,*APT] #aa 

#baba 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,BOB ,BLACK 

,TEXT 3 

,*APT] #a#a4 ,HUMANI/S & ,SUBHUMANS 

  

,! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS ID5TIFIES HIMSELF AS A HUMANI/4 ,9DE$1 HE HAS DEVOT$ AN 5TIRE BOOK TO *A/IS+ ! 0ANTIHUMANI/S0 9 ! ECOLOGY MOVEM5T4 ,IT IS AS A HUMANI/1 = 9/ANCE1 ?AT HE IS SC&ALIZ$ BY ! 0BLATANT CALL\SNESS0 ( ,DAVID ,WATSON4.<#e#h#c.> ,HE HAS DIRTI$ ! WORD4 ,A HUMANI/ IS SUPPOS$ TO BELIEVE 9 ! DIGNITY & EQUAL WOR? ( M54 ,:AT ,BOOK*9 BELIEVES IS %OCK+LY O!RWISE4 ,NOT ONLY DOES HE D5Y ?AT ALL M5 >E CREAT$ EQUAL1 HE D5IES ?AT ALL M5 >E M54 ,NOT ONLY DOES HE CONSID] ! SOCIETIES & CULTURES ( PRIMITIVES 9F]IOR1 HE D5IES ?AT PRIMITIVES >E SOCIAL & CULTURAL BE+S4 ,!Y >E 0M]ELY NATURAL0 -- 9 O!R WORDS1 !Y >E NO?+ BUT ANIMALS 7SEE ,*APT] #a74 ,9 ,BOOK*9'S PECULI> T]M9OLOGY1 !Y 5GAGE 9 0ANIMALI/IC ADAPTATION RA!R ?AN .< .> ACTIVITY02 PUT ANO!R WAY1 0HUMAN BE+S >E CAPABLE NOT ONLY ( ADAPT+ TO ! WORLD BUT ( 9NOVAT+ 9 ! WORLD4 ,9NOVATION MEANS1 = ,BOOK*9 IF NOT = ! DICTION>Y1 TO 5GAGE 9 PRACTICES 0BEYOND EV]YDAY EAT+1 SLEEP+1 REPRODUC+1 EXCRET+1 & EV5 PLAY+40.<#e#h#d.> 0,EV5 PLAY+0 IS D5IGRAT$ AS M]E ANIMALITY 7& ANIMALS DO PLAY7 -- AS IF IT W]E NOT ! CASE ?AT 0A C]TA9 PLAY-FACTOR WAS EXTREMELY ACTIVE ALL ?R\< ! CULTURAL PROCESS & ?AT IT PRODUCES MANY ( ! FUNDAM5TAL =MS ( SOCIAL LIFE40.<#e#h#e.> 

,H]B]T ,READ PRODUC$ LANGUAGE V]Y SIMIL> TO ,BOOK*9'S -- TO *>ACT]IZE ! WORLD-VIEW ( ! DESIGN+ 0POLITICAL FANATIC03  
  

,LIV+ IS FUNDAM5TALLY AN 9/9CT -- ! ANIMALI/IC SCR\NG+ = FOOD & %ELT]1 = SEXUAL MAT+1 = MUTUAL AID AGA9/ ADV]SITIES4 ,IT IS A COMPLICAT$ BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY1 9 :I* TRADITION & CU/OM PLAY A DECISIVE P>T4 ,TO ! PURE M9D IT CAN ONLY SEEM MON/R\S & ABSURD -- ! UGLY ACTIVITIES ( EAT+1 DIGE/+1 EXCRET+1 COPULAT+4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT WE CAN IDEALIZE !SE PROCESSES1 OR SOME ( !M1 & EAT+ & LOVEMAK+ HAVE BECOME REF9$ >TS1 ELABORATE 0GAMES40 ,BUT ONLY ON ! BASIS ( LONG TRADITIONS1 ( SOCIAL CU/OMS ?AT >E NEI!R RATIONAL NOR CONSI/5T -- :AT C\LD BE MORE 0ABSURD0 ?AN A COCKTAIL-P>TY OR ! LOVE-MAK+ 9 A ,HOLLYWOOD FILM8 ,! POLITICAL FANATIC WILL D5\NCE SU* CU/OMS AS ASPECTS ( A DEG5]ATE SOCIAL ORD]1 BUT HIS NEW SOCIAL ORD]1 IF HE SUCCE$S 9 E/ABLI%+ IT1 WILL SOON EVOLVE CU/OMS JU/ AS ABSURD1 & EV5 LESS ELEGANT4.<#e#h#f.>  
  

,PURPOSELESS PLAY IS AN 0AFFIRMATION ( LIFE0 7,JOHN ,CAGE74.<#e#h#g.> ,H5CE ,BOOK*9 IS AGA9/ IT4 

,IT WAS ! RISE ( ! CITY :I* UPLIFT$ \R SPECIES -- MO/ ( IT1 ANYWAY -- FROM ANIMALITY TO TRUE HUMANITY 7SEE ,*APT] #a73  
  

,HUMAN BE+S EM]G$ SOCIALLY \T ( ANIMALITY1 \T ( SOCIETIES ORGANIZ$ ACCORD+ TO BIOLOGICAL REALITIES LIKE BLOOD TIES1 G5D] DIFF]5CES1 & AGE DIFF]5CES ?AT =M$ ! REAL /RUCTURE ( ABORIG9AL SOCIETIES1 & !Y DEVELOP$ ! CONCEPT -- AS YET UNFULFILL$ 9 PRACTICE -- ?AT WE %>E A COMMON HUMANITY4 ,?IS IDEA WAS MADE POSSIBLE ) ! EM]G5CE ( ! CITY1 BECAUSE ! CITY MADE IT POSSIBLE = PEOPLE FROM DIFF]5T TRIBES ?AT W]E =M]LY HO/ILE TO EA* O!R1 TO LIVE TOGE!R )\T CONFLICT4 ,CITY CULTURE MADE IT POSSIBLE = US TO BEG9 TO COMMUNICATE ) EA* O!R AS HUMAN BE+S1 NOT AS TRIBAL MEMB]S1 & TO %AKE (F 9 V>I\S DEGREES ! SUP]/ITION1 MY/IFICATION1 ILLUSION1 & P>TICUL>LY ! AU?ORITY ( ! DREAM WORLD1 :I* HAD IDEOLOGICAL PRIORITY 9 TRIBAL SOCIETY4.<#e#h#h.>  
  

,!RE >E PREMONITIONS ( ?IS VIEWPO9T 9 E>LI] ,BOOK*9 WRIT+S 9 :I* HE REF]R$ TO 0! BIOLOGICAL REALITIES ( ! TRIBAL WORLD1 ROOT$ 9 BLOOD TIES1 G5D]1 & AGE GR\PS10.<#e#h#i.> BUT ONLY N[ >E ! IMPLICATIONS SPELL$ \T ) BRUTAL CL>ITY4 ,IT DOESN'T TR\BLE ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS AT ALL ?AT HIS 9DIVIDUAL_/SOCIAL UNBRIDGEABLE *ASM DOES NOT MAT* UP ) HIS ANIMAL_/HUMAN UNBRIDGEABLE *ASM4 ,AS ,KROPOTK91 A REAL SOCIAL ECOLOGI/1 EMPHASIZ$1 0,SOCIETY HAS NOT BE5 CREAT$ BY MAN2 IT IS ANT]IOR TO MAN40.<#e#i.> ,! UND]LY+ FLAW IS ABSOLUTIZ+ ! NATURE_/CULTURE DI*OTOMY ITSELF3 0,EV5 ! IDEA ?AT 'NATURE' & 'CULTURE' >E TWO RELATIVELY DI/9CT K9DS ( OBJECTS IS PROBABLY NOT UNIV]SAL40.<#e#i#a.> ,LIKE ! NOTION ( OBJECTIVITY1 ! NATURE_/CULTURE DI/9CTION IS ITSELF AN EXAMPLE ( P>O*IAL ,WE/]N NATIVE FOLK TAXONOMY4 ,!ORIES ( OPPOSITES >E AMONG ! BALEFUL ASPECTS ( \R ,HELL5IC H]ITAGE4 ,!Y >E NOT UNIV]SAL2 09 C]TA9 ,NE> ,EA/]N SOCIETIES10 WRITES ,G4,E4,R4 ,LLOYD1 0!RE WAS SIMPLY NO CONSCI\S DI/9CTION DRAWN BETWE5 ! REALM ( ,NATURE ON ! ONE H& & ! REALM ( ,SOCIETY ON ! O!R40.<#e#i#b.> 

,( C\RSE IT'S ALL CRAZY4 ,! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ANIMAL 0ADAPTATION0 AS OPPOS$ TO HUMAN 09NOVATION0 OR 0ACTIVITY0 IS UNDEF9$ & DOES VIOL5CE TO ! ORD9>Y UND]/&+ ( !SE WORDS4 0,ADAPTATION0 & 09NOVATION0 >E NE>-SYNONYMS1 NOT ANTONYMS4 0,9NOVATION0 & 0ACTIVITY0 >E NOT SYNONYMS AT ALL2 ! =M] IS A SUBSET ( ! LATT]4 ,IF ADAPTATION MEANS *ANG+ ! 5VIRONM5T 9/EAD ( JU/ LIV+ 9 7& (F (7 IT1 !N IT FAILS TO DI/+UI% PRIMITIVE FROM CIVILIZ$ BEHAVIOR4 ,PRIMITIVES MAY TRANS=M !IR 5VIRONM5T -- BY FIR+ ! BU%1 = 9/ANCE1 AS ! ,SAN DO -- AS ,I PO9T$ \T 9 ,AN>*Y AFT] ,LEFTISM4 ,! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS SAID SO HIMSELF 9 ,S,A,L,A4.<#e#i#c.> ,& HE HAS ALSO CONFIRM$ ! TAUTOLOGY ?AT PRIMITIVE SOCIETY IS SOCIAL3 0,A TRIBE 7TO USE ?IS T]M 9 A V]Y BROAD S5SE TO 9CLUDE B&S & CLANS7 WAS A TRULY SOCIAL 5TITY1 KNITT$ TOGE!R BY BLOOD1 M>ITAL1 & FUNCTIONAL TIES BAS$ ON AGE & WORK40.<#e#i#d.> ,F9ALLY1 JU/ :O IS 9NOVATIVE8 0,MAN08 ,:AT MAN8 ,:AT'S HIS ADDRESS8 ,H[ MANY WORLD-HI/ORICAL 9NOVATORS >E ALIVE TODAY8 ,IF 9NOVATION IS ! HALLM>K ( ! HUMAN1 & IF 9NOVATION MEANS 9V5TION1 !N !RE >E AB\T SIX BILLION ANIMALS 9 HUMAN =M WALK+ ! E>? TODAY :O HAVE NEV] 9NOVAT$ ANY?+4 

