,PSY*OANALYSIS & ,GOV]NM5T #aidd ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,L\IS ,ADEANE ,TEXT 3 ,ADEANE1 ,L\IS . 7#a#i#d#d74 0,PSY*OANALYSIS & ,GOV]NM5T 7,P>T ,I740 ,N[ #b3 #e#g-#f#h4 - - - 7#a#i#d#e74 0,PSY*OANALYSIS & ,GOV]NM5T 7,P>T ,I,I740 ,N[ #c3 #b#a-#b#i4 ,D,E,F,9,I,T,I,O,N,S4 ,?IS ESSAY WILL ATTEMPT TO EXAM9E ORGANIZ$ GOV]NM5T 9 ! LID C\LD BE APPLI$ NOT ONLY TO ! POLITICAL 9/ITUTION ( GOV]NM5T1 BUT TO ANY AU?ORIT>IAN GR\P :OSE EXI/5CE IS SANCTION$ BY SOCIETY 3 A RELIGI\S AUTOCRACY1 = 9/ANCE1 OR ! EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ( A POLITICAL P>TY4 ,! FOLL[+ DEF9ITION BY ,MALATE/A 9DICATES MORE PRECISELY :AT IS MEANT 3 0,GOV]NM5T IS ! AGGREGATE ( ! GOV]NORS1 & ! GOV]NORS 4444 >E ?OSE :O HAVE ! P[] TO MAKE LAWS1 TO REGULATE ! RELATIONS BETWE5 M51 & TO =CE OB$I5CE TO !SE LAWS4 ,!Y >E ?OSE :O 4444 JUDGE & PUNI% TRANSGRESSORS ( ! LAWS40"9 ,MO/ PEOPLE HAVE AN EXTREMELY VAGUE IDEA ( :AT IS MEANT BY PSY*OANALYSIS4 0,PSY*OANALYSIS MEANS TWO ?+S & TWO ONLY4 ,! FIR/ IS ! TE*NIQUE DEVIS$ BY ,FREUD = 9VE/IGAT+ ! HUMAN M9D OR ! SUBJECTIVE ASPECT ( \R LIFE4 ,! SECOND IS ! BODY ( !ORY :I* HAS EM]G$ FROM ! DATA ?US COLLECT$40"9 7,*RI*TON-,MILL]47 ,H]E WE %ALL USE ! WORD 9 ITS SECOND S5SE2 BUT 9 !4 DESCRIPTION 0PSY*OANALY/S0 WE 9CLUDE ?OSE :O ACCEPT ,FREUD'S MA9 CONT5TIONS )\T SUBSCRIB+ TO !M ALL 2 AS1 = EXAMPLE1 ,JUNG & ,ADL]4 0,AN>*Y0 WE USE AS MEAN+ ! TYPE ( SOCIETY ?\*I/S1 I4E41 AN ORGANIZATION :OSE GUID+ PURPOSE IS ! ASSURANCE ( 9DIVIDUAL FRE$OM4 0,AN>*ISM0 REF]S TO ! !ORIES CONC]N+ AN>*Y & ! MEANS ( ATTA9+ IT4 .<#e#h.> ,! ,R,E,L,E,V,A,N,C,E ,( ,P,S,Y,*,O,A,N,A,L,Y,S,I,S4 ,PSY*O-ANALY/S DEAL+ ) ! SEP>ATE 9DIVIDUAL1 & AN>*I/S DEAL+ ) ! 9DIVIDUAL 9 HIS RELATION TO HIS FELL[S1 HAVE A SIMIL> PO9T ( VIEW & A SIMIL> PURPOSE 9 M9D4 ,AN>*I/S DO NOT ?9K ( O!R PEOPLE AS BE+ M]ELY ECONOMIC OR POLITICAL UNITS1 OR AS BE+ NO MORE ?AN FUNCTIONS 9 SOME1 COLLECTIVE 0HI<]0 5DEAVOR4 ,!Y REG>D HUMAN BE+S PRIM>ILY AS 9DIVIDUALS1 & !Y JUDGE SOCIETY BY ITS ABILITY TO SATISFY 9DIVIDUAL NE$S4 ,BROADLY SPEAK+1 !Y 9F] A COMMUNITY'S POLITICAL & ECONOMIC /RUCTURE FROM ! M5TAL & PHYSICAL /RUCTURE ( ! P]SONS IT 9CLUDES1 & SOCIAL MOVEM5TS1 SU* AS COAL /RIKES OR *ANG+ TE*NIQUES 9 PA9T+ OR ! RISE ( GOV]NM5TS1 !Y LOOK UPON AS EXPRESSIONS ( 9DIVIDUAL DESIRE4 ,LIKE AN>*ISM1 PSY*O-ANALYSIS /RESSES ! 9FLU5CE ( 5VIRONM5T UPON ! MOLD+ ( *>ACT] :ILE AVOID+ ! MI/AKE ( ASSUM+ ?AT M5 >E MADE =1 AS WELL AS BY1 !IR SURR\ND+S4 ,ITS ME?OD GIVES PRIM>Y IMPORTANCE TO ! DIFF]5TIAT$ 7AS DI/9CT = ISOLAT$7 P]SONALITY1 & 9 CONSEQU5CE PSY*O-ANALY/S T5D TO LOOK \TW>D FROM ! MAN TO ! MASS RA!R ?AN 9W>D FROM SOCIETY TO ! 9DIVIDUAL4 ,?US !Y SPEAK ( 0GOOD0 & 0BAD0 5VIRONM5TS1 MEAN+ SUITABLE OR NOT = ! P]SON UND] DISCUSSION1 & NEV] ( 0GOOD0 & 0BAD0 PEOPLE4 ,ON SOME ISSUES1 ?AT ( SEXUAL MORALITY1 = 9/ANCE1 !Y HAVE NOT HESITAT$ TO CONDEMN SOCIETY = ITS /RICTURES ON 9DIVIDUAL NECESSITY4 ,FUR!R1 BY BR++ SEEM+LY UNRELAT$ =MS ( BEHAVIOR 9TO A COH]5T FRAMEWORK1 PSY*OANALYSIS1 MORE ?AN ANY O!R SY/EM ( PSY*OLOGY P]HAPS1 %>P5S \R S5SE ( ! COMPLET5ESS & VALUE ( ! HUMAN P]SONALITY 3 AS ,JUNG SAYS 3 ITS ME?OD 0REA*ES F> BEYOND ! CURATIVE RESULTS ?AT SPECIFICALLY CONC]N ! DOCTOR4 ,IT LEADS 9 ! 5D TO 4444 ! BR++ 9TO REALITY ( ! :OLE HUMAN BE+40"9 ,IT DOES ?IS BY A PROC$URE :I* IS S+UL>LY LIKE ?AT ADVOCAT$ BY AN>*I/S 9 ! SOCIAL FIELD4 ,ITS TREATM5T IS DIRECT$ TO ! FREE+ ( ! 9DIVIDUAL FROM ! CO]CION ( ! PA/ 2 IT DESIRES HIM TO A*IEVE AN 9TELLIG5T1 SELF-CRITICAL REVOLUTION )9 ! SELF4 ,IT DOES NOT DISC>D TRADITION 2 BY PUTT+ IT UND] CONSCI\S CONTROL IT RE9TEGRATES IT USEFULLY 9TO ! P]SONALITY4 ,& BY 0TRADITION0 IT IMPLIES COMMUNAL HABITS HAV+ !IR ORIG9 F> BACK 9 ! LIFE ( ! RACE4 ,! UNCONSCI\S IS ! BURY+ GR\ND = PRIMITIVE LEVELS ( COLLECTIVE EMOTION & ACTION1 LEVELS :I* HAVE BE5 SUBM]G$ 9 ORD] TO P]MIT ! GR[? ( 9DIVIDUALIZATION4 ,9 ITS TASK ( RELEAS+ !SE IMPULSES PSY*OANALYSIS FACILITATES FELL[%IP BETWE5 M51 A COMMONALTY :I*1 N[ ?AT WE HAVE DEVELOP$ SELF-AW>5ESS1 NE$ NOT BE DE/RUCTIVE OR BL9D4 ,AGA9 PSY*OANALYSIS ATTACKS ! OV]-EVALUATION ( SUBSIDI>Y P>TS ( ! M9D 2 IT DESIRES 9N] BALANCE1 A FREE COOP]ATION ( 9T]NAL PSY*IC PROCESSES4 ,P]HAPS ,AUREL ,KOLNAI (F]S ! MO/ APT SUMM+-UP ( .<#e#i.> ! MATT] 3 0,PSY*OANALYSIS WI%ES TO TRA9 HUMAN BE+S :O %ALL BE FREE & 9DIVIDUALLY DIFF]5T1 BUT :O %ALL UNREMITT+LY ADVANCE T[>D COOP]ATION2 HUMAN BE+S UNIT$ BY ORGANIC SOLID>ITY40"9 ,) !SE FACTS 9 M9D1 WE CAN EXPECT TO F9D 9 PSY*OANALYSIS MANY VALUABLE SUPPLEM5TS TO AN>*I/ !ORY4 ,& WE DO DISCOV] ?AT ) REG>D TO SU* SUBJECTS AS REVOLUTION1 PROPAG&A1 W>1 $UCATION1 MUTUAL AID -- ! LI/ C\LD BE L5G!N$ ALMO/ 9DEF9ITELY -- PSY*OANALY/S HAVE IMPORTANT SUGGE/IONS TO PUT =W>D4 ,!SE >E ALL SOCIAL PH5OM5A1 & PSY*OANALYSIS /UDIES 9DIVIDUALS2 BUT IT CANNOT BE EMPHASIZ$ TOO (T5 ?AT SOCIETY IS MADE UP ( 9DIVIDUALS & ?AT 9 ORD] TO UND]/& IT ONE MU/ FULLY COMPREH5D ! S+LE HUMAN BE+4 ,G,O,V,],N,M,5,T4 ,! ORIG9 ( MOD]N MAN'S SUPPORT ( GOV]NM5T IS TO BE F\ND 9 HIS *ILDHOOD1 & ! PROTOTYPE ( ! GOV]NM5T HE WILL FAVOR MAY BE FAIRLY ACCURATELY DEF9$ AS HIS P>5TS4 ,! P>5TS >E ! FIR/ RUL]S1 ! FIR/ GODS1 & ! FIR/ 9TIMATIONS ! *ILD RECEIVES ( SOCIETY4 70,! FAMILY 4444 MAY BE CONSID]$ TO BE ! PSY*OLOGICAL AG5T ( SOCIETY40 ,FROMM4"97 ,IT %\LD BE REM>K$ 9 PASS+ ?AT IT IS ?IS FACT :I* HELPS TO ACC\NT = ! FREQU5T CONFUSION BETWE5 ! ?REE 9 LAT] LIFE4 ,PEOPLE TALK -- & ?9K -- ( 0,BRITA90 WANT+ :ATEV] IT IS ?AT SOME POLITICIAN WANTS2 BO? K+S & SOCIETIES 70! COLLECTIVE WILL ( A GREAT PEOPLE10 ETC47 HAVE BE5 HELD TO BE DIV9E4 ,ALL GOV]NM5TS FO/] ! BELIEF ?AT !IR 9T]E/S >E ID5TICAL ) ?OSE ( ! GOV]N$1 & ?AT !IR EXI/5CE IS !RE=E JU/IFI$ & RIE ! SAME HAS ALWAYS SURVIV$4 ,! *ILD HAS MANY DESIRES :I* CLAMOR TO BE SATISFI$2 UN=TUNATELY IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO SATISFY !M ALL AT ONE & ! SAME TIME4 ,9T]NAL /RUGGLE IS FELT AS PA91 & SO A NEW CRAV+ IS ADD$ TO ! O!RS 3 ! LONG+ = FRE$OM FROM CONFLICT4 ,! *ILD LOVES ITS P>5TS BECAUSE !Y SATISFY MANY ( ITS DESIRES -- !Y >E ID5TIFI$ ) FOOD1 W>M?1 ATT5TION & PROTECTION4 ,BUT IT F9DS V]Y QUICKLY ?AT SOME ( ITS ACTIVITIES WILL BE MET BY PUNI%M5T1 NOT PLEASURE4 ,IT LE>NS TO ASSOCIATE C]TA9 ACTIONS ) PA9 & ANXIETY 2 O!RS ) A W>M GL[ ( APPROVAL & REW>D4 ,IT IS TAUE GOOD 2 ! O!RS >E BAD4 ,& SO CONSCI5CE IS BORN1 A S5SE ( RI CORRESPOND ) ! E?ICAL /&>DS ( ?OSE ) :OM IT HAS BE5 9 CONTACT4 ,?US1 ?