,LETT] TO ,A4 ,M4 ,B\TTEVILLE 
,ON ,PR\DHON'S 0,KRONOS0 

#ahea 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PI]RE-,JOSEPH ,PR\DHON 

,TRANSLATOR 3 ,%AWN ,P4 ,WILBUR 

,TEXT 3 

,9 ! BIOGRAPHICAL 9TRODUCTION TO ,TUCK]'S $ITION ( ,:AT IS ,PROP]TY8 IS A BRIEF M5TION ?AT >\ND #ahea ,PR\DHON'S 05T]TA9$ ! IDEA ( WRIT+ A UNIV]SAL HI/ORY 5TITL$ 0,*RONOS40 ,?IS PROJECT WAS NEV] FULFILL$40 ,!RE WAS PROBABLY NO %ORTAGE ( 0UNIV]SAL HI/ORY0 9 ,FRANCE BY #a#h#e1 AL?\< AN 5TRY BY ,PR\DHON W\LD NO D\BT HAVE BE5 NOVEL & 9T]E/+4 ,! ,SA9T-,SIMONIANS & !IR ALLIES1 9CLUD+ ,P4 ,J4 ,B4 ,BU*EZ1 ,AUGU/E ,OTT1 ,PI]RE ,L]\X1 HAD WRITT5 VOLUME AFT] VOLUME ON ! SUBJECT4 ,9 #a#h#d#i1 ,WILLIAM ,B4 ,GRE5E PUBLI%$ HIS ,REM>KS ,ON ,! ,HI/ORY ,( ,SCI5CE2 ,FOLL[$ ,BY ,AN ,APRIORI ,AUTOBIOGRAPHY1 :I* WAS GREET$ BY ,BO/ON'S RADICAL M9I/]S ) 09EXT+UI%ABLE PEALS ( LAU<T]10 BUT :I* MAY HAVE BE5 A LITTLE ,FR5* = HIS AUDI5CES 9 ANY EV5T4 ,ORE/ES ,BR[SON TOOK ISSUE ) ! NOTION ( AN 0A PRIORI HI/ORY10 BUT HE1 AT LEA/1 %\LD HAVE KN[N :]E ALL ?IS WAS COM+ FROM1 AS HE HAD BE5 9/RUM5TAL 9 9TRODUC+ ,L]\X TO ,AM]ICAN AUDI5CES4 ,! TRU? IS ?AT ALL ( ?IS /UFF IS PRETTY H>D SL$D+ A C5TURY & A HALF LAT]4 ,BUT 9 ITS TIME1 ! ASSUMPTION WAS WIDESPREAD ?AT A SCI5CE ( HI/ORY OR A PHILOSOPHY ( PROGRESS C\LD BE ELABORAT$4 ,9 ! 0,FIR/ ,LETT]0 ( HIS ,PHILOSOPHY ( ,PROGRESS1 = EXAMPLE1 ,PR\DHON 7NOT G5]ALLY ONE ( ! NAMES ASSOCIAT$ ) ?IS TRADITION7 WROTE3 