,BOOK*9'S CRITIQUE IS ( 0! COMMUNITY1 BAS$ ON K9%IP ALONE10.<#e#i#e.> BUT IT IS D\BTFUL IF MANY1 OR EV5 ANY SU* COMMUNITIES EV] EXI/$4 ,PRIMITIVE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION IS NOT BAS$ EXCLUSIVELY ON K9%IP1 G5D] & AGE4 ,! COMMUNITY1 = 9/ANCE1 0! MAXIMAL GR\P ( P]SONS :O NORMALLY RESIDE TOGE!R 9 FACE TO FACE ASSOCIATION10 IS1 BESIDES ! NUCLE> FAMILY1 ! ONLY UNIV]SAL SOCIAL GR\P4 ,PROP9QUITY IS1 AFT] ALL1 AN EV5 SIMPL] IDEA ?AN ! BLOOD-TIE4.<#e#i#f.> ,L>GELY K9-BAS$ COMMUNITIES EXI/1 BUT SO DO O!RS4 ,FUR!RMORE1 !RE IS MORE TO K9 TIES ?AN 0BLOOD TIES10 !RE >E ALSO AFF9ES 9 EV]Y TYPE ( FAMILY ORGANIZATION -- AS ,CLAUDE ,LEVI-,/RAUSS OBS]VES1 0! 9CE/ PROHIBITION EXPRESSES ! TRANSITION FROM ! NATURAL FACT ( CONSANGU9ITY TO ! CULTURAL FACT ( ALLIANCE40.<#e#i#g.> ,?US IT WAS ! PRIMITIVES1 NOT ! CIVILIZ$1 :O ACCOMPLI%$ ! TRANSITION FROM NATURE TO CULTURE4 

,! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS CANNOT CONCEIVE ( K9%IP AS ANY?+ BUT ASCRIPTIVE1 >BITR>Y & EXCLUSIVE4 ,PRESUMABLY ?AT'S :Y ! 0BLOOD OA?0 IS NE$$ TO VALIDATE K9-BAS$ SOCIETY -- AS IF )\T IT NO ONE W\LD FOLL[ ! RULES ( CONSANGU9ITY & AFF9ITY4 ,9 REALITY1 K9%IP1 ?R\< M>RIAGE1 IS ! BASIS = ALLIANCES ) \TSIDE GR\PS4.<#e#i#h.> ,K9%IP CAN BE FLEXIBLE & ADAPTIVE1 AS IT IS 9 CASES ( CLASSIFICATORY OR FICTIVE K9%IP OR ADOPTION4 ,9 ! #a#i? C5TURY ,SIR ,H5RY ,MA9E /AT$ ?AT ! FAMILY HAS BE5 0CON/ANTLY 5L>G$ BY ! ABSORPTION ( /RANG]S )9 ITS CIRCLE40 ,K9%IP CAN BE NEGOTIABLE1 EV5 VOLITIONAL4 ,9 G5]AL1 PEOPLE 5ACT MULTIPLE ROLES :I* MAY NOT CORRESPOND TO !IR MEMB]%IP 9 A DESC5T GR\P1 & ! 0USE ( K9 T]MS (T5 TURNS \T TO BE A POLITICAL /RATEGY1 NOT AN EV]YDAY SOCIAL NICETY03  
  

,K9%IP NORMS SPECIFY H[ PEOPLE %\LD OR W\LD BEHAVE T[>D ONE ANO!R 9 A WORLD :]E ONLY K9%IP MATT]$4 ,BUT ACTUAL K9SM5 >E ALSO NEI<BORS1 BUS9ESS COMPETITORS1 [N]S ( ADJAC5T G>D5S1 & SO ON2 & !IR QU>REL+ & 5MITY *>ACT]I/ICALLY D]IVE FROM !SE RELATION%IPS1 AS WELL AS COMPETITION = 9H]ITANCE1 P[] 9 ! FAMILY OR L9EAGE1 & SO ON4 ,BRO!RS %\LD SUPPORT ONE ANO!R4 ,BUT ! [N] ( A PIG :O EATS Y\R G>D5 %\LD PAY DAMAGES4 ,IF ! [N] IS Y\R BRO!R -- & 9 SMALL-SCALE TRIBAL SOCIETIES IT IS Y\R K9 :O WILL MO/ (T5 BE Y\R NEI<BORS & RIVALS -- !RE IS A 0GULF0 BETWE5 ! 5SU+ QU>REL & IDEAL BEHAVIOR BETWE5 K94.<#e#i#i.>  
  

,AMONG IMPORTANT =MS ( NON-K9 ORGANIZATION1 ,ROB]T ,H4 ,L[IE SPEAKS ( SODALITIES1 :I* 9CLUDE M5'S TRIBAL CLUBS1 SECRET SOCIETIES1 AGE-CLASS SY/EMS1 & GUILDS3 0,! CONCEPT IS ( SOME UTILITY 9 BR++ HOME ! FACT ?AT 9DIVIDUALS ASSOCIATE IRRESPECTIVE ( :E!R !Y BELONG TO ! SAME FAMILY1 CLAN1 OR T]RITORIAL GR\P2 & ?AT SU* ASSOCIATIONS PLAY A DOM9ANT P>T 9 ! SOCIAL LIVES ( MANY PEOPLES1 RIVAL+ SPORADICALLY & EV5 OV]%AD[+ O!R TIES40.<#f.> ,ANO!R NON-K9 SOCIAL =MATION IS MOIETIES -- DIVISIONS ( A COMMUNITY 9TO TWO GR\PS -- !SE >E RA!R COMMON4.<#f#a.> ,TRADE RELATIONS1 SU* AS ! FAM\S KULA R+ 9 ,MELANESIA1 CONNECT UNRELAT$ TRAD+ P>TN]S1 SOMETIMES AT DI/ANCES ( HUNDR$S ( MILES1 AS !Y DID ?R\<\T ,AU/RALIA & ,NEW ,GU9EA4 ,EV5 ! ,SAN 5GAGE 9 HXAPO 7DIRECT RECIPROCITY7 RELATIONS ) P>TN]S )9 A RADIUS ( #b KILOMET]S4.<#f#b.> ,RELIGI\S & RECREATIONAL ASSOCIATIONS >E WIDESPREAD & (T5 CUT ACROSS K9%IP L9ES4 ,! RELATION ( VILLAG]S TO !IR *IEF1 :]E !RE IS A *IEF1 IS NOT NECESS>ILY BAS$ ON FILIATION4 ,AS (T5 HAPP5S1 ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS HAS REFUT$ HIMSELF3 0,TRIBAL PEOPLES =M SOCIAL GR\PS -- FAMILIES1 CLANS1 P]SONAL & COMMUNITY ALLIANCES1 SORORAL & FRAT]NAL CLUBS1 VOCATIONAL & TOTEMIC SOCIETIES1 & ! LIKE40.<#f#c.> 

,ON ! O!R H&1 FAMILY1 G5D] & AGE >E FUNDAM5TAL PR9CIPLES ( ORGANIZATION 9 CIVILIZATION4 ,EV5 TODAY !Y >E ( ! =EMO/ IMPORTANCE1 & 9 ! PA/1 = ?\S&S ( YE>S1 !Y W]E EV5 MORE IMPORTANT4 ,BOOK*9 HAS MUTILAT$ ! MA/]-CLI*E ( MOD]N SOCIAL !ORY1 ! ,GEME9S*AFT_/,GESELLS*AFT 7COMMUNITY_/SOCIETY7 DI*OTOMY4 ,HE HAS TRAVE/I$ ! NOTION ( DEVELOPM5T FROM /ATUS TO CONTRACT1 9 ,SIR ,H5RY ,MA9E'S FAM\S PHRASE1 UNTIL IT IS EV5 CRUD] ?AN IT APPE>S 9 #a#i? C5TURY SOCIAL EVOLUTIONISM4 ,URBAN AN?ROPOLOGI/S >E NO LONG] SURE ?AT ! URBANIZATION ( ! ,?IRD ,WORLD1 = EXAMPLE1 9EVITABLY EMANCIPATES ! 9DIVIDUAL & ! FAMILY FROM ! L>G] K9%IP GR\P+S ( RURAL SOCIETY4 ,ONE ( !M WRITES3 0,REC5T /UDIES BY AN?ROPOLOGI/S ( URBAN SITUATIONS 9 ,AFRICA & ELSE:]E ATTE/ TO ! REM>KABLE VITALITY ( TRADITIONAL K9%IP CONCEPTS & PRACTICES40.<#f#d.> ,! MOD]NIZATION !SIS ITSELF1 9CLUD+ ITS DE=M$ ,BOOK*9I/ V]SION1 IS A PRODUCT ( MOD]NIZATION4 ,IT IS ,WE/]N NATIVE FOLK IDEOLOGY EXPRESS+ 0! OCCID5TAL WORLD'S OBSESSION ) ITS UNIQU5ESS & HI/ORICAL DE/9Y40 0,BUILD+ ON ! BE/ ( ! ,WE/]N H]ITAGE10 BRAYS ! EX-,DIRECTOR1 09 ! GREAT TRADITION ( ,EUROPEAN 9TELLECTUALITY10 HUMANITY WILL AT LA/ REA* ITS DE/9Y TO DOM9ATE NATURE & ATT5D MANY MEET+S4.<#f#e.> ,! ,WE/ IS ! BE/4 ,ALL HAIL ,JIM ,MORRISON & ,MURRAY ,BOOK*94 

,! E>LIE/ URBANI/S1 ! ,SUM]IANS1 KNEW ?AT BLOOD IS ?ICK] ?AN WAT]3 0,FRI5D%IP LA/S A DAY1 ,K9%IP 5DURES =EV]40 ,IT HAS 5DUR$ =EV]4 ,! ANCI5T ,GREEKS1 ! EX-,DIRECTOR'S P>AGONS1 BY NO MEANS TRANSC5D$ ! FAMILY4 ,= !M IT WAS ALWAYS ! PRIM>Y 9/ITUTION ?R\< :I* MO/ ( LIFE WAS ORGANIZ$ & CONT9UITY ASSUR$4 ,EV5 ,BOOK*9 SPEAKS ( ! P[] ( ! ,ORE/EIA ( ,AES*YLUS 0OV] AN ANCI5T ,GREEK AUDI5CE ?AT HAD YET TO EXORCIZE ! BLOOD OA? & TRIBAL CU/OM FROM !IR 5*ANT$ HOLD ON ! HUMAN PSY*E40.<#f#f.> ,IT IS ALMO/ IMPOSSIBLE TO BELIEVE ?AT ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS IS S]I\S AB\T ! BLOOD OA?1 BUT HE HAS MADE HIS MEAN+ QUITE CLE>4 ,HIS P]V]SE POSITION IS ONLY EXPLICABLE 9 T]MS ( HIS VISC]AL HATR$ ( ! FAMILY1 :I* HE W\LD REPLACE ) COMMUNES 7NOT ,COMMUNES7 -- A R>E SPASM ( LIFE/YLE AN>*ISM4.<#f#g.> 

