,*APT] #f 
,*ICAGO'S ,R$ ,M>TYRS 

#aidaid 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,GUY ,ALDR$ 

,TEXT 3 

0,= ! N9ETE5? C5TURY HAS PRODUC$ !SE M5 --- M5 :O B[$ AT NO %R9E1 ACKN[L$G$ NO ,GOD1 BELIEV$ 9 NO H]EAFT]1 & YET W5T AS PR\DLY & TRIUMPHANTLY TO ! GALL[S AS EV] DID ,*RI/IAN M>TYR ( OLD40 

--,VOLTAIR9E DE ,CLEYRE1 ,NOVEMB]1 #a#h#i#e4 

0,LET NO ATTEMPT BE MADE TO AV]T ! F9AL TRAG$Y ( ! #a#a? ,NOVEMB]1 MAKE NO EF=T TO AV5GE \R DEA?S40 

--,/ATEM5T ISSU$ BY CONDEMN$ ,AN>*I/S A FEW DAYS BE=E EXECUTION4 

------- 

   ,HANG$ #a#a? ,NOVEMB]1 #ahhg 

,A,L,B,],T ,R4 ,P,>,S,O,N,S4---,BORN #b#d? ,JUNE1 #a#h#d#h1 AT ,MONTGOM]Y1 ,ALABAMA4 ,ORPHAN$4 ,ADOPT$ BY HIS BRO!R1 ,MAJOR-,G5]AL ,W4 ,H4 ,P>SONS1 ( ! ,CONF$]ATE ,>MY1 & $UCAT$ AT ! LATT]'S HOME1 ,TYL]1 ,TEXAS1 #a#h#e#c4 ,PR9T]'S APPR5TICE1 #a#h#e#i4 ,JO9$ ! ,CONF$]ATE ,>MY1 #a#h#f#a4 ,E/ABLI%$ A WEEKLY NEWSPAP] AT ,WACO1 ,TEXAS1 #a#h#f#h4 ,?IS FAIL$1 & HE BECAME TRAVEL+ CORRESPOND5T = ! ,H\/ON ,DAILY ,TELEGRAPH4 ,ID5TIFI$ HIMSELF ) ,REPUBLICAN ,P>TY1 & BECAME 0,SECRET>Y ( ! ,/ATE ,S5ATE UND] ! ,F$]AL ,GOV]NM5T4 ,M>RI$ DAU<T] ( AN ,9DIAN *IEF1 AT ,H\/ON1 9 #a#h#g#b4 ,DISC>D$ BY HIS BRO!R & FRI5DS 9 CONSEQU5CE4 ,MIGRAT$ TO ,*ICAGO 9 #a#h#g4#c4 ,9T]E/$ HIMSELF 9 ,SOCIALISM1 #a#h#g#d4 JO9$ ! ,KNI<TS ( ,LABOR1 #a#h#g#f4 ,P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! ,GREAT ,RAILWAY ,/RIKE & BRUTALLY TREAT$ BY POLICE1 #a#h#g#g4 ,WORK$ AS COMPOSITOR & J\RNALI/1 BUT SUFF]$ REPEAT$ VICTIMIZATION = HIS RADICAL OP9IONS4 ,TWO YE>S )\T ANY REGUL> WORK & HIS FAMILY SUFF]$ MU* PRIVATION4 ,LEFT ! P>LIAM5T>Y ,LABOR P>TY4 ,DELEGATE TO ! ,LABOR ,CONGRESS1 :]E ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK+ ,PEOPLE'S ,ASSOCIATION WAS F\ND$ ON ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/ ,PR9CIPLES1 #a#h#h#a4 ,$IT$ ,AL>M1 #a#h#h#d1 TO ITS SUPPRESSION 9 ,MAY1 #a#h#h#f4 ,9DICT$ = CONSPIRACY SAME MON? & VOLUNT>ILY SURR5D]$ HIMSELF 9 JUDGE ,G>Y'S ,C\RT1 ,JUNE #ba ( ?AT YE>4 

