,NO ,GOD1 ,NO ,BOSS1 ,NO ,HUSB& 
,! WORLD'S FIR/ ,AN>*A-,FEM9I/ GR\P 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,IA9 ,MC,KAY 

,TEXT 3 

,! WORLD'S FIR/ EXPLICITLY AN>*I/-FEM9I/ GR\P WAS CREAT$ AS P>T ( ! ?RIV+ N9ETE5?-C5TURY ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T 9 ,>G5T9A4 ,IT PRODUC$ ! FIR/ AN>*A-FEM9I/ NEWSPAP]1 ,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ]4 ,SADLY1 ! HI/ORY ( AN>*I/-FEM9ISM 9 ,>G5T9A HAS R>ELY BE5 ACKN[L$G$1 AT BE/ M5TION$ 9 PASS+1 AT WORSE IGNOR$ OR =GOTT54 

,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ] WAS PUBLI%$ 9 ,BU5OS ,AIRES ONLY N9E TIMES1 BEG9N+ ON ,JANU>Y #h1 #ahif & 5D+ ALMO/ EXACTLY ONE YE> LAT] ON ,NEW ,YE>'S ,DAY4 ,ITS DONORS 9CLUD$ 0,WOM5 ,AV5G]S ,GR\P10 0,ONE ,:O ,WANTS TO ,FILL A ,CANNON ) ! ,HEADS ( ! ,B\RGEOIS10 0,LONG ,LIVE ,DYNAMITE10 0,LONG ,LIVE ,FREE ,LOVE10 0,A ,FEM9I/10 0,A ,FEMALE ,S]P5T TO ,DEV\R ! ,B\RGEOIS10 0,FULL ( ,BE]10 0,A ,MAN ,FRI5DLY TO ,WOM540 ,MO/ ( IT WAS WRITT5 9 ,SPANI%1 ) ONLY OCCASIONAL ITEMS 9 ,ITALIAN4 ,?IS IS NOT SURPRIS+1 AS IT WAS PRIM>ILY FROM ,SPA9 ?AT AN>*I/ FEM9ISM CAME TO ,>G5T9A4 ,EV5 ! FEM9I/ MAT]IAL 9 ! ,ITALIAN PRESS WAS WRITT5 L>GELY BY ,SPANI% AU?ORS4 ,ANO!R V]SION ( ! PAP] & BE>+ ITS NAME WAS PUBLI%$ 9 ! PROV9CIAL T[N ( ,ROS>IO 7ITS $ITOR1 ,VIRG9IA ,BOLT5 WAS ! ONLY WOMAN KN[N TO HAVE BE5 DEPORT$ 9 #aib UND] ! ,RESID5CE ,LAW1 :I* GAVE ! GOV]NM5T ! P[] TO EXPEL IMMIGRANTS ACTIVE 9 POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS74 ,ANO!R ,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ] WAS PUBLI%$ 9 ,MONTEVIDEO1 :]E ,BOLT5 WAS EXIL$ TO4 

,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ] DESCRIB$ ITSELF AS 0D$ICAT$ TO ! ADVANCEM5T ( ,COMMUNI/ ,AN>*ISM40 ,ITS C5TRAL !ME WAS ?AT ( ! MULTIPLE NATURE ( WOM5'S OPPRESSION4 ,AN $ITORIAL ASS]T$1 0,WE BELIEVE ?AT 9 PRES5T-DAY SOCIETY NO?+ & NOBODY HAS A MORE WRET*$ SITUATION ?AN UN=TUNATE WOM540 ,WOM51 !Y SAID1 W]E D\BLY OPPRESS$ - BY B\RGEOIS SOCIETY & BY M54 ,ITS FEM9ISM CAN BE SE5 FROM ITS ATTACK ON M>RIAGE & UPON MALE P[] OV] WOM54 ,ITS CONTRIBUTORS1 LIKE AN>*I/ FEM9I/S ELSE:]E1 DEVELOP$ A CONCEPT ( OPPRESSION ?AT FOCUS$ ON G5D] OPPRESSION4 ,M>RIAGE WAS A B\RGEOIS 9/ITUTION :I* RE/RICT$ WOM5'S FRE$OM1 9CLUD+ !IR SEXUAL FRE$OM4 ,M>RIAGES 5T]$ 9TO )\T LOVE1 FIDELITY MA9TA9$ ?R\< FE> RA!R ?AN DESIRE1 OPPRESSION ( WOM5 BY M5 !Y HAT$ - ALL W]E SE5 AS SYMPTOMATIC ( ! CO]CION IMPLI$ BY ! M>RIAGE CONTRACT4 ,IT WAS ?IS ALI5ATION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL'S WILL ?AT ! AN>*I/ FEM9I/S DEPLOR$ & S\<T TO REM$Y1 9ITIALLY ?R\< FREE LOVE & !N1 & MORE ?OR\<LY1 ?R\< SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 

