,P>T #f3 ,WE/]N ,EUROPE1 ,SECTION #c 

#ahiiahii 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,M>K @& ,&REA ,BUSSE1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C-,N,D ,LIC5SE ,QUITE A NUMB] ( REM>KABLE M51 ( DIFF]5T NATIONALITIES1 NE>LY ALL ( :OM BAD BE5 P]SONAL FRI5DS ( ,BAKUN91 BELONG$ AT ?AT TIME TO ! ,JURA ,F$]ATION4 ,! $ITOR ( \R *IEF PAP]1 ! ,BULLET9 ( ! F$]ATION1 WAS ,JAMES ,GUILLAUME1 A TEA*] BY PR(ESSION1 :O BELONG$ TO ONE ( ! >I/OCRATIC FAMILIES ( ,NEU*ATEL4 ,SMALL1 ?91 ) ! /IFF APPE>ANCE & RESOLUT5ESS ( ,ROBESPI]RE1 & ) A TRULY GOLD5 HE>T :I* OP5$ ONLY 9 ! 9TIMACY ( FRI5D%IP1 HE WAS A BORN LEAD] BY HIS PH5OM5AL P[]S ( WORK & HIS /]N ACTIVITY4 ,= EI<T YE>S HE F\<T AGA9/ ALL SORTS ( OB/ACLES TO MA9TA9 ! PAP] 9 EXI/5CE1 TAK+ ! MO/ ACTIVE P>T 9 EV]Y DETAIL ( ! F$]ATION1 TILL HE HAD TO LEAVE ,SWITZ]L&1 :]E HE C\LD F9D NO WORK :ATEV]1 & SETTL$ 9 ,FRANCE1 :]E HIS NAME WILL BE QUOT$ SOME DAY ) ! UTMO/ RESPECT 9 ! HI/ORY ( $UCATION4 

,ADHEM> ,S*WITZGUEBEL1 ALSO A ,SWISS1 WAS ! TYPE ( ! JOVIAL1 LIVELY1 CLE>-SI<T$ ,FR5*-SPEAK+ WAT*MAK]S ( ! ,B]NESE ,JURA HILLS4 ,A WAT* 5GRAV] BY TRADE1 HE NEV] ATTEMPT$ TO AB&ON HIS POSITION ( MANUAL WORK]1 &1 ALWAYS M]RY & ACTIVE1 HE SUPPORT$ HIS L>GE FAMILY ?R\< ! SEV]E/ P]IODS ( SLACK TRADE & CURTAIL$ E>N+S4 ,HIS GIFT ( TAK+ A DIFFICULT ECONOMIC OR POLITICAL QUE/ION1 &1 AFT] MU* ?\<T AB\T IT1 CONSID]+ IT FROM ! WORK+MAN'S PO9T ( VIEW1 )\T DIVE/+ IT ( ITS DEEPE/ MEAN+1 WAS WOND]FUL4 ,HE WAS KN[N F> & WIDE 9 ! 0M\NTA9S10 & ) ! WORK]S ( ALL C\NTRIES HE WAS A G5]AL FAVORITE4 

,HIS DIRECT C\NT]P>T WAS ANO!R ,SWISS1 ALSO A WAT*MAK]1 ,SPI*IG]4 ,HE WAS A PHILOSOPH]1 SL[ 9 BO? MOVEM5T & ?\<T1 ,5GLI% 9 HIS PHYSICAL ASPECT2 ALWAYS TRY+ TO GET AT ! FULL MEAN+ ( EV]Y FACT1 & IMPRESS+ ALL ( US BY ! JU/NESS ( ! CONCLUSIONS HE REA*$ :ILE HE WAS POND]+ OV] ALL SORTS ( SUBJECTS DUR+ HIS WORK ( SCOOP+ \T WAT* LIDS4 

,R\ND !SE ?REE GA!R$ A NUMB] ( SOLID1 /AN*1 MIDDLE-AG$ OR ELD]LY WORKM51 PASSIONATE LOV]S ( LIB]TY1 HAPPY TO TAKE P>T 9 SU* A PROMIS+ MOVEM5T1 & A HUNDR$ OR SO BRI<T Y\NG M51 ALSO MO/LY WAT*MAK]S1 --ALL V]Y 9DEP5D5T & AFFECTIONATE1 V]Y LIVELY1 & READY TO GO TO ANY L5G? 9 SELF-SACRIFICE4 

