,PRISON ,LIFE 

#ahhg 

,PEOPLE 3 

,$ITOR 3 ,*>LOTTE ,WILSON 

,AU?OR 3 ,ANONYM\S 

,TAGS 3 CAUSES ( CRIME1 COMMON LIFE1 BODILY DISEASE1 K9DLY FEEL+S1 DR CAM]ON1 CRIME1 SOCIAL1 LIFE1 FEEL+S1 COMMON4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,JOAN1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE .<,S,E,C,O,N,D ,N,O,T,I,C,E4.>  

,>E ,PRISONS ,NECESS>Y8 IS ! TITLE ( ! CONCLUD+ *APT] ( ,KROPOTK9'S ACC\NT ( HIS PRISON EXP]I5CES4 0,UNHAPPILY1 HI!RTO10 HE GOES ON TO REM>K1 0\R P5AL 9/ITUTIONS HAVE BE5 NO?+ BUT A COMPROMISE BETWE5 ! OLD IDEAS ( REV5GE1 ( PUNI%M5T ( ! 'BAD WILL' & 'S91' & ! MOD]N IDEAS ( 'DET]R+ FROM CRIME1' BO? S(T5$ TO A V]Y SLI<T EXT5T BY SOME NOTIONS ( PHILAN?ROPY40 ,BUT IS IT NOT TIME ?AT WE FULLY RECOGNIZ$ ! FACT ?AT CRIME1 LIKE BODILY DISEASE1 IS CAPABLE ( SCI5TIFIC 9VE/IGATION1 & ( ?AT SCI5TIFIC TREATM5T :I* CONSID]S PREV5TION ! BE/ ( CURES8 

,AN 5]GETIC S*OOL ( SCI5TIFIC /UD5TS ( CRIME HAS SPRUNG UP ( LATE YE>S 9 ,ITALY & ,G]MANY1 :O HAVE DEVOT$ !MSELVES TO SE>*+ \T ! MA9 CAUSES ( ?IS PA9FUL PH5OM5ON4 ,!Y HAVE CONCLUD$ ?AT !RE >E ?REE GR\PS ( SU* PR9CIPAL CAUSES3 ! COSMIC1 ! AN?ROPOLOGICAL1 & ! SOCIAL4 ,ALL !SE CAUSES1 & ESPECIALLY ! FIR/1 HAVE AS YET BE5 BUT V]Y IMP]FECTLY 9VE/IGAT$ 2 NEV]!LESS1 SOME V]Y 9T]E/+ FACTS HAVE BE5 CONCLUSIVELY E/ABLI%$4 

,COSMIC 9FLU5CE1 ?AT IS R\<LY SPEAK+1 ! /ATE ( ! WEA!R1 HAS BE5 %[N TO HAVE A /RONG & DEF9ITELY ASC]TA9ABLE EFFECT UPON HUMAN ACTION4 ,TO TAKE ONE 9/ANCE2 AN ,5GLI% WRIT] 7,S4 ,A4 ,HILL1 ,I -,NATURE1' ,VOL4 ,X,X,I,X41 #a#h#h#a1 P4 #c#c#h7 HAS PO9T$ \T ?AT 9 ,9DIA CRIMES ( VIOL5CE CORRESPOND 9 FREQU5CY TO ! AM\NT ( MOI/ HEAT 9 ! ATMOSPH]E4 ,! ,ITALIAN ,PR(ESSOR ,E4 ,F]RI HAS COLLECT$ /ATI/ICS ( TEMP]ATURE & ( ! PREVAL5CE ( 0CRIME AGA9/ ! P]SON10 :I* %[ ! MO/ /RIK+ CORRESPOND5CES4 

