,REVOLUTION>Y ,SOLID>ITY 

#aihi 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ALFR$O ,M>IA ,BONANNO 

,AU?OR 3 ,MASSIMO ,PASSAMANI 

,AU?OR 3 ,ALDO ,P]EGO 

,AU?OR 3 ,PI]LEONE ,PORCU 

,TEXT 3 

,9TRODUCTION 

,! CONCEPT ( SOLID>ITY IS NOT ONLY US$ & ABUS$ BY ! V>I\S RE=MI/ SYNDICALI/ & HUMANIT>IAN MOVEM5TS & EV5 P[] ITSELF1 IT IS ALSO SADLY EMPTI$ ( ANY CONT5T BY MANY AN>*I/S4 ,! LEVEL+ IS SU* AS TO REVEAL A SYMBOLIC ATTITUDE WOR?Y ( ! ,*UR* BUT :I* ALL[S US TO PUT \R CONSCI5CE AT RE/4 

,C\NT]-9=MATION & PROPAG&A 9 ! LEAD1 DEMON/RATIONS 7TRUE PROCESSIONS71 !N NO?+1 PROVOKE A FEEL+ ( P[]LESSNESS1 A P]NICI\S FRU/RATION ?AT SEES JU/IFICATION OP5 ! WAY TO RESIGNATION4 

,WE DISCOV] ?AT EV]Y?+ CRUMBLES !RE :]E ! M5TALITY ( ! GR\P & QUANTITY ?\<T IT WAS /RONG4 ,NO?+ *ANGES AS WE 5T] A VICI\S CIRCLE ) M\RNFUL CALLS TO A MIS]ABLE B>T]+ ) ! ,/ATE ONE WANT$ TO FI<T4 

,:5 9DIVIDUALS F9D !MSELVES ALONE AT NI<T1 NO LONG] SUPPORT$ BY 0COLLECTIVE /R5G?01 ! >MS ( ,MORPHEUS TRANS=M ! IMPRISON$ COMRADES ONE WANT$ TO SUPPORT1 TO :OM ONE WANT$ TO EXPRESS ONE'S SOLID>ITY1 9TO A REAL NI<TM>E ) NO ESCAPE4 

,SO6 ,%\LD WE NO LONG] %[ SOLID>ITY TO IMPRISON$ COMRADES GIV5 ?AT IT S]VES NO 5D8 

,NEV]6 ,A MOVEM5T ?AT IS NOT CAPABLE ( LOOK+ AFT] ITS COMRADES 9 PRISON IS DE/9$ TO DIE1 & ?AT AT A HI< PRICE UND] ATROCI\S TORTURE4 

,! REFLECTION MU/ BE MADE 9 O!R T]MS4 ,:AT DOES IT MEAN TO EXPRESS REVOLUTION>Y SOLID>ITY8 ,BASICALLY ! REPLY IS NOT ALL ?AT DIFFICULT4 

,SOLID>ITY LIES 9 ACTION4 ,ACTION ?AT S9KS ITS ROOTS 9 ONE'S [N PROJECT ?AT IS C>RI$ AN COH]5TLY & PR\DLY TOO1 ESPECIALLY 9 TIMES :5 IT MI<T BE DANG]\S EV5 TO EXPRESS ONE'S IDEAS PUBLICLY4 ,A PROJECT ?AT EXPRESSES SOLID>ITY ) JOY 9 ! GAME ( LIFE ?AT ABOVE ALL MAKES US FREE \RSELVES1 DE/ROYS ALI5ATION1 EXPLOITATION1 M5TAL POV]TY1 OP5+ UP 9F9ITE SPACES DEVOT$ TO EXP]IM5TATION & ! CONT9UAL ACTIVITY ( ONE'S M9D 9 A PROJECT AIM$ AT REALIZ+ ITSELF 9 9SURRECTION4 

,A PROJECT :I* IS NOT SPECIFICALLY L9K$ TO ! REPRESSION ?AT HAS /RUCK \R COMRADES BUT :I* CONT9UES TO EVOLVE & MAKE SOCIAL T5SION GR[1 TO ! PO9T ( MAK+ IT EXPLODE SO /RONGLY ?AT ! PRISON WALLS FALL D[N BY !MSELVES4 

