,M$IA ,MAYHEM 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,*EKOV ,FE5EY 

,TEXT 3 

,ON ONE LEVEL ! PHRASE 0! M$IA0 SIMPLY REF]S TO ! V>I\S MOD]N TE*NOLOGIES = TRANSMITT+ IDEAS TO L>GE POPULATIONS1 SU* AS NEWSPAP]S1 TELEVISION1 MAGAZ9ES1 RADIO & ! NEW KID ON ! BLOCK1 ! ,9T]NET4 ,!SE >E EXTREMELY USEFUL TOOLS4 ,!Y ALL[ PEOPLE TO KN[ :AT'S HAPP5+ 9 ! WORLD & H5CE %>E SOME COMMON UND]/&+ ) /RANG]S4 ,A FUNDAM5TAL PRECONDITION = A*IEV+ ! TYPE ( REVOLUTION>Y *ANGE ?AT AN>*I/S SEEK IS ?AT A L>GE NUMB] ( PEOPLE ACTIVELY DESIRE IT1 OR AT ! V]Y LEA/ >E OP5 TO IT4 ,9DE$1 COMMUNICAT+ 0\R BELOV$ PROPAG&A0 TO ! MASSES HAS ALWAYS PLAY$ A MAJOR P>T 9 AN>*I/ ACTIVITY & H5CE WE REQUIRE ! M$IA4 ,H[EV]1 TODAY1 :5 WE TALK AB\T ! M$IA1 WE ALSO IMPLICITLY REF] TO ! CORPORATE MA*9E ?AT COMES V]Y CLOSE TO OP]AT+ MONOPOLY CONTROL OV] MASS COMMUNICATION4 

,?IS >TICLE EXAM9ES ! MA9/REAM M$IA & LOOKS AT ! V>I\S FACTORS :I* 5SURE ?AT IT EFFECTIVELY WORKS AS A PROPAG&A TOOL = ! P[]FUL4 ,IT LOOKS AT WAYS 9 :I* AN>*I/S CAN DEAL ) ?IS SITUATION1 BY CREAT+ \R [N M$IA1 BUT ALSO BY *ALL5G+ ! HO/ILITY ?AT !Y HABITUALLY 5C\NT] FROM ! MA9/REAM4 ,IT IS MO/LY BAS$ ON ! EXP]I5CE ( ! #bd ,MAYDAY PROTE/S 9 ,DUBL91 :I* SAW A HUGE SME> CAMPAIGN AGA9/ ! ORGANIZ]S1 & LOOKS AT SOME ( ! WAYS 9 :I* !Y TRI$ TO RESPOND4 

,P>T ,ONE3 ,MA9/REAM ,M$IA -- ,! ,PROPAG&A ,FACTORY 

  

,A CRITIQUE ( ! ROLE ( ! MA9/REAM M$IA HAS LONG BE5 A C5TRAL P>T ( ! GLOBAL ANTI-CAPITALI/ MOVEM5T4 ,NOAM ,*OMSKY'S BOOK & FILM1 0,MANUFACTUR+ ,CONS5T10 CAN PROBABLY BE CONSID]$ A CORE TEXT ( ?IS NEW MOVEM5T4 ,IT PROVIDES A V]Y DETAIL$ CRITIQUE ( H[ NEWS IS CREAT$ & DISSEM9AT$ ACCORD+ TO :AT ,*OMSKY CALLS ! 'PROPAG&A MODEL'3 A S]IES ( 9=MATION FILT]S :I* S]VE TO TAILOR 9=MATION TO ! NE$S ( ! P[]FUL4 ,?IS SECTION SIMPLY PRES5TS SOME ( !SE IMPORTANT FACTORS 9 \TL9E4 ,I /RONGLY RECOMM5D ,*OMSKY'S TEXT = A MU* MORE DETAIL$ ANALYSIS1 9CLUD+ A WEAL? ( EMPIRICAL EVID5CE4 

,[N]%IP 

  

,) ! 9CREAS+ PACE ( CORPORATE GLOBALIZATION1 ! [N]%IP ( MA9/REAM M$IA RES\RCES LIKE NEWSPAP]S1 TELEVISION *ANNELS & RADIO /ATIONS IS CONC5TRAT$ 9 ! H&S ( AN EV] SMALL] NUMB] ( 5ORM\S COMPANIES4 ,AS A RESULT1 ! T9Y NUMB] ( 9DIVIDUALS :O [N & CONTROL !SE COMPANIES 5JOY EFFECTIVE CONTROL OV] A HUGE P]C5TAGE ( ! 9=MATION ?AT IS SE5 BY ! PUBLIC4 ,NATURALLY1 ! [N]S T5D TO FAVOR NEWS ?AT REFLECTS !IR [N WORLDVIEWS4 ,SO1 = EXAMPLE1 NEWS ITEMS ?AT >E CRITICAL ( ! CONC5TRATION ( [N]%IP 9 ! M$IA 9DU/RY >E UNLIKELY TO BE V]Y POPUL> 9 !IR PRODUCTIONS4 

,RUP]T ,MURDO* & ,SILVIO ,B]LUSCONI >E TWO ( ! BETT]-KN[N GLOBAL M$IA MOGULS1 BUT !RE >E LESS]-KN[N FIGURES :O EX]CISE A L>GE DEGREE ( CONTROL )9 P>TICUL> >EAS OR 9DU/RIES4 ,= EXAMPLE1 ,TONY ,O',REILLY'S COMPANY1 ,9DEP5D5T ,NEWS & ,M$IA1 [NS ,IREL&'S BE/-SELL+ DAILY BROAD%EET1 BE/ SELL+ DAILY TABLOID1 BE/ SELL+ ,SUNDAY BROAD%EET1 BE/ SELL+ ,SUNDAY TABLOID1 BE/ SELL+ EV5+ PAP] AS WELL AS [N+ MORE ?AN #e.0 ( ALL LOCAL NEWSPAP]S & RADIO /ATIONS 9 ! C\NTRY4 ,?IS NATURALLY GIVES HIM 5ORM\S ABILITY TO %APE ! NEWS AG5DA 9 ! C\NTRY4 

,ADV]TIS+ 

  

,! PRIM>Y S\RCE ( 9COME ( VIRTUALLY ALL MA9/REAM M$IA COMES FROM ADV]TIS+4 ,?IS HAS CREAT$ A SITUATION :]E ! M$IA'S CORE ROLE IS NOT TO SELL NEWS TO CONSUM]S1 IT IS TO SELL DEMOGRAPHIC SLICES ( ! PUBLIC TO ADV]TIZ]S4 ,AS A RESULT ( ?IS FOCUS1 ! NEWS CONT5T ( ! M$IA T5DS TO TAILOR ITSELF TO ! NE$S ( ADV]TIZ]S4 ,= EXAMPLE1 A PUBLICATION ?AT T5DS TO BE V]Y CRITICAL ( L>GE CORPORATIONS WILL SOON F9D IT DIFFICULT TO ATTRACT ADV]TIZ]S4 

,POLITICAL ,PRESSURES 

  

,M$IA COMPANIES G5]ALLY DEP5D UPON !IR RELATION%IP ) C5T]S ( POLITICAL P[]4 ,?IS IS ESPECIALLY ! CASE ) /ATE BROADCA/]S1 :]E ! GOV]NM5T ( ! DAY (T5 HAS ! P[] TO FIRE S5IOR FIGURES :O 9SI/ ON PRES5T+ 9=MATION 9 A WAY ?AT IS DEEM$ UNFAVORABLE TO ! POLITICAL P[]4 ,:5 ! ,B,B,C MADE A SMALL1 R\T9E MI/AKE 9 REPORT+ ON ! ,IRAQI 'DODGY DOSSI]'1 ! *AIRMAN WAS =C$ TO RESIGN AFT] A GOV]NM5T WIT*-HUNT -- DESPITE ! FACT ?AT ! CONT5T ( ! REPORT WAS SUB/ANTIALLY ACCURATE4 ,! MI/AK5 DETAIL WAS APP>5TLY S]I\S 5\< TO CAUSE HEADS TO ROLL AT ! ,B,B,C1 :ILE ! MI/AKE 9 GO+ TO W> ) DODGY 9=MATION WAS NOT S]I\S 5\< TO PROMPT ANY 9T]NAL ACTION BY ! /ATE6 

,POLITICAL PRESSURE IS ALSO APPLI$ TO COMM]CIAL M$IA :O DEP5D ON ACCESS TO 9=MATION FROM ! /ATE 7E4G4 9VITATIONS TO PRESS BRIEF+S1 LEAKS FROM GOV]NM5T & SECURITY S\RCES4447 TO FILL !IR PAGES4 ,POLITICAL P>TIES & O!R P[]FUL GR\PS EMPLOY L>GE NUMB]S ( PEOPLE :OSE JOB IT IS TO PUT PRESSURE ON M$IA COMPANIES4 ,= EXAMPLE1 ,ALAI/] ,CAMPBELL1 ,NEW ,LABOR'S PRESS SECRET>Y1 US$ TO PHONE ! ,B,B,C TO COMPLA9 AB\T !IR COV]AGE ON ! ,TODAY PROGRAM EV]Y S+LE DAY1 REG>DLESS ( ! CONT5T4 ,! REASON+ BEH9D ?IS WAS ?AT IT W\LD CAUSE ! ,B,B,C PRODUC]S TO %APE ! NEWS 9 ADVANCE1 AS !Y KNEW ?AT ANY?+ UNFAVORABLE W\LD BE ! SUBJECT ( /R5U\S & WE>Y+ COMPLA9TS4 ,SIMIL>LY 9 ,IREL&1 ,I,B,E,C EMPLOYS SEV]AL FULL TIME ,P,R /AFF :O SP5D MU* ( !IR TIME H>ASS+ J\RNALI/S & LODG+ COMPLA9TS :5 !Y ?9K ?AT ANY COV]AGE HAS BE5 'UNFAIR' 7CODE = ANY?+ ?AT IS CRITICAL ( !M OR !IR MEMB]S74 

