,LIB]T>IAN ,SOCIALISM & ,AU?ORIT>IAN ,SOCIALISM 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,F]D9& ,JACOBUS ,DOMELA ,NIEUW5HUIS 

,TEXT 3 

,?\<T EV] M>*ES ONW>DS--& MORE RAPIDLY ?AN WE IMAG9E4 ,ONE YE> AT ! PRES5T TIME IS EQUIVAL5T1 SO F> AS ! DEVELOPM5T ( IDEAS IS CONC]N$1 TO TW5TY-FIVE YE>S ( ! PA/1 & FEW ( US CAN KEEP PACE ) ! WORLD'S 9TELLECTUAL PROGRESS4 

,! OLD /RUGGLE BETWE5 =CE & FRE$OM1 :I* ?R\< ! C5TURIES HAS 5GAG$ HUMAN ATT5TION IS F> FROM BE+ AT AN 5D4 ,EV]Y:]E IT REVEALS ITSELF 9 A DIFF]5T =M1 & 9 ALL QU>T]S IT MAY BE 5C\NT]$1 9 ! MORAL & POLITICAL SPH]ES4 

,! PR9CIPLE ( AU?ORITY IS ! MA/]Y ( MAN BY MAN1 :ATEV] MAY BE ! %APE IT ASSUMES4 

,! PR9CIPLE ( LIB]TY IMPLIES ! P[] ( EA* 9DIVIDUAL TO EXPRESS HIS OP9ION FREELY1 & TO >RANGE HIS LIFE 9 CON=MITY ) ?AT OP9ION4 

,A MAN IS PREEM95TLY AN 5TITY DI/9CT FROM ALL O!RS4 & ! BE+ W\LD BE V]Y MIS*IEV\SLY ACTUAT$ :O W\LD 9T5TIONALLY SEEK TO DE/ROY ?AT 9DIVIDUALITY1 ! F9E/ & NOBLE/ TRAIT ( HUMAN NATURE1 OR :O W\LD DESIRE TO MAKE ! *>ACT]FUL UNIT DISAPPE> 9 A FEATURELESS MASS ( MANK9D4 ,SU* A VILE PURPOSE W\LD HAVE = ITS 5D ! COMPLETE DE/RUCTION ( ALL ?AT T5DS TO DIGNIFY HUMANITY4 

,MAN IS1 H[EV]1 A SOCIAL BE+1 & AS SU* HE MU/ NECESS>ILY TAKE 9TO CONSID]ATION ! RI<TS & NE$S ( HIS FELL[S LIV+ ALONG ) HIM 9 A COMMUNITY4 ,:OEV] CONSID]S ! B5EFITS ( SOCIAL LIFE MORE IMPORTANT ?AN ?OSE :I* C\LD POSSIBLY ACCRUE TO HIM FROM A PURELY 9DIVIDUAL EXI/5CE WILL READILY YIELD TO SOCIETY A PORTION ( HIS 9DIVIDUALITY4 ,A FREE CITIZ5 WILL *E]FULLY DEPRIVE HIMSELF ( MANY LEGITIMATE 9DULG5CES PROVID$ ?AT HIS P]SONALITY BE NOT COMPLETELY SMO!R$ & SUPPRESS$ BY COLLECTIVISM4 

,IT IS V]Y DIFFICULT1 SOMETIMES WELLNI< IMPOSSIBLE1 TO DRAW AN ACCURATE DELIMITATION BETWE5 ! PR9CIPLES ( AU?ORITY & LIB]TY4 ,DUE ALL[ANCE MU/ BE MADE1 BO? 9 RESPECT ( 9DIVIDUALS & SOCIETIES1 = TEMP]AM5T1 NATIONALITY1 5VIRONM5T1 & MANY O!R 9FLU5CES4 

,!SE TWO GREAT CONT5D+ PR9CIPLES1 EVID5T 9 EV]Y POLITICAL AGGLOM]ATION1 >E VISIBLY BUSY 9 ! SOCIALI/ P>TY4 ,WE EASILY F9D1 )\T LOOK+ F> AFIELD1 A ,LIB]T>IAN & AN ,AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIALISM4 

,AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIALISM IS MADE 9 ,G]MANY1 & 9 ?AT C\NTRY IT ?RIVES ! BE/4 ,H[EV]1 !RE >E DISCIPLES ( ! S*OOL 9 EV]Y L& :]E ! PROLET>IAT HAS RIS5 9TO CONSCI\SNESS4 ,YET WE MAY FAIRLY D5OM9ATE IT ,G]MAN4 

