,POL&3 ,TRIUMPHS & ,DEFEATS 

#aih 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ANONYM\S 

,TEXT 3 

,ON ,SEPTEMB] #a1 ,LE* ,WALESA1 ! WORK] :O NEGOTIAT$ ! 5D ( ! REC5T ,POLI% /RIKE WAVE1 CLIMB$ TWO FLI<TS ( WOOD5 /AIRS TO ! TEMPOR>Y (FICES ( ! NEW ,9DEP5D5T ,TRADE ,UNION :I* HE HEADS4 ,WALESA C>RI$ A TWO-FOOT CRUCIFIX1 A BUN* ( GLADIOLAS & A P5NANT FROM A BICYCLE CLUB1 ALL TO ADORN ! HEADQU>T]S ( :AT HE & ! ,WE/]N PRESS HAVE HAIL$ AS A 0TRIUMPH0 = ! /RIK]S -- ! RI<T TO ORGANIZE A LABOR ORGANIZATION 9DEP5D5T ( ! GOV]NM5T-CONTROLL$1 (FICIAL UNION F$]ATIONS4 

,! EV5TS ( ! PREVI\S #ah DAYS1 :I* HAD GIV5 ,WALESA ! KEYS TO HIS NEW (FICE1 SAW A C\RAGE\S REVOLT ( HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S ( ,POLI% WORK]S1 :I*1 AL?\< IT HAD ! PROPORTIONS ( A G5]AL /RIKE1 /OPP$ %ORT ( AN UPRIS+ AGA9/ ! /ATE CAPITALI/ BUREAUCRACY4 ,! %AK5 ,POLI% COMMUNI/ P>TY APP>ATUS1 FAC+ ITS ?IRD MAJOR CONFRONTATION ) ! C\NTRY'S WORK+ CLASS 9 T5 YE>S WAS F9ALLY =C$ TO GIVE 9TO MANY ( ! /RIK]S' DEM&S RA!R ?AN SEE AN EXPANSION ( ! /RIKE MOVEM5T1 

,9 ! PROCESS1 ! ,CA?OLIC ,*UR* /OOD FULLY EXPOS$ AS WILL+ TO PREF] EV5 ! AU?ORITY ( AN 0A!I/0 GOV]NM5T OV] ! ?REAT CONTA9$ 9 WORK] REBELLION4 ,! ,*UR*'S ?OR\<LY DUPLICIT\S ROLE 9CLUD$ ! TAK+ ( CONFESSIONS AT ,GDANSK'S ,L59 ,%IPY>DS FROM /RIK+ WORK]S AS A %[ ( 0SUPPORT10 TO ,C>D9AL ,WYSZYNSKI'S 7CURI\SLY1 ! C\S9 ( ,/AL9'S *IEF 9QUISITOR DUR+ ! #a#i#c'S ,MOSC[ PURGE TRIALS7 URG+ A RETURN TO WORK BY ! /RIK]S1 !REBY HOP+ TO GET A LITTLE L>G] PIECE ( ! ACTION IF HE P]=M$ WELL = ! /ATE BUREAUCRATS4 

,ALL ( ?IS RECEIV$ SU* FULL & EXT5SIVE COV]AGE 9 ! WORLD M$IA ?AT ITS DETAILS H>DLY NE$ REC\NT+ H]E1 BUT P]HAPS A FEW OBS]VATIONS CAN BE MADE3 