,F9ALLY1 MO/ /ATES HAVE V>I\S PIECES ( LEGISLATION :I* EFFECTIVELY DISCRIM9ATE 9 FAVOR ( CORPORATE-[N$ M$IA4 ,/RICT LIBEL & COPYRI<T LAWS & ! ATT5DANT RISKS ( CO/LY C\RT ACTION CAN BE V]Y EFFECTIVE MEANS ( EXCLUD+ NONCOMM]CIAL RADICAL PUBLICATIONS4 ,= EXAMPLE1 9 ,IREL& ! LIBEL LAWS ALL[ ! VICTIM TO SUE ! DI/RIBUTOR4 ,EASONS1 ! COMPANY :I* EX]CISES NE> MONOPOLY CONTROL OV] PR9T DI/RIBUTION 9 ! C\NTRY1 ?US REQUIRES ?AT ALL DI/RIBUT$ M$IA %\LD PASS A CO/LY LEGAL *ECK BE=E IT CAN BE DI/RIBUT$4 ,?IS EFFECTIVELY EXCLUDES VIRTUALLY ALL RADICAL & NONCOMM]CIAL PUBLICATIONS4 

,S5SATIONALISM & '9FOTA9M5T' 

  

,AS ! C5TRAL TASK ( ! M$IA IS TO DELIV] AUDI5CES TO ADV]TIZ]S1 ! $UCATIONAL VALUE ( ! CONT5T IS A MU* LESS IMPORTANT CONSID]ATION4 ,! NEWS M$IA1 !RE=E1 T5DS TO PRES5T 9=MATION 9 AS '5T]TA9+' A WAY AS POSSIBLE 9 ORD] TO MAXIMIZE M>KET %>E4 ,?IS FOCUS ON '9FOTA9M5T' L5DS ITSELF TO S5SATIONALI/ REPORT+1 DESIGN$ TO CAT* ! ATT5TION ( ! PUBLIC RA!R ?AN 9=M !M4 ,?US1 A FANTASY AB\T A %AD[Y GR\P PLOTT+ A MAJOR ATROCITY AT A PROTE/ IS MU* MORE LIKELY TO GRAB ! HEADL9ES ?AN AN EXAM9ATION ( :Y ! PEOPLE CONC]N$ >E PROTE/+ -- DESPITE ! FACT ?AT ! =M] G5]ALLY HAS NO 9=MATIVE VALUE :ATSOEV]4 

,S\NDBITES 

  

,! FOCUS ON S5SATIONALISM & 5T]TA9M5T L5DS ITSELF TO %ORT SEGM5TS COMPOS$ ( 'S\ND-BITES'1 DESIGN$ TO BE DIGE/IBLE TO ! L[E/ COMMON D5OM9ATOR AMONG ! AUDI5CE -- MEAN+ SOMEBODY ) LITTLE ATT5TION-SPAN & NO KN[L$GE ( ! SUBJECT4 ,AS A RESULT1 IT IS EXTREMELY DIFFICULT TO 9TRODUCE ANY CONCEPTS ?AT FALL \TSIDE ! 'ACCEPT$ WISDOM' ON A P>TICUL> ISSUE 7! ACCEPT$ WISDOM BE+ R\<LY EQUAL TO ! PO9TS ( VIEW ?AT >E MO/ FAVORABLE TO ADV]TIZ]S & [N]S74 ,ACCEPT$ WISDOM CAN BE REPEAT$ 9DEF9ITELY1 BUT ANY S\ND-BITE ?AT CONTRADICTS IT T5DS TO S\ND CRAZY4 ,= EXAMPLE1 IF Y\ W]E TO /ATE ! FACT ?AT ! ,U,S IS A LEAD+ T]RORI/ /ATE ON ,U,S TELEVISION1 MO/ VIEW]S W\LD ASSUME Y\ >E B>K+ MAD4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 ANYBODY CAN SAY ?AT 0,CUBA IS A T]RORI/ /ATE0 & IT WILL BE ACCEPT$ BY MO/ )\T A SECOND ?\<T4 ,?US1 9 ! ]A ( ! S\ND-BITE1 IT IS VIRTUALLY IMPOSSIBLE = ANYBODY :O HAS AN OP9ION M>K$LY DIFF]5T FROM ! MA9/REAM TO PRES5T !IR IDEAS 9 A WAY ?AT WILL APPE> CR$IBLE4 

,! POSITION ( REPORT]S 

  

,9 L9E ) DEVELOPM5TS ACROSS ! BO>D 9 MOD]N CAPITALISM1 ! 9T]NAL /RUCTURE ( MANY M$IA COMPANIES HAS *ANG$ QUICKLY4 ,! NUMB] ( FULL-TIME NEWS /AFF HAS DECL9$ %>PLY & !Y HAVE BE5 REPLAC$ BY FREELANC]S1 EI!R WORK+ ON %ORT T]M FIX$ CONTRACTS OR ) NO CONTRACT AT ALL4 ,?IS HAS L$ TO A SITUATION :]E $ITORIAL /AFF HAVE LESS & LESS TIME TO RESE>* NEWS /ORIES4 ,AS A CONSEQU5CE1 MU* ( ! CONT5T IS COBBL$ TOGE!R DIRECTLY FROM PRESS RELEASES & O!R SU* PREPACKAG$ =MS4 ,FUR!RMORE1 )\T ! TIME TO ADEQUATELY 9VE/IGATE ANY ISSUE1 CONT5T IS CONSID]$ NEWSWOR?Y ONLY IF IT CAN BE SQUEEZ$ 9TO A WELL-KN[N ANGLE4 ,ANY NEWS ITEM ?AT DOES NOT FIT 9TO ONE ( !SE CLI*ES IS JU/ 0NOT NEWS04 ,PROTE/]S CAN BE PRES5T$ AS VIOL5T HOOLIGANS OR H>MLESS UTOPIAN HIPPIES BUT O!RWISE !Y CAN BE IGNOR$4 

,! 9CREAS+ PREPOND]ANCE ( NEWS-/AFF :O WORK 9 9SECURE POSITIONS HAS ALSO CONTRIBUT$ TO ! DECL9E 9 ! QUALITY ( NEWS CONT5T4 ,WORK+ 9 A HI<LY COMPETITIVE 5VIRONM5T1 ) FUTURE EMPLOYM5T DEP5D+ ON BREAK+ ( HI<-PR(ILE /ORIES1 ! TEMPTATION TO EMBELLI% & S5SATIONALIZE /ORIES (T5 PROVES IRRESI/IBLE TO ?OSE :O >E DESP]ATE TO E/ABLI% !MSELVES 9 ! 9DU/RY4 ,ATT5D+ A PUBLIC MEET+ :]E REASONABLE PEOPLE DISCUSS$ PLANS = A PROTE/ IS A /ORY ?AT IS UNLIKELY TO GRAB ! FRONT PAGES4 ,ON ! O!R H& '9FILTRAT+ A SECRET MEET+ :]E FANATICS PLOTT$ TO BR+ *AOS TO ! CITY' MI<T4 

,SELF-C5SOR%IP 

  

,POSSIBLY ! MO/ 9SIDI\S FACTOR ?AT %APES ! MA9/REAM M$IA IS :AT ,*OMSKY CALLS 'SELF-C5SOR%IP' OR ! '9T]NALIZATION ( VALUES'4 ,?IS REF]S TO ! PROCESS :]EBY M$IA WORK]S 9T]NALIZE ! FILT]S ?AT APPLY TO ! PUBLICATIONS ?AT !Y WORK =4 ,?IS CREATES A SITUATION :]E MANY WILL /R5U\SLY PROCLAIM !IR FRE$OM TO WRITE :ATEV] !Y LIKE & D5Y ! EXI/5CE ( ANY C5SOR%IP ( !IR WORK4 ,9 G5]AL1 J\RNALI/S />T ON ! BOTTOM RUNGS ( ! M$IA LADD]1 PRODUC+ COMM]CIAL FEATURES OR LIFE/YLE PIECES4 ,BY ! TIME !Y RISE ?R\< ! SY/EM TO WORK ON MORE POLITICALLY S5SITIVE PIECES1 !Y WILL BE V]Y FAMILI> ) ! DOM9ANT IDEOLOGIES ESP\S$ BY ! PUBLICATION & 9DU/RY ?AT !Y WORK 94 ,ANYBODY :O FAILS TO 9T]NALIZE ! CORRECT VALUES WILL EI!R FAIL TO RISE1 OR WILL FACE SO MU* TURMOIL & CONFLICT ?AT !Y WILL BE DRIV5 \T4 

,= EXAMPLE1 IT IS UNLIKELY ?AT ! $ITORS ( ,IREL&'S ,SUNDAY ,9DEP5D5T HAVE TO REFUSE TOO MANY >TICLES ON ! GR\NDS ?AT !Y >E TOO SYMPA!TIC TO ,S9N ,FE94 ,ANYBODY :O F9DS !MSELVES 9 A POSITION AS A POLITICAL WRIT] = ?AT PUBLICATION WILL ALREADY KN[ WELL ?AT ONLY CRITICISMS ( ,S9N ,FE9 >E LIKELY TO BE PUBLI%$4 ,FUR!RMORE1 IT IS LIKELY ?AT ONLY ?OSE WRIT]S :O DEMON/RATE A P]SONAL DISLIKE = ,S9N ,FE9 WILL EV] BE GIV5 A JOB AS A POLITICAL COMM5TATOR4 

,P>T ,TWO3 ,BUILD+ ,ALT]NATIVE ,M$IA ,9/ITUTIONS 

  

,= ALL ( ! REASONS GIV5 ABOVE1 AN>*I/S & O!R RADICAL CRITICS ( ! CURR5T SOCIAL ORD] >E NEV] GO+ TO BE GIV5 A FAIR HE>+ 9 ! MA9/REAM M$IA AS IT IS N[ CON/ITUT$4 ,ON BALANCE1 ! M$IA COV]AGE !Y RECEIVE WILL BE OV]:ELM+LY NEGATIVE4 ,!Y WILL BE IGNOR$1 BELITTL$1 MOCK$1 MISREPRES5T$1 SL&]$1 VILIFI$ & ABUS$4 ,!RE IS NO?+ ?AT CAN BE DONE AB\T ?IS 9 ! %ORT T]M -- IT IS A CONSEQU5CE ( ! /RUCTURE ( ! 5TIRE 9DU/RY & IS \TSIDE ( POPUL> CONTROL4 ,!RE=E1 9 ! LONG RUN1 ! MO/ IMPORTANT TASK IS TO CREATE ALT]NATIVES2 M$IA ?AT IS NOT CONTROLL$ BY P[]FUL CORPORATIONS2 ?AT DOES NOT DEP5D ON ADV]TIS+ REV5UES2 ?AT PRIM>ILY AIMS TO 9=M RA!R ?AN 5T]TA92 ?AT IS 9DEP5D5T FROM POLITICAL PRESSURE COM+ FROM ! P[]FUL4 