,LIB]T>IAN SOCIALISM1 MORE AK9 TO ! HOPES & SPIRIT ( ! ,FR5* PEOPLE1 HAS TAK5 ROOT 9 ,FRANCE1 & SPREADS ITS BRAN*ES OV] EV]Y NATION :]E FRE$OM HAS OBTA9$ A SECURE & WELL-E/ABLI%$ POSITION4 ,SOME HAVE TRI$ TO GRAFT ,G]MAN SOCIALISM ON ! BODY ( ,FR5* SOCIALISM1 & !RE EV5 EXI/S SU* A FACTION 9 ,FRANCE1 :I* FACTION1 ILLU/RAT+ ! RULE ?AT A COPY 9V>IABLY EXAGG]ATES ! ORIG9AL1 IS EV5 MORE ,G]MAN ?AN ! ,G]MANS !MSELVES ,?IS GR\P IS KN[N AS ! ,M>XI/S OR ,GUESDI/S4 ,A SOCIALISM ( ?AT K9D1 H[EV]4 WILL NEV] MAKE HEADWAY TO ANY CONSID]ABLE EXT5T AMONG ! ,FR5* PEOPLE1 :O TO ACCOMODATE !MSELVES TO ,G]MAN W\LD FIR/ HAVE TO GET RID ( !IR UNTRAMMEL$ 9TELLECT4 ,N[ ?AT IS IMPOSSIBLE1 SO A REACTION>Y /EP IS LITTLE TO BE DREAD$4 ,C\NTRIES :]E LIB]TY IS NOT ALTOGE!R UNKN[N--AS IS TO-DAY ! CASE 9 ,G]MANY1 A L& SC>CELY EMANCIPAT$ FROM FEUDALISM--9CL9E BY 9TELLIG5T PREF]5CE T[>DS ,FR5* SOCIALISM4 ,AMONG !M MAY BE NAM$ ,5GL&1 ,HOLL&1 ,ITALY1 & ,SPA91 :ILE ON ! O!R H&1 ,AU/RIA1 ,SWITZ]L&1 ,D5M>K1 & ,BELGIUM IMITATE ! ,G]MAN MODEL4 

,IT W\LD NOT BE RI<T TO CONSID] ! =EGO+ A H>D & FA/ DIVISION1 = !RE MAY BE F\ND ! NUCLEI ( FREE SOCIALISM 9 AU?ORIT>IAN C\NTRIES1 & 9V]SELY ! SITUATION IS SIMIL>4 ,NEV]!LESS1 9 BROAD L9ES1 \R DELIM9ATION MAY /& AS /AT$4 ,9 CONT9UATION ( O!R >TICLES ?AT HAVE APPE>$ 9 !SE COLUMNS1 TO WIT 0,! V>I\S T5D5CIES ( ,G]MAN ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY0 7#a7 & 0,SOCIALISM 9 ,DANG]0 7#b7 WE WI% TO FOLL[ ! EVID5T DEVELOPM5T ( SOCIALISM UP TO DATE4 

,9 MY FIR/ >TICLE ,I SET MYSELF TO %[ FROM AU?ORITATIVE QUOTATIONS--= ! EVID5CE ,I US$ WAS BORR[$ FROM ! P>TY MANIFE/OES--H[1 9 ! C\RSE ( YE>S1 SOCIAL DEMOCRACY HAD LO/ ITS REVOLUTION>Y *>ACT]1 & H[ IT HAD BECOME M]ELY A RE=M P>TY1 NOT VITALLY DANG]\S TO ! POSSESS+ CLASSES4 ,! LEFT W+ ( ! P>TY CONSI/$ ( ! 0Y\NG M50 OR 09DEP5D5TS01 :O AT FIR/ D>$ TO MAKE !MSELVES HE>D1 BUT AT ! CONGRESS ( ,]FURT4 !Y W]E %UT \T AS H]ETICS4 ,! RI<T W+1 L$ BY ,VOLLM>4 RECEIV$ MORE L5I5T TREATM5T4 ,IT WAS NOT ADVISABLE TO EXCOMMUNICATE HIM OR HIS ADH]5TS1 = A V]Y GOOD REASON4 ,! GR\P WAS TOO IMPORTANT & ! P>TISANS ( ,VOLLM> W]E TOO NUM]\S4 ,BETWE5 !SE TWO OPPOSITE FIRES ! COMMITTEE DIRECT+ ! DE/9IES ( ! P>TY F\ND ITSELF 9 A HOT PLACE4 ,?AT COMMITTEE CONSI/S ( ! SACR$ TR9ITY1 ,LIEBKNE*T--,BEBEL--,S+]1 *>ACT]I/ICALLY DESCRIB$ BY ,G]MAN SOCIAL DEMOCRATS AS '! GOV]NM5T'4 ,BY ! P[]S ?AT BE1 IT IS NE$LESS TO SAY1 !Y >E REG>D$ ) FAVOR AS 0MOD]ATE M504 