,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ] WAS A PAP] WRITT5 BY WOM5 = WOM51 IT WAS AN 9DEP5D5T EXPRESSION ( AN EXPLICITLY FEM9I/ CURR5T )9 ,S\? ,AM]ICA'S LABOR MOVEM5T & WAS ONE ( ! FIR/ RECORD$ 9/ANCES ( ! FUSION ( FEM9I/ IDEAS ) A REVOLUTION>Y & WORK+-CLASS ORI5TATION4 ,AS ) ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN1 ,L\ISE ,MI*EL & ,VOLTAIR9E DE ,CLEYRE1 IT DIFF]$ FROM ! MA9/REAM FEM9ISM BY BE+ A WORK+ CLASS MOVEM5T :I* PLAC$ ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ PATRI>*Y AS P>T ( A WID] /RUGGLE AGA9/ ECONOMIC & SOCIAL CLASSES & HI]>*IES4 ,IT WAS NOT C5T]$ ON $UCAT$ MIDDLE-CLASS WOM51 :OSE FEM9ISM WAS DISMISS$ AS A 0B\RGEOIS0 OR 0RE=MI/40 

,AN>*I/ FEM9ISM EM]G$ 9 ,BU5OS ,AIRES 9 ! #a#h#iS1 :]E ! GR[? ( ! ECONOMY 9CREAS$ ! DEM& = LABOR :I* WAS SATISFI$ ?R\< IMMIGRATION ON A VA/ SCALE4 ,! L>GE/ E?NIC GR\P W]E ! ,ITALIANS1 FOLL[$ BY ! ,SPANI>DS & ,FR5*4 ,IT WAS AMONG !SE IMMIGRANT COMMUNITIES ?AT ! GR\P PRODUC+ ,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ] >OSE & WAS ACTIVE4 ,AS ) ELSE:]E 9 ! ,AM]ICAS1 ,AN>*ISM WAS ORIG9ALLY IMPORT$ BY IMMIGRANTS FROM ! ,EUROPEAN C\NTRIES 9 :I* !RE WAS A /RONG ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T - ,ITALY1 ,SPA91 & ,FRANCE4 ,AN>*I/ GR\PS & PUBLICATIONS FIR/ EM]G$ 9 ! #a#h#fS & ! #a#h#gS &1 DUE TO ! SOCIAL CONDITIONS 9 ,>G5T9A1 F\ND F]TILE SOIL4 ,LIKE ! IMMIGRANT COMMUNITIES !Y W]E P>T (1 ! AN>*I/S =M$ AN 9TEGRAL P>T ( ! WORK+ CLASS MOVEM5T 9 ,>G5T9A & %AP+ ITS IDEAS & /RUGGLES4 ,! AN>*I/S HELP$ =M SOME ( ! FIR/ UNIONS1 ORGANIZ+ /RIKES & DEMON/RATIONS4 ,9 ! #a#h#hS & #a#h#iS !RE W]E SOMETIMES AS MANY AS #b ,AN>*I/ PAP]S BE+ PUBLI%$ AT ANY ONE TIME1 9 ,FR5*1 ,SPANI%1 & ,ITALIAN4 