,A PROJECT :I* IS A PO9T ( REF]5CE & /IMULUS = ! IMPRISON$ COMRADES1 :O 9 TURN >E PO9T ( REF]5CE = IT4 ,REVOLUTION>Y SOLID>ITY IS ! SECRET ?AT DE/ROYS ALL WALLS1 EXPRESS+ LOVE & RAGE AT ! SAME TIME AS ONE'S [N 9SURRECTION 9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ ,CAPITAL & ! ,/ATE4 

,DANIELA ,C>MIGNANI 

,*APT] #a3 ,! ,VIRTUE ( ,TORM5T 

,PRISON1 A PHYSICAL T]RITORY DI/9CT & SEP>ATE FROM ! RE/ ( SOCIAL LIFE & :AT IT REPRES5TS & DET]M9ES1 SEEMS TO OCCUPY A RES]V$ SPACE 9 \R ?\<TS & M9DS4 

,! LAW IS A CONC5TRATE ( ! WAY SOCIETY HAS *OS5 TO REGULATE ITS CONFLICTS 7BY =CE & ?R\< IMAGE71 :]EAS PRISON SUMS UP :AT DIRECTLY CRU%ES & OPPRESSES US4 ,= US IT IS A QUE/ION ( UND]/&+ H[ & :]E ONE CAN ACT TO PUT AN 5D TO ALL ! FIL? ( SURVIVAL1 9CLUD+ FAC+ ! PROBLEM ( ! DE/RUCTION ( PRISON & ! LAW4 ,& 9 ORD] TO PUT AN 5D TO ! LAW IT IS ALSO ESS5TIAL TO /OP ?9K+ & TALK+ 9 ITS LANGUAGE1 ?AT NORMALLY US$ TO D5\NCE ! 0ABUSES0 ( P[]4 ,BY SO DO+ WE C]TA9LY DON'T WANT TO CONTE/ ! PRISON]'S POSSIBILITY TO DEM& TO BE TREAT$ PROP]LY :5 TORM5T$ BY ! SCREW4 ,BUT BY %UTT+ ONESELF UP 9 P>TICUL> WRONGS 7! SCREW'S ABUSES7 )\T CONSID]+ ! MON/RUOSITY ( ! V]Y EXI/5CE ( PRISON1 ! PRISON] F9DS HIMSELF DRAWN 9TO A P]V]SE ACC\NTANCY3 :AT DOES IT MEAN TO ASK = ! RI<T TO BE TREAT$ PROP]LY8 ,W\LD ANY 9DIVIDUAL :ATSOEV] NOT PREF] NOT TO BE TREAT$ AT ALL8 

,! O!R SIDE ( ! LAW 

,LAW AS ! RI<T ( AN 9DIVIDUAL TO OBTA9 OR DO SU* & SU* A ?+1 OR AS A :OLE 9CLUD+ TEXTS & LEGAL PRACTICES4 ,! LATT] APP>5TLY 9CLUDE & GU>ANTEE ! =M]4 ,SO ! DEMOCRATIC PROC$URE ALWAYS CONSI/S ( PADD+ \T LAW ) ! RI<TS ( MAN1 :]EAS ANY LAW WE MI<T B5EFIT FROM IS ITSELF A DISPOSSESSION1 A SE>* = \RSELVES 9 SOME?+ O!R ?AN \RSELVES4 ,BUT :AT DO LAWS DEF9E8 ,FRE$OM CONCEIV$ ( ONLY 9 NEGATIVE T]MS3 0MY FRE$OM 5DS :]E ANO!R'S BEG9S04 ,A VISION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL AS A T]RITORY LIMIT$ BY O!RS1 A VISION ( SMALL PROPRIETORS1 PRECURSORS ( ! FAM\S 0MY BODY BELONGS TO ME04 ,IT IS NOT BY *ANCE ?AT ! TEMPORAL DIM5SION1 A FUNDAM5TAL HUMAN VALUE1 IS LACK+ 9 !SE CONCEPTS4 