,9 ! PA/ !RE HAVE BE5 MANY EXTREMELY SUCCESSFUL EXAMPLES ( PEOPLE DO+ JU/ ?AT4 ,!RE IS A LONG TRADITION ( RADICAL GRASSROOTS PUBLI%+ ) ROOTS ?AT GO BACK AT LEA/ AS F> AS ! LATE #a#h? C5TURY1 :5 ,?OMAS ,PA9E'S PAMPHLET ,! ,RI<TS ( ,MAN WAS 9FLU5TIAL 9 POPUL>IZ+ ! IDEAS ( ! REPUBLICAN REVOLUTIONS & UPRIS+S >\ND ! WORLD4 ,DUR+ ! #a#i? C5TURY1 A WORK]S' PRESS FL\RI%$1 PRODUC+ NUM]\S POPUL> DAILY NEWSPAP]S 9 NEW 9DU/RIAL T[NS 9 ,BRITA9 & ! ,U,S4 ,9 #a#i#c'S ,SPA9 ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ ,C,N,T PRODUC$ OV] #c DAILY NEWSPAP]S1 9CLUD+ ! NATIONAL BE/-SELL]4 ,SADLY1 ) ! GR[+ IMPORTANCE ( ADV]TIS+ REV5UES & ! DECL9E ( RADICAL WORK]S' ORGANIZATIONS1 ALT]NATIVE1 NONCOMM]CIAL PUBLICATIONS F\ND IT IMPOSSIBLE TO COMPETE ) ! CORPORATE PRODUCTS & !IR NUMB] DW9DL$4 ,G5]ALLY ONLY ?OSE PUBLICATIONS :I* W]E RUN BY WELL-ORGANIZ$ & COMMITT$ POLITICAL GR\PS SURVIVE TODAY4 ,!IR CIRCULATION IS MO/LY T9Y COMP>$ ) ! MASS DI/RIBUTION ?AT ! WORK]S' PRESS A*IEV$ MANY DECADES BE=E4 

,NEW M$IA TE*NOLOGIES SU* AS TELEVISION & RADIO ?AT W]E 9TRODUC$ 9 ! C\RSE ( ! TW5TIE? C5TURY T5D$ TO BE EV5 MORE TI<TLY CONTROLL$ BY GOV]NM5T & L>GE CORPORATIONS AS !Y REQUIRE GREAT] CAPITAL 9VE/M5T4 ,TODAY1 !RE >E ONLY A SMALL NUMB] ( COMMUNITY RADIO /ATIONS & PUBLIC ACCESS TELEVISION *ANNELS ?AT >E TRULY 9DEP5D5T ( CORPORATE & /ATE CONTROL1 & !Y HAVE T9Y AUDI5CES & M9USCULE RES\RCES TO COV] NEWS /ORIES :5 COMP>$ ) ! CORPORATE COMPETITION4 

,TO APPRECIATE ! M>G9ALITY ( NONCOMM]CIAL M$IA TODAY1 CONSID] ! EXAMPLE ( ,IREL&4 ,9 T]MS ( PR9T PUBLICATIONS1 IT IS ONLY ! NEWSPAP]S1 MAGAZ9ES & 'Z9ES PRODUC$ BY SMALL LEFT W+ GR\PS & 9DIVIDUALS ?AT >E FULLY 9DEP5D5T ( ! V>I\S FILT]S 9 ! PROPAG&A MODEL4 ,!RE >E LESS ?AN #a1 COPIES ( LIB]T>IAN PUBLICATIONS & MAYBE TWICE ?AT NUMB] ( ,M>XI/ & O!R RADICAL PUBLICATIONS DI/RIBUT$ 9 ,IREL& EA* YE>4 ,?IS FIGURE IS EASILY SURPASS$ BY EV]Y S+LE ISSUE ( SEV]AL CORPORATE ,SUNDAY NEWSPAP]S4 ,9 O!R M$IA1 SU* AS TELEVISION & RADIO1 ! SITUATION IS WORSE /ILL4 ,A C\PLE ( COMMUNITY-CONTROLL$ RADIO /ATIONS COMPETE AGA9/ A HUGE >RAY ( /ATE & COMM]CIAL (F]+S ) VA/LY GREAT] RES\RCES & AUDI5CES4 

,H[EV]1 ! SITUATION IS NOT 5TIRELY HOPELESS4 ,NO MATT] H[ HO/ILE & P[]FUL ! MA9/REAM M$IA IS1 RADICAL POLITICAL MOVEM5TS CAN /ILL OV]COME ! B>RI]S PUT 9 !IR WAY4 ,= EXAMPLE1 9 ! #a#i#g'S ,S9N ,FE9 CLAIM$ TO BE ABLE TO SELL UP TO #d#e1 COPIES ( !IR NEWSPAP]S#a1 ,AN ,PHOBLA*T & ,REPUBLICAN ,NEWS1 EA* WEEK 4 ,AL?\< !IR POPULI/ NATIONALI/ POLITICS >E H>DLY RADICAL1 !IR MILIT>Y CAMPAIGN WAS 9 FULL SW+ AT ! TIME & !Y W]E UTT]LY REVIL$ BY ! MA9/REAM4 ,DESPITE ! FACT ?AT ! CORPORATE WORLD W\LDN'T T\* !M ) A B>GE-POLL1 !Y MANAG$ TO BUILD AN IMPRESSIVE NETWORK ( SUPPORT]S TO DI/RIBUTE !IR IDEAS TO A MASS AUDI5CE4 

,A MORE REC5T1 IF LIMIT$1 EXAMPLE WAS SE5 DUR+ ! REC5T CAMPAIGN AGA9/ ! B9-TAX 9 ,DUBL94 ,! MASS OPPOSITION TO ?IS TAX WAS COMPLETELY IGNOR$ BY ! MA9/REAM M$IA = ?REE YE>S4 ,DUR+ ?IS TIME ! CAMPAIGN DI/RIBUT$ HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S ( LEAFLETS & NEWSLETT]S TO ,DUBL9 H\SEHOLDS1 ?R\< AN IMPRESSIVE NETWORK ( VOLUNTE]S4 ,BY ! TIME ?AT ! GOV]NM5T DECID$ TO ACT TO CRU% ! OPPOSITION TO ! TAX1 L>GE SWA!S ( ! CITY HAD BE5 WON OV] TO SUPPORT ! CAMPAIGN4 ,! HUGE LEAFLET+ NETWORK WAS CRUCIAL 9 CREAT+ A COMMON UND]/&+ ( ! ISSUES AMONG L>GE NUMB]S ( WORK]S ACROSS ! CITY4 ,! MA9/REAM M$IA DID EV5TUALLY />T TO COV] ! CAMPAIGN1 BUT ONLY :5 ! CITY WAS ON ! V]GE ( BE+ %UT D[N BY ! CAMPAIGN & !N !IR COV]AGE WAS A GOOD EXAMPLE ( H[ ! M$IA CAN ACT 9 UNISON :5 ! 9T]E/S ( ! P[]FUL >E ?REAT5$4 ,VIRTUALLY EV]Y S+LE PIECE ( COV]AGE 9 ! MA9/REAM M$IA WAS OV]TLY HO/ILE TO ! CAMPAIGN4 ,YET1 DESPITE ! M$IA SME>S1 ! LONG PROCESS ( BUILD+ A CAMPAIGN & DI/RIBUT+ 9=MATION WAS /RONG 5\< ?AT IT TOOK ! FULL MI<T ( ! /ATE TO CRU% IT4 

,H[EV]1 IT REQUIRES A HUGE 9VE/M5T ( RES\RCES = RADICAL GR\PS TO BE ABLE TO CREATE & DI/RIBUTE !IR [N M$IA4 ,9 G5]AL ! TIME1 MONEY & 5]GY 9VOLV$ MEANS ?AT IT IS ONLY RELATIVELY COH]5T1 WELL ORGANIZ$ & COMMITT$ GR\PS :O >E CAPABLE ( REA*+ L>GE NUMB]S4 ,?IS IS ONE >EA :]E AN>*I/S HAVE (T5 FALL5 D[N1 ESPECIALLY 9 COMP>ISON ) AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIALI/S4 ,V]Y FEW AN>*I/ PUBLICATIONS REA* L>GE NUMB]S ( PEOPLE4 ,9DE$ AN>*I/S (T5 MOCK ,TROTSKYI/S = !IR CONC5TRATION ON SELL+ NEWSPAP]S4 ,C]TA9LY ! POLITICS ?AT !IR PAP]S ADVOCATE & ! =CEFUL RECRUIT+ ?AT T5D TO ACCOMPANY !IR SALES PIT*ES DES]VE TO BE MOCK$1 BUT NOT ! FACT ?AT !Y SELL NEWSPAP]S1 :I* IS SIMPLY P>T ( ! H>D SLOG ( TRY+ TO BUILD UP ALT]NATIVE M$IA4 

,H[EV]1 ! SITUATION IS NOT 5TIRELY DEPRESS+ = AN>*I/S4 ,= ONE ?+ IT IS POSSIBLE = AN>*I/ ORGANIZATIONS TO EXP& ! CIRCULATION ( !IR PUBLICATIONS SIGNIFICANTLY ) H>D WORK & ORGANIZATION4 ,= EXAMPLE1 ! CIRCULATION ( ,WORK]S ,SOLID>ITY HAS 9CREAS$ BY A FACTOR ( AT LEA/ T5 )9 ?REE YE>S4 ,N[ AB\T #f1 COPIES >E DI/RIBUT$1 MO/LY DELIV]$ DOOR TO DOOR1 EV]Y TWO MON?S4 ,9 ADDITION TO ! PUBLICATIONS PUT TOGE!R BY ORGANIZ$ GR\PS1 ADVANCES 9 TE*NOLOGY HAVE CREAT$ SOME?+ ( A BOOM 9 ,D,I,Y PUBLI%+ ( AN>*I/ Z9ES1 MO/LY ASSEMBL$ BY 9DIVIDUALS OR SMALL GR\PS ( FRI5DS4 ,AL?\< !SE PUBLICATIONS NORMALLY HAVE V]Y SMALL CIRCULATION & T5D NOT TO BE AIM$ '\TW>DS' AT ! G5]AL PUBLIC1 TOGE!R !Y DO S]VE TO CIRCULATE IDEAS & DEBATE AMONG A WID] GR\P ?AN W\LD O!RWISE BE POSSIBLE4 ,BUT MO/ IMPORTANTLY1 ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! ,9T]NET HAS CREAT$ A NEW DI/RIBUTION & PUBLICATION ME?OD = RADICAL M$IA1 ONE ?AT HAS YET TO FALL UND] ! ABSOLUTE CONTROL ( CORPORATE OR /ATE P[] & ONE ?AT IS P>TICUL>LY FAVORABLE = AN>*I/S4 