,ONE HAS TO WOND] H[ BAD HIS *ILDHOOD & M>RIAGES W]E4 ,HE WAS AN ONLY *ILD1 & ! FA!R DES]T$ ! FAMILY :5 HE WAS FIVE4 ,?AT IS )9 ! AGE RANGE 7#b-#f7 ( ! PRELOGICAL1 PREOP]ATIONAL1 EGOTI/ICAL COGNITIVE /AGE 9 :I* ! *ILD1 CONFRONT$ ) CONTRADICTION1 CONCLUDES ?AT ! EVID5CE MU/ BE WRONG1 S9CE HE CANNOT BE WRONG3 0,! PREOP]ATIONAL *ILD'S ?9K+ WAS DOM9AT$ BY EGOC5TRISM1 AN 9ABILITY TO ASSUME ! VIEWPO9T ( O!RS1 & A LACK ( ! NE$ TO SEEK VALIDATION ( H] [N ?\<TS40 ,NORMALLY ! *ILD PROGRESSES TO CONCRETE OP]ATIONAL ?\<T AS SOCIAL 9T]ACTION ) HIS PE]S GRADUALLY DISSOLVES HIS COGNITIVE EGOC5TRISM4.<#f#h.> ,MY HYPO!SIS IS ?AT ! TOO-SUCCESSFUL RESOLUTION ( ! ,O$IPAL PROBLEM 7BY ! FA!R'S DES]TION71 ! SPOIL+ ( ! ONLY *ILD BY ! S+LE MO!R1 & PREMATURE ISOLATION FROM HIS PE]S 7BY IMM]SION 9 ! ADULT WORLD ( ,/AL9I/ POLITICS7 FIX$ ! FUTURE ,DIRECTOR 9 ! PRELOGICAL EGOC5TRISM & 9TOL]ANCE :I* HE EXHIBITS AS AN ADULT4 ,/ILL EGOTI/ICAL1.<#f#i.> /ILL CONV9C$ HE IS 9FALLIBLE1 /ILL UNABLE TO 5T] 9TO ANO!R'S PO9T ( VIEW EV5 TO ! EXT5T NECESS>Y TO REFUTE HIM1 ,MURRAY ,BOOK*9 HAS NEV] GR[N UP4 

,AS ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS DESCRIBES HIS P>5TS1 !Y W]E FANATIC LEFTI/S OBSESS$ ) POLITICS1 JU/ LIKE !IR SON4 ,?IS IS ALMO/ ! ONLY ?+ HE DEEMS IMPORTANT 5\< TO TELL US AB\T !M4 ,AS F> AS ! EX-,DIRECTOR IS CONC]N$1 HIS LIFE BEGAN :5 HE JO9$ ! ,Y\NG ,PIONE]S AT AGE N9E3 0,9 FACT1 IT WAS ! ,COMMUNI/ MOVEM5T ?AT TRULY RAIS$ ME1 & FRANKLY !Y W]E AMAZ+LY ?OR\<40 ,?IS MU* IS OBVI\S4 ,AT ! T5D] AGE ( #ac HE BECAME A SOAPBOX ,/AL9I/4.<#f#a.> ,H]E >E ! MAK+S ( A MON/]4 ,BOOK*9 REC\NTS HIS /ORY ) SU* SATISFACTION ?AT HE SEEMS TRULY UNAW>E ?AT HE WAS ROBB$ ( SOME?+ IRREPLACEABLE3 HIS *ILDHOOD4 ,HE :O WAS NEV] FULLY A *ILD WILL NEV] BE FULLY ADULT4 ,9 EFFECT1 HE WAS DEPRIV$ ( FAMILY & RAIS$ TO BE A VANGU>D ,PLATONIC ,GU>DIAN4 ,EV] S9CE1 :5 HE HE>S AB\T A VACANCY = PHILOSOPH]-K+1 HE S5DS HIS RESUME4 ,! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY SPURN$ HIM4 ,! ,TROTS SPURN$ HIM4 ,S,D,S SPURN$ HIM4 ,! ,CLAM%ELL ,ALLIANCE SPURN$ HIM4 ,! ,GRE5S SPURN$ HIM4 ,N[ ! AN>*I/S HAVE EV]Y REASON TO SPURN HIM4 

,BUT ,I DIGRESS4 

,QUITE ABSURD IS ! NONS5SE CATEGORY ( 0BIOLOGICAL0 RELATIONS CONSI/+ ( K9%IP1 G5D] & AGE4 ,MAL9[SKI PO9T$ \T #i YE>S AGO ?AT MAT]NITY & PAT]NITY >E SOCIALLY DET]M9$4 ,! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS NEV] GOT ! WORD ?AT FAMILY1 G5D] & AGE ROLES >E SOCIALLY CON/RUCT$4 ,!Y PRESUPPOSE C]TA9 0BIOLOGICAL REALITIES10 BUT :5 Y\ ?9K AB\T IT1 SO DO ALL O!R ROLES4.<#f#a#a.> ,!RE CANNOT BE A DISEMBODI$ WORK]1 SOLDI]1 PRIE/ OR PR(ESSOR4 ,K9%IP1 WROTE ,ROB]T ,H4 ,L[IE1 0IS NOT BIOLOGY1 & K9%IP IS DIFF]5TLY CONCEIV$ 9 DIFF]5T SOCIETIES4 ,?AT BIOLOGICAL RELATION%IPS M]ELY S]VE AS A />T+ PO9T = ! DEVELOPM5T ( SOCIOLOGICAL CONCEPTIONS ( K9%IP4 ,SOCIETIES MAY IGNORE OR RE/RICT ! BLOOD TIE2 IT MAY >TIFICIALLY CREATE A BOND ( K9%IP1 & AGA9 IT MAY EXT5D A NATURAL BOND TO AN 9DEF9ITE EXT5T40.<#f#a#b.> 

,SIMIL>LY1 0SEXUAL RELATIONS >E NOT A MATT] ( %E] BIOLOGY2 M>RIAGE & FAMILY >E ! CULTURAL SUP]/RUCTURE ( A BIOLOGICAL F\NDATION40.<#f#a#c.> ,:ATEV] !IR O!R %ORTCOM+S1 H]$IT>Y MON>*Y & >I/OCRACY >E NOT ANIMALI/IC2 ,M>X WAS CLO?+ CRITIQUE ) IRONY :5 HE TREAT$ ! DI/+UI%+ FEATURE ( ! MON>* AS HIS REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY4.<#f#a#d.> ,BOOK*9 IS ( C\RSE 9CAPABLE ( IRONY4 ,! G5D]-EXCLUSIVE ,MASONS & ! G5D]- & ANCE/RY-EXCLUSIVE ,DAU<T]S ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,REVOLUTION >E NOT BAS$ ON BIOLOGY4 ,! ,BOY ,SC\TS & ! ,GIRL ,SC\TS >E NOT HOM9ID PACKS4 ,A BOYS' TREE-H\SE IS NO MORE BIOLOGICALLY BAS$ ?AN ! ,9/ITUTE = ,SOCIAL ,ECOLOGY4 ,! ,CA?OLIC PRIE/HOOD IS NOT BIOLOGICAL4 ,! ,HAIR ,CLUB = ,M5 IS NOT ROOT$ 9 ANIMALITY4 ,BY ,BOOK*9'S CRIT]ION1 PRESUMABLY ! ,MILE ,HI< ,CLUB IS BIOLOGICAL4 ,?AT'S ! CLUB = PEOPLE :O HAVE HAD SEX 7"7 BIOLOGICAL7 AT AN ALTITUDE ( AT LEA/ ONE MILE4 ,MY APPLICATION IS P5D+4 

,EV5 IF ! O!R BIOLOGICAL *>ACT]IZATIONS MADE S5SE1 AGE DOES NOT4 ,NOT ONLY IS AGE ITSELF A CULTURAL CON/RUCT1 SO IS \R ,WE/]N 0FOLK CON/RUCT0 ?AT AG+ IS ONLY BIOLOGICAL4.<#f#a#e.> ,ANYONE OV] #e IS ELIGIBLE TO JO9 ! ,AM]ICAN ,ASSOCIATION ( ,RETIR$ ,P]SONS4 ,BOOK*9 & ,I >E BO? ELIGIBLE44 ,BUT IF WE JO9$ 7,I HAVE71 ?AT W\LD NOT E/ABLI% A BIOLOGICAL RELATION BETWE5 US OR BETWE5 EI!R ( US & ! ORGANIZATION OR ANY ( ITS MEMB]S4 ,! SUBJECT ( AGE IS ONE :I* ALWAYS SEEMS TO BR+ \T ! SILLIES 9 ! EX-,DIRECTOR4 ,?US HIS !ORY ( ! ORIG9 ( HI]>*Y & DOM9ATION IS ?AT ! OLD M5 SOMEH[ TAKE OV] 7G]ONTOCRACY7 TO MAKE SURE !Y WILL BE C>$ = :5 !Y BECOME 9FIRM4.<#f#a#f.> ,! IMPLICATION IS ?AT HI]>*Y & DOM9ATION >E NATURAL4 ,:Y DID ANYONE EV] ?9K ?AT ?IS GUY WAS AN AN>*I/8 

,IT IS RIDICUL\S TO SAY ?AT CIVILIZATION 5ABL$ PEOPLE 0TO COMMUNICATE ) EA* O!R AS HUMAN BE+S1 NOT AS TRIBAL MEMB]S40 ,9 CIVILIZATION WE RELATE TO ONE ANO!R AS FAMILY MEMB]S1 NEI<BORS1 EMPLOY]S OR EMPLOYES1 CORELIGIONI/S1 0CU/OM] S]VICE REPRES5TATIVES0 OR CU/OM]S1 BUREAUCRATS OR !IR SUPPLICANTS1 CLASSMATES1 ROOMMATES1 PR(ESSIONALS OR CLI5TS1 T5ANTS OR L&LORDS1 />S & FANS -- 9 FRAGM5T>Y WAYS ALMO/ ALWAYS M$IAT$ BY SPECIALIZ$ ROLES4 ,! REGIME ( ROLES IS ! SOCIAL ORGANIZATION ( ALI5ATION4 ,FROM ! 9DIVIDUAL'S P]SPECTIVE1 HE IS COMPELL$ TO PLAY 0HYBRID P>TS1 P>TS :I* APPE> TO ANSW] \R DESIRES BUT :I* >E REALLY ANTAGONI/IC TO !M0 -- CON/RICT+ YET COMP5SATORY4 ,TO PLAY A ROLE IS ALWAYS MORE OR LESS TO PLAY Y\RSELF FALSE4.<#f#a#g.> ,NO ONE'S SELF IS FULLY EXPRESS$1 MU* LESS FULFILL$1 BY ! SUM ( H] ROLES4 ,CIVILIZATION DOES NOT 5ABLE US TO COMMUNICATE AS FULLY \RSELVES 7AS HUMAN BE+S1 IF Y\ PREF] -- ,I DON'T71 RA!R1 IT IMP$ES UNM$IAT$ EXPRESSION BEYOND ! 9/RUM5TAL & CATEGORICAL1 *ANNEL+ IT ?R\< ROLES4 ,! ROLE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y1 AS ( ! PROLET>IAN1 IS TO UND]/& ! ROLE ( RULES & ABOLI% ! RULE ( ROLES 9CLUD+ HIS [N4.<#f#a#h.> ,9 B& OR TRIBAL SOCIETIES1 OR 9 TRADITIONAL VILLAGE COMMUNITIES1 PEOPLE MAY R>ELY COMMUNICATE ) \TSID]S1.<#f#a#i.> BUT ! PEOPLE !Y DO COMMUNICATE )1 !Y COMMUNICATE ) AS1 & )1 :OLE HUMAN BE+S4 

