,REVOLUTION>Y ,HANGOV] 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG 

,TEXT 3 

,FIR/ TRANSLATION ( 08888888888888 8888888801 ,PROLET>Y1 ,NO4 #d#d1 #h 7#b#a7 ,APRIL #a#i#i1 PP4 #c-#f4 

,>TICLE 9 ,RUSSIAN3 HTTPS3_/_/WWW4M$IAFIRE4COM_/8O#hUOMWJVB#gSVBS4 

,TRANSLAT$ BY ,NOA ,RODMAN4 

,COPI$ ) ?ANKS FROM ! ,LIBCOM4ORG ,WEBSITE4 

,M>K$ UP BY ,E9DE ,O',CALLA<AN = ! ,M>XI/S' ,9T]NET ,>*IVE4 

,L59 WROTE 9 A LETT] TO ,LUXEMBURG3 ',Y\R >TICLE AGA9/ ! OTZOVI/S & ULTIMATUMI/S HAS PLEAS$ EV]YONE V]Y MU*4' ,AT ! CONF]5CE ( ! EXT5D$ $ITORIAL BO>D ( ,PROLET>Y1 ,Z9OVIEV M5TION$ H] >TICLE3 ',& 9 FACT ! P]=MANCE ( ! OTZOVI/S1 AS IT WAS UP TO N[1 C>RIES AN AN>*I/ *>ACT]4 ,?IS WAS 9DICAT$1 = EXAMPLE1 BY ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG1 :O CANNOT BE SUSPECT$ ( ANY P]SONAL SYMPA?IES OR ANTIPA?IES1 & :O %>PLY OPPOS$ OTZOVISM & ULTIMATUMISM4' ,TO ?IS ,BOGDANOV REPLI$3 ',REMEMB]1 COMRADES1 H[ ! ,M5%EVIKS ACCUS$ ! ,BOL%EVIKS TO BE AN>*I/S1 TO BE PETTY-B\RGEOIS4 ,Y\ PROBABLY NOTIC$ ?AT ,I ID5TIFY ) ! ,L59 ( #a#i#d-#e4 ,?IS IS DONE 9VOLUNT>ILY4 ,GRIGORY 7,Z9OVIEV7 V]Y WELL IMPLICAT$ ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG1 :O 9 #a#i#d-#e PLAY$ ! ROLE ( ,M5%EVIK SUPPORT+-VOICE1 & N[ - ( Y\4' 

7,FROM ! M9UTES3 888888888 888888888 88888888888 88888888 0888888888801 #a#i#c#d1 P4 #b#i#d4 ,L59'S 9T]V5TIONS H]E4 ,! REPORT & RESOLUTIONS ( ?IS CONF]5CE CAN BE F\ND H]E4 

,ON #a ,AUGU/ #aii ,LUXEMBURG  WROTE TO ,TYSZKA_/,JOGI*ES ?AT %E HAD 'GLANC$ AT ! REPORT1 BECAUSE IF ONE READS EV]Y?+ ONE BECOMES UNWELL4 ,I HAVE NO IDEA1 H[ ! ,S,D,K,PI,L %[$ ITSELF 9 RELATION TO ?IS /RIFE2 ,I ?9K IT'S A ,TAT>-,MONGOL GAME4 ,?AT ,GORKY & ,CO4 >E NOT ANGRY ) US = MY >TICLE ON OTZOVISM IS PROV$ BY ! ATTA*$ LETT] ( ,BOGDANOV4' 7,L4 HAS 9 M9D ,BOGDANOV'S LETT] TO ,TYSZKA ( #g ,AUGU/ #a#i#i47 

,REVOLUTION>Y ,HANGOV] 

,I 

,HI/ORY DOES NOT PAMP] ! PROLET>IAT4 ,N[1 :5 UND] ! UNDIVID$ RULE ( C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y VIOL5CE ! OP5 P]=MANCE ( ! BROAD MASS BECAME ALMO/ IMPOSSIBLE1 :5 REVOLUTION>Y WORK AGA9 HAS BE5 DRIV5 UND]GR\ND1 ! P>TICIPATION ( ! PROLET>IAN ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC DEPUTIES 9 ! ,/ATE ,DUMA IS ! LA/ /RONG 'LEGAL' PO/ ( CLASS /RUGGLE1 ! ,DUMA TRIBUNE - ! LA/ TRIBUNE1 9 :I* IT IS POSSIBLE TO MORE OR LESS OP5LY PROCLAIM ! SLOGANS ( ?IS /RUGGLE4 ,& !N IT APPE>S ?AT EV5 ?IS LA/ LEGAL REPRES5TATION ( ! PROLET>IAT BY F> DOES NOT /& AT ! HEI<T ( ITS TASKS1 ?AT ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC FACTION V]Y (T5 MAKES MI/AKES1 ?AT ! ,DUMA TRIBUNE IS 9SUFFICI5TLY US$ = ! SY/EMATIC UPHOLD+ ( ! PR9CIPLES ( CLASS /RUGGLE1 = REVOLUTION>Y CRITIQUE ( ALL B\RGEOIS P>TIES & !IR C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y GAMES1 = POLITICAL 5LI<T5M5T ( ! LABOR+ MASS1 BUT FREQU5TLY IS AN >5A ( 9DECISIVE ACTION & VACILLATION ON ! SIDE ( ! PROLET>IAN DEPUTIES1 VACILLATION1 EXCLUD+ A SU/A9$ POLITICAL L9E & SOMETIMES DIRECTLY CONTRADICTORY TO ! DEM&S ( PROLET>IAN POLITICS4 ,IF ONE EVALUATES SIMIL> FACTS 'ON ! SURFACE'1 NOT DELV+ DEEP] 9 !IR BACKGR\ND1 !N ONE CAN CALL ! PRES5T CONDITION ( ! ,DUMA REPRES5TATION ( ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY QUITE SAD4 ,BUT TO SAY ONLY ?IS W\LD BE TO OBS]VE A TRU?1 UND\BT$LY1 *EAP]1 ?AN FRUITFUL4 

,H[EV]1 NO LESS 9C&ESC5T 788888887 9 ITS SYMPTOMATIC SIGNIFICANCE IS ALSO ?AT RESULT1 :I* ! WEAKNESS ( \R ,DUMA REPRES5TATION CALL =? AMONG ! RANKS ( ! P>TY 9 ! =M ( A CURR5T1 PROCLAIM+ OP5LY OR SECRETLY ! RECALL ( ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC FACTION AS ! SOLE EXIT FROM ! SAD SITUATION4 ,! ACTIVITY ( ! FACTION 9 ! ?IRD ,DUMA PROV$ ITS UNFITNESS AS A WEAPON ( CLASS /RUGGLE - CONSEQU5TLY1 ONE NE$S TO RECALL ! FACTION4 ,SO REASON SOME ,RUSSIAN COMRADES1 TAK+1 EVID5TLY1 ?IS /IRR+ SIMPLICITY & DIRECT POLITICAL REASON+ = TRULY REVOLUTION>Y DECISIV5ESS & SOLIDITY 9 PUTT+ ! QUE/ION4 ,= BETT] OR = WORSE1 REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAN POLITICS DOES NOT BOIL D[N TO SU* SIMPLIFI$ ME?OD ( ?\<T1 - IT MU/ BE BAS$1 9 ! GIV5 CASE1 AS ALSO ALWAYS1 FIR/ ( ALL ON ! DEEP] ANALYSIS ( OBJECTIVE CONDITIONS ( /RUGGLE ( ! PROLET>IAT & ON ! DISSECTION ( ?OSE DIALECTICAL 9T]-RELATIONS1 9 :I* LIES ALSO ! TRUE S\RCE ( DIFFICULTIES1 EXP]I5C$ BY ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY1 & ! TRUE ROAD = ! EXIT FROM !SE DIFFICULTIES4 