,REVOLUTION 9 ,CYB]SPACE8 

  

,DESPITE ! OV]BL[N HYPE AB\T ! POT5TIAL ( ! ,9T]NET TO REPLACE ALL TRADITIONAL =MS ( COMMUNICATION1 ITS EM]G5CE HAS /ILL HAD IMPORTANT EFFECTS4 ,IT HAS SIGNIFICANTLY R$UC$ ! CO/S ( DI/RIBUTION ( 9=MATION TO MASS AUDI5CES1 ?US L[]+ ! F9ANCIAL B>RI] TO 5TRY 9 ! 9DU/RY4 ,?IS HAS ALL[$ ORGANIZATIONS )\T HUGE F9ANCIAL BACK+ TO ATTRACT L>GE AUDI5CES TO !IR SITES )\T ! NE$ TO DEP5D HEAVILY ON ADV]TIS+ REV5UE4 ,= EXAMPLE1 ! WEB SITE ( ! ,W,S,M PROBABLY ATTRACTS SIGNIFICANTLY MORE TRAFFIC ?AN MANY ( ! MA9/REAM POLITICAL P>TIES 9 ,IREL&1 DESPITE ! FACT ?AT WE >E ?\S&S ( TIMES POOR]4 

,! 9H]5TLY TRANS-NATIONAL NATURE ( ! ,9T]NET HAS HAD IMPORTANT EFFECTS4 ,BY ALL[+ PEOPLE TO COMMUNICATE )\T ANY P5ALTIES = PHYSICAL DI/ANCE1 RADICAL POLITICAL CURR5TS1 :I* W]E PREVI\SLY TOO GEOGRAPHICALLY DISP]S$ & ?9LY SPREAD TO =M !MSELVES 9TO EFFECTIVE MOVEM5TS1 HAVE BE5 ABLE TO COME TOGE!R & ORGANIZE 9 CYB]SPACE4 ,! GLOBAL ANTI-CAPITALI/ MOVEM5T1 :I* EXPLOD$ ONTO ! ,T,V SCRE5S 9 ,SEATTLE & ,G5OA1 HAD A LONG 9CUBATION P]IOD ON ! ,9T]NET BE=E IT WAS CAPABLE ( COALESC+ 9 ! REAL WORLD4 ,! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T TOO [ES MU* ( ITS CURR5T GR[? TO ! ,9T]NET4 ,NOT ONLY HAVE AN>*I/ IDEAS BE5 REVIV$ 9 !IR TRADITIONAL BASES1 !Y HAVE SPREAD ALL OV] ! GLOBE1 (T5 C>RI$ BY POPUL> WEBSITES & MAIL+ LI/S TO C\NTRIES )\T ANY AN>*I/ TRADITION1 OR ONE ?AT WAS LONG DEAD4 

,! ,9T]NET'S TRANS-NATIONALISM HAS ALSO ALL[$ NON-CORPORATE M$IA TO SOME:AT CIRCUMV5T ! V>I\S LEGAL IMP$IM5TS ?AT /ATES HAVE DEVIS$ TO IMP$E RADICAL M$IA4 ,NATIONAL COPYRI<T & LIBEL LAWS >E DIFFICULT TO 5=CE :5 ! WEBSITE IS PHYSICALLY HO/$ 9 ANO!R C\NTRY4 ,AS AN 9T]NATIONAL 5TITY1 !RE IS NO S+LE LEGAL SY/EM :I* HAS AU?ORITY OV] ! :OLE ,9T]NET4 ,UNSURPRIS+LY1 ! ,U,S GOV]NM5T HAVE BE5 TAK+ /EPS TO REM$Y ?IS4 ,!Y HAVE EFFECTIVELY ATTEMPT$ TO LEGISLATE = ! 5TIRE ,9T]NET1 ?R\< ! PROMOTION ( MULTI-LAT]AL AGREEM5TS1 LIKE ! TREATIES ON 9TELLECTUAL PROP]TY RI<TS AGRE$ AT ! ,WORLD ,TRADE ,ORGANIZATION1 OR ?R\< UNILAT]AL MEASURES LIKE ! ,DIGITAL ,MILL5NIUM ,COPYRI<T ,ACT1 :]E ! ,U,S ATTEMPT$ TO PROSECUTE =EIGN COMPANIES = BREAK+ ,U,S COPYRI<T LAW4 ,AL?\< SU* LEGAL CONTROL IS /ILL LIMIT$1 IT IS A CON/ANT ?REAT TO FREE COMMUNICATION ON ! 9T]NET4 ,HI/ORY TELLS US ?AT ! MORE ?AT /ATES CAN LEGALLY CONTROL ! 9=MATION DI/RIBUT$ ON ! ,9T]NET1 ! MORE DOM9AT$ BY ! CORPORATE SECTOR IT WILL BECOME4 

,9 ADDITION TO ITS L[ F9ANCIAL B>RI] TO 5TRY & ITS TRANS-NATIONAL1 GEOGRAPHICAL DI/ANCE-COLLAPS+ NATURE1 P]HAPS ! MO/ IMPORTANT DEVELOPM5T ( ! ,9T]NET IS A CONSEQU5CE ( ITS FUNDAM5TAL COMMUNICATION P>ADIGM4 ,TRADITIONAL M$IA FACILITATE FEW-TO-MANY COMMUNICATION4 ,?IS MEANS ?AT A RELATIVELY SMALL NUMB] ( PEOPLE PRODUCE ! 9=MATION1 :ILE A L>GE NUMB] ( PEOPLE CONSUME IT & !RE IS A CLE> DIVISION BETWE5 ! TWO4 ,?IS MODEL IS FAVOR$ :5 !RE IS A RELATIVELY HI< CO/ 9VOLV$ 9 PRODUC+ & DI/RIBUT+ ! 9=MATION4 ,9 ! E>LY YE>S ( ! ,9T]NET1 ?IS WAS ! PR$OM9ANT MODEL = WEB SITES1 ) SITES BE+ MANAG$ BY 9DIVIDUALS & SMALL GR\PS & PASSIVELY CONSUM$ BY VIEW]S4 

,H[EV]1 UNLIKE A NEWSPAP] OR A ,T,V BROADCA/1 !RE IS VIRTUALLY NO CO/ 9VOLV$ 9 ADD+ & DI/RIBUT+ NEW 9=MATION ON ! ,9T]NET4 ,!RE >E FEW ( ! SAME CON/RA9TS ON ! SIZE & VOLUME ( ! 9=MATION DI/RIBUT$4 ,?IS FEATURE HAS FACILITAT$ ! DEVELOPM5T ( MANY-TO-MANY COMMUNICATION MODELS1 S\RCES ( 9=MATION CREAT$ BY P>TICIPATORY1 VOLUNT>Y COMMUNITIES :]E ! L9ES BETWE5 CONSUM] & PRODUC] ( ! 9=MATION >E BLURR$4 ,?IS TYPE ( COMMUNITY /RET*ES BACK TO ! BIR? ( ! 9T]NET & HAS MIGRAT$ ?R\< ! V>I\S ,9T]NET COMMUNICATION TOOLS FROM US5ET NEWSGR\PS TO EMAIL LI/S TO ! ,WORLD ,WIDE ,WEB4 

,PROBABLY ! MO/ IMPRESSIVE *ILD ( ! ,9T]NET IS ! FREE S(TW>E MOVEM5T1 A VA/ & NEBUL\S COMMUNITY ( COMPUT] PROGRAMM]S1 SPREAD ALL OV] ! GLOBE1 :O USE A PRODUCTION MODEL ?AT IS MU* CLOS] TO PURE COMMUNISM ?AN TO CAPITALISM -- ! VA/ MAJORITY ( WORK IS VOLUNT>Y & ! PRODUCTS >E GIV5 AWAY = FREE4 ,?IS COMMUNITY IS RESPONSIBLE = MU* ( ! S(TW>E ?AT RUNS ! ,9T]NET ITSELF & ITS CREATIONS HAVE BE5 CRUCIAL 9 ! DEVELOPM5T ( 9T]NET COMMUNITIES :]E 9=MATION RA!R ?AN S(TW>E IS ! PRODUCT4 ,) ! DEVELOPM5T ( S(TW>E TOOLS TO FACILITATE ! CREATION & DI/RIBUTION ( 9=MATION BY L>GE GR\PS ( CO-OP]AT+ PEOPLE1 5ORM\S REPOSITORIES ( 9=MATION HAVE BE5 DEVELOP$ BY EV]-GR[+ COMMUNITIES4 ,! 9CREAS+ SOPHI/ICATION & EASE ( USE ( ! TOOLS HAS BE5 CLOSELY FOLL[$ BY L>G]1 MORE DIV]SE & MORE SOPHI/ICAT$ EXAMPLES ( COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION4 

,RADICAL POLITICAL CURR5TS HAVE BE5 ABLE TO TAKE ADVANTAGE ( !SE DEVELOPM5TS4 ,9 ! ,5GLI%-SPEAK+ WORLD1 IT IS ALMO/ C]TA9LY TRUE1 IF DIFFICULT TO MEASURE1 ?AT VA/LY MORE 9=MATION WRITT5 FROM A RADICAL LEFT-W+ PO9T ( VIEW IS DI/RIBUT$ ELECTRONICALLY ?AN ON PAP] TODAY4 ,! NATURE ( ! ,9T]NET'S COMMUNICATION MODEL HAS ALSO MEANT ?AT ?OSE POLITICAL MOVEM5TS :I* >E MORE LIB]T>IAN 9 !IR ORGANIZATION1 ) CONSID]ABLE AUTONOMY )9 BROAD AGREEM5TS ON PR9CIPLE1 & MORE DEMOCRATIC & P>TICIPATORY 9 ! WAY 9 :I* !Y PRODUCE 9=MATION1 HAVE T5D$ TO TAKE ADVANTAGE ( ?IS OPPORTUNITY MU* MORE EFFECTIVELY ?AN ! TRADITIONAL1 AU?ORIT>IAN LEFT4 ,HI<LY HI]>*ICAL GR\PS >E ORGANIZ$ SO ?AT A SMALL NUMB] ( SPECIALI/S PRODUCE ! 9=MATION1 OR AT LEA/ CLOSELY SCRUT9IZE IT BE=E DI/RIBUTION1 :I* IS MORE SUIT$ TO TRADITIONAL FEW-TO-MANY COMMUNICATION4 

