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,! ,REPUBLICAN ,BASE ,IS 0,\T ( ,CONTROL0 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,NOAM ,*OMSKY 

,TEXT 3 

,! ,REPUBLICAN ,BASE ,IS 0,\T ( ,CONTROL0 

  

,C4 ,J4 ,P,O,L,Y,*,R,O,N,I,\3 ,NOAM1 P]HAPS BECAUSE MORE \TRAGE\S POLITICAL *>ACT]S >E DRAWN 9TO ,U,S POLITICS ?AN AT ANY O!R TIME 9 ! REC5T PA/1 WE HAVE BECOME WITNESSES ( SOME /RANGE DEVELOPM5TS1 SU* AS ,G,O,P C&IDATES ATTACK+ 0FREE TRADE0 AGREEM5TS & EV5 SOMEONE LIKE ,DONALD ,TRUMP HAV+ TURN$ AGA9/ HIS FELL[ BILLIONAIRES4 ,>E WE WITNESS+ ! 5D ( ! OLD ECONOMIC E/ABLI%M5T 9 ,AM]ICAN POLITICS8 

,N,O,A,M ,*,O,M,S,K,Y3 ,!RE IS SOME?+ NEW 9 ! #baf ELECTION1 BUT IT IS NOT ! APPE>ANCE ( C&IDATES :O FRI<T5 ! OLD E/ABLI%M5T4 ,?AT HAS BE5 HAPP5+ REGUL>LY4 ,IT TRACES BACK TO ! %IFT ( BO? P>TIES TO ! RI<T DUR+ ! NEOLIB]AL YE>S1 ! ,REPUBLICANS SO F> TO ! RI<T ?AT !Y >E UNABLE TO GET VOTES ) !IR ACTUAL POLICIES3 D$ICATION TO ! WELF>E ( ! V]Y RI* & ! CORPORATE SECTOR4 ,! ,REPUBLICAN LEAD]%IP HAS ACCORD+LY BE5 COMPELL$ TO MOBILIZE A POPUL> BASE ON ISSUES ?AT >E P]IPH]AL TO !IR CORE CONC]NS3 ! ,SECOND ,COM+1 0OP5 C>RY0 9 S*OOLS1 ,OBAMA AS A ,MUSLIM1 LA%+ \T AT ! WEAK & VICTIMIZ$1 & ! RE/ ( ! FAMILI> F>E4 ,! BASE ?AT !Y'VE PUT TOGE!R HAS REGUL>LY PRODUC$ C&IDATES UNACCEPTABLE TO ! E/ABLI%M5T3 ,BA*MANN1 ,CA91 ,SANTORUM1 ,HUCKABEE4 ,BUT ! E/ABLI%M5T HAS ALWAYS BE5 ABLE TO BEAT !M D[N 9 ! USUAL WAYS & GET !IR [N MAN 7,MITT ,ROMNEY74 ,:AT IS DIFF]5T ?IS TIME IS ?AT ! BASE IS \T ( CONTROL1 & ! E/ABLI%M5T IS ALMO/ GO+ B]S]K4 

,ANALOGIES %\LD NOT BE PRESS$ TOO F>1 BUT ! PH5OM5ON IS NOT UNFAMILI>4 ,! ,G]MAN 9DU/RIALI/S & F9ANCI]S W]E HAPPY TO USE ! ,NAZIS AS A WEAPON AGA9/ ! WORK+ CLASS & ! LEFT1 ASSUM+ ?AT !Y C\LD BE KEPT UND] CONTROL4 ,DIDN'T QUITE WORK \T ?AT WAY4 

,ALL ( ?IS ASIDE1 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES IS NOT IMMUNE TO ! G5]AL DECL9E ( ! MA9/REAM POLITICAL P>TIES ( ! ,WE/1 & ! GR[? ( POLITICAL 9SURG5CIES ON ! RI<T & LEFT 7?\< 0LEFT0 MEANS MOD]ATE SOCIAL DEMOCRACY1 9 PRACTICE7--ONE ( ! PR$ICTABLE CONSEQU5CES ( ! NEOLIB]AL POLICIES ?AT HAVE UND]M9$ DEMOCRACY & CAUS$ SUB/ANTIAL H>M TO MO/ ( ! POPULATION1 ! LESS PRIVILEG$ SECTORS4 ,ALL FAMILI>4 