,! QUE/ION AB\T ! ACTIVITY ( ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC FACTION 9 ! ?IRD ,DUMA CAN BE REG>D$ FROM TWO SIDES3 FROM ! SIDE ( ! P]SONAL QUALITY ( ! FACTION & ! 9EPTITUDE ( ITS P]=MANCE & FROM ! SIDE ( OBJECTIVE CONDITIONS1 MAK+ ! CONDUCT NE>LY IMPOSSIBLE 9 ! ?IRD ,DUMA ( G5U9E PROLET>IAN TACTICS4 ,REG>D+ ! MATT] 9ITIALLY FROM ! FIR/ VIEWPO9T1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO NOTE1 ?AT P]SONAL COMPOSITION ( A P>LIAM5T>Y FACTION HAS = B\RGEOIS P>TIES & = ! P>TY ( ! CONSCI\SNESS PROLET>IAT AN 5TIRELY DIFF]5T MEAN+ - ACCORD+LY A FUNDAM5TAL DIFF]5CE 9 ! RELATION ( !SE & ! O!R T[>D P>LIAM5T>ISM 9 G5]AL4 ,= B\RGEOIS P>TIES1 ! POLITICAL /RUGGLE :I* IS EXHAU/$ BY ! /RIV+ T[>D ! PASSAGE ( A DET]M9$ LEGISLATIVE MEASURE1 EQUALLY AS T[>D ! OCCUPATION ( GOV]NM5TAL PO/S1 9 P>LIAM5T IS CONC5TRAT$ ! :OLE ME*ANISM ( POLITICAL TRANS=MATION1 ! C5T] ( POLITICAL /RUGGLE4 ,& P]SONAL ACCOMPLI%M5TS & %ORTCOM+S ( ! FACTION HAVE !RE=E = !M GREAT MEAN+4 ,AS A POLE = ANY B>GA9 ) ! GOV]NM5T & ) O!R P>TIES1 = UNPR9CIPL$ COMB9ATIONS & S\<T UTILIZATION ( A MOM5T 9 ! *ASE AFT] R++ MONET>Y TANGIBLE SUCCESS1 ! B\RGEOIS P>LIAM5T IS AN EXCELL5T BATTLEGR\ND = P]SONALLY TAL5T$ P>TY LEAD]S4 ,H[EV]1 ALSO H]E ! P]SONAL ELEM5T F9DS ITS OBJECTIVE LIMITS 9 ?AT PURELY 'MAT]IALI/' CIRCUM/ANCE1 ?AT ALSO 9 B\RGEOIS CLASSES NOT ! P]SONAL TAL5TS ( P>LIAM5T>Y LEAD]S CREATE ! ABILITY OR 9ABILITY ( ! P>TY1 BUT1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 ! G5]AL POLITICAL POSITION ( ! P>TY 9 ! C\NTRY1 ITS 9FLU5CE OR WEAKNESS1 9 FUNCTION ( ITS CLASS *>ACT] & CONNECT$ TO IT G5]AL DIRECTION ( ITS POLITICS1 CREATE A BATTLEGR\ND = ! TAL5T OR LACK ( TAL5T ( ITS MEMB]S ( P>LIAM5T4 ,SO 9 ! ,G]MAN ,CA?OLIC ,C5T] ,P>TY AFT] ! REPLACEM5T ( ,LUDWIG ,W9D?OR/1 ! \T/&+ LEAD] ( ! ,C5T] FROM ! EPO* ( P]SECUTION ( ! ,CA?OLICS BY ,BISM>CK1 !RE APPE>$ A SMALL BIPOD ( ! SORTS ( ,]N/ ,LIEB] & ,K>L ,BA*EM S9CE !N1 AS ! P>TY ( ! ,C5T] ITSELF BECAME A PILL> ( RI<TW+ REACTION4 ,SO AT ! HEAD ( ! FI<T+ & OPPOSITIONAL ,G]MAN LIB]ALISM /OOD ONCE ! /RONG FIGURE ( ! SORT ( ,JAKOB ,MAUVILLON1 & 9 ! PRES5T DAY1 9 ! DEEP DECAY ( LIB]ALISM TO ! LEVEL ( ! SWAMP ( ! PRES5T POLITICS ( ! 'BLOC'1 AT ITS HEAD /&S 9 ! ,G]MAN P>LIAM5T A BAT* ( ALREADY QUITE ANONYM\S M$IOCRITIES4 ,ON ! O!R SIDE1 9 ,RUSSIA A S]IES ( )\T D\BT BRILLIANT P>LIAM5T>Y TAL5TS1 ( :I* ! ,CADET ,P>TY DISPOSES1 >E DUE TO ! 9T]NAL WEAKNESS & BANKRUPTCY ( ?IS P>TY ( A TRAGICOMICAL USELESSNESS1 EV5 MORE ONLY EMPHASIZ+ ITS PITIABLE POSITION1 :ILE ! LEAD+ POSITION 9 ! ,DUMA IS ! CO>SE & IDEOLOGICALLY ILLIT]ATE ,VLADIMIR ,PURI%KEVI*4 

