,*APT] #d 
,JOHANN ,MO/ 

#aidaid 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,GUY ,ALDR$ 

,TEXT 3 

 ,JOHN ,MO/ WAS BORN 9 ,BAV>IA ON ! #e? ( ,FEBRU>Y1 #a#h#d#f4 ,HE WAS A BOOKB9D] BY TRADE1 BUT [+ TO HIS ROAM+ DISPOSITION HE DELI<T$ 9 TRAMP+ FROM T[N TO T[N & C\NTRY TO C\NTRY4 ,9 ?IS WAY HE HAD A GOOD OPPORTUNITY ( GETT+ 9TO CONTACT ) ! ,WORK+ ,CLASS ,MOVEM5T1 & 9 #ahfi HE BECAME AN >D5T ,REPUBLICAN1 ,SOCIALI/ & ,A!I/4 

,AB\T ?IS TIME ,MO/ W5T TO ,VI5NA :]E1 = HIS SEV]E CRITICISM ( ! ,GOV]NM5T1 HE SP5T SEV]AL MON?S 9 PRISON4 ,!N1 ON HIS RELEASE1 HE TOOK P>T 9 ORGANIZ+ ! ,DEMON/RATION ( ,DECEMB]1 #a#h#f#i1 AT :I* AB\T #b1 WORK+ M5 DEM&$ ,MANHOOD ,SUFFRAGE1 ! RESULT ( :I* 5D$ 9 ! >RE/ ( ! LEAD]S1 AMONG :OM W]E JOHN ,MO/ & ,&REAS ,S*EU4 ,!Y W]E *>G$ ) ,HI< ,TREASON1 & AFT] A LONG TRIAL ,MO/ & ,S*EU W]E S5T5C$ TO SIX YE>S IMPRISONM5T4 ,9 ,FEBRU>Y1 #a#h#g#a1 AN UNEXPECT$ AMNE/Y LIB]AT$ ! PRISON]S1 BUT ,MO/ WAS EXPELL$ FROM ,AU/RIA4 

,9 ,MA9Z1 :]E HE $IT$ A ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC PAP]1 ,MO/1 AT ! REQUE/ ( ! WORK]S1 /OOD AS A ,MEMB] = ! ,REI*- /AG1 BELIEV+ HE C\LD EXPOSE ! POV]TY ( ! WORK]S & PROPAGATE HIS REM$Y--,REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALISM4 ,BUT1 TO HIS GREAT DISAPPO9TM5T1 HE F\ND ?AT HIS ,P>LIAM5T>Y EF=TS W]E UTT]LY FUTILE4 

,9 ,B]L9 9 #a#h#g#d1 ,MO/ DELIV]$ A SPEE* ON !4 ,P>IS ,COMMUNE1 & WAS IMM$IATELY >RE/$ & S5T5C$ TO TWO YE>S IMPRISONM5T4 ,ON ! EXPIRY ( HIS S5T5CE HE WAS GIV5 ! $ITOR%IP ( ! ,B]L9 ,FREE ,PRESS4 ! L>GE/ ,ORGAN ( ,G]MAN ,SOCIALISM4 ,UND] ! $ITOR%IP ( ,MO/1 ?IS PAP] BECAME REM>KABLE = ITS 9DEP5D5T TONE1 UNLIKE ! PAP]S $IT$ BY ! ,LASSALLEANS1 ,BEBEL & ,LIEBKNE*T4 ,HE ATTACK$ ! ,*RI/IAN ,SOCIALI/ ,MOVEM5T ) A VIGOR\S ,FREE?\<T ,PROPAG&A AMONG ,SOCIALI/S1 BE+ DET]M9$ ?AT ! VIRUS ( ! ,GOD ,IDEA %\LD BE COMPLETELY ELIM9AT$ FROM ! ,SOCIALI/ RANKS4 