,TO !SE G5TLEM5 ,VOLLM> GAVE NO 5D ( TR\BLE4 ,IT WAS HIS POLITICAL ATTITUDE1 AS EXPLA9$ 9 SOME SPEE*ES ( HIS AT ,MUNI*1 :I*1 TOGE!R ) ! MASSACRE ( ! 0Y\NG M501 SUPPLI$ ! BILL ( F>E = DISCUSSIONS AT ! ,]FURT ,CONGRESS4 ,AT ,B]L9 ! SUBJECT ( /ATE SOCIALISM WAS ON ! C>PET1 & ON ?AT OCCASION ,LIEBKNE*T & ,VOLLM> SURPASS$ !MSELVES 9 ! CONQU]+ BUS9ESS BY DI%+ UP A RESOLUTION TO ! TA/E ( EV]YBODY4 ,AT ,FRANK=T1 DEBATE WAG$ R\ND ! SOCIALI/ DEPUTIES TO ! ,BAV>IAN ,L&TAG & !IR VOTE ( APPROVAL ( ! BUDGET4 ,ON EA* OCCASION ,VOLLMAN CAME =? A CONQU]+ H]O FROM !SE ORATORICAL J\/S4 ,! SOCIALI/ *IEFS ( ,NOR? ,G]MANY FAIL$ TO WEAK5 HIS 9FLU5CE & TO BR+ HIM 9TO SUBJECTION4 ,! CONTR>Y EFFECT WAS PRODUC$3 !IR P>TY FELT MORE & MORE DEP5D5T ON ! RI<T W+4 

,TO ! *>GE ( HAV+ WI%$ TO DICTATE ANEW L9E ( POLICY TO ! P>TY1 ,VOLLM> REPLI$ V]Y TRULY ?AT ! ACTION HE HAD RECOMM5D$ 0HAD ALREADY BE5 FOLL[$ S9CE ! SUPPRESSION ( ! ,LAW ( ,EXCEPTION1 9 MANY CASES1 NOT ONLY 9 ! ,REI*/AG BUT \TSIDE40 

,AGA91 0,I HAVE NOT !RE=E 9V5T$1 BUT ESP\S$ IT2 IT HAS MOREOV] BE5 FOLL[$ S9CE ! ,HALLE ,CONGRESS4 ,JU/ AS PRES5T IT W\LD BE DIFFICULT TO ADOPT ANY O!R POLICY4 ,?IS CLE>LY PROVES ?AT ,I AM 9 FAVOR ( \R PRES5T TACTICS1 AU?ORIZ$ BY ! P>TY M&ATE40 

,ANO!R DELEGATE4 ONE FROM ,MADEBURG1 SAID 3 0,I DISAPPROVE ALSO ( ,VOLLM>'S POLICY1 BUT HE HAS SAID NO?+ 9 MY OP9ION BUT :AT HAS BE5 C>RI$ 9TO PRACTICE BY ! :OLE ( ?AT W+ ( ! P>TY40 ,AU]BA* ( ,B]L9 V]Y LOGICALLY ADD$3 0,! ACTIONS ( MEMB]S ( ! ,REI*/AG NECESS>ILY LEADS TO ! TACTICS ( ,VOLLM>40 

,& AL?\< ,BEBEL1 ,LIEBKNE*T1 ,AU]1 & SOME O!RS /ILL 9SI/$ ?AT ! CONGRESS %\LD ADOPT A RESOLUTION ?AT %\LD BE EXPLICIT4 AL?\< ,LIEBKNE*T SPOKE V]Y BLUNTLY1 & EV5 DEM&$ ?AT ! RESOLUTION DRAWN UP BY ,BEBEL & AM5D$ BY ,O]TEL--A RESOLUTION DISAPPROV+ ! SPEE*ES ( ,VOLLM> & HIS NEW POLICY--%\LD BE ADOPT$1 & ?\< HE W5T SO F> AS TO SAY ?AT IF ! MOTION ( ,O]TEL W]E NOT ADOPT$1 ! OPPOSITION W\LD BE RI<T1 & 9 ?AT CASE HE HIMSELF W\LD GO 9TO OPPOSITION1--& ?\< ,BEBEL HIMSELF DEM&$ A SQU>E PRON\NCEM5T1 SAY+ ?AT IF ! MOTION ( ,O]TEL W]E .<NOT8 ,M,I,A.> ADOPT$1 ALL HE HAD TO SAY WAS ?AT 9 ?AT CASE HE HAD MADE HIS LA/ SPEE* TO !M--NOT)/&+ !SE BRAVE WORDS1 ,LIEBKNE*T DID NOT GO 9TO OPPOSITION1 & NEI!R ,BEBEL NOR HIS FRI5DS QUITT$ ! P>TY4 