,LOMBROSO COMPLA9$ ?AT ,P>SONS LACK$ MORAL S5SIBILITY1 BECAUSE1 AT AN ,AN>*I/ MEET+1 HE SAID3 0,/RANGLE ! SPIES1 & ?R[ !M \T ( ! W9D[S40 

,ADOLPH ,FIS*] -- ,BORN ,BREM51 ,G]MANY1 #a#h#f4 ,$UCAT$ AT A COMMON S*OOL4 ,EMIGRAT$ TO ,AM]ICA1 #a#h#g#e1 & LE>N$ ! PR9T+ TRADE AT ,NA%VILLE1 ,T541 9 ! (FICE ( A ,G]MAN PAP] CONDUCT$ BY HIS BRO!R4 ,ACQUIR$ AN 9T]E/ 9 A ,G]MAN PAP] AT ,LITTLE ,ROCK1 ,>K4 ,MOV$ TO ,/4 ,L\IS1 :]E HE M>RI$1 WORK$ AT ! CASE & BECAME KN[N = HIS EXTREME ,SOCIALISM1 #a#h#h#a4 ,MIGRAT$ TO ,*ICAGO1 :]E HE WORK$ ON ! ,G]MAN PAP] ,AN>RIZI/1 & F\ND EMPLOYM5T AS A COMPOSITOR 9 ! (FICE ( ! ,>BEIT] ,ZEITUNG4 ,HE WAS A /]N1 ZEAL\S1 & UNCOMPLA9+ REVOLUTIONI/ & HAD RECEIV$ AN E>LV 9SI<T 9TO ! ROTT5NESS ( SOCIETY FROM HIS FA!R4 :O WAS A MEMB] ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY ( ,BREM54 

,9T]VIEW$ BY ,BLACK1 9 ! ,COOK ,C\NTY ,JAIL1 IMM$IATELY AFT] ! V]DICT1 ,FIS*] SAID3----0L AM READY TO DIE = ! CAUSE ( ! PEOPLE40 

,HIS LA/ WORDS W]E3 0,HURRAH = ,AN>*Y6 ,?IS IS ! HAPPIE/ MOM5T ( MY LIFE40 

,DY] ,D4 ,LUM COMM5T$ ON !M AT ! TIME AS FOLL[S3--- 0LN SO EXALT$ A /ATE W]E !Y 7! F\R ,AN>*I/S71 SURE ?AT DEA? BY ! GALL[S WAS BUT A MEANS ( SPREAD+ FUR!R 9TO ! HE>TS ( ! PEOPLE !Y LOV$ ! IDEAS AP>T FROM :I* !Y HAD NO LIFE1 ?AT IT WAS EXACTLY ! TRU? :5 ,FIS*] SAID3 0,?IS IS ! HAPPIE/ MOM5T ( MY LIFE4 ,& ?OSE :O SAW HIS FACE SAY IT %ONE ) A :ITE LI<T ON ! SCAFFOLD40 

,A,U,G,U,/ ,!,O,D,O,R,E ,V,9,C,5,T ,S,P,I,E,S4----,BORN ON #a? ,DECEMB]1 #a#h#e#e1 AT ,FREIDWALD1 ,G]MANY4 ,SON ( A =E/]1 AT ?AT TIME 9 ,G]MANY1 A ,GOV]NM5T (FICIAL4 ,$UCAT$ BY PRIVATE TUTORS = ! ,POLYTE*NICUM1 :]E HE /UDI$ ! SCI5CE ( =E/ CULTURE4 ,ADOPT$ HIS FA!R'S PR(ESSION4 ,HAD READ ALL ! GREAT ,G]MAN CLASSICS1 /UDI$ ,KANT & ,HEGEL1 & BECAME A RELIGI\S SKEPTIC4 #a#h#f#i4 ,AB&ON$ HIS /UDIES & DECID$ TO JO9 HIS RELATIVES 9 ,AM]ICA1 #a#h#g#a1 [+ TO ! DEA? ( HIS FA!R4 ,LE>N$ ! UPHOL/]Y TRADE 9 ,NEW ,YORK4 ,PROCE$$ TO ,*ICAGO1 ,OCTOB]1 #a#h#g#b4 JO9$ ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LABOR ,P>TY1 #a#h#g#f4 ,BECAME A ,SOCIALI/ C&IDATE & BELIEV$ 9 P>LIAM5T>Y ACTION TILL #a#h#h1 :5 HE BECAME $ITOR ( ! ,>BEIT] ,ZEITUNG4 ,REPUDIAT$ P>LIAM5T>ISM = ! ECONOMIC /RUGGLE ONLY4 ,UNM>RI$4 ,SUPPORT$ HIS MO!R & SI/]4 