,5TIRELY DIFF]5T /&S ! MATT] 9 ! P>TY ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,SEE+ P>LIAM5T>Y ACTIVITY ONLY AS ONE ( ! WEAPONS ( CLASS /RUGGLE1 ! PROLET>IAT DIRECTS ITS EF=TS FIR/ ( ALL NOT ON ! A*IEVEM5T ( IMM$IATE OCCASIONAL SUCCESSES 9 ! =M ( SMALL LEGISLATIVE RE=MS1 BUT ON ! EXPLANATION 9 P>LIAM5T AT EV]Y POSSIBILITY ( ITS CLASS 9T]E/S & TASKS4 ,! P>LIAM5T>Y FACTION ( ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATS & ITS ACTIVITY >E1 9 ?IS WAY1 ONLY A REFLECTION ( ! POLITICAL CONSCI\SNESS ( ! ADVANC$ LAY]S ( ! PROLET>IAT1 & ! ACTIVITY ( ! FACTION NE$S TO BE SE5 ! MORE COMPLETE1 ! MORE ?AT IT FULLY & PRECISELY REFLECTS & TRANSMITS ?AT :I* COMPRISES ! 9TELLECTUAL CONT5T ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE ( ! PROLET>IAT 9 ! C\NTRY4 ,! P]SONAL SIGNIFICANCE & TAL5T ( S+LE P>LIAM5T>Y MEMB]S H]E IS 9COMP>ABLY LESS DECISIVE1 ?AN 9 B\RGEOIS P>TIES4 ,NOT ALL[+ ANY 9DIVIDUAL & SUDD5 IMPROVIZATION1 ! P>LIAM5T>Y TACTICS ( ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY >E CONCLUD$ BE=EH& 9 ! FRAME ( ! PR9CIPL$ & TACTICAL BASIS ( CLASS /RUGGLE1 =MULAT$ 9 EV]Y C\NTRY BY ! CONSCI\S & ORGANIZ$ REPRES5TATIVE ( ! PROLET>IAT1 I4E4 ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC P>TY4 ,! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC MEMB]S ( P>LIAM5T >E1 ?US1 BY !IR V]Y VOCATION1 ONLY M\?PIECES ( TACTICS1 E/ABLI%$ BY ! SAME PROLET>IAN P>TY AS A :OLE1 UND] ! WIDE/ POSSIBLE P>TICIPATION & CONTROL ( ! WIDE/ POSSIBLE LAY]S ( ! WORK+ MASS4 ,!RE=E1 9DEP5D5TLY ( ! SECOND>Y QUE/ION ON ! MORE OR LESS TAL5T$NESS ( P>LIAM5T>Y P]=MANCE1 ! TACTICS ( ! PROLET>IAN DEPUTIES AS A :OLE1 AS ALSO 9 EV]Y P>T1 CAN NOT 9 ITS 5TIRE NATURE BE A MATT] ( !SE MEMB]S ( P>LIAM5T1 BUT CAN ONLY BE A MATT] ( ! P>TY AS A :OLE4 ,SO1 E4G41 ! P>LIAM5T>Y TACTICS ( ! ,G]MAN ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY1 REA* AFT] =TY YE>S TO SU* A DEGREE ( DET]M9$NESS1 ?AT IT BECAME ALMO/ R\T9E & CAN TODAY APPLY 7888888888887 ANY DEPUTY ALMO/ ME*ANICALLY1 BY =CE ( TRADITION & H>D E/ABLI%$ OBJECTIVE OP9ION 9 ! RANKS ( ! P>TY4 ,BUT A SIMIL> /EAD9ESS ( TACTICS1 PR$E/9+ TO ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC P>LIAM5T>IANS 9 ADVANCE ! NECESS>Y L9E = !M1 9 AGREEM5T ) ! WILL ( ! P>TY1 IS POSSIBLE ONLY UND] TWO CONDITIONS3 UND] /EAD9ESS ( ! POLITICAL & CLASS SITUATION 9 ! C\NTRY & UND] 9T]NAL UNITY1 A /RONG ORGANIZATION & PR9CIPL$ /EAD9ESS ( ?IS PROLET>IAN P>TY4 ,IF ,G]MAN ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY CAN S]VE UNTIL N[ AS ! CLASSICAL EXAMPLE ( ! A*IEVEM5T ( BO? CONDITIONS1 !N ! ,FR5* SOCIALISM ( ! TIME ( ! ,MILL]& CRISIS S]VES NO LESS A CLASSICAL EXAMPLE ( ! OPPOSITE CASE1 PROV+ H[ MU* 9T]NAL ORGANIZATIONAL & 9TELLECTUAL DISUNITY ( ! PROLET>IAN P>TY IMM$IATELY F9DS ITSELF REFLECT$ 9 SOCIALI/ MEMB]S ( P>LIAM5T & 9 !IR ISOLATION & ALI5ATION FROM ! V]Y P>TY1 ORGANS ( :I* !Y W]E CALL$ TO BE4 ,BO? EXAMPLES CLE>LY CONFIRM ?AT !RE EM]GES FROM ! V]Y NATURE ( PROLET>IAN P>LIAM5T>ISM1 PRECISELY1 ?AT SIMPLE FACT1 ?AT EV]Y SOCIALI/ P>TY HAS SU* A P>LIAM5T>Y FACTION1 AS IT - BY =CE ( EXT]NAL & 9T]NAL CONDITIONS DES]VES4 

,9 ,RUSSIA UND\BT$LY BO? FUNDAM5TAL CONDITIONS >E V]Y PROBLEMATIC = SEASON$ P>LIAM5T>Y TACTICS ( ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY4 ,IF 9 ! SECOND ,DUMA P>LIAM5T>Y ACTIVITY ( ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY WAS HELD /ILL COMP>ATIVELY HI< AFT] ! LA/ WAVES ( MASS REVOLUTION>Y UPSURGE1 !N AFT] ! WE> (F ( !SE WAVES ! SAD SITUATION WAS REVEAL$ 9 FULL CL>ITY4 ,! UN/ABLE POLITICAL EQUILIBRIUM1 CREAT$ BY ! SIEGE ( C\NT]-REVOLUTION & ! CON/ANT *ANGES 9 9T]-RELATION ( =CE ( CLASSES & P>TIES1 9 P>TICUL> - ! 5TIRELY SPECIAL *>ACT] ( ! ?IRD ,DUMA1 REPRES5T+ ITSELF NEI!R A LEGISLATIVE B\RGEOIS P>LIAM5T1 NOR AT LEA/ A WEAPON ( REVOLUTION>Y TURNOV]1 MAKE 5TIRELY IMPOSSIBLE ! APPLICATION ( ANY TEMPLATE & REQUIRES1 ESPECIALLY ) ! LACK ( ANY P>LIAM5T>Y TRADITION 9 ,RUSSIA1 AT EV]Y /EP 9DEP5D5T CREATIVE WORK ( APPLY+ ! G5]AL PR9CIPLES & TASKS ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE T[>D ! PECULI> CONDITIONS4 ,BUT IF1 9 LI<T ( ?IS1 IT BECOMES ALL ! MORE CLE> ?AT SU* CREATIVE WORK CAN BE ! MATT] SOLELY ( ?IS PROLET>IAN P>TY1 !N IT FOLL[S TO SAY ?AT 9 ,RUSSIA ! P>TY LIFE ( ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY 9 ! PRES5T TIME REPRES5TS 9 ?IS RELATION A S]IES ( %ORTCOM+S4 ,NOT ONLY IS !RE A LACK ( A /RONG & COHESIVE CORE1 :I* ?\< TO C]TA9 DEGREE C\LD S]VE AS SURROGATE ( OP5 & DIRECT 9FLU5CE ( ! WORK+ MASS ON !IR ,DUMA REPRES5TATIVES1 MADE IMPOSSIBLE UND] DOM9ATION ( ! :ITE T]ROR ( C\NT]-REVOLUTION1 BUT EV5 ALSO ?OSE ELEM5TS ( ! ORGANIZATION1 :I* >E AT H&1 GNAW AT ! ROOT ) FUNDAM5TALLY UNCEAS+ & IMPUD5T 9T]NAL /RUGGLE1 REA*+ 9 A FEW COMRADES - 9S(> AS ONE CAN RELY ON ! PRESS - EV5 ! OP5 ATTEMPT TO LIQUIDATE ! P>TY ITSELF4 ,RUSSIAN COMRADES1 >E RES5T+ TO ! DEP? ( ! S\L ! DISOB$I5CE ( ! ,DUMA FACTION TO ! SUPREME ORGAN ( ! P>TY1 ! ,C5TRAL ,COMMITTEE1 & AT ! SAME TIME 5TIRELY >E COM+ TO T]MS ) ! FACT ?AT ?IS SUPREME 9/ITUTION ( ! P>TY QUIETLY IS TREAT$ 9 ?IS P>TY'S ORGANS1 AS A 'CIRCLE ( P]SONS1 HOLD+ SWAY 9 (FICIAL 9/ITUTIONS ( ! P>TY'1 ?AT CONTR>Y TO ! =MAL UNITY ( ! P>TY & 9 MOCK]Y ( IT1 9 ! FRAMEWORK ( IT !RE CONT9UES TO BE WAG$ AN OP5 & T5ACI\S1 AL?\< ALSO NOT =MALLY ORGANIZ$1 FACTIONAL /RUGGLE1 DIRECT$ OBJECTIVELY AGA9/ ! P>TY AS A :OLE1 ?AT ?IS QUE/ION ( ,DUMA TACTICS IS TURN$ 9 AN OBJECT ( FACTIONAL /RUGGLE1 SO ?AT ONE P>T ( ! P>TY SEES IT AS A SACR$ DUTY TO DEF5D & JU/IFY ?AT CONDUCT ( ! DEPUTIES1 :I* PROVOKES SU* ?OR\< CRITIQUE ( ! O!R P>T ( ! P>TY1 - !SE COMRADES DO NOT NOTICE1 EVID5TLY1 H[ MU* !Y FALL 9 A CONTRADICTION1 NOT DEVOID ( GREAT /RANG5ESS4 ,& EXACTLY ! SAME1 AS #f-#g YE>S AGO ! CONT9U\S 9DICTM5T ( ! ,FR5* ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACTS AGA9/ !IR [N MEMB]S ( P>LIAM5T = SY/EMATIC ALT]ATION ( P>TY PR9CIPLES & = T5ACI\S DISOB$I5CE TO P>TY 9/ITUTIONS WAS ONLY AN 9V]T$ REFLECTION ( ! PECULI> ORGANIZATIONAL IDEOLOGICAL DISUNITY 9 ! RANKS ( ! SOCIALI/ PROLET>IAT ( ,FRANCE1 SO ! ADVICE ( ?OSE ,RUSSIAN COMRADES :O REG>D IT ?R\< ?ICK & ?9 NECESS>Y N[ BY AN 'ULTIMATUM' TO FLOG ! ,DUMA FACTION1 IS TANTAM\NT 9 ESS5CE TO ! ADVICE1 ?AT ! P>TY PLAY ! ROLE ( ,GOGOLIAN (FIC]'S WIFE1 I4E4 FLOG ITSELF4 

