,REVISIT+ ! ,LEGACY ( ! #aiib ,L,A ,RIOTS 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CRIME?,9C4 

,TEXT 3 

,ON ,M>* #c1 #a#i#i#a1 ,LOS ,ANGELES POLICE (FIC]S RAN D[N A TAXI DRIV]1 PURSU+ HIM ) SEV]AL POLICE C>S & A POLICE HELICOPT] ON ! GR\NDS ?AT HE WAS SPE$+ & W\LD NOT PULL OV]4 ,!Y CORN]$ HIM1 !N TAS]$ HIM & BEAT HIM ) BATONS = SEV]AL M9UTES4 ,HIS NAME WAS ,RODNEY ,K+4 ,A LOCAL CAMCORD] [N]1 ,GEORGE ,HOLLIDAY1 CAU<T SOME ( ! POLICE VIOL5CE ON VIDEO4 ,ON ,APRIL #b#i1 #a#i#i#b1 A JURY ACQUITT$ ! (FIC]S :O HAD ASSAULT$ ,K+2 EV5 ! MAYOR EXPRESS$ DISBELIEF4 ,S\? ,C5TRAL ,LOS ,ANGELES ]UPT$ 9TO RIOTS & LOOT+ ?AT CONT9U$ = FIVE DAYS & SPREAD TO MANY O!R CITIES4 ,9 RESPONSE1 ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>D1 ! ,9FANTRY1 & ! ,M>9ES JO9$ ! POLICE 9 BRUTALIZ+ RESID5TS ( ,LOS ,ANGELES2 = EXAMPLE1 9 ONE 9/ANCE1 AS A CONSEQU5CE ( AN APP>5T MISUND]/&+1 ,U,S ,M>9ES FIR$ OV] #b R\NDS 9TO A H\SE OCCUPI$ BY A WOMAN & SEV]AL *ILDR54 

,DESPITE ALL ?IS REPRESSIVE VIOL5CE1 MANY P>TICIPANTS REMEMB] ! RIOTS AS A HI< PO9T ( JOY\S COMMUNITY SPIRIT4 ,! RIOTS DEMON/RAT$ A WAY ( COM+ TOGE!R \TSIDE ! DIVISIONS IMPOS$ BY :ITE SUPREMACY & ! CAPITALI/ DI/RIBUTION ( WEAL?2 !Y IGNIT$ A R5AISSANCE ( CREATIVE ANTI-COP ACTIVITY4 ,9 #b#a#h1 WE LOOK BACK TO !M AS AN IMPORTANT EPISODE ( ! LONG LEGACY ( /RUGGLES AGA9/ ! POLICE ?AT CONT9UES ) ! UPRIS+S 9 ,F]GUSON1 ,OAKL&1 ,BALTIMORE1 & ELSE:]E4 

,TO OBS]VE ! #b#f-YE> ANNIV]S>Y ( ! RIOTS1 LET'S REVISIT SOME ( ! UNRULY MUSIC !Y 9SPIR$4 

,AT ! OP5+ ( ! #a#i#iS1 GANG/] RAP HAD NOT YET BE5 DEGRAD$ 9TO A CONSUM] PRODUCT = PR$OM9ANTLY :ITE SUBURBAN Y\?4 ,AN ASSOCIATE ( ,PUBLIC ,5EMY & O!R EXPLICIT ADVOCATES ( BLACK P[]1 ,ICE-,T EPITOMIZ$ ! E>LY SPIRIT ( GANG/] RAP4 ,BE=E ! ,L,A RIOTS1 HE HAD ALREADY RECORD$ ! CONTROV]SIAL SONG 0,COP ,KILL]0 ) HIS ?RA% B& ,BODY ,C\NT1 TO ! FRO?+ DISMAY ( !N-,PRESID5T ,GEORGE ,BU%1 ,VICE ,PRESID5T ,DAN ,QUAYLE1 & ,AL ,GORE'S WIFE1 ,TIPP]4 