,9 ! DISCUSSION ON ,/ATE ,SOCIALISM1 ,VOLLM> & ,LIEBKNE*T SPOKE 9 DEF5SE ( IT1 AL?\< REG>D+ IT FROM OPPOSITE /&PO9TS4 ,:O DOES NOT REMEMB] ! CONTROV]SY 9 ! P>TY ORGANS1 & ! AM5ITIES :I* !SE G5TLEM5 HURL$ AT EA* O!R8 ,YET !Y F9I%$ BY CLASP+ H&S1 & ! TWO FRI5DLY 5EMIES1 ,LIEBKNE*T & ,VOLLM>1 FRAT]NIZ$ AT ! CONGRESS1 :]E !Y COMP\ND$ A RESOLUTION SIGNIFY+ RECONCILIATION1 DI%$ UP 9 BRO!RLY AGREEM5T4 ,WE CAN RECALL ?AT LIT]>Y CURIOSITY4 ,C>EFULLY SMOO!D OV]1 SWEET5$1 MADE PALATABLE TO EV]Y TA/E1 ?AT RESOLUTION IS ONLY A HOT*POT* ( HOLL[ PHRASES1 (F5D+ NOBODY4 

,AFT]W>DS !RE CAME A BOLT FROM ! BLUE TO DI/URB ?AT BLISSFUL AGREEM5T4 ,! DEPUTIES TO ! ,BAV>IAN ,L&TAG1 & AMONG !M ,VOLLM>1 9T5D$ TO VOTE = ! BUDGET4 ,P]HAPS IT WAS 9JUDICI\S6 ,= TO VOTE 9 APPROVAL ( A /ATE BUDGET IS TO GRANT CONFID5CE TO ! ,GOV]NM5T1 & ON ! P>T ( A SOCIAL DEMOCRAT SU* ACTION IS SLI<TLY 9CONSI/5T :5 ?AT GOV]NM5T HAS DONE ALL IT CAN TO OPPOSE ! DESIGNS ( HIS P>TY4 

,! QU&>Y WAS BR\<T BE=E ! ,FRANK=T CONGRESS4 ,TWO RESOLUTIONS W]E SUBMITT$ TO ! CONGRESS4 ,ONE1 FROM ! ,S\? ,G]MAN DEPUTIES1 RAN AS FOLL[S3 

0,CONSID]+ ?AT SUCCESS 9 \R /RUGGLE AGA9/ /ATE & SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS N[ EXI/+ DEP5DS ON ! UNIT$ ACTION ( ! P>TY2 

0,CONSID]+ ALSO ?AT A VOTE 9 APPROVAL ( ! :OLE F9ANCIAL PROGRAM 9 EA* ( ! DIFF]5T /ATES ( ! EMPIRE IS A MATT] ( ! GREATE/ IMPORTANCE1 TO BE DECID$ ACCORD+ TO LOCAL CIRCUM/ANCES & CONV5I5CE1 & 9 AGREEM5T ) ! FACTS BR\<T BE=E ! CONGRESS ( ! P>TY HELD 9 ,BAV>IA 2 

0,! CONGRESS SIMPLY 5DORSES ! RESOLUTIONS #a1 #c4 & #d PROPOS$ BY ,HALLE1 ,WEIM>1 ,BRUNSWICK1 & ,HANAU40 

,ALL !SE RESOLUTIONS IMPUT$ BLAME TO ! SOCIALI/ DEPUTIES 9 ! ,BAV>IAN ,L&TAG4 

,ALONGSIDE !SE DAMNATORY MOTIONS !RE WAS ONE PROCE$+ FROM ! MO/ 9FLU5TIAL M5 ( ! P>TY1 ,AU]1 ,BEBEL1 ,LIEBKNE*T1 ,S+]1 ETC41 TO ! FOLL[+ EFFECT 3 