,IT APPE>S ?AT BIG-TICKET CONS]VATIVE DONORS1 LIKE ! ,KO* BRO!RS1 >E TURN+ !IR BACK ON ! ,REPUBLICAN ,P>TY4 ,IF ?IS IS ACTUALLY TRUE1 :AT MI<T POSSIBLY BE ! EXPLANATION = ?IS DEVELOPM5T8 

,! REASON1 ,I ?9K1 IS ?AT !Y >E HAV+ A PROBLEM CONTROLL+ ! BASE !Y HAVE MOBILIZ$1 & >E SEEK+ SOME WAY TO AVOID A S]I\S BL[ TO !IR 9T]E/S4 ,IT W\LDN'T 5TIRELY SURPRISE ME IF !Y MANAGE SOMEH[ TO CONTROL ! ,REPUBLICAN ,NATIONAL ,CONV5TION & POSSIBLY EV5 BR+ 9 SOMEONE LIKE ,PAUL ,RYAN4 ,NOT A PROSPECT TO WELCOME1 9 MY OP9ION4 

,/ORIES AB\T WEAL?Y 9DIVIDUALS F9ANC+ POLITICIANS >E AS OLD AS ! C\NTRY ITSELF4 ,SO1 9 :AT WAYS HAS MONEY RE%AP$ ,AM]ICAN POLITICS 9 \R [N ]A8 

,NO?+ ?AT IS COMPLETELY NEW4 ,! /&>D S*OL>LY WORK ON ?IS TOPIC--,?OMAS ,F]GUSON'S \T/&+ /UDIES 9 HIS BOOK ,GOLD5 ,RULE & MORE REC5T PUBLICATIONS--TRACES ! PRACTICES & ! CONSEQU5CES BACK TO ! LATE N9ETE5? C5TURY1 ) P>TICUL>LY 9T]E/+ RESULTS ON ! ,NEW ,DEAL YE>S1 CONT9U+ TO ! PRES5T4 

,!RE >E ALWAYS NEW TWI/S4 ,ONE1 :I* ,F]GUSON HAS DISCUSS$1 DATES TO ,NEWT ,G+RI*'S MA*9ATIONS 9 ! #a#i#iS4 ,PRE/IGI\S & 9FLU5TIAL POSITIONS 9 ,CONGRESS US$ TO BE GRANT$ ON ! BASIS ( S5IORITY & P]CEIV$ A*IEVEM5T4 ,N[1 !Y >E BASICALLY B\<T1 :I* DRIVES CONGRESSIONAL REPRES5TATIVES EV5 DEEP] 9TO ! POCKETS ( ! RI*4 ,& ,SUPREME ,C\RT DECISIONS HAVE ACCEL]AT$ ! PROCESS4 

,9 ! PA/1 ! C&IDATE ) ! MO/ MONEY WON ALMO/ ALL ! TIME4 ,BUT ,DONALD ,TRUMP SEEMS TO HAVE *ANG$ ! RULES AB\T POLITICS 9 MONEY AS HE HAS ACTUALLY SP5T LESS MONEY ?AN HIS RIVALS4 ,HAS ! P[] ( MONEY SUDD5LY %RUNK 9 AN ELECTION YE> DOM9AT$ BY EXTREME VOICES8 

,DON'T KN[ ! EXACT FIGURES1 BUT ,TRUMP SEEMS TO BE PUTT+ PL5TY ( MONEY 9TO ! CAMPAIGN4 ,H[EV]1 IT IS /RIK+ H[ HUGE MONEY *E/S HAVE FAIL$4 ,JEB ,BU% IS ! CLE>E/ CASE4 ,!RE IS A V]Y 9T]E/+ >TICLE BY ,&REW ,COCKBURN AB\T ?IS 9 ! ,APRIL #baf ISSUE ( ,H>P]'S1 REVIEW+ /UDIES ?AT %[ ?AT AN 5ORM\S AM\NT ( ! MONEY P\R$ 9TO POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS ) ,T,V ADS1 & ! LIKE1 S]VES PRIM>ILY TO 5RI* ! NETWORKS & ! PR(ESSIONAL CONSULTANTS BUT ) LITTLE EFFECT ON VOT+4.<#e.> ,9 CONTRA/1 FACE-TO-FACE CONTACT & DIRECT CANVAS+1 :I* >E 9EXP5SIVE--BUT REQUIRE A LOT ( (T5 VOLUNTE] LABOR--DO HAVE A MEASURABLE IMPACT4 ,NOTE ?AT A SEP>ATE MATT] IS ! QUE/ION ( ! 9FLU5CE ( ! CAMPAIGN SP5D+ BY WEAL? & P[] ON POLICY DECISIONS1 ! K9D ( QUE/ION ?AT ,F]GUSON HAS 9VE/IGAT$4 