,:ILE 9 PRISON 9 #a#h#g#h1 ! ,ANTI-,SOCIALI/ ,LAW WAS PASS$1 :I* MEANT1 ?AT UPON LIB]ATION1 ,MO/ WAS EXPELL$ FROM ,B]L94 ,ON HIS RELEASE FROM PRISON1 ,MO/ W5T TO ,LONDON1 :]E ! ,G]MAN ,COMMUNI/ ,WORK+ ,M5'S ,CLUB 5ABL$ HIM TO PUBLI% ,FREIHEIT 7,FRE$OM7----! PAP] :I* BECAME HIS REAL LIFE'S WORK4 ,! FIR/ NUMB] WAS ISSU$ ON ! #d? ( ,JANU>Y1 #a#h#g#i4 ,! PAP] WAS WRITT5 9 /RONG T]SE LANGUAGE :I* PLAC$ IT 9 ! =EFRONT ( ,G]MAN ,SOCIALI/ LIT]ATURE4 ,IT WAS =BIDD5 9 ,G]MANY1 BUT WAS SMUGGL$ 9TO ?AT C\NTRY BY V>I\S +5I\S ME?ODS4 ,IT WAS V]Y POPUL> AMONG ,G]MAN WORK]S :O W]E BE+ SATIAT$ BY ! SOPHI/RY ( ! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATS4 ,AS ! PAP] CONT9U$1 ITS PROGRESS DEVELOP$ FROM ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALISM TO ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNISM4 

,MO/1 ) ! HELP ( A FEW 5]GETIC COMRADES CONT9U$ TO PUBLI% ,FREIHEIT1 UNTIL ! ,5GLI% ,GOV]NM5T CAME TO ! ASSI/ANCE ( ,BISM>CK & PUT ,MO/ 9TO PRISON UND] ! PRETEXT ?AT HIS >TICLE 5TITL$ 0,5DLI*60 7,AT ,LA/67---ON ! EXECUTION ( ,ALEX&] ,I,I4 ( ,RUSSIA BY ! ,NIHILI/S - - 9CIT$ TO ! MURD] ( K+S 9 G5]AL4 ,?IS WAS 9 ,M>*1 #a#h#h#a4 ,9 SPITE ( ! 9DIGNATION ( ,RADICALS & ,SOCIALI/S AT ?IS ,PRESS P]SECUTION1 & ! ELOQU5T SPEE* = ! DEF5SE BY ,A4 ,M4 ,SULLIVAN1 ,M4,P41 ,LORD ,COL]IDGE S5T5C$ ,MO/ TO EI<TE5 MON?S H>D LABOR4 

,!RE CAN BE NO D\BT ?AT ,MO/'S PROSECUTION WAS URG$ UPON ! !N ,BRITI% ,GOV]NM5T BY ,BISM>CK4 ,ALEX&] LL4 WAS KILL$ BY ,R\SAK(F1 ,SOPHIE ,P]OVSKAYA1 & SOME O!R ,NIHILI/S4 ON ,M>* #a#c1 #a#h#h#a4 ,MO/ ISSU$ HIS ,FREIHEIT1 9 ,G]MAN1 FROM ! ,ROSE ,/REET ,CLUB ON ,SATURDAY1 ,M>* #a#i4 ,SURR\ND$ BY ,RUSSIAN & ,G]MAN REFUGEES1 ! VICTIMS & 5EMIES ( ,ABSOLUTE ,GOV]NM5T1 ,MO/ REJOIC$ 9 ?IS ACT ( T]RORISM4 ,HE EXPRESS$ HIS V[ ?AT ?IS KILL+ WAS NO MURD]4 A VIEW HELD BY TYRANNICIDES D[N ! AGES4 ,! DANG] ( ?IS VIEW IS ?AT IT WAS SUBSCRIB$ TO BY ! ASSASS9 ( ,ABRAHAM ,L9COLN & 9 ! CASE ( ! MO/ FAM\S ( ,AM]ICAN ,PRESID5TS1 APPE>S MORE LIKE AN ACT ( LIB]TICIDE ?AN TYRANNICIDE4 ,! ,CZ>'S TYRANNY WAS A FACT BEYOND DISPUTE1 AL?\< ! WISDOM ( ! ASSASS9ATION CAN BE QUE/ION$4 ,! ,FREIHEIT1 APPLAUD+ ! DE$ AS AN EXECUTION1 REA*$ ,G]MANY1 & CAME TO ! NOTICE ( ,BISM>CK4 ,HE COMPLA9$ TO ,E>L ,GRANVILLE & ,MO/ WAS PROSECUT$4 