,H[EV]1 FEW REMEMB] ?AT AFT] ! RIOTS1 ,ICE-,T COLLABORAT$ ) FELL[ ,LOS ,ANGELES RESID5TS ,SLAY]1 AMONG ! WORLD'S MO/ NOTORI\S METAL MUSICIANS1 TO PUT ! RAGE & *AOS ( ! RIOTS ON TAPE4 ,TOGE!R1 !Y RECORD$ A M$LEY ( ?REE SONGS (F 0,TROOPS ( ,TOMORR[10 ! SECOND & >GUABLY BE/ ALBUM BY ,SCOTTI% PUNK MA9/AYS ,! ,EXPLOIT$1 UPDAT+ ! LYRICS TO DEAL ) ! CONDITIONS 9 ,LOS ,ANGELES ?AT PRODUC$ ! UPHEAVAL4 ,! ,EXPLOIT$ SONG 0,U,K #h#b10 = EXAMPLE1 BECAME 0,L,A #i#b40 

,M9D Y\1 ,SLAY] IS 9 ! DO<\SE ) US--WE /ILL REMEMB] !IR COV] ( ,M9OR ,?REAT'S 0,GUILTY ( ,BE+ ,:ITE40 ,BUT IF !Y C\LD HAVE %UT ! FUCK UP & SIMPLY S]V$ AS A BACK+ B& = ,ICE-,T1 MUSIC HI/ORY C\LD HAVE PLAY$ \T DIFF]5TLY4 ,?IS COLLABORATION BETWE5 REBELS FROM DI/9CT YET OV]LAPP+ MUSICAL /YLES & COMMUNITIES EXEMPLIFIES ! PROMISE ( ! RIOTS ?AT ! CONFLICTS BETWE5 RACIAL GR\PS C\LD GIVE WAY TO A %>$ /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! AU?ORITIES4.<#a.> 

,?IS SONG BY ,KAM SPELLS \T ! SAME MESSAGE AB\T ! RIOTS3 0,IT WASN'T JU/ ! BLACKS--EV]YONE WAS LOOT+ & HAD EA* O!R'S BACKS40 ,KAM ALSO EMPHASIZES ! IMPORTANCE ( ! GANG TRUCE ?AT PROCE$$ ! UPRIS+ 9 SETT+ ! /AGE = ! OPPRESS$ ( ,LOS ,ANGELES TO RISE UP TOGE!R4 ,ON ,APRIL #b#f1 ?REE DAYS BE=E ! ,RODNEY ,K+ V]DICT1 ,BLOODS & ,CRIPS >RANG$ A HI/ORIC CEASEFIRE 9 ,S\? ,C5TRAL ,LOS ,ANGELES4 ,! /ORY IS DOCUM5T$ 9 ,JEFF ,*ANG'S EXCELL5T ,CAN'T ,/OP1 ,WON'T ,/OP3 ,A ,HI/ORY ( ! ,HIP-,HOP ,G5]ATION1 :I* ALSO (F]S A PLAY-BY-PLAY ACC\NT ( ! RIOTS !MSELVES4 

,! O!R CLASSIC HIP-HOP TRACK AB\T ! RIOTS IS ADMITT$LY ,DR4 ,DRE'S ,! ,DAY ! ,NIGGAZ ,TOOK ,OV]1 :I* 9CLUDES SAMPLES FROM ,MAT!W ,MC,DANIELS' DOCUM5T>Y 0,BIR? ( A ,NATION #dX#b#iX#i#b40.<#b.> ,AL?\< WE HOLD ,DRE & ,SNOOP ,DOGG P>TLY RESPONSIBLE = GANG/] RAP'S DEBASEM5T TO BLACK-ON-BLACK BEEF = ! B5EFIT ( PR$OM9ANTLY :ITE CONSUM]S1 ?IS TRACK 9DICATES H[ POLITICIZ$ EV5 APOLITICAL RAP /ILL WAS 9 #a#i#i#b1 & H[ WIDELY LEGITIMIZ$ ! RIOTS W]E4 