,KN[+ ?AT IT W\LD BE REJECT$ SO F> AS HE WAS CONC]N$1 ,SPIES SIGN$ ! PETITION TO ,GOV]NOR ,OGLESBY1 9 ! HOPE ?AT IT W\LD 9FLU5CE ,P>SONS TO PETITION4 ,HIS LETT] TO ,OGLESBY WAS *>ACT]I/IC4 ,HE SAID ?AT HE REALIZ$ FULLY ?AT POPUL> S5TIM5T DEM&$ SOME:AT 9 ! NATURE ( RETRIBUTION = ! LOSS ( LIFE AT ! ,HAYM>KET3 & SOME SACRIFICE HAS TO BE MADE TO ?AT OV]:ELM+ PUBLIC DEM&4 ,?AT HI/ORIC EV5T HAD MADE %IPWRECK ( ! MOVEM5T 9 :I* HE & HIS COMRADES W]E 5GAG$1 & TO :I* !Y HAD DEVOT$ & W]E DEVOT+ !IR EV]Y 5]GY4 ,IT W\LD BE REALIZ$1 !RE=E1 ?AT !Y W]E FREE ( ANY 9T5TIONAL RESPONSIBILITY4 ,HE PLEAD$ ) ,GOV]NOR ,OGLESBY4 !RE=E4 TO EXT5D EXECUTIVE CLEM5CY TO HIS COMRADES 9 ! TRIAL & JUDGM5T1 & TO LET HIM 7,SPIES7 BE ! SACRIFICE ( ! H\R4 

,SPIES' LA/ WORDS W]E3 0,!RE WILL COME A TIME :5 \R SIL5CE WILL BE MORE P[]FUL ?AN ! VOICES Y\ /RANGLE TO-DAY40 

,G,E,O,R,G,E ,5,G,E,L,L--,BORN #a#e? ,APRIL1 #a#h#c#f1 ,CASSEL1 ,G]MANY4 ,HIS FA!R1 A MASON & BRICKLAY]1 DI$ :IL/ ,GEORGE WAS /ILL AN 9FANT4 ,HIS MO!R1 ) F\R Y\NG *ILDR5 TO KEEP4 /RUGGL$ ON AGA9/ POV]TY4 ,%E DI$ :5 HE WAS TWELVE4 ,EXP]I5C$ HUNG] & />VATION TILL A ,FRANK=D PA9T] TAU<T HIM HIS TRADE & GAVE HIM A HOME DUR+ HIS APPR5TICE%IP4 ,EMIGRAT$ TO ,PHILADELPHIA1 #a#h#g#c4 ,SAW ! ,AM]ICAN MILITIA EMPLOY$ AGA9/ />V+ M9]S4 ,FELL SICK & LO/ HIS SAV+S4 ,MIGRAT$ TO ,*ICAGO2 /UDI$ SOCIALISM & BECAME AN ,AN>*I/4 ,SAW ! BALLOT-BOX ACTUALLY /OL5 & 0CORRECT$0 AFT] A ,*ICAGO ELECTION4 :]E9 ! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATS HAD A MAJORITY ( VOTES4 ,C\RTS REFUS$ TO CANCEL ! ELECTION ?US SECUR$4 ,WAS ONE ( ! MO/ ACTIVE WORK]S 9 ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK+ ,PEOPLE'S ,ASSOCIATION4 

,5GEL WAS BR\<T TO ! /UDY ( ,SOCIALISM ?R\< ACTIVE ,ANTI-,SOCIALI/ PROPAG&A4 ,AFT] HIS FIR/ >RE/ HE WAS RELEAS$ ON ! GOOD WORD ( ,CORON] ,H]G1 :O DECL>$ ?AT HE HAD KN[N ,5GEL = YE>S AS A QUIET & WELL-BEHAV$ CITIZ54 