,IF !N ,I C\LD ONCE PUT MY F+] ON ! OPPOSITION ?AT ,I PUT BETWE5 !SE TWO IDEAS1 TO EXPLA9 :AT ,I MEAN BY ,PROGRESS & :AT ,I CONSID] ,ABSOLUTE1 ,I W\LD HAVE GIV5 ! PR9CIPLE1 SECRET & KEY TO ALL MY POLEMICS2 Y\ W\LD POSSESS ! LOGICAL L9K ( ALL ( MY IDEAS2 & Y\ C\LD1 ) ?AT NOTION ALONE1 BECOME = Y\ ) REG>D TO ME AN 9FALLIBLE CRIT]ION1 NOT ONLY E/IMATE ! 5SEMBLE ( MY PUBLICATIONS1 BUT =ECA/ & SIGNAL 9 ADVANCE ! PROPOSITIONS ?AT SOON] OR LAT] ,I MU/ AFFIRM OR D5Y1 ! DOCTR9ES ( :I* ,I WILL HAVE TO MAKE MYSELF ! DEF5D] OR ADV]S>Y2 Y\ W\LD BE ABLE1 ,I SAY1 TO EVALUATE & JUDGE ALL MY !SES BY :AT ,I HAVE SAID & BY :AT ,I DO NOT KN[4 ,Y\ W\LD KN[ ME1 9TUS ET 9 CUTE1 SU* AS ,I AM1 SU* AS ,I HAVE BE5 ALL MY LIFE1 & SU* AS ,I W\LD F9D MYSELF 9 A ?\S& YE>S1 IF ,I C\LD LIVE A ?\S& YE>S3 ! MAN :OSE ?\<T ALWAYS ADVANCES1 :OSE PROGRAM WILL NEV] BE F9I%$4 ,& AT :ATEV] MOM5T 9 MY C>E] Y\ W\LD COME TO KN[ ME1 :ATEV] CONCLUSION Y\ C\LD COME TO REG>D+ ME1 Y\ W\LD HAVE ALWAYS1 EI!R TO ABSOLVE ME 9 ! NAME ( ,PROGRESS1 OR TO CONDEMN ME 9 ! NAME ( ! ,ABSOLUTE4 

,WE >E NOT F> FROM ! REALM ( 0A PRIORI AUTOBIOGRAPHY40 ,& ?IS IS RI<T 9 ! MID/ ( ,PR\DHON'S EXPLANATION ( HIS [N DRIV+ PHILOSOPHY1 :AT HE WILL CALL HIS 0RELIGION40 ,IF ! ,*RONOS 7OR ,KRONOS7 WAS NEV] WRITT51 IT WAS PROBABLY NOT A PASS+ FANCY4 ,! NEXT WORK ?AT ,PR\DHON DID COMPLETE WAS ,! ,PHILOSOPHY ( ,PROGRESS1 & ?AT WORK L$ NATURALLY TO ,W> & ,PEACE & ,JU/ICE 9 ! ,REVOLUTION & 9 ! ,*UR*1 AS WELL AS ! HI/ORICAL ACC\NTS 9 ,! ,!ORY ( ,PROP]TY & V>I\S ( ! PO/HUM\S WORKS4 

,WE KN[ A BIT AB\T ,PR\DHON'S PLANS1 FROM SOME LETT]S HE WROTE4 ,WE KN[ ?AT HE WAS WORK+ ) ,M>C-,LUCI5 ,B\TTEVILLE1 :O WAS EV5TUALLY ! $ITOR ( ,PR\DHON'S PO/HUM\SLY-PUBLI%$ ,CONTRADICTIONS POLITIQUES1 & :O PUBLI%$ 9 #ahfc A VOLUME 5TITL$ ,LA MORALE DE L'EGLISE ET LA MORALE NATURELLE :I* %[S CONSID]ABLE ,PR\DHONIAN 9FLU5CE4 ,SO F>1 ,I'VE F\ND NO EVID5CE ?AT ! COLLABORATION W5T MU* ( ANY:]E1 BUT ! CORRESPOND5CE RELAT+ TO IT IS 9T]E/+4 ,H]E'S ! KEY LETT]3 