,YE>S AFT] ,BOB ,M>LEY RECORD$ 0,BURN9 & ,LOOT910 ,LOS ,ANGELES SKA_/PUNK B& ,SUBLIME WROTE !IR [N AN!M TO 9SURRECTION>Y UPRIS+S4 ,! LYRICS ESCORT ! LI/5] ?R\< A PROLET>IAN %OPP+ SPREE FEATUR+ A V>IETY ( PRODUCTS ?AT HAD REMA9$ BEYOND ! SONGWRIT]S' REA* UNTIL ! RIOTS UND]M9$ ! USUAL P[] RELATIONS ( CAPITALISM4 ,VOCALI/ ,BRADLEY ,NOEL EMPHASIZES ?AT ! RIOTS W]E NOT SIMPLY A PROTE/ AGA9/ AN EXCEPTIONAL 9/ANCE ( POLICE BRUTALITY1 BUT A REJECTION ( POLIC+ 9 G5]AL3  
  

,BUT IF Y\ LOOK AT ! /REET1 IT WASN'T AB\T ,RODNEY ,K+ 

,IT'S ?IS FUCK$ UP SITUATION1 & !SE FUCK$ UP POLICE 

,IT'S AB\T COM+ UP & /AY+ ON TOP 

,& SCREAM+1 0#a#h#g ON A MO!RFUCK9' COP0 

,IT'S NOT 9 ! PAP]1 IT'S ON ! WALL  
  

,9 ! RECORD$ V]SION ( ! SONG1 ,NOEL GETS ! DATE ( ! RIOTS WRONG1 S++ 0,APRIL #b#f0 EV5 ?\< ! TITLE ( ! SONG IS 0,APRIL #b#i40 ,P]HAPS HE WAS NOT PAY+ ATT5TION2 P]HAPS1 HE WAS REF]R+ TO ! GANG TRUCE ?AT SET ! /AGE = ! UPRIS+2 OR P]HAPS HE WAS H9T+ ?AT EV]Y DAY IS A GOOD DAY TO RISE UP AGA9/ POLICE1 ?AT WE DON'T HAVE TO WAIT = ! NEXT PUBLICIZ$ 9/ANCE ( POLICE OR JUDICIAL 9JU/ICE TO SET AB\T DE/ROY+ ! SY/EM ?AT MAKES !M 9EVITABLE4 ,IT'S *>M+ TO IMAG9E ! MEMB]S ( ,SUBLIME RUNN+ RIOT ALL BY !MSELVES ?REE DAYS AHEAD ( ! DAY ?AT ! RE/ ( ,LOS ,ANGELES JO9$ 94 

,F9ALLY1 ,A ,LITTLE ,READ+ 

,= A ?\<TFUL EXAM9ATION ( H[ ! DEMOCRATIZATION ( VIDEO TE*NOLOGY HAS CONTRIBUT$ NOT ONLY TO \TBREAKS ( UNRE/ LIKE ! ,L,A RIOTS BUT ALSO TO DES5SITIZ+ & PACIFY+ ! G5]AL POPULACE1 WE RECOMM5D ,FROM ,PASSIVE TO ,ACTIVE ,SPECTACLE3 ,AFT]IMAGES ( ! ,L,A ,RIOTS4 ,WE'LL CONCLUDE ) ITS OP5+ P>AGRAPH3  
  

,= US1 ! ADV5T ( ! ,RODNEY ,K+ VIDEO M>KS ! FIR/ MAJOR %IFT 9 ! POLITICAL ECONOMY ( SPECTACLE1 :I* WE *OOSE TO DESCRIBE AS A PASSAGE FROM PASSIVE TO ACTIVE SPECTACLE1 FROM SPECTACLE AS PACIFY+ OBJECT ( PASSIVE CONSUMPTION TO SPECTACLE AS ! ACTIVE PRODUCT ( ! CONSUM] 7:OSE LEISURES OR RECREATIONS HAVE LONG S9CE BECOME =MS ( WORK74 ,9 ITS CLASSICAL =M1 SPECTACLE CREATES A SITUATION 9 :I* 0SPECTATORS >E L9K$ SOLELY BY !IR ONE-WAY RELATION%IP TO ! V]Y C5T] ?AT KEEPS !M ISOLAT$ FROM EA* O!R0 7,DEBORD74 ,BUT AT A C]TA9 PO9T 9 ITS DEVELOPM5T1 SPECTACLE DISP5SES ) ! NE$ = C5TRALIZATION1 F9D+ ?AT PASSIVE CONSUM]S CAN QUITE EASILY BE RECRUIT$ TO ! PRODUCTION ( SPECTACLE4 ,! %IFT FROM UNILAT]AL T[>D MULTILAT]AL RELATIONS DOES NOT PROMISE AN 5D TO ISOLATION1 BUT RA!R ITS P]FECTION4 ,WE MI<T ?9K ( ! DI/9CTION H]E AS ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ! TELEVISION SCRE5 & ! COMPUT] SCRE51 BUT S9CE WE >E TALK+ AB\T A SET ( SOCIAL RELATIONS AS MU* AS TE*NOLOGICAL APP>ATUSES1 WE %\LD BE C>EFUL TO AVOID ID5TIFY+ SU* RELATIONS ) ANY P>TICUL> TE*NOLOGIES4 ,! VIDEO CAM]A IS M]ELY ONE ( MANY DEVICES :I* ASSI/ 9 ! TRANS=MATION ( ADM9I/]$ LIFE 9TO SELF-ADM9I/]$ LIFE4  
  