,5GEL1 ON ! SCAFFOLD1 TRIUMPHANTLY EXCLAIM$3 0,HURRAH = ,AN>*Y60 

,COMMITT$ ,SUICIDE8  #a? ,NOVEMB]1 #a#h#h#g4 

,L,\,I,S ,L,+,G4--,BORN ,S*WETZ+51 ,G]MANY1 #i? ,SEPTEMB]4 #a#h#f#f4 ,APPR5TICE TO A C>P5T]4 ,EMIGRAT$ TO ,AM]ICA4 #ahhe ,W5T TO ,*ICAGO2 JO9$ ! UNION ( HIS TRADE1 & BECAME ONE ( ! *IEF ORGANIZ]S ( ! EI<T-H\R MOVEM5T4 ,BELIEV$ ?AT ! GREAT REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE WAS AT H&1 & ?AT ! PEOPLE NE$$ >MS TO MEET ! OP5 VIOL5CE ( !IR OPPRESSORS4 ,/UDI$ EXPLOSIVES & MADE A SUPPLY ( BOMBS = USE 9 CASE ( NE$4 ,IS SUPPOS$ TO HAVE BL[N HIMSELF UP 9 HIS CELL4 

,RELEAS$ ,UNCONDITIONALLY1 AS ,BE+ ! ,VICTIMS ( ,FALSE ,IMPRISONM5T1 ,JUNE1 #ahic 

,S,5,T,5,C,$ ,T,O #ae ,Y,E,>,S ,I,M,P,R,I,S,O,N,M,5,T 

,O,S,C,> ,N,E,E,B,E4----,BORN 9 ,PHILADELPHIA1 ( ,G]MAN P>5TS1 #a#h#e4 ,HAD E/ABLI%$ A PROSP]\S BUS9ESS 9 ,*ICAGO1 9 ! SALE ( YEA/ TO GROC]S & TRAD]S4 ,ID5TIFI$ HIMSELF ) ! CAUSE ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE & EX]T$ HIMSELF ON ITS BEHALF DAY & NI<T ) UNTIR+ 5]GY4 ,KNEW NO?+ ( ,HAYM>KET MEET+4 ,%ORTLY AFT] HIS S5T5CE ( FIFTE5 YE>S' IMPRISONM5T1 HIS WIFE DI$ ( ANXIETY4 ,NEEBE WAS P]MITT$ A LA/ LOOK AT H] REMA9S UND] (FICIAL ESCORT4 

,DEA? ,S5T5CE ,COMMITT$ ON ,PETITION TO #ae ,YE>S ,IMPRISONM5T 

,S,A,M,U,E,L ,F,I,E,L,D,54 ,BORN ON #b#e? ,FEBRU>Y1 #a#h#d#g1 AT ,TODMORD51 ,LANCA%IRE4 ,HIS FA!R WAS A WEAV] BY TRADE1 A MAN ( F9E PHYSIQUE & MORE ?AN AV]AGE 9TELLIG5CE1 :O TOOK P>T 9 ! ,*>TI/ MOVEM5T )\T -BECOM+ V]Y PROM95T 9 IT4 ,HE WAS RELAT$ TO ,FIELD51 ! ,*>TI/ ORATOR1 :O SECUR$ SOME DI/9CTION AS ,M4,P41 A F\ND] ( ! ,CONSUM]S ,COOP]ATIVE ,SOCIETY1 & A PRIME MOV] 9 ! ,SOCIETY ( ,ODDFELL[S4 ,?IS ,FIELD5 AGITAT$ ! QUE/ION ( AGRICULTURAL L&S = WORK+ M5 9 ,BRITA94 ,IT CAN BE EASILY UND]/OOD1 !RE=E1 ?AT ! ,FIELD5 H\SE ON ,SUNDAY WAS ! MEET+ PLACE ( AN ADVANC$ GR\P ( P]SONS :O DISCUSS$ V>I\S SOCIAL SUBJECTS4 ,!SE MEET+S FIR/ GAVE HIM HIS TA/E = ! /UDY ( ,SOCIOLOGY4 