,SA9TE-,PELAGIE1 ,DECEMB] #a#g1 #a#h#e#a4 

,A4 ,M4 ,B,\,T,T,E,V,I,L,L,E 

,MY DE> ,B\TTEVILLE1 ! MORE ,I ADVANCE 9 MY 9DIVIDUAL LABORS1 ! MORE ,I REALIZE ?AT ! WORK ?AT WE MAKE 9 COMMON MU/ BE CONCEIV$ &1 AS MU* AS POSSIBLE1 WRITT5 ACCORD+ ! PLAN ( M9E1 & 9 A MANN] SO AS TO S]VE IT AS CONT9UATION & CONCLUSION4 ,! HI/ORY ( DEMOCRACY IS NO?+ O!R ?AN ! HI/ORY ( ! EMANCIPATION ( ! HUMAN SPIRIT 9 ALL SPH]ES1 &1 & )\T C\NT+ ! DISADVANTAGES = US TO PUBLI% A BOOK SOON DESCRIB$ AS DEMAGOGIC1 IT IS CLE> ?AT BY TAK+ ! WORD DEMOCRACY 9 A S5SE TOO CLOSE TO ?AT ( JACOB9ISM1 WE MAKE QUITE USELESSLY ! MONOGRAPH ( A HYPO!SIS REJECT$ = ! MOM5T1 & P]HAPS = MANY YE>S4 

,?US1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO 5L>GE FUR!R \R VIEWS & \R PLAN1 & TO MAKE \RSELVES MORE G5]ALIZ+1 MORE PR(\ND1 BY SACRIFIC+ SOME?+ ( ! EPIC 9T]E/4 

,I HAVE DECID$ TO GIVE MY BOOK ! TITLE ,KRONOS 7OR :ATEV] Y\ PLEASE71 TO MAT* ! ,COSMOS ( ,A4 DE ,HUMBOLDT4 

,IT WILL 9CLUDE1 FROM ! ORIG9 ( ?+S1 ! CREATION1 AS !Y SAY1 UP TO ,LU!R1 ! MOM5T :]E \R HI/ORY BEG9S1 & WILL BE DIVID$ 9TO SIXTE5 P]IODS4 

,FROM ,LU!R'S TIME UNTIL \R [N REQUIRES F\R O!RS 7TW5TY ALTOG!R71 DIVID$ ?US3 

#a#g? - ,FROM ,LU!R TO ! ,TREATY ( ,WE/PHALIA 7#a#e#a#g-L#f#d#h7 

#a#h? - ,FROM ! ,TREATY ( ,WE/PHALIA TO ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION 7#a#f#d#h-#a#g#h#i7 

#a#i? - ,! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION 7#a#g#h#i-#a#h#d#h7 

#b? - ,SOCIALISM 7#a#h#d#h-"9"9"9"97 

,WE WILL PRES]VE ?AT DI/RIBUTION2 ! LA/ P]IOD WILL S]VE AS ! HI/ORIC & PROPHETIC CONCLUSION ( ! N9ETE5 PREC$+4 

,IT IS NECESS>Y !N = Y\ TO ATTA* TO ?IS SUMM>Y ALL ! FACTS RELAT+ TO ,*RI/IAN-,MUSLIM-,EUROPEAN CIVILIZATION1 9CLUD+ ,AM]ICA 7EXCLUD+ ,*9A1 ,9DIA1 ,MONGOLIA1 ! ,ASIATIC >*IPELAGO1 ! ,BURMAS1 ,SIAM1 ,JAPAN1 ETC41 ) ! EXCEPTION ( ?AT :I* CONC]NS ! AFFAIRS ( ,EUROPE71 & TAKE = A SUP]IOR PR9CIPLE ( HI/ORICAL DIRECTION ! MOVEM5T ( NATIONS T[>DS AN ORD] ( ?+S :I* MU/ REALIZE AT ONCE LIB]TY 79DIVIDUAL1 LOCALE1 ETC47 9 ITS HI<E/ EXPRESSION1 & ! UNITY( ! HUMAN RACE4 

