,RAVA*OL 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,OCTAVE ,MIRBEAU 

,TAGS 3 MA*9E GUN1 =C$ LABOR1 RAVA*OL1 LIFE1 DEA?1 JU/1 #a#h#i#b1 GOV]NM5T1 LABOR1 SOCIETY4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,C>LOS ,UB$A1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,D ,LIC5SE ,TRANSLAT$ & 9TRODUC$ BY ,ROB]T ,HELMS 

,FRANCOIS-,CLAUDIUS ,KO5+/E9 7,OCT4 #a#d1 #ahei -- ,JULY #a#a1 #a#h#i#b71 KN[N TO PO/]ITY AS  ,RAVA*OL1 WAS BORN TO ,DUT* & ,FR5* P>5TS AT ,SA9T-,*AMOND1 NE> ,/4 ,ETI5NE 9 ,EA/]N ,FRANCE4  ,HE WAS ANG]$ BY TWO ACTIONS TAK5 BY ! ,FR5* GOV]NM5T ON ,MAY #a1 #a#h#i#a4  ,ONE WAS AT ,F\RMIES1 :]E ! NEWLY DESIGN$ ,LEBELS MA*9E GUN WAS US$ AGA9/ A PEACEFUL ,MAY ,DAY RALLY AT :I* WOM5 & *ILDR5 W]E C>RY+ FL[]S & PALMS4  ,CASUALTIES !RE NUMB]$ #ad DEAD & #d W\ND$4  ,! O!R 9CID5T WAS AT ,CLI*Y1 :]E POLICE ATTACK$ A SIX-MAN AN>*I/ LABOR RALLY4  ,! WORK]S DEF5D$ !MSELVES ) PI/OL-%OTS & W]E SUBSEQU5TLY GIV5 LONG T]MS AT H>D LABOR4   

,RAVA*OL TOOK RETRIBUTION = ! ,CLI*Y DEF5DANTS BY BOMB+ ! HOMES ( ! PRESID+ JUDGE 7,M>4 #a#a1 #a#h#i#b7 & ! PROSECUTOR 7,M>4 #b#g1 #a#h#i#b74  ,DUR+ ! SAME MON? HE BOMB$ ! ,LOBAU ,B>RACKS 9 ,P>IS 9 RESPONSE TO ! ,>MY'S SLAU<T] ( 9NOC5TS AT ,F\RMIES4  ,!SE ?REE ATT5TATS CAUS$ EXT5SIVE PROP]TY DAMAGE1 BUT NO DEA?S4  ,RAVA*OL WAS PO9T$ \T TO POLICE BY A WAIT] 9 A RE/AURANT1 & !N ON ! NI<T BE=E HIS TRIAL BEGAN ON ,APRIL #b#e1 ! RE/AURANT WAS BOMB$1 KILL+ ITS [N]4  ,A LONG CYCLE ( V5DETTA BETWE5 ! AN>*I/S & ! GOV]NM5T WAS TO FOLL[4   

,RAVA*OL'S FIR/ TRIAL RESULT$ 9 A S5T5CE ( LIFE AT =C$ LABOR4  ,OCTAVE ,MIRBEAU'S >TICLE APPE>$ ! FOLL[+ WEEK 9 ,L',5DEHORS1 #eb 7,MAY #a1#a#h#i#b71 GIV+ ONE ( ! MO/ BALANC$ AN>*I/ VIEWS ( ,RAVA*OL'S T]RORI/ ACTIVITY4   
,TWO MON?S LAT]1 ?\<1 HE WAS EXTRADIT$ TO ,MONTBRISON 9 HIS NATIVE REGION & CONDEMN$ TO DEA? = ! KILL+S ( AN OLD H]MIT & A C]TA9 L&LADY HE ONCE KNEW4  ,BE=E HIS DEA? ,RAVA*OL D5I$ HAV+ COMMITT$ !SE MURD]S1 BUT HE ADMITT$ TO SOME BURGL>IES & GRAVE-ROBB+S4   ,HE WAS BEHEAD$ AT ,MONTBRISON & BURI$ !RE4 ,TODAY1 ,RAVA*OL IS AN IMPORTANT CULT H]O AMONG ,FR5* AN>*I/S4 

,HIS HEAD ESCAPES ! GUILLOT9E6 

,! JURORS :O HAVE D>$ TO DO ?IS1 :O COV]$ !IR E>S TO ! B>K+ CLAMORS ( DEA?1 --W]E !Y AFRAID8  ,W]E !Y AFRAID TO KILL A MAN :OSE MY/]I\S V5GEANCE WON'T 5TIRELY DIE ) HIM8  ,OR 9DE$1 BEYOND ! ACT ITSELF1 ! AWESOME HORROR ( :I* WAS BE+ H[L$ AT !M1 DID !Y HE> ! VOICE ( ?AT =W>D-LOOK+ IDEA1 ! DOM9ANT IDEA ?AT SPECIFICALLY *>ACT]IZES ?IS ACT & 5NOBLES IT8  ,I DON'T KN[4  ,ONE NEV] KN[S :AT CAN HAPP5 9 ! CONSCI5CE ( A JUROR1 OR :AT ULTIMATE COMPULSION HE OBEYS1 :5 DI%+ \T LIFE & DEA?4 