,MANY ( ! COLLECTIVELY PRODUC$1 POLITICALLY RADICAL 9=MATION S\RCES ON ! ,9T]NET >E 9T5D$ = A P>TICUL> NI*E AUDI5CE & S]VE MA9LY AS A MEANS ( DEVELOP+ ! COMMUNITY 9T]NALLY1 BY PROVID+ A =UM 9 :I* PEOPLE ) SIMIL> VIEWS CAN ID5TIFY EA* O!R1 GET SOME S5SE ( !MSELVES AS A COLLECTIVE MOVEM5T & DEVELOP !IR IDEAS ?R\< DEBATE & >GUM5T4 ,BULLET9 BO>D SY/EMS1 LIKE URBAN#g#e4COM & 5RAG]4NET1 BAS$ 9 ! ,U,K1 >E GOOD EXAMPLES4 ,AL?\< !SE COMMUNITIES >E V]Y USEFUL1 !Y >5'T AIM$ AT A G5]AL AUDI5CE & WILL NEV] COMPETE ) ! CORPORATE WORLD AS A PRIM>Y S\RCE ( 9=MATION AB\T :AT IS HAPP5+ 9 ! WORLD4 

,O!R COMMUNITIES HAVE TAK5 ! FIR/ /EPS T[>DS TAK+ ON ! CORPORATE M$IA4 ,SITES LIKE ,ZNET1 & COMMONDREAMS4ORG GA!R TOGE!R A WEAL? ( HI< QUALITY RADICAL ANALYSIS ( CURR5T AFFAIRS4 ,:ILE !SE SITES HAVE A L>GE NUMB] ( CONTRIBUTORS1 !Y /ILL G5]ALLY RELY ON A SMALL GR\P ( PEOPLE TO *OOSE :AT TO 9CLUDE & :AT NOT TO4 

,SOME ,9T]NET 9=MATION COMMUNITIES HAVE ATTEMPT$ TO GO BEYOND ?IS & FACILITATE AS WIDE AN 9VOLVEM5T 9 ! PROCESS ( 9=MATION PRODUCTION AS IS POSSIBLE4 ,DUE TO ! FACT ?AT DIFF]5T P>TICIPANTS HAVE DIFF]5T LEVEL ( COMMITM5T TO ! GOALS ( ! COMMUNITY1 IT IS PROBABLY IMPOSSIBLE & UNDESIRABLE TO EV] ELIM9ATE ! POSITION ( MEMB]S ) P>TICUL> PRIVILEGES ?AT ALL[ !M TO REGULATE ! DI/RIBUTION ( 9=MATION4 ,H[EV]1 !RE HAVE BE5 SEV]AL HUGELY SUCCESSFUL EXAMPLES :]E ?IS PR9CIPLE IS TAK5 TO ITS LOGICAL CONCLUSION4 ,COMMUNITIES LIKE ,SLA%DOT1 ,KURO#eH91 ,9DYM$IA & ,WIKIP$IA >E 5TIRELY MANAG$ BY ! COMMUNITY ?AT USES !M1 & !SE COMMUNITIES NUMB] MANY ?\S&S4 

,9DYM$IA IS ( P>TICUL> 9T]E/ TO AN>*I/S DUE TO ITS POLITICAL ROOTS AS WELL AS ITS OP5 P>TICIPATORY NATURE4 ,IT WAS BORN 9 ,SEATTLE 9 ,NOVEMB] #a#i#i#i1 DUR+ ! FAM\S PROTE/S !RE AGA9/ ! ,W,T,O & HAS REMA9$ HEAVILY 9FLU5C$ BY ! RADICAL LIB]T>IAN IDEAS CURR5T 9 ! GLOBAL JU/ICE MOVEM5T4 ,TODAY1 IT HAS EXP&$ TO BE A GLOBAL NETWORK ( OP5 PUBLI%+ NEWS SITES1 ) #ae COLLECTIVES ( V>Y+ SIZE 9 OV] #g C\NTRIES4 0,OP5 PUBLI%+0 MEANS ?AT ALL ( ! US]S ( ! SITE PRODUCE ! NEWS COLLECTIVELY1 RA!R ?AN IT BE+ A JOB ( A SMALL GR\P4 ,! MEMB]S ( EA* COLLECTIVE >E RESPONSIBLE = 5=C+ BASIC $ITORIAL GUIDEL9ES & *OOS+ :I* >TICLES TO HI<LI<T AS 'FEATURES'4 ,! NETWORK ( COLLECTIVES AGREE TO A BASIC SET ( GOALS & PR9CIPLES AS P>T ( ! PROCESS ( JO9+4 ,!SE NETWORK WIDE AGREEM5TS AM\NT TO A /ATEM5T ( BASIC AN>*I/ ORGANIZATIONAL PR9CIPLES -- EMPHASIZ+ DEMOCRACY1 ACC\NTABILITY1 OP5NESS & NON-HI]>*ICAL /RUCTURES4 ,H[EV]1 BEYOND ! BASIC AGREEM5T ( PR9CIPLES1 ! COLLECTIVES >E AUTONOM\S4 ,?IS CREATES A GREAT DIV]SITY )9 ! NETWORK1 :I* IS P>TICUL>LY OBVI\S :5 EXAM9+ ! $ITORIAL POLICIES ( ! V>I\S DIFF]5T ,9T]NET SITES4 ,SOME SITES1 PR$OM9ANTLY 9 ! ,U,S1 PRACTICE A POLICY ( FREE SPEE*1 :]E ALL CONTRIBUTIONS >E AUTOMATICALLY DI/RIBUT$1 IRRESPECTIVE ( !IR POLITICAL PO9T ( VIEW1 :I* NORMALLY HAS ! UN=TUNATE CONSEQU5CE ( A L>GE AM\NT ( ! CONT5T BE+ MADE UP ( DELIB]ATE DISRUPTION & ABUSE4 ,O!R SITES APPLY MU* TI<T] GUIDEL9ES1 EV5 GO+ AS F> AS BANN+ HI]>*ICALLY ORGANIZ$ GR\PS FROM DI/RIBUT+ 9=MATION ?R\< ! SITE1 OR ONLY ALL[+ P>TICIPATION BY REGI/]$ US]S4 ,MO/ SIT SOME:]E 9 BETWE51 REMOV+ DISRUPTIVE CONT5T & P]SONALIZ$ ABUSE1 BUT ALL[+ 9PUT FROM ALL POLITICAL PO9TS ( VIEW AS LONG AS !Y DO NOT CONTA9 HATE-SPEE* SU* AS BLATANT RACISM1 SEXISM OR HOMOPHOBIA4 

,AL?\< COMMUNITIES LIKE ,9DYM$IA DO EV5TUALLY AIM TO *ALL5GE ! MA9/REAM M$IA AS ! DOM9ANT WAY 9 :I* PEOPLE 9=M !MSELVES AB\T ! WORLD1 IT IS OBVI\S ?AT WE >E A LONG WAY FROM !RE4 ,H[EV]1 GIV5 !IR APP>5TLY UTOPIAN PR9CIPLES1 !IR NETWORKS HAVE FL\RI%$ & GR[N4 ,AL?\< !RE >E HUGE DIFF]5CES 9 ! QUALITY ( ! 9=MATION PRODUC$ ON ,9DYM$IA SITES1 SOME ( !M HAVE MANAG$ TO BECOME IMPORTANT S\RCES ( NEWS 9 C]TA9 FIELDS4 ,= EXAMPLE1 AL?\< ! AUDI5CE ( ,9DYM$IA ,IREL& IS UND\BT$LY MO/LY CONF9$ TO PEOPLE ) LEFT W+ SYMPA?IES & IT HAS 9 NO WAY MANAG$ TO BECOME A REAL ALT]NATIVE TO ! CORPORATE M$IA = MO/ SUBJECTS1 ) #e-#a1 HITS ON AN AV]AGE DAY1 ITS REA* DW>FS ?AT ( O!R RADICAL PUBLICATIONS4 ,:5 RADICAL POLITICAL MOVEM5TS >E P>TICUL>LY ACTIVE 9 ! REAL WORLD1 DUR+ CAMPAIGNS1 PROTE/S & DISPUTES1 ! LOCAL ,9DYM$IA SITES BECOME 9VALUABLE S\RCES ( NEWS ?AT EASILY RIVALS ! COV]AGE ( ! CORPORATE M$IA4 ,= EXAMPLE1 9 ,IREL&1 ,9DYM$IA PROVID$ ! BE/ S\RCE ( 9=MATION AB\T ! ANTI-W> MOVEM5T1 ! REC5T BATTLE AGA9/ ! B9 TAX & ! MAYDAY ANTI-CAPITALI/ MOBILIZATION & DUR+ ALL ( !SE P]IODS1 ! READ]%IP 9CREAS$ 5ORM\SLY1 PEAK+ AT #i1 HITS ON ,MAYDAY #b#d4 ,SIMIL>LY1 ! ,NEW ,YORK CITY ,9DYM$IA SITE PROVID$ UNP>ALLEL$ UP-TO-!-M9UTE COV]AGE ( ! PROTE/S !RE DUR+ ! #bd ,REPUBLICAN P>TY CONV5TION TO APPO9T ,GEORGE ,BU% AS !IR C&IDATE = ! PRESID5CY4 

,H[EV]1 :ILE IT IS CLE> ?AT COMMUNITIES LIKE ,9DYM$IA >E EXTREMELY USEFUL 9 DI/RIBUT+ RADICAL 9=MATION TO L>GE AUDI5CES & ! ,9T]NET CONT9UES TO BE AN EXTREMELY P[]FUL COMMUNICATION TOOL1 IT IS IMPORTANT TO REMEMB] ?AT ! VA/ MAJORITY ( ! WORLD'S POPULATION HAVE EI!R SEV]ELY LIMIT$ ACCESS TO ! 9T]NET OR NONE AT ALL4 ,= ! =SEEABLE FUTURE WE MU/ RESIGN \RSELVES TO ! FACT ?AT ONLY A SMALL M9ORITY ( ! POPULATION1 EV5 9 ! RI*] P>TS ( ! WORLD1 WILL HAVE SUFFICI5T ACCESS TO ! ,9T]NET TO MAKE IT A VIABLE S\RCE ( NEWS1 NO MATT] H[ HI< ! QUALITY ( ! MAT]IAL ?AT WE PRODUCE4 ,IF WE WANT TO *ANGE ! WORLD1 WE NE$ TO W9 OV] L>GE NUMB]S ( PEOPLE :O WILL NEV] HAVE ACCESS TO ! ,9T]NET4 ,SO IT REMA9S ( P>AM\NT IMPORTANCE TO PRODUCE & DI/RIBUTE 9=MATION 9 TRADITIONAL =MATS4 ,! ,9T]NET GIVES RADICAL LEFT W+ MOVEM5TS ACCESS TO A HUGE RANGE ( IDEAS & 9=MATION4 ,! PROCESS ( DI/RIBUT+ ?IS 9=MATION BACK 9TO ! REAL WORLD ?R\< TRADITIONAL M$IA IS A CRUCIAL P>T ( ! CYCLE4 ,NEWSPAP]S1 RADIO %[S1 LEAFLETS1 MAGAZ9ES & SO ON WILL BE ) US = A LONG TIME YET4 ,MANY ,9DYM$IA COLLECTIVES & SIMIL> ,9T]NET PROJECTS >E ALREADY ADDRESS+ ?IS PROBLEM & >E MAK+ GREAT EF=TS TO TRANSF] ! 9=MATION FROM ! 9T]NET ONTO ! /REETS1 ?R\< PR9TABLE PDF NEWS-%EETS1 SCRE5+S ( D[NLOAD$ VIDEO PRODUCTIONS1 RUNN+ RADIO %[S & /ATIONS & HO/+ WORK%OPS1 BUT ! DI/RIBUTION ( 9=MATION FROM ! ,9T]NET BACK 9 TO ! REAL WORLD WILL REMA9 ! BOTTL5ECK = ! A LONG TIME TO COME4 