,! SYNOECISM.<#f#b.> BY :I* SEV]AL TRIBES UNIT$ 7)\T AMALGAMAT+7 TO =M ! CITY ( ,A!NS DID NOT RESULT 9 TRIBESM5 COMMUNICAT+ ) EA* O!R AS HUMAN BE+S3 IT RESULT$ 9 !M COMMUNICAT+ ) EA* O!R AS ,A!NIANS4 ,CITY *AUV9ISM SIMPLY REPLAC$ TRIBAL *AUV9ISM4 ,! *RONIC W>S ( ! ,GREEK CITY-/ATES 9DICATE ?AT !IR CITIZ5S B>ELY COMMUNICAT$ ) EA* O!R AS ,GREEKS1 MU* LESS AS AB/RACT UNIV]SAL M54 ,IF ANY ,HELL5IC ,GREEK EV5 TOOK A /EP T[>D RECOGNITION ( UNIV]SAL HUMANITY1 AS ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS /ATES1 IT WAS ,P]ICLES2 & YET BY ! LAW ( ,P]ICLES 7#d#e#a_/#d#e ,B4,C47 7SEE ,*APT] #a#d71 ,A!NIAN CITIZ5S W]E =BIDD5 TO M>RY NONCITIZ5S1 A MEASURE :I* WAS1 AS ,M4,I4 ,F9LEY SAYS1 0ACCEPT$ )\T A MURM]40.<#f#b#a.> ,GIV5 ! 9T5SE P>O*IALISM ( ! POLIS1 ! ABS5CE ( UNIV]SALI/ FEEL+ AMONG ! ,HELL5IC ,GREEKS IS TO BE EXPECT$4 

,9/EAD1 IT WAS ! SUCCE$+ ,HELL5I/IC P]IOD ( COSMOPOLITAN EMPIRES :I* BR\<T =? CORRESPOND+LY COSMOPOLITAN VIEWS ( MAN4 ,9 ! F\R? C5TURY ,B4,C41 ! MAN :O FIR/ CALL$ HIMSELF A CITIZ5 ( ! WORLD1 COSMOPOLITES1 WAS ,DIOG5ES ! ,CYNIC1 ! FIR/ ,LIFE/YLE ,AN>*I/3 0,HE CO9$ ! T]M 'COSMOPOLITAN' -- CITIZ5 ( ! WORLD -- TO UND]L9E HIS REJECTION ( CONV5TIONAL CITY /ATES & !IR 9/ITUTIONS40 ,AS ,LEWIS ,MUM=D PUT IT1 0A POLIS C\LD NOT BECOME A COSMOS40.<#f#b#b.> ,BUT A UNIV]SALI/IC RELIGION C\LD3 0FEW EPO*S HAVE HAD A /RONG] & BETT] S5SE ?AN ! ,WE/]N & ,*RI/IAN ,MIDDLE ,AGES ( ! ELEV5? TO ! FIFTE5? C5TURIES ( ! UNIV]SAL & ET]NAL EXI/5CE ( A HUMAN MODEL40.<#f#b#c.> ,ALL >E ! SAME BE=E ,GOD 7SEE ,*APT] #h74 

,BAKUN9 OBS]V$ ?AT 0! ,GREEKS & ,ROMANS DID NOT FEEL FREE AS HUMAN BE+S & 9 T]MS ( HUMAN RI<TS2 !Y ?\<T !MSELVES PRIVILEG$ AS ,GREEKS OR ,ROMANS1 9 T]MS ( !IR [N SOCIETY40.<#f#b#d.> ,! V]Y EXI/5CE ( ! ,GREEK DI/9CTION BETWE5 ,GREEKS & 0B>B>IANS10 I4E41 BETWE5 ,GREEKS & EV]YBODY ELSE1 9DICATES ?AT ,GREEK CIVILIZATION FAIL$ TO FO/] A S5SE ( COMMON HUMANITY4 ,! ANCI5T ,GREEKS1 AS ,SIMMEL OBS]VES1 D5I$ ! SPECIFICALLY & PURELY HUMAN ATTRIBUTES TO ! B>B>IANS4 ,>I/OTLE ?\<T !M 9F]IOR TO ,GREEKS4 ,POLIS ,GREEKS 9DULG$ 9 SELF-FLATT]+ NATIONAL /]EOTYPES4 ,?US ,PLATO SPOKE ( ! VIGOR & 5]GY ( ,?RACIANS & ,SCY?IANS1 ! COMM]CIAL 9/9CTS ( ,PHO5ICIANS & ,EGYPTIANS1 & 09TELLIG5CE1 :I* CAN BE SAID TO BE ! MA9 ATTRIBUTE ( \R [N P>T ( ! WORLD40 ,ONE IS REM9D$ ( ! 0MUSCUL>ITY ( ?\<T0 :I* ,BOOK*9 MODE/LY ATTRIBUTES TO HIMSELF4 ,! ,A!NIANS CONSID]$ EV5 O!R ,GREEKS 9F]IOR BECAUSE ONLY ! ,A!NIANS W]E AUTO*?ON\S1 BORN FROM ! V]Y SOIL ( ,ATTICA4.<#f#b#e.> 

,>I/OTLE ?\<T ?AT B>B>IANS W]E SLAVES BY NATURE & ?AT SLAV]Y WAS A NATURAL RELATION%IP4 ,& = HIM1 SLAVES W]E MU* LIKE DOME/IC ANIMALS3 0,MOREOV]1 ! NE$ = !M DIFF]S ONLY SLI<TLY3 BODILY ASSI/ANCE 9 ! NECESS>Y ?+S IS =?COM+ FROM BO?1 FROM SLAVES & FROM TAME ANIMALS ALIKE40.<#f#b#f.> ,A!NIAN 9T]E/ 9 COMMUNICAT+ ) B>B>IANS MAY BE GAUG$ BY ! FACT ?AT =EIGN LANGUAGES W]E NOT TAU<T 9 ,A!NIAN S*OOLS4.<#f#b#g.> ,S9CE NE>LY ALL ,A!NIAN SLAVES W]E B>B>IANS1.<#f#b#h.> IT IS UND]/&ABLE ?AT ,>I/OTLE BLURR$ ! CATEGORIES4 ,SLAVES W]E ONE-F\R? TO ONE-?IRD ( ! POPULATION ( ,ATTICA2 !Y W]E WIDELY EMPLOY$ 9 AGRICULTURE & M9+ AS WELL AS 9 P]SONAL S]VICE2 ONE-F\R? TO ONE-?IRD ( ! SLAVES W]E WORK$ TO DEA? 9 ! ,LAUREION SILV] M9ES AT !IR PEAK4 ,! ATTITUDE T[>D B>B>IANS 0WAS A MIXTURE ( SOME?+ AK9 TO MOD]N RACISM & NATIONALISM40.<#f#b#i.> ,?US SLAV]Y WAS NOT1 AS ,BOOK*9 SO (T5 9SI/S1 A SURFACE BLEMI% ON ! POLIS4 ,EV5 ASIDE FROM ITS ECONOMIC NECESSITY1 SLAV]Y WAS A NATURAL EXPRESSION ( POLIS EXCLUSIVITY4 

,ANO!R AN>*I/ OP9ION IS ,RUDOLF ,ROCK]'S3 0,PLATO1 ! ONLY ONE AMONG ! ,HELL5IC PHILOSOPH]S TO :OM ! IDEA ( NATIONAL UNITY ( ALL ,HELL5IC PEOPLES IS AT ALL CLE>LY APP>5T1 FELT HIMSELF EXCLUSIVELY ,GREEK & LOOK$ D[N ) UNCONCEAL$ CONTEMPT UPON ! 'B>B>IANS4'0.<#f#c.> ,& IF ?IS WAS TRUE ( ,GREEK CIVILIZATION1 IT WAS PROBABLY /ILL MORE TRUE ( E>LI]1 MORE >*AIC URBAN CIVILIZATIONS 9 ,MESOPOTAMIA1 ,EGYPT1 & ! ,9DUS VALLEY4 ,9 ,! ,ECOLOGY ( ,FRE$OM1 ,BOOK*9 TOLD US ?AT ,P]ICLES' ,FUN]AL ,ORATION MAY TAKE A /EP T[>D HUMANISM BUT 0IT PROVIDES US ) NO REASON TO BELIEVE ?AT ! 'B>B>IAN' WORLD &1 BY DEF9ITION1 ! '\TSID]1' W]E ON A P> ) ! ,HELL5E &1 JURIDICALLY1 ! ANCE/RAL ,A!NIAN40.<#f#c#a.> ,BUT N[ HE SAYS ?AT TRIBESM5 >E NOT HUMAN BE+S4 ,WE MI<T AS WELL 5?RALL$ !M1 AS DID ! GODLIKE ,GREEKS4 ,BOOK*9'S UTOPIA RE/S ON 7NONEXI/5T7 HI< TE*NOLOGY :I* HE EXPLICITLY /ATES IS ! FUNCTIONAL C\NT]P>T ( ,A!NIAN SLAVE-LABOR1 ?US FULFILL+ ONE ( ,>I/OTLE'S FANTASIES4 ,BUT S9CE ANO!R ( ,>I'S FANTASIES IS ?AT ! SLAVE IS A ME*ANICAL EXT5SION ( ! MA/]1 :E!R \R MA*9ES >E ( METAL OR MEAT W\LD SEEM TO BE MORALLY 9DIFF]5T4.<#f#c#b.> 

,& GEOGRAPHY IS JU/ AS LIMIT+1 EV5 AS IRRATIONAL A BASIS = CONSOCIATION AS K9%IP2 & = MO/ PEOPLE1 ONLY M>G9ALLY MORE VOLUNT>Y4 ,MANY PEOPLE 9T]E/ OR CONC]N ME MORE ?AN MY NEXT DOOR NEI<BORS2 NONE ( MY SIGNIFICANT O!RS RESIDES 9 MY NEI<BORHOOD2 MO/ >E AT GREAT DI/ANCES4 ,IT SEEMS ,I AM TYPICAL4 ,?US 9 ,PITTSBUR< AS 9 ,TORONTO1 ?OSE ) :OM PEOPLE HAVE ! MO/ 9TIMATE TIES >E NOT 9 ! NEI<BORHOOD4 ,) IMPRESSIVE UNANIMITY1 /UDIES BAS$ ON NETWORK ANALYSIS -- ID5TIFY+ :O1 = :AT & H[ (T5 A P]SON RELATES TO O!RS -- ID5TIFY 0P]SONAL COMMUNITIES0 :I* >E MO/LY NOT BAS$ ON LOCALITY4 ,!SE CONSI/ ( HALF A DOZ5 9TIMATE TIES & A DOZ5 O!R ACTIVE TIES1 HALF K91 HALF NONK92 ONLY ONE OR TWO 9TIMATE NEI<BORHOOD OR WORKPLACE RELATION%IPS1 & #f-#a#b FUR!R COMMUNITY TIES TO NEI<BORS & WORKMATES4 ,SIMIL>LY1 9 ! ,ZAMBIAN CITY ( ,NDOLA1 M5 KN[ ONLY ONE OR TWO NEI<BORS WELL1 & AVOID NEI<BORHOOD VISIT+1 :]EAS P]SONAL K9%IP NETWORKS >E V]Y IMPORTANT4.<#f#c#c.> 