\< ! FEEL+S ( GUILT & SELF- APPROVAL RETA9 ! SAME *>ACT]I/ICS FROM P]SON TO P]SON & FROM AGE TO AGE1 ! ?+S AB\T :I* !Y >E EX]CIS$ DO NOT4 ,PEOPLE HAVE ?\Y SY/EMS ASSUME ! IMPORTANCE ( ! PRIM>Y ONE4 ,IT WILL BE NOTIC$ ?AT E>LY 9 ?IS PROCESS A SIGNIFICANT *ANGE HAS TAK5 PLACE4 ,LAW1 :I* WAS ORIG9ALLY \TSIDE ! *ILD & P>T ( ! P>5TS1 HAS1 N[ BE5 9TROJECT$ 9TO ! P]SONALITY & IS P>T ( ! *ILD4 ,H5CE=? HE WILL C>RY GOV]NM5T AB\T ) HIM1 9EXORABLY JUDG+ HIS ACTIONS & MET+ \T PRAISE OR BLAME4 ,! *ANGE HAS BE5 ACCOMPLI%$ = SEV]AL REASONS 2 ONE ( !M IS ?AT AN 9T]NAL DISCRIM9ATORY SY/EM1 BACK$ UP BY P[]FUL PLEASURE-PA9 9C5TIVES1 HELPS TO GIVE FRE$OM FROM CONFLICT 2 IT RE9=CES ! REALITY-PR9CIPLE1 :I* HAS FROM ! FIR/ /RIV5 TO A*IEVE SU* AN EMANCIPATION4 ,IT IS OBVI\S ?AT DUR+ ! P]=MANCE ( ?IS TASK A NEW /RUGGLE HAS COME 9TO BE+ 2 A CONFLICT BETWE5 ! JUDG+ PROCESS & ! LAWLESS 9/9CTUAL WI%ES4 ,AT ! EXP5SE ( A GREAT DEAL ( 5]GY1 ! CONDEMN$ LONG+S >E REPRESS$ 2 !Y MAY EM]GE 9TO CONSCI\SNESS LAT]1 9 A SOCIAL OR ANTI-SOCIAL =M ACCORD+ L>GELY TO ! 5VIRONM5T & TRA9+ ( ! P]SON 9VOLV$2 !Y MAY BE CANALIZ$ = REVOLUTION>Y PURPOSES4 ,ONE RESULT ( ! /RUGGLE IS A %IFT+ ( EMPHASIS REG>D+ ! K9D ( FRE$OM DEM&$ 2 N[ ! *ILD HAS A /R5G!N$ DESIRE = FRE$OM FROM CO]CION4 ,TWO TYPES ( GOV]NM5T HAVE SO F> BE5 DI/+UI%$4 ,! FIR/ IS ! EXT]NAL GOV]NM5T ( ! P>5TS2 ! SECOND IS ! 9T]NAL REIGN ( ! EGO-IDEAL1 :I* 9CLUDES ! JUDG+ FACULTY & ! CONSCI5CE4 ,!RE >E TWO FUR!R =MS TO BE CONSID]$1 :I*1 LIKE ! SECOND1 >ISE FROM !IR PROTOTYPES4 ,P]HAPS IT %\LD BE PO9T$ \T H]E ?AT ! LAT] GOV]NM5TS DO NOT SUP]S$E ! E>LI]2 ALL F\R -- & !SE CAN BE SUBDIVID$ FUR!R -- CAN & DO EXI/ CONCURR5TLY4 ,?US ! *ILD MAY4 CONSCI5TI\SLY CONDEMN ! P>5TS1 BUT HE WILL NOT NECESS>ILY CEASE TO OBEY !M1 & IF HE DOES1 HE WILL PROBABLY FEEL GUILTY = HAV+ DONE SO4 ,9 SOME CIRCUM/ANCES1 H[EV]1 ONE SY/EM MAY ACQUIRE SUFFICI5T EMOTIONAL DRIVE TO DE/ROY ! O!RS1 & !N WE REA* ! /AGE PREVI\SLY M5TION$ :]E ! BREAK+ UP ( ! SOCIAL SY/EM BECOMES POSSIBLE & IS FELT TO BE DESIRABLE4 ,BUT ! NEW SOCIETY WILL /ILL1 9 ONE OR MORE ( ! F\R S5SES1 BE A GOV]NM5TAL /RUCTURE4 ,! ?IRD K9D ( GOV]NM5T IS ! ONE PROJECT$ UPON ! \T] WORLD BY ! P]SONALITY 9 ITS SE>* = FRE$OM FROM 9T]NAL COMPULSION4 ,PROJECTION IS A ME*ANISM :I* WE USE 9 .<#f#a.> ALMO/ ALL \R DEAL+S ) REALITY4 ,9 9FANCY WE PROJECT \R FEEL+S UPON *AIRS & TABLES & TOYS 2 DOORS OP5 T]RIFY+LY4 T$DY BE>S PROTECT US AT NIK GIANT BE> 9 ! %AD[Y COM]4 ,LAT] WE MAY ID5TIFY ! 0BAD0 P>TS ( \RSELVES ) SECTIONS ( SOCIETY -- ! ,JEWS OR ! NEGROES OR ! WORK+ CLASS -- SO ?AT1 9 CONJUNCTION ) ?OSE ( A SIMIL> \TLOOK1 WE MAY SUPPRESS !M ALL ! MORE ?OR\LY ) ! CO]CIVE LAW-GIV] )9 US 2 ! 9T]NAL IS EXT]NALIZ$ 2 ! IDEAL ,GOV]NM5T1 BY :OSE LAW PEOPLE LIVE & = :I* !Y DIE1 IS 9 BE+4 ,B5EA? ?IS %9+ FANTASY & 9V>IABLY CONFUS$ ) IT1 LURKS ! F\R? TYPE1 GOV]NM5T AS IT REALLY IS4 ,= MO/ M51 ! ADVANTAGES ( BELIEF 9 !SE LATT] TWO =MS ( AU?ORITY >E TREM5D\S4 ,IT IS EASI] TO DEAL ) \T] CONFLICTS ?AN 9N]2 ! EXT]NALIZ$ GOV]NM5T SETS \T ! LAWS SO ?AT ALL MAY READ1 DI/+UI%ES EASILY BETWE5 ! DIFFICULT DEGREES ( LIIAN KN[S47 ,WEAK M5 WILL SUPPORT IT BECAUSE IT P]=MS ! DUTIES :I* !Y %IRK4 ,/RONG M5 -- /RONG-WILL$1 HONE/1 CONSI/5T -- RUL$ BY A H>% SUP]-EGO & AN 9TOL]ABLE BURD5 ( UNCONSCI\S GUILT -- MAY EI!R SUPPORT IT OR BECOME P>T ( IT 9 REALITY 3 ,GLAD/ONE1 ,PEEL1 ,CANN+1 >E EXAMPLES TAK5 FROM A P]IOD ( EXP&+ IMP]IALISM & 9CREAS+ GOV]NM5TAL ASSURANCE4 ,GOV]NM5TS :I* NOT ONLY DISP5SE LAW BUT ALSO CONTROL A NATION'S ECONOMICS WILL HAVE AN OV5 GREAT] APPEAL 2 ON ! UNCONSCI\S LEVEL !Y REPRES5T -- 9 ! P]SONS ( !IR LEAD]S -- NOT ONE BUT BO? P>5TS 2 !Y 9H]IT ! FUS$ AU?ORITY ( ! FIR/ & MO/ P[]FUL ( ALL RUL+ CLIQUES4 ,IT IS NOT DIFFICULT TO UND]/& ! PSY*OLOGICAL FACTORS UND]LY+ ! ACCEPTANCE ( ! TOTALIT>IAN /ATE4 ,! ,G,O,V,],N,O,R,S4 0,GOV]NM5T IS ! AGGREGATE ( ! GOV]NORS04 ,AS HAS JU/ BE5 H9T$1 :5 WE COME TO ! CONSID]ATION ( ! ?IRD & F\R? TYPES ( AU?ORITY IT IS NECESS>Y TO EXAM9E 9 SOME DETAIL ! FACT ( LEAD]%IP4 ,ALL LEAD]S GOV]N1 ?\< ! ME?ODS ( A ,Y4,M4,C4,A4 GR\P-LEAD] MAY NOT BE SO EXPLICIT AS ?OSE ( A DICTATOR OR A P>TY-POLITICIAN 2 !RE IS NO ESS5TIAL DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ! LEAD] & ! GOV]NOR4 ,IT IS (T5 SUGGE/$ ?AT !RE IS A DIFF]5CE 9 ?AT ! =M] EXPRESSES4! DESIRES ( A GR\P1 :]EAS ! LATT] IMPRESSES HIS [N DESIRES UPON ! GR\P 2 9 ! ONE CASE ! GR\P ACTIVELY SUPPORTS1 & 9 ! O!R PASSIVELY SUBMITS4 ,AT WILL BE IMPLI$ 9 ! FOLL[+ P>AGRAPHS1 !SE ATTITUDES >E ACTUALLY ONLY ! POL>ITIES ( A S+LE PSY*IC COMPLEX1 SIMIL> TO & (T5 ID5TICAL ) SADO-MASO*ISM4 0,ACTIVE SUPPORT0 BY A GR\P IS DUE TO ITS ID5TIFICATION ) ! LEAD]2 SUBJECTIVELY ! FOLL[]S >E ! LEAD]1 & :5 AN EXT]NAL COMMUNITY OR !Y !MSELVES 70PASSIVE SUBMISSION07 >E ?REAT5$1 !Y OBTA9 ! VIC>I\S SATISFACTION ( GOV]N+4 ,9 EXTREME EXAMPLES SU* AS ?AT ( ,NAZISM1 ! FACT ?AT GOV]NOR & LEAD] >E 9DI/+UI%ABLE IS MANIFE/ 2 9 LESS OBVI\S CASES ! FACT IS NO LESS REAL4 ,LEAD]S ( ANY K9D CAN F9D NO SANCTION 9 AN>*ISM4 ,H]B]T ,READ1 9 DISCUSS+ ?IS MATT]1 SAYS ( ! 0EXPRESSIVE0 LEAD] 3 0 ,IT IS ?IS SECOND K9D ( LEAD]1 & ONLY ?IS K9D ( LEAD]1 :O HAS A PLACE 9 A COMMUNITY ( FREE PEOPLE4 ,& :O IS ! LEAD] :O EXPRESSES ! ?\TI/80 "9 ,P]HAPS BY EXAM9+ ?IS SUGGE/ION \R [N DEF9ITION CAN BE CL>IFI$4 ,! >TI/ DIFF]S 9 MANY IMPORTANT RESPECTS FROM ! GOV]NOR-LEAD]2 HE DOES MORE ?AN EXPRESS ! FEEL+S & ?\GE & HIRI$ ON BY A BUREAUCRACY -- ! ,CIVIL ,S]VICE 9 ?IS C\NTRY -- & ! POLITICAL LEAD] ACTS AS ITS REPRES5TATIVE4 ,9 LESS COMPLEX COMMUNITIES ! TWO FUNCTIONS >E FUS$4 ,BUT FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( ! L$ ?IS IS NOT A V]Y EVID5T DI/9CTION 3 BEH9D ! GOV]NOR !Y SEE ! BUREAUCRACY 3 LIKE ! P>5TS1 ! TWO >E ! OMNISCI5T ,!Y4 ,?IS MAKES IT V]Y EASY = A P[]FUL LEAD] TO TAKE OV] ! BUREAUCRACY & DE/ROY ITS NEUTRALITY1 = IT IS HE :O IS SE5 ! MO/ CLE>LY & IT IS HE :O IS FOLL[$4 ,SIMIL>LY1 ECONOMIC CONTROL MAY BE TAK5 OV] ) ! APPROVAL ( ! GR\P4 ,9 ! SAME WAY AS ! IDEA ( GOV]NM5T IS MODEL$ ON ! *ILD'S IDEAS CONC]N+ ITS P>5TS1 SO ! IDEAL LEAD] IS BUILT \T ( ! E>LY RELATION%IP ) ! FA!R4 ,AS ) GOV]NM5T ALSO1 !RE >E ?REE 9T]V5+ /AGES ( DEVELOPM5T1 R\E ! TWO ASPECTS ( LEAD]%IP -- ! FANTASY PROJECTION & ! OBJECTIVE HUMAN BE+S :OSE %ABBY 9ADEQUACY IT CLO!S4 ,! PO9TS ( DIFF]5CE 9 DEVELOPM5T & ! ORIG9AL EMOTIONAL TANGLE UPON :I* A ,HITL] OR A ,/AL9 MAY DEP5D1 NE$ ELUCIDATION4 ,! 