,IT REQUIRES1 ( C\RSE1 NO SPECIAL 9SI<T1 TO NOTE1 ?AT ! \TL9$ CONDITION ( ,RUSSIAN ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY1 FROM ITS SIDE1 IS NOT ACCID5TAL1 ?AT1 AS ITS ORGANIZATIONAL DISUNITY IS CONDITION$ 9 ! FIR/ PLACE BY ! ACTUAL C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y REGIME1 HOLD+ D[N ! MOVEM5T ( ! PROLET>IAT & HAV+ P]V]T$ ! NORMAL =MS & FUNCTIONS ( ITS P>TY LIFE1 SO ALSO FACTIONAL /RIFE IS ROOT$1 TO A SIGNIFICANT DEGREE1 9 ! SAME G5]AL CONDITIONS ( DEVELOPM5T ( ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY4 ,BUT ONCE ?IS IS SO1 !N ! COMRADES1 WI%+ TO CORRECT ! ,DUMA DEPUTIES BY AN 'ULTIMATUM'1 %\LD APPLY ?IS FE>SOME ULTIMATUM T[>D !SE OBJECTIVE CONDITIONS ( ,RUSSIAN SOCIAL LIFE1 :I* PREV5T N[ ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY TO BE A /RONG & UNIT$ ORGANIZATION ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 9 :I* ! P>LIAM5T>Y FACTION BY ITSELF IS R$UC$ TO ITS NATURAL ROLE3 AN OB$I5T WEAPON 9 ! H&S ( ! CONSCI\S PROLET>IAT4 

  

,I,I4 

,! ASSESSM5T ( ! ACTIVITY ( ! ,DUMA DEPUTIES1 LEAD+ TO ! IDEA ( RECALL ( !M1 RE/S1 ON ! O!R SIDE1 ON A HI<LY DI/9CT UND]/&+ ( ! TACTICAL TASKS ( ! PROLET>IAT 9 RELATION TO ! ?IRD ,DUMA 9 G5]AL4 ,9 ! RESOLUTIONS1 =MULAT$ BY ! ADH]5TS ( ?IS IDEA1 I4E4 BY ! 'OTZOVI/S' 9 ,MOSC[1 AS ALSO 9 ,/4 ,PET]SBURG1 DECISIVELY IS EXPRESS$ ?AT VIEW1 ?AT ! UTILIZATION ( ! ?IRD ,DUMA1 AS A TRIBUNE = AGITATION 9 ! SPIRIT ( ! PR9CIPLES ( CLASS /RUGGLE1 PROV$ BY =CE ( EXT]NAL CONDITIONS TO BE 5TIRELY IMPOSSIBLE & ?AT !RE=E '! ONLY WAY \T ( ! CREAT$ SITUATION IS AN ABIDICATION ( ! ,SOC4-,DEM4 DEPUTIES1 ?AT EMPHASIZES ! TRUE *>ACT] ( ?IS ,DUMA1 AS WELL AS ! REVOLUTION>Y TACTICS ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,SOC4-,DEM4 ,WORK4 ,P>TY 7SEE ! >TICLE ( AN OTZOVI/ 9 NO4 #e ,RAB4 ,ZNAM5I1 REPUBLI%$ 9 NO4 #ci ( ,PROLET>Y74 .<#a.> 