,P>T ,?REE3 ,:5 AN>*I/S SWIM 9 ! MA9/REAM 

  

,HAV+ /RESS$ ! P>AM\NT & PRIM>Y IMPORTANCE ( BUILD+ AN ALT]NATIVE M$IA ?AT IS OP51 DEMOCRATIC & TRANSP>5T1 IT IS IMPORTANT ?AT WE RECOGNIZE \R LIMITATIONS AT ! CURR5T TIME4 ,AN >TICLE ?AT IS PUBLI%$ ON ,9DYM$IA OR 9 ,WORK]S ,SOLID>ITY MI<T BE READ BY A FEW ?\S& PEOPLE AT BE/4 ,AN >TICLE ?AT APPE>S 9 ! ,IRI% ,9DEP5D5T MI<T BE READ BY A FEW HUNDR$ ?\S&4 ,A /ORY ?AT APPE>S ON NATIONAL TELEVISION NEWS MI<T BE SE5 BY A MILLION4 

,BUILD+ UP AUDI5CES = \R M$IA IS A V]Y IMPORTANT TASK1 BUT IT IS ONE ?AT WILL NOT HAPP5 OV]NI<T4 ,! MODEL BY :I* \R M$IA IS PRODUC$ -- P>TICIPATORY1 DEMOCRATIC & OP5 TO RADICAL OP9IONS -- REPRES5TS A P>ADIGM %IFT FROM ! PASSIVE CONSUMPTION ?AT IS USUAL ) MA9/REAM NEWS4 ,PEOPLE >E US$ TO READ+ NEWS ?AT IS WRITT5 TO APPE> AS IF IT IS WRITT5 BY AN AU?ORITATIVE1 OBJECTIVE & WELL-9=M$ WRIT]1 ) C>EFUL BALANCE BETWE5 ! V>I\S OP9IONS REPRES5T$4 ,9 G5]AL1 S9CE !Y LACK ACCESS TO ALT]NATIVE PO9TS ( VIEW & >E NOT AW>E ( ! =CES ?AT %APE ! PROCESS ( NEWS PRODUCTION1 MO/ PEOPLE WILL T5D TO ACCEPT ?AT !SE >TICLES >E G5U9ELY OBJECTIVE & BALANC$4 ,:5 !Y 5C\NT] ALT]NATIVE PUBLICATIONS1 !Y WILL T5D TO SEE !M AS BIAS$ & 'UNPR(ESSIONAL' & WILL NOT TRU/ ! 9=MATION ?AT !Y C>RY4 ,!RE=E1 EV5 IF WE CAN SUCCE$ 9 MAK+ PEOPLE AW>E ( \R ALT]NATIVES1 ONLY A M9ORITY WILL BE WON OV] AT FIR/4 ,!RE=E1 WE HAVE TO RECONCILE \RSELVES ) ! FACT ?AT ! VA/ MAJORITY ( PEOPLE >E GO+ TO CONT9UE TO GET !IR NEWS AB\T ! WORLD FROM ! MA9/REAM M$IA4 ,?IS IS SOME?+ ?AT WE SIMPLY HAVE TO ACCEPT = ! MOM5T4 ,WE WI% IT WAS O!RWISE1 WE WORK T[>DS *ANG+ IT1 BUT IT EXI/S & WE CAN NOT =GET ?AT4 

,WE ALSO CANNOT =GET ?AT AS AN>*I/S WE >E ATTEMPT+ TO *ANGE SOCIETY4 ,WE >E NOT 9T]E/$ 9 CREAT+ \R [N LITTLE NI*E CUT (F FROM ! MA9/REAM :]E WE CAN LIVE \TSIDE ( ! CONF9ES ( CAPITALISM4 ,NOBODY IS TRULY FREE AS LONG AS ONE P]SON IS 5SLAV$ & EV5 ?\< IT IS SOMETIMES POSSIBLE = SMALL GR\PS ( RADICALS TO CREATE !IR [N CULTURES CUT (F FROM MA9/REAM SOCIETY1 :5 Y\ CONSID] ?AT ?IS SPACE ONLY EXI/S 9 ! ,WE/ DUE TO ! EXTREME EXPLOITATION ( ! POOR] P>TS ( ! WORLD1 IT IS QUITE CLE> ?AT = US TO )DRAW 9TO \R ACTIVI/ BUBBLES W\LD BE A CLE> D5IAL ( AN>*I/ PR9CIPLES4 ,WE HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO TRY TO CONV9CE AS MANY PEOPLE AS POSSIBLE ( \R IDEAS & ?IS MEANS ?AT WE HAVE TO DO :ATEV] IS POSSIBLE TO REA* ?OSE PEOPLE4 ,EV]Y TIME AN AN>*I/ IS QUOT$ 9 A MA9/REAM M$IA \TLET1 NO MATT] H[ ATROCI\S ! >TICLE1 L>GE NUMB]S ( PEOPLE PROBABLY LE>N = ! FIR/ TIME ?AT AN>*I/S EXI/4 ,& IF WE CAN ATTRACT ANY HONE/ COV]AGE AT ALL1 WE WILL PROBABLY REA* MORE PEOPLE 9 A S+LE BL[ ?AN WE W\LD ) YE>S ( \R [N PUBLICATIONS4 ,!RE=E1 WE SIMPLY CAN'T IGNORE ! MA9/REAM M$IA & CONC5TRATE ON \R ALT]NATIVES1 RA!R WE %\LD LOOK = 9TELLIG5T WAYS 9 :I* WE CAN ATTEMPT TO 9FLU5CE ! COV]AGE ?AT WE RECEIVE4 

,:5 ,I SAY '9FLU5CE'1 ,I DO NOT MEAN ?AT ,I ?9K ?AT AN>*I/S WILL EV] RECEIVE ANY?+ O!R ?AN %AMEFULLY DI%ONE/ & HO/ILE COV]AGE FROM ! M$IA AS A :OLE4 ,H[EV]1 ,RUP]T ,MURDO* HAS YET TO EMULATE ,/AL9'S CONTROL ( 9=MATION4 ,!RE >E OPPORTUNITIES ?AT WE CAN EXPLOIT4 ,AL?\< ALMO/ ALL PR(ESSIONAL J\RNALI/S DO LABOR UND] ! SAME /RUCTURAL CONDITIONS & )9 ! SAME CORPORATE FRAMEWORK1 !RE >E BIG DIFF]5CES 9 !IR E?ICAL & PR(ESSIONAL /&>DS4 ,!RE >E SOME J\RNALI/S :O WILL NOT SET \T TO DELIB]ATELY DI/ORT :AT WE SAY & WILL MAKE SOME ATTEMPT TO PORTRAY AN ACCURATE REPRES5TATION ( \R GOALS & AIMS4 ,!RE >E EV5 SOME R>E ONES :O HAVE SOMEH[ RETA9$ !IR ABILITY TO COMPREH5D OR EV5 SYMPA?IZE ) \R IDEAS DESPITE ! M9D-NUMB+ & N>R[+ EXP]I5CE ( WORK+ 9 CORPORATE M$IA4 

,FUR!RMORE1 IT IS WOR? BE>+ 9 M9D ?AT ! M$IA IS DIVID$ UP 9TO SEV]AL SECTORS & !RE >E SIGNIFICANT DIFF]5CES BETWE5 !M4 ,LOCAL M$IA & UPM>KET NEWSPAP]S CAN'T GET AWAY ) ! SAME 9DIFF]5CE TO FACT ?AT ! TABLOIDS 5JOY4 ,?IS IS NOT TO SAY1 H[EV]1 ?AT 'S]I\S' BROAD%EET NEWSPAP]S >E MU* MORE LIKELY TO PA9T AN ACCURATE PICTURE ( AN>*I/S ?AN TABLOIDS >E1 OR ?AT /ATE BROADCA/]S >E ANY MORE LIKELY TO SYMPA?IZE ) US ?AN ,RUP]T ,MURDO*'S NEWS *ANNELS >E 7AL?\< NEWS IS F> FROM AN ACCURATE DESCRIPTION ( !IR CONT5T74 ,H[EV]1 ! DIFF]5T SECTORS ( ! M$IA CAN SOMETIMES BE PLAY$ (F AGA9/ EA* O!R4 ,! BROAD%EETS & /ATE BROADCA/]S LIKE TO 5G5D] A S5SE ( SUP]IORITY 9 !IR AUDI5CES4 ,:5 ! TABLOIDS :IP UP SC>E CAMPAIGNS1 SPACES CAN OP5 9 ! MORE RESPECTABLE M$IA = US4 ,SUDD5LY1 A REALI/IC PORTRAYAL ( AN>*I/S CAN BECOME A /ORY1 ) AN ANGLE ?AT FOCUSES ON ! IRRESPONSIBILITY ( ! TABLOIDS4 