9FANT1 ( C\RSE1 DEVELOPS ITS AMBIVAL5T LOVE-HATE ATTITUDE FIR/ 9 RELATION TO ! MO!R1 :O GRATIFIES OR FRU/RATES .<#f#c.> ITS DESIRES = FOOD & W>M? & PROTECTION2 :5 ! FA!R 5T]S ! FIELD ( CONSCI\SNESS HE COMES USUALLY AS ! TYRANT 7WE >E ADOPT+ ! PRIMITIVE VIEWPO9T ( ! *ILD71 ! ONE :O PUNI%ES1 FREQU5TLY 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! REQUE/S ( ! MO!R4 ,CONSEQU5TLY A GOOD DEAL ( HATR$ IS DISPLAC$ UPON HIM FROM ! LATT]1 & ?IS T5DS TO /ABILIZE ! MO!R-RELATION%IP4 ,LOVE AS WELL AS ANG] IS FELT = ! FA!R1 NOT ONLY BECAUSE HE GIVES PLEASURE1 BUT BECAUSE HE IS ! BELOV$ ( ! MO!R1 ) :OM ! 9FANT HAS ID5TIFI$ ITSELF4 ,HE IS 9 ADDITION1 H[EV]1 A RIVAL = H] LOVE & ATT5TION1 SO ?AT :ILE HAT+1 ! *ILD W\LD LIKE TO /EP 9TO HIS %OES1 TO BE ! GOV]NOR HIMSELF4 ,?US IT IS NATURAL = HIM TO WI% = ! FA!R'S DEA? 2 ! GUILT FELT BECAUSE ( ?IS IS ! ROOT ( SUBMISSION TO LEAD]%IP4 ,9 MAK+ SU* A REP>ATION ! *ILD 7& UNCONSCI\SLY ! ADULT7 IS NOT ONLY PUNI%+ HIMSELF AS HIS CONSCI5CE DEM&S1 BUT ALSO PLACAT+ HIS MO!R & E/ABLI%+ AN EV5 FIRM] LOVE RELATION%IP ) H] 3 ?AT IS1 BY SUBMITT+ TO ! FA!R HE TAKES OV] ! FUNCTION ( ! FA!R4 ,! FA!R1 9 IMPRESS+ HIS AU?ORITY OV] ! *ILD1 SIMULTANE\SLY EXPRESSES ! *ILD'S [N DESIRES4 ,! 5D-RESULT 9 A NORMAL PROCESS IS ! COMPLETE REPRESSION ( ! DEA?-WI%1 LEAV+ ! 9DIVIDUAL CONSCI\S ONLY ( LOVE & A DESIRE = SUBMISSION4 ,! FREQU5T /RIV+ TO BE LIKE ONE'S FA!R IS A COMPROMISE BETWE5 UNCONSCI\S REP>ATION 7KEEP ! FA!R ALIVE1 ET]NAL7 & AN UNCONSCI\S DEA?-WI% 7/EAL FROM ! FA!R HIS POSITION & P[]7 2 A COMPROMISE :I* SATISFIES BO? SIDES & ! CONSCI5CE4 ,LET US BRIEFLY COMP>E ?IS PICTURE ( ! SUBJECTIVE WORLD ( ! 9FANT ) ! FANTASY PICTURE LAT] PROJECT$ UPON ! REAL WORLD BY ! ADULT4 ,H]E ! LEAD] IS ! FA!R ( HIS PEOPLE2 HE ACTS AS ! EXECUTIVE ( ! GR\P1 PUNI%+ ON BEHALF ( ! GR\P & !RE=E JU/IFI$ 9 PUNI%+4 ,LEAD]S COME & GO2 ! GR\P 7MO!R-C\NTRY1 MO!RL&1 S\RCE ( FOOD & LIFE & W>M?7 REMA9S4 ,! LEAD] IS MASCUL9E1 ! GR\P FEM99E 2 ! LEAD] PROTECTS 70,PEACE 9 \R TIME07 OR IS SUBTLY ?REAT5+ 70,BLOOD1 TOIL1 TE>S & SWEAT074 ,! GR\P LOVES ! LEAD] & IMITATES HIM2 BY FOLL[+ HIM ! 9DIVIDUAL CAN BECOME ONE ) ! GR\P4 ,EV]YBODY HAS WANT$ TO BE ! LEAD] 2 ! LEAD] SPEAKS = ! GR\P & ! 9DIVIDUAL4 ,JUNG SAYS ?AT 0,AS ! FA!R REPRES5TS ! COLLECTIVE CONSCI\SNESS1 ! TRADITIONAL M9D1 SO ! MO!R REPRES5TS ! COLLECTIVE UNCONSCI\S4 4 4 4 40"9 ,! FEM99ITY ( A GR\P AS COMP>$ ) ITS LEAD] EXPLA9S :Y1 9 A S5SE1 ! GR\P IS ALWAYS A LITTLE AHEAD ( ITS GOV]NM5T4 ,! GOV]NM5T REPRES5TS YE/]DAY'S PUBLIC OP9ION1 NOT TO-DAY'S4 ,9 ?IS CONNECTION ALSO IT IS 9T]E/+ ?AT ,G]MANY %\LD BE 9FUS$ ) HOMOSEXUALITY4 7,K>L ,ABRAHAM E/IMAT$ ?AT 9 PO/W> ,B]L9 ?REE TO F\R P] C5T1 ( ! POPULATION WAS OP5LY HOMOSEXUAL47"9 .<#f#d.> ,:AT /AGES ( DEVELOPM5T 9T]V5E BETWE5 ! *ILDHOOD & ADULT FANTASIES8 ,!RE IS1 FIR/LY1 ! 9TROJECTION ( ! FA!R-IMAGE 9TO ! P]SONALITY1 :]E IT BECOMES P>T ( ! EGO-IDEAL1 C>RY+ ) IT ! SADI/IC IMPULSES4 ,IF !SE IMPULSES >E UNUSUALLY /RONG1 ! 9N] /RUGGLE BETWE5 EGO-IDEAL & 9/9CT IS FELT TO BE 9TOL]ABLE1 SO ?AT AN EXT]NALIZATION ( ! :OLE SY/EM BECOMES IMP]ATIVE4 ,9 ANY CASE A P>TIAL EXT]NALIZATION WILL TAKE PLACE & ! SOCIALLY MODIFI$ FANTASY WILL BE PROJECT$ UPON REALITY4 ,! IMPORTANCE ( ! FA!R-WOR%IP 9 ?IS CONNECTION IS1 ?AT IT GIVES GREAT] PRECISION & DRIVE TO ! PROJECTION ( GOV]NM5T4 ,!RE IS A FUSION ( GOV]NM5T & LEAD]%IP4 ,NEV]!LESS !RE IS A DIFF]5CE BETWE5 !M 3 BROADLY SPEAK+1 ! =M] IS CONC]N$ ) ! PROBLEMS ( RIE 9 ! E?ICAL SY/EM :I* WILL EM]GE1 IT NE$ NOT BE A V]Y GREAT %>E 2 GOV]NM5T IS DIFFUS$ ) ! IDEALS D]IV$ FROM ! MO!R1 ( G5TL5ESS & K9DNESS1 & AS WE HAVE SE51 IT HAS GREAT] DEP? & /ABILITY ?AN LEAD]%IP4 ,CONSEQU5TLY1 GIV5 CRITICAL AW>5ESS1 ! IDEA ( AU?ORITY CAN BE DISPLAC$ FAIRLY EASILY TO ! AB/RACT IDEALS ( JU/ICE1 TRU? & SO ON1 :]EAS ! IDEA ( LEAD]%IP CANNOT4 ,! SIGNIFICANCE ( ?IS WILL BE MADE CLE> 9 \R CONCLUSION4 ,! FIR/ P]SON UPON :OM LEAD]%IP WILL BE PROJECT$ IS ! FA!R4 ,LAT] 9 LIFE O!RS WILL BE *OS51 S*OOL TEA*]S1 CLUB P]SONALITIES1 POLITICAL LEAD]S1 ETC41 & A P>T-EXT]NALIZATION BE E/ABLI%$4 ,IF ! 9T]NAL COMPLEX IS COMP>ATIVELY WEAK1 IT MAY BE SATISFI$ ) ?IS4 ,A CULTURE :I* /R5G!NS ! DESIRE1 H[EV]1 WILL AUTOMATICALLY COMPEL ITS GR\PS TO EXP& COMPETITIVELY1 = !RE IS NO P]MAN5T SATISFACTION 9 ! SADO-MASO*I/IC PROCESS ONCE IT IS R\S$ TO ACTIVITY4 ,WE WILL CONC]N \RSELVES ) ?IS PO9T 9 ! NEXT SECTION4 ,! TIES :I* B9D ! GR\P TO ! LEAD] B9D ALSO ! LEAD] TO ! GR\P4 ,! LEAD] IS NOT IRRESPONSIBLE OR CONC]N$ ) PRIVATE AMBITIONS UNRELAT$ TO GR\P ASPIRATION 2 ! MORE TYRANNICAL HE IS1 ! MORE DEP5D5T IS HE ON ?OSE HE TYRANNIZES4 ,FROM HIS [N PO9T ( VIEW1 HE IS S9C]E4 ,DESPOTS (T5 TALK ( ! B5EFITS :I* !IR POLICY WILL BR+1 & IT IS OBVI\S ?AT !Y BELIEVE :AT !Y SAY4 7,NAPOLEON & ,HITL] >E GOOD EXAMPLES47 ,! LEAD]1 AT ANY RATE1 ?9KS HIMSELF AN 9/RUM5T ( ! PEOPLE'S WILL4 ,IT MAY BE OBJECT$ ?AT ! 0IMPRESSION-EXPRESSION0 *>ACT]I/IC ( LEAD]%IP IS ONLY ONE *>ACT]I/IC1"4 OR ?AT TOO MU* EMPHASIS HAS BE5 PLAC$ ON ITS SADO-MASO*I/IC ELEM5T4 ,! REPLY W\LD "4,F4 ,C4 ,B>TLETT1 = 9/ANCE1 CATEGORIZES LEAD]S AS ! DOM9ANT1 ! P]SUASIVE1 & ! 9/ITUTIONAL4 ,BUT ?IS DOES NOT WEAK5 \R ANALYSIS H]E1 ?\< ! LA/ ( HIS SUBDIVISIONS IS 9T]E/+ FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( ! REVOLUTION>Y4 ,HAV+ AB/RACT$ ! CONCEPT ( ! ,GOV]NORS & EXAM9$ IT1 WE CAN REPLACE & H5CE=? 9CLUDE IT 9 ! T]M ,GOV]NM5T4 ,! ,E,X,T,5,S,I,O,N ,( ,G,O,V,],N,M,5,T4 ,N[ ?AT WE HAVE \TL9$ ! PSY*OLOGICAL PROCESSES :I* UND]LIE ! /RUCTURE ( GOV]NM5T1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO ILLUM9E A LITTLE MORE CLE>LY ! FACTORS :I* MAKE = ITS GR[? & EXPANSION4 ,!SE FACTORS >E ! SAME AS ?OSE :I* HAVE ALREAOY BE5 DISCUSS$1 NAMELY1 9DIVIDUAL DESIRES 2 BUT DESIRES :OSE \TLET HAS BE5 UNDULY RE/RICT$ SO ?AT !Y DEM& EV] MORE =CIBLE REPRES5TATION TO ! FANTASIES & REALITIES ( LEAD]%IP & AU?ORITY4 ,! RE/RICT+ AG5CY MAY BE ECONOMIC BREAKD[N OR ! IMPACT ( AN 9VAD+ GR\P OR A N>R[+ TRADITION OR A HUNDR$ O!R ?