,IF1 AS ,BOOK*9 BELIEVES1 !RE IS ANY LIB]ATORY HI< TE*NOLOGY1 IT CAN ONLY BE ! COMMUNICATIONS & TRANSPORTATION TE*NOLOGY :I* ABOLI%ES DI/ANCE & R5D]S LOCALISM IRRELEVANT3 BUT 0,) FA/ TRA9S1 ! G5]ALIZATION ( AIR TRAVEL1 & ! DIFFUSION ( CABLE NETWORKS & ! ,9T]NET1 ! CITY HAS NO B\ND>IES4 ,?IS *ANGE M>KS A %IFT FROM ! OLD PR9CIPLE ( CONTIGUITY TO ! NEW PR9CIPLE ( CONNECTIVITY40 ,:AT CIVILIZATION & ITS TE*NOLOGY HAVE REALLY BR\<T US TO IS ! BR9K ( AN ATOMI/IC CONTRACTUAL SOCIETY ( FRICTIONLESS TRANSACTIONS1 0ONE ?AT TRANSC5DS ALL GEOGRAPHICAL B>RI]S TO HUMAN RELATION%IPS AS WELL AS ! %ACKLES ( PR5ATALLY DET]M9$ BONDAGE ?AT WE >E FOND ( CALL+ CITIZ5%IP40.<#f#c#d.> ,WE COME UP AGA9/ ! /ATE & CIVIL SOCIETY AS GIV5S4 ,AS ,/IRN] COMPLA9$1 0,\R SOCIETIES & /ATES >E )\T \R MAK+ !M1 >E UNIT$ )\T \R UNIT+1 >E PR$E/9$ & E/ABLI%$1 OR HAVE AN 9DEP5D5T /&+ .<,BE/&.> ( !IR [N40.<#f#c#e.> ,BLOOD & SOIL TIE US D[N >BITR>ILY2 ROOTS RE/RA9 US4 ,IF ! P]MAN5CE ( RELATION%IPS DECL9ES F> 5\<1 >GUABLY ! RESULT MAY BE CALL$ ! ,UNION ( ,EGOI/S1 ,TEMPOR>Y ,AUTONOM\S ,ZONES1 OR 0SITUATIONAL AN>*Y40.<#f#c#f.> 

,HAV+ R5\NC$ ! BLOOD OA?1 :Y AFFIRM ! DIRT OA?8 ,ISN'T IT OBJECTIONABLE 9 JU/ ! SAME WAY8 ,IF BLOOD TIES REPRES5T ! ANIMAL 9 US1 SO DO GEOGRAPHICAL TIES3 SOME ANIMALS >E T]RITORIAL4 ,COMMUNISM DOES NOT REQUIRE ,COMMUNES 9 ,BOOK*9'S S5SE1 NAMELY1 OMNIFUNCTIONAL GEOGRAPHICALLY B\ND$ UNITS3 !RE MI<T BE 0EXTRAT]RITORIAL COMMUNES10 FREE ASSOCIATIONS = P>TICUL> COMMON PURPOSES4.<#f#c#g.> ,TO A SIGNIFICANT DEGREE1 !Y ALREADY EXI/1 EV5 AS /ATES1 NEI<BORHOODS & O!R MUD-BAS$ SOCIAL =MS DECAY4 

,! EX-,DIRECTOR MU/ MEAN IT AB\T PRIMITIVES BE+ ANIMALS1 BECAUSE HE SAYS IT 9 SEV]AL WAYS4 ,IF Y\ /RIP AWAY ! 0PSY*IC LAY]S0 IMPOS$ BY CIVILIZATION & 0\R V>I\S CIVILIZ$ ATTRIBUTES10 !RE WILL BE LITTLE IF ANY?+ LEFT EXCEPT 0\R B>E/ PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES1 9/9CTS1 & EMOTIONS40.<#f#c#h.> 7,ISN'T ?AT TRUE BY DEF9ITION87 ,BUT IT FOLL[S ?AT =AG]S1 HORTICULTURALI/S1 H]DSM5 & SOME PEASANTS POSSESS NO?+ BUT PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES3 !Y DON'T EV5 HAVE M9DS6 ,?IS UND]/&+ ( PRIMITIVE ANIMALITY RESOLVES SEV]AL KNOTTY PROBLEMS1 SU* AS PRIMITIVES' ATTITUDE T[>D NATURE -- !Y DON'T HAVE ONE1 BECAUSE !Y >E P>T ( NATURE !MSELVES6 0,ABORIG9AL PEOPLES C\LD HAVE NO ATTITUDE T[>D ! NATURAL WORLD BECAUSE1 BE+ IMM]S$ 9 IT1 !Y HAD NO CONCEPT ( ITS UNIQU5ESS40.<#f#c#i.> ,NEV] M9D ?AT !Y DO HAVE WELL-DOCUM5T$ & BY NO MEANS HOMOG5E\S ATTITUDES T[>D NATURE1.<#f#d.> BECAUSE !Y 0C\LD HAVE0 NO SU* ?+4 ,BUT AS ,ALEX&] ,HAMILTON WROTE3 0,H[EV] PROP] SU* REASON+S MI<T BE1 TO %[ ?AT A ?+ \<T NOT TO EXI/1 !Y >E :OLLY TO BE REJECT$ :5 !Y >E MADE USE ( TO PROVE ?AT IT DOES NOT EXI/1 CONTR>Y TO ! EVID5CE ( ! FACT ITSELF40.<#f#d#a.> 

,! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS HAS ALSO WRITT5 ?AT 9 PRIMITIVE SOCIETY 0,NATURE IS NAM$ EV5 BE=E IT IS DEIFI$40 ,H[ CAN PRIMITIVES NAME NATURE IF !Y HAVE NO CONCEPT ( IT8 ,ALSO1 ?AT 0! ABORIG9AL VISION ( NATURE WAS ALSO /RIK+LY NON-HI]>*ICAL40 ,H[ CAN !Y HAVE ANY VISION ( NATURE IF !Y DON'T SEE IT'S !RE8 ,BY P>ITY ( REASON+1 CIVILIZ$ PEOPLES CAN HAVE NO ATTITUDE T[>D CIVILIZATION BECAUSE1 BE+ IMM]S$ 9 IT1 !Y HAVE NO CONCEPT ( ITS UNIQU5ESS4 ,PRESUMABLY ,BOOK*9 HAS NO CONCEPT ( REALITY BECAUSE HE HAS NO?+ ELSE TO COMP>E IT )4 ,AS APPALL+ AS ! EX-,DIRECTOR'S ATTITUDE IS1 HE HAS ,M>X TO V\* = HIM4 ,9 ! ,GRUNDRISSE1 ,M>X SAYS ?AT ! NATURAL RELATION PR$OM9ATES 9 PRE-CAPITALI/ SOCIETIES2 9 ?OSE :]E CAPITAL RULES1 ! SOCIAL1 HI/ORICALLY CREAT$ ELEM5T PR$OM9ATES4.<#f#d#b.> ,BOOK*9 MU/ PREF] CAPITALISM4 

,! 9/RUM5T ( \R HUMANIZATION WAS ! /ATE3 0,H]E AN EVIL BECAME ! MEANS = HUMANITY TO EXTRACT ITSELF FROM ANIMALITY1 & IT SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 UNAVOIDABLE40 0,HUMANITY HAD TO BE EXPELL$ FROM ! ,G>D5 ( ,$5 TO ATTA9 ! FULLNESS ( ITS HUMANNESS40.<#f#d#c.> ,ELSE:]E ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS CR$ITS ! CITY1 NOT ! /ATE -- BUT !Y'RE 9SEP>ABLE ANYWAY4 ,= ! REALIZATION ( FRE$OM1 SOME?+ HAS TO BE ADD$ TO ! 0LIMIT$ PASSIONS0 ( M]E ANIMALITY1 & ,HEGEL TELLS US :AT3 0,?IS ESS5TIAL BE+ IS ! UNION ( ! SUBJECTIVE ) ! RATIONAL WILL2 IT IS ! MORAL :OLE1 ! ,/ATE40.<#f#d#d.> ,TO SAY ?AT ! /ATE CREAT$ CIVILIZATION IS TO SAY ?AT ! /ATE CREAT$ CIVILIZ$ SOCIETY OR1 9 ,HEGEL'S & ,M>X'S PHRASE1 CIVIL SOCIETY4.<#f#d#e.> ,HEGEL BELIEV$ ?IS2 ,M>X DID NOT3 0,HE .<,HEGEL.> WANTS ! 'ABSOLUTE UNIV]SAL1' ! POLITICAL /ATE1 TO DET]M9E CIVIL SOCIETY 9/EAD ( BE+ DET]M9$ BY IT40.<#f#d#f.> ,M>X PO9T$LY DID NOT REG>D EI!R CIVILIZATION OR ! /ATE AS ACCOMPLI%+ ! EM]G5CE FROM ANIMALITY4 ,SOME?+ ELSE DID ?AT3 0,M5 CAN BE DI/+UI%$ FROM ANIMALS BY CONSCI\SNESS1 BY RELIGION OR ANY?+ ELSE Y\ LIKE4 ,!Y !MSELVES BEG9 TO DI/+UI% !MSELVES FROM ANIMALS AS SOON AS !Y BEG9 TO PRODUCE !IR MEANS ( SUBSI/5CE1 A /EP :I* IS CONDITION$ BY !IR PHYSICAL ORGANIZATION40 ,BOOK*9 ONCE QUOT$ ?IS PASSAGE ) SEEM+ APPROVAL4.<#f#d#g.> ,BY ?IS CRIT]ION1 ALL MEMB]S ( HOMO SAPI5S HAVE TRANSC5D$ ANIMALITY1 EXCEPT RETIREES LIKE ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS4 ,?US ,BOOK*9 IS A BAD ,M>XI/4 ,>I/OTLE1 :O IS SECOND TO NONE 9 HIS APPRECIATION ( URBAN CIVILIZATION1 BELIEV$ ?AT WE >E R5D]$ HUMAN BY SPEE*4.<#f#d#h.> ,?US ,BOOK*9 IS A BAD ,>I/OTELIAN4 

