,REVOLUTION>Y ,GOV]NM5T 

#ahib 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TAGS 3 DEF5D]S ( CAPITAL1 REVOLUTION & GOV]NM5T1 REVOLUTION>Y GOV]NM5T1 SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 SECRET SOCIETIES1 UNIV]SAL SUFFRAGE1 REVOLUTION>Y DICTATURE1 GREAT MASS1 F9AL EF=T1 SECRET SOCIETY4 

,TEXT 3 

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,PHOTO BY ,ROB ,L>S51,C,C ,B,Y ,LIC5SE ,?AT ! ,GOV]NM5TS AT PRES5T EXI/+ \<T TO BE ABOLI%$1 SO ?AT ,LIB]TY1 ,EQUALITY1 & ,FRAT]NITY %\LD NO LONG] BE EMPTY WORDS BUT BECOME LIV+ REALITIES1 & ?AT ALL =MS ( GOV]NM5T AS YET TRI$ HAVE ONLY BE5 SO MANY =MS ( OPPRESSION1 & \<T TO BE REPLAC$ BY A NEW =M ( GR\P+1 SO F> ALL :O HAVE A BRA9 & TEMP]AM5T EV] SO LITTLE REVOLUTION>Y UNANIM\SLY AGREE4 ,9 TRU? ONE DOES NOT NE$ TO BE MU* ( AN 9NOVATOR 9 ORD] TO >RIVE AT ?IS CONCLUSION2 ! VICES ( ! GOV]NM5TS ( TODAY1 & ! IMPOSSIBILITY ( RE=M+ !M1 >E TOO EVID5T TO BE HIDD5 FROM ! EYES ( ANY REASONABLE OBS]V]4 ,& AS REG>DS OV]TURN+ GOV]NM5TS1 IT IS WELL-KN[N ?AT AT C]TA9 EPO*S ?AT CAN BE DONE )\T MU* DIFFICULTY2 !RE >E TIMES :5 GOV]NM5TS CRUMBLE TO PIECES ALMO/ ( !MSELVES1 LIKE H\SES ( C>DS1 BE=E ! BREA? ( ! PEOPLE 9 REVOLT4 ,?AT HAS BE5 SE5 CLE>LY SE5 CLE>LY 9 #ahdh & 9 #a#h#g2 & WILL SOON BE SE5 AGA94  

,TO OV]TURN A GOV]NM5T -- ?IS = A REVOLUTION>Y MIDDLE-CLASS MAN IS EV]Y?+1 = US IT IS ONLY ! BEG9N+ ( ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION4 ,! MA*9E ( ! ,/ATE ONCE \T ( GE>1 ! HI]>*Y ( FUNCTION>IES DISORGANIZ$ & NOT KN[+ 9 :AT DIRECTION TO TAKE A /EP1 ! SOLDI]S HAV+ LO/ CONFID5CE 9 !IR (FIC]S -- 9 A WORD ! :OLE >MY ( ! DEF5D]S ( CAPITAL ONCE R\T$ -- !N IT IS ?AT ! GR& WORK ( DE/RUCTION ( ALL ! 9/ITUTIONS :I* S]VE TO P]PETUATE ECONOMIC & POLITICAL SLAV]Y WILL BECOME \RS4 ,! POSSIBILITY  ( LIV+ FREELY BE+ ATTA9$1 :AT WILL REVOLUTIONI/S DO NEXT8  

 ,TO ?IS QUE/ION ! ,AN>*I/S ALONE GIVE ! PROP] ANSW]1 @&_?#a#d#g2,NO ,GOV]NM5T1 ,AN>*Y6@&_?#a#d#h2 ,ALL ! O!RS SAY @&_?#a#d#g2,A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,GOV]NM5T6@&_?#a#d#h2 & !Y ONLY DIFF] AS TO ! =M TO BE GIV5 TO ?AT GOV]NM5T4 ,SOME DECIDE = A GOV]NM5T ELECT$ BY UNIV]SAL SUFFRAGE 9 ! ,/ATE OR 9 ! ,COMMUNE2 O!RS DECIDE ON A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,DICTATOR4  

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,A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,GOV]NM5T6 ,!SE >E TWO WORDS :I* S\NDS V]Y /RANGE 9 ! E>S ( ?OSE :O REALLY UND]/& :AT ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION MEANS1 & :AT A GOV]NM5T MEANS4 ,! WORDS CONTRADICT EA* O!R1 DE/ROY EA* O!R4  ,WE HAVE SE5 ( C\RSE MANY DESPOTIC GOV]NM5TS -- IT IS ! ESS5CE ( ALL GOV]NM5T TO TAKE ! SIDE ( ! REACTION AGA9/ ! ,REVOLUTION1 & TO HAVE A T5D5CY T[>D DESPOTISM -- BUT SU* A ?+ AS A REVOLUTION>Y GOV]NM5T HAS NEV] BE5 SE51 & ! REASON IS ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION -- SYNONYM ( @&_?#a#d#g2DISORD]@&_?#a#d#h2 ( UPSETT+ & OV]?R[+ ( V5]AT$ 9/ITUTIONS 9 A FEW DAYS1 MEAN+ ! DEMOLITION BY VIOL5CE ( ! E/ABLI%$ =MS ( PROP]TY1 ! DE/RUCTION ( CA/ES1 ! RAPID TRANS=MATION ( RECEIV$ IDEAS AB\T MORALITY1 OR RA!R AB\T ! HYPOCRISY :I* TAKES ! PLACE ( IT1 9DIVIDUAL LIB]TY & FRE$OM ( ACTION -- IS PRECISELY ! OPPOSITE1 ! V]Y NEGATION1 ( GOV]NM5T1 ?IS BE+ ! SYNONYM ( @&_?#a#d#g2E/ABLI%$ ORD]1@&_?#a#d#h2 ( CONS]VATISM1 ( ! MA9T5ANCE ( EXI/+ 9/ITUTIONS1 ! NEGATION ( FREE 9ITIATIVE & 9DIVIDUAL ACTION4 ,& YET WE CONT9UALLY HE> ?IS :ITE BLACKBIRD SPOK5 (1 AS IF A @&_?#a#d#g2REVOLUTION>Y GOV]NM5T@&_?#a#d#h2 W]E ! SIMPLE/ ?+ 9 ! WORLD1 AS COMMON & AS WELL-KN[N TO ALL AS ,ROYALTY1 ! ,EMPIRE & ! ,PAPACY6 