,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ] APPE>$ AFT] HALF A C5TURY ( CONT9U\S ,AN>*I/ ACTIVITY4 ,IT WAS P>T ( ! COMMUNI/-AN>*I/ TRADITION & WAS D$ICAT$ TO ! OV]?R[ ( ! EXI/+ SOCIETY & ! CREATION ( A NEW1 JU/1 & EGALIT>IAN SOCIAL ORD] ORGANIZ$ ON ! PR9CIPLE ( 0FROM EA* ACCORD+ TO ABILITY1 TO EA* ACCORD+ TO NE$40 ,AS WAS ! CASE ELSE:]E1 A DI/9CTIVE FEM9I/ CURR5T DEVELOP$ ) ! MA9 IMPULSE = AN>*I/ FEM9ISM COM+ FROM ,SPANI% ACTIVI/S 7H[EV]1 ,ITALIAN EXILES LIKE ,]RICO ,MALATE/A & ,PIETRO ,GORI GAVE SUPPORT TO FEM9I/ IDEAS 9 !IR J\RNALS & >TICLES74 ,EQUAL PAY = WOM5 WAS RAIS$ AS A DEM& & SUPPORT$ BY A SIGNIFICANT NUMB] ( LABOR UNIONS 9 ! ,>G5T9E ,WORK]S' ,F$]ATION 9 #a#i#a4 

,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ] MILITANT ANTI-RE=MI/ /ANCE >\S$ RESPONSE AMONG WOM5 WORK]S 9 ! CITIES ( ,BU5OS ,AIRES1 ,LA ,PLATA1 & ,ROS>IO1 AS IT LA/$ A YE> & PR9T$ BETWE5 #a1 & #b1 COPIES ( EA* ISSUE1 A RESPECTABLE NUMB] = AN ,AN>*I/ PAP] ( ITS TIME4 ,ITS $ITORS W]E DRAWN FROM ! L>GE ,SPANI% & ,ITALIAN COMMUNITIES & ID5TIFI$ !MSELVES ) ! WOM5 ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,ITS DI/9CTIV5ESS AS AN ,AN>*I/ PAP] LAY 9 ITS RECOGNITION ( ! SPECIFICITY ( WOM5'S OPPRESSION4 ,IT CALL$ UPON WOM5 TO MOBILIZE AGA9/ !IR SUBORD9ATION BO? AS WOM5 & AS WORK]S4 ,ITS FIR/ $ITORIAL WAS A PASSIONATE REJECTION ( WOM5'S LOT3 

0F$ UP AS WE >E ) SO MANY TE>S & SO MU* MIS]Y2 F$ UP ) ! NEV] 5D+ DRUDG]Y ( *ILDR5 7DE> ?\< !Y >E72 F$ UP ) ASK+ & BEGG+2 ( BE+ A PLAY?+ = \R 9FAM\S EXPLOIT]S OR VILE HUSB&S1 WE HAVE DECID$ TO RAISE \R VOICES 9 ! CONC]T ( SOCIETY & DEM&1 YES1 DEM& \R BIT ( PLEASURE 9 ! BANQUET ( LIFE40 