,! AN?ROPOLOGICAL1 ! DI/9CTIVELY HUMAN & 9DIVIDUAL CAUSES ( CRIME >E /ILL MORE IMPORTANT4 ,DR4 ,LO9BROSO & HIS ,ITALIAN COLLEAGUES HAVE PUT TOGE!R MANY VALUABLE OBS]VATIONS ON ! PHYSICAL *>ACT]I/ICS ( CRIM9ALS4 ,!Y HAVE %[N ?AT ! MAJORITY ( PRISON]S HAVE SOME DEFECT ( BRA9 ORGANIZATION 2 ?AT ! MO/ BRUTAL MURD]S HAVE USUALLY BE5 COMMITT$ BY M5 AFFLICT$ ) SOME S]I\S PHYSICAL IMP]FECTION 2 ?AT MO/ CRIM9ALS HAVE S+UL>LY LONG >MS 7SUGGE/IVE ( NE>NESS TO ! MONKEY71 ETC41 ETC4 ,RESE>*ES 9 9T]E/+ RELATION ) ! 9VE/IGATIONS ( \R ,5GLI% ,DR4 ,MAUDSLEY1 9TO :AT HE CALLS ! WIDE 0BORD]L& BETWE5 CRIME & 9SANITY40 

,A CRIME IS R>ELY DUE TO SOME?+ :I* HAS SUDD5LY SPRUNG UP 9 ! CRIM9AL4 0,TAKE = 9/ANCE10 SAYS ,KROPOTK91 0A MAN :O HAS COMMITT$ AN ACT ( VIOL5CE4 4 4 4 ,BE=E ?IS TIME1 PROBABLY1 ?R\<\T HIS LIFE1 ! SAME P]SON HAS (T5 MANIFE/$ SOME ANOMALY ( M9D BY NOISY EXPRESSION ( HIS FEEL+S1 BY CRY+ L\DLY AFT] SOME TRIFL+ DISAGREEABLE CIRCUM/ANCE1 BY EASILY V5T+ HIS BAD TEMP] ON ?OSE :O /OOD BY HIM2 &1 UNHAPPILY1 HE HAS NOT FROM HIS *ILDHOOD F\ND ANYBODY :O WAS ABLE TO GIVE A BETT] DIRECTION TO HIS N]V\S IMPRESSIBILITY4 4 4 4 ,& IF WE PU% \R ANALYSIS /ILL DEEP]1 WE DISCOV] ?AT ?IS /ATE ( M9D IS ITSELF A CONSEQU5CE ( SOME PHYSICAL DISEASE1 EI!R 9H]IT$ OR DEVELOP$ BY AN ABNORMAL LIFE40 

0 4 4 4 ,MORE ?AN ?AT4 ,IF WE ANALYZE \RSELVES1 IF EV]YBODY W\LD FRANKLY ACKN[L$GE ! ?\<TS :I* HAVE SOMETIMES PASS$ ?R\< HIS M9D1 WE %\LD SEE ?AT ALL ( US HAVE HAD SOME FEEL+S & ?\<TS SU* AS CON/ITUTE ! MOTIVE ( ALL ACTS CONSID]$ AS CRIM9AL4 ,WE HAVE REPUDIAT$ !M AT ONCE2 BUT IF !Y HAVE HAD ! OPPORTUNITY ( RECURR+ AGA9 & AGA92 IF !Y W]E NURTUR$ BY CIRCUM/ANCES OR BY A WANT ( EX]CISE ( ! BE/ PASSIONS@&_?#a#e2LOVE1 COMPASSION1 & ALL ?OSE :I* RESULT FROM LIV+ 9 ! JOYS & SUFF]+S ( ?OSE :O SURR\ND US2 !N !SE PASS+ 9FLU5CES1 SO BRIEF ?AT WE H>DLY NOTIC$ !M1 W\LD HAVE DEG5]AT$ 9TO SOME MORBID ELEM5T 9 \R *>ACT]40 