+S1 BUT IT WILL ALMO/ C]TA9LY BE :AT IS USUALLY CALL$ 0EXT]NAL40 ,:5 ! 9DIVIDUAL MEETS ) 9SUP]ABLE OB/ACLES 9 ! PA? ( HIS DEVELOPM5T1 !RE IS A DANG] ( REGRESSION TO AN E>LI] PHASE3 ! PROBLEM WILL BE >TIFICIALLY SIMPLIFI$ & C>RI$ BACK TO A PO9T 9 P]SONAL EVOLUTION :]E IT CAN BE OV]COME -- APP>5TLY -- BY MORE PRIMITIVE MODES ( ACTION4 ,9 SOCIETY TO-DAY WE SEE SU* A REGRESSION TAK+ PLACE 9 FACE ( A COLLAPS+ ECONOMIC /RUCTURE 2 NOT ONE1 BUT MILLIONS ( 9DIVIDUALS >E RETREAT+ TO A DI/ORT$ V]SION ( ! PRIMITIVE PRIMAL HORDE1 TO UNRE/RA9$ VIOL5CE & P[]4 ,SOCIETY IS LIKE A GREAT WAVE CURL+ BACK FROM ! ROCKS ( UNEMPLOYM5T & HUNG] & 9SECURITY TO FALL AMONG ! TOY SOLDI]S ON ! HE>?RUG & ! *ILDHOOD OA?S ( OB$I5CE 9 ! COAL%$4 ,A COMMUNITY :I* P]MITS ON ! ONE H& ONLY A DE- SEXUALIZ$ CONCEPTION ( LOVE & ON ! O!R 5C\RAGES SADOMASO*ISM 7$UCATION1 FILMS1 W>1 ME*ANIZATION7 IS ONE :I* WILL 9EVITABLY BECOME MORE & MORE AU?ORIT>IAN4 ,! SADOMASO*I/IC COMPON5TS ( GR\P-=MATION CAN REMA9 FAIRLY /ABLE UP TO A PO9T 2 IF REPRESSION BECOMES TOO /RONG1 H[EV] -- MASO*ISM ON ! P>T ( ! GR\P -- ! 9DIVIDUALS CONC]N$ FEEL AN 9T5S] DESIRE = DOM9ATION4 ,FUR!R REPRESSION )9 ! GR\P IS IMPOSSIBLE & SO IT BECOMES AGGRESSIVE1 DYNAMIC 2 IT EXP&S4 ,ITS SADI/IC DRIVE DEM&S A WEAK OPPON5T1 & ACCORD+LY ! NEIE SE5 AS WEAK 7! 0DECAD5T0 DEMOCRACIES OR ! 0C[>DLY0 ,ITALIANS74 ,?IS IS ONE REASON = ! FAILURE ( APPEASEM5T4 ,!RE >E FEW SOCIAL GR\PS TODAY :O DO NOT /RIVE ) A GREAT] OR LESS] DEGREE ( SUBTLETY TO =CIBLY WID5 !IR B\ND>IES SO ?AT !Y MAY EV5TUALLY 9CLUDE ALL ! 0LOVE0-OBJECTS AVAILABLE4 .<#f#f.> ,9 ?IS CONNECTION IT %\LD BE REMEMB]$ ?AT SADO-MASO*ISM IS CLOSELY ALLI$ TO HOMOSEXUALITY4 ,CONSID] ! HOMOSEXUAL BACKGR\ND TO MOD]N ,G]MANY OR MILITANT ,SP>TA4 ,A ?IRD FACTOR IS A DECL9E 9 FAMILY FEEL+4 ,A DECREASE 9 ! SECURITY & IMPORTANCE ( ! FAMILY ROBS ! 9DIVIDUAL ( MANY ( ! SOCIALLY USEFUL =MS ( SUBMISSION & DOM9ATION4 ,ACCORD+LY1 HE SEEKS AN ALT]NATIVE UNIT1 ! ,/ATE4 ,F9ALLY1 WE MU/ RECOGNIZE ! DESIRE1 AS /RONG AS ! NE$ = FRE$OM1 = SOLID>ITY ) ONE'S FELL[S4 ,REF]5CE HAS ALREADY BE5 MADE TO ! RISE ( 9DIVIDUALIZATION FROM ! PRE-SELFCONSCI\S COLLECTIVITY -- REPEAT$ 9 ! 9DIVIDUAL ID5TIFICATION ) ! MO!R & SURR\ND+ OBJECTS4 ,! IMPULSES :I* >E USUALLY CALL$ 0SOCIAL 9/9CTS0 HAVE A SPECIFIC CONTACT H]E & MU/ BE SATISFI$4 ,A FREE1 9DIVIDUAL MAN IS A LONELY MAN UNLESS HE CAN SOMEH[ A*IEVE A SPONTANE\S1 CREATIVE FELL[%IP4 ,IF HE CANNOT DO SO1 IF SOCIETY :ILE (F]+ 0FRE$OM0 ALSO CRU%ES SPONTANEITY & TREATS M5 AS ISOLAT$ UNITS1 !N !RE IS A DANG] ?AT HE WILL R5\NCE HIS LIB]TY 9 FAVOR ( SUBS]VI5CE TO A GR\P & ITS GOV]NM5T1 :]E HE CAN 5JOY = A %ORT TIME AN ILLUSORY SOLID>ITY4 ,A COMMUNITY )\T PURPOSE1 MEAN+ OR SECURITY1 ?\< IT MAY MAKE ! 9DIVIDUAL 0FREE0 ALSO MAKES HIM A SLAVE4 ,! WORDS ( ,]I* ,FROMM1 :O HAS DEALT AT L5G? ) ?IS LA/ FACTOR 9 GOV]NM5T"9 >E ESPECIALLY RELEVANT H]E 304444 MAN1 ! MORE HE GA9S FRE$OM 9 ! S5SE ( EM]G+ FROM ! ORIG9AL ON5ESS ( MAN & NATURE & ! MORE HE BECOMES AN '9DIVIDUAL1' HAS NO *OICE BUT TO UNITE HIMSELF ) ! WORLD 9 ! SPONTANEITY ( LOVE & PRODUCTIVE WORK OR ELSE TO SEEK A K9D ( SECURITY BY SU* TIES ) ! WORLD AS DE/ROY HIS FRE$OM & ! 9TEGRITY ( HIS 9DIVIDUAL SELF40"9 ,! ,C,O,L,L,A,P,S,E ,( ,G,O,V,],N,M,5,T4 ,WE SEE !N ?AT M5 ACCEPT GOV]NM5T BECAUSE !Y WANT TO BE FREE FROM 9T]NAL CONFLICT & CO]CION4 ,!Y WILL SUPPORT GOV]NM5T ONLY SO LONG AS IT SUCCE$S 9 SATISFY+ ?IS DESIRE4 ,TO RECAPITULATE1 ! 0GOV]NM5T0 9 QUE/ION IS A FUSION ( TWO DIFF]5T ?+S1 ! HUMAN BE+S :O ACTUALLY RULE1 & ! SUBJECTIVE IDEA ( ,AU?ORITY :I* ! 9DIVIDUAL DISPLACES 79 P>T7 FROM HIS *ILDHOOD CONCEPTION ( ! P>5TS & SUP]IMPOSES VIA PROJECTION UPON ! OBJECTIVE REALITY4 ,?IS REALITY IS TO-DAY A POLITICAL ONE4 ,9 SEEK+ FRE$OM OV] ! LA/ ?REE DECADES1 :OLE SOCIETIES HAVE 5SLAV$ !MSELVES EI!R TO AN OMNIPOT5T1 ALL-SEE+ ,LEAD] OR TO A COMMITTEE ( SMALL] ,LEAD]S1 :I*1 EQUIPP$ ) ALL ! DEVICES ( APPLI$ SCI5CE1 EFFECTIVELY SUPPRESSES ANY LIB]TY :I* MAY REMA94 ,PREVI\S !OLOGICAL SY/EMS HAVE BE5 EV5 MORE EFFICI5T4 ,IT IS REASSUR+ TO REFLECT ?AT !IR RULE DID NOT LA/1 & ?AT ?IS WAS DUE TO ! CONTRADICTIONS 9H]5T 9 GOV]NM5T .<#f#g.> ITSELF1 CONTRADICTIONS :I* >E EV5 N[ HA/5+ ! DIS9TEGRATION ( POLITICAL AU?ORITY4 ,= 9 ORD] TO SURVIVE = MORE ?AN A V]Y %ORT SPACE ( TIME1 ! OBJECTIVE1 F\R?-TYPE GOV]NM5T MU/ LIVE UP TO ! /&>DS EXPECT$ ( ! ?IRD4 ,9 ! LONG RUN ?IS IS IMPOSSIBLE 2 9 ! %ORT RUN EXP$I5TS CAN BE ADOPT$ :OSE OP]ATION EXPOSES FUR!R CONTRADICTIONS & LAYS ! GOV]NM5T OP5 TO EV5 MORE DISA/R\S CONSEQU5CES4 ,! :OLE HI/ORY ( GOV]NM5T IS A RECORD ( ITS ATTEMPTS TO SOLVE ?IS PROBLEM1 OR1 HAV+ FAIL$1 TO DIV]T ! PEOPLE'S ANG] TO SOME O!R OBJECT4 ,! EXP$I5T USUALLY PUT 9TO PRACTICE IS ! ]ECTION ( A FACADE CORRESPOND+ TO ! FANTASY PICTURE ( ,AU?ORITY4 ,:5 ?IS FACADE MANIFE/LY FAILS ANY LONG] TO DECEIVE1 IT CAN BE *ANG$1 ! *ANGE BE+ ACCOMPANI$ BY A TREM5D\S BU/LE ( :ITEWA% & SCAFFOLD+ -- A G5]AL ELECTION OR A 0REVOLUTION0 -- 9 :I* ! DISSATISFACTION ( ! GOV]N$ CAN BE TEMPOR>ILY ASSUAG$4 ,9 ! DEMOCRACIES ?IS ALT]+ MIRAGE IS A SUCCESSION ( LEAD]S 2 9 O!R C\NTRIES ! SWIT*OV] IS SUP]FICIALLY -- TO A DIFF]5T K9D ( GOV]NM5T1 A DICTATOR%IP4 7,A GOOD EXAMPLE IS ! DE ,RIV]A C\P D'ETAT 9 ,SPA94 ,! MO/ /ABLE ( ALL AU?ORIT>IAN SY/EMS1 ! ,ROMAN ,CA?OLIC ,*UR*1 PLAC$ ITS FACADE UNASSAILABLY 9 ,HEAV547 ,A DICTATOR%IP BECOMES NECESS>Y :5 ! L9E ( LESS] GOV]NORS HAS BECOME A LITTLE TOO ?9 TO SUPPORT ! BURD5 ( PUBLIC BELIEF ANY LONG]4 ,! RESULTS ( ?IS EXP$I5T >E TO 9CREASE ! AM\NT ( EXT]NAL CONFLICT & COMPULSION TO A DEGREE NO LONG] CONTROLLABLE EI!R BY ! GOV]NM5T OR ! GOV]N$4 ,?IS IS CONTRADICTION NUMB] TWO4 ,& AS A FLOOD ( T]RORISM1 POLITICAL MURD]1 FAM9E & W> RISES TO SWAMP MORE & MORE ( ! 9DIVIDUALS CONC]N$1 ! ?IRD CONTRADICTION EM]GES 3 ! SECOND-TYPE GOV]NM5T IS R\S$ TO REVOLT4 ,PEOPLE BEG9 TO RE-APPLY E?ICS TO ! EXT]NAL WORLD1 TO TALK UNEASILY ( ! 9DIVIDUAL'S SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY2 SECOND>Y SY/EMS ( RIILY7 ELIM9AT$4 ,!RE IS A FUR!R PO9T TO BE NOT$4 ,?IS IS ?AT ! FIR/-TYPE AU?ORITY IS USUALLY SUPPORT$1 BO? MAT]IALLY & EMOTIONALLY1 BY ! F\R?4 ,A WEAK5+ ( ! ONE MAY DAMAGE ! PRE/IGE ( ! O!R4 ,9 SOME CIRCUM/ANCES ?IS FACT MAY BE ( GREAT IMPORTANCE 2 SU* A SITUATION WILL BE NOTIC$ 9 ! NEXT SECTION4 ,!RE IS NO SOLUTION TO ! PROBLEM FAC$ BY ! F\R?