,MO/ WAS >RE/$4 ,ALL HIS PAP]S & DOCUM5TS W]E SEIZ$4 ,HE WAS HURRI$ TO ,B[ ,/REET1 COMMITT$ = TRIAL1 & REFUS$ BAIL4 ,:IL/ 9 PRISON1 AWAIT+ TRIAL1 HE WAS DRAGG$ =CIBLY TO ,*UR*1 DESPITE HIS PROTE/S ?AT HE WAS AN ,A!I/4 ,HE WAS MADE TO WE> PRISON G>B & COMPELL$ TO DO H>D LABOR4 ,!RE CAN BE NO D\BT ?AT HIS TREATM5T WAS ILLEGAL4 

,ON ! >RE/ ( ,MO/1 MEMB]S ( ! ,ROSE ,/REET ,CLUB1 ) SYMPA?IZ]S \TSIDE1 ISSU$ A PROTE/ & AN APPEAL = ASSI/ANCE1 & A ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE WAS =M$4 ,?IS ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE1 :OSE MOV+ SPIRIT WAS ,FRANK ,RITZ1 CONSI/$ ( SOME HALF-DOZ5 COMRADES4 AB\T AS POOR AS C\LD BE4 NONE ( :OM WAS 9 RECEIPT ( MORE ?AN ?IRTY %ILL+S 9COME P] WEEK4 ,MEET+S W]E ORGANIZ$1 A FUND WAS />T$1 BUT ITS GREATE/ & BOLDE/ A*IEVEM5T WAS ! LAUN*+ ( A WEEKLY PAP]1 ,! ,FREIHEIT1 9 ,5GLI%4 ,! SECOND NUMB] CONTA9$ 9 FULL1 & 9 ,5GLI%1 ! >TICLE = :I* ,MO/ WAS BE+ PROSECUT$1 & :I*1 ( C\RSE1 9 ,MO/'S ,FREIHEIT WAS 9 ,G]MAN4 ,?IS NUMB] WAS SOLD \TSIDE ! ,OLD ,BAILEY :IL/ ,MO/ WAS UND]GO+ HIS TRIAL )94 

,! ,FREIHEIT RAN TO SEV5 NUMB]S1 FROM ,APRIL #b#d? TO ,JUNE #e?1 #a#h#h#a1 & !N CEAS$ = WANT ( FUNDS1 HAV+ ACCOMPLI%$ MU* 9 ! WAY ( DEF5SE1 & = SEV5 WEEKS ! DISSEM9ATION ( ,SOCIALI/ PR9CIPLES4 

,! TRIAL WAS HELD AT ! ,C5TRAL ,CRIM9AL ,C\RT ON ,MAY #b#e?4 #a#h#h#a1 ! *>GES BE+ LIBEL & 9CIT+ TO MURD]4 ,! 9DICT- M5T COV]$ =TY-TWO PAGES ( CLOSELY-WRITT5 L>GE BRIEF PAP]4 & CONTA9$ TWELVE C\NTS1 *>G+1 AMONG O!R ?+S1 ) 5C\RAG+ P]SONS TO MURD] ,ALEX&] ,I,I4 ( ,RUSSIA & ,WILLIAM ,EMP]OR ( ,G]MANY4 ,TO ANY P]SON ( ORD9>Y COMMON S5SE ! :OLE TRIAL1 ) ITS LEGAL J>GON1 WAS SIMPLY LUDICR\S4 ,MO/ HAD COMM5T$ ON AN ASSASS9ATION ( :I* HE HAD NO PREVI\S KN[L$GE4 ,HE MO/ C]TA9LY DID NOT 9CITE ANYONE TO ASSASS9ATE ! ,KAIS]4 