,! JURORS DIDN'T TREMBLE AS MU* AS ! PRESS ?AT SNE]$ AT !M1 ABUS$ !M1 & DAMN$ !M4  ,! PRESS WANT$ BLOOD4  ,JU/ LIKE ! CRUDE MIDDLE CLASS1 :OSE BL9D 9/9CTS !Y REFLECT1 & :OSE ?REAT5$ PRIVILEGES !Y DEF5D1 ! J\RNALI/S >E AFRAID4  ,& FE> IS A SAVAGE ?+4  ,= TO GIVE ITSELF ! ILLUSION ( A FI]CE C\RAGE1 FE> LIKES TO APPLY R\GE TO ITS PALE FEATURES4  ,!Y BELIEVE1 ALSO1 ?AT ! S\ND ( ! LEGAL BLADE1 & ! S\ND ( MUTILAT$ FLE% B\NC+ ON ?AT 9FAM\S PLANK1 CAN DR[N \T ! S\ND ( ! GR9D+ TEE?1 ! RAC+ PULSES1 & ! VOICES :I* GR[ BOLD] & ANGRI] EV]Y DAY1 BOIL+ UP FROM ! HELLI% UND]BELLY ( SOCIETY4  ,! PRESS IS MI/AK54  ,!RE >E C]TA9 CORPSES ?AT WALK AGA91 & C]TA9 VOICES ?AT WON'T BE /IFL$4  ,& ! VOID IS FILL$ ) T]RIBLE 5IGMAS4   

,I AM HORRIFI$ BY ! BLOOD%$1 ! RU9S1 & ! DEA?2 ,I LOVE LIFE1 & ALL LIFE IS SACR$ TO ME4  ,?IS IS :Y ,I'M GO+ TO ASK = ! AN>*I/ IDEAL :I* NO =M ( GOV]NM5T CAN CREATE3 LOVE1 BEAUTY1 & PEACE BETWE5 M54  ,RAVA*OL DOESN'T FRI<T5 ME4  ,HE IS AS TRANSI5T AS ! T]ROR HE 9SPIRES4  ,HE IS ! ?UND] CLAP ?AT IS FOLL[$ BY ! GLORY ( ! SUN & ! CALM SKY4   

,BEYOND ! SOMB] TASK AT H& SMILES ! ADMIRABLE ,KROPOTK9'S DREAM ( UNIV]SAL H>MONY4 

,BESIDES1 \R SOCIETY HAS NO RI<T TO COMPLA91 S9CE IT HAS GIV5 BIR? TO ,RAVA*OL3 IT S[$ MIS]Y1 & REAP$ REVOLUTION4   

,?IS IS JU/4 

,& ?IS BEGS ! QUE/ION444 

,:O IS IT --?R\<\T ?IS 5DLESS PROCESSION ( TORTURES :I* HAS BE5 ! HI/ORY ( ! HUMAN RACE --:O IS IT ?AT %$S ! BLOOD1 ALWAYS ! SAME1 REL5TLESSLY1 )\T ANY PAUSE = ! SAKE ( M]CY8  ,GOV]NM5TS1 RELIGIONS1 9DU/RIES1 =C$ LABOR CAMPS1 ALL ( !SE >E DR5*$ 9 BLOOD4  ,! MURD] IS WE>Y ( !IR LAWS1 !IR PRAY]S1 & !IR PROGRESS4  ,AGA9 JU/ REC5TLY1 !RE W]E ! FR5ZI$ BUT*]S :O TURN$ ,P>IS 9TO A SLAU<T]H\SE AS ! ,COMMUNE P]I%$4 ,!RE W]E PO9TLESS MASSACRES1 SU* AS AT ,F\RMIES :]E ! BODIES ( 9NOC5T WOM5 & LITTLE KIDS TRI$ \T ! BALLI/IC VIRTUES ( ! ,LEBELS MA*9E GUN = ! FIR/ TIME4  ,& !RE >E ALWAYS ! M9ES 9 :I* FIFTY1 A HUNDR$1 OR FIVE HUNDR$ POOR DEVILS >E SUFFOCAT$1 SWALL[$ 9 A S+LE MOM5T ( HORRIBLE DE/RUCTION1 !IR *>R$ BODIES NEV] TO SEE DAYLI<T AGA94  ,& !RE >E ALSO ! HORRID CONQUE/S ( DI/ANT C\NTRIES :]E HAPPY RACES1 UNKN[N & PEACEFUL1 GROAN UND] ! BOOT ( ?AT ROBB] ( CONT95TS1 ?AT FIL?Y RAPI/ ( =E/ COMMUNITIES & VIRG9 L&S1 ! WE/]N SLAVE TRAD]4    