,?AT ! SO-CALL$ REVOLUTIONI/S ( ! MIDDLE-CLASS %\LD PREA* ?IS IDEA IS NO?+ /RANGE4 ,WE KN[ WELL :AT !Y UND]/& BY ,REVOLUTION4 ,!Y UND]/& BY IT A BOL/]+ UP ( !IR REPUBLIC1 ! TAK+ POSSESSION BY ! SO-CALL$ REPUBLICANS ( ! LUCRATIVE EMPLOYM5TS RES]V$ TODAY = ! ,BONAP>TI/S OR ,ROYALI/S4 ,IT MEANS AT ! MO/ ! DIVORCE ( ,*UR* & ,/ATE1 REPLAC$ BY ! CONCUB9AGE ( ! TWO1 & ABOVE ALL = ?AT ( ! FUTURE ADM9I/RATORS ( !SE GOODS2 P]HAPS IT MAY MEAN ! REF]5DUM1 OR SOME O!R POLITICAL MA*9]Y ( ! SAME K9D4 ,BUT ?AT REVOLUTION>Y SOCIALI/S %\LD MAKE !MSELVES ! APO/LES ( SU* AN IDEA -- WE CAN ONLY EXPLA9 BY SUPPOS+ ONE ( TWO ?+S4 ,EI!R !Y >E IMBU$ ) PREJUDICES :I* !Y HAVE IMBIB$ )\T KN[+ IT FROM LIT]ATURE & ABOVE ALL FROM HI/ORY1 WRITT5 TO SUIT MIDDLE-CLASS IDEAS2 & /ILL POSSESS$ ) ! SPIRIT ( S]VILITY1 PRODUCT ( AGES ( SLAV]Y1 !Y CANNOT EV5 IMAG9E !MSELVES FREE4 ,OR ELSE !Y DO NOT REALLY DESIRE ?IS ,REVOLUTION :I* !Y HAVE ALWAYS ON !IR LIPS1 !Y W\LD BE CONT5T ) A SIMPLE PLA/]+ UP ( PRES5T 9/ITUTIONS1 PROVID$ ?AT !Y W\LD SECURE P[] = !MSELVES1 LEAV+ TO ! FUTURE TO DECIDE :AT !Y %\LD DO TO SATISFY @&_?#a#d#g2! BEA/@&_?#a#d#h2 CALL$ ! ,PEOPLE4 ,!Y ONLY GO AGA9/ ! ,GOV]NORS ( ! PRES5T TIME 9 ORD] TO TAKE !IR PLACES4 ,) !SE PEOPLE WE C>E NOT TO >GUE4 ,WE WILL !N ONLY SPEAK TO ?OSE :O HONE/LY DECEIVE !MSELVES4 

,LET US BEG9 ) ! FIR/ ( ! TWO =MS ( @&_?#a#d#g2,REVOLUTION>Y ,GOV]NM5T@&_?#a#d#h2 :I* IS ADVOCAT$ -- ! ELECT$ GOV]NM5T4 

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,! P[] ( ,ROYALTY OR SOME O!R WE WILL SUPPOSE HAS JU/ BE5 OV]TURN$1 ! >MY ( ! DEF5D]S ( CAPITAL IS R\T$2 EV]Y:]E !RE IS F]M5TATION1 DISCUSSION ( PUBLIC AFFAIRS1 EV]Y:]E A DESIRE TO M>* ONW>D -- NEW IDEAS >ISE1 ! NECESSITY ( IMPORTANT *ANGES IS P]CEIV$ -- IT IS NECESS>Y TO ACT1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO BEG9 )\T PITY ! WORK ( DEMOLITION1 9 ORD] TO PREP>E ! GR\ND = ! NEW LIFE4 ,BUT :AT DO !Y PROPOSE TO US TO GO8 ,TO CONVOKE ! PEOPLE TO ELECTIONS1 TO ELECT AT ONCE A GOV]NM5T & CONFIDE TO IT ! WORK :I* WE ALL ( US1 & EA* ( US1 %\LD UND]TAKE ( \R [N 9ITIATIVE4 

,?IS IS :AT ,P>IS DID AFT] ! #a#h? ( ,M>* #a#h#g#a4 @&_?#a#d#g2,I WILL NEV] =GET1@&_?#a#d#h2 SAID A FRI5D TO US1 @&_?#a#d#g2!SE DELI<TFUL MOM5TS ( DELIV]ANCE4 ,I CAME D[N FROM MY UPP] *AMB] 9 ! ,LAT9 ,QU>T] TO JO9 ?AT IMM5SE OP5-AIR CLUB :I* FILL$ ! ,B\LEV>DS FROM ONE 5D ( ,P>IS TO ! O!R4 ,EV]YONE TALK$ AB\T PUBLIC AFFAIRS2 ALL M]E P]SONAL PREOCCUPATIONS W]E =GOTT52 NO MORE WAS ?\<T ( BUY+ OR SELL+2 ALL FELT READY BODY & S\L TO ADVANCE T[>D ! FUTURE4 ,M5 ( ! MIDDLE-CLASS EV51 C>RI$ AWAY BY ! G5]AL 5?USIASM SAW ) JOY A NEW WORLD OP5$ UP4 @&_?#a#d#e2,IF IT IS NECESS>Y TO MAKE A SOCIAL REVOLUTION1@&_?#a#d#f2 !Y SAID1 @&_?#a#d#e2MAKE IT !N4 ,PUT ALL ?+S 9 COMMON2 WE >E READY = IT4@&_?#a#d#f2 ,ALL ! ELEM5TS ( ! REVOLUTION W]E !RE1 IT WAS ONLY NECESS>Y TO SET !M TO WORK4 ,:5 ,I RETURN$ TO MY LODG+ AT NI<T ,I SAID TO MYSELF @&_?#a#d#g2,H[ F9E IS HUMANITY AFT] AL1 BUT NO ONE KNEW IT2 IT HAS ALWAYS BE5 CALUMNIAT$2@&_?#a#d#f2 ,!N CAME ! ELECTIONS1 ! MEMB]S ( ! ,COMMUNE W]E NAM$ -- & !N LITTLE BY LITTLE ! >DOR ( DEVOTION1 & ! DESIRE = ACTION W]E EXT+UI%$4 ,EV]YONE RETURN$ TO HIS USUAL TASK SAY+ TO HIMSELF @&_?#a#d#g2,N[ WE HAVE AN HONE/ GOV]NM5T1 LET IT ACT = US@&_?#a#d#f2@&_?#a#d#h2 -- :AT FOLL[$ EV]YONE KN[S4 

,9/EAD ( ACT+ = !MSELVES1 9/EAD ( M>*+ =W>DS1 9/EAD ( ADVANC+ 9 ! DIRECTION ( A NEW ORD] ( ?+S1 ! PEOPLE1 CONFID+ 9 !IR GOV]NORS1 5TRU/$ TO !M ! *>GE ( TAK+ ! 9ITIATIVE -- ?IS WAS ! FIR/ CONSEQU5CE ( ! 9EVITABLE RESULT ( ELECTIONS4 ,LET US SEE N[ :AT !SE GOV]NORS DID :O W]E 9VE/$ ) ! CONFID5CE ( ALL4 