,! CONGRESS DECL>ES1 0,IT IS ! DUTY ( ! P>LIAM5T>Y REPRES5TATIVES ( ! P>TY1 BO? 9 ! ,REI*/AG & 9 ! V>I\S ,L&TAGS1 TO %>PLY CRITICIZE & RESI/ ALL ! ABUSES & 9JU/ICES 9H]5T 9 ! *>ACT] ( A CLASS ,/ATE1 :I* IS ONLY ! POLITICAL =M ( AN ORGANIZATION ]ECT$ TO PROTECT ! 9T]E/S ( ! GOV]N+ CLASSES2 IT IS1 BESIDES1 A DUTY ( ! P>TY REPRES5TATIVES TO USE ALL AVAILABLE MEANS TO ABOLI% EXI/+ ABUSES1 & TO ORIG9ATE O!R 9/ITUTIONS CON=MABLE TO \R PROGRAMS4 ,MOREOV]1 AS CLASS GOV]NM5TS & /ATESM5 5]GETICALLY LABOR TO DEFEAT ALL SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC MEASURES1 & USE EV]Y FAVORABLE MEANS TO BR+ TO NAU<T1 IF POSSIBLE1 ! SOCIAL DEMOCRACY1 IT LOGICALLY FOLL[S ?AT \R P>TY REPRES5TATIVES 9 ! ,L&TAGS CANNOT GIVE ! GOV]NM5TS !IR SUPPORT1 & ?AT AS APPROBATION ( ! BUDGET NECESS>ILY IMPLIES SUPPORT1 IT IS 9CUMB5T UPON SOCIAL DEMOCRATS TO VOTE AGA9/ ! BUDGET40 

,& :AT FATE BEFELL !SE RESOLUTIONS8 ,! FIR/ WAS REJECT$ BY #adb VOTES AGA9/ #i#c4 ! SECOND BY #afd AGA9/ #f#d4 ,NO?+ !RE=E WAS DECID$ & ! QUE/ION WAS LEFT )\T A SOLUTION3 ,YES1 9 SPITE ( ! PRESSURE IMPOS$ BY ! R$\BTABLE TR9ITY4 ,BEBEL--,LIEBKNE*T--,S+]6 ,F> FROM LOS+ PRE/IGE1 ,VOLLM> WON ALL ALONG ! L9E4 ,HE W5T HOME /R5G!N$ BY ! SWEET SOLACE ?AT HE WAS SUPPORT$ BY A L>GE SECTION ( ! P>TY4 

,BEBEL SAW ! DANG] & AS SOON AS HE HAD RETURN$ TO ,B]L9 HE RESOLV$ TO TAKE (F HIS COAT & PUT UP HIS FI/S4 ,AT A L>GE MEET+ HE %[$ HIS DISAPPO9TM5T ) REG>D TO ?IS CONGRESS1 ! MO/ IMPORTANT ?AT HAD BE5 HELD S9CE ! =MATION ( ! P>TY4 ,! P>TY4 HE VIRTUALLY AFFIRM$1 MAY HAVE POSSIBLY GR[N NUM]ICALLY1 HUT IT HAS C]TA9LY DET]IORAT$ 9 QUALITY4 ,SOME SMALL1 P$DL+ UP/>TS1 QUITE \T ( SYMPA?Y ) SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC PR9CIPLES & ) 9T]NATIONALISM1 HAVE CREPT 9TO ! P>TY1 TO BEGET !RE A MOD]ATE SECTION4 ,OPPORTUNISM1 P]MEATION4 ?REAT5$ TO DE/ROY ! P>TY1 ,= HIM1 ,BEBEL1 A SMALL P>TY ) DET]M9$ PR9CIPLES WAS 9F9ITELY PREF]ABLE TO A NUM]\S MOB DEVOID ( DISCIPL9E4 ,! EXI/+ /ATE ( ?+S WAS TO HIM V]Y PA9FUL4 ,HE HAD EV5 CONTEMPLAT$ AB&ON+ HIS PLACE ON ! C5TRAL C\NCIL & HAD ONLY RETA9$ IT TO GRATIFY HIS COLLEAGUES & FRI5DS4 ,NOT)/&+1 HE WAS B\ND BY NO PL$GE4 & RES]V$ TO HIMSELF FULL LIB]TY ( CAUTION 9 CASE ! MELAN*OLY PROSPECT DID NOT IMPROVE4 

,WE W\LD LIKE TO KN[ ! OP9ION ( ,BEBEL--,BEBEL1 :O 9 ! ROLE ( PROPHET4 IS SO (T5 LAM5TABLY DECEIV$--ON ! >TICLE ?AT HE PUBLI%$ %ORTLY BE=E ! CONGRESS 9 ! 0,NEUE ,ZEIT40 ,IT SEEMS TO US ?AT ! READ+ ( IT %\LD CAUSE SOME SLI<T EMB>RASSM5T4 

