& 9/RUCTION SOCIETIES = ! WORK]S 9 A P>TICUL> FACTORY4 

,IF WE %IFT \R ATT5TION TO ! ,G]MAN COMMUNI/ MOVEM5T1 WE SEE 9 ! 
PROGRAM ( ! ,SP>TACUS ,LEAGUE ?AT ! ,WORK]S' & ,SOLDI]S' ,C\NCILS1 ! 
BODIES :I* >E TO TAKE ! PLACE ( ! B\RGEOIS P>LIAM5TS & MUNICIPAL 
C\NCILS1 >C QUITE DIFF]5T FROM FACTORY C\NCILS1 :I* 7,>T4 #g ( ,SECTION 
,I,I,I7 REGULATES WORK+ CONDITIONS & CONTROL PRODUCTION1 9 AGREEM5T ) 
! WORK]S' C\NCILS1 & EV5TUALLY TAKE OV] ! MANAGEM5T ( ! :OLE 
5T]PRISE4 

,9 ,RUSSIAN PRACTICE1 FACTORY MANAGEM5T WAS MADE UP TO ! EXT5T ( ONLY 
ONE-?IRD BY REPRES5TATIVES FROM ! FACTORY C\NCIL1 ONE-?IRD BY 
REPRES5TATIVES FROM ! ,SUPREME ,C\NCIL ( ! ,ECONOMY1 & ONE-?IRD BY 
REPRES5TATIVES FROM ! ,C5TRAL ,F$]ATION ( ,9DU/RY 7! 9T]E/S ( ! 
WORK-=CE1 ! G5]AL 9T]E/S ( SOCIETY1 & ! 9T]E/S ( ! 
P>TICUL> 9DU/RIAL SECTOR74 

,9 ,G]MANY AGA91 ELECTIONS TO ! ,WORK]S' ,C\NCILS >E >RANG$ 9 
ACCORDANCE ) ! =MULA3 ONE C\NCIL MEMB] TO EV]Y #a1 ELECTORS4 ,ONLY 
! L>GE FACTORIES ) OV] #a1 WORK]S CON/ITUTE A S+LE ELECTORAL UNIT2 
9 ! CASE ( SMALL FACTORIES & ! UNEMPLOY$1 VOT+ TAKES PLACE 9 
ACCORDANCE ) ME?ODS E/ABLI%$ BY ! ELECTORAL COMMISSION 9 AGREEM5T 
) V>I\S TRADE ORGANIZATIONS4 

,IT SEEMS TO US ?AT WE HAVE M>%AL$ 5\< EVID5CE H]E TO BE ABLE TO 
DECL>E \RSELVES SUPPORT]S ( A SY/EM ( REPRES5TATION ?AT IS CLE>LY 
DIVID$ 9TO TWO DIVISIONS3 ECONOMIC & POLITICAL4 ,AS F> AS ECONOMIC 
FUNCTIONS >E CONC]N$1 EA* FACTORY WILL HAVE ITS [N FACTORY C\NCIL ELECT$ 
BY ! WORK]S2 ?IS WILL HAVE A P>T TO PLAY 9 ! SOCIALIZATION & 
SUBSEQU5T MANAGEM5T ( ! PLANT 9 ACCORDANCE ) SUITABLE CRIT]IA4 ,AS F> 
AS ! POLITICAL FUNCTION IS CONC]N$1 ?AT IS TO SAY ! =MATION ( LOCAL 
& C5TRAL ORGANS ( AU?ORITY1 ELECTIONS TO PROLET>IAN C\NCILS WILL BE HELD 
ON ! BASIS ( ELECTORAL ROLLS 9 :I* 7) ! RIGOR\S EXCLUSION ( ALL 
B\RGEOIS1 I4E4 PEOPLE :O 9 ANY WAY :ATSOEV] LIVE (F ! WORK ( O!RS7 
ALL PROLET>IANS >E 9CLUD$ ON AN EQUAL FOOT+1 IRRESPECTIVE ( !IR TRADE1 
& EV5 IF !Y >E 7LEGITIMATELY7 UNEMPLOY$ OR 9CAPACITAT$4 ,BE>+ ALL 
?IS 9 M9D1 IS IT POSSIBLE1 OR DESIRABLE1 TO SET UP ,SOVIETS N[8 

,IF WE >E SPEAK+ ( FACTORY C\NCILS1 !SE >E ALREADY SPREAD+ 9 ! 
=M ( 9T]NAL COMMISSIONS1 OR ! ,5GLI% 0%OP /EW>DS0 SY/EM4 ,AS !SE 
>E ORGANS :I* REPRES5T ! 9T]E/S ( ! WORK-=CE1 !Y %\LD BE SET 
UP EV5 :ILE ! FACTORY IS /ILL 9 ! H&S ( PRIVATE CAPITAL4 ,9DE$ IT 
W\LD C]TA9LY BE TO \R ADVANTAGE TO URGE ! SETT+ UP ( !SE FACTORY 
C\NCILS1 AL?\< WE %\LD 5T]TA9 NO ILLUSIONS AS TO !IR 9NATE 
REVOLUTION>Y CAPACITY4 ,:I* BR+S US TO ! MO/ IMPORTANT PROBLEM1 ?AT ( 
POLITICAL ,SOVIETS4 ,! POLITICAL ,SOVIET REPRES5TS ! COLLECTIVE 9T]E/S ( 
! WORK+ CLASS1 9 SO F> AS ?IS CLASS DOES NOT %>E P[] ) ! 
B\RGEOISIE1 BUT HAS SUCCE$$ 9 OV]?R[+ IT & EXCLUD+ IT FROM P[]4 
,H5CE ! FULL SIGNIFICANCE & /R5G? ( ! ,SOVIET LIES NOT 9 ?IS OR ?AT 
/RUCTURE1 BUT 9 ! FACT ?AT IT IS ! ORGAN ( A CLASS :I* IS TAK+ ! 
MANAGEM5T ( SOCIETY 9TO ITS [N H&S4 ,EV]Y MEMB] ( ! ,SOVIET IS A 
PROLET>IAN CONSCI\S ?AT HE IS EX]CIS+ DICTATOR%IP 9 ! NAME ( HIS [N 
CLASS4 