,EV]Y RI<T IS BY NATURE BO? A PR9CIPLE & A PRACTICAL MEANS ( EXCLUSION & PRIVATION4 ,:OEV] SAYS RI<T SAYS EX*ANGE1 BECAUSE ! LAW IS !SE TO ORGANIZE A MEASUR$ REP>TITION ( RI<TS & DUTIES &1 9 ! CASE ( DAMAGE1 IT PRESCRIBES ! AM\NT ( COMP5SATION4 ,A RI<T ALWAYS BELONGS TO A MIS]ABLE PROPRIETOR1 BECAUSE HE NE$S A PROP]TY TITLE = SOME?+ HE IS AFRAID ( LOS+ OR ?AT C\LD BE TAK5 FROM HIM4 ,LAW IS ALWAYS AIM$ AT GOV]N+ A COMMUNITY :I* IS 9CAPABLE ( LIV+ AS SU*1 9 ORD] = IT NOT EXPLODE COMPLETELY4 

,LAW IS ALSO AN IDEOLOGY3 A M5TAL & RATIONAL CON/RUCTION ?AT S]VES TO JU/IFY ! REAL SOCIAL FUNCTION ( JU/ICE4 

,TODAY LAW IS A PRECISE QUANTIFIY+ COD$ 9/RUM5T :I* DET]M9ES & PO9TS \T :AT EA* 9DIVIDUAL1 9CLUD+ EA* CIVIL S]VANT1 MU/ DO4 ,! POLICE >E HELD TO RESPECT V]Y SEV]E REGULATIONS & AT ! ,SAME TIME !Y >E CONT9UALLY HAV+ TO BREAK !M 9 ORD] TO FUNCTION4 ,LEGAL CONTROL ( !IR WORK IS A FAKE3 EV]YONE KN[S ! PIG USES P>TICUL> TE*NIQUES 9 ORD] TO FUNCTION & TO EX]T PRESSURE1 :I* JUDGES NE>LY ALWAYS CLOSE A EYE TO4 ,NO MATT] :E!R IT IS APPLI$ TO ! 9VE/IGATOR OR ! COMMON CITIZ51 ! LAW DOES NOT PREV5T EXCESSES1 IT M]ELY KEEPS !M )9 REASONABLE LIMITS SO AS NOT TO PUT ! SOCIAL ORD] & 9/ITUTIONS AT RISK4 ,9 ! SAME WAY A PRISON S5T5CE S]VES TO CIRCUMSCRIBE ! REV5GE ( ! 9JUR$ P>TY BY KEEP+ IT )9 ! ,LIMITS ?AT HAVE BE5 E/ABLI%$ & APPLI$ BY A ?IRD P>TY 0ABOVE ! P>TY01 AS ALL SOCIETIES DISPOSE ( NORMS TO ALL[ ?OSE 9 P[] TO REGULATE !IR >GUM5TS1 LEGITIMIZE !IR P[] & OBTA9 ! CONS5SUS ( ! EXPLOIT$4 

,! ,BIBLE DOES NOT DEF9E1 IT LI/S1 JU/IFY+ SU* AN OP]ATION ) ! UNKN[ABLE & 9SCRUTABLE DIV9E WILL CONC]N+ :AT ONE %\LD & %\LDN'T DO4 ,! MOD]N ]A ALSO SUPPLIES A DEF9ITION ( MAN ON :I* TO ORGANIZE ITS SOCIAL RULES4 ,! SAME GOES = ! LAW1 ) ! PRETEXT ( E/ABLI%+ :AT IS RI<T & :AT IS WRONG4 ,H5CE ! CLASSIFICATION 9TO GOOD & BAD4 ,9NOC5CE & GUILT >E ATTRIBUTES ( ! LEGAL ME*ANISM AS !Y CONTA9 A JUDGM5T 7:I* ! P]SON CONC]N$ IS HE>TILY 9VIT$ TO 9T]IORIZE74 ,N[1 TO UND]/& & LIVE ! CRUDE/ ACTS 7RAPE1 MURD]1 TORTURE7 DOES NOT MEAN TO JUDGE !M4 ,:OEV] SITS 9 JUDGM5T IS ACTION 9 ! NAME ( SOME?+ ?AT GOES BEYOND ! SOCIAL RELATIONS :I* DET]M9$ !SE SAME ACTS4 