,?IS H9TS AT ! *ALL5GES TODAY'S HYP]-REPRES5T$ G5]ATION WILL HAVE TO OV]COME 9 ORD] TO RESPOND 9 K9D TO ! ASSAULTS POLICE CONT9UE TO C>RY \T AGA9/ US1 ESPECIALLY T>GET+ BLACK & BR[N PEOPLE4 ,WE ANTICIPATE ?AT ! UPRIS+S ( ! FUTURE WILL NOT BE CATALYZ$ BY ! 9TEGRATION ( NEW VOICES 9TO A 0P>TICIPATORY0 YET 9CREAS+LY CORPORATE-DICTAT$ M$IA L&SCAPE1 BUT RA!R WILL >ISE AS A RESPONSE TO ! POV]TY ( SOLUTIONS IT CAN PROVIDE4 

.<#a.> ,9 ,MON/]3 ,AUTOBIOGRAPHY ( AN ,L,A ,GANG ,MEMB]1 REC\NT+ HIS EXP]I5CES BE+ BUSS$ TO A MAJORITY-:ITE HI< S*OOL1 ,SANYIKA ,%AKUR 7AKA ,MON/] ,KODY ,SCOTT7 DESCRIBES AN E>LI] 9/ANCE ( ANO!R CROSS-RACIAL REBEL ALLIANCE 9 ! ,LOS ,ANGELES >EA3 0,I'D GET ) ! O!RS :O HAD NO 9T]E/ 9 ACADEMIA & WE'D /& >\ND & POSE 9 ALL ( \R COOL ,S\? ,C5TRALNESS4 ,! PUNK MOVEM5T WAS 9 FULL SW+ AT ?AT TIME1 & ! ,VALLEY PUNK ROCK]S 9ITIALLY MI/OOK US--! EI<T ( US :O W]E /EEP$ 9 ! SUBCULTURE ( BANG+--= PUNK ROCK]S BECAUSE ( \R DRESS CODE4 ,P]HAPS !Y ?\<T WE W]E !IR ,NEW ,AFRIKAN C\NT]P>TS FROM ! CITY4 ,WE DRESS$ ALMO/ ALIKE1 BUT IT WAS ONLY CO9CID5CE--WE HAD NEV] SE5 OR HE>D ( PUNK ROCK]S BE=E COM+ \T TO ! ,VALLEY4 ,A C\PLE ( US ?\<T !Y W]E ,CRIPS4 ,WE CIRCL$ ONE ANO!R 9 AN ATTEMPT TO DI/+UI% AU!NTICITY1 !N F9ALLY MADE A PACT & BEGAN TO HANG \T TOGE!R40 

.<#b.> ,SAMPLES FROM ?IS DOCUM5T>Y ALSO APPE> 9 V>I\S TRACKS BY ,DEAD ,PREZ1 AMONG O!RS4 

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #a#f? ,JUNE #bba FROM CRIME?9C4COM47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#d1 #bbb 3 ,REVISIT+ ! ,LEGACY ( ! #aiib ,L,A ,RIOTS -- ,ADD$4 

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