,:AT SPECIFIC ECONOMIC 9T]E/S W\LD Y\ SAY >E BE/ REPRES5T$ BY ,G,O,P C&IDATES 9 ! #baf ELECTION8 

,! SUP]-RI* & ! CORPORATE SECTOR1 EV5 MORE SO ?AN USUAL4 

,ONE ( ! GREAT MY?S 9 ,AM]ICAN POLITICAL CULTURE REVOLVES >\ND 0FREE-M>KET0 CAPITALISM4 ,! ,U,S ECONOMY IS NOT A 0FREE-M>KET0 ECONOMY1 AS MO/ LIB]T>IANS W\LD PO9T \T1 BUT ! QUE/ION IS :E!R !RE CAN BE A SY/EM ( 0FREE-M>KET0 CAPITALISM1 LET ALONE :E!R IT W\LD BE DESIRABLE TO HAVE ONE4 

,!RE HAVE BE5 EXAMPLES ( SOME?+ LIKE FREE-M>KET CAPITALISM4 ,! DI/+UI%$ ECONOMIC HI/ORIAN ,PAUL ,BAIRO* PO9TS \T ?AT 0!RE IS NO D\BT ?AT ! ,?IRD ,WORLD'S COMPULSORY ECONOMIC LIB]ALISM 9 ! N9ETE5? C5TURY IS A MAJOR ELEM5T 9 EXPLA9+ ! DELAY 9 ITS 9DU/RIALIZATION10 OR EV5 0DE9DU/RIALIZATION40 ,!RE >E MANY WELL-/UDI$ ILLU/RATIONS4 ,MEAN:ILE1 ,EUROPE & ! REGIONS ?AT MANAG$ TO /AY FREE ( ITS CONTROL DEVELOP$1 AS ,EUROPE ITSELF DID1 BY RADICAL VIOLATION ( !SE PR9CIPLES4 ,5GL& & ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES >E PRIME EXAMPLES1 AS IS ! ONE >EA ( ! GLOBAL ,S\? ?AT RESI/$ COLONIZATION & DEVELOP$3 ,JAPAN4 

,LIKE MANY O!R ECONOMIC HI/ORIANS1 ,BAIRO* CONCLUDES FROM A BROAD SURVEY ?AT 0IT IS DIFFICULT TO F9D ANO!R CASE :]E ! FACTS SO CONTRADICT A DOM9ANT !ORY0 AS ! DOCTR9E ?AT FREE M>KETS W]E ! 5G9E ( GR[?1 A H>% LESSON ?AT ! GLOBAL ,S\? HAS LE>N$ OV] ! YE>S1 AGA9 9 ! REC5T NEOLIB]AL P]IOD4 ,!RE >E CLASSIC /UDIES ( SOME ( ! 9H]5T PROBLEMS 9 0FREE M>KET0 DEVELOPM5T1 LIKE ,K>L ,POLYANI'S ,! ,GREAT ,TRANS=MATION1 ,RAJANI ,KAN?'S ,POLITICAL ,ECONOMY & ,LAISSEZ-,FAIRE1 & A SUB/ANTIAL LIT]ATURE 9 ECONOMIC HI/ORY & HI/ORY ( TE*NOLOGY4 

,!RE >E ALSO FUNDAM5TAL PROBLEMS ( UNREGULAT$ M>KETS1 SU* AS ! RE/RICTION ( *OICE ?AT !Y IMPOSE 7EXCLUD+ PUBLIC GOODS1 LIKE MASS TRANSPORTATION7 & !IR IGNOR+ ( EXT]NALITIES1 :I* BY N[ SPELLS VIRTUAL DOOM TO ! SPECIES4 