-TYPE AU?ORITY4 ,GOV]NM5T 9 ! OBJECTIVE S5SE WILL NOT WORK BECAUSE IT IS B\ND TO CONFLICT ) ! SUBJECTIVE -- BUT NOT LESS REAL -- SY/EMS ( AU?ORITY SET UP BY ! 9DIVIDUAL4 ,IT WILL NOT WORK BECAUSE MAN HAS N[ \TGR[N HIS ID5TIFICATION ) ! H]D2 HE DEM&S .<#f#h.> FRE$OM AS AN 9DIVIDUAL4 ,IT WILL NOT WORK BECAUSE IT DRAWS ITS SUPPORT FROM A M5TAL PROCESS :I* IS N[ ITSELF 9APPROPRIATE TO FULLY DEVELOP$ ?9K+ & ACTION4 ,PROJECTION 0444 IS ONE ( ! OLDE/ ( M5TAL ME*ANISMS1 IT S]VES A USEFUL PURPOSE 9 EM]G5CIES1 BUT ITS RET5TION AS AN ADULT ME*ANISM IS ONE ( ! GREATE/ DANG]S TO EXI/+ CIVILIZATION40 "9 ,:5 9DIVIDUALS LE>N TO UND]/& & ACCOMMODATE ! T5D5CIES ( ! UNCONSCI\S1 !Y WILL NO LONG] BE MISL$ BY ! TACTICS ( GOV]NM5TS1 & EXT]NAL AU?ORITY WILL F9ALLY LOSE ITS P[]4 "9 ,QUOTATIONS FROM 3 ,DEF9ITIONS 7#a7 ,MALATE/A 0,AN>*Y0 P4 #e4 7#b7 ,CRI*TON-,MILL] 0,PSY*OANALYSIS & ITS ,D]IVATIVES0 P4 I4 ,RELEVANCE ( ,PSY*OANALYSIS 7#a7 ,JUNG 0,MOD]N ,MAN 9 4,SE>* ( A ,S\L0 P4 #c#a4 7#b7 ,AUREL ,KOLNAI 0,PSY*OANALYSIS & ,SOCIOLOGY0 ,GOV]NM5T 7#a7 ,]I* ,FROMM 0,! ,FE> ( ,FRE$OM0 P4 #b#d#e4 ,! ,GOV]NORS 7#a7 ,H]B]T ,READ 0,! ,POLITICS ( ! ,UNPOLITICAL40 7#b7 ,JUNG 0,! ,9TEGRATION ( ! ,P]SONALITY0 P4 #a#a#c4 7#c7 ,QUOT$ 9 ,PET] ,NA?AN'S 0,PSY*OLOGY ( ,FASCISM40 ,EXT5SION ( ,GOV]NM5T 7#a7 ,FROMM 0,FE> ( ,FRE$OM0 P4 #a#a#h4 ,COLLAPSE ( ,GOV]NM5T 7#a7 ,GLOV] 0,W>1 ,SADISM & ,PACIFISM0 P4 #b#g4 ,PSY*OANALYSIS & ,GOV]NM5T 7,P>T ,I,I7 ,G,O,V,],N,M,5,T ,9 ,P,R,A,C,T,I,C,E3 ,G,],M,A,N,Y4 ,HI!RTO ! PROBLEM ( GOV]NM5T HAS BE5 TREAT$ FROM A M]ELY !ORETICAL /&PO9T4 ,IT IS4 TIME TO EXAM9E ! REALITY & SEE :E!R \R HYPO!SES1 D]IV$ FROM FACTS KN[N AB\T ! 9DIVIDUAL1 DO ACTUALLY MAKE MORE UND]/&ABLE ! MOVEM5T ( SOCIETY & ITS GOV]NM5TS4 ,SU* A SURVEY MU/ NECESS>ILY BE 9ADEQUATE1 & EV]Y PO9T CONSID]$ %\LD BE REG>D$ AS BE+ ONLY ! APPROA* TO A RAMIFICATION :I* CANNOT BE PURSU$ H]E4 ,! CASE ( PO/W> ,G]MANY IS WELL-ADAPT$ TO \R PURPOSE1 = A GLANCE AT ITS HI/ORICAL CONTEXT WILL %[ IT TO BE NOT AN ISOLAT$ PH5OM5ON BUT ! EPITOME ( MOD]N SOCIAL DEVELOPM5T4 ,PREVI\S TO ! FIR/ WORLD W> ! GOV]NM5TS ( ,EUROPE W]E PR9CIPALLY CONC]N$ ) EXT]NAL AGGRESSION1 ! ACQUISITION ( COLONIES ABROAD4 ,! GOV]NM5TS 9 QUE/ION W]E NOT YET EV5 POLITICALLY REPRES5TATIVE ( ! PEOPLE !Y PURPORT$ TO RULE2 9 FACT !Y W]E ! LEAD]S ( A M9ORITY GR\P )9 EA* ( !IR BORD]S4 ,= ! AV]AGE P]SON2 ! ,/ATE1 SYMBOLIZ$ BY CORONETS & C>RIAGES1 DIRECTLY AFFECT$ ONLY A SMALL P>T ( LIFE1 :]E IT /OOD = SECURITY & A RI S9CE IT HAD NOT YET TURN$ ITS :OLE ATT5TION 9W>D TO ! SOCIETY IT WAS SUPPOS$ TO SYMBOLIZE ITS PRET5SIONS W]E /ILL ACCEPT$4 ,! FUNDAM5TAL SOCIAL UNIT WAS ! FAMILY1 & L>G] GR\PS W]E SUBSIDI>Y TO ! NATION AS A :OLE -- GOV]NM5TS EV5 JUDG$ ! DISPUTES BETWE5 !SE GR\PS 9 AN APP>5TLY NEUTRAL WAY4 ,NOT ONLY HAD ! 9DIVIDUALS 9 SOCIETY NOT DISPLAC$ !IR ALLEGIANCE FROM ! MANY EXT]NAL AU?ORITIES TO ! S+LE ONE1 BUT -- = 9T]NAL PROBLEMS W]E AS YET UNACC5TUAT$ BY EXT]NAL FRU/RATION -- !Y HAD NOT YET PROJECT$ !SE PROBLEMS ) ANY UNUSUAL =CE UPON ! OBJECTIVE WORLD4 ,SOCIETY HAD NOT YET REA*$ ! PHASE ( :I* ,MUSSOL9I C\LD SAY3 0,! ,/ATE BECOMES ! CONSCI5CE & WILL ( ! PEOPLE40 7#a7 ,= ! COMP>ATIVELY RE/RICT$ GR\PS :O W]E 9TIMATELY B\ND UP ) GOV]NM5T1 ! OV]SEAS COLONIZ+ WAS ( CONSID]ABLE PSY*OLOGICAL -- AS WELL AS ECONOMIC -- IMPORTANCE4 ,IT PROVID$ AN \TLET = A /REAM ( POT5TIAL DISCONT5TS :OSE DISAFFECTION W\LD HAVE IMM$IATELY ?REAT5$ ! GR\P-/RUCTURE & !RE=E ! ,/ATE4 ,! *ANNEL H>D5$ 9TO A BASIS = A GR\P WAY ( LIFE1 A M9IATURE SOCIETY PREOCCUPI$ ) ! ,>MY OR PLANT] OR M]*ANT C>E]2 9 ! PRE-W> DECADE ! DISCIPLES ( ?IS WAY ( LIFE JO9$ 79 ,G]MANY7 ! ,NAVY ,LEAGUE OR SOME SIMIL> MILIT>I/ ORGANIZATION4 ,9 ,5GL& ITS 9FLU5CE CONTRIBUT$ TO $UCATION1 P>TICUL>LY ! TRA9+ ( ?OSE :O LAT] BECAME PUBLIC FIGURES4 ,! PUBLIC \TSIDE !SE RUL+-CLASS GR\PS W]E PREP>$ = ! FUTURE BY A MASS ( POPUL> FICTION :I* BECAME ALMO/ SAGA-HI/ORY4 ,! RELATIVELY /ABLE /ATE ( AFFAIRS WAS RAPIDLY BE+ UND]M9$ BY ECONOMIC & O!R SOCIAL *ANGES4 ,IMP]IALISM WAS REA*+ ITS CLIMAX2 IT IS UNNECESS>Y TO RETRACE ! FAMILI> \TL9ES ( ! PROCESS OR DWELL UPON ITS PSY*OLOGICAL RESULTS AT HOME4 ,A FACTOR :I* IS USUALLY UND]E/IMAT$ WAS ! CLOS+ ( ?OSE FIELDS = ! O!RWISE FRU/RAT$ :I* NAVE BE5 M5TION$ ABOVE1 A FACTOR ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT AFT] ! WUR = ME ,G]MANS1 :OSE COLONIES W]E CONFISCAT$ & :OSE MIDDLE-CLASS1 :I* HAD TAK5 OV] ! IDEOLOGY ( ! PREVI\S G5]ATION'S UPP] CLASS1 WAS SIMULTANE\SLY ?REAT5$ BY EV5TS NE>] HOME4 ,! /R5G? ( ! CRY = LEB5SRAUM1 ECONOMICALLY UNJU/IFIABLE EXCEPT = M9ORITY 9T]E/S1 BECOMES EXPLICABLE :5 ! PSY*OLOGICAL NECESSITIES ( !SE GR\PS >E TAK5 9TO ACC\NT1 ,F> MORE IMPORTANT WAS ! FALL 9 ! BIR?RATE & ! RISE 9 ! EXPECTATION ( LIFE1 :I* = MO/ ,EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES MEANT ?AT ! OLD] AGE GR\PS W]E MOV+ 9TO A /R5G!N$ POSITION ( DOM9ANCE & ! Y\NG]1 HAMP]$ 9 DEVELOPM5T BY AN 9CREAS$ ECONOMIC BURD51 BECOM+ MORE TI%] ?AN ! .<#b#c.> ONE IT DESPISES4 ,9 ,EUROPE ! PROCESS HAS BE5 REPEAT$ 9 POLITICAL T]MS TWICE1 5D+ 9 EA* CASE ) W>4 ,! DEEP5$ F]OCITY ( ! SECOND P5DULUM SW+ IS DUE TO ! 9T]V5TION ( ! #a#i#b#i-#c#c DEPRESSION1 :I* BR\ W]E ! DE/RUCTION ( ! SECURITY & PRE/IGE ( ! FAMILY & A WEAK5+ ( ! 9DIVIDUAL'S TIES ) SECTIONAL1 POLITICAL & RELIGI\S GR\PS4 ,LONELY1 9SECURE1 LACK+ MEANS ( EXPRESSION1 ! ORD9>Y MAN TRANSF]R$ HIS 9/9CTIVE DESIRES TO ! ALL-ACCOMMODAT+ NATIONAL UNIT & !RE A*IEV$ A DI/ORT$ SATISFACTION4 ,GOV]NM5T GREW /RONG1 & :5 ! W> 5D$ IT NOT ONLY PRES]V$ MANY ( ! NEW MAT]IAL POSITIONS IT HAD WON1 BUT ALSO ITS HOLD ON M5'S M9DS4 ,?US ?\< ! NATIONAL GR\PS HAD APP>5TLY FALL5 AP>T & ! 