0,FRAT]NAL TREATM5T TO *ECK ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! ANTI-SOCIAL FEEL+S :I* GR[ UP 9 SOME ( US@&_?#a#e2NOT IMPRISONM5T@&_?#a#e2IS ! ONLY MEANS ?AT WE >E AU?ORIZ$ 9 APPLY+1 & CAN APPLY1 ) SOME EFFECT TO ?OSE 9 :OM !SE FEEL+S HAVE DEVELOP$ 9 CONSEQU5CE ( BODILY DISEASE OR SOCIAL 9FLU5CES40 ,A REM>KABLE 9/ANCE ( ! HEAL?Y 9FLU5CE ( FO/]+ ! SELF-RESPECT & K9DLY FEEL+S ( CRIM9ALS IS GIV5 BY ,DR4 ,CAM]ON4 ,SPEAK+ ( HIS #c YE>S ( EXP]I5CE AS A PRISON SURGEON1 HE SAYS ?AT BY TREAT+ ! CONVICTS 0) AS MU* CONSID]ATION AS IF !Y BAD BE5 DELICATE LADIES1 ! GREATE/ ORD] WAS G5]ALLY MA9TA9$ 9 ! HOSPITAL40 ,HE WAS /RUCK ) 0?AT E/IMABLE TRAIT 9 ! *>ACT] ( PRISON]S@&_?#a#e2OBS]VABLE EV5 AMONG ! R\<E/ CRIM9ALS@&_?#a#e2,I MEAN ! GREAT ATT5TION !Y BE/[ ON ! SICK40 ,!SE CONVICT ATT5DANTS >E JU/ ?OSE PRISON]S :O HAVE AN OPPORTUNITY ( EX]CIS+ !IR GOOD FEEL+S1 & :O 5JOY ! MO/ FRE$OM4 0,! MO/ H>D5$ CRIM9ALS10 ,DR4 ,CAM]ON ADDS1 0>E NOT EXEMPT FROM ?IS FEEL+0 ( K9DLY COMPASSION4 

,! MORAL NECESSITY = ! ADOPTION ( A HUMANE & BRO!RLY ME?OD ( TREAT+ CRIM9ALS APPE>S ! /RONG] :5 WE TURN TO CONSID] ! SOCIAL CAUSES ( CRIME4 0,! FEEL+ IS GR[+ AMONG US ?AT SOCIETY IS RESPONSIBLE = ! ANTI-SOCIAL DE$S COMMITT$ 9 ITS MID/4 4 4 40 ,FROM YE> TO YE> ?\S&S ( *ILDR5 GR[ UP 9 ! FIL?@&_?#a#e2MAT]IAL & MORAL@&_?#a#e2( \R GREAT CITIES4 ,! 0FA!R & MO!R LEAVE ! D5 !Y 9HABIT E>LY 9 ! MORN+ 9 SE>* ( ANY JOB :I* MAY HELP !M TO GET ?R\< ! NEXT WEEK40 ,! *ILDR5 5T] LIFE )\T EV5 KN[+ A H&ICRAFT40 

0,I NEV] CEASE TO WOND]10 ADDS ,KROPOTK91 0AT ! DEEP ROOT$NESS ( SOCIAL FEEL+S 9 ! HUMANITY ( ! N9ETE5? C5TURY1 AT ! GOODNESS ( HE>T :I* /ILL PREVAILS 9 ! DIRTY /REETS40 

#a',9 ,RUSSIAN & ,FR5* ,PRISONS4' ,BY ,P4 ,KROPOTK94 ,W>D & ,D[NEY4 

,?IS SOCIAL MORALITY ( ! WRET*$ IS /ILL MORE REM>KABLE :5 WE REMEMB] NOT ONLY ! CONT9UAL FLAUNT+ DISPLAY ( ! LUXURY & LIC5SE ( ! RI*1 BUT ?AT 0EV]Y?+ WE SEE >\ND US@&_?#a#e2! %OPS1 ! PEOPLES WE SEE 9 ! /REET1 ! LIT]ATURE WE READ1 ! MONEY-WOR%IP WE MEET ) EV]Y DAY@&_?#a#e2T5DS TO DEVELOP AN 9SATIABLE ?IR/ = UNLIMIT$ WEAL?10 & AN IMPRESSION ?AT ! BEAUIDEAL ( LIFE IS TO MAKE O!RS WORK = US & TO LIVE 9 IDL5ESS4 
 ,AB\T TWO-?IRDS ( ! ACTUAL BREA*ES ( ! LAW1 >E SO-CALL$ CRIMES AGA9/ PROP]TY40 ,& IT IS OBVI\S ?AT !SE WILL DISAPPE> ) ! REMOVAL ( ! SOCIAL 9JU/ICE :I* IS !IR CAUSE4 