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,NEV] W]E ELECTIONS MORE FREE ?AN ?OSE ( ,M>*1 #a#h#g#a4 ,! OPPON5TS ( ! ,COMMUNE ADMIT IT !MSELVES4 ,NEV] WAS ! GREAT MASS ( ELECTORS MORE 9FLU5C$ ) ! DESIRE TO PLACE 9 P[] ! BE/ M51 M5 = ! FUTURE1 TRUE REVOLUTIONI/S4 ,& SO !Y DID4 ,ALL WELL-KN[N ,REVOLUTIONI/S W]E ELECT$ BY IMM5SE MAJORITIES2 ,JACOB9S1 ,BLANQUI/S1 ,9T]NATIONALS1 ALL ! ?REE REVOLUTION>Y DIVISIONS W]E REPRES5T$ 9 ! ,C\NCIL ( ! ,COMMUNE4 ,NO ELECTION C\LD GIVE A BETT] GOV]NM5T4 

,BUT :AT WAS ! RESULT ( IT8 ,%UT UP 9 ! ,CITY ,MANSION1 *>G$ TO PROCE$ AFT] ! =MS E/ABLI%$ BY PREC$+ GOV]NM5TS1 !SE >D5T REVOLUTIONI/S1 !SE RE=M]S F\ND !MSELVES SMITT5 ) 9CAPACITY & /]ILITY4 ,) ALL !IR GOOD WILL & !IR C\RAGE !Y DID NOT EV5 KN[ H[ TO ORGANIZE ! DEF5SE ( ,P>IS4 ,( C\RSE PEOPLE N[ BLAME ! M51 ! 9DIVIDUALS = ?IS2 BUT IT WAS NOT ! M5 :O W]E ! CAUSE ( ?IS FAILURE -- IT WAS ! SY/EM C>RI$ \T4 

,9 FACT UNIV]SAL SUFFRAGE1 :5 IT IS QUITE FREE1 CAN ONLY PRODUCE1 AT BE/1 AN ASSEMBLY :I* REPRES5TS ! AV]AGE ( ! OP9IONS :I* AT ! TIME >E HELD BY ! MASS ( ! PEOPLE2 & ?IS AV]AGE AT ! \TBREAK ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 HAS ONLY A VAGUE IDEA ( ! WORK TO BE ACCOMPLI%$1 )\T UND]/&+ AT ALL H[ !Y \<T TO UND]TAKE IT4 ,AH1 IF ! BULK ( ! NATION1 ( ! ,COMMUNE1 C\LD ONLY UND]/& BE=E ! MOVEM5T :AT WAS NECESS>Y TO BE DONE AS SOON AS ! GOV]NM5T %\LD BE OV]TURN$6 ,IF ?IS DREAM ( ! UTOPIANS ( ! *AIR C\LD BE REALIZ$ WE NEV] W\LD HAVE HAD BLOODY REVOLUTIONS2 ! WILL ( ! BULK ( ! NATION ONCE EXPRESS$ ! RE/ W\LD SUBMIT TO IT ) A GOOD GRACE4 ,BUT ?IS IS NOT H[ ?+S >E DONE4 ,! ,REVOLUTION BUR/S \T LONG BE=E A G5]AL UND]/&+ HAS BE5 COME TO1 & ?OSE :O HAVE A CLE> IDEA ( :AT %\LD BE DONE ! NEXT DAY >E ONLY A V]Y SMALL M9ORITY4 ,! GREAT MASS ( ! PEOPLE HAVE AS YET ONLY A G5]AL IDEA ( ! 5D :I* !Y WI% REALIZ$1 )\T KN[+ MU* H[ TO ADVANCE T[>D ?AT 5D1 NOR MU* CONFID5CE 9 ! DIRECTION TO FOLL[4 ,! PRACTICAL SOLUTION WILL NOT BE F\ND1 WILL NOT BE MADE CLE> UNTIL ! *ANGE WILL HAVE ALREADY BEGUN2 IT WILL BE ! PRODUCT ( ! ,REVOLUTION ITSELF1 ( ! PEOPLE 9 ACTION -- OR ELSE IT WILL BE NO?+1 ! BRA9 ( A FEW 9DIVIDUALS BE+ ABSOLUTELY 9CAPABLE ( F9D+ SOLUTIONS :I* CAN ONLY SPR+ FROM ! LIFE ( ! PEOPLE4 

,?IS IS ! SITUATION :I* IS REFLECT$ 9 ! BODY ELECT$ BY UNIV]SAL SUFFRAGE1 EV5 IF IT HAD NOT ALL ! VICES 9H]5T 9 REPRES5TATIVE GOV]NM5TS 9 G5]AL4 ,! FEW M5 :O REPRES5T ! REVOLUTION>Y IDEA ( ! EPO* F9D !MSELVES SWAMP$ AMONG ! REPRES5TATIVES ( ! REVOLUTION>Y S*OOLS ( ! PA/1 & ( ! EXI/+ ORD] ( ?+S4 ,!SE M5 :O W\LD BE SO NECESS>Y AMONG ! PEOPLE1 P>TICUL>LY 9 ! DAYS ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 TO S[ & BROADCA/ !IR IDEAS1 TO PUT ! MASS 9 MOVEM5T1 TO DEMOLI% ! 9/ITUTIONS ( ! PA/ -- F9D !MSELVES %UT UP 9 A ,HALL1 VA9LY DISCUSS+ H[ TO WRE/ CONCESSIONS FROM ! MOD]AT$1 & H[ TO CONV]T !IR 5EMIES1 :ILE !RE IS REALLY ONLY ONE WAY ( 9DUC+ !M TO ACCEPT ! NEW IDEA -- NAMELY TO PUT IT 9 EXECUTION4 ,! GOV]NM5T BECOMES A P>LIAM5T ) ALL ! VICES ( A MIDDLE-CLASS P>LIAM5T4 ,F> FROM BE+ A @&_?#a#d#g2REVOLUTION>Y@&_?#a#d#h2 GOV]NM5T IT BECOMES ! GREATE/ OB/ACLE TO ! ,REVOLUTION1 & AT LA/ ! PEOPLE F9DS ITSELF COMPELL$ TO PUT IT \T ( ! WAY1 TO DISMISS ?OSE ?AT BUT YE/]DAY IT ACCLAIM$ AS ITS *OS54 ,BUT IT IS NOT SO EASY TO DO SO4 ,! NEW GOV]NM5T :I* HAS HA/5$ TO ORGANIZE A NEW ADM9I/RATION 9 ORD] TO EXT5D ITS DOM9ATION & MAKE ITSELF TO BE OBEY$1 DOES NOT UND]/& GIV+ UP SO EASILY4 ,JEAL\S ( MA9TA9+ ITS P[]1 IT CL+S TO IT ) ALL ! 5]GY ( AN 9/ITUTION :I* HAS NOT YET HAD TIME TO FALL 9TO S5ILE DECAY4 ,IT DECIDES TO OPPOSE =CE ) =CE1 & !RE IS ONLY ONE MEANS !N TO DISLODGE IT1 NAMELY1 TO TAKE UP >MS1 TO MAKE ANO!R REVOLUTION 9 ORD] TO DISMISS ?OSE 9 :OM ! PEOPLE HAD PLAC$ ALL !IR HOPES4 