,SP5T A NUMB] ( YE>S 9 A COTTON MILL4 ,BECAME A ,SUNDAY ,S*OOL TEA*]1 & BECOM+ A RELIGI\S 5?USIA/1 P]AMBULAT$ ! T[NS ( ,LANCA%IRE AS A ,ME?ODI/ PREA*]4 

,EMIGRAT$ TO ,AM]ICA 9 #a#h#f#h1 SETTL+ 9 ,NEW ,YORK4 ,W5T TO ,*ICAGO1 #a#h#f#i1 !N TO ,>KANSAS & ,L\ISIANA1 :]E HE WORK$ AT RAILROAD CON/RUCTION4 ,RETURN$ TO ,*ICAGO & WORK$ AS TEAM/] 9 H&L+ /ONE1 #a#h#g#a4 ,HAD CONT9U$ HIS PREA*+ BUT REALIZ$1 9 ,*ICAGO1 ?AT SOME?+ WAS WRONG4 JO9$ ! ,LIB]AL ,LEAGUE1 #a#h#h4 ,CONV]T$ TO ,SOCIALISM BY ,GEORGE ,S*ILL+4 

,ON HIS RELEASE BY ,ALTGELD1 SETTL$ ) HIS WIFE & *ILDR5 ON A F>M 9 ,COLORADO4 

  

,*ICAGO ,AN>*I/ ,MEMORIAL1 ,WALDHEIM ,CEMET]Y1 ,*ICAGO ,?REE DAYS BE=E ! EXECUTION ( ,P>SONS1 ,SPIES1 ,FIS*]1 & ,5GEL4 ,JUDGE ,JOSEPH ,E4 ,G>Y =W>D$ ! PETITION ( ,FIELD5 TO ! ,HON4 ,RI*>D ,J4 ,OGLESBY1 ,GOV]NOR ( ,ILL9OIS1 ) A COV]+ LETT] /AT+ ?AT ,FIELD5 WAS 0! HONE/1 9DU/RI\S4 & PEACEABLE LABOR+ MAN10 ) 0A NATURAL LOVE ( JU/ICE1 AN IMPATI5CE AT ALL UNDES]V$ SUFF]+1 AN IMPULSIVE TEMP]10 & 0AN ADVOCATE ( =CE AS A H]OIC REM$Y = ! H>D%IPS ?AT ! POOR 5DURE40 ,URG+ ?AT ,FIELD5 %\LD B5EFIT BY ! EXT5SION ( EXECUTIVE CLEM5CY1 ,G>Y ADD$ 3---- 

0,AS !RE IS NO EVID5CE ?AT HE KNEW ( ANY PREP>ATION TO DO ! SPECIFIC ACT ( ?R[+ ! BOMB ?AT KILL$ ,DEGAN1 HE DOES NOT UND]/& EV5 N[ ?AT G5]AL ADVICE TO L>GE MASSES TO' DO VIOL5CE MAKES HIM RESPONSIBLE = ! VIOL5CE DONE BY REASON ( ?AT ADVICE1 NOR ?AT BE+ JO9$ BY O!RS 9 AN EF=T TO SUBV]T LAW & ORD] BY =CE MAKES HIM RESPONSIBLE = ! ACTS ( ?OSE O!RS T5D+ TO MAKE ?AT EF=T EFFECTUAL40 

,?AT P>AGRAPH IS PRICELESS1 AS REPRES5T+ ! >GUM5T PUT =W>D AGA9/ CAPITALI/ SOCIETY BY ! M5 :O /OOD = PROPAG&A BY DE$1 :5 TOLD ?AT NOT ALL ! WEAL?Y FOLK W]E CONSCI\SLY RESPONSIBLE = ! \TRAG+ ( ! POOR BY CAPITALI/ CONDITIONS4 