,9 ?AT >TICLE ,REBEL SAID 3 0,!RE MI<T BE DIFF]5CES ( OP9ION ON ! MATT] ( TACTICS1 BUT DISS5SIONS REG>D+ PR9CIPLES !RE W]E NONE4 ,! P>TY1 NUM]\S AS IT WAS1 F\ND ITSELF SOLIDLY BAS$ ON ! ROCK ( PR9CIPLES1 AS EMBODI$ 9 ITS PROGRAM4 ,:OEV] FELT 9CL9$ TO CONTROV]SY ON ?IS HEAD WAS A P>TISAN EI!R ( ! AN>*I/S OR ( ! B\RGEOISIE4 ,! P>TY W\LD HAVE NO?+ TO DO ) HIM4 

,! PROCE$+S ( ! ,CONGRESS MU/ HAVE DISILLUSION$ ,BEBEL1 & ! FACT PROVES 9 ANY CASE H[ LITTLE HE KN[S ( :AT IS OCCUR+ 9 ! RANKS ( HIS P>TY4 

,IT IS TRUE ?AT 9 ! ?IRD >TICLE ( A S]IES PUBLI%$ 9 ! 0,VORW>TS01 ,BEBEL CONFESS$ ?AT1 :]EAS HE HAD SET \T = ! CONGRESS 9 ! BE/ ( SPIRITS1 HE RETURN$ T]RIBLY CRE/FALL54 

,AS = ,LIEBKNE*T1 HE WAS SO SMITT5 ) BL9DNESS ?AT AFT] ! ,CONGRESS HE /ILL BOA/$ ( ! UN9T]RUPT$ H>MONY ( ! P>TY4 ,HE PUBLI%$ 9 ! 0,VORW>TS0 A SPECIAL >TICLE :I* PROV$ TO :AT AN EXT5T HE HAD LO/ ! P[] ( APPRECIATION4 ,9 IT ,LIEBKNE*T SAID 3 0,! DISS5SION SO MU* RECKON$ ON BY \R OPPON5TS DISAPPE>$ AFT] A FREE & REL5TLESS CRITICISM1 & 9 PLACE ( S*ISM1 9V>IABLY PROPHESI$ BY \R 5EMIES1 !RE HAS BE51 IF POSSIBLE1 A CLOS] UNION4 ,! ,BAV>IAN MATT]1 :I* WAS TO LEAD TO ! DISSOLUTION ( ! P>TY1 OR AT LEA/ TO UNFRI5DL9ESS BETWE5 ! ,B]L9 LEAD]S & ! REBELS ( ,S\? ,G]MANY1 WAS SO EASILY MADE /RAI<T1 ?ANKS TO ! TACT & GOOD S5SE ( ! MAJORITY1 ?AT NOT ! SLI<TE/ BITT]NESS SURVIVES ON EI!R SIDE40 

,SU* AN OPTIMISM SURPASSES BELIEF1 & IF EV] ! SAY+ ?AT 0,ALL IS = ! BE/ 9 ! BE/ ( ALL POSSIBLE WORLDS0 HAS BE5 ILLU/RAT$4 IT HAS BE5 MADE EVID5T TO ! M9D ( ! VET]AN1 ,LIEBKNE*T4 

,AMONG O!R MATT]S ! AGR>IAN QUE/ION CAME TO ! FRONT 9 ! CONGRESS4 ,ON ?IS SUBJECT ! POSITION TAK5 UP BY ,VOLLM> & ,S*\LANK WAS ( SO OPPORTUNI/ A *>ACT] ?AT !Y ?REW OV]BO>D SOCIALI/ PR9CIPLE 9 ! 9T]E/ ( 0PRACTICAL0 PROPAG&A4 ,SOCIALISM WAS ADM9I/]$ TO ! PEASANTRY HOMEOPA?ICALLY4 ?AT IS1 9 ! SMALLE/ POSSIBLE DOSES4 ,!Y W]E AFRAID ( KILL+ !M ) A BIG M\?FUL4 ,& ,:AT TICKLES MO/ AN 9TELLIG5T LEAD] ( ! REPORTS SUPPLI$1 IS ?AT = PURPOSES ( M$ICATION ALL ADDRESSES W]E DELIV]$ TO ! SMALL F>M]S--BUT NO?+ WAS SAID TO ! AGRICULTURAL LABOR]S1 :O DO NOT [N AN 9* ( L&1 & C\LD NOT HONE/LY FILL A FL[]POT ) ! SOIL ( !IR NATIVE C\NTRY6 