,!RE Y\ SEE ! ,REVOLUTION DIVID$ AGA9/ ITSELF6 ,AFT] LOS+ PRECI\S TIME 9 DELAYS1 IT N[ LOSES ITS /R5G? 9 9TE/9E DIVISIONS BETWE5 ! FRI5DS ( ! NEW GOV]NM5T1 & ?OSE :O SEE ! NECESSITY ( DISSOLV+ IT4 ,& ALL ?IS HAPP5S BECAUSE IT HAS NOT BE5 UND]/OOD ?AT A NEW LIFE REQUIRES NEW =MS2 ?AT IT IS NOT BY CL++ TO ANCI5T =MS ?AT A REVOLUTION CAN BE C>RI$ \T6 ,ALL ?IS = NOT HAV+ UND]/OOD ! 9COMPATIBILITY ( REVOLUTION & GOV]NM5T1 = NOT HAV+ SE5 ?AT ! ONE IS1 UND] :ATEV] =M IT PRES5TS ITSELF1 ! NEGATION ( ! O!R1 & ?AT \TSIDE ( ,AN>*Y !RE IS NO SU* ?+ AS REVOLUTION4 

,IT IS JU/ ! SAME ) REG>D TO ?AT O!R =M ( @&_?#a#d#g2REVOLUTION>Y GOV]NM5T@&_?#a#d#h2 SO (T5 EXTOLL$ -- A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,DICTATOR%IP4 

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,! DANG]S TO :I* ! ,REVOLUTION IS EXPOS$ :5 IT ALL[S ITSELF TO BE CONTROLL$ BY AN ELECT$ GOV]NM5T1 >E SO EVID5T ?AT A :OLE S*OOL ( ,REVOLUTIONI/S R5\NCE 5TIRELY ! IDEA ( IT4 ,!Y UND]/& ?AT IT IS IMPOSSIBLE = A PEOPLE 9 9SURRECTION TO GIVE !MSELVES1 BY MEANS ( ELECTIONS1 ANY GOV]NM5T BUT ONE ?AT REPRES5TS ! PA/1 & :I* MU/ BE LIKE LEAD5 %OES ON ! FEET ( ! PEOPLE1 ABOVE ALL :5 IT IS NECESS>Y TO ACCOMPLI% ?AT IMM5SE REG5]ATION1 ECONOMIC1 POLITICAL & MORAL :I* WE UND]/& BY ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION4 ,!Y R5\NCE !N ! IDEA ( @&_?#a#d#g2LEGAL@&_?#a#d#h2 GOV]NM5T AT LEA/ DUR+ ?AT P]IOD :I* IS A REVOLT AGA9/ LEGALITY1 & !Y ADVOCATE A @&_?#a#d#g2REVOLUTION>Y DICTATOR4@&_?#a#d#h2 

 @&_?#a#d#g2,! P>TY1@&_?#a#d#h2 !Y SAY1 @&_?#a#d#g2:I* WILL HAVE OV]TURN$ ! GOV]NM5T WILL TAKE ! PLACE ( IT ( C\RSE4 ,IT WILL SEIZE UPON P[] & PROCE$ 9 A REVOLUTION>Y MANN]4 ,IT WILL TAKE ! MEASURES NECESS>Y TO SECURE ! SUCCESS ( ! 9SURRECTION2 IT WILL DEMOLI% ! OLD 9/ITUTIONS2 IT WILL ORGANIZE ! DEF5SE ( ! C\NTRY4 ,AS = ?OSE :O WILL NOT RECOGNIZE ITS AU?ORITY1 :Y ! GUILLOT9E WILL SETTLE !M1 :E!R !Y BELONG TO ! PEOPLE OR ! MIDDLE-CLASS1 IF !Y REFUSE TO OBEY ! ORD]S NECESS>Y = ! ADVANCE ( ! ,REVOLUTION -- ,! GUILLOT9E /ILL 9 ACTION6 ,SEE H[ !SE BUDD+ ,ROBESPI]RES >GUE1 :O KN[ NO?+ ( ! GR& EPIC ( ! C5TURY BUT ITS P]IOD ( DECL9E1 M5 :O HAVE NEV] LE>N$ ANY?+ AB\T IT EXCEPT FROM SPEE*ES ( ! HANG]S-ON ( ! REPUBLIC4  

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 ,= US ,AN>*I/S ! DICTATOR ( AN 9DIVIDUAL OR ( A P>TY 7AT BOTTOM ! V]Y SAME ?+7 HAS BE5 F9ALLY CONDEMN$4 ,WE KN[ ?AT ,REVOLUTION & ,GOV]NM5T >E 9COMPATIBLE2 ONE MU/ DE/ROY ! O!R1 NO MATT] :AT NAME IS GIV5 TO GOV]NM5T1 :E!R DICTATOR1 ROYALTY1 OR P>LIAM5T4 ,WE KN[ ?AT :AT MAKES ! /R5G? & ! TRU? ( \R P>TY IS CONTA9$ 9 ?IS FUNDAM5TAL =MULA -- @&_?#a#d#g2,NO?+ GOOD OR DURABLE CAN BE DONE EXCEPT BY ! FREE 9ITIATIVE ( ! PEOPLE1 & EV]Y GOV]NM5T T5DS TO DE/ROY IT2@&_?#a#d#h2 & SO ! V]Y BE/ AMONG US1 IF !IR IDEAS HAD NOT TO PASS ?R\< ! CRUCIBLE ( ! POPUL> M9D1 BE=E BE+ PUT 9TO EXECUTION1 & IF !Y %\LD BECOME MA/]S ( ?AT =MIDABLE MA*9E -- ! GOV]NM5T -- & C\LD ?US ACT AS !Y *OSE1 W\LD BECOME 9 A WEEK FIT ONLY = ! GALL[S4 ,WE KN[ :I!R EV]Y DICTATOR LEADS1 EV5 ! BE/ 9T5TION$1 -- NAMELY TO ! DEA? ( ALL REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T4 ,WE KN[ ALSO 9 F9E1 ?AT ?IS IDEA ( DICTATOR IS NEV] ANY?+ MORE ?AN A SICKLY PRODUCT ( GOV]NM5TAL FETI%-WOR%IP1 :I* LIKE RELIGI\S FETI% WOR%IP HAS ALWAYS S]V$ TO P]PETUATE SLAV]Y4  