,M,I,*,A,E,L ,S,*,W,A,B4----,BORN 9 ,KITZ+51 ,C5TRAL ,G]MANY1 #i? ,AUGU/1 #a#h#e#c4 ,FA!R A SMALL TRADESMAN4 ,LO/ BO? P>5TS1 #a#h#f#f4 ,BECAME A COMMUNICANT & !N LO/ ALL FAI? BECAUSE ( ! WORLDLY HABITS ( HIS PRIE/1 #a#h#f#g4 ,S*ILL]'S WORKS & O!R ,G]MAN CLASSICS DISPELL$ HIS RELIGI\S ILLUSIONS4 ,APPR5TIC$ TO A BOOKB9D] 9 ,WU]RBURG4 ,L$ A SOLIT>Y LIFE SURR\ND$ ONLY BY BOOKS4 ,J\RNEYMAN1 #a#h#g#b4 ,JO9$ ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LABOR ,P>TY & TRAVEL$ ?R\< ,EUROPE DI/RIBUT+ ,SOCIALI/ LIT]ATURE1 & LIV+ BY HIS TRADE4 ,EMIGRAT$ TO ,AM]ICA1 #a#h#g#i4 ,SETTL$ 9 ,*ICAGO1 #a#h#h4 ,BECAME REPORT] & ASSI/ANT $ITOR ( ! ,>BEIT] ,ZEITUNG4 

,S*WAB1 ON HIS RELEASE4 EMBRAC$ ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY4 ,DI$1 #b#i? ,JUNE1 #a#h#i#h1 9 ,*ICAGO1 ( CONSUMPTION4 :I* DISEASE HE HAD CONTRACT$ 9 PRISON4 

   ,! ,*ICAGO ,AN>*I/S' ,PROGRAM,ALH]T ,R4 ,P>SONS1 WRIT+ 9 ! ,AL>M1 = ,DECEMB]1 #a#h#h#e1 DEF9$ HIS ATTITUDE T[>DS ! EI<T H\RS' DAY AGITATION ?US3-- 

0,WE ( ! ,9T]NATIONALE >E FREQU5TLY ASK$ :Y WE DO NOT GIVE4 \R ACTIVE SUPPORT TO ! PROPOS$ EI<T-H\R MOVEM5T4 ,LET US TAKE :AT WE CAN GET4 SAY \R EI<T-H\R FRI5DS1 ELSE BY ASK+ TOO MU* WE MAY GET NO?+4 ,WE ANSW]3 ,BECAUSE WE WILL NOT4 COMPROMISE4 

0,EI!R \R POSITION ?AT CAPITALI/S HAVE NO RI<T TO ! EXCLUSIVE [N]%IP ( ! MEANS ( LIFE IS A TRUE ONE1 OR IT IS NOT4 IT' WE >E CORRECT1 !N TO CONC$E ! PO9T ?AT CAPITALI/S HAVE ! RI<T TO EI<T H\RS ( \R LABOR1 IS MORE ?AN A COMPROMISE2 IT IS A VIRTUAL CONFESSION ?AT ! WAGE SY/EM IS RI<T4 

0,IL' CAPITALI/S HAVE ! RI<T TO [N LABOR OR TO CONTROL ! RESULTS ( LABOR1 WE HAVE NO BUS9ESS DICTAT+ ! T]MS UPON :I* WE MAY BE EMPLOY$4 ,WE CANNOT SAY TO \R EMPLOY]S1 ',YES1 WE ACKN[L$GE Y\R RI<T TO EMPLOY US1 WE >E SATISFI$ ?AT ! WAGE SY/EM IS ALL RI<T1 BUT WE1 Y\R SLAVES1 PROPOSE TO DICTATE ! T]MS UPON :I* WE WILL WORK4' H[ 9CONSI/5T6 

0,& YET ?AT IS EXACTLY ! POSITION ( \R EI<T-H\R FRI5DS4 ,!Y PRESUME TO DICTATE TO CAPITAL1 :ILE !Y MA9TA9 ! JU/NESS ( ! CAPITALI/IC SY/EM2 !Y W\LD REGULATE WAGES :ILE DEF5D+ ! CLAIMS ( ! CAPITALI/S TO ! ABSOLUTE CONTROL ( ,9DU/RY40 