,SEV]AL REFUGEES ( ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE HAD JO9$ ! F$]ATION4 ,ELISEE ,RECLUS1 ! GREAT GEOGRAPH]1 WAS ( !IR NUMB]1--A TYPE ( ! TRUE ,PURITAN 9 HIS MANN] ( LIFE1 & ( ! ,FR5* 5CYCLOPA$I/ PHILOSOPH] ( ! LA/ C5TURY 9 HIS M9D2 ! MAN :O 9SPIRES O!RS1 BUT NEV] HAS GOV]N$ ANY ONE1 & NEV] WILL DO SO2 ! AN>*I/ :OSE AN>*ISM IS ! EPITOME ( HIS BROAD1 9TIMATE KN[L$GE ( ! =MS ( LIFE ( MANK9D UND] ALL CLIMATES & 9 ALL /AGES ( CIVILIZATION2 :OSE BOOKS RANK AMONG ! V]Y BE/ ( ! C5TURY2 :OSE /YLE1 ( A /RIK+ BEAUTY1 MOVES ! M9D & ! CONSCI5CE2 & :O1 AS HE 5T]S ! (FICE ( AN AN>*I/ PAP]1 SAYS TO ! $ITOR1--MAYBE A BOY 9 COMP>ISON TO HIMSELF1 -- 0,TELL ME :AT ,I HAVE TO DO10 & WILL SIT D[N1 LIKE A NEWSPAP] SUBORD9ATE1 TO FILL UP A GAP ( SO MANY L9ES 9 ! CURR5T NUMB] ( ! PAP]4 ,9 ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE HE SIMPLY TOOK A RIFLE & /OOD 9 ! RANKS2 & IF HE 9VITES A CONTRIBUTOR TO WORK ) HIM UPON A VOLUME ( HIS WORLD-FAM$ ,GEOGRAPHY1 & ! CONTRIBUTOR TIMIDLY ASKS1 0,:AT HAVE ,I TO DO80 HE REPLIES3 0,H]E >E ! BOOKS1 H]E IS A TABLE4 ,DO AS Y\ LIKE40 

,BY HIS SIDE WAS ,LEFRANCAIS1 AN ELD]LY MAN1 =M]LY A TEA*]1 :O HAD BE5 ?RICE 9 HIS LIFE AN EXILE3 AFT] ,JUNE1 #a#h#d#h1 AFT] ,NAPOLEON'S C\P D'ETAT1 & AFT] #a#h#g4 ,AN EX-MEMB] ( ! ,COMMUNE1 & CONSEQU5TLY ONE ( ?OSE :O W]E SAID TO HAVE LEFT ,P>IS C>RY+ AWAY MILLIONS 9 !IR POCKETS1 HE WORK$ AS A FREI<T H&L] AT ! RAILWAY AT ,LAUSANNE1 & WAS NE>LY KILL$ 9 ?AT WORK1 :I* REQUIR$ Y\NG] %\LD]S ?AN HIS4 ,HIS BOOK ON ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE IS ! ONE 9 :I* ! REAL HI/ORICAL MEAN+ ( ?AT MOVEM5T WAS PUT 9 ITS PROP] LI<T4 0,A COMMUNALI/1 NOT AN AN>*I/1 PLEASE10 HE W\LD SAY4 0,I CANNOT WORK ) SU* FOOLS AS Y\ >E20 & HE WORK$ ) NONE BUT US1 0BECAUSE Y\ FOOLS10 AS HE SAID1 0>E /ILL ! M5 :OM ,I LOVE BE/4 ,) Y\ ONE CAN WORK & REMA9 ONE'S SELF40 