,) UND5IABLE SM>TNESS ! 0,FRANKFURT] ,ZEITUNG0 REM>K$ 9 ?IS CONNECTION 3 0,) ! EXEPTION ( A FEW PHRASES1 ANY RADICAL-B\RGEOIS P>TY MI<T ADOPT ! ,NAME PROGRAM40 ,9 0,LA ,RE=ME0 ,M4 ,LOR& EXPRSSSE,S HIMSELF 9 ALMO/ ! SAME LANGUAGE4 

,VOLLM> WAS NOT SLNW TO PICK UP ! GANTLET ?R[N D[N BY ,BEBEL4 ,HE SPEAKS ( ! 0PRONUNCIAM5TO0 ( ,BEBEL1 & SAYS1 0,! PRES5T TIME (F]S US A /RANGE SPECTACLE4 ,9 FACE ( ! 5EMY1 M>*+ UPON US 9 S]RI$ RANKS & PREP>$ TO ATTACK US1 WE SEE ONE ( \R LEAD]S RISE UP & ?R[ A BR& ( DISCORD1 NOT AMONG \R OPPON5TS1 BUT AMID \R [N TROOPS40 

,ONE ( ! VET]ANS ( ! P>TY1 ! DEPUTY ,GRILL5B]G]1 TOOK P>T 9 ! DISPITTE1 RANG+ HIMSELF 9 ! PRESS1 AS AT ,]FURT1 ON ?IS SIDE ( ,VOLLM>4 ,?IS CONTROV]SY BETRAYS ! BITT]NESS & IRRITATION FELT BY BO? ! FACTIONS4 ,VOLLM> SAID ?AT 0! REASONS = ! ATTITUDE ( ,BEBEL MU/ HE S\<T 9 HIS W\ND$ VANITY & 9 HIS WANT ( CRITICAL 9SI<T & COOLNESS1 :I* HAVE MADE HIM PLACE--HIM1 ! LEAD] ( A DEMOCRATIC P>TY--HIS [N P]SONALITY ABOVE ! MO/ SACR$ 9T]E/S ( ! P>TY1 TO ! %AME & 9JURY ( SOCIAL DEMOCRACY & TO ! GREAT B5EFIT & JOY ( \R OPPON5TS40 ,BEBEL1 ON ! O!R H&1 FL+S BACK 9 ! TEE? ( ,GRILL5B]G] HIS LANGUAGE 0FIL?Y & VULG> AS ! VOCABUL>Y ( A HOODLUM40 

,!SE P]SONALITIES >E ( NO G5]AL 9T]E/1 BUT !Y ILLU/RATE 9 QUITE A =CIBLE WAY ! WOND]FUL 0UNITY0 ( ! P>TY4 

,BEBEL PRET5DS ?AT ! P$DL+ MIDDLE-CLASS ELEM5T1 ESPECIALLY P[]FUL 9 ,S\? ,G]MANY1 WEAK5S ! P>TY1 & ?AT ,BAV>IAN OPPORTUNISM & P]MEATION1 SY/EMATICALLY 5C\RAG$ BY ,VOLLM>1 >E HO/ILE TO PR9CIPLE4 

,HE ADMITS1 !N1 ! IMPORTANCE ( V]Y IMPORTANT DIFF]5CES CONC]N+ PR9CIPLES1 & AECORD+ TO HIM1 ,VOLLM>4 ,GRILL5B]G1 & !IR ADH]5TS F9D !MSELVES 9 ! DILEMMA ( EI!R JO9+ ! AN>*I/S OR ! B\RGEOISIE4 ,N[1 ,VOLLM> DOES NOT SEEM AT ALL DISPOS$ TO S5D 9 HIS RESIGNATION4 ,QUITE ! CONTR>Y3 HE IMAG9ES HIMSELF1 N[ AS H]ET(ORE1 TO BE 9 AGREEM5T ) ! PR9CIPLES ( SOCIAL DEMOCRACY4 

,BEBEL PUBLI%$ 9 ! 0,VORW>TS0 F\R >TICLES 9 :I* HE EXPLA9$ HIS VIEW & E/IMATE ( ! OP9ION ( ,VOLLM>4 ,! ESSAY IS 9T]E/+1 & WE BELIEVE IT MAY BE ( SOME S]VICE TO PLACE SOME EXTRACTS =M IT UND] ! EYES ( A L>G] SECTION ( ! PUBLIC4 