,?US1 MY WORK & Y\RS WILL =M A CONT9U\S S]IES1 )\T CROSS$ PURPOSES OR REPETITIONS4 ,BY CONS]V+ MORE SPACE 9 ! TREATM5T ( MY FIR/ SIXTE5 P]IODS1 ,I C\LD GIVE MORE SCOPE1 9T]E/ & EVID5CE TO ! DEMON/RATION ( REC5T TIMES1 AS ALSO1 9 COND5S+ MORE ! MANN] ( ! FIR/ P>T ( ,BOSSUET'S ,DISC\RS SUR L',HI/OIRE UNIV]SELLE1 & 9CLUD+ ONLY ?AT TABLE ( FACTS1 CITATIONS1 REFLECTIONS ( MAJOR 9T]E/S1 WE WILL HAVE MADE A WORK ( S\ND PHILOSOPHY1 9/EAD ( A MA/]PIECE ( LIT]ATURE4 

,IT IS UND]/OOD ?AT 9 ! ,HI/OIRE DE LA ,DEMOCRATIE MOD]NE1 ! EXPOSITION 9 ORD] ( DATES1 AS ,I EMPLOY IT 9 ,KRONOS1 WILL NOT BE FOLL[$2 9 ?IS REG>D1 ! TWO WORKS1 ?\< =M+ A CONT9U\S :OLE1 WILL DIFF] NOTICEABLY4 ,IT WILL BE NECESS>Y TO FOLL[ ! ME?OD ( ,PO9SON1 DU ,ROZI] & ,DES ,MI*ELS 9 !IR V]Y SUB/ANTIAL1 CONSCI5TI\S & EXACT1 BUT 9SUFFICI5TLY PHILOSOPHICAL SUMM>IES ( ! ,GREEK1 ,LAT9 & ,M$IEVAL HI/ORY4 

,9 A WORD1 LET US NOT LOOSE SI<T ( ! FACT ?AT WE MU/ NOT AIM TO R5D] USELESS ! WORKS MADE BE=E US1 OR ?OSE ?AT WILL BE MADE AFT]1 BUT TO MAKE A TREATISE :I* ?R[S LI<T ON ! :OLE HI/ORY ( HUMANITY & E/ABLI%ES ITS PHILOSOPHY4 

,AT \R NEXT MEET+1 ,I WILL SPEAK AT MORE L5G? ( ALL !SE ?+S1 &1 9 MAK+ Y\ A P>T ( MY [N WORK1 ,I WILL CONV9CE Y\ ( ! EASE ) :I* ,I GR\P 9 A S+LE N>RATIVE1 A S+LE IDEA1 & S+LE G5]AL EVOLUTION1 ALL ! HI/ORY = EXAMPLE ( ! N9ETE5? & TW5TIE? C5TURIES1 :I* 9CLUDES AS Y\ KN[ BESIDES3 

,! EMPIRE ( ,*>LEMAGNE & ALL ITS DIVISIONS2 

,! ,GREEK EMPIRE ( ! ,ORI5T2 

,! PAPACY & ! S*ISM ( ,PHOTIOS2 

,! ,ANGLES1 ,SAXONS1 ,NORMANS1 ,SLAVS1 ETC4 

,ISLAM1 SUBDIVID$ 9 ?REE OR F\R 9DEP5D5T CALIPHATES & 9 TWO GREAT P>TIES2 

,! W> ( ,SPA9 AGA9/ ! ,MOORS1 ETC4 

,ALL ( ?AT1 & IT IS ! :OLE WORLD 7M9US ! ,F> ,EA/1 ! EVOLUTION ( :I* SEP>ATE1 BUT ALWAYS ON ! SAME PLAN & BY VIRTUE ( ! SAME LAWS71 ALL ?AT1 ,I SAY1 SO COMPLICAT$ MOM5TS1 CAN ONLY BE ONE1 ABSOLUTELY ONE1 & IT IS AS EASY TO REC\NT ?AT UNIV]SAL HI/ORY1 BY /AT+ AT ONCE ALL ! CONTEMPOR>Y FACTS1 AS IT IS TO DESCRIBE A SESSION ( ! ,CONV5TION4 