,! TR\BLE ) ID5TIFY+ ! HUMAN ESS5CE IS ?AT !RE >E MANY ATTRIBUTES :I* >GUABLY DI/+UI% HUMANS FROM ANIMALS1 BUT !RE CAN BE ONLY ONE HUMAN ESS5CE4 ,9 ADDITION TO 7AS WE HAVE SE571 ! CITY1 ! /ATE1 & LABOR1 O!R PLAUSIBLE C&IDATES 9CLUDE REASON1 LANGUAGE1 RELIGION1 & POSSESSION ( A S\L4 ,NIETZS*E NOM9AT$ LAU<T]4 ,ACCORD+ TO CONS]VATIVE ,PAUL ,ELM] ,MORE1 ! HUMAN ESS5CE IS PROP]TY3 0,NE>LY ALL ?AT MAKES .<LIFE.> MORE SIGNIFICANT TO US ?AN TO ! BEA/ IS ASSOCIAT$ ) \R POSSESSIONS -- ) PROP]TY1 ALL ! WAY FROM ! FOOD :I* WE %>E ) ! BEA/S1 TO ! PRODUCTS ( ! HUMAN IMAG9ATION40 ,AN?ROPOLOGI/ ,$MUND ,R4 ,LEA* SUGGE/S ?AT 0! ABILITY TO TELL LIES IS P]HAPS \R MO/ /RIK+ HUMAN *>ACT]I/IC10.<#f#d#i.> 9 :I* CASE ,BOOK*9 IS 9DE$ HUMAN1 ALL-TOO-HUMAN4 ,NO RATIONAL ME?OD EXI/S = ADJUDICAT+ !SE 9CONSI/5T CLAIMS4 

,AS EV]YONE BUT ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS KN[S1 :AT DI/+UI%ES HUMANS FROM ANIMALS IS NOT CIVILIZATION OR ! /ATE1 IT IS CULTURE4 ,EV]Y SOCIETY1 EV5 A SMALL B& SOCIETY ( ALMO/ PROP]TYLESS =AG]S1 HAS A CULTURE4 ,!RE MU/ BE A SMALL SPOT SOME:]E UND] ,BOOK*9'S B]ET :]E HE KN[S ?AT TOO4 ,HIS %RILL D5UNCIATIONS ( PRIMITIVE MY/ICISM1 CU/OM 7,*APT] #i71 %AMANISM 7,*APT] #h71 MY?OPOESIS1 ETC4 >E NO?+ BUT CONDEMNATIONS ( ASPECTS ( PRIMITIVE CULTURES4 ,! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS DEPLORES ! SAME ?+S ! MISSION>IES DID1 BUT ! MISSION>IES C5SUR$ ! PRIMITIVES AS CULTURALLY 9F]IOR &1 AT WOR/1 MORALLY DEPRAV$1 NOT AS ,UNT]M5S*54 

,!RE IS NO?+ TO ! PO/ULAT$ ANTAGONISM ( T]RITORIALITY & BLOOD4 ,BO? >E SELF-EVID5TLY UNIV]SALS4 0,BLOOD & SOIL0 W5T TOGE!R 9 ,NAZI IDEOLOGY4 0,P]CEIV$ E?NIC DI/9CTIV5ESS0 IS SO *>ACT]I/IC ( ! CITY-/ATE ?AT IT IS (T5 9CLUD$ 9 ! DEF9ITION1 & 0!RE IS NO ANCI5T 7CITY7/ATE 9 :I* K9%IP DOES NOT PLAY A MAJOR ROLE40 ,IT EV5 APPE>S ?AT 9 ! ANCI5T ,GREEK ORD] ( BATTLE1 K9SM5 & TRIBESM5 W]E /ATION$ TOGE!R4 .<#f#e.> ,TO TRICK UP ! APPE>ANCE ( AN UNBRIDGEABLE *ASM1 ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS H]OICALLY1 & >BITR>ILY EXCLUDES ! PRE-9DU/RIAL CITIES ( ! ,NE> ,EA/1 ,ASIA1 & PRE-,COLUMBIAN ,AM]ICA -- I4E41 MO/ CITIES -- FROM CONSID]ATION AS CITIES4 ,! ,AZTEC ,/ATE1 = 9/ANCE1 WAS = HIM M]ELY A *IEFTA9%IP1 & ITS SO-CALL$ CITIES -- SU* AS ,TEOTIHUACAN1 POPULATION #b1-#c11 :]E ! ,SPANI>DS 0SAW ?+S UNSE51 NOR EV] DREAM$0 7,B]NAL ,DIAZ7 -- W]E JU/ 0GROSSLY OV]SIZE0 PUEBLOS6 ,BY WAY ( COMP>ISON1 CONTEMPORANE\SLY ! POPULATION ( ,G5EVA1 0! L>GE/ CITY 9 A SIZ.<E.>ABLE REGION10 WAS #a1#c4.<#f#e#a.> ,! EX-,DIRECTOR'S DISCUSSION IS NOT ONLY SELF-S]V+1 IT 0REVEALS A DISAPPO9T+ E?NOC5TRISM0 7,K>5 ,L4 ,FIELD74.<#f#e#b.> ,DISAPPO9T+1 BUT NOT SURPRIS+4 ,BOOK*9 IS A BIGOT4 

,BOOK*9 W\LD NO D\BT EXCLUDE ,AFRICAN CITIES TOO IF HE KNEW !Y EXI/$4 #f YE>S AGO1 ! ,YORUBA ( ,NIG]IA W]E AS URBANIZ$ AS ,FRANCE1 & MORE URBANIZ$ ?AN ,CANADA1 & !Y HAD BE5 SO = C5TURIES4 ,9 #a#i#e#c1 #ab ,YORUBAN CITIES HAD A POPULATION ( OV] #d12 ONE ( !M1 ,IBADAN1 HAD OV] #a1 PEOPLE -- PEOPL$ BY F>M]S1 CRAFTSM5 ( MANY SPECIALIZ$ GOODS1 & LONG-DI/ANCE TRAD]S4 ,!SE COMMUNITIES W]E ?US ECONOMICALLY DIFF]5TIAT$1 JU/ AS CITIES >E SUPPOS$ TO BE4 ,& YET !RE W]E N9E /RATA 9 ! E?NICALLY HOMOG5E\S POPULATION1 & ! L[] FIVE1 ) AT LEA/ #i#e.0 ( ! PEOPLE1 W]E ORGANIZ$ 9 PATRIL9EAL CLANS :I* OCCUPI$ & DEF5D$ !IR [N NEI<BORHOODS1 AS 9 ,R5AISSANCE ,ITALY 7SEE BEL[74 ,EV5 9 ! #a#i#eS !RE WAS NO EVID5CE ?AT CITY LIFE WEAK5$ ! L9EAGES4 ,BY #a#i#g#h1 ALL BUT TWO CITIES W]E /ILL K9%IP-DOM9AT$1 TYPICALLY ) A POPULATION ( #g.0 F>M]S1 #a.0 CRAFTSM5 & #a.0 TRAD]S4.<#f#e#c.> ,BUT !RE'S A CRUCIAL DI/9CTION BETWE5 ! ,ITALIAN & ,YORUBAN URBANITES3 ,ITALIANS >E :ITE4 

,BOOK*9 BELIEVES ?AT IT IS 0BY BUILD+ ON ! BE/ ( ! ,WE/]N H]ITAGE0 ?AT ! DEMOCRATIC REVOLUTIONS MU/ BE R5EW$4.<#f#e#d.> ,H[EV]1 EV5 ,EUROPEAN CITIES CAN BE REFRACTORY4 ,K9%IP WAS A C5TRAL PR9CIPLE 9 ! ,ITALIAN CITY-/ATES DUBI\SLY CLAIM$ TO BE ,COMMUNES1 :]E 0LITTLE NEI<BORHOOD 'COMMUNES'0 ) =TIFI$ T[]S W]E 0HELD BY NOBLE FAMILIES 9 CONSORTIA OR SWORN FAMILY GR\P+S .<! BLOOD OA?6.>40.<#f#e#e.> ,BOOK*9 TELLS US ?IS )\T EV5 TRY+ TO SQU>E IT ) HIS CLAIM ?AT URBANISM IS ! 0SOLV5T0 ( EXT5D$ FAMILY TIES4 ,!SE CITY-/ATES W]E WRACK$ ) CONFLICT1 (T5 VIOL5T1 0ALONG ALL ! L9ES ( CLEAVAGE SO FAMILI> TODAY3 FAMILY1 K9%IP1 NEI<BORHOOD1 OCCUPATION1 CLASS1 RELIGION40 ,H]E'S A DESCRIPTION FULLY APPLICABLE TO ! ,R5AISSANCE CITY-/ATE AS DISCUSS$ BY HI/ORIAN ,LAURO ,M>T9ES3 0,EA* FAMILY CONTROLS ITS [N T]RITORY -- RURAL VILLAGE OR T[N1 AN URBAN /REET OR NEI<BORHOOD4 ,9CURSIONS >E CONSID]$ SLI<TS & 9VITE A VIOL5T RESPONSE4 ,! T]RITORY IS CLOSELY ID5TIFI$ ) ! FAMILY AS SE5 FROM ! PREVAIL+ NAM+ PRACTICES & S5SITIVITY TO EV5 M9OR =MS ( TRESPASS+40 

,:AT AN?ROPOLOGI/ ,ANTON ,BLOK 7A =M] TEA*] ( M9E7 IS DESCRIB+ IS1 H[EV]1 NOT A ,R5AISSANCE CITY BUT ! MOD]N ,SICILIAN ,MAFIA4 ,HE CONCLUDES3 0,OV]:ELM+ EVID5CE SUGGE/S ?AT ! P[] BASE ( MAFIOSI IS ALWAYS LOCAL40 ,= ! M$IEVAL CITY DWELL] G5]ALLY1 0TIES ( BLOOD %ELT]$ HIM1 AS WELL AS ?OSE ( WORK1 CLASS1 & RELIGION0.<#f#e#f.> -- ?IS FROM ,E4,A4 ,GUTK9D1 ! REAL F\ND] ( ,SOCIAL ,ECOLOGY4 ,>I/OCRACIES ( L>GE EXT5D$ FAMILIES =M ! RUL+ ELITES ( PRE-9DU/RIAL CITIES2 9DE$1 SU* FAMILIES >E A*IEVABLE ONLY 9 FULL-BL[N =M ONLY BY URBAN ELITES4 ,9T]M>RY+ >I/OCRATIC OR PATRICIAN FAMILIES W]E NORMAL 9 PRE-9DU/RIAL CITIES4.<#f#e#g.> ,VIEW$ OBJECTIVELY & 9CLUSIVELY1 ! HI/ORIC CITY C\LD & NORMALLY DID 9CORPORATE CONSID]ABLE K9%IP ORGANIZATION4 

,NOR CAN SU* EXAMPLES BE DISMISS$ AS TRANSITIONAL1 AS ! T5ACI\S RESI/ANCE ( ! 0PRIMAL BLOOD OA?10 .<#f#e#h.> NOT UNLESS !RE >E NO FAIL$ PROPHECIES1 ONLY PROPHECIES :I* HAVE NOT BE5 FULFILL$ YET4 ,WE ALREADY SAW ! ,YORUBAN CASE4 ,A CONTEMPOR>Y EXAMPLE /UDI$ 9 ! #a#i#eS WAS ,BE?NAL ,GRE51 AN OLD WORK+-CLASS NEI<BORHOOD 9 ,LONDON'S ,EA/ ,5D4 ,!RE ! K9DR$1 (T5 C5T]$ ON A MO!R_/DAU<T] TIE1 /RUCTUR$ MU* SOCIAL 9T]ACTION4 ,K9%IP WAS US$ 7= K9%IP IS NOT JU/ SOME?+ ?AT HAPP5S TO PEOPLE1 IT IS SOME?+ !Y DO71 NOT TO EXCLUDE NON-K91 BUT TO NETWORK ) !M4 ,?US PEOPLE MET FRI5DS ?R\< RELATIVES1 & ! RELATIVES ( FRI5DS ?R\< FRI5DS4 ,TIES ( EXT5D$ FAMILY1 CLASS & COMMUNITY W]E COMPATIBLE4.<#f#e#i.> ,MY P>5TS MET ON :AT US$ TO BE CALL$ A BL9D DATE1 SET UP BY MUTUAL FRI5DS4 ,BECAUSE !Y DID1 ! WORLD IS A BETT] PLACE4 