5]GIES ( !IR MEMB]S BE5 ABSORB$ 9 SUBSIDI>Y 9T]E/S1 ! FUNCTION+ ( ! LATT] WAS N[ CLE>LY SE5 9 A NATIONAL-UNIT CONTEXT1 SO ?AT ! EXT5SION ( A SUBSIDI>Y GR\P MID C5TRALIZATION2 AU?ORIT>IAN POLITICS -- ! DISCIPL9$ P>TY & ! DOM9AT$ ,TRADE ,UNION -- TROD HEAVILY ON TO ! ,EUROPEAN /AGE1 ,IT IS POSSIBLE N[ TO N>R[ \R SURVEY TO ,G]MANY ITSELF4 ,! ATTITUDE ( ! VICTORI\S P[]S HAD PROLONG$ >TIFICIALLY ! NATIONAL-UNIT CONSCI\SNESS M5TION$ ABOVE4 ,9 CONSEQU5CE ! ECONOMIC CRA% :I* FOLL[$ HAD A SIMIL> EFFECT ON ! MIDDLE CLASSES TO ?AT ( ! W>4 ,!Y SAW !IR CLASS FRU/RATION 9 T]MS ( NATIONAL FRU/RATION1 & BLAM$1 EVE0N MORE ?AT ! WORK+ CLASS OR ! POSSESS+ CLASS1 ! ,V]SAILLES ,TREATY4 ,SIMULTANE\SLY1 H[EV]1 ! SLUMP CAUS$ A FUR!R DECL9E 94 ! VALUE ( ?OSE NATIONAL SYMBOLS :I* W]E ROOT$ EMOTIONALLY 9 ! PA/1 I4E4 ! IDEA ( ! MON>*Y4 ,ADULTS ) FAMILIES1 ?AT FIR/-TYPE AU?ORITY :I* HAD DRAWN SO MU* ( ITS SUPPORT FROM ! ?IRD & F\R?1 N[ WEAK5$ AS !Y WEAK5$1 & ! Y\NG] G5]ATION F\ND IT EASY TO DISREG>D !M4 ,) EQUAL READ9ESS1 IT SEEM$1 !Y C\LD IGNORE ! CLAIMS ( ! EGO-IDEAL :I* HAD BE5 MOLD$ UPON ! FIR/- TYPE /&>DS2 ACTUALLY !SE CLAIMS W]E SUCK$ 9TO ! IDEALI/IC UND]-CURR5T ( FASCISM4 ,?US ! WAY WAS OP5$ = A GR\P :I* W\LD COMB9E A RETALIATORY NATIONALISM ) A HATR$ = ! PA/ & ! OLD2 :I* W\LD ?REAT5 BO? ! H]$IT>Y & ! MONOPOLI/IC [N+ CLASS1 & :I* W\LD P]MIT AN 9ITIAL LAWLESSNESS = ! 9DIVIDUAL )9 A FRAMEWORK ( ASCETIC DEVOTION TO AN EXT]NALIZ$ IDEAL4 ,! LA/ CONDITION WAS ! BASIS = ! TWO PREVI\S ONES1 & REFLECT$ AMONG O!R ?+S ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ! REAL & IMAG9$ /R5G?S ( ! SECOND-TYPE AU?ORITY4 ,HITL] ROSE TO P[] BY (F]+ TO SATISFY1 = HIS CLASS1 ! DI/ORT$ DESIRES BY :I* HE HIMSELF WAS DRIV54 ,! POSITION = ! WORK+ CLASS HAD BE5 RA!R DIFF]5T4 ,! T5D5CY TO SUBM]GE !IR SEP>ATE AIMS 9 ! W>'S COLLECTIVE EF=T HAD BE5 LESS M>K$ ?AN ?AT ( ! MIDDLE CLASS1 = !IR POLITICAL ACTIVITY HAD MADE !M MORE CONSCI\S ( !MSELVES AS A GR\P EXI/+ )91 BUT DI/9CT FROM1 ! NATION4 ,! FALL ( ! MON>*Y WAS ALREADY A DESIRABLE EV5T = !M2 !Y CAME \T ( ! W> )\T ANY P>TICUL> BITT]NESS AGA9/ ! ,ALLIES BUT ) !IR SEP>ATI/ FEEL+S 9T5SIFI$ BY ! APP>5T SUCCESSES ( ! WORK]S ABROAD4 ,! DEPRESSION /R5G!N$ ?IS T5D5CY3 :]EAS ! MIDDLE CLASSES ID5TIFI$ !MSELVES ) ,G]MANY1 & !IR FRU/RATION ) NATIONAL DEFEAT1 ! WORK]S 9CL9$ RA!R TO PROJECT !IR PROBLEMS 9 T]MS ( ! FUTURE ( ! 9T]NATIONAL WORK+ CLASS1 & TO PLACE ! RESPONSIBILITY = !IR DIFFICULTIES UPON ! CAPITALI/ [N]S4 ,!SE DIFFICULTIES1 IT %\LD BE PO9T$ \T1 W]E NOT AS OV]:ELM+ = !M AS = ! B\RGEOISIE1 :I* HAD BE5 US$ TO A HI<] LIV+ /&>D1 & MORE IMPORTANT1 AN EMOTIONAL OASIS = SECURITY4 ,COMP>ATIVELY CONSID]$1 ! WORK]S W]E LESS A PREY TO A S5SE ( 9DIVIDUAL HELPLESSNESS & ! DIS9TEGRATION ( FAMILY LIFE1 ?\< ! ALMO/ UNBROK5 S]IES ( POLITICAL DEFEATS :I* HAD FOLL[$ ! REVOLUTION URG$ !M ALSO T[>DS SUPPORT ( A P[]FUL GR\P :I* W\LD IF NECESS>Y OV]RIDE P>LIAM5T>Y ME?ODS 9 ORD] TO EXPROPRIATE ! POSSESS+ CLASS & SET UP A WORK]'S /ATE4 ,ON ! :OLE1 !RE=E1 ! MIDDLE CLASS WAS PSY*OLOGICALLY ! MO/ DYNAMIC 9 ,G]MANY4 ,ITS DEPRESSION 9TO ! WORK+ CLASS WEAK5$ ! LATT] AS A GR\P & /R5G!N$ ITS [N 9FLU5CE 9 ! WORK+ CLASS POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS4 ,!SE1 :ILE RECEIV+ NEW 5]GY1 RECEIV$ ALSO AN 9CREAS$ BIAS T[>DS ! AU?ORIT>IAN ASPECT ( !IR PROGRAM4 ,DUR+ ! YE>S PREC$+ ! ,H9D5BURG ELECTION ! LEFT-W+'S 9T]NATIONALISM WAS DILUT$ ALSO BY ! ,NAZI ?REAT AT HOME1 ! GR\P-CA!XES ( ITS MEMB]S BE+ =C$ TO CONTRACT TO OV]COME ! IMM$IATE DANG]4 ,?R\< !SE YE>S ( /REET-FI WAY BY 'BO? COMMUNI/ & FASCI/2 BO? W]E UNIT$ 9 HATR$ ( ! SOCIAL-DEMOCRATS1 BO? DESIR$ A 0/RONG0 GOV]NM5T 9 P[]4 ,ON MANY SECOND>Y ISSUES !Y DIFF]$ ONLY 9 !IR SLOGANS4 ,:5 ONE REMEMB]S ALSO ! T5D5CY1 REF]R$ TO 9 SECTION ?REE ( ?IS ESSAY1 TO ID5TIFY ! GR\P 9 P[] ) SOCIETY AS A :OLE1 IT IS NOT SURPRIS+ ?AT ! ,LEFT CRUMPL$ SO READILY BE=E ! ,NAZI ATTACK4 ,IT IS UNNECESS>Y TO PURSUE ! HI/ORY ( ,G]MAN TOTALIT>IANISM FUR!R2 ITS *>ACT]I/ICS >E ALREADY FAMILI> 5\<4 ,! NECESSITY FELT BY AU?ORIT>IAN GR\PS 9 G5]AL TO P]SECUTE O!RS EXPLA9S MO/ ( ITS ATROCITIES & ITS POGROMS2 ?IS NECESSITY HAS ALREADY BE5 DEALT )4 ,ITS ATTITUDE TO WOM5 IS TO SOME EXT5T PECULI> TO ! ,G]MAN BETWE5-W>S P]IOD4 ,BUT BY SETT+ ITS MANIFE/ATIONS AGA9/ ! !ORETICAL FRAMEWORK \TL9$ 9 ?IS ESSAY1 IT WILL BE SE5 ?AT L>GE-SCALE TORTURE1 M9ORITY P]SECUTION1 ! SACRIFICE ( ! 9DIVIDUAL TO ! GR\P1 & ! O!R REV]SALS ( CIVILIZ$ BEHAVIOR >E SYMPTOMS NOT M]ELY ( FASCISM1 BUT ( ,GOV]NM5T AS SU*4 ,!Y >E 9H]5T 9 ! T5SION BETWE5 RUL] & RUL$4 ,9 ESS5CE ! FOLL[+ QUOTATIONS C\LD HAVE EM]G$ FROM NOT ONLY MODEM ,G]MANY1 BUT ANY AU?ORIT>IAN GR\P 9 SOCIETY3 0,LIKE AN ILLUM9ATION IT COMES OV] !M ?AT ! DIV9ITY !Y >E SEEK+ LIES 9 !IR PEOPLE1 HIDD5 SOME:]E DEEP 9 !IR BLOOD & !IR DE/9Y40 7#b7 0,Y\1 \R ,FEUHR]1 WALK AMONG Y\R PEOPLE AS !IR ,R$EEM]40 7#c7 7,NOTE ! MASO*I/IC REF]5CE TO SOME?+ GREAT] ?AN ! EGO & OV]P[]+ IT-- BLOOD1 DIV9ITY1 DE/9Y4 ,! GUILT IMPLICIT 9 .<#b#e.> ! IDEA ( R$EMPTION4 ,! MUTUAL AWE ( RUL] & RUL$4 ,! DIV9ITY ( PEOPLE & LEAD]47 0,LEAD] IS ! OPPOSITE ( MAGI/RATE3 :O LEADS DOES NOT DET]M9E ! OBJECTIVE >BITR>ILY1 BY HIMSELF2 ?AT IS DONE BY ! L$4 ,! L$ >E ! PEOPLE4 ,BUT ! ,LEAD] KN[S ! GOAL & KN[S ! DIRECTION 4 4 4 :O C>RIES ! SPIRIT 9 HIM1 :O KN[S ! DIRECTION1 ?AT P]SON IS ! ,LEAD]40 7#d7 7,! MUTUAL TIES ( LEAD] & L$3 ! TWO ASPECTS ( LEAD]%IP1 IMPRESSIVE-EXPRESSIVE47 0,LIKE A WOMAN 4 4 4 :O WILL SUBMIT TO ! /RONG MAN RA!R ?AN DOM9ATE ! WEAKL+1 ?US ! MASSES LIKE ! RUL] RA!R ?AN ! SUPPLIANT4 4 4 40 7#e7 7,! GR\P AS FEM99E4 ,! SADI/IC ATTITUDE IMPLI$47 ,SU* QUOTATIONS C\LD BE MULTIPLI$ 5DLESSLY4 ,:AT IS IMPORTANT1 H[EV]1 IS !IR CO9CID5CE ) ! NEUROTIC ATTITUDES :I* DI/+UI% AU?ORIT>IANISM1 ?AT SUBMISSION TO ,GOV]NM5T :I* IS *>ACT]I/IC ( ! ORD9>Y MAN EV]Y:]E 9 WE/]N CIVILIZATION TODAY4 ,G,O,V,],N,M,5,T ,9 ,P,R,A,C,T,I,C,E3 ,! ,M,A,N,A,G,],I,A,L ,/,A,T,E4 ,HAV+ SATISFACTORILY RELAT$ ! RISE ( ,G]MAN FASCISM TO ! !ORETICAL CONSID]ATIONS PREVI\SLY ADVANC$1 IT WILL BE PR(ITABLE TO TURN \R ATT5TION TO ! P>ALLEL EXT5SION ( GOV]NM5T 9 ,BRITA94 ,UPON ! E>LI] PHASES ( ?IS DEVELOPM5T IT IS UNNECESS>Y TO DWELL2 AS 9 ! CASE ( ,G]MANY1 ECONOMIC 9SECURITY & ! ?REAT ( NEI4 ,! /RESS ( ! LATT] HAS C>RI$ ! PROCESS TO A /AGE ALMO/ 9DI/+UI%ABLE FROM ?AT EXI/+ UND] DICTATOR%IPS ELSE:]E4 ,SIMULTANE\SLY ! ECONOMIC BASIS = TOTALIT>IANISM IS SWIFTLY COM+ 9TO BE+1 & PLANS = ITS EFFICI5T FUNCTION+ & CONTROL1 TOGE!R ) APPROPRIATE SY/EMS ( $UCATION & TE*NICAL TRA9+1 >E ALREADY PREP>$1 ,\R ATTEMPT H]E IS TO E/IMATE ! DEP? ( !SE SOCIAL CURR5TS & 9DICATE ! K9D ( LEAD]%IP :I* IS MO/ LIKELY TO GIVE !M EXPRESSION 9 ! FUTURE4 ,! SOCIETY ) :I* WE >E DEAL+ IS B\ND TOGE!R BY ! USUAL GR\P-TIES4 ,!RE IS G5]AL AGREEM5T ON ! BASIC PSY*OLOGICAL ISSUES1 AN AGREEM5T MANIFE/$ BY ! COMMON BELIEFS 9 VICTORY1 NATIONAL UNITY1 NO DIS>MAM5T AFT] ! W>1 PLANN+1 9CREAS$ PRODUCTION1 ETC4 ,IT HAS A COMMON LEAD] 9 ,MR4 ,*UR*ILL1 :OSE DET]M9ATION1 VIRILITY1 & 5]GY >E C>EFULLY EMPHASIZ$ BY PROPAG&A4 ,ITS UNITY & /R5G? ( PURPOSE 70COLLECTIVE WILL0 W\LD BE TOO ALLUSIVE A PHRASE7 IS CONT9UALLY 9SI/$ UPON4 ,S9CE ! BEG9N+ ( ! W> IT HAS HAD V>I\S SMALL GR\PS AT HOME :OM IT C\LD' P]SECUTE1 RANG+ FROM ! CONSCI5TI\S OBJECTORS TO ,MOSLEY4 ,IT HAS RITUAL OCCASIONS1 RELIGI\S & O!RWISE4 7,TWO V]Y /RIK+ T5D5CIES 9 ! POPUL> DANCE TUNE HAVE BE5 ! FUSION ( RELIGI\S & MILIT>Y S5TIM5T -- 0,PRAISE ! ,LORD10 & 0,T>GET = ,TONIE EXPRESS$ POLITICALLY BY ITS ,CONS]VATIVE & REACTION>Y W+4 .