 ,BUT WE DO NOT N[ ADDRESS \RSELVES TO ,AN>*I/S4 ,WE SPEAK TO ?OSE GOV]NM5TAL ,REVOLUTIONI/S1 :O1 L$ A/RAY BY ! PREJUDICES ( !IR $UCATION1 HONE/LY DECEIVE !MSELVES1 & ASK NO?+ BETT] ?AN TO DISCUSS ! QUE/ION4 ,WE !RE=E SPEAK TO !M FROM !IR [N PO9T ( VIEW4  

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,& TO BE+ ) ONE G5]AL OBS]VATION2 ?OSE :O PREA* DICTATOR DO NOT 9 G5]AL P]CEIVE ?AT 9 SU/A9+ ?IS PREJUDICE !Y ONLY PREP>E ! WAY = ?OSE :O LAT] ON WILL CUT !IR ?ROATS4 ,!RE IS H[EV] ONE WORD ( ,ROBESPI]RE@&_?#a#d#f2S :I* HIS ADMIR]S W\LD DO WELL TO REMEMB]4 ,HE DID NOT D5Y ! DICTATOR 9 PR9CIPLE2 BUT @&_?#a#d#g2HAVE GOOD C>E AB\T IT@&_?#a#d#h2 HE ANSW]$ ABRUPTLY TO ,M&> :5 HE SPOKE TO HIM ( IT1 @&_?#a#d#g2.<,JACQUES ,PI]RE.> ,BRISSOT W\LD BE ! ,DICTATOR6@&_?#a#d#h2 ,YES1 ,BRISSOT1 ! CRAFTY GIROND91 DEADLY 5EMY ( ! LEVEL+ T5D5CIES ( ! PEOPLE1 FURI\S DEF5D] ( PROP]TY 7?\< HE ONCE CALL$ IT !FT7 ,BRISSOT1 :O W\LD COOLLY HAVE CONSIGN$ TO ! ,ABBAYE ,PRISON ,HEB]T1 ,M>AT1 & ALL ! MOD]ATE ,JACOB9S6 

,N[ ?IS WAS SAID 9 #a#g#i#b6 ,& ?IS TIME ,FRANCE HAD ALREADY BE5 ?REE YE>S 9 ,REVOLUTION6 ,9 FACT ,ROYALTY NO LONG] EXI/$1 IT ONLY AWAIT$ ITS DEA? /ROKE2 ! FEUDAL REGIME WAS ACTUALLY ABOLI%$4 ,& YET EV5 AT ?IS TIME1 :5 ! ,REVOLUTION ROLL$ ITS WAVES UNTRAMMEL$1 IT WAS /ILL ! C\NT]-REVOLUTIONI/ ,BRISSOT :O HAD ! BE/ *ANCE TO BE MADE DICTATOR6 ,& :O W\LD IT HAVE BE5 PREVI\SLY1 9 #a#g#h#i8 .<,HONORE ,GABRIEL ,RIQUETI1 COMTE DE.> ,MIRABEAU IS ! MAN W\LD HAVE BE5 ACKN[L$G$ AS ! HEAD ( ! GOV]NM5T6 ,! MAN :O MADE A B>GA9 ) ! K+ TO SELL TO HIM HIS ELOQU5CE -- ?IS IS ! MAN :O W\LD HAVE BE5 ?RU/ 9TO P[] AT ?IS TIME1 IF ! 9SURG5T PEOPLE HAD NOT IMPOS$ ITS SOV]EIGNTY SU/A9$ BY ITS PIKES1 & IF IT HAD NOT PROCE$$ BY ! ACCOMPLI%$ FACTS ( ! ,JACQU]IE1 9 MAK+ ILLUSORY EV]Y GOV]NM5T CON/ITUT$ AT ,P>IS OR 9 ! DEP>TM5TS4  

,BUT GOV]NM5TAL PREJUDICE BL9DS SO ?OR\<LY ?OSE :O SPEAK ( DICTATOR1 ?AT !Y PREF] ! DICTATOR ( A NEW ,BRISSOT OR A ,NAPOLEON TO AB&ON+ ! IDEA ( GIV+ ANO!R MA/] TO M5 :O >E BREAK+ ! *A9S ( !IR SLAV]Y6 

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,! SECRET SOCIETIES ( ! TIME ( ! ,RE/ORATION & ( ,L\IS-,PHILIPPE CONTRIBUT$ P[]FULLY TO MA9TA9 ?IS PREJUDICE ( DICTATOR4 ,! MIDDLE-CLASS ,REPUBLICANS ( ! TIME AID$ BY ! WORK]S MADE A LONG S]IES ( CONSPIRACIES1 ) ! OBJECT ( OV]TURN+ ,ROYALTY & PROCLAIM+ ! ,REPUBLIC4 ,NOT UND]/&+ ! PR(\ND *ANGE ?AT W\LD HAVE TO BE EFFECT$ 9 ,FRANCE BE=E EV5 A REPUBLICAN REGIME C\LD BE E/ABLI%$1 !Y IMAG9$ ?AT BY MEANS ( A VA/ CONSPIRACY1 !Y W\LD SOME DAY OV]TURN ,ROYALTY1 TAKE POSSESSION ( P[] & PROCLAIM ! ,REPUBLIC4 ,= MORE ?AN ?IRTY YE>S !SE SECRET SOCIETIES NEV] CEAS$ TO WORK ) A DEVOTION UNLIMIT$1 & A H]OIC C\RAGE & P]SEV]ANCE4 ,IF ! ,REPUBLIC RESULT$ FROM ! 9SURRECTION ( #a#h#d#h1 IT WAS ?ANKS TO !SE SOCIETIES1 & ?ANKS TO ! PROPAG&A BY DE$ MADE BY !M = ?IRTY YE>S4   

,)\T !IR NOBLE EF=TS ! ,REPUBLIC W\LD1 UP ! PRES5T1 HAVE BE5 IMPOSSIBLE4 

"9 "9 "9 

,! 5D !Y HAD 9 VIEW WAS TO GET POSSESSION ( P[] !MSELVES & TO 9/ALL A REPUBLICAN DICTATOR4 ,BUT ( C\RSE !Y NEV] SUCCE$$4 ,AS EV]1 FROM ! V]Y NATURE ( ?+S1 A CONSPIRACY C\LD NOT OV]TURN ,ROYALTY4 ,! CONSPIRATORS HAD 9DE$ PREP>$ ! WAY = ITS FALL4 ,!Y HAD SPREAD WIDELY ! REPUBLICAN IDEA2 !IR M>TYRS HAD MADE IT ! IDEAL ( ! PEOPLE4 ,BUT ! F9AL EF=T :I* DEF9ITELY OV]TURN$ ! K+ ( ! B\RGEOISIE WAS MU* GREAT] & /RONG] ?AN ANY ?AT C\LD COME FROM A SECRET SOCIETY2 IT CAME FROM ! MASS ( ! PEOPLE4  