,9 ,EA/ ,YORK1 A ,TORONTO SUBURB1 MO/ ( ! 9TIMATES ID5TIFI$ BY RESPOND5TS W]E K91 :]EAS ONLY #a#c.0 ( !IR 9TIMATES 7BE !Y K9 OR NON-K97 LIV$ 9 ! NEI<BORHOOD1 & FEW HAVE MORE ?AN ONE 9TIMATE 9 ! NEI<BORHOOD4.<#f#f.> ,ADMITT+ ?AT 9 HIS !ORY1 ! CITY IS BO? CAUSE & EFFECT ( ! %IFT FROM K9%IP TO T]RITORIALITY1 ! EX-,DIRECTOR BIDS F>EWELL TO COMMON S5SE3 0,9 FACT1 URBAN LIFE FROM ITS 9CEPTION OCCUPIES SU* AN AMBIGU\S PLACE 9 ! COMMONS5SE LOGIC ( CAUSE & EFFECT ?AT WE W\LD DO WELL TO USE !SE CONCEPTS G+]LY40.<#f#f#a.> ,IF !RE'S AN UNBRIDGABLE *ASM BETWE5 ,BOOK*9ISM & ! COMMONS5SE LOGIC ( CAUSALITY1 !N1 SO MU* ! WORSE = LOGIC & CAUSALITY4 

,HIS LATE/ EFFUSIONS REVEAL ?AT ,BOOK*9'S ATAVI/IC OBSESSION ) BLOOD IS MORE ?AN JU/ ANO!R EXAMPLE ( HIS FREAKI% *OICE ( WORDS4 ,CONSID] ?IS GROTESQUE CONCEIT3 0,NATURE LIT]ALLY P]MEAT$ ! COMMUNITY NOT ONLY AS A PROVID5TIAL 5VIRONM5T1 BUT AS ! BLOOD FL[ ( ! K9%IP TIE ?AT UNIT$ HUMAN TO HUMAN & G5]ATION TO G5]ATION40 ,HE ACTUALLY BELIEVES ?AT ! BLOOD ( ! P>5TS LIT]ALLY RUNS 9 !IR *ILDR5'S VE9S6 ,H[ ! FA!R'S BLOOD GETS 9 !RE BOGGLES ! M9D4 

,JU/ AS !RE IS MU* ?AT IS *ILDI% AB\T ,BOOK*9'S FETI%ES1 SO !RE IS MU* ?AT IS PRIMITIVE AB\T !M4 ,AS ,SUMN] & ,KELL] OBS]V$1 0! ?\<T ( ! RACE HAS C5T]$ SO P]SI/5TLY AB\T BLOOD0 ?AT IT MU/ HAVE BULK$ L>GE 9 PRIMITIVE LIFE4 ,! BLOODL9E IS ! B\ND>Y ( ! K9 GR\P1 ! EX-,DIRECTOR EXPLA9S1 AS ! SK9 IS ! B\ND>Y ( ! BODY4 ,! EX-,DIRECTOR'S %UDD]+ REVULSION AGA9/ 0BLOOD TIES0 7NEV] FAMILY TIES7 & 0! BLOOD OA?0 EXPRESSLY EXT5DS TO ! BODILY FUNCTIONS3 0EAT+1 SLEEP+1 REPRODUC+1 EXCRET+1 & EV5 PLAY+40 7,FUCK+ IS TOO DISGU/+ EV5 TO M5TION47 ,:5 HE ACCUSES AN>*O-PRIMITIVI/S ( ASPIR+ TO 0F\R-LEGG$ ANIMALITY10.<#f#f#b.> AN \TRI<T FE> ( ! F]AL HAS TO UND]LIE ?IS EXTRAORD9>Y PHRASE4 ,HIS D5IAL ( ! ANIMAL NATURE ( HUMANS IS1 BECAUSE WE >E ANIMALS1 AN EXPRESSION ( PR(\ND SICKNESS & SELF-LOA?+4 ,& WE KN[ ?AT ! EX-,DIRECTOR WAS !N A SICK MAN4.<#f#f#c.> 

,Y\ CAN >RIVE AT ! SAME DIAGNOSIS BY ANO!R R\TE4 ,BOOK*9'S RIGID IDEOLOGY IS /RUCTURALLY SIMPLE3 IT CONSI/S ( DUALISMS1 LIKE ! 0UNBRIDGEABLE *ASM0 HE POSIT$ BETWE5 ! IMAG9>Y 5TITIES ,SOCIAL ,AN>*ISM & ,LIFE/YLE ,AN>*ISM4 ,?US1 0,AS ! ,GREEKS WELL KNEW .<BUT SEEM NOT TO HAVE WRITT5 D[N ANY:]E.>1 ! 'GOOD CITY' .<:Y ! QUOTATION M>KS8 ?IS IS NOT A ,GREEK QUOTATION.> REPRES5T$ ! TRIUMPH ( SOCIETY OV] BIOLOGY1 ( REASON OV] IMPULSE1 ( HUMANITY OV] FOLKDOM .<SIC.>40 ,ANO!R LI/ DEVOT$ TO ?IS TOPIC 5UM]AT$ FIVE ANTI!SES4 ,ANO!R1 F\R4.<#f#f#d.> ,ANY?+ MORE COMPLEX ?AN A B9>Y OPPOSITION IS CORRESPOND+LY AMBIGU\S & ?US A S\RCE ( ANXIETY4 ,= ! AU?ORIT>IAN P]SONALITY1 B9>Y ?9K+ IS A ME*ANISM TO CIRCUMV5T AMBIVAL5CE OR KEEP IT UNCONSCI\S3 0,! MO/ \T/&+ ( !SE ME*ANISMS CONSI/ 9 T]MS ( DI*OTOMIES1 I4E41 9 T]MS ( PAIRS ( DIAMETRICAL OPPOSITES1 & 9 AN 9CL9ATION T[>D DISPLACEM5T4 ,?US1 GLORIFICATION ( ! +R\P & REJECTION ( ! \TGR\P1 >E FAMILI> FROM ! SPH]E ( SOCIAL & POLITICAL BELIEFS1 CAN BE F\ND 9 AS A G5]AL TR5D 9 SOME ( \R CL9ICAL DATA1 PR$OM9ANTLY TO ?OSE RELAT+ TO HI< SCOR]S .<ON ! AU?ORIT>IANISM 9DEX.>40.<#f#f#e.> ,SO SAYS ONE ( ,BOOK*9'S (T-QUOT$ FAVORITES1 ,!ODOR ,ADORNO4 ,HUMANI/S1 ACCORD+ TO ,PHILIP ,SLAT]1 (T5 TRY 0TO DEVISE A CONCEPTUAL SY/EM 9 :I* ALL ! ?+S ONE LIKES FALL 9TO ONE CONCEPTUAL CATEGORY & ALL ?OSE ?+S ONE DISLIKES 9TO ANO!R4 ,BUT 'GOOD' & 'BAD' >E ALWAYS OR?OGONAL TO IMPORTANT DI/9CTIONS40.<#f#f#f.> 

,BOOK*9'S IDEA ( AN >GUM5T IS TO ASSIGN HIS PREF]5CE TO ! POSITIVE SIDE ( HIS LI/ ( DI*OTOMIES3  
  

,SOCIAL ,AN>*ISM @& ,LIFE/YLE ,AN>*ISM 

,M9D @& ,BODY 

,SOCIETY @& ,9DIVIDUAL_/,BIOLOGY 

,POLITICS @& ,/ATECRAFT 

,HUMANITY @& ,ANIMALITY 

,CULTURE @& ,NATURE 

,REASON @& ,EMOTION_/,FAI? 

,! ,G5]AL ,9T]E/ @& ,SELF-,9T]E/ 

,POT5TIALITY @& ,ACTUALITY 

,MORALISM @& ,MY/ICISM 

,CIVIC ,COMPACT @& ,BLOOD ,OA? 

,TEMPORALITY @& ,ET]NALITY 

,CITY @& ,C\NTRY 

,DELEGATION @& ,REPRES5TATION 

,T]RITORY @& ,K9%IP 

,CIVILIZ$ @& ,PRIMITIVE 

,SOCIAL ,ECOLOGY @& ,DEEP ,ECOLOGY 

,HI/ORY @& ,CYCLICITY .<SIC.> 

,TWO ,LEGS @& ,F\R ,LEGS 

,RATIONALITY @& ,CU/OM_/,MY? 

,MAJORITY ,RULE @& ,NO ,RULE .<,AN->*Y.> 

,WE/]N ,CIVILIZATION @& ,EA/]N ,CIVILIZATION 

,ORGANIZATION @& ,SPONTANEITY 

,HI< ,TE*NOLOGY @& ,CONVIVIAL_/,APPROPRIATE ,TE*NOLOGY 

,P>IS #a#g#i#c1 #a#h#g#a1 #aicf @& ,P>IS #aifh 

,MORAL ,ECONOMY @& ,Z][ORK 

,CRAFT @& ,NATURE 

,LIT]ALISM @& ,MY?_/,METAPHOR 

,! #cS @& ,! #dS1 #eS1 #fS1 #gS1 #hS1 #iS 444 

,! ,LEFT ,?AT ,WAS @& ,! ,PO/-,LEFT ,?AT ,IS 

,! ,T[N ,MEET+ @& ,! ,T[N ,DRUNK 

,OLD AGE @& ,NEW ,AGE 

,ETC4  
  

,SOME ( !SE POL>ITIES MI<T SEEM RELATIVELY UNIMPORTANT1 BUT ?AT IS TO MISUND]/& ! EX-,DIRECTOR'S DYNAMIC DUALISM4 ,EV]Y DI*OTOMY IS EQUALLY IMPORTANT BECAUSE EV]Y DI*OTOMY IS ALL-IMPORTANT4 ,EV]Y DI*OTOMY IS ALL-IMPORTANT BECAUSE EV]Y DI*OTOMY MANIFE/S ! SAME DI*OTOMY1 ! MA/] DI*OTOMY1 :I* CAN BE CALL$ EI!R ,GOOD VS4 ,EVIL OR ,US VS4 ,!M4 