,ANO!R EX-MEMB] ( ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE :O WAS ) US WAS ,P9DY1 A C>P5T] FROM ! NOR? ( ,FRANCE1 AN ADOPT$ *ILD ( ,P>IS4 ,HE BECAME WIDELY KN[N AT ,P>IS1 DUR+ A /RIKE SUPPORT$ BY ! ,9T]NATIONAL1 = HIS VIGOR & BRI<T 9TELLIG5CE1 & WAS ELECT$ A MEMB] ( ! ,COMMUNE1 :I* NOM9AT$ HIM COMM&] ( ! ,TUIL]IES PALACE4 ,:5 ! ,V]SAILLES TROOPS 5T]$ ,P>IS1 %OOT+ !IR PRISON]S BY ! HUNDR$1 ?REE M51 AT LEA/1 W]E %OT 9 DIFF]5T P>TS ( ! T[N1 HAV+ BE5 MI/AK5 = ,P9DY4 ,AFT] ! FI<T1 H[EV]1 HE WAS CONCEAL$ BY A BRAVE GIRL1 A SEAM/RESS1 :O SAV$ HIM BY H] CALMNESS :5 ! H\SE WAS SE>*$ BY ! TROOPS1 & :O AFT]W>DS BECAME HIS WIFE4 ,ONLY TWELVE MON?S LAT] !Y SUCCE$$ 9 LEAV+ ,P>IS UNNOTIC$1 & CAME TO ,SWITZ]L&4 ,H]E ,P9DY LE>N$ ASSAY+1 AT :I* HE BECAME SKILLFUL2 SP5D+ HIS DAYS BY ! SIDE ( HIS R$-HOT /OVE1 & AT NI<T DEVOT+ HIMSELF PASSIONATELY TO PROPAG&A WORK1 9 :I* HE ADMIRABLY COMB9$ ! PASSION ( A REVOLUTIONI/ ) ! GOOD S5SE & ORGANIZ+ P[]S *>ACT]I/IC ( ! ,P>ISIAN WORK]4 

,PAUL ,BR\SSE WAS !N A Y\NG DOCTOR1 FULL ( M5TAL ACTIVITY1 UPRO>I\S1 %>P1 LIVELY1 READY TO DEVELOP ANY IDEA ) A GEOMETRICAL LOGIC TO ITS UTMO/ CONSEQU5CES2 P[]FUL 9 HIS CRITICISMS ( ! /ATE & /ATE ORGANIZATION2 F9D+ 5\< TIME TO $IT TWO PAP]S1 9 ,FR5* & 9 ,G]MAN1 TO WRITE SCORES ( VOLUM9\S LETT]S1 TO BE ! S\L ( A WORKM5'S EV5+ P>TY2 CON/ANTLY ACTIVE 9 ORGANIZ+ M51 ) ! SUBTLE M9D ( A TRUE 0S\!RN]40 

,AMONG ! ,ITALIANS :O COLLABORAT$ ) US 9 ,SWITZ]L&1 TWO M5 :OSE NAMES /OOD ALWAYS ASSOCIAT$1 & WILL BE REMEMB]$ 9 ,ITALY BY MORE ?AN ONE G5]ATION1 TWO CLOSE P]SONAL FRI5DS ( ,BAKUN91 W]E ,CAFI]O & ,MALATE/A4 ,CAFI]O WAS AN IDEALI/ ( ! HI<E/ & ! PURE/ TYPE1 :O GAVE HIS CONSID]ABLE =TUNE TO ! CAUSE1 & :O NEV] AFT] ASK$ HIMSELF :AT HE %\LD LIVE UPON 9 ! FUTURE2 A ?9K] PLUNG$ 9 PHILOSOPHICAL SPECULATION2 A MAN :O NEV] W\LD H>M ANY ONE1 & YET TOOK ! RIFLE & M>*$ 9 ! M\NTA9S ( ,B5EV5TO1 :5 HE & HIS FRI5DS ?\<T ?AT AN UPRIS+ ( A SOCIALI/ *>ACT] MI<T BE ATTEMPT$1 W]E IT ONLY TO %[ ! PEOPLE ?AT !IR UPRIS+S \<T TO HAVE A DEEP] MEAN+ ?AN ?AT ( A M]E REVOLT AGA9/ TAX COLLECTORS4 ,MALATE/A WAS A /UD5T ( M$IC9E1 :O HAD LEFT ! M$ICAL PR(ESSION & ALSO HIS =TUNE = ! SAKE ( ! REVOLUTION2 FULL ( FIRE & 9TELLIG5CE1 A PURE IDEALI/1 :O ALL HIS LIFE--& HE IS N[ APPROA*+ ! AGE ( FIFTY--HAS NEV] ?\<T :E!R HE W\LD HAVE A PIECE ( BREAD = HIS SUPP] & A B$ = ! NI<T4 ,)\T EV5 SO MU* AS A ROOM ?AT HE C\LD CALL HIS [N1 HE W\LD SELL %]BET 9 ! /REETS ( ,LONDON TO GET HIS LIV+1 & 9 ! EV5+ WRITE BRILLIANT >TICLES = ! ,ITALIAN PAP]S4 ,IMPRISON$ 9 ,FRANCE1 RELEAS$1 EXPELL$1 RE-CONDEMN$ 9 ,ITALY1 CONF9$ 9 AN ISL&1 ESCAP$1 & AGA9 9 ,ITALY 9 DISGUISE2 ALWAYS 9 ! HOTTE/ ( ! /RUGGLE1 :E!R IT BE 9 ,ITALY OR ELSE:]E1--HE HAS P]SEV]$ 9 ?IS LIFE = ?IRTY YE>S 9 SUCCESSION4 ,& :5 WE MEET HIM AGA91 RELEAS$ FROM A PRISON OR ESCAP$ FROM AN ISL&1 WE F9D HIM JU/ AS WE SAW HIM LA/2 ALWAYS R5EW+ ! /RUGGLE1 ) ! SAME LOVE ( M51 ! SAME ABS5CE ( HATR$ T[>D HIS ADV]S>IES & JAIL]S1 ! SAME HE>TY SMILE = A FRI5D1 ! SAME C>ESS = A *ILD4 