,ITS APPE>ANCE RECEIV$ A MIX$ RESPONSE FROM ! RE/ ( ! ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 RANG+ FROM SIL5CE & HO/ILITY TO PRAISE4 ,ONE PAP] GAVE IT A P>TICUL>LY W>M WELCOME1 /AT+ ?AT 0A GR\P ( MILITANT WOM5 HAVE UNFURL$ ! R$ FLAG ( AN>*Y & 9T5D TO PUBLI% A MAGAZ9E = PROPAG&A AMONG ?OSE :O >E !IR COMRADES BO? 9 WORK & 9 MIS]Y4 ,WE GREET ! VALIANT 9ITIATORS ( ?IS PROJECT1 & AT ! SAME TIME WE CALL ON ALL \R COMRADES TO SUPPORT !M40 ,?IS WAS UNSURPRIS+1 AS A SUB/ANTIAL SECTION ( ! ,AN>*I/ PRESS WAS SYMPA!TIC TO FEM9I/ ISSUES AT ?IS TIME4 ,! MID-#a#h#iS 9 ,>G5T9A SAW 9CREAS+ COV]AGE ( ISSUES RELAT+ TO WOM5'S EQUALITY & 9 P>TICUL> TO M>RIAGE1 ! FAMILY1 PRO/ITUTION1 & ! DOM9ATION ( WOM5 BY M54 ,SOME PAP]S EV5 PUBLI%$ SPECIAL S]IES ( PAMPHLETS DEVOT$ TO 0! WOMAN QUE/ION40 ,LA ,QUE/IONE ,SOCIALE1 ! ,ITALIAN-LANGUAGE PAP] F\ND$ BY ,MALATE/A :5 HE CAME TO ,>G5T9A 9 #a#h#h#c1 PUBLI%$ A S]IES ( PAMPHLETS 0ESPECIALLY D$ICAT$ TO AN ANALYSIS ( WOM5'S ISSUES40 ,! J\RNAL ,G]M9AL1 :I* FIR/ APPE>$ 9 #a#h#i#g1 WAS P>TICUL>LY CONC]N$ ) ! 0WOMAN QUE/ION0 & C>RI$ SEV]AL >TICLES UND] ! G5]AL HEAD+ ( 0,FEM9ISM10 & IT DEF5D$ 0! EXTREMELY REVOLUTION>Y & JU/ *>ACT] ( FEM9ISM0 AGA9/ ! *>GE ?AT IT WAS M]ELY A CREATION ( 0ELEGANT LITTLE LADIES40 ,MU* IF NOT ALL ( ! FEM9I/ MAT]IAL 9 ! ,AN>*I/ PRESS APPE>S TO HAVE BE5 WRITT5 BY WOM54 

,YET ?IS APP>5T SYMPA?Y = FEM9ISM 9 PR9CIPLE )9 ! ,AN>*I/ RANKS WAS MAT*$ BY SUB/ANTIAL OPPOSITION 9 PRACTICE4 ,! FIR/ ISSUE ( ,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ] SEEMS TO HAVE >\S$ CONSID]ABLE HO/ILITY1 BECAUSE 9 ! FOLL[+ ISSUE ! $ITORS ATTACK$ ! ANTIFEM9I/ ATTITUDES PREVAL5T AMONG M5 9 ! MOVEM5T 9 NO UNC]TA9 T]MS4 ,AS !Y PUT IT3 

0,:5 WE WOM51 UNWOR?Y & IGNORANT AS WE >E1 TOOK ! 9ITIATIVE & PUBLI%$ ,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ]1 WE %\LD HAVE KN[N1 ,OH MODEM ROGUES1 H[ Y\ W\LD RESPOND ) Y\R OLD ME*ANI/IC PHILOSOPHY TO \R 9ITIATIVE4 ,Y\ %\LD HAVE REALIZ$ ?AT WE /UPID WOM5 HAVE 9ITIATIVE & ?AT IS ! PRODUCT ( ?\<T4 ,Y\ KN[ - WE ALSO ?9K 444 ,! FIR/ NUMB] ( ,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ] APPE>$ & ( C\RSE1 ALL HELL BROKE LOOSE3 ',EMANCIPATE WOM58 ,= :AT8' ',EMANCIPATE WOM58 ,NOT ON Y\R NELLY6' 444 ',LET \R EMANCIPATION COME FIR/1 & !N1 :5 WE M5 >E EMANCIPAT$ & FREE1 WE %ALL SEE AB\T Y\RS4'0 

,! $ITORS CONCLUD$ ?AT WOM5 CAN H>DLY RELY UPON M5 TO TAKE ! 9ITIATIVE 9 DEM&+ EQUALITY = WOM51 GIV5 ?IS K9D ( HO/ILE ATTITUDE4 ,! SAME ISSUE CONTA9S AN >TICLE 5TITL$ 0,TO ! ,CORRUPT]S ( ! ,IDEAL0 9 :I* M5 >E W>N$1 0,Y\ HAD BETT] UND]/& ONCE & = ALL ?AT \R MISSION IS NOT R$UCIBLE TO RAIS+ Y\R *ILDR5 & WA%+ Y\R CLO!S & ?AT WE ALSO HAVE A RI<T TO EMANCIPATE \RSELVES & TO BE FREE FROM ALL K9DS ( TUTELAGE1 :E!R ECONOMIC OR M>ITAL40 ,! $ITORIAL 9 ! ?IRD ISSUE EMPHASIZ$ ?AT !Y W]E ATTACK+ NOT MALE ,AN>*I/ COMRADES 9 G5]AL BUT ONLY ?OSE 0FALSE ,AN>*I/S0 :O FAIL$ TO DEF5D 0ONE ( ,AN>*ISM'S MO/ BEAUTIFUL IDEALS - ! EMANCIPATION ( WOM540 