,9 ?IS WAY1 A P>TIAL QUE/ION ( ! ASSESSM5T ( ! ACTIVITY ( ! GIV5 ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC DEPUTIES TURNS TO ! GR\ND ( A MU* MORE G5]AL & FUNDAM5TAL QUE/ION ( TACTICS3 TO ! GR\ND ( A BOYCOTT ( ! ,DUMA BY ! CONSCI\S PROLET>IAT4 ,FACTUALLY ! RECALL ( ! ,DUMA DEPUTIES LOGICALLY BOILS D[N TO ! BOYCOTT ( ! ,DUMA1 AT LEA/1 UNTIL N[1 AS LONG AS ! ELECTION LAW ( #c ,JUNE EXI/S & ! CORRESPOND+ ) IT =CE 9 ! ,DUMA4 ,BOYCOTT1 & ?AT 9 ! =M ( A SIMPLE EXIT FROM ! ,DUMA ( ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC DEPUTIES1 IS RECOMM5D$ 9 ! PRES5T TIME1 AS SOLE TRULY 'REVOLUTION>Y TACTIC' 9 RELATION TO ! REIGN+ C\NT]-REVOLUTION 9 ! ?IRD ,DUMA4 ,IT IS NECESS>Y TO NOTE ?AT ?IS LATE/ 9V5TION ( 'REVOLUTION>9ESS' IS NOT DI/+UI%$ BY ORIG9ALITY & 9 ANY CASE DID NOT CO/ ITS AU?ORS TOO MU* /RA9 ( ?\<T4 ,! LATE/ RECIPE ( PROLET>IAN 'RADICALISM' REPRES5TS A SIMPLE REHEAT+ ( ! SLOGAN ( BOYCOTT ( ! ,DUMA1 APPLI$ 9 ! TIME ( ELECTION ) ! FIR/ ,DUMA1 NOT HAV+ LO/ ITS *>M /ILL ALSO ) ! ELECTION = ! SECOND ,DUMA & DEF5D$ BY A FEW COMRADES ON ! EVE ( ELECTIONS 9 ! ?IRD ,DUMA4 ,BUT ?IS CIRCUM/ANCE S]VES AS AT ONCE A NEW EXAMPLE ( ?AT SIMPLIFI$1 VULG> UND]/&+ ( PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION>9ESS1 :I* IS R$UC$ ?R\< PURELY EXT]NAL FA%ION TO WELL-KN[N %ORT & DRY =MULAS1 NOT GIV+ ONESELF ! EF=T TO FA?OM ! CORRESPOND5CE ( MILITANT TACTICS ( ! PROLET>IAT ) ! LIV+ & SUPPLE REALITY4 ,BOYCOTT BY ITSELF AS AB/RACT SLOGAN1 APPLI$ 9 ALL POSSIBLE CIRCUM/ANCES1 REPRES5TS NOT ONLY NOT ANY?+ SPECIFICALLY REVOLUTION>Y1 BUT EV5 CAN BE A MANIFE/ATION ( ! 5TIRELY OPPOSITE *>ACT]4 ,:5 9 ! TIME ( ! #ahdh REVOLUTION 9 ,G]MANY1 AFT] ! P[]LESS1 EQUIVOCAL & C[>DLY LIB]AL B\RGEOISIE 9 ! C\RSE ( HALF A YE>1 >RIV$ TO ! 9EVITABLE F9ALE 9 ! =M ( ! GOV]NM5T TURNOV] ( #a ,NOVEMB]1 ACCOMPANI$ BY ! REPLACEM5T ( ! M9I/RY ( ,PFUEL & ! 9/ALLM5T ( ! OP5LY REACTION>Y FEUDAL CAB9ET ( C\NT ,BR&5BURG1 ! HEADLESS ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY ANN\NC$ 9 RESPONSE TO ! ABSOLUTI/ TURNOV] A BOYCOTT ( ! GOV]NM5T 9 ! =M ( 'PASSIVE RESI/ANCE'4 ,! ,NEUE ,RHE9IS*E ,ZEITUNG1 PUBLI%$ BY ,K>L ,M>X1 IMM$IATELY DECL>$ 9 ! ,RH9E ,PROV9CE A C\NT]WEI<T TO ?IS SLOGAN ( ! B\RGEOISIE & = ! SUPPORT ( ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY ! NECESSITY ( A S]IES ( ACTIVE MEASURES3 FROM ! REFUSAL TO PAY TAXES TO ! =MATION ( REVOLUTION>Y COMMITTEES ( PUBLIC SAFETY1 ADD+3 ',:]E C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y AU?ORITIES SEEK =CIBLY TO FRU/RATE ! =MATION & (FICIAL ACTIVITY ( !SE COMMITTEES1 =CE MU/ BE OPPOS$ BY EV]Y K9D ( =CE4 ,PASSIVE RESI/ANCE MU/ HAVE ACTIVE RESI/ANCE AS ITS BASIS4 ,O!RWISE IT WILL RESEMBLE ! VA9 /RUGGLE ( A CALF AGA9/ ITS SLAU<T]]4' .<#b.> ,9 O!R WORDS1 ,M>X SAW AS NECESS>Y ! IMM$IATE TRANS=MATION ( PASSIVE BOYCOTT1 ANN\NC$ 9 RESPONSE TO ! REACTION>Y ATTACK BY ! ,G]MAN B\RGEOISIE1 9 A S]IES ( MEASURES1 CAUS+ ACTIVE 9T]V5TION ( ! MASS ( ! PROLET>IAT & /REET REVOLUTION4 ,BUT AS ! ,G]MAN B\RGEOISIE 9 #ahdh WAS AFRAID ( /REET & 9DEP5D5T BATTLES ( ! PROLET>IAT /ILL MU* MORE1 ?AN ( ABSOLUTISM & ! CONNECT$ ) IT FEUDAL P>TY & PRECISELY !RE=E BE=E IT GAVE 91 S9CE IT PRECISELY !RE=E /AY$ AT ! SLOGAN ( 'PASSIVE RESI/ANCE'1 SO ?AT = NO?+ IT W\LD D>E TO APPEAL TO 9T]V5TION ( ! POPUL> MASS1 - !N ! ,NOVEMB] UPRIS+ ( ,M>X1 AS ALSO ! :OLE ( HIS POLITICS 9 ! REVOLUTION ( #a#h#d#h1 REMA9$ A VOICE 9 ! WILD]NESS4 ,NO REVOLUTION>Y P]=MANCE 9 RESPONSE TO ! C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y PROVOCATION TOOK PLACE1 & ! M5TION$ 'PASSIVE RESI/ANCE' ( ! ,G]MAN B\RGEOISIE 5D$ AS ALWAYS 5DS ! 'VA9 /RUGGLE ( A CALF AGA9/ ITS SLAU<T]]'3 ! LIB]AL CALF WAS CUT BY ! SLAU<T]]-ABSOLUTISM4 

,H[EV]1 ! FACT ?AT PASSIVE RESI/ANCE ONLY 9 UNISON ) ACTIVE1 MILITANT RESI/ANCE REPRES5TS AN ACTUAL MEANS ( POLITICAL /RUGGLE1 ?IS REMA9$ NOT A SECRET ALSO = ! B\RGEOISIE ITSELF1 - IT PROCE$S TO AGREE ) ! SPIRIT ( ! ,M>XI/ SLOGAN ( #ahdh 9 ALL ?OSE CASES1 :5 ITS CLASS 9T]E/S REM9DS IT ( ?IS & ! EXT5T ( ITS ANTAGONISM 9 RELATION TO ! PROLET>IAT4 ,ANO!R HI/ORICAL EXAMPLE ( ! APPLICATION ( PASSIVE RESI/ANCE 9 POLITICAL /RUGGLE WE F9D 9 ! HI/ORY ( ! ,CZE* NATIONALI/S1 HAV+ BOYCOTT$ ! G5]AL-IMP]IAL P>LIAM5T 9 ! C\RSE ( FIFTE5 YE>S4 ,:5 ,AU/RIAN ABSOLUTISM 9 ! BEG9N+ ( ! #a#h#fS UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( REFRE%+ SCOLD+S1 RECEIV$ BY !M AT ,MAG5TA & ,SOLF]9O1 DECID$ TO TURN ON ! ROAD ( 'LAWFUL ORD]' & OCTROY$ ON ! C\NTRY ! C5TRALI/ CON/ITUTION ( ,S*M]L+1 - ,CZE* NATIONALI/S1 COMPELL+ A F$]ALI/ SY/EM1 REFUS$ 9 #ahfc TO ELECT FROM ! ,BOHEMIAN ,L&TAG DEPUTIES TO ! ,VI5NA C5TRAL ,REI*SRAT & T5ACI\SLY HELD ON TO ?IS POSITION UP TO #a#h#g#h1 AS LONG AS BROAD CONCESSIONS W]E NOT COMPELL$ FROM M9I/] ,TAAFFE4 ,TRUE1 !IR REACTION>Y F$]ALI/ IDEAL NOT ONLY WAS NOT REALIZ$1 BUT ON ! CONTR>Y WAS /EP = /EP RELEGAT$ BY ! POLITICAL DEVELOPM5T ( ,AU/RIA TO ! DOMA9 ( UTOPIA4 ,= ?IS !Y COMPELL$ O!R1 MU* MORE TANGIBLE UTOPIAS1 9 ! =M ( A NEW ELECTION LAW 9 ! ,L&TAG1 RECOGNIZ+ !IR ,CZE* LANGUAGE M&ATORY 9 ,BOHEMIA = GOV]M5T LANGUAGE1 ,CZE* UNIV]SITIES ETC4 ,! POLITICS ( ! ,CZE*S1 H[EV]1 WAS NOT AT ALL R$UC$ AT ?AT TIME TO ONE ONLY BOYCOTT ( ! ,VI5NA P>LIAM5T4 ,AT ONCE :5 ! BOYCOTT WAS ANN\NC$1 !Y LAUN*$ 9 ! C\NTRY ! MO/ WIDE & /ORMY AGITATION4 ,NOT FE>+ TO GO AT MEET+S ( MASS F]M5T UND] ! CONV5I5T FLAG ( NATIONAL MY/IFICATION1 OBSCUR+ CLASS CONTRADICTIONS1 ! ,CZE*S TRI$ BY ALL =CE TO PROP UP !IR PASSIVE RESI/ANCE '9 P>LIAM5T' ) ! TO ACTIVE RESI/ANCE EXCIT$ POPUL> MASS1 & ANN\NC$ 9 #ahfh 9 ,BOHEMIA A /ATE ( SIEGE1 NUM]\S >RE/S1 BLOODY CLA%ES ) ! POLICE & >MY 9 ! #a#h#gS1 A NEW S]IES ( CLA%ES 9 ! #a#h#hS1 :5 ! ,CZE*S AGA9 RESUM$ >M$ ACTIVITY1 ! L\D ,TRIAL ( ',OMLAD9A'1 ! MEMB]S ( :I* :]E S5T5C$ = 'CONSPIRACY' TO DRACONIAN P5ALTIES1 F9ALLY ! DECL>ATION ( A /ATE ( SIEGE 9 ,PRAGUE 9 #ahig PROVES1 ?AT ! AGITATION ( ! NATIONALI/S DID NOT REMA9 )\T SUPPORT FROM ! SIDE ( BROAD CIRCLES ( ! POPULATION4 ,TO CAUSE A REVOLUTION 9 ! NAME ( ! SCRAWNY & REACTION>Y SLOGAN ( NATIONALISM ! ,CZE*S1 ( C\RSE1 DID NOT A*IEVE1 BUT = ?IS !Y FULLY A*IEV$ TO TRANS=M ! PASSIVE BOYCOTT ( P>LIAM5T 9TO ACTIVE RESI/ANCE ( ! C\NTRY4 