,EA* FOOT/EP TAK5 9 ?IS SOCIETY BRI/LES ) PRIVILEGES1 & IS M>K$ ) A BLOOD/A92 EA* TURN ( ! GOV]NM5T MA*9]Y GR9DS ! TUMBL+1 GASP+ FLE% ( ! POOR2 & TE>S >E RUNN+ FROM EV]Y:]E 9 ! IMP5ETRABLE NI<T ( SUFF]+4  ,FAC+ !SE 5DLESS MURD]S & CONT9U\S TORTURES1 :AT'S ! MEAN+ ( SOCIETY1 ?IS CRUMBL+ WALL1 ?IS COLLAPS+ /AIRCASE8 

,WE LIVE 9 UGLY TIMES4  ,! MIS]Y HAS NEV] BE5 WORSE1 BECAUSE IT'S NEV] BE5 MORE OBVI\S1 & IT'S NEV] /OOD CLOS] TO ! SPECTACLE ( WA/$ RI*ES & ! PROMIS$ L& ( WELL-BE+ FROM :I* IT IS REL5TLESSLY TURN$ AWAY4  ,NEV] HAS ! LAW1 :I* PROTECTS ONLY ! BANKS1 PRESS$ SO H>D UPON ! TORTUR$ %\LD]S ( ! POOR4  ,CAPITALISM IS 9SATIABLE1 & ! WAGE SY/EM COMP\NDS ! EVILS ( ANCI5T SLAV]Y4  ,! %OPS >E PACK$ FULL ( CLO?+1 & !RE >E ?OSE :O GO AB\T COMPLETELY NAK$2 ! 9DIFF]5T RI* >E PUK+ UP FOOD1 :ILE O!RS P]I% FROM HUNG] 9 !IR DOORWAYS4  ,NO CRY IS HE$$3 :5EV] A S+LE1 L\D] COMPLA9T P5ETRATES ! D9 ( SAD MURMURS1 ! ,LEBELS IS LOAD$ & ! TROOPS >E MOBILIZ$4   

,& ?AT'S NOT ALL4 

,A POPULATION DOES NOT LIVE SOLELY ON ITS /OMA*4  ,IT ALSO HAS A LIFE ( ! M9D4  ,ITS 9TELLECTUAL JOYS >E JU/ AS NECESS>Y AS ITS PHYSICAL JOYS4  ,IT HAS A RI<T TO BEAUTY JU/ AS IT HAS A RI<T TO BREAD4  ,9DE$1 ?OSE :O C\LD GIVE IT ITS HI<] PLEASURES1 ?OSE :O C\LD 9TRODUCE TO ! PEOPLE ?IS VITAL BEAUTY >E TREAT$ LIKE PUBLIC 5EMIES1 HUNT$ D[N AS CRIM9ALS1 H\ND$ = BE+ AN>*I/S & BEAT5 LIKE BEGG>S4  ,!Y >E R$UC$ TO A SOLIT>Y LIFE4  ,AN 5ORM\S B>RI] SEP>ATES !M FROM ! CR[D1 BY :OM !Y >E REG>D$ AS REPULSIVE SPECTACLES1 & OV] :OM !RE IS SPREAD ! 5ORM\S1 SORDID1 IMP5ETRABLE VEIL ( TRIUMPHANT /UPIDITY4  ,WE >E WITNESS+ AN 9CR$IBLE SOCIAL MOM5T3 AT ?IS TIME1 :ILE ABUNDANT ) GREAT ?9K]S1 ! PUBLIC TA/E HAS NEV] BE5 SO DEGRAD$1 NOR HAS IGNORANCE EV] 5JOY$ SU* BASE PLEASURES4  ,SURELY1 IF ! H\R 9 :I* WE LIVE IS HIDE\S1 IT IS =MIDABLE AS WELL3 IT'S ! H\R ( POPUL> AWAK5+4  ,& ?IS H\R IS FULL ( UNC]TA9TY4  ,! PATI5CE ( ! D[NTRODD5 & ! DISPOSSESS$ HAS LA/$ LONG 5\<4  ,!Y WANT TO LIVE1 !Y WANT TO 5JOY1 !Y WANT !IR %>E ( ALL ! HAPP9ESS & SUN%9E4  ,:ATEV] ! RUL]S DO1 REACT+ TO !IR WOR/ FE>S1 !Y WILL NOT =E/ALL ! 9EVITABLE C\RSE ( EV5TS4  ,WE'RE T\*+ UPON A DECISIVE MOM5T 9 HUMAN HI/ORY4  ,! OLD WORLD IS COLLAPS+ UND] ! WEI<T ( ITS [N CRIMES1 & IS ITSELF LI<T+ ! FUZE ( ! BOMB ?AT WILL BLA/ IT ALL AWAY4  ,?IS BOMB WILL BE ALL ! MORE T]RIBLE BECAUSE IT WILL CONTA9 NEI!R GUNP[D] NOR DYNAMITE4  ,IT'LL CONTA9 COMPASSION & AN IDEA2 TWO =CES AGA9/ :I* NO?+ CAN BE DONE4 

,FROM 3 ,MID-,ATLANTIC ,9FO%OP4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #h1 #bag 3 ,RAVA*OL -- ,ADD$4 
,DECEMB] #c1 #bba 3 ,RAVA*OL -- ,UPDAT$4 

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