,ONE C\NT *>G$ ,MO/ ?AT HE 0DID UNLAWFULLY1 KN[+LY1 WILLFULLY & WICK$LY 5C\RAGE ,*>LES ,$W>D ,M>R TO MURD] ! ,SOV]EIGNS1 ETC41 AGA9/ ,/ATUTE & PEACE1 ETC40 ,ANO!R C\NT *>G$ ,MO/ ?AT HE 0DID UNLAWFULLY1 ETC41 ETC41 P]SUADE ,*>LES ,$W>D ,M>R TO MURD] ! ,SOV]EIGNS1 ETC41 ETC410 

,! ,ATTORNEY-,G5]AL1 ! ,SOLICITOR-,G5]AL1 ,MR4 ,POL&1 ,MR4 ,A4 ,L4 ,SMI?1 & ,MR4 ,DANCKW]TS APPE>$ = ! PROSECUTION = ! ,CR[N3 ,MR4 ,A4 ,M4 ,SULLIVAN WAS C\NSEL = ! DEF5SE4 

,AFT] A MO/ ELOQU5T SPEE* = ! DEF5SE & A FEW WORDS FROM ,LORD ,*IEF ,JU/ICE ,COL]IDGE1 ! JURY RETIR$1 & 9 AB\T TW5TY M9UTES RETURN$ ) A V]DICT ( ,GUILTY ON ALL C\NTS4 ,S5T5CE WAS PO/PON$ TO DET]M9E A LEGAL QUIBBLE AS TO :E!R ! ,ACT UND] :I* ,MO/ WAS 9DICT$ REALLY APPLI$ TO HIM OR HIS (F5SE4 ,?IS1 H[EV]1 WAS A =EGONE CONCLUSION1 & ON ,JUNE #b#i? ,MO/ WAS BR\<T UP & S5T5C$ AS /AT$4 ,COMM5T+ ON ! CASE1 ! CONDUCT ( ! TRIAL1 ! TREATM5T TO :I* ,MO/ WAS SUBJECT$1 ETC41 ! ,DAILY ,NEWS1 !N A REALLY VALUABLE ORGAN ( ,RADICAL OP9ION1 SAID 3--- 

0,9 ! FACE ( A RECOMM5DATION TO M]CY FROM ! JURY1 ,MO/1 :O HAS BE5 LY+ = MON?S ALREADY 9 PRISON1 HAS BE5 AW>D$ A P5ALTY :I*4 TO AN $UCAT$ MAN (' S$5T>Y HABITS IS AS SEV]E AS EV5 ,LORD ,COL]IDGE'S IMAG9ATION CAN PICTURE40 

,B5NET ,BURLEI<1 :O LAT] BECAME FAM\S AS A J\RNALI/1 PUBLI%$ A PAMPHLET REPORT ( ! TRIAL4 ,HE CONCLUD$ HIS PREFATORY REM>KS ) !SE PROPHETIC WORDS 3 --- 

0,A DAY ( RECKON+ MU/ COME4 ,LET ?OSE :O >E FALSE TO FRE$OM RECOLLECT ?AT IS C]TA94 ,:5 ! PEOPLE AWAK5 ! MI<TY WILL FAIL & CONTEMPT HE P\R$ UPON !M LIKE WAT]40 

,DUR+ ,MO/'S IMPRISONM5T1 #a#h#h#a-#a#h#h#b1 ! ,FREIHEIT APPE>$ REGUL>LY4 ,MO/ WAS A REGUL> CONTRIBUTOR & CONTRIV$ TO PASS HIS COPY ?R\< PRISON B>S4 

,! NEXT PROSECUTION ( ! PAP] WAS CAUS$ BY AN >TICLE APPROV+ ( ! KILL+ ( ,CAV5DI% & ,BURKE1 9 ,PH5IX ,P>K1 ,DUBL94 ,?IS TIME ! COMPOSITORS ( ! PAP]1 ,S*WELM & ,M]T51 W]E S5T5C$ TO LONG T]MS ( H>D LABOR4 ,! NEXT TWO ISSUES W]E PUBLI%$ 9 ,SWITZ]L&1 & :5 ,MO/ LEFT PRISON 9 ! AUTUMN ( #a#h#h#b1 HE ACCEPT$ ! 9VITATION ( ! ,NEW ,YORK ,G]MAN ,COMRADES TO COME TO ,AM]ICA1 & PUBLI% ! ,FREIHEIT !RE4 ,FROM ?IS TIME UNTIL HIS DEA?1 ,AM]ICA WAS HIS ,>5A ( ,PROPAG&A4 