,BEBEL RECALLS H[ (T5 ALREADY ,VOLLM> HAS TAK5 UP ! TIME ( CONGRESSES ) DISCUSSION ( HIS POLICY1 & H[ HE HAS BECOME A T[] ( /R5G? = 0ALL ! LUKEW>M 9 ! P>TY1 & = ALL ! MIDDLE-CLASS RE=M]S \TSIDE40 ,HE1 :O KN[S ,VOLLM>1 KN[S ?AT ! ,BAV>IAN *AMPION 0WILL SOME DAY1 AS HE HAS DONE BE=E1 PUT ! TRUMPET ( EXTREME RADICALISM TO HIS LIPS1 JU/ AS N[ HE FILLS ! AIR ) MUSIC1 'QUITE S(TLY1 QUITE SOLELY'1 TO ALLURE ,PET] & ,PAUL4 & WE 9CREASE ! RUBBI% ( ! P>TY1 IF--,YES1 IF--8 ,H]E >ISES ! QUE/ION1 & AT PRES5T ,I DO NOT WI% TO ATTEMPT AN ANSW]40 

,VOLLM] RETORT$4 V]Y JU/IFIABLY1 ?AT :AT ,REBEL IMPUT$ TO HEM HAD ALREADY BE5 SAID BY ,HANS ,MULL]--ON ! SUBJECT ,( ! DET]IORATION ( ! P>TY4 ,) ! SUP]CILI\SNESS ( SUP]IOR P]SON1 ,BEBEL REPELL$ ! BASE 9S9UATION1 & ALLEG$ ?AT HE HAD ONLY SE5 ,MULL]'S PAMPHLET AT A DI/ANCE1 & SC>CELY KNEW :AT IT CONTA9$4 

,9 SPITE ,( ! SOLEMN ASS]TION ( ,BEBEL1 WE MAKE FREE TO D\BT IT4 ,H]E IS AN IMPORTANT CRITICISM LEVEL$ AGA9/ ! :OLE P>TY1 MADE BY A MAN :OM ,BEBEL HIMSELF DESCRIB$ AS AN OLD H&1 & WE >E DESIR$ TO BELIEVE ?AT ! P>TY LEAD]S HAVE NOT READ IT4 ,IT IS QUITE TOO IMPROBABLE1 & IF IT W]E TRUE1 IT W\LD BE 9EXCUSABLE 9DE$1 = AS *IEF ( A P>TY4 ONE IS B\ND TO TAKE COGNIZANCE ( EV]Y?+ :I* !Y HE USEFUL 9 ! SLI<TE/ DEGREE TO ! P>TY ITSELF4 ,& IMPROBABLE ALSO1 = IT IS H>D TO ADMIT ?AT SO S5SATIONAL A PAMPHLET AS ?AT ( ,HANS ,MULL] HAS BE5 ALL[$ TO PASS :OLLY1 OR ALMO/1 UNOBS]V$4 ,BUT ,I CAN EASILY IMAG9E H[ DISAGREEABLE ?AT PAMPHLET MU/ HAVE BE5 TO ! BIG BUGS ( ! P>TY1 = )\T 9DULG+ 9 P]SONAL TICS1 ! AU?OR HAS DEMON/RAT$1 PRO(S 9 H&4 & FROM QUOTATIONS TAK5 FROM ! ACKN[L$G$ WRIT+S ( ! A=ESAID GREAT DIGNIT>IES4 H[ MU* SOCIAL DEMOCRACY HAS DET]IORAT$ ?R\< B\RGEOIS CORRUPTION & H[ MU* IT HAS 9CL9$ TO ! MOD]ATE FACTION4 

,ALAS1 ALAS6 ,HANS ,MULL] HAS HAD ! MIS=TUNE TO BE MORE DISC]N+ ?AN ! GREET ,BEBEL HIMSELF1 & TO P]CEIVE BE=E HIS HI<NESS1 ! PH5OM5A :I* >E N[ APP>5T TO ! EYES ( ALL4 ,WAS IT NOT ,BEBEL :O1 9 ?AT CONNECTION1 MADE ! REM>K ?AT ! MAT]IAL 5VIRONM5T ( A MAN'S LIFE 9FLU5CES HIS OP9IONS4 ,HE AWOKE TO ?IS MI<TY TRU? :5 MADE AW>E ?AT ,VOLLM> LIVES 9 A SUMPTU\S VILLA ON ! BANK ( ONE ( ! ,BAV>IAN LAKES4 ,BUT ! SAME REM>K HAS BE5 MADE BY O!RS1 & ) AS MU* JU/ICE1 9 REF]5CE TO ,BEBEL1 

.<,T,O ,B,E ,C,O,N,T,9,U,$.> 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a1 #bba 3 ,LIB]T>IAN ,SOCIALISM & ,AU?ORIT>IAN ,SOCIALISM -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #f1 #bbb 3 ,LIB]T>IAN ,SOCIALISM & ,AU?ORIT>IAN ,SOCIALISM -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
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