,IF ! B\RGEOIS CLASS IS /ILL 9 P[]1 EV5 IF IT W]E POSSIBLE TO SUMMON 
PROLET>IAN ELECTORS TO NOM9ATE !IR DELEGATES 7= !RE IS NO QUE/ION ( 
US+ ! TRADE UNIONS OR EXI/+ 9T]NAL COMMISSIONS = ! PURPOSE71 ONE 
W\LD SIMPLY BE GIV+ A =MAL IMITATION ( A FUTURE ACTIVITY1 AN IMITATION 
DEVOID ( ITS FUNDAM5TAL REVOLUTION>Y *>ACT]4 ,?OSE :O CAN REPRES5T ! 
PROLET>IAT TODAY1 BE=E IT TAKES P[] TOMORR[1 >E 
WORK]S :O >E CONSCI\S ( ?IS HI/ORICAL EV5TUALITY2 9 O!R WORDS1 ! 
WORK]S :O >E MEMB]S ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 

,9 ITS /RUGGLE AGA9/ B\RGEOIS P[]1 ! PROLET>IAT IS REPRES5T$ BY 
ITS CLASS P>TY1 EV5 IF ?IS CONSI/S ( NO MORE ?AN AN AUDACI\S 
M9ORITY4 ,! ,SOVIETS ( TOMORR[ MU/ >ISE FROM ! LOCAL BRAN*ES OR ! 
,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,IT IS !SE :I* WILL BE ABLE TO CALL ON ELEM5TS :O1 AS 
SOON AS ! REVOLUTION IS VICTORI\S1 WILL BE PROPOS$ AS C&IDATES BE=E ! 
PROLET>IAN ELECTORAL MASSES TO SET UP ! ,C\NCILS ( LOCAL WORK] 
DELEGATES4 

,BUT IF IT IS TO FULFILL !SE FUNCTIONS1 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY MU/ AB&ON 
ITS P>TICIPATION 9 ELECTIONS TO ORGANS ( B\RGEOIS DEMOCRACY4 ,! 
REASONS SUPPORT+ ?IS /ATEM5T >E OBVI\S4 ,! ,P>TY %\LD HAVE AS MEMB]S 
ONLY ?OSE 9DIVIDUALS :O CAN COPE ) ! RESPONSIBILITIES & DANG]S ( 
! /RUGGLE DUR+ ! P]IOD ( 9SURRECTION & SOCIAL REORGANIZATION4 ,! 
CONCLUSION ?AT WE %\LD AB&ON \R P>TICIPATION 9 ELECTIONS ONLY :5 WE 
HAVE ,SOVIETS AVAILABLE IS MI/AK54 ,A MORE ?OR\< EXAM9ATION ( ! QUE/ION 
LEADS ONE 9/EAD TO ! FOLL[+ CONCLUSION3 = AS LONG AS B\RGEOIS P[] 
EXI/S1 ! ORGAN ( REVOLUTION IS ! CLASS P>TY2 AFT] ! SMA%+ ( 
B\RGEOIS P[]1 IT IS ! NETWORK ( WORK]S' C\NCILS4 ,! CLASS P>TY CANNOT 
FULFILL ?IS ROLE1 NOR BE 9 A POSITION TO LEAD ! ASSAULT AGA9/ B\RGEOIS 
P[] 9 ORD] TO REPLACE P>LIAM5T>Y DEMOCRACY BY ! ,SOVIET SY/EM1 UNLESS 
IT R5\NCES ! PRACTICE ( DISPAT*+ ITS [N REPRES5TATIVES TO B\RGEOIS 
ORGANS4 ,?IS R5UNCIATION1 :I* IS NEGATIVE ONLY 9 A =MAL S5SE1 IS ! 
PRIME CONDITION TO BE SATISFI$ IF ! =CES ( ! COMMUNI/ PROLET>IAT >E 
TO BE MOBILIZ$4 ,TO BE UNWILL+ TO MAKE SU* A R5UNCIATION IS TANTAM\NT TO 
AB&ON+ \R PO/URE ( READ9ESS TO DECL>E CLASS W> AT ! FIR/ AVAILABLE 
OPPORTUNITY4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #c1 #bba 3 ,IS ?IS ! ,TIME TO ,=M 0,SOVIETS08 -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #h1 #bbb 3 ,IS ?IS ! ,TIME TO ,=M 0,SOVIETS08 -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/