,COMBAT ,A ,TOTALIT>IAN ,POLICE ,/ATE 

,ALL OBS]VORS 7& C]TA9LY ! P>TICIPANTS7 KNEW ?AT ! POT5TIAL CONSEQU5CE ( ! REVOLT WAS A ,CZE*-/YLE ,SOVIET 9VASION & A REPRESSION ( ! /RIKE MOVEM5T 7,POLI% ,PRIME ,M9I/] ,BABIU* W>N$ AT ! HEI<T ( ! /RIKES1 0,\R FAI?FUL FRI5DS >E WORRI$074 ,& IT IS PRECISELY ?IS OM9\S ?REAT :I* GAVE ! /RIKES !IR H]OIC *>ACT]4 ,HUGE NUMB]S ( ,POLES SIMPLY-REFUS$ TO CONT9UE TO HAVE !IR LIVES MANIPULAT$ BY ! ANONYM\S =CES ( ! WORLD M>KET & TRI$ AS =CEFULLY AS POSSIBLE TO REVOLT AGA9/ ?OSE ADM9I/]+ !IR OPPRESSION4 ,& ?IS WAS !IR TRIUMPH -- ! WILL+NESS TO COMBAT A TOTALIT>IAN POLICE /ATE1 !IR 9V5TIVE =MS ( SELF-ORGANIZATION1 ! ATTEMPTS TO L9K TOGE!R ! /RUGGLE ?R\<\T ,POL&1 & !IR VITALITY AS HUMANS /EMM+ FROM A S5SE ( :AT TRUE FRE$OM IS4 

,!IR DEFEAT WAS SIGNAL$ BY !IR RETURN TO WAGE WORK & ! FACT ?AT ! ,POLI% /ATE WAS LEFT 9TACT1 BUT ?IS OCCURR$ BECAUSE ! ,POLI% WORK]S W]E RE/RICT$ TO CONFRONT+ ONLY ?OSE :O EX]CIS$ DIRECT DOM9ION OV] !M4 ,= ! SITUATION TO HAVE HAD ANY O!R \TCOME ?AN ! WAGE HIKES1 A FEW PROMIS$ CIVIL LIB]TIES1 & ,WALESA'S 09DEP5D5T0 UNION -- A L>G] & G5]ALIZ$ ASSAULT ON ! 9T]NATIONAL SY/EM ( CAPITAL WAS NECESS>Y4 ,! ,SPANI% EXP]I5CE ( ! #a#i#c'S DEMON/RAT$ APTLY ?AT NONE ( ! NATION /ATES -- CAPITALI/ OR SOCIALI/ -- >E GO+ TO ALL[ A TRULY LIB]T>IAN REVOLUTION TO SURVIVE )\T A VICI\S ASSAULT4 

,TO HAVE ASSUR$ A VICTORY 9 ,POL& -- A VICTORY \TSIDE ( ! T]MS ( CAPITAL -- ,RUSSIAN WORK]S1 ,G]MAN WORK]S1 & ,AM]ICAN WORK]S AT A M9IMUM W\LD HAVE HAD TO UND]TAK5 ! SAME ACTS AS ! /RIK]S ( ,GDANSK & ,SZCZEC9 TO PROTECT !M FROM 9VASION4 ,H[EV]1 ) ! /RUGGLE FAIL+ TO BE G5]ALIZ$1 IT WAS ONLY ! ,WALESAS & ! RECUP]ATION ( ! /RIKE MOVEM5T :I* C\LD FOLL[4 ,AS SOON AS ,WALESA SAT D[N AS REPRES5TATIVE ( ! WORK]S ) ! GOV]NM5T BUREAUCRATS1 ALL WAS LO/4 ,AS ,FR5* !ORI/ ,JACQUES ,CAMATTE NOT$ 9 REG>DS TO A /UD5T /RIKE1 0,NO-DIALOGUE CAN TAKE PLACE BETWE5 ! SOCIAL ORD] & ?OSE :O >E TO OV]?R[ IT4 ,IF DIALOGUE IS /ILL SE5 AS A POSSIBILITY1 !N ?IS W\LD BE AN 9DICATION ?AT ! MOVEM5T IS FAIL+40 

,POLITE & ,(FICIALLY ,APPROV$ ,UNION 

,9 MANY WAYS1 ,WALESA'S POLITE & (FICIALLY APPROV$ 09DEP5D5T0 UNION B>ELY RATES AS A RECUP]ATION GIV5 ! ,POLI% ,C,P'S HI/ORY ( SUCCESSFUL ASSAULTS ON EV5 AU!NTICALLY 9DEP5D5T WORK] =MATIONS4 ,DUR+ ! #aief WORK+ CLASS UPRIS+S1 ! ,POLI% ,P>TY HAD TO CONT5D ) #e1 WORK]S' C\NCILS :I* HAD SPRUNG UP 9 OPPOSITION TO ! P>TY1 YET AFT] LESS ?AN TWO YE>S ( SKILLFUL MANEUV]+1 ! P>TY HAD COMPLETELY DE/ROY$ ! P[] ( ! C\NCILS & HAD EFFECTIVELY REGA9$ ITS ABSOLUTE AU?ORITY4 ,IT IS DUBI\S :E!R ,WALESA'S *>ADE WILL LA/ ! YE>4 