,FROM #a#h#h#b-#a#h#h#g ! ,FREIHEIT WAS AT ITS Z5I?4 ,!N CAME ! 0,DRAMA ( ,*ICAGO40 ,IT WAS =TUNATE ?AT ,MO/ WAS 9 PRISON AT ! TIME ( ! >RE/ ( ! ,*ICAGO COMRADES AS HE W\LD PROBABLY HAVE BE5 >RE/$ & HANG$ ) ,SPIES1 ,P>SONS & !IR CONFR]ES4 ,! REASON ( HIS IMPRISONM5T WAS A FALSE PRESS REPORT ( A LECTURE HE DELIV]$ 9 ,NEW ,YORK1 RESULT+ 9 HIS BE+ S5T TO ! ,P5IT5TI>Y = A YE>4 

,ON ! #a#b? ( ,NOVEMB]1 ! DAY AFT] ! MURD] ( ! ,*ICAGO ,AN>*I/S1 ,MO/1 EXPRESS+ HIS DEEP SYMPA?Y = ! LOSS ( HIS BRAVE COMRADES1 DELIV]$ A SPEE*1 :I* WAS BY NO MEANS ( AN 9C5DI>Y NATURE---9DE$ ITS MOD]ATION SEEM$ TO BE /UDI$----BUT SO EAG] W]E ! POLICE TO LAY H&S ON ALL ,LABOR ,ADVOCATES AT ?IS TIME1 ?AT !Y HAD ,MO/ >RE/$ & S5T5C$ TO #ab MON?S IMPRISONM5T = A SO-CALL$ 9C5DI>Y SPEE*4 

,:5EV] A ,REVOLUTION>Y ACT WAS COMMITT$ 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 ! ,NEW ,YORK ,PRESS CALL$ = ! >RE/ ( ,MO/4 ,A PRETEXT WAS F\ND = HIS P]SECUTION ON ! ASSASS9ATION ( ,MC,K9LEY1 :5 HE GOT ANO!R #ab MON?S IMPRISONM5T4 ,MO/ ACCEPT$ ?IS P]SECUTION AS IF IT W]E ALL 9 ! DAY'S WORK4 

,HE FLAUNT$ ! ,BANN] ( ,AN>*Y BE=E ! ,CITADEL ( ,CAPITALISM UNTIL HIS DEA?4 AT ! AGE ( SIXTY1 ON ! #a#g? ( ,M>*1 #a#i#f1 AT ,C9C9NATI1 :ILE ON A LECTUR+ T\R4 

,JOHN ,MO/'S LA/ WORDS W]E *>ACT]I/IC ( ! MAN4 ,HE REA*$ ,C9C9NATI FIVE DAYS BE=E HIS DEA?1 FEEL+ UNWELL1 SO BAD ?AT HIS FRI5DS BECAME AL>M$1 BUT HE W\LD NOT GIVE 94 ,:ILE TRAVEL+ HE HAD CONTRACT$ A COLD1 :I* ! ADV]SE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS BR\<T TO A HEAD4 ,/ILL1 HE ?\<T ?AT A FEW DAYS RE/ AMONG HIS FRI5DS W\LD 5ABLE HIM ONCE AGA9 TO />T ON HIS T\R ( 0,AGITATION40 ,BUT ?IS WAS ! LA/ RALLY BE=E ! 5D :I* CAME QUICKLY & PEACEFULLY4 0,LET ME GO \T--- ,I MU/ GO \T & SPEAK0 W]E HIS LA/ WORDS1 & ) !M HE PASS$ AWAY4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG @& ,REVOLT,LIB4COM @& ,AN>*Y,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aici 3 ,*APT] #d -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,SEPTEMB] #b#b1 #bba 3 ,*APT] #d -- ,ADD$4 

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