0,AS TO 'CRIMES AGA9/ P]SONS1' ALREADY !IR NUMB]S >E RAPIDLY DECREAS+1 [+ TO ! GR[? ( MORAL & SOCIAL HABITS :I* NECESS>ILY DEVELOP 9 EA* SOCIETY1 & CAN ONLY GR[ :5 COMMON 9T]E/S CONTRIBUTE MORE & MORE TO TI<T5 ! BONDS :I* 9DUCE M5 TO LIVE A COMMON LIFE40 0,WE LIVE N[ TOO MU* 9 ISOLATION4 ,EV]YBODY C>ES ONLY = HIMSELF1 OR HIS NE>E/ RELATIVES4 ,EGOTI/ICAL@&_?#a#e2I4E41 UN9TELLIG5T@&_?#a#e29DIVIDUALISM 9 MAT]IAL LIFE HAS NECESS>ILY BR\<T AB\T AN 9DIVIDUALISM AS EGOTI/IC & H>MFUL 9 ! MUTUAL RELATIONS ( HUMAN BE+S40 0 ,BUT M5 CANNOT LIVE 9 ?IS ISOLATION1 & ! ELEM5TS ( NEW SOCIAL GR\PS@&_?#a#e2?OSE TIES >IS+ BETWE5 ! 9HABITANTS ( ! SAME SPOT HAV+ MANY 9T]E/S 9 COMMON1 & ?OSE ( PEOPLE UNIT$ BY ! PROSECUTION ( COMMON AIMS@&_?#a#e2IS GR[+40 ,& :]E !RE IS COMMON LIFE !RE IS MUTUAL MORAL AS WELL AS MAT]IAL SUPPORT1 9FLU5CES CALCULAT$ TO DRAW =? ! K9DLY FEEL+S & C\NT]ACT ?OSE MORBID T5D5CIES1 :I*1 IF UN*ECK$ BY ! GR[? ( BETT] ?+S1 F9ALLY CORRUPT ! M9D4 ,:]E ! BONDS ( COMMON LIFE >E ,/RONG1 AS 9 ! ,*9ESE COMP\ND FAMILY OR ,SWISS OR ,SLAVONIAN4 COMMUNES1 WE SEE ITS B5EFICIAL EFFECTS 9 ! L[ LEVEL ( CRIME4 ,WE MAY EXPECT ! LIKE RESULTS FROM ! NEW DEVELOPM5TS ( SOCIAL LIFE N[ SPR++ UP >\ND US4 0,YET NOT)/&+ ALL ?IS1 !RE SURELY WILL REMA9 A LIMIT$ NUMB] ( P]SONS :OSE ANTI-SOCIAL PASSIONS@&_?#a#e2! RESULTS ( BODILY DISEASE@&_?#a#e2MAY /ILL BE A DANG] TO ! COMMUNITY40 

,SU* M5 & WOM5 CAN ONLY BE TREAT$ AS MOD]N SCI5CE & HUMANITY >E TEA*+ US TO TREAT ! LUNATIC & IDIOT4 ,WE HAVE CEAS$ TO :IP & *A9 ! MADMAN1 WE >E CEAS+ TO LOCK HIM UP 9 ! MITIGAT$ IMPRISONM5T ( AN ASYLUM4 ,! PLAN TRI$ BY ! K9DHE>T$ & BRAVE PEASANTS ( ,<EEL1 9 ,BELGIUM1 ( TAK+ ! 9SANE 9TO !IR H\SES AS MEMB]S ( ! FAMILY HAS LATELY F\ND W>M ADVOCATES AMONG M$ICAL M5 ELSE:]E1 NOTABLY ,DR4 ,>?UR ,MIT*ELL 9 ,SCOTL&1 :]E ! PRACTICE ( RECEIV+ LUNATICS 9 PRIVATE FAMILIES IS RAPIDLY GA9+ GR\ND ) M>K$LY B5EFICIAL RESULTS4 

,IT IS BY SU* SELF-DEVOT$ & COMPASSIONATE FELL[%IP1 NOT BY IMPRISONM5T1 ?AT WE CAN HOPE TO R$EEM ! AFFLICT$ & ]R+ AMONG \R BRE?R540 ,ALL ?AT T5DS ?AT WAY10 CONCLUDES ,KROPOTK91 0WILL BR+ US NE>] TO ! SOLUTION ( ! GREAT QUE/ION :I* HAS NOT CEAS$ TO PREOCCUPY HUMAN SOCIETIES S9CE ! REMOTE/ ANTIQUITY1 & :I* CANNOT BE SOLV$ BY PRISONS40 

,FRE$OM3 ,A ,J\RNAL ( ,AN>*I/ ,SOCIALISM 

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