,! ,RUSSIANS W]E FEW AMONG US1 MO/ ( !M FOLL[+ ! ,G]MAN SOCIAL DEMOCRATS4 ,WE HAD1 H[EV]1 ,J\KOVSKY1 A FRI5D ( ,H]Z51 :O HAD LEFT ,RUSSIA 9 #a#h#f#c1-- A BRILLIANT1 ELEGANT1 HI<LY 9TELLIG5T NOBLEMAN1 A FAVORITE ) ! WORK]S1--:O BETT] ?AN ANY ( ! RE/ ( US HAD :AT ! ,FR5* CALL L'OREILLE DU PEUPLE 7! E> ( ! WORK]S71 BECAUSE HE KNEW H[ TO FIRE !M UP BY %[+ !M ! GREAT P>T !Y HAD TO PLAY 9 REBUILD+ SOCIETY1 TO LIFT !M BY HOLD+ BE=E !M HI< HI/ORICAL VIEWS1 TO ?R[ A FLA% ( LI<T ON ! MO/ 9TRICATE ECONOMIC PROBLEM1 & TO ELECTRIFY !M ) HIS E>NE/NESS & S9C]ITY4 ,SOKOL(F1 =M]LY AN (FIC] ( ! ,RUSSIAN G5]AL /AFF1 AN ADMIR] ( ,PAUL ,L\IS ,C\RI] = HIS BOLDNESS & ( ,PR\DHON = HIS PHILOSOPHICAL IDEAS1 :O HAD MADE MANY A SOCIALI/ 9 ,RUSSIA BY HIS REVIEW >TICLES1 WAS ALSO ) US TEMPOR>ILY4 

,I M5TION ONLY ?OSE :O BECAME WIDELY KN[N AS WRIT]S1 OR AS DELEGATES TO CONGRESSES1 OR 9 SOME O!R WAY4 ,& YET1 ,I ASK MYSELF IF ,I \<T NOT RA!R TO SPEAK ( ?OSE :O NEV] COMMITT$ !IR NAMES TO PR9T1 BUT W]E AS IMPORTANT 9 ! LIFE ( ! F$]ATION AS ANY ONE ( ! WRIT]S2 :O F\<T 9 ! RANKS1 & W]E ALWAYS READY TO JO9 9 ANY 5T]PRISE1 NEV] ASK+ :E!R ! WORK W\LD BE GR& OR SMALL1 DI/+UI%$ OR MODE/1-- :E!R IT W\LD HAVE GREAT CONSEQU5CES1 OR SIMPLY RESULT 9 9F9ITE WORRY TO !MSELVES & !IR FAMILIES4 

,I \<T ALSO TO M5TION ! ,G]MANS ,W]N] & ,R9KE1 ! ,SPANI>D ,ALB>RAC91 & MANY O!RS2 BUT ,I AM AFRAID ?AT !SE FA9T SKET*ES ( M9E MAY NOT CONVEY TO ! READ] ! SAME FEEL+S ( RESPECT & LOVE ) :I* EV]Y ONE ( ?IS LITTLE FAMILY 9SPIR$ ?OSE :O KNEW HIM OR H] P]SONALLY4 

7,S\RCE3 ,MEMOIRS ( A ,REVOLUTIONI/1 ,FIR/ ,$ITION1 ,H\<TON ,MIFFL9 ,COMPANY1 ,BO/ON & ,NEW ,YORK1 #a#h#i#i47 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahih 3 ,P>T #f3 ,WE/]N ,EUROPE1 ,SECTION #c -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#a1 #bag 3 ,P>T #f3 ,WE/]N ,EUROPE1 ,SECTION #c -- ,ADD$4 

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