,9 SOME CASES SYMPA!TIC 9T]VIEWS1 ?AT W\LD BE UN?9KABLE 9 MO/ CIRCUM/ANCES1 CAN GET BY $ITORS 9 AN ATMOSPH]E ( TABLOID HYPE4 ,9 #bd AN>*I/S 9 ,DUBL91 ,BO/ON & ,NEW ,YORK RECEIV$ POSITIVE EXPOSURE 9 P>TS ( ! MASS M$IA DUR+ ! HYPE SURR\ND+ MAJOR PROTE/S4 ,9 ALL ?REE CASES ! POSITIVE COV]AGE WAS DW>F$ BY ! NEGATIVE4 ,WE HAD 0AN>*I/S PLANN+ TO GAS #a1 ,DUBL9]S0 ON ! FRONT PAGE ( ! ,IRI% ,SUN4 ,BUT ! \TL&I% SC>E /ORIES W]E G5]ALLY PRODUC$ BY ! POLICE & PR9T$ BY 0CRIME CORRESPOND5TS0 DEP5D5T UPON !M4 ,!RE IS NO?+ ?AT AN>*I/S C\LD HAVE DONE TO AVOID !SE4 ,H[EV]1 ! AUDI5CE = ! POSITIVE COV]AGE ?AT AN>*I/S MANAG$ TO A*IEVE PROBABLY RIVAL$ ?AT :I* !Y C\LD REA* ?R\< SEV]AL YE>S ( DI/RIBUT+ !IR [N PUBLICATIONS4 ,BY 5GAG+ ) ! M$IA 9 A C>EFUL1 PLANN$ & 9TELLIG5T WAY1 !Y AT LEA/ MANAG$ TO TURN ! SL&]S TO SOME GOOD4 

,AN>*I/ ,PITFALLS 

  

,BUT EV5 IF WE DO TRY TO 9FLU5CE H[ ! M$IA PORTRAYS US1 !RE >E MAJOR PITFALLS = AN>*I/S :O DECIDE TO TALK TO ! M$IA & UNLESS ! GR\PS & 9DIVIDUALS 9VOLV$ >E WELL PREP>$1 IT CAN TURN \T TO BE MORE DAMAG+ ?AN HELPFUL4 ,! M$IA >E US$ TO DEAL+ ) TRADITIONAL HI]>*ICAL ORGANIZATIONS1 :OSE SPOKESPEOPLE >E ALSO NORMALLY LEAD]S ( !IR ORGANIZATION4 ,! M$IA T5DS TO ID5TIFY ?IS SPOKESP]SON ) ! ORGANIZATION & FOCUS AS MU* ON !IR P]SONALITY AS !IR POLITICS4 ,= MO/ HI]>*ICAL POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS ?IS IS NOT PROBLEMATIC1 AS !Y BO? WANT & NE$ TO BUILD UP ! P]SONAL PR(ILE ( ! LEAD]4 ,!Y ALSO HAVE ! ADVANTAGE ( BE+ ABLE TO PRODUCE /ATEM5TS & RESPONSES AT %ORT NOTICE AS !Y R>ELY HAVE TO SEEK A M&ATE FROM !IR ORGANIZATIONS TO DO SO4 ,IF AN>*I/S ATTEMPT TO 5GAGE ) ! MA9/REAM M$IA ON ITS [N T]MS1 WE WILL F9D ?AT ! 9H]5T HI]>*ICAL MODEL ?AT IS ASSUM$ WILL />T TO RUB (F ON US & WE WILL EM]GE FROM ! EXP]I5CE DAMAG$ 9T]NALLY1 EV5 IF WE DO MANAGE TO PUT ACROSS A GOOD PUBLIC FACE4 

,9DIVIDUAL AN>*I/S (T5 HAVE V]Y P]SONAL PROBLEMS ) ! M$IA4 ,AS SOON AS ANY NAM$ 9DIVIDUAL IS PUBLICLY ASSOCIAT$ ) 0AN>*ISM0 9 ! M$IA1 !Y BECOME A T>GET = *>ACT] ASSASS9ATION BY ! GUTT] PRESS4 ,!SE TYPES ( ATTACK CAN BE VICI\S & CAN BE V]Y UPSETT+ = :OEV] HAS PUT !MSELVES =W>D4 ,!Y CAN ALSO LEAD TO S]I\S PROBLEMS ) P>5TS OR RELATIVES & EMPLOY]S4 ,IT IS NOT UNKN[N = PEOPLE TO LOSE !IR JOBS & S]I\SLY JEOP>DIZE ANY *ANCES ( FUTURE EMPLOYM5T AS A RESULT ( SU* ATTACKS4 

,TAK+ P>T 9 ! M$IA SPECTACLE ?AT SURR\NDS SUMMIT PROTE/S CAN HAVE CORROSIVE EFFECTS ON ! POLITICS ( ! GR\P4 ,EV5 :5 PEOPLE HAVE A /RONG COMMITM5T TO ACT+ AS A DELEGATE ( ! GR\P & NOT BECOM+ A LEAD]1 !Y CAN BECOME 5TRANC$ BY BE+ P>T ( ! SPECTACLE4 ,M$IA EXPOSURE AFFECTS ! EGO4 ,A DESIRE = PUBLICITY & CELEBRITY IS A V]Y COMMON FEATURE ( \R CULTURE & PEOPLE CAN BECOME ADDICT$ TO IT4 ,IT IS A V]Y FLATT]+ EXP]I5CE TO HAVE HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S ( PEOPLE SEE+ Y\R PICTURE OR READ+ Y\R OP9IONS 9 ! M$IA4 ,! LURE ( ! M$IA SPECTACLE IS DANG]\S = GR\PS AS WELL AS = 9DIVIDUALS4 ,A KEY AIM ( AN>*I/ ACTIVITY IS TO BREAK D[N ! DIVISION BETWE5 ! ACTORS & ! SPECTATORS 9 SOCIETY4 ,GETT+ A FEW POSITIVE /ORIES AB\T AN>*ISM AMONG ! CELEBRITY FEATURES1 :ILE USEFUL1 IS F> LESS IMPORTANT ?AN ! TASK ( BUILD+ ALT]NATIVES4 

,WE NE$ TO DEVELOP /RUCTURES ?AT ALL[ US TO 5GAGE ) ! MA9/REAM M$IA ON \R [N T]MS4 ,! QUE/ION ( H[ WE CAN DO ?IS WAS ONE ?AT WAS EXPLOR$ 9 DEP? BY ACTIVI/S 9 ,D,G,N1 DUR+ ! RUN-UP TO ! ,MAYDAY #bd PROTE/S 9 ,DUBL94 ,DESPITE ! FACT ?AT WE W]E CAU<T UNPREP>$ BY ! BIGGE/ M$IA SME> CAMPAIGN ?AT WE HAVE EV] EXP]I5C$1 WE MANAG$ TO DEVELOP A MODEL = DEAL+ ) IT :I* EV5TUALLY PROV$ CRUCIAL TO ! PROTE/'S SUCCESS4 ,SEE ! BOX BESIDE = AN \TL9E1 OR ! ONL9E V]SION ( ?IS >TICLE = FULL DETAILS4 

,NON ,5GAGEM5T 

  

,SEV]AL GR\PS )9 ! AN>*I/ & BROAD] ANTI-CAPITALI/ MOVEM5T HAVE ADOPT$ A POSITION ( ES*EW+ ALL CONTACT ) ! MA9/REAM M$IA1 REFUS+ 9T]VIEWS1 AVOID+ PHOTOGRAPH]S & EV5 ON OCCASION PHYSICALLY REPELL+ OV]-9QUISITIVE REPORT]S4 ,9 ! ,U,K ! ,WOMBLES & O!R AN>*I/S HAVE ADOPT$ ?IS POLICY1 AFT] A LONG HI/ORY ( ! M$IA 9V5T+ PLOTS AS EVID5CE ( !IR UTT]LY EVIL & S9I/] NATURE & M\NT+ WIT*-HUNTS AGA9/ 9DIVIDUALS4 ,A BROAD CONS5SUS EM]G$ 9 MU* ( ! DIRECT ACTION MOVEM5T 9 ,LONDON ?AT !RE WAS LITTLE PO9T 9 TALK+ TO ! M$IA AS IT MADE LITTLE DIFF]5CE TO !IR COV]AGE -- !Y W\LD /IT* Y\ UP REG>DLESS4 

,H[EV]1 !RE IS A S]I\S PROBLEM TO ?IS APPROA*4 ,9 G5]AL1 J\RNALI/S >E ONLY 9T]E/$ 9 TALK+ TO AN>*I/S :5 AN>*I/S >E DO+ SOME?+ ?AT IS DE/9$ TO ATTRACT M$IA COV]AGE4 ,?IS MEANS ?AT !Y >E GO+ TO WRITE AB\T Y\ :E!R Y\ TALK TO !M OR NOT4 ,REFUS+ TO TALK TO !M :ATSOEV] MEANS ?AT !Y PRETTY MU* HAVE C>TE BLAN*E TO MAKE UP :ATEV] !Y LIKE4 ,!Y DON'T EV5 HAVE TO TAKE ! TR\BLE ( PICK+ A TWO-WORD QUOTE \T ( Y\R HALF-H\R 9T]VIEW TO FIT 9 ) :ATEV] FANTASY !Y HAVE CON/RUCT$ TO SELL PAP]S4 ,9 G5]AL1 IT IS PROBABLY TRUE ?AT 9CLUD+ COMM5TS FROM REAL & NAM$ PEOPLE R>ELY MAKES AN >TICLE WORSE FROM \R PO9T ( VIEW & IT (T5 MAKES IT BETT]4 ,= ONE ?+1 AS SOON AS !Y 9CLUDE QUOTES FROM A REAL P]SON !Y HAVE TO />T WORRY+ AB\T LIBEL LAWS4 ,IF !Y >E JU/ WRIT+ AB\T AN>*I/S 9 G5]AL1 !Y HAVE NO SU* WORRIES4 ,DESPITE !IR POLICY ( NON-5GAGEM5T1 ! FACT ?AT !Y >E NAM$ AFT] A FLUFFY TOY & ! FACT ?AT !IR WOR/ ATROCITY HAS BE5 PU%+ A POLICEMAN1 ! M$IA HAS /ILL MADE ! ,WOMBLES S\ND LIKE A GANG ( CRAZ$ T]RORI/S4 

,ANO!R FACTOR IS ?AT ! ACT ( REFUS+ TO TALK TO J\RNALI/S IS V]Y COMMONLY US$ AS CORROBORAT+ EVID5CE ( ! EVIL & S9I/] NATURE ( AN>*I/S 7'%AD[Y' IS A FAVORITE ADJECTIVE74 ,FUR!RMORE1 GIV5 ! OP5 & PUBLIC NATURE ( MANY AN>*I/ ORGANIZATIONS & EV5TS1 IT IS 9 PRACTICE IMPOSSIBLE TO 5SURE ?AT !RE >E NO J\RNALI/S PRES5T4 ,?IS ESPECIALLY HOLDS TRUE = PUBLIC PROTE/S & DEMON/RATIONS BUT ALSO EXT5DS TO PUBLIC MEET+S4 ,9 ?IS CONTEXT1 ATTEMPTS TO FILT] \T J\RNALI/S WILL ONLY SUCCE$ 9 ROOT+ \T ! MORE HONE/ ONES :O >E WILL+ TO ADMIT !IR OCCUPATION & >E MU* MORE LIKELY TO WRITE LESS (F5SIVE /UFF1 :ILE ! TABLOID J\RNALI/S :O >E '9FILTRAT+' ! PUBLIC MEET+ WILL SIMPLY ADOPT SOME GUISE & REMA94 