,PRECISELY 9 ! ,SAME WAY AS MORALS DO 9 9T]P]SONAL RELATIONS1 ! LAW APPLIES A PRE-E/ABLI%$ NORM TO A CONFLICT OR VIOL5CE TO SOLEMNIZE ! TRAUMA1 DEF9+ IT 9 ORD] TO EXORCIZE IT4 ,9 ?IS LOGIC IT IS NECESS>Y = !RE TO BE A GUILTY P>TY1 NOT JU/ SOMEONE RESPONSIBLE AS GUILT P5ETRATES ! GUILTY1 BECOM+ !IR :OLE BE+4 ,?IS IS COMPLETE :5 ! LAW CLAIMS TO JUDGE NOT ONLY ACTION BUT ! :OLE P]SON 9 ! LI<T ( !IR ACTION1 RE9=C$ ) AN ANALYSIS ( ! MOTIVATIONS1 PSY*IATRIC REPORTS & P]SONALITY TE/S4 

,! LAW & ,DEMOCRACY 

,! SPH]E ( ,/ATE CONTROL IS EXT5D+ AS RI<TS 9CREASE1 AS IT IS NECESS>Y TO HAVE !M RESPECT$ & TO SANCTION TRANSGRESSIONS4 ,! T5D5CY ( DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY IS TO P5ALIZE EV]Y?+4 ,IT HAS A CLAUSE & A PUNI%M5T = EV]Y =M ( VIOL5CE FROM ! SLAP ( ! P>5T TO RAPE4 ,! EXT5SION ( RI<TS IS SYNONYM\S ) G5]ALIZ$ CRIM9ALIZATION4 ,IT IS CLAIM$ ?AT VIOL5CE HAS BE5 BANI%$ FROM ALL SOCIAL RELATIONS4 ,BUT ?AT RE9=CES ! MONOPOLY ( VIOL5CE ?AT HAS BE5 0LEGITIMIZ$0 BY ! ,/ATE1 :I* IS 9F9ITELY WORSE ?AN ANY O!R K9D4 ,! LAW DOES NOT ELIM9ATE VIOL5CE1 IT NORMALIZES IT4 ,LIKE DEMOCRACY1 IT CON/ITUTES A FILT] TO 9TOL]ANCE & VIOL5CE ALIKE4 

,LIKE DEMOCRACY1 ! LAW FUNCTIONS ON ! BASIS ( REASON )\T HAV+ REC\RSE TO =CE4 ,BUT = ?IS REASON BRUTE =CE IS ALSO NECESS>Y 9 ORD] = IT TO EXPRESS ITSELF1 = ANY DISCUSSION TO TAKE PLACE ON ITS [N T]MS4 ,9 ! ,SAME WAY DEMOCRACY BASES ITSELF ON ! REFUSAL ( ! VIOL5CE IT HAS G5]AT$ & :I* IT NE$S 9 ORD] TO P]PETUATE ITSELF4 

,& SO ?IS FILT] ALSO AFFECTS RADICAL ACTION1 :5 IT 5T]S A C\RT = EXAMPLE1 R5D]+ IT 9CAPABLE ( PROPOS+ ANY?+ O!R ?AT :AT IS ACCEPTABLE TO ! LAW4 ,H[EV]1 ?AT IS NOT A REASON = NOT ACT+1 OR = REGRETT+ HAV+ ACT$1 BUT RA!R = DO+ IT KN[+LY3 NO REVOLUTION>Y 9T]V5TION CAN EXI/ )9 ! AMBIT ( ! LAW4 ,! LEGAL APP>ATUS SEP>ATES ! ACCUS$ FROM ! DISCUSSIONS ?AT CONC]N HIM BY DELEGAT+ HIS P[]1 AS IS CONT9UALLY DONE 9 DEMOCRACY1 TO A FEW ( ITS REPRES5TATIVES3 9 ?IS CASE TO LAWY]S4 