,:AT UND]SCORES ! MOVEM5T'S DEFEAT IS ?AT A SOLUTION WAS EV5 ?\<T ( 9 UNION T]MS-A DESIRE = A GREAT] SELL+ PRICE ( HUMAN LABOR4 ,!SE DEM&S-WRITT5 BY SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC DISSID5TS1 BUT SUPPORT$ BY MANY ( ! /RIK+ WORK]S-W\LD CREATE A SITUATION :]E A LABOR F$]ATION MODEL$ ON SOME?+ AK9 TO ! ,U,A,W W\LD REPRES5T ,POLI% WORK]S TO !IR EMPLOY]S-! /ATE4 ,?IS MAY APPE> AS AN IMPROVEM5T OV] ! REIGN+ UNION MODEL-?AT ( ! ,SOVIET ,UNION'S :I* IS CURR5TLY HEAD$ BY AN EX-,M9I/] ( ! ,9T]IOR 7SECRET POLICE7 & IS *>G$ 9 ITS CON/ITUTION ) ! RESPONSIBILITY ( MEET+ GOV]NM5T PRODUCTION QUOTAS -- BUT !SE >E SIMPLY SEP>ATE WAYS ( CONTROLL+ ! SALE ( LABOR )9 DIFF]+ NATIONAL CAPITALS 7,SEE 0,POL& #a#i#g-#g#a10 ,F,E ,APRIL #a#i#g#g74 ,AN AU!NTIC 9DEP5D5T UNION 7ONE NOT CONF9$ TO 0ECONOMIC0 MATT]S SU* AS IS ,WELESA'S7 W\LD IMM$IATELY F9D ITSELF BACK ON ! PA? ( CONFRONTATION ?AT ! NEW UNION WAS SUPPOS$ TO BE DEFLECT$ FROM4 

,! ,POLI% /ATE BUREAUCRACY'S DECISION TO EMPLOY A S(T APPROA* ?IS TIME SP>$ ! WORK]S ! CASUALTIES & DEA?S AT ! H&S ( ! /ATE SECURITY =CES & ! ,P>TY ! HUMILIATION ( HAV+ ITS HEADQU>T]S ATTACK$ & BURN$ AS 9 PREVI\S /RIKE WAVES1 BUT ITS CAPITULATION TO ! WORK]S' DEM&S WILL NOT SOLVE ! C\NTRY'S UND]LY+ PROBLEMS4 ,! ,LONDON ,ECONOMI/ ( ,AUGU/ #b#c1 #aih EXPRESS$ IT ?IS WAY3 0,PA/ REM$IES -- IMPORT-L$ GR[? -- TO CREATE ! ILLUSION ( PROSP]ITY-DIRECTLY PRODUC$ ! PRES5T CRISIS & HAVE BE5 DISCR$IT$4 ,BUT PR9T+ MONEY TO F9ANCE ! #a#e-#b.0 PAY RISES CONC$$ ?IS TIME R\ND WILL ONLY FUEL 9FLATION )\T PUTT+ MORE GOODS 9 ! %OPS4 ,IT WILL !RE=E DEPRESS LIV+ /&>DS /ILL FUR!R1 & LEAVE ! P>TY LEAD]%IP JUGGL+ ) EV5 FEW] IDEAS TO /EM ! NEXT CRISIS4- 