,9 ! POLITICS ( ! REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAT1 BY ITS V]Y NATURE1 CALCULAT$ 9 ADVANCE ON ! SELF-ACTIVITY ( ! MASS1 ! P>LIAM5T>Y BOYCOTT 9 ESS5CE CAN BE ONLY AN EPISODE ( ACTIVE MASS /RUGGLE4 ,! COMRADES1 SEE+ 9 ! BOYCOTT ( ! FIR/ ,DUMA1 ANN\NC$ AT ! TIME1 BY ! MAJORITY ( ,RUSSIAN ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY1 A REVOLUTION>Y TACTIC P> EXCELL5CE1 BECAUSE PRECISELY ?AT ?IS WAS A BOYCOTT1 & WI%+ TO REVIVE ?IS TACTIC 9 ANY MOM5T1 EV5 9 #a#i#i1 /& 9 !IR ASSESSM5T 5TIRELY ON ! SAME GR\ND1 AS ! /AUN* OPPON5TS ( BOYCOTT1 D5Y+ IT ALWAYS & EV]Y:]E1 AS A DEADLY S9 AGA9/ ! SACR$ DOGMA ( P>LIAM5T>ISM4 ,9 BO? CASES DROPS 5TIRELY \T ( VIEW ! CONCRETE POLITICAL CIRCUM/ANCE1 9 :I* ! BOYCOTT ( ! ,DUMA WAS AN ELEM5T>Y DUTY & EV5 A CASE ( HONOR ( ! REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAT4 

,! :OLE YE> #aie WAS FROM BEG9N+ TO 5D A P]IOD ( MASS PROLET>IAN /RUGGLE & AT ! SAME TIME A BY PHASES 9CREAS+LY SURG+ WAVE ( REVOLUTION4 ,/>T+ ) #i ,JANU>Y1 ! SIGNAL GIV5 BY ! ,/4 ,PET]SBURG WORK]S1 ! *ANNEL ( ! REVOLUTION 9CREAS+LY EXP&S BY A CONT9U\S S]IES ( MASS /RIKES1 AN UPRIS+ 9 ! >MY & FLEET1 A G5]AL /RIKE 9 ,OCTOB]1 UNTIL ! ,MOSC[ UPRIS+4 ,TO ! REL5TLESS EXPANSION ( ! REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE CORRESPONDS ! QUICK & 5]GETIC DEVELOPM5T ( ITS 9T]NAL LOGIC4 ,REA*+ 9 ,OCTOB] ITS APOGEE BY WAY ( ! APPLICATION ( ! MA9 WEAPON ( ! FIR/ PHASE ( REVOLUTION - ! G5]AL /RIKE1 ! MASS /RUGGLE \TLIVES A MOM5T>Y HIT*1 - DUE TO ! FACT ?AT ! PRACTICAL EFFECT ( ?IS WEAPON 9 ! ,OCTOB] DAYS RUNS \T1 HAV+ F\ND ITS [N LIMITS1 - 9 ORD] TO 9 ! NEXT MOM5T SP$ ! P[] ( ITS PROP] DIALECTIC T[>D A NEW & 9EVITABLE CONCLUSION FROM ! MASS /RUGGLE ( ! PROLET>IAT - T[>D OP5 /RUGGLE4 ,! ,MOSC[ UPRIS+ - ?IS IS ON ! ONE SIDE A CRITIQUE ( ! REVOLUTION 9 RELATION TO ITS [N 9SUFFICI5CY 7,UNZULANGLI*KEIT7 9 ! FIR/ PHASE1 ON ! O!R SIDE ! TRANSITION TO ! SECOND HI<] PHASE1 ! TRANSITION FROM PRELIM9>Y >M$ ACTION AGA9/ ABSOLUTISM T[>D ! REAL ,GORDIAN KNOT ( /RUGGLE1 ?R\< ! ELUCIDATION ( ! REVOLUTION ( ITS [N DEVELOPM5T3 T[>D ! DECISIVE FI<T = POLITICAL P[]4 ,! ,MOSC[ UPRIS+ WAS ! BEG9N+1 ! SLOGAN ( ! SECOND P]IOD ( REVOLUTION1 AS ! UPRIS+ ( #i ,JANU>Y 9 ,/4 ,PET]SBURG WAS ! SIGNAL ( ! FIR/ P]IOD4 ,! REVOLUTION HAD TO GO FULLY ?R\< FUR!R PHASES DEVELOP+ BREAD? & DEP? ON ! GR\ND ( OP5 /REET BATTLES ) ! OLD P[]1 AS IT FROM ,JANU>Y TO ,OCTOB] \TLIV$ IT ON ! GR\ND ( /RIKES4 ,LIKEWISE1 AS ! ,/4 ,PET]SBURG /RIKES1 EXP&+ LIKE A ROLL ( ?UND]1 MOV$ 9TO G5]AL /ORM ( ECONOMIC /RUGGLES1 GRIPP+ ,RUSSIA FROM CORN] TO CORN]1 EXPLOD+ ! SOCIAL GR\ND ?R\<\T ! :OLE C\NTRY & LIFT+ ON !IR FEET ! :OLE MASS ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 - SO ALSO ! ,MOSC[ UPRIS+ W\LD HAVE HAD TO EXP& 9 A S]IES ( UBIQUIT\S UPRIS+S1 :I* ONLY MATUR$ 9W>DLY & M]GE1 F9ALLY1 BY =CE ( ITS [N LOGIC1 9TO A G5]AL UPRIS+ ( ! WORK+ CLASS = OP5 /RUGGLE1 ?AT C\LD BR+ TO ! 5D ! CAUSE ( ! REVOLUTION1 I4E4 DE/ROY ! OLD P[] & CLE> ! GR\ND = A NEW POLITICAL ORD]4 ,! ,MOSC[ UPRIS+ W\LD HAVE HAD TO S]VE AS A SIGNAL = A S]IES ( O!R UPRIS+S1 SO ?AT ! REVOLUTION C\LD FUR!R DEVELOP1 GO FUR!R =W>D1 /RIV+ /EADILY T[>D ITS GOALS4 ,FROM ?IS FOLL[S1 ?AT ! ,MOSC[ UPRIS+ BY ITSELF1 9 ITS ISOLATION C\LD NOT 9 ANY WAY 5D ) VICTORY1 BUT FOLL[S ALSO ?AT ITS HI/ORICAL ROLE 9 ! DE/9IES ( ! REVOLUTION AS A :OLE HAS BE5 LITTLE CONNECT$ ) ITS DIRECT EXT]NAL SUCCESS1 S9CE ! BLOODY DEFEAT - 9 APPE>ANCES1 ! DEFEAT - ( #i ,JANU>Y DID NOT PREV5T IT BY ?IS EV5T TO BECOME ! MOM5T ( ! BIR? ( A GREAT REVOLUTION4 ,:E!R TO TURN ! DEFEAT ( ! ,MOSC[ UPRIS+ 9 A SIGNAL = A NEW (F5SIVE MOVEM5T ( ! REVOLUTION OR A SIGNAL = ! LIQUIDATION ( ! REVOLUTION>Y P]IOD BY ABSOLUTISM - SU* IS ! QUE/ION1 PLAC$ BE=E ! PROLET>IAT AFT] ! ,DECEMB] CRISIS4 ,?IS OR ! O!R RESPONSE DECID$ ! FUR!R DE/9Y ( ! REVOLUTION = YE>S1 ! MOM5T BE+ ! TURN+ PO9T ( ! :OLE REVOLUTION>Y DEVELOPM5T4 ,! CONVOCATION ( ! FIR/ ,DUMA MEANT AN ANSW] 9 ! S5SE1 ( CONDEMN+ ! REVOLUTION TO DECL9E4 ,! ,DUMA1 P>ODY+ POPUL> REPRES5TATION & LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY AT ! TIME1 :5 ! :OLE POLITICAL P[] FACTUALLY REMA9S 9 ! H&S ( ABSOLUTISM & :5 ! FIR/ ATTEMPT TO WRE/ ?IS P[] JU/ 5D$ ) ! DEFEAT ( ! PROLET>IAT1 C\LD BE 9 ESS5CE ONLY A MANEUV] FROM ! SIDE ( C\NT]-REVOLUTION1 A =T1 AT :I* ! OLD P[] C\LD AIM AT LEISURE ITS DAMAG+ BATT]Y & CLOSE RANKS4 ,TO ALL[ ! CONVOCATION ( ?IS ,DUMA1 TO TAKE 9 IT P>T MEANT = ! PROLET>IAT TO TAKE P>T BY ITS [N H& 9 ! OP5LY LIQUIDATION>Y P]IOD1 TO EMB$ A P>TIAL DEFEAT1 AS A G5]AL ONE1 TO TURN VICTORY OV] ! ,MOSC[ UPRIS+ 9TO VICTORY OV] ! REVOLUTION1 TO HALT ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE & TO BEG9 ! RETREAT ON ALL L9ES4 