,! WOR/ ?+ IS ?AT1 BECAUSE ! TRIAL IS PUBLIC1 ONE IS CONV9C$ ONE IS CONTROLL+ ! LAW1 :]EAS IT IS REALLY ! LAW ?AT IS CONTROLL+ ! PUBLIC4 ,! ,IMAGE ?AT COMES FROM ! C\RT C>RIES AN ESS5TIAL1 HYPNOTICALLY REPEAT$ MESSAGE3 VIOL5CE IS ! MONOPOLY ( ! ,/ATE4 ,& :5 CONFLICTS BETWE5 P>TIES LEAD TO CONFUSION & UNC]TA9TY IT IS ! ,/ATE ?AT SORTS ?+S \T3 0,I ALSO HAVE A MONOPOLY ( TRU?04 ,! TRILOGY 0POLICE-JU/ICE-M$IA0 MU/ !RE=E BE ANALYZ$ AS A :OLE4 ,EV5 IF ! GAME BETWE5 ! ?REE P>TN]S OV]TURNS IT IS /ILL ABLE TO ABSORB ANY SC&AL4 ,!RE IS A SC&AL :5 IT TRANSPIRES ?AT SOMEONE HAS BROK5 ! RULES3 BUT SU* AN ACCUSATION PRESUPPOSES ONE'S REMA9+ 9SIDE ! GAME4 ,! REAL RUPTURE W\LD BE TO BREAK \T ( IT4 

,NO D5UNCIATION1 NO BL9D+ GL>E ( TRU? CONTA9S ON ITS [N ! /R5G? TO ?REAT5 ! EXI/5CE ( SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS & RELATIONS4 

,! SOCIAL PRISON 

,SO1 :Y TAKE UP ! QUE/ION ( REPRESSION & ! LAW8 ,C]TA9LY NOT JU/ BECAUSE ( ! EXI/5CE ( ! PRIM>Y1 ESS5TIAL1 EXEMPL>Y HORROR ( ! C\RTS & PRISONS4 ,WE HAVE NO NE$ TO SEEK A PEAK ( HORROR 9 ORD] TO PUT ! :OLE ( SOCIETY 9 QUE/ION1 AS ?AT W\LD FAIL TO SUPPLY US ) ELEM5TS = GETT+ TO ! ROOTS ( EXPLOITATION & ALI5ATION4 ,MOREOV]1 A SCALE ( ATROCITIES W\LD BE 9CONCEIVABLE4 ,! PRISON] 9 JAIL1 ! SOLDI] BE+ TRA9$ = FI<T+ 9 ! MUD ( A TR5*1 ! WORK] :O HAS AN ACCID5T AT WORK1 ! PEASANT :O TOILS SIXTE5 H\RS A DAY1 EA* ONE HAS A NUMB] ( GOOD REASONS = F9D+ ! ULTIMATE HORROR 9 !IR [N CONDITION4 

,9 EFFECT A SOLID1 EFFICI5T SOCIETY KN[S H[ TO COV] UP A RELATION%IP ( OPPRESSION ) ! HONEY ( P>TIAL SATISFACTIONS4 ,IS ! HUMANIZATION ( WORK NOT ONE ( ,CAPITAL'S CON/ANT PROGRAMS8 ,& !N1 9 A 0FREE0 & DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY IT IS NOT NECESS>Y TO SIMPLY PRODUCE WEAL?1 IT IS NECESS>Y ABOVE ALL TO 0F9D A JOB04 ,9 PRISON TOO !Y N[ UND]/& ?AT NO ONE %\LD /AY IDLE ANY LONG]3 ! PRISON] WILL BE CONC$$ A JOB 9 ORD] TO 0E>N HIS TIME01 & WILL BE ALL[$ TO MOVE HIMSELF1 0FALL UP HIS TIME04 ,! CONCEPT ( ! 9FLICT$ S5T5CE ALONE IS N[ HI/ORICALLY & CULTURALLY \T ( DATE4 ,SO !SE SAME SUBJECTS :O FAIL$ TO FULFILL & 05NOBLE0 !IR EXI/5CE :5 !Y W]E \TSIDE ! WALLS1 N[ F9D !MSELVES ) AN OCCUPATION ?AT (F]S CONSID]ABLE ADVANTAGES TO !MSELVES & ! ,/ATE4 