,! RESULT IS KN[N4 ,! P>TY :I* HAD PREP>$ ! WAY = ! FALL ( ROYALTY F\ND ITSELF ?RU/ ASIDE FROM ! /EPS ( ! ,GOV]NM5T ,H\SE4 ,O!RS1 TOO PRUD5T TO RUN ! RISKS ( CONSPIRACY1 BUT BETT] KN[N1 MORE MOD]ATE ALSO1 LY+ 9 WAIT = ! OPPORTUNITY ( GRASP+ P[]1 TOOK ! PLACE :I* ! CONSPIRATORS HOP$ TO CONQU] AT ! PO9T ( !Y BAYONET4 ,J\RNALI/S1 LAWY]S1 GOOD TALK]S :O WORK$ H>D TO MAKE A NAME = !MSELVES :ILE ! TRUE REPUBLICANS =G$ WEAPONS OR EXPIR$ 9 JAIL1 TOOK P]MISSION ( P[]4 ,SOME ( !M ALREADY WELL-KN[N W]E ACCLAIM$ BY ! PEOPLE2 O!RS PU%$ !MSELVES =W>D & W]E ACCEPT$ BECAUSE !IR NAME REPRES5T$ NO?+ MORE ?AN A PROGRAM ( AGREEM5T ) EV]YBODY4  

,IT IS USELESS TO TELL US ?AT ?IS HAPP5$ BECAUSE ( A WANT OR PRACTICAL SPIRIT 9 ! P>TY ACTION1 & ?AT O!R WILL BE ABLE TO DO BETT] 9 FUTURE -- ,NO1 A ?\S& TIMES NO6 ,IT IS A LAW AS IMMUTABLE AS ?AT :I* GOV]NS ! MOVEM5T ( ! />S1 ?AT ! P>TY ( ACTION MU/ BE ?R[N ASIDE1 & ! 9TRIGU]S & TALK]S SEIZE UPON P[]4 ,!Y >E ALWAYS BETT] KN[N TO ! GREAT MASS ?AT MAKES ! F9AL EF=T4 ,!Y GET MORE VOTES1 BECAUSE ) OR )\T VOT+ PAP]S1 BY ACCLAMATION OR BY ! BALLOT-BOX1 AT ! BOTTOM IT IS ALWAYS A K9D ( TACIT ELECTION :I* IS MADE 9 SU* CASES BY ACCLAMATION4 ,!Y >E ACCLAIM$ BY EV]YBODY & ABOVE ALL BY ! 5EMIES ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 :O PREF] TO PUT =W>D NOBODIES1 & ?US BY ACCLAMATION ?OSE M5 >E ACCEPT$ AS RUL]S :O >E REALLY EI!R 5EMIES ( ! MOVEM5T OR 9DIFF]5T T[>D IT4  

,! MAN :O MORE ?AN ANY O!R WAS ! 9C>NATION ( ?IS SY/EM ( CONSPIRACY1 ! MAN :O BY A LIFE SP5T 9 PRISON = HIS DEVOTION TO ?IS SY/EM1 ON ! EVE ( HIS DEA? UTT]$ !SE WORDS1 :I* ( !MSELVES MAKE AN 5TIRE PROGRAM -- @&_?#a#d#g2,NEI!R ,GOD NOR ,MA/]6@&_?#a#d#h2 

,P,>,T #c 

,TO IMAG9E ?AT A GOV]NM5T CAN BE OV]TURN$ BY A SECRET SOCIETY1 & ?AT ! SECRET SOCIETY CAN TAKE ITS PLACE1 IS AN ]ROR 9TO :I* HAVE FALL5 ALL ! REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZATIONS :I* SPRANG TO LIFE 9 ! BOSOM ( ! REPUBLICAN MIDDLE-CLASS S9CE #a#h#b4 ,& YET FACTS AB\ND :I* PROVE :AT AN ]ROR IT IS4 ,:AT DEVOTION1 :AT ABNEGATION1 :AT P]SEV]ANCE WAS NOT DISPLAY$ BY ! REPUBLICAN SECRET SOCIETIES ( ! ,Y\NG ,ITALY ,P>TY6 ,& YET ALL ?IS IMM5SE WORK1 ALL !SE SACRIFICES MADE BY ! Y\? ( ,ITALY1 BE=E :I* EV5 ?OSE ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION>Y Y\? PALE1 ALL ! CORPSES PIL$ UP 9 ! CASEMAT$ ( ,AU/RIAN =TRESSES1 & UND] ! KNIFE & BULLETS ( ! EXECUTION] -- ALL ?IS ONLY BR\<T 9TO P[] ! CRAFTY1 ROBB+ MIDDLE-CLASS & ROYALTY6 

,IT WAS ! SAME 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,IT IS DIFFICULT TO F9D 9 HI/ORY A SECRET ORGANIZATION :I* HAS OBTA9$1 ) SU* LIMIT$ MEANS1 RESULTS SO IMM5SE AS ?OSE ATTA9$ BY ! ,RUSSIAN Y\?1 OR :I* HAS %[N SU* 5]GY OR SU* P[]FUL ACTIVITY AS !IR EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE4 ,IT HAS %AK5 A COLOSSUS :I* APPE>$ 9VULN]ABLE -- ,CZ>ISM2 & IT HAS R5D]$ AUTOCRATIC GOV]NM5T H5CE=? IMPOSSIBLE 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,& /ILL IT IS ONLY SIMPLE FOOLS :O IMAG9E ?AT ! ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE WILL GET 9TO P[] :5 ! CR[N ( ,ALEX&] ,I,I,I IS DRAGG$ 9 ! MORE4 ,O!R M5 -- ! PRUD5T ONES1 :O /ROVE TO MAKE A NAME = !MSELVES :ILE ! REVOLUTIONI/S LAID & SPR+ M9E OR P]I%$ 9 ,SIB]IA1 !SE O!RS -- ! 9TRIGU]S1 ! TALK]S1 ! LAWY]S1 ! J\RNALI/S :O N[ & AGA9 %$ A FEW TE>S V]Y SOON DRI$ UP1 ON ! TOMB ( ! H]OES1 & MAKE BELIEVE !Y >E FRI5DS ( ! PEOPLE -- !SE >E ! M5 :O WILL COME & TAKE ! PLACE LEFT VACANT BY ! ,GOV]NM5T1 & WILL %\T @&_?#a#d#g2/& BACK@&_?#a#d#h2 TO ?OSE @&_?#a#d#g2UNKN[N P]SONS@&_?#a#d#h2 :O WILL HAVE PREP>$ !Y WAY = ! ,REVOLUTION4  