,POLITICIANS1 CONFUS+ ! ROLE ( ! VANGU>D1 GO+ BE=E ! FI<T+ >MY ( ! PROLET>IAT1 ) ! MU* MORE COM=TABLE ROLE /RONGLY H9DSI<T$ 'HI/ORIANS' ( ITS [N MOVEM5T1 PO9T ) 9EXHAU/IBLE TRIUMPH TO ! FACT ?AT SUBSEQU5T EV5TS PROV$ ! FUTILITY ( ! HOPE = ! FUR!R SPREAD ( MASS UPRIS+S AFT] ! ,MOSC[ DEFEAT4 ,9 FACT1 ! L9E ( /RAI<T DEVELOPM5T ( ! REVOLUTION PROV$ AT ! TIME 9 TATT]S1 ! REVOLUTION WAS DE/9$ = A LONG TIME TO BE BURI$ & ! ME?OD ( ACTION & ! OP]AT+ BASIS1 TO )DRAW 9 ! TRAY ( SOCIAL LIFE & />T H]E ) ?AT GREAT 5]GY ! WORK ( CLASS DIFF]5TIATION & ACCUMULATION ( NEW MAT]IAL = FUTURE ]UPTION4 ,UND\BT$LY1 TO W>D (F ?IS TURN WAS NOT 9 ! P[] ( ?IS OR ! O!R TACTIC ( ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY4 ,BUT ?IS FACT1 ?AT ! VANGU>D ( ! REVOLUTION>Y >MY 5TIRELY CORRECTLY ASSESS$ ! 9T]NAL LOGIC & CONDITIONS ( FUR!R DEVELOPM5T ( /RUGGLE & DID ON ! TURN+ PO9T EV]Y?+ ?AT HANGS ON IT1 9 ORD] TO DELAY ! TURN BACK ( ! :EEL ( EV5TS1 ?AT IT /ROVE TO BR+ ! SITUATION TO EXTREME REVOLUTION>Y PROGRESSION1 TO :I* 9 G5]AL IT WAS POSSIBLE TO GO1 ?AT IT RETREAT$ ONLY DUE TO AN UND\BT$ DECL9E ( ! REVOLUTION1 ONLY AFT] ! 9EVITABILITY ( IT WAS REVEAL$ ) ONE'S [N EYES1 & NOT 9 ADVANCE ?R[+ D[N ! WEAPON ) ! WISE =ESI<T & ANTICIPATION ( DEFEAT1 ?IS FACT BECOMES ONE ( ! ILLU/RI\S TE/IMONIES ( TRULY REVOLUTION>Y TACTICS ON ! PAGES ( HI/ORY ( ! '/ORMY P]IOD' & R$EEMS ) ITS LU/]1 MAYBE1 P>TLY ! SUBSEQU5T ]RORS1 MADE AT ! TIME ( ! FIR/ ,DUMA & AFT] ITS DISSOLUTION4 

,SU* IS ! 9T]NAL MEAN+ ( ! BOYCOTT ( ! FIR/ ,DUMA4 ,ITS REVOLUTION>9ESS LIES NOT 9 ?IS1 SO TO SAY1 TE*NICAL SIDE ( ?IS MEANS ( /RUGGLE1 BUT 9 ?AT AGGREGATE ( TACTICAL MOM5TS1 9 ?AT POLITICAL CONT5T1 = :I* ! BOYCOTT S]V$ AS ONLY AN \TW>D EXPRESSION4 

,H5CE IS UND]/&ABLE ALSO ?AT DEPRESS+ FEEL+1 ) :I* ! ADVANC$ LAY] ( ! PROLET>IAN >MY WAS =C$ TO OBS]VE AFT] ! DISP]SAL ( ! FIR/ ,DUMA1 ?AT ! DECL9E ( ! REVOLUTION IS NOT ONLY A %ORT EPISODE1 BUT A LONG GLOOMY /REAK4 ,! HOPES = A RETURN TO ! P]IOD ( MASS REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLES HAD TO HAVE NATURALLY RISE AFT] ! LIB]AL CAMPAIGN 9 ! FIR/ ,DUMA1 PU%+ ASIDE ! PROLET>IAT FROM ! =EGR\ND ( ! REVOLUTION1 SUFF]$ A RES\ND+ FIASCO4 ,!RE=E1 :5 ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY DECISIVELY URG$ T[>DS AN ALT]ATION ( ! FRONT - T[>DS ! P>TICIPATION 9 ELECTIONS1 OP5LY OBS]V+ BY ?IS ! BECOME 9EVITABLE NECESSITY TO *ANGE OP]AT+ BASIS1 IT WAS NO SURPRISE1 ?AT ! SLOGAN ( ?IS CAUS$1 9 NUM]\S RANKS ( ! PROLET>IAT NOT 9SPIRATION1 BUT A FEEL+ ( DEPRESSION & BEWILD]M5T4 ,! LACK ( ! LOVE ( ! L\D REVOLUTION>Y WORD 'BOYCOTT' CREAT$1 E4G41 AMONG ,POLI% PROLET>IANS A V]Y SLUGGI% RELATION TO ELECTIONS 9 ! SECOND ,DUMA1 & ! S5SE ?AT P>TICIPATION 9 ! ELECTIONS IS ! EXPLICIT & =MAL RECOGNITION BY ! PROLET>IAT ITSELF ( ! DECL9E ( ! REVOLUTION4 