,! P5AL 9/ITUTION IS NECESS>Y TO ! CLASS SOCIETY1 NO MATT] H[ MANY OR H[ FEW PRISON]S IT HOLDS4 ,! IDEA ( AN EV5TUAL SUPPRESSION ( IT IS A PURE ILLUSION1 JU/ AS ! IDEA ( AN ECONOMY MANAG$ FROM ! ,BASE IS1 ! EXI/5CE ( FIRMS :]E ! WAGE E>N]S C\LD 0SELF-MANAGE0 !IR [N EXPLOITATION 7A HORROR WOR?Y ( ! MO/ SANGU9>Y DICTATOR%IPS74 ,PRISON HAS AN 9DISP5SABLE SYMBOLIC FUNCTION4 ,! RECLUSION ( ! FEW NOT ONLY RECALLS ! EXI/5CE ( ! NORM ?AT HAS BE5 VIOLAT$1 BUT ALSO FUNCTIONS AS A PO9T ( REF]5CE1 A R\< BORD] ( ! LIMITS NOT TO BE V5TUR$ BEYOND4 

,TODAY'S SOCIETY IS ONE ( MAXIMUM IMPOT5CE & G5]ALIZ$ ASSI/ANCE4 ,! :OLE ( EXI/5CE N[ REQUIRES 9T]M$I>IES1 SO !RE IS A PROLIF]ATION ( PUBLIC S]VICES :OSE FUNCTION IS ASSUR$ ?ANKS TO A NETWORK ( 9DUC$ NE$S4 ,! ,/ATE FILLS ! VOID ( EXI/5CE ) ! 9/RUM5TS ?AT IT USES TO CONTROL AT ! SAME TIME AS IT MA9TA9S /RUCTURES LIKE PRISON AS PLACES ( SOCIAL DUMP+4 ,( C\RSE1 ?IS FUNCTION C\LD BE ASSUR$ 9 O!R WAYS4 ,A SOCIETY ?AT WAS CAPABLE ( RE=M+ ITSELF W\LD DO SO ) L[] CO/S 7SOCIAL & ACC\NT+71 BUT IT W\LD /ILL MA9TA9 ?AT FUNCTION 9 SOME WAY4 

,SUP]FICIAL CRITIQUES ?AT >E 9CAPABLE ( CONCEIV+ ( AN 5D TO ! LAW CONSID] ?AT IT CAN & MU/ BE MA9TA9$1 AT BE/ )\T 9T]V5+1 IMAG9+ A FUTURE SOCIETY )\T VIOL5CE & ATTRIBUT+ ! VIOL5CE ( TODAY TO ! MISDE$S ( ! CLASS SOCIETY4 ,?IS HAS BE5 ! DREAM ( MANY 5LI<T5$ P>TISANS ( ALL ! S*OOLS ( ?\<T DESIR\S ( A 0P]FECT0 WORLD4 

,A SEP>ATE ME*ANISM = ! RESOLUTION ( CONFLICT BY PROJECT+ AN IMAGE & EXCLUD+ ! 9DIVIDUAL1 ! LAW WILL NEV] BE ABOLI%$ EV5 ?\< ITS FUNCTIONS MAY BE 5TRU/$ TO ANO!R 5TITY ?AT IS NOT ABOVE PEOPLE & IS F> MORE MALLEABLE1 REVOCABLE1 SUBMITT$ TO ELECTIONS1 OR CONTROLL$ BY POPUL> ASSEMBLY4 ,A SPONTANE\S =M ( JU/ICE ) FLEXIBLE LAWS OR EV5 )\T ANY TEXT AT ALL W\LD NOT = ?AT CEASE TO BE MA*9]Y DIVID+ GOOD FROM EVIL 9DEP5D5TLY ( & AGA9/ SOCIAL RELATIONS4 ,