"9 "9 "9 

,IT IS 9EVITABLE1 IT CANNOT BE O!RWISE4 ,= IT IS NOT SECRET SOCIETIES NOR EV5 ,REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZATIONS ?AT CAN GIVE F9I%+ BL[N TO GOV]NM5TS4 ,!IR FUNCTIONS1 !IR HI/ORIC MISSION IS TO PREP>E M5@&_?#a#d#f2S M9DS = ! ,REVOLUTION & !N :5 M5@&_?#a#d#f2S M9DS >E PREP>$ & EXT]NAL CIRCUM/ANCES >E FAVORABLE1 ! F9AL RU% IS MADE1 NOT BY ! GR\P ?AT 9ITIAT$ ! MOVEM5T1 BUT BY ! MASS ( ! PEOPLE ALTOGE!R \TSIDE ( ! SOCIETY4 ,ON ! #c#a/ ( ,AUGU/ ,P>IS WAS DEAF TO ! APPEALS ( ,BLANQUI4 ,F\R DAY LAT] HE PROCLAIM$ ! FALL ( ! GOV]NM5T2 BUT !N ! ,BLANQUI/S W]E NO LONG] ! 9ITIATORS ( ! MOVEM5T2 IT WAS ! PEOPLE1 ! MILLIONS :O DE?RONE ! MAN ( ,DECEMB]1 & PROCLAIM$ ! HUMBUGS :OSE NAMES = TWO HE>S HAD RES\ND$ 9 !IR E>S4 ,:5 A ,REVOLUTION IS READY TO BUR/ \T1 :5 ! MOVEM5T IS FELT 9 ! AIR1 :5 ITS SUCCESS IS ALREADY C]TA91 !N A ?\S& NEW M51 ON :OM ! ORGANIZATION HAS NEV] EX]CIS$ ANY DIRECT 9FLU5CE1 COME & JO9 ! MOVEM5T1 LIKE BIRDS ( PREY COM+ TO ! FIELD ( BATTLE TO FE$ ON ! VICTIMS4 ,!SE HELP TO MAKE ! F9AL EF=T1 BUT IT IS NOT 9 ! RANKS ( ! S9C]E & IRRECONCILABLE CONSPIRATORS1 IT IS AMONG ! M5 ON ! F5CE ?AT !Y LOOK = !IR LEAD]S4 ,! CONSPIRATORS :O /ILL >E POSSESS$ ) ! PREJUDICE ( A DICTATOR WORK !N UNCONSCI\SLY TO PUT 9TO P[] !IR [N 5EMIES4  

"9 "9 "9 

,BUT IF ALL ?IS ?AT WE HAVE JU/ SAID IS TRUE ) REG>D TO POLITICAL REVOLUTIONS OR RA!R \TBREAKS1 IT IS MU* MORE TRUE ) REG>D TO ! ,REVOLUTION WE DESIRE -- ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION4 ,TO ALL[ ANY GOV]NM5T TO BE E/ABLI%$1 A /RONG & RECOGNIZ$ P[]1 IT IS TO P>ALYZE ! WORK ( ! ,REVOLUTION AT ONCE4 ,! GOOD ?AT ?IS GOV]NM5T C\LD DO IS NIL1 & ! EVIL IMM5SE4  

,= :AT IS IT WE HAVE ON H&8 ,:AT DO WE UND]/& BY ,REVOLUTION8 ,IT IS NOT A SIMPLE *ANGE ( GOV]NORS4 ,IT IS ! TAK+ POSSESSION BY ! PEOPLE ( ALL SOCIAL WEAL?4 ,IT IS ! ABOLITION ( ALL ! =CES :I* HAVE SO LONG HAMP]$ ! DEVELOPM5T ( ,HUMANITY4 ,BUT IS IT BY DECREES EMANAT+ FROM A GOV]NM5T ?AT ?IS IMM5SE ECONOMIC REVOLUTION CAN BE ACCOMPOLI%$8 ,WE HAVE SE5 9 ! PA/ C5TURY ! ,POLI% REVOLUTION>Y DICTATOR ,KOSCIUSKO DECREE ! ABOLITION ( P]SONAL S]VITUDE1 YET ! S]VITUDE CONT9U$ TO EXI/ = EI<TY YE>S AFT] ?IS DECREE4 ,WE HAVE ! ,CONV5TION1 ! OMNIPOT5T ,CONV5TION1 ! T]RIBLE ,CONV5TION AS ITS ADMIR]S CALL IT1 DECREE ! EQUAL DIVISION P] HEAD ( ALL HE ,COMMUNAL L&S TAK5 BACK FROM ! NOBLES4 ,LIKE SO MANY O!R ?IS DECREE REMA9$ A DEAD LETT] BECAUSE 9 ORD] TO C>RY IT \T IT WAS NECESS>Y ?AT ! PROLET>IANS ( ! RURAL DI/RICTS %\LD MAKE AN 5TIRELY NEW ,REVOLUTION1 & ,REVOLUTIONS >E NOT MADE BY ! =CE ( DECREES4 ,9 ORD] ?AT ! TAK+ POSSESSION ( SOCIAL WEAL? %\LD BECOME AN ACCOMPLI%$ FACT IT IS NECESS>Y ?AT ! PEOPLE %\LD HAVE !IR H&S FREE1 ?AT !Y W\LD %AKE (F ! SLAV]Y TO :I* !Y >E TOO MU* HABITUAT$1 ?AT !Y ACT ACCORD+ TO !IR [N WILL1 & M>* =W>D )\T WAIT+ = ORD]S FROM ANYONE4 ,& IT IS ?IS V]Y ?+ :I* A DICTATOR W\LD PREV5T H[EV] WELL 9TEGRAT$ IT MI<T BE1 :ILE IT W\LD BE 9CAPABLE ( ADVANC+ 9 ! SLI<TE/ DEGREE ! M>* ( ! ,REVOLUTION4  