,DUALISM IS ! SIMPLE/ =M ( CLASSIFICATION4 ,MY?IC ?9K+1 :I* ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS SUPPOS$LY DETE/S1 IS B9>Y4.<#f#f#g.> ,IT IS ! IMP]ATIVES ( ! POLIC+ PROCESS1 DEF9+ 9 EV] MORE DETAIL ! DI/9CTIONS BETWE5 REGULAT$ & UNREGULAT$ BEHAVIOR1 :I* MULTIPLY B9>Y OPPOSITIONS4.<#f#f#h.> ,PHILOSOPHIES ( ! ,MANY AU?ORIZE PLURALISM2 PHILOSOPHIES ( ! ,ONE AU?ORIZE 9CLUSIV5ESS2 BUT PHILOSOPHIES ( ! ,TWO CONDEMN HALF ( REALITY TO HELL OR NIHILITY4 ,!Y >E AB\T %UTT+ \T4 ,TOTALIT>IAN IDEOLOGIES >E ALWAYS DUALI/IC4 ,DUALI/IC ?9K+ HAS AN AFF9ITY = :AT ,HAKIM ,BEY CALLS GNO/IC SELF-DISGU/4.<#f#f#i.> ,& ?US IT IS ! ORGANIZ+ PR9CIPLE ( MORALISM1 A PROM95T FEATURE ( ! EX-,DIRECTOR'S IDEOLOGY4.<#f#g.> ,AN>*I/ ,JAMES ,L4 ,WALT] SPEAKS ( 0H[ F> ! PHILOSOPHY ( ,EGOISM DIFF]S FROM ! LOGOMA*Y ( ! ,MORALI/S1 :O1 NOT CONT5T ) DIVID+ M5 9TO %EEP & GOATS1 W\LD BE GLAD TO DIVIDE IDEAS ( FACTS 9 ! SAME WAY & ON ! L9ES ( !IR [N PREJUDICES4 ,) !M ! FACTS MU/ BE OPPOSITES1 ABSOLUTE OPPOSITES ALL ! WAY ?R\<1 IF !RE BE OPPOSITION 9 !M 9 SOME RELATION40.<#f#g#a.> ,ALL DIFF]5CE IS OPPOSITION4 

,DESPITE ITS BRAC+ NEGATIVITY1 AN>*ISM IS NOT DUALI/IC3 0,! TRADITIONAL DUALISM 9 HUMAN ?\<T ?AT PITT$ HUMANITY AGA9/ ANIMALITY1 SOCIETY AGA9/ NATURE1 FRE$OM AGA9/ NECESSITY1 M9D AGA9/ BODY1 &1 9 ITS MO/ 9SIDI\S =M1 MAN AGA9/ WOMAN IS TRANSC5D$ BY DUE RECOGNITION ( ! CONT9UITY BETWE5 ! TWO1 BUT )\T A R$UCTIONALISM .<SIC.> OR 'ON5ESS' ?AT YIELDS1 9 ,HEGEL'S WORDS1 'A NI<T 9 :I* ALL C[S >E BLACK4'0.<#f#g#b.> ,?AT'S :AT ,BOOK*9 US$ TO SAY4 

,TO ?9K ONE'S WAY 9TO SOME OV]WORLD IS TO D5Y & DEVALUE ?IS WORLD1 ! REAL WORLD ( :I* WE >E EA* AN 9DEFEASIBLE P>T1 & ?US TO D5Y & DEVALUE ONESELF_/ONE'S SELF4.<#f#g#c.> ,AT FIR/ BLU%1 ! DOCTR9E ( ESS5TIALISM MI<T SEEM TO PROTECT A ?+'S IRR$UCIBLE 9TEGRITY1 BUT Y\ CAN ALWAYS R$EF9E A :OLE AS A P>T ( A L>G] :OLE -- A CITIZ51 = 9/ANCE1 AS A P>T ( ! /ATE -- IF Y\ LIKE ITS ESS5CE BETT]4 ,?US ,MURRAY ,BOOK*9'S :OLE BLOODY PHILOSOPHY ( SOCIAL ECOLOGY W\LD REJECT WILD NATURE1 NATURE AS IT IS1 BY HUMANIZ+ IT1 AS IF TO CORRECT A DEFECT4 ,BECAUSE CONSCI\S HUMANITY IS ! HI<E/ =M ( BE+1 IT IS ULTIMATELY ! ONLY P>T ( NATURE :I* IS ALL[$ TO BE ITSELF4.<#f#g#d.> ,IT'S NOT ?AT ! RELATION ( HUMANITY TO NATURE IS LIKE ! RELATION ( M9D TO BODY -- ANALOGY & ALLEGORY >E TOO COMPLEX = ,BOOK*9 -- HUMANITY IS NATURE'S M9D1 & NATURE IS HUMANITY'S BODY4 ,AS A MY?ICAL *>T] = ! DOM9ATION ( NATURE1 ?IS TOPS EV5 ! ,BIBLICAL ASSIGNM5T ( DOM9ION TO MAN4 ,AS AN EC(EM9I/ CRITIC ACUTELY OBS]VES1 0,BOOK*9 R>ELY M5TIONS NONHUMAN NATURE )\T ATTA*+ ! WORD 'M]E' TO IT40.<#f#g#e.> ,IT'S A TRAVE/Y = ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS TO ID5TIFY HIS PHILOSOPHY1 AS HE DOES1 AS ANY K9D ( NATURALISM4.<#f#g#f.> ,Y\ CANNOT BE A NATURALI/ IF Y\ LOA! NATURE4 ,HE MISCON/RUES ! VALUE ( CONSCI\SNESS3 0,! FUNDAM5TAL MI/AKE IS SIMPLY ?AT1 9/EAD ( UND]/&+ CONSCI\SNESS AS A TOOL & P>TICUL> ASPECT ( ! TOTAL LIFE1 WE POSIT IT AS ! /&>D & ! CONDITION ( LIFE ?AT IS ( SUPREME VALUE444 ,BUT ONE HAS TO TELL .<! PHILOSOPH]S.> ?AT PRECISELY ?IS TURNS LIFE 9TO A MON/ROSITY10 ADDS ,NIETZS*E4.<#f#g#g.> 

,IT IS ,BOOK*9'S IDEOLOGY1 NOT ,WATSON'S1 :I* IS ANTI-HUMANI/1 UNLESS ,ADORNO IS RI<T AB\T HUMANISM3 0,9 ! 9N]MO/ RECESSES ( HUMANISM1 AS ITS V]Y S\L1 !RE RAGES A PRISON] :O1 AS A ,FASCI/1 TURNS ! WORLD 9TO A PRISON40 ,! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS HAS TO BE ! ONLY HUMANI/ 7NOTE MY RE/RA9T 9 AB/A9+ FROM IRONIC QUOTATION M>KS7 :O BELIEVES ?AT 0HUMANITY 444 IS /ILL LESS ?AN HUMAN40.<#f#g#h.> ,?IS IS ! R$UCTIO AD ABSURDUM ( ASSIGN+ POT5TIALITY A HI<] ORD] ( REALITY ?AN ACTUALITY3 F9ALLY1 NO?+ ?AT EXI/S IS REAL1 :I* MAKES NONS5SE ( ! WORDS 0EXI/S10 0IS10 & 0REAL40 ,IT IS ALSO PURE ,BUDDHISM3 ! EXP]I5C$ WORLD IS ,MAYA1 ILLUSION4 ,IF MAN IS LESS ?AN HUMAN1 HE MU/ BE AN ANIMAL -- A 0M]E0 ANIMAL -- AFT] ALL6 ,NIETZS*E WAS RI<T3 MAN IS SOME?+ TO BE SURPASS$3  
  

,MO/ M5 REPRES5T PIECES & FRAGM5TS ( MAN3 ONE HAS TO ADD !M UP = A COMPLETE MAN TO APPE>4 ,:OLE AGES1 :OLE PEOPLES >E 9 ?IS S5SE SOME:AT FRAGM5T>Y2 IT IS P]HAPS P>T ( ! ECONOMY ( HUMAN EVOLUTION ?AT MAN %\LD EVOLVE PIECE BY PIECE4 ,BUT ?AT %\LD NOT MAKE ONE =GET = A MOM5T ?AT ! REAL ISSUE IS ! PRODUCTION ( SYN!TIC M52 ?AT L[] M51 ! TREM5D\S MAJORITY1 >E M]ELY PRELUDES & REHE>SALS \T ( :OSE M$LEY ! :OLE MAN APPE>S H]E & !RE1 ! MILE/ONE MAN :O 9DICATES H[ F> HUMANITY HAS ADVANC$ SO F> 444 .<,W.>E HAVE NOT YET REATTA9$ ! MAN ( ! ,R5AISSANCE1 & ! MAN ( ! ,R5AISSANCE1 9 TURN1 IS 9F]IOR TO ! MAN ( ANTIQUITY4.<#f#g#i.>  
  

,MURRAY ,BOOK*93 ,ECCE ,HOMO6 ,Z>A?U/RA6 

,BOOK*9 IS A RACI/4 ,HIS DEL9EATION ( ! TRUE HUMANS PRECISELY TRACES ! COLOR L9E4 ,! TABLEAU ( PRIMITIVES DO+ NO?+ BUT EAT+1 SLEEP+1 REPRODUC+1 EXCRET+1 & 7AS IF ALL ?IS W]E NOT VILE 5\<7 EV5 PLAY+ EVOKES ! CRUDE/ RACI/ C>ICATURES ( LAZY1 DIRTY1 LASCIVI\S ,AFRICANS1 ,>ABS1 ,AM]9DIANS & O!R 0NATIVES40 ,SO DOES ! EX-,DIRECTOR'S COMIC BOOK CAVEMAN IMAGE ( ! PREHI/ORIC MAN :O 0GRUNT$0 AS HE TRI$ & FAIL$ TO PRACTICE ! DIVISION ( LABOR4.<#f#h.> ,FULLY DEVELOP$ URBAN CIVILIZATION WAS CREAT$ ONLY BY ,EUROPEAN :ITES1 :OSE SUP]IOR CIVILIZATION HE /\TLY AFFIRMS4 ,AM]9DIANS1 ,ASIANS & ,AFRICANS TRI$ & FAIL$ AT URBANISM -- AL?\< IT IS AN ,ASIAN 9V5TION -- AS ! PRIMITIVES TRI$ & FAIL$ ) ! DIVISION ( LABOR4 ,CONTEMPOR>Y PRIMITIVES1 ! OBJECT ( ,BOOK*9'S PIGGI% PREJUDICES1 >E ALSO NON:ITES :O HAVE FAIL$ TO BECOME CIVILIZ$ OR ELSE !Y 0LIT]ALLY DEVOLV$40 ,IF ONLY 9 PR9CIPLE1 ,BOOK*9'S HUMANISM IS WORSE ?AN ,NAZISM4 ,AT LEA/ ! ,NAZIS GRUDG+LY ACKN[L$G$ ?AT ! ,JEWS W]E A DEPRAV$1 DEMONIC K9D ( HUMAN BE+4 ,?AT IS A HI<] /ATUS ?AN ! ,BURL+TON HUMANI/ ACCORDS ! ABORIG9ES 7&1 APP>5TLY1 ALL ! RE/ ( US74 ,TO HIM !Y >E1 AS ,I PROPHETICALLY PUT IT 9 ,AN>*Y AFT] ,LEFTISM1 LITTLE MORE ?AN TALK+ DOGS4.<#f#h#a.> 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
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,APRIL #a#h1 #bb 3 ,*APT] #aa -- ,ADD$4 

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