,I %\LD ALSO ADD ?AT ATTEMPT+ TO PHYSICALLY ATTACK OR 9TIMIDATE J\RNALI/S IS C\NT]-PRODUCTIVE & SELF-9DULG5T4 ,IT OBVI\SLY 5SURES ?AT !Y HAVE GOOD MAT]IAL ) :I* TO ATTACK Y\ & ! RE/ ( ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 ,IT HAS EXACTLY Z]O EFFECT ON ! DOM9ANCE ( ! MA9/REAM M$IA1 :I* ! ATTACKS >E PRESUMABLY AIM$ AGA9/4 ,J\RNALI/S1 P>TICUL>LY PHOTOGRAPH]S1 DO (T5 ACT 9 AN EXTREMELY PROVOCATIVE WAY1 PU%+ CAM]AS 9 PROTE/]S' FACES & SO ON4 ,9 ?IS CASE IT IS QUITE LIKELY ?AT !Y >E ATTEMPT+ TO PROVOKE A RESPONSE4 ,AS AN AN>*I/ Y\ >E P>T ( A COLLECTIVE MOVEM5T & Y\ HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO Y\R COMRADES TO LE>N 5\< SELF-DISCIPL9E NOT TO FALL HEADFIR/ 9TO ?IS SIMPLE TRAP LIKE AN IDIOT4 

,ANO!R IMPORTANT DISADVANTAGE ( ! /RATEGY ( NOT 5GAG+ ) ! M$IA IS ?AT !RE IS ALWAYS SOMEBODY !RE :O WILL HAPPILY TALK ON Y\R BEHALF OR AB\T Y\ & NORMALLY MISREPRES5T Y\R IDEAS TO SUIT !IR [N AG5DA4 ,?IS CAN BE A LIB]AL PROTE/ GR\P :O WILL HAPPILY WEI< 9 TO ! SC>E CAMPAIGN 9 ORD] TO GA9 A BIT ( PUBLICITY = !MSELVES1 OR MORE COMMONLY ONE ( ! POISON\S V>IETIES ( ,L59I/S :O WILL USE ! OPPORTUNITY TO PROMOTE ONE ( !IR [N CULT-RECRUITM5T SESSIONS1 ADV]TIS$ AS A RIVAL PROTE/4 

,WE %\LD REMEMB] ?AT ! REASON ?AT !Y WANT TO TALK TO US 7& SL&] US7 IS BECAUSE WE >E NEWS4 ,!RE IS A GR[+ IDEOLOGICAL VACUUM AT ! HE>T ( CAPITALISM4 ,9 ITS >ROGANCE1 ,WE/]N CAPITALISM HAS DISP5S$ ) ! TR\BLE ( CONV9C+ ITS SUBJECTS TO 9T]NALIZE ! IDEOLOGIES ( ! RUL+ CLASSES4 ,AB/5TIONISM 9 ELECTIONS IS RIFE & P]VASIVE4 ,TRU/ 9 \R LEAD]S & PUBLIC FIGURES IS PRACTICALLY NON-EXI/5T4 ,AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIALISM HAS COLLAPS$ 9TO A T9Y %AD[ ( ITS =M] SELF & EI!R REMA9S RIGIDLY FIX$ 9TO AN ANTIQUAT$ !ORETICAL FRAMEWORK1 FRANTICALLY SP9N+ 9 EV] DECREAS+ CIRCLES1 OR HAS COMPLETELY CAPITULAT$ & SIGN$ UP TO ! DOCTR9ES ( ! GLOBAL ELITE4 ,IT IS = ?IS REASON ?AT WE 9CREAS+LY F9D \RSELVES1 (T5 UNWILL+LY1 CA/ UND] ! M$IA SPOTLI<T4 ,DESPITE ITS M9USCULE SIZE & NEGLIGIBLE 9FLU5CE1 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T IS 9CREAS+LY ! ONLY S\RCE ( REAL IDEOLOGICAL OPPOSITION TO ! SEEM+LY 9EXORABLE M>* ( ?IS CORPORATE WORLD ORD]4 ,\RS IS AN OPPOSITION ?AT GOES TO ! HE>T ( ! PROBLEM & REJECTS ! SY/EM 9 ITS 5TIRETY4 ,MO/ IMPORTANTLY1 \R OPPOSITION HAS /EEL4 ,WE DO NOT %Y AWAY FROM CONFRONTATION ) ! /ATE OR ) CORPORATE P[]4 ,WE DO NOT RESPECT !IR /9K+ LAWS4 ,WE >E A FLAG ( PR9CIPL$ RESI/ANCE TO !IR 5TIRE WORLD-ORD] & ?IS IS :Y !Y COME LOOK+ = US 9 ORD] TO VILIFY US4 ,& IT IS BECAUSE ( ! DEP? ( \R OPPOSITION ?AT WE %\LD ALWAYS SEEK TO PREV5T ! V>I\S FOOLS LOOK+ = A JOB 9 A CITY-C\NCIL OR P>LIAM5T *AMB] FROM SPEAK+ ON \R BEHALF4 ,WE %\LD ALWAYS SEEK TO SPEAK = \RSELVES & LET \R DIFF]5CE & RESI/ANCE BE KN[N4 

,CONCLUSION 

  

,! V>I\S FILT]S ( ! PROPAG&A MODEL ( MA9/REAM M$IA DO EFFECTIVELY 5SURE ?AT ! M$IA WILL BE OV]TLY HO/ILE TO AN>*I/S & WILL PUBLI% MAT]IAL ?AT IS AS DAMAG+ AS POSSIBLE TO US4 ,H[EV]1 !RE IS AN IMPORTANT LIMIT ON H[ F> !Y CAN GO 9 !IR LIES & DI/ORTIONS4 ,BASICALLY1 !Y DEP5D ON ! FACT ?AT MO/ PEOPLE BELIEVE MO/ ( ! ?+S ?AT !Y WRITE4 ,AL?\< !RE IS A WIDESPREAD UND]/&+ ?AT MU* NEWS IS S5SATIONALIZ$ & CLOS] TO 5T]TA9M5T ?AN 9=MATION1 ESPECIALLY 9 ! TABLOIDS1 V]Y FEW PEOPLE HAVE ANY IDEA ( ! PROCESS BY :I* NEWS IS CREAT$ & >E IGNORANT ( ! P[]FUL =CES ?AT CONSCI\SLY DI/ORT 9=MATION 9 PURSUIT ( !IR [N AG5DAS & WILL T5D TO G5]ALLY BELIEVE NEWS REPORTS UNLESS !Y HAVE A GOOD REASON NOT TO4 ,ONCE ! ILLUSION ( ! CR$IBILITY ( ! MA9/REAM M$IA IS %ATT]$1 IT IS DIFFICULT TO RE=GE4 ,PEOPLE :O BECOME AW>E ( ! DEP? ( ! MANIPULATIONS & DI/ORTIONS CAN BE DIFFICULT TO W9 BACK1 SO ! M$IA1 P>TICUL>LY ?OSE SECTIONS ?AT HAVE GREAT] PRET5SIONS AB\T !IR [N WOR?1 >E CAUTI\S AB\T PUBLI%+ 9=MATION ?AT IS SE5 AS CLE>LY FALSE BY A L>GE NUMB] ( PEOPLE4 

,! MO/ EFFECTIVE ?+ ?AT WE CAN DO 9 ! LONG T]M TO LIMIT ! LIES ?AT ! MA9/REAM M$IA TELLS AB\T US IS TO CREATE \R [N ALT]NATIVES & GIVE PEOPLE ACCESS TO 9=MATION ?AT WE PRODUCE4 ,9 ADDITION TO CREAT+ \R [N M$IA1 BY BE+ ACTIVE AS AN>*I/S 9 \R COMMUNITIES1 WORKPLACES & CAMPAIGNS1 BLATANT M$IA LIES AB\T \R MOVEM5T WILL PROVE MORE CO/LY TO ! CORPORATE M$IA & WILL T5D TO PU% PEOPLE T[>DS US4 ,H[EV]1 9 ! CURR5T SITUATION1 ) \R SMALL SIZE & T9Y CIRCULATION ( \R PUBLICATIONS1 !SE FACTORS >E ONLY REALLY SIGNIFICANT 9 V]Y LOCALIZ$ CAMPAIGNS OR /RUGGLES ON RELATIVELY M>G9AL ISSUES4 ,:5 ! MI<T ( ! /ATE & CORPORATE SECTOR DECIDE TO ATTACK US -- AS IS BECOM+ P> = ! C\RSE 9 ! RUN UP TO L>GE PROTE/S ?AT *ALL5GE ! FUNDAM5TAL CONCEPTS ( \R CAPITALI/ WORLD ORD] -- \R [N M$IA & LOCAL CONNECTIONS ONLY REA* A NEGLIGIBLE PROPORTION ( ! AUDI5CE4 ,9 !SE CASES1 IF WE REFUSE TO *ALL5GE ! SL&]S 9 ! MA9/REAM M$IA1 ! VA/ MAJORITY ( PEOPLE WILL HAVE ABSOLUTELY NO REASON NOT TO BELIEVE ! RUBBI% ?AT !Y >E BE+ F$4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 EV5 BY %[+ A WILL+NESS TO >GUE \R CASE 9 ! MA9/REAM1 WE PLACE LIMITS ON !IR LIES4 ,IF ! M$IA IS FULL ( REPORTS AB\T VIOL5T HOOLIGAN T]RORI/ AN>*I/S1 BUT ! AN>*I/S :O APPE> 9 ! M$IA SEEM TO BE SANE1 RATIONAL1 WELL-9=M$ & >TICULATE1 ! *ANCES ( ! PUBLIC SMELL+ SOME?+ FI%Y >E 9CREAS$ MANY TIMES4 

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #i? ,AUGU/ #bba FROM /RUGGLE4WS47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#g1 #bbb 3 ,M$IA ,MAYHEM -- ,ADD$4 

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