<#b#f.> ,)9 ?IS G5]AL GR\P IS A DI/+UI%ABLE BODY :I* 9CLUDES ! ,TRADE ,UNION \TLOOK & ! EMOTIONAL DRIVE ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 HAS ITS [N LEAD]S 9 ! P]SONS ( ,BEV9 & ,MORRISON1 & IS RESPONSIBLE = MO/ ( ! EMPHASIS ON PLANN+ & PRODUCTION4 ,ALMO/ \TSIDE ! SOCIETY ALTOGE!R MOVE ! UNEASY LITTLE COLLECTIONS ( PEOPLE :OSE 9FLU5CE1 POLITICAL OR O!RWISE1 IS ONLY EFFECTIVE IF IT IS ALIGN$ ) SOME FAIRLY /RONG TR5D ALREADY EXI/+ 9 ! G5]AL GR\P4 ,! ATTITUDE ( ! LATT] T[>D !SE SATELLITES IS USUALLY ONE ( HO/ILITY4 ,BY BRIEFLY EXAM9+ ! BELIEFS LI/$ ABOVE WE MAY DETECT ! EMOTIONAL DRIVES ( :I* !Y >E ! EXPRESSION4 ,! URGE TO VICTORY HAS HAD SEV]AL VICISSITUDES1 & IS /RONGLY ASSOCIAT$ ) OV]-EVALUAT$ IMAGES ( A P[]FUL1 FASC9AT+1 & AT ! TIME ( ! ,BLITZ1 T]RIFY+ NATURE4 ,! SLOGAN ,VICTORY1 & ! 0,V0 SIGN1 HAS ALMO/ A MAGICAL1 AS WELL AS A DIRECTLY SEXUAL SIGNIFICANCE4 ,ITS EMOTIONAL UND]TONES D]IVE FROM ! SADI/IC F\NDATIONS ( AU?ORIT>IANISM1 & ONLY ITS SUP]FICIAL MANIFE/ATIONS >E LIKELY TO DISAPPE>4 ,ALREADY !SE EMOTIONS HAVE BE5 WID5$ TO 9CLUDE A CONSCRIPT$ & VIGILANT FUTURE1 9DICAT+ A TEMPOR>ILY WEAK5$ SECOND-TYPE AU?ORITY4 ,IT %\LD BE REM>K$ 9 G5]AL ?AT ! PAUCITY ( W>-AIMS IS NOT SO MU* A SIGN ( RUL+ CLASS BANKRUPTCY AS AN 9DICATION ( GR\P /R5G?2 0NATIONAL UNITY0 IS AN ACCURATE PHRASE4 ,! EMPHASIS ON PLANN+ IS A REACTION FROM ! FEEL+ ( 9SECURITY1 ,:I* 9 TURN IS CLOSELY B\ND TO ! MASO*I/IC ELEM5T 9 ! TOTALIT>IAN /RUCTURE4 ,IT REFLECTS ALSO ! G5]AL PESSIMISM REG>D+ ! FUTURE4 ,S9CE ?IS PESSIMISM WILL PROBABLY BE JU/IFI$ BY A PO/W> TRADE SLUMP1 ! DRIVE T[>DS ! PLANN$1 REGIM5T$1 & /ABLE SOCIETY WILL ALMO/ C]TA9LY 'BE CONT9U$4 ,! O!R CONTRIBUTION ( ! ,LEFT1 09CREAS$ PRODUCTION01 HAS NO SU* FIRM F\NDATION4 ,IT IS 9 ITSELF A NEAT DISPLACEM5T ( P]SONAL VIRILITY ON TO ! GR\P1 & PO9TS TO A %>+ ( ! LEAD]'S MASCUL9E ROLE & A LAGG+ BEH9D ! GOV]NM5T4 7,COMP>E ) ! FEM99E MASO*ISM ( ! ,BLITZ P]IOD1 :5 ! GR\P WAS 5ORM\SLY 9 ADVANCE ( ! GOV]NM5T OV] NE>LY EV]Y SOCIAL ISSUE47 ,IT IS EXTREMELY UNLIKELY ?AT ?IS POSITION WILL BE SU/A9$1 ?\< IT IS ( IMPORTANCE = \R SURVEY H]E4 ,TO SUM UP1 WE MAY EXPECT AN IMM$IATE FUTURE :OSE VALUES WILL BE !SE ( TOTALIT>IANISM1 :OSE DYNAMIC WILL 7BE AGGRESSIVE1 :OSE PREP>$NESS IS = MILIT>ISM4 ,IT WILL BE A PLANN$ SOCIETY1 ) PROBABLY A RITUALI/IC \TLET = ! 9EVITABLE REVOLT ( ! SECOND-TYPE AU?ORITY4 ,IT WILL1 E>LY 9 ITS DEVELOPM5T1 F9D A COMPROMISE BETWE5 ! PRES5T PRODUCTION DRIVE & ! FACTORS OP]AT+ AGA9/ IT -- PROBABLY ! COMPROMISE ( ME*ANIZATION4 ,! OLD AU?ORITY-SYMBOLS 7ROYALTY1 ETC47 :I* HAVE ALREADY LO/ MO/ ( !IR P[]1 WILL DEG5]ATE TO ! 5T]TA9M5T LEVEL4 ,WE MAY ASSUME FUR!R ?AT S9CE ,RUSSIA HAS N[ BECOME A SUBSIDI>Y AU?ORITY-SYMBOL = MO/ 9DIVIDUALS1 P>ALLEL 9 ITS OV]:ELM+ P[] TO 0NATIONAL UNITY01 !RE WILL BE A POLITICAL SW+ TO ! ,LEFT2 SU* A SW+1 BY WEAK5+ ! REACTION>Y ELEM5T 9 ! GR\P /RUCTURE1 W\LD ALSO HELP CANALIZE ! REBELLION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL CONSCI5CE M5TION$ ABOVE4 ,?IS \TL9E ( TOMORR['S PSY*OLOGICAL T5D5CIES IS 5DORS$ BY :AT WE MAY EXPECT ( ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T4 ,PLANN+ & A L>GE DEGREE ( PUBLIC [N]%IP WILL BE ESS5TIAL IF 9DU/RIAL DISORGANIZATION & TRADE DEPRESSION >E NOT TO FOLL[ ! W>4 ,! RECOV]Y ( 0EXPORT M>KETS1 & ! RE/OR+ ( A PRE-W> LIV+ /&>D1 NECESSITATE ME*ANIZATION2 ! 5ORM\S W>TIME \TPUT ( MA*9E TOOLS ALSO PO9TS 9 ?IS DIRECTION4 ,9 HIS BOOK1 0,! ,MANAG]IAL ,REVOLUTION01 ,MR4 ,JAMES ,BURNHAM HAS ADVANC$ ! !SIS ?AT A NEW TYPE ( SOCIETY IS 9 =MATION1 & A NEW TYPE ( RUL+ CLASS IS RIS+ TO A POSITION ( P[]4 ,HE GIVES AS EXAMPLES ( ?IS NEW SOCIETY ,RUSSIA1 ,G]MANY & ,ITALY2 ! RUL+ CLASS HE MEANS IS ?AT ( ! MANAG]S1 :O HAVE BE5 DESCRIB$ AS 0PRODUCTION MANAG]S1 OP]AT+ EXECUTIVES1 SUP]9T5D5TS1 ADM9I/RATIVE 5G9E]S1 & 9 ,GOV]NM5T AS COMMIS>S1 BUREAU HEADS & ADM9I/RATORS G5]ALLY40 7#a7 ,HE SAYS LITTLE AB\T ! PSY*OLOGY ( SU* SOCIETIES1 CONT5T+ HIMSELF ) ! FOLL[+ DESCRIPTION3 0,9 PLACE ( ! 9DIVIDUAL1 /RESS TURNS TO ! '/ATE'1 ! PEOPLE1 ! FOLK1 ! RACE4 ,9 PLACE ( GOLD1 LABOR & WORK4 ,9 PLACE ( PRIVATE 5T]PRISE1 'SOCIALISM' OR 'COLLECTIVISM'4 ,9 PLACE ( 'FRE$OM' & 'FREE 9ITIATIVE'1 PLANN+4 ,LESS TALK AB\T 'RILY DECADES ( MANAG]IAL SOCIETY1 MORE ( ! POSITIVE ELEM5TS ?AT W]E ONCE P>T ( CAPITALI/ IDEOLOGY 9 ITS RIS+ Y\?1 BUT HAVE LEFT IT 9 OLD AGE3 DE/9Y1 ! FUTURE1 SACRIFICE1 P[]4 4 4 40 7#b7 ,IT IS OBVI\S1 ?AT ?IS FITS ALMO/ EXACTLY \R SUGGE/IONS 9 ?IS SECTION4 ,BY TURN+ TO A ,FABIAN ,RESE>* ,S]IES PAMPHLET1 0,MANAGEM5T 9 ,TRANSITION0 BY ,AU/9 ,ALBU1 A MORE PRECISE DESCRIPTION ( ! MANAG]IAL CLASS 9 ?IS C\NTRY MAY BE GA9$3 0,! SAL>IES ( !SE (FICIALS V>Y FROM FIVE FIGURES D[N TO ! SMALL] HUNDR$S1 & !IR AU?ORITY V>IES OV] AS MANY 9DIVIDUALS4 ,BY CLASS ORIG9 !Y V>Y ALSO -- SOME HAV+ COME FROM ! RANKS ( ! >TISANS & SOME FROM UNIV]SITIES1 OR DIRECT FROM MIDDLE CLASS BUS9ESS FAMILIES2 !IR CLASS LOYALTY1 H[EV]1 IS PR$OM9ANTLY ) ! EMPLOY]S40 7#c7 ,DUR+ ! W>1 ! WRIT] SAYS1 ?IS CLASS 0HAS COME MU* MORE DIRECTLY 9TO ! S]VICE ( ! ,/ATE1 RESPONSIBLE TO ,GOV]NM5T DEP>TM5TS & ) ITS ACTIONS OP5 TO PUBLIC EXAM9ATION40 7#d7 ,HE GOES ON TO PO9T \T H[ ! MANAG]S >E T5D+ N[ TO CO-OP]ATE ) ! ,TRADE ,UNIONS & TO SW+ ,LEFTW>D 9 !IR SOCIAL \TLOOK1 & HE GIVES A LI/ ( 9/ITUTIONS1 9CLUD+ ! ,M9I/RY ( ,LABOR1 :OSE BUS9ESS IT IS TO TRA9 ?IS CLASS = ITS DUTIES4 ,! ,OR?ODOX ,M>XI/ W\LD CLAIM ?AT ! MANAG]S1 S9CE !Y >E NOT ID5TIFI$ ) A NEW MODE ( PRODUCTION1 >E NOT A CLASS4 ,WE HAVE 5DEAVOR$ TO %[ ?AT ! PSY*OLOGICAL T5D5CIES EXI/+ TODAY WILL DEM& EXPRESSION TOMORR[1 & WE HAVE SUGGE/$ ?AT ! MANAG]S WILL BE ID5TIFI$ ) !SE NEW MODES ( EXPRESSION4 ,!IR CLASS-IDEOLOGY EXI/S ALREADY2 !IR CLASS-CONSCI\SNESS IS COM+ 9TO BE+ N[4 ,!Y WILL BE AS RU?LESS AS ANY PREVI\S RUL+ CLASS 9 ITS ACQUISITION1 NOT NECESS>ILY ( WEAL?1 BUT ( P[]4 0,A SUBTLE DANG] EXI/S 9 ! V]Y NATURE ( ! ME?ODS ?AT ! GOOD MANAG] MU/ USE4 ,IF HE USES HIS P]SONALITY & PSY*OLOGICAL KN[L$GE & EXP]I5CE TO LEAD & DIRECT ! ACTIVITIES ( ?OSE OV] :OM HE HAS AU?ORITY HE MAY F9D ?AT HIS P[]S ( P]SUASION & MASS APPEAL >E AS =CEFUL WEAPONS ( CO]CION AS FE> ( ! SACK4 4 4 40 7#e7 ,BUT ?IS V]Y RU?LESSNESS ( ! RUL]S1 ?IS V]Y UNITY ( ! RUL$1 ONLY .