,A REC5T POLL %[$ ?AT MORE ?AN N9E 9 T5 ,AM]ICANS SAID !Y W\LD VOTE = A QUALIFI$ PRESID5TIAL C&IDATE :O IS ,CA?OLIC1 A WOMAN1 ,BLACK1 ,HISPANIC1 OR ,JEWI%1 BUT LESS ?AN HALF SAID !Y W\LD VOTE = A C&IDATE :O IS A SOCIALI/4 ,:Y IS SOCIALISM /ILL A TABOO 9 ?IS C\NTRY 7AL?\< ONE MU/ ADMIT ?AT SOCIALISM SEEMS TO BE DEAD VIRTUALLY EV]Y:]E ELSE TODAY 9 ! ,WE/]N WORLD78 

,A DIFFICULT QUE/ION TO DISCUSS1 BECAUSE ! WORD 0SOCIALISM0 7LIKE MO/ T]MS ( POLITICAL DISC\RSE7 HAS BE5 SO VULG>IZ$ & POLITICIZ$ ?AT IT IS NOT V]Y USEFUL4 ,! ESS5CE ( TRADITIONAL SOCIALISM WAS WORK]S' CONTROL OV] PRODUCTION1 ALONG ) POPUL> DEMOCRATIC CONTROL ( O!R COMPON5TS ( SOCIAL1 ECONOMIC1 & POLITICAL LIFE4 ,!RE WAS H>DLY A SOCIETY 9 ! WORLD MORE REMOTE FROM SOCIALISM ?AN ,SOVIET ,RUSSIA1 :I* IS PRES5T$ AS ! LEAD+ 0SOCIALI/0 SOCIETY4 ,IF ?AT'S :AT 0SOCIALISM0 IS1 !N WE \<T TO OPPOSE IT4 ,9 O!R USES1 ! PO/ (FICE1 NATIONAL HEAL? PROGRAMS1 & O!RS >E CALL$ 0SOCIALI/10 BUT !Y >E NOT OPPOS$ BY ! PUBLIC--9CLUD+ NATIONAL HEAL?1 SUPPORT$1 (T5 BY L>GE MAJORITIES1 = MANY YE>S 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 & /ILL TODAY4 ,! T]M 0SOCIALI/0 BECAME TABOO = REASONS ( ,COLD ,W> IDEOLOGY1 :I* DIVORC$ ! T]M FROM ANY USEFUL MEAN+4 

,!RE >E SIGNIFICANT ELEM5TS ( SOME?+ LIKE AU!NTIC SOCIALISM 9 ! ,WE/]N WORLD1 NOTABLY WORK]-[N$ 7& SOMETIMES MANAG$7 5T]PRISES1 COOP]ATIVES ) REAL P>TICIPATION1 & MU* ELSE4 ,I ?9K !Y CAN BE ?\<T ( 9 ,BAKUN9'S T]MS1 AS CREAT+ ! 9/ITUTIONS ( A MORE FREE & JU/ SOCIETY )9 ! PRES5T ONE4 

,!SE DAYS ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES SEEMS TO HAVE A COMP>ATIVE ADVANTAGE OV] O!R 0DEVELOP$0 C\NTRIES >\ND ! WORLD ONLY 9 MILIT>Y TE*NOLOGY4 ,9 FACT1 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES IS BEG9N+ TO RESEMBLE MORE & MORE A 0?IRD WORLD0 C\NTRY1 AT LEA/ ) REG>D TO ITS 9FRA/RUCTURE & ! EXT5T ( ! POV]TY & HOMELESSNESS AMONG A SIGNIFICANT & CON/ANTLY RIS+ PORTION ( ! POPULATION4 ,9 Y\R VIEW1 :AT FACTORS HAVE L$ TO ?IS DREADFUL /ATE ( AFFAIRS 9 :AT /ILL REMA9S A V]Y RI* C\NTRY8 

,! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES IS1 TO AN UNUSUAL EXT5T1 A BUS9ESS-RUN SOCIETY1 )\T ROOTS 9 TRADITIONAL SOCIETIES 9 :I*1 ) ALL !IR SEV]E FLAWS1 PEOPLE HAD SOME K9D ( PLACE4 ,ITS HI/ORY AS A SETTL]-COLONIAL & SLAVE SOCIETY HAS LEFT ITS SOCIAL & CULTURAL LEGACY1 ALONG ) O!R FACTORS1 SU* AS ! UNUSUAL ROLE ( RELIGI\S FUNDAM5TALISM4 ,!RE HAVE BE5 L>GE-SCALE1 RADICAL DEMOCRATIC MOVEM5TS 9 ,AM]ICAN HI/ORY1 LIKE ! AGR>IAN POPULI/ & MILITANT LABOR MOVEM5TS1 BUT !Y W]E MO/LY CRU%$1 (T5 ) CONSID]ABLE VIOL5CE4 