,SO GR\P1 RESE>*1 ACCUMULATE ! FACTS1 & LIMIT Y\RSELF TO GIV+ !M ! MO/ FAI?FUL EXPRESSION2 DO NOT MANAGE ! DATES & ! FACTS4 ,WE MU/ RAISE A MONUM5T :I* OV]%AD[S ,CA?OLICISM & TYRANNY1 & :I* IS AS PRECI\S & AS ACCESSIBLE TO ! IGNORANT AS TO ! WISE4 

,MY FIRM CONVICTION IS ?AT WE CAN DO ?IS IF WE WI% TO1 & ?AT ?IS D\BLE LABOR MU/ CA/ ON ! DE/9IES ( ! SPECIES AN AS YET UNKN[N & 9EXT+UI%ABLE LI<T4 

,! ,KRONOS ALONE WILL =M TWO L>GE VOLUMES1 AS MU* AS ! ,HI/OIRE DE LA ,DEMOCRATIE MOD]NE4 ,BY ABRIDG+ FROM IT ! :OLE SPACE ( TIME ?AT ! O!R 9CLUDES1 ,I WILL GIVE IT MORE LUCIDITY1 FIRMNESS & SCOPE1 & MAKE \R LABOR MORE COMPLETE1 EASI] TO MAKE & TO UND]/&1 & MORE CONCLUSIVE4 ,IT WILL ALWAYS BE ! SAME WORK1 PUBLI%$ 9 TWO =MS & BY TWO DIFF]5T PUBLI%]S4 

,I HOPE1 MY DE> FRI5D1 ?AT 9/EAD ( BECOM+ IMPATI5T ) MY RE%UFFL+S1 Y\ UND]/& AS ,I DO ?AT IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO MAKE A SPECIAL HI/ORY OR ANY MONOGRAPH )\T KN[+ AS A BASIS UNIV]SAL HI/ORY1 & ?AT Y\ WILL BE GRATEFUL TO ME = CONTRIBUT+ ?US1 AL?\< 9DIRECTLY1 TO ! COMPOSITION ( A WORK :I*1 )\T ?AT CONTRIBUTION W\LD1 ,I W>N Y\1 HAVE RUN ! RISK ( BE+ ONLY A PLEA = ! GOOD ( ! CAUSE4 

,BESIDES1 Y\ UND]/& ?AT ! PLAN ?AT ,I HAVE M>K$ = Y\ HAS NO NE$ ( MODIFICATIONS4 ,! L>GE DIVISIONS & ! G5]AL S5SE ,I HAVE 9DICAT$ >E ALREADY ! CONSEQU5CE ( MY [N /UDIES2 ,I ASK ( Y\ ONLY MORE G5]ALITY /ILL1 MORE UNIV]SALITY1 CONCIS5ESS & FULLNESS4 

,! C5TURY HAS 5\< LIT]ATURE3 LET US GIVE IT FACTS & TRU?S4 ,ONE IS ALWAYS ELOQU5T 5\< :5 ONE IS ,NEWTON1 ,CUVI] OR ,JUSSIEU2 LET US TRY TO BE SOME?+ LIKE ?OSE G5TLEM54 ,IF !Y >E JU/LY ADMIR$1 !Y >E NOT1 AFT] ALL1 GODS4 

,I EXT5D MY H& TO Y\4 

,P4-,J4 ,PR\DHON4 

,SL[LY BUT SURELY ! %APE ( ,PR\DHON'S L>G] PROJECT EM]GES1 & SOME ( ! KEY DIFF]5CES BETWE5 HIS WORK & ?AT ( ,GRE5E SEEM TO LOOM CONSID]ABLY LESS L>GE4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,DECEMB] #a#g1 #ahea 3 ,LETT] TO ,A4 ,M4 ,B\TTEVILLE -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,AUGU/ #b#g1 #bba 3 ,LETT] TO ,A4 ,M4 ,B\TTEVILLE -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #i1 #bbb 3 ,LETT] TO ,A4 ,M4 ,B\TTEVILLE -- ,UPDAT$4 

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