"9 "9 "9 

,BUT IF GOV]NM5T1 W]E IT EV5 AN IDEAL ,REVOLUTION>Y GOV]NM5T1 CREATES NO NEW =CE & IS ( NO USE :ATEV] 9 ! WORK ( DEMOLITION :I* WE HAVE TO ACCOMPLI%1 /ILL LESS CAN WE C\NT ON IT = ! WORK ( REORGANIZATION :I* MU/ FOLL[ ?AT ( DEMOLITION4 ,! ECONOMIC *ANGE :I* WILL RESULT FROM ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION WILL BE SO IMM5SE & SO PR(\ND1 IT MU/ SO *ANGE ALL ! RELATIONS BAS$ TODAY ON PROP]TY & EX*ANGE1 ?AT IT IS IMPOSSIBLE = ONE OR ANY 9DIVIDUAL TO ELABORATE ! DIFF]5T SOCIAL =MS1 :I* MU/ SPR+ UP 9 ! SOCIETY ( ! FUTURE4 ,?IS ELABORATION ( NEW SOCIAL =MS CAN ONLY BE MADE BY ! COLLECTIVE WORK ( ! MASSES4 ,TO SATISFY ! IMM5SE V>IETY ( CONDITIONS & NE$S :I* WILL SPR+ UP AS SOON AS PRIVATE PROP]TY %ALL BE ABOLI%$1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO HAVE ! COLLECTIVE SUPPL5ESS ( M9D ( ! :OLE PEOPLE4 ,ANY AU?ORITY EXT]NAL TO IT WILL ONLY BE AN OB/ACLE1 ONLY A TRAMMEL ON ! ORGANIC LABOR :I* MU/ BE ACCOMPLI%$1 & BESIDE ?AT A S\RCE ( DISCORD & HATR$4  

,BUT IT IS FULL TIME TO GIVE UP ?IS ILLUSION SO (T5 PROV$ FALSE & S(T5 DE>LY PAID =1 ( A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,GOV]NM5T4 ,IT IS TIME TO ADMIT1 ONCE & = ALL1 ?IS POLITICAL AXIOM ?AT A GOV]NM5T CANNOT BE REVOLUTION>Y4 ,PEOPLE TALK ( ! CONV5TION1 BUT LET US NOT =GET ?AT ! FEW MEASURES TAK5 BY ! ,CONV5TION1 LITTLE REVOLUTION>Y ?\< !Y W]E1 W]E ONLY ! SANCTION ( ACTION ACCOMPLI%$ BY ! PEOPLE :O AT ! TIME TRAMPL$ UND] FOOT ALL GOV]NM5TS4 ,AS ,VICTOR ,HUGO HAS SAID1 ,DANTON PU%$ =W>D ,ROBESPI]RE1 ,M>AT WAT*$ & PU%$ ON ,DANTON1 & ,M>AT HIMSELF WAS PU%$ ON BY ,CIM\RDA9 -- ?IS P]SONIFICATION ( ! CLUBS ( WILD 5?USIA/S & REBELS4 ,LIKE ALL ! GOV]NM5TS ?AT PREC$$ IT & FOLL[$ IT1 ! ,CONV5TION WAS ONLY A DRAG ON ! ACTION ( ! PEOPLE 

"9 "9 "9 

,! FACTS :I* HI/ORY TEA* US >E SO CONCLUSIVE 9 ?IS RESPECT1 ! IMPOSSIBILITY ( A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,GOV]NM5T & ! 9JURI\S EFFECT ( ?AT :I* IS CALL$ BY ! NAME >E SO EVID5T1 ?AT IT W\LD SEEM DIFFICULT TO EXPLA9 ! DET]M9ATION ) :I* A C]TA9 S*OOL CALL+ ITSELF ,SOCIALI/ MA9TA9S ! IDEA ( A GOV]NM5T4 ,BUT ! EXPLANATION IS V]Y SIMPLE4 ,IT IS ?AT ,SOCIALI/S ?\< !Y SAY !Y >E ! FOLL[]S ( ?IS S*OOL1 HAVE AN 5TIRELY DIFF]5T CONCEPTION FROM \RS ( ! ,REVOLUTION :I* WE HAVE TO ACCOMPLI%4 ,= !M1 AS = !M IDLE-CLASS ,RADICALS1 ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION IS RA!R AN AFFAIR ( ! FUTURE AB\T :I* WE HAVE NOT TO ?9K MU* AT PRES5T4 ,:AT !Y DREAM ( 9 !IR 9MO/ ?\<TS1 ?\< !Y DON@&_?#a#d#f2T D>E TO CONFESS IT1 IS SOME?+ 5TIRELY DIFF]5T4 ,IT IS ! 9/ALLATION ( A GOV]NM5T LIKE ?AT ( ,SWITZ]L& OR ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 MAK+ SOME ATTEMPTS AT APPROPRIATION 9 FAVOR ( ! ,/ATE ( :AT !Y CALL @&_?#a#d#g2PUBLIC S]VICES4@&_?#a#d#h2 ,IT IS SOME?+ AFT] ! IDEAL ( ,BISM>K4 ,IT IS A COMPROMISE MADE 9 ADVANCE BETWE5 ! ,SOCIALI/IC ASPIRATIONS ( ! MASSES & ! S]IES ( ! MIDDLE CLASS4 ,!Y W\LD 9DE$ WI% ! APPROPRIATION TO BE COMPLETE1 BUT !Y HAVE NOT C\RAGE TO ATTEMPT IT2 SO !Y PUT IT (F TO ! NEXT C5TURY1 & BE=E ! BATTLE !Y 5T] 9TO NEGOTIATION ) ! 5EMY4  

,= US :O UND]/& ?AT ! MOM5T IS NE> = GIV+ A MORTAL BL[ TO ! MIDDLE-CLASS1 ?AT ! TIME IS NOT F> (F :5 ! PEOPLE WILL BE ABLE TO LAY !IR H&S ON ALL SOCIAL WEAL? & R$UCE ! CLASS ( EXPLOIT]S TO A /ATE ( IMPOT5CE1 = US ,I SAY !RE CAN BE NO HESITATION 9 ! MATT]4 ,WE FL+ \RSELVES BODY & S\L 9TO ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION1 & AS ON ! ROAD WE FOLL[1 A GOV]NM5T1 :ATEV] MAY BE ITS DEVICE1 IS AN OB/ACLE1 WE WILL SWEEP FROM \R PA? ALL AMBITI\S M51 H[EV] !Y %ALL COME TO ?RU/ !MSELVES UPON US AS GOV]NORS ( \R DE/9IES4  

,AWAY ) ,GOV]NM5TS2 MAKE ROOM = ! ,PEOPLE1 & ,AN>*Y6 

7,S\RCE3 ,FRE$OM1 ,A ,J\RNAL ( ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNISM1 ,TRANSLAT$ FROM 0,LA ,REVOLTE0 & REPR9T$ FROM 0,! ,COMMONWEAL407 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahia 3 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,GOV]NM5T -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#b1 #bag 3 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,GOV]NM5T -- ,ADD$4 
,DECEMB] #c1 #bba 3 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,GOV]NM5T -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/