<#b#h.> MAKES L\D] ! PROTE/ ( ! 9T]NAL GOV]NM5T1 9T5SIFIES ! /RUGGLE ( ! 9DIVIDUAL AGA9/ ! AU?ORIT>IAN GR\P4 0,! QUE/ = FRE$OM IS NOT A METAPHYSICAL =CE & CANNOT BE EXPLA9$ BY NATURAL LAW2 IT IS ! NECESS>Y RESULT ( ! PROCESS ( 9DIVIDUATION & ! GR[? ( CULTURE4 ,! AU?ORIT>IAN SY/EMS CANNOT DO AWAY ) ! BASIC CONDITIONS ?AT MAKE = ! QUE/ = FRE$OM2 NEI!R CAN !Y EXT]M9ATE ! QUE/ = FRE$OM ?AT SPR+S FROM ?OSE CONDITIONS40 7#f7 ,HI/ORY IS ON ! SIDE ( AN>*ISM4 ,C,O,N,/,R,U,C,T,I,V,E ,A,N,>,*,I,S,M4 ,MANY ( ! PROBLEMS :I* HAVE BE5 SKIRT$ 9 ?IS ESSAY -- ! PROBLEM ( FREEWILL IS OBVI\SLY ! MO/ IMPORTANT -- CANNOT BE DEALT ) H]E4 ,BUT WE >E N[ 9 A POSITION TO BR+ TOGE!R ?OSE L9ES ( ?\LI] & TO CONTRIBUTE !M TO ! AN>*I/ DISCUSSION ( GOV]NM5T & SOCIETY4 ,WE HAVE SE5 ?AT GOV]NM5T IS NOT M]ELY AN OBJECTIVE =CE :I* IS IMPOS$ ON M5 FROM )\T2 ON ! CONTR>Y1 M5 IMPOSE GOV]NM5T ON !MSELVES2 IT EXI/S )9 !M & !Y E/ABLI% IT 9 ! EXT]NAL WORLD4 ,A DESIRABLE ORGANIZATION ( SOCIETY W\LD BE ONE 9 :I* NOT M]ELY ! 9/ITUTIONS ( AU?ORITY W]E ABS5T1 BUT 9 :I* !RE W]E ALT]NATIVE \TLETS = ?OSE PSY*OLOGICAL FACTORS MAK+ = !IR SUPPORT4 SUPPORT4 ,! ATTACK ON GOV]NM5T IS !RE=E A D\BLE-PRONG$ ATTACK2 IT MU/ BE ACCOMPLI%$ BO? )9 & )\T ! 9DIVIDUAL4 ,EXT]NAL AU?ORITY1 AS WE HAVE %[N1 IS =EV] COLLAPS+4 ,?\< ADVANCES T[>DS AN>*Y MAY BE MADE AT O!R TIMES1 IT WILL NOT BE COMPLETELY A*IEV$ UNTIL ! FALL ( ! \T] GOV]NM5T CO9CIDES ) ! WEAK5+ ( ! GOV]NM5T )94 ,! WEAK5+ ( ! SUBJECTIVE AU?ORITY MAY BE/ BE ACCOMPLI%$ AT ITS S\RCE - ! *ILD4 ,! *ILD'S POSITION )9 ! FAMILY IS ( ! UTMO/ IMPORTANCE 9 ?IS CONTEXT1 = UPON IT DEP5DS ! FUTURE ( AN AN>*I/ SOCIETY4 ,A CULTURE :I* SUB/ITUT$ A SYMPA?Y TEMP]$ ) KN[L$GE = ! PITY M+L$ ) S5TIM5TALITY :I* IS ! CURR5T ADULT ATTITUDE T[>DS 9FANCY W\LD BE DESIRABLE2 FUR!R1 IT IS PROBABLE ?AT *ILDR5 :O >E ALL[$ TO MIX ) O!RS AT AN E>LY AGE1 AS 9 ! CRE*ES ( ! ,JEWI% ,COLLECTIVES 9 ,PALE/9E1 >E LESS 9CL9$ T[>DS DOM9ATION & SUBMISSION 9 LAT] LIFE4 ,9 !SE CRE*ES ! 9FANTS >E C>$ = BY !IR [N P>5TS1 :O TAKE IT 9 TURNS TO WORK !RE4 ,?US ! S\RCE ( AU?ORITY1 = ! *ILD1 BECOMES DIFFUS$ UNTIL IT 9CLUDES ALL ADULTS & ULTIMATELY ! :OLE SOCIETY2 TO PREV5T SOCIAL OP9ION BECOM+ TOO DOM9ANT1 H[EV]1 NURS]Y LIFE W\LD HAVE TO BE COMPLEM5T$ BY FAMILY LIFE2 WE HAVE ALREADY REM>K$ ?AT = ! ADULT ! LATT] IS A SAFETY VALVE = MANY IMPULSES :I* MIG] GR\P4 ,CRE*ES ( ?IS DESCRIPTION C\LD ONLY BE WORKABLE 9 A DEC5TRALIZ$ COMMUNITY ) P]HAPS ! COMMUNE AS A UNIT4 0,COLLECTIVE P>5TAGE0 IS ( C\RSE A FEATURE ( MANY PEACEABLE PRIMITIVE SOCIETIES4 ,! PROJECTION ( ! SUBJECTIVE AU?ORITY IS DANG]\S BECAUSE IT IMPUTES SUP]HUMAN P[]S TO O!R M5 OR TO NATURAL PROCESSES4 ,IF ! IDEA ( AU?ORITY IS DISPLAC$1 H[EV]1 TO IDEALS1 TO ! AB/RACTIONS CONC]N$ ) SOCIAL LIV+ & COMPLETE 9DIVIDUALITY1 !N ITS EMOTIONAL .<#b#i.> DRIVE CAN S]VE A USEFUL PURPOSE4 ,HI/ORY HAS %[N H[ EASY IT IS = ?IS DISPLACEM5T TO TAKE PLACE2 ORD9>Y LIFE PRES5TS EXAMPLES ( ! SUCCESSFUL DISSOCIATION ( ! AB/RACTION & ! M5 REPRES5T+ IT AT A P>TICUL> TIME4 ,REF]5CE HAS BE5 MADE TO ! POSITION ( ! >TI/ 9 SOCIETY4 ,IF1 AS ! WORK ( ,JUNG SUGGE/S1 ! ATTA*M5T TO AU?ORITY PROCE$S NOT M]ELY FROM *ILDHOOD BUT ALSO FROM ! COLLECTIVE UNCONSCI\S1 !N ! >TI/'S FUNCTION AS MY?MAK] & 9T]PRET] BECOMES PREEM95TLY IMPORTANT4 ,DIVORC$ FROM 9/ITUT$ AU?ORITY & BECOME P>T ( ! COMMON LIFE1 HIS WORK WILL1 LIKE AN AB/RACT IDEAL1 S]VE 9 P>T AS A MAGNET ATTRACT+ & PATT]N+ ! IRON FIL+S ( O!RWISE DANG]\S IMPULSES4 ,! MO/ IMPORTANT !ME SUGGE/$ H]E IS CONC]N$ ) 9DIVIDUALITY4 ,M5 >E NO LONG] M]ELY P>TS ( ! GR\P4 ,CONSEQU5TLY AN>*ISM MU/ DEAL ) TWO K9DS ( FRE$OM 3 FRE$OM TOR ! 9DIVIDUAL 9 SOCIETY1 & FRE$OM = ! 9DIVIDUAL AS A SEP>ATE UNIT4 ,! AU?ORIT>IAN ,/ATE PROVIDES ! FIR/ BY ROBB+ M5 ( ! SECOND4 ,ONLY AN>*Y CAN (F] !M BO?4 04 4 4 IS !RE A /ATE ( POSITIVE FRE$OM 9 :I* ! 9DIVIDUAL EXI/S AS AN 9DEP5D5T SELF & YET IS NOT ISOLAT$ BUT UNIT$ ) ! WORLD1 ) O!R M51 & NATURE8 0,WE BELIEVE ?AT !RE IS A POSITIVE ANSW]1 ?AT ! PROCESS ( GR[+ FRE$OM DOES NOT CON/ITUTE A VICI\S CIRCLE1 & ?AT MAN CAN BE FREE & YET NOT ALONE1 CRITICAL & YET NOT FILL$ ) D\BTS1 9DEP5D5T & YET AN 9TEGRAL P>T ( MANK9D4 ,?IS FRE$OM MAN CAN ATTA9 BY ! REALIZATION ( HIS SELF1 BY BE+ HIMSELF4 4 4 4 ,WE BELIEVE ?AT ! REALIZATION ( ! SELF IS ACCOMPLI%$ NOT ONLY BY AN ACT ( ?9K+1 BUT ALSO BY ! REALIZATION ( MAN'S TOTAL P]SONALITY1 BY ! ACTIVE EXPRESSION ( HIS EMOTIONAL & 9TELLECTUAL POT5TIALITIES4 ,!SE POT5TIALITIES >E PRES5T 9 EV]YBODY3 !Y BECOME REAL ONLY TO ! EXT5T TO :I* !Y >E EXPRESS$4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 POSITIVE FRE$OM CONSI/S 9 ! SPONTANE\S ACTIVITY ( ! TOTAL1 9TEGRAT$ P]SONALITY40 7#a7 ,GOV]NM5T 9 ,PRACTICE 7#a7 ,MUSSOL9I 0,IL ,FASCISMO40 ,QUOT$ ,G4 ,D4 ,H4 ,COLE 0,GUIDE TO ,MOD]N ,POLITICS10 P4 #a#g#e4 7#b7 ,HITL] 0,ZWIS*5SPIEL40 ,QUOT$ 0,G]MANY PUTS ! ,CLOCK ,BACK40 P4 #b#b4 7#c7 ,HITL] ,Y\? MEMB]4 ,QUOT$ 0,G]MANY PUTS ! ,CLOCK ,BACK40 P4 #b#d#i4 7#d7 ,DUETS*ES ,KULTURRE*T1 ,HAMBURG1 #a#i#c#f1 P4 #e4 ,QUOT$ 0,SPIRIT & ,/RUCTURE ( ,G]MAN ,FASCISM10 ,*AP4 #c4 7#e7 ,HITL] 0,ME9 ,KAMPF10 P4 #e#f4 7#f7 ,FROMM 0,FE> ( ,FRE$OM10 P4 #b#f4 ,CON/RUCTIVE ,AN>*ISM 7#a7 ,FROMM 0,FE> ( ,FRE$OM10 P4 #b#b#b4 ,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,NOVEMB] #c1 #aidc 3 ,PSY*OANALYSIS & ,GOV]NM5T -- ,PUBLICATION4 ,APRIL #b#e1 #bb 3 ,PSY*OANALYSIS & ,GOV]NM5T -- ,ADD$4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/