,! $ITORS' \TRAGE WAS JU/IFI$ GIV5 ?AT ,AN>*ISM ADVOCAT$ FRE$OM & EQUALITY = ALL HUMANK9D1 NOT JU/ M54 ,AS WOM5 W]E OPPRESS$ BY PATRI>*Y !Y1 AS AN OPPRESS$ GR\P1 C\LD RI<TLY DEM& SUPPORT FROM FELL[ ,AN>*I/S 9 !IR /RUGGLE = EMANCIPATION4 ,H[EV]1 = MANY MALE AN>*I/S SU* ISSUES C\LD BE IGNOR$ UNTIL 0AFT] ! REVOLUTION0 A POSITION ! $ITORS ( ,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ] RI<TLY REJECT$ AS SELF-S]V+4 ,UNSURPRIS+LY1 ,AN>*ISM1 MORE ?AN O!R S*OOLS ( SOCIALISM ) !IR EMPHASIS ON ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION1 WAS ABLE TO ACCOMMODATE ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ PATRI>*Y4 ,H[EV]1 ?IS !ORETICAL SUPPORT = FEM9ISM WAS MORE (T5 ?AN NOT ASSOCIAT$ ) SEXISM 9 PRACTICE4 

,IT IS NOT DIFFICULT TO SEE :Y FEM9I/S W]E ATTRACT$ TO ,AN>*ISM & :Y !Y W]E SO RI<TLY OPPOS$ TO MALE AN>*I/ HYPOCRISY4 ,ITS KEY IDEAS /RESS ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ AU?ORITY1 9CLUD+ ! P[] EX]CIS$ OV] WOM5 9 M>RIAGE & ! FAMILY4 ,ALL AN>*I/S %\LD BE SEEK+ FRE$OM )9 RELATION%IPS4 ,! ,AN>*I/ EMPHASIS ON OPPRESSION & ON P[] RELATIONS OP5$ UP A SPACE )9 :I* WOM5 C\LD BE SE5 SIMULTANE\SLY AS ! VICTIMS ( CLASS SOCIETY & AS ! VICTIMS ( MALE AU?ORITY4 ,AS ,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ] EXPRESS$ IT 9 ITS F\R? ISSUE3 0,WE HATE AU?ORITY BECAUSE WE ASPIRE TO BE HUMAN BE+S & NOT MA*9ES DIRECT$ BY ! WILL ( 'ANO!R1' BE ?IS AU?ORITY1 RELIGION1 OR ANY O!R NAME40 ,ITS AIM IS BE/ SUMM$ UP :5 ONE ( ITS SUPPORT]S SIGN$ H]SELF 0,NO ,GOD1 ,NO ,BOSS1 ,NO ,HUSB&40 

,= MORE 9=MATION SEE ,MAX9E ,MOLYNEUX'S 0,NO ,GOD1 ,NO ,BOSS1 ,NO ,HUSB&3 ,AN>*I/ ,FEM9ISM 9 ,N9ETE5?-,C5TURY ,>G5T9A0 7,LAT9 ,AM]ICAN ,P]SPECTIVES1 ,VOL4 #a#c1 ,NO4 #a1 ,LAT9 ,AM]ICA'S ,N9ETE5?-,C5TURY ,HI/ORY1 ,W9T]1 #a#i#h#f7 ON :I* ?IS >TICLE IS BAS$4 

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,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #a#a1 #bba 3 ,NO ,GOD1 ,NO ,BOSS1 ,NO ,HUSB& -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #g1 #bbb 3 ,NO ,GOD1 ,NO ,BOSS1 ,NO ,HUSB& -- ,UPDAT$4 

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