,! LESSONS ( ?REE YE>S CANNOT PASS 9 VA9 = ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY1 ! FIR/ DUTY ( :I* IS LE>N+ FROM HI/ORY4 ,9 ! PRES5T TIME1 GIV5 ! :OLE EVOLUTION1 GONE ?R\< BY SOCIAL CLASSES ( ,RUSSIA 9 ! FRAME ( ! CON/ITUTION ( GOV]NM5TAL TURNOV]1 GIV5 ! CONT9U+ PASSIVITY ( ! LABOR+ MASS & ! /R5G!N$ POSITION ( ABSOLUTISM 9 9T]NAL & EXT]NAL POLITICS1 TO C>RY AS IF NO?+ HAPP5$ ON FUR!R ! TACTICAL L9E ( AN URG5T REVOLUTION1 W\LD MEAN TO SLAM 9TO FULL ,DON ,QUIXOTISM4 ,NOT ONE S]I\S POLITICS CAN C\NT 9 ! FOLL[+ WEEKS OR MON?S UPON A UNIV]SAL REVOLUTION>Y EXPLOSION ( ! POPUL> MASS4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 ! LONG]1 ! MORE IT BECOMES CLE>1 ?AT = US C\LD BE NECESS>Y 5DUR+ PREP>ATORY WORK ( POLITICAL $UCATION & ORGANIZATION ( ! PROLET>IAT1 = IT TO BE UP TO ! HEI<T ( ! TASK1 :5 A NEW RISE ( ! REVOLUTION WILL RIP5 9 AN 5TIRELY NEW SITUATION4 ,IT IS CLE> FUR!R ?AT A BOYCOTT ( ! ,DUMA UND] SU* CIRCUM/ANCES IS NOT CONNECT$ ) ANY G5]AL TACTICAL L9E1 IS CUT (F 5TIRELY FROM A G5]AL POLICY ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,BOYCOTT 9 !SE CONDITIONS - IS NOT ! FIR/ B>RAGE ( AN APPROA*+ >MY1 BUT A BLANK %OT1 AFT] :I* NO?+ CAN FOLL[ EXCEPT AN E*O4 ,?IS IS ! TYPICAL 'PASSIVE RESI/ANCE' ( BLESS$ MEMORY ( ! ,B]L9 ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY4 ,TAK5 9 ! CONTEMPOR>Y CONCRETE SITUATION ! SLOGAN ( RECALL ( ! ,SOC4-,DEM4 FACTION IS NOT A 'REVOLUTION>Y TACTIC ( ! PROLET>IAT'1 BUT ! WRET*$ TACTIC ( ! CRAV5 B\RGEOISIE1 '! VA9 /RUGGLE ( A CALF AGA9/ ITS SLAU<T]]'4 

,ONE MORE SIDE IS NOTEWOR?Y 9 ! SLOGAN ( A BOYCOTT ( ! ,BLACK-,HUNDR$ ,DUMA4 ,IT IS JU/IFI$ BY ! COMPACT C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y *>ACT] ( ! ,DUMA1 NOT GIV+ SPACE ( AGITATIONAL ACTIVITY ( ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC DEPUTIES4 ,BUT ! *>ACT] & CONT5T ( ! V5]ABLE ASSEMBLY 9 ! ,TAURIDE ,PALACE IS NOT ELIM9AT$ BY ! NAK$ FACT ( ITS REACTION>9ESS4 ,! DECISIVE CIRCUM/ANCE IS ?AT ! ?IRD ,DUMA - IS ALREADY NOT ! ORGAN ( C\NT]-REVOLUTION ( A GOV]NM5TAL GANG1 BUT ! ORGAN ( C\NT]-REVOLUTION ( ! :OLE B\RGEOIS SOCIETY ( ,RUSSIA4 ,9 ?IS LIES ! HI/ORICAL SIGNIFICANCE ( ! PRES5T ,RUSSIAN 'P>LIAM5T' & H5CE EM]GES AT ONCE ! NECESSITY TO BR+ LIKEWISE ALSO 9TO ?IS 'P>LIAM5T' ! CLASS /RUGGLE ( ! PROLET>IAT1 NO MATT] H[ HEAVY & DIFFICULT ! CONDITIONS ( ?IS /RUGGLE W\LD BE4 

  

,I,I,I4 

,! MO/ IMPORTANT1 P]HAPS1 P>TICUL> TACTICAL FAULT1 RESID+ 9 ! SLOGAN ( RECALL ( ! ,DUMA FACTION1 IS ?AT ! G5]AL PSY*OLOGICAL BACKGR\ND1 ON :I* ONLY ?IS SLOGAN ALSO BECAME POSSIBLE4 ,! V]Y ROOT ( ?IS CURR5T 9 ! RANKS ( ! P>TY1 :I* CONSID]S IT NE$FUL TO CAUSE NOISE1 BAPTIZ$ ) ! NAME 'OTZOVISM'1 LIES1 AL?\< ALSO NOT CONSCI\SLY1 9 ! FAI?LESSNESS 9 ! FUTURE & 9 ! OBJECTIVE GU>ANTEE ( ! RESUMPTION & VICTORY ( REVOLUTION4 ,ONLY ?IS IDEOLOGICAL P]PLEXITY C\LD CAUSE ! DEM& = AN >TIFICIAL1 9V5T$1 >DU\S SLOGAN ( 'REVOLUTION>9ESS'1 TO CAUSE A PROP5SITY TO ADV5TURE1 9/EAD ( ) QUIET FIRMNESS USE ?AT UNT\*$ MAT]IAL = TRULY REVOLUTION>Y AGITATION AMONG ! PROLET>IAN MASS1 :I* IS DELIV]$ EV]Y DAY BY ! ,/OLYP9I/ REGIME & AT EV]Y /EP BY ! ALL-,RUSSIAN C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y CLUB1 ! REF]R$ ?IRD ,DUMA4 ,AS MANIFE/ATION ( A DISGRACEFUL DECL9E ( REVOLUTION>Y SPIRIT1 ?IS CURR5T DES]VES ! MO/ DECISIVE REBUFF FROM ! SIDE ( ! :OLE REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY4 

,FOOTNOTES 

#a4 ,L59'S RESPONSE TO ?IS >TICLE3 ,TWO ,LETT]S4 

#b4 ,A ,DECREE ( ,EI*MANN'S4 ,FIR/ PUBLI%$ 9 ! ,NEUE ,RHE9IS*E ,ZEITUNG1 ,NO4 #a#d#g1 #ai ,NOVEMB] #a#h#d#h4 ',] GLEI*T SON/ DEM ,/RAUB5 DES ,KALBES GEG5 SE95 ,S*LA*T]4' 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #e1 #bba 3 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,HANGOV] -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #i1 #bbb 3 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,HANGOV] -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/