,IT IS RECOGNIZ$ 9 ALL SECTORS ( CAPITAL ?AT ,POL& IS ! 0SICK MAN0 ( ,EUROPE & CAN ONLY S9K DEEP] 9TO ITS ECONOMIC PROBLEMS BY REFUS+ ! 0BELT-TI<T5+0 DEM&S ( ! /ATE BUREAUCRACY & ITS ,WE/]N CR$ITORS4 ,! ECONOMIC DECISIONS MADE AFT] ! ,POLI% WORK] REBELLIONS ( #aig HAVE RESULT$ 9 ! %>P RE-9TEGRATION ( ,POL& 9TO ,WE/]N CAPITAL2 ?US IT IS N[ 9 HOCK TO ,WE/ ,G]MAN1 ,SWISS & ,AM]ICAN BANK]S TO ! TUNE ( @s#b BILLION4 ,! DECISION T5 YE>S AGO TO RAISE ! C\NTRY'S /&>D ( LIV+ BY IMPORT+ ,WE/]N TE*NOLOGY & ! SUBSIDIZ+ ( ITS 9EFFICI5T AGRICULTURAL SY/EM 9ITIALLY DELI<T$ ,WE/]N BANKS4 ,!Y SAW ! PROSPECT ( REAP+ HUGE PR(ITS FROM LOANS TO A ,POL& !Y SAW AS A FAIRLY 9EXHAU/IBLE M>KET1 RELATIVELY 9DEP5D5T ( ! BUS9ESS CYCLE4 ,SILLY BOYS4 

,AFT] A WAVE ( MOD]NIZATION :I* BR\<T ! C\NTRY UP TO ! /ATUS ( #a? MO/ 9DU/RIALIZ$ NATION 9 ! WORLD1 ,POL& BECAME CAU<T 9 ! SAME ECONOMIC D[N-TURN :I* PLAGU$ ,WE/]N CAPITAL 9 ! MID-#a#i#g'S4 ,POL& N[ COMPETES ) ,ZAIRE AS TO :I* NATION WILL BE ! FIR/ TO DEFAULT ON ITS LOANS &1 LIKE GIV+ H]O9 TO A JUNKIE HOP+ HE'LL RE=M1 ! BANKS >E =C$ TO GIVE MORE & MORE LOANS TO ,POL&1 JU/ SO IT WILL BE ABLE TO PAY ITS DEBT S]VICE1 :I* AT ?IS PO9T TAKES #i.0 ( ITS EXPORT E>N+S4 

,! CURR5T CRISIS WAS =C$ 9 ! FIR/ PLACE BY ! ,WE/]N BANKS :I* DEM&$ AN AU/]ITY PROGRAM BE=E ANY MORE MONEY W\LD BE =?COM+4 ,! BUREAUCRATS 9 ,POL& SIMPLY SAT D[N ) A CALCULATOR & DEVIS$ :]E ! AU/]ITY MEASURES W\LD BE EFFECT$ & ( C\RSE IT WAS FROM ! WORK]S' /&>D ( LIV+4 ,BUT JU/ AS 9 #aig & #a#i#g#f1 ! WORK]S REFUS$ & TOOK ON 9T]NATIONAL CAPITAL4 

,AS WE PR9T ?IS PAP]1 IT DOES NOT APPE> AS ?\< ! MATT] IS SETTL$ BY ANY MEANS4 ,! ,9DEP5D5T ,TRADE ,UNION HAS ALREADY *>G$ ?AT ! ,POLI% GOV]NM5T HAS NOT MET ITS 5D ( ! B>GA9 & SPONSOR$ A ONE H\R WORK /OPPAGE :I* PLANN$ C>EFULLY 0NOT TO 9JURE ! ,POLI% ECONOMY40 ,ALSO1 REPORTS ( WILDCAT /RIKES CONT9UE TO APPE> 9 ! M$IA4 

,! FUTURE IS UNCLE>4 ,! WORK]S ( ! 5TIRE ,EA/]N BLOC 7SEE ACCOMPANY+ >TICLE7 >E RE/IVE & AS ! CRISIS ( CAPITAL SWEEPS ?AT SECTOR ( ! WORLD1 ONE CAN C]TA9LY EXPECT A SIMIL> COMBATIV5ESS ON ! P>T ( WORK]S FROM ,BU*>E/ TO ,MOSC[4 ,WE WAIT EXPECTANTLY = ?IS TO OCCUR1 BUT \R ULTIMATE JOY WILL BE :5 ?OSE UPRIS+S REA* \R %ORES & WE P>TICIPATE 9 !M4 

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