,ONE CONSEQU5CE IS :AT ,WALT] ,DEAN ,BURNHAM CALLS A 0CRUCIAL COMP>ATIVE PECULI>ITY ( ! ,AM]ICAN POLITICAL SY/EM3 ! TOTAL ABS5CE ( A SOCIALI/ OR LABORITE MASS P>TY AS AN ORGANIZ$ COMPETITOR 9 ! ELECTORAL M>KET40 ,HE %[$ ?AT ?IS ACC\NTS = MU* ( ! 0CLASS-SKEW$ AB/5TION RATES0 ?AT HE DEMON/RAT$ = ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 & ! D[NPLAY+ ( CLASS-RELAT$ ISSUES 9 ! L>GELY BUS9ESS-RUN POLITICAL SY/EM4 ,9 SOME WAYS ! SY/EM IS A LEGACY ( ! ,CIVIL ,W>1 :I* HAS NEV] REALLY BE5 OV]COME4 ,TODAY'S 0R$ /ATES0 >E SOLIDLY BAS$ 9 ! ,CONF$]ACY1 :I* WAS SOLIDLY ,DEMOCRATIC BE=E ! CIVIL RI<TS MOVEM5T & ,NIXON'S 0,S\!RN /RATEGY0 %IFT$ P>TY LABELS4 

,9 MANY WAYS ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES IS A V]Y FREE SOCIETY--ALSO 9 SOCIAL PRACTICES1 SU* AS LACK ( ! K9D ( RELATIONS ( DEF]5CE ?AT ONE (T5 F9DS ELSE:]E4 ,BUT ONE CONSEQU5CE ( ! COMPLEX AMALGAM IS ! SAD /ATE ( SOCIAL JU/ICE4 ,AL?\< AN EXTREMELY RI* SOCIETY1 ) 9COMP>ABLE ADVANTAGES1 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES RANKS V]Y L[ 9 MEASURES ( SOCIAL JU/ICE AMONG ! RI*] ,ORGANIZATION = ,ECONOMIC ,COOP]ATION & ,DEVELOPM5T 7,O,E,C,D7 SOCIETIES1 ALONGSIDE ( ,TURKEY1 ,MEXICO1 & ,GREECE4 ,9FRA/RUCTURE IS A DISA/]4 ,ONE CAN TAKE A HI<-SPE$ TRA9 9 O!R DEVELOP$ SOCIETIES1 OR FROM ,*9A TO ,KAZAKH/AN1 BUT NOT FROM ,BO/ON TO ,WA%+TON--MAYBE ! MO/ TRAVEL$ CORRIDOR--:]E !RE HASN'T BE5 MU* ( AN IMPROVEM5T S9CE ,I TOOK ! TRA9 SIXTY-FIVE YE>S AGO4 

,TRADITIONAL ,M>XI/S SPEAK ( HUMAN SOCIETY AS CONSI/+ ( TWO P>TS3 BASE & SUP]/RUCTURE4 ,W\LD Y\ SAY ?AT ! BASE DICTATES ! SUP]/RUCTURE 9 ,U,S SOCIETY8 

,DON'T HAVE MU* TO SAY4 ,I DON'T F9D ! FRAMEWORK P>TICUL>LY USEFUL4 ,:O HOLDS DOM9ANT DECISION-MAK+ P[] 9 ,U,S SOCIETY IS NOT V]Y OBSCURE AT A G5]AL LEVEL3 CONC5TRAT$ ECONOMIC P[]1 MO/LY 9 ! CORPORATE SY/EM4 ,:5 WE LOOK MORE CLOSELY1 IT IS ( C\RSE MORE COMPLEX1 & ! POPULATION IS BY NO MEANS P[]LESS :5 IT IS ORGANIZ$ & D$ICAT$ & LIB]AT$ FROM ILLUSIONS4 

,ORIG9ALLY PUBLI%$ 9 ,TRU?\T1 ,M>* #b#i1 #baf 

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,*RONOLOGY 3 
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