,! POSITION ADOPT$ BY ,P>SONS 9 #ahhe IS ?AT ADOPT$ BY ! ,ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>Y ,COMMUNI/ MOVEM5T 9 ,BRITA9 S9CE #a#i#f4 ,IT DEF9ES ! ,ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>IAN OPPOSITION TO ! ,SYNDICALI/ MOVEM5T & ALSO TO ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ,M9ORITY MOVEM5T4 

,AUGU/ ,SPIES DEF9$ HIS OPPOSITION 9 !SE T]MS3-- 

0,WE DO NOT ANTAGONIZE ! EI<T-H\R MOVEM5T4 ,VIEW+ IT FROM ! /&PO9T ?AT IT IS A SOCIAL /RUGGLE1 WE SIMPLY PR$ICT ?AT IT IS A LO/ BATTLE1 & WE WILL PROVE ?AT1 EV5 ?\< ! EI<T-H\R SY/EM %\LD BE E/ABLI%$ AT ?IS LATE DAY1 ! WAGE- WORK]S W\LD GA9 NO?+4 ,!Y W\LD /ILL REMA9 ! SLAVES ( !IR MA/]S4 

0,SUPPOSE ! H\RS ( LABOR %\LD BE %ORT5$ TO EI<T4 \R PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY W\LD !REBY NOT BE DIM9I%$4 ,! %ORT5+ ( ! H\RS ( LABOR 9 ,5GL& WAS IMM$IATELY FOLL[$ BY A G5]AL 9CREASE ( LABOR-SAV+ MA*9ES1 ) A SUBSEQU5T DIS*>GE ( A PROPORTIONATE NUMB] ( EMPLOYEES4 ,! REV]SE ( :AT HAD BE5 S\<T TOOK PLACE4 ,! EXPLOITATION ( ?OSE AT WORK WAS 9T5SIFI$4 ,!Y N[ P]=M$ MORE LABOR1 & PRODUC$ MORE ?AN BE=E40 

,! PROGRAM ON :I* \R ,*ICAGO COMRADES TOOK !IR /& WAS AGRE$ TO AT AN ,AN>*I/ ,CONGRESS CONV5$ 9 ,PITTSBUR<1 ,MAY1 #a#h#h#c4 ,IT WAS AS FOLL[S3-- 

0#a4 ,DE/RUCTION ( ! EXI/+ CLASS RULE BY ALL MEANS1 I4E41 BY 5]GETIC1 REL5TLESS4 REVOLUTION>Y1 & 9T]NATIONAL ACTION4 

0#b4 ,E/ABLI%M5T ( A FREE ,SOCIETY BAS$ UPON A COOP]ATIVE SY/EM ( PRODUCTION4 

0#c4 ,FREE EX*ANGE ( EQUIVAL5T PRODUCTS1 BY & BETWE5 ! PRODUCTIVE ORGANIZATIONS1 )\T COMM]CE & PRORIT-NIONG]Y4 

0#d4 ,ORGANIZATION ( $UCATION ON A SECUL>1 SCI5TIFIC & EQUAL BASIS = BO? SEXES4 

0#e4 ,EQUAL RI<TS = ALL1 )\T DI/9CTION ( SEX OR RACE4 

0#f4 ,REGULATION ( ALL PUBLIC AFFAIRS BY FREE CONTRACTS BETWE5 ! AUTONOM\S 9DEP5D5T COMMUNES & ASSOCIATIONS1 RE/+ ON A F$]ALI/IC BASIS40 

,?IS DECL>ATION ( PR9CIPLES WAS SUBSEQU5TLY PUBLI%$ 9 ,*ICAGO4 ,IT IMM$IATELY R\S$ ! WRA? ( ! ,TRU/ MAGNATES & !IR KEPT PRESS1 :O CALL$ = DRA/IC POLICE SUPPRESSION4 ,?IS CAMPAIGN F\ND ITS CLIMAX 9 ! TRAG$Y ( ,MAY1 #a#h#h#f1 & ! EXECUTIONS ( ,NOVEMB]1 #a#h#h#g4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG @& ,REVOLT,LIB4COM @& ,AN>*Y,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aici 3 ,*APT] #f -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,SEPTEMB] #b#b1 #bba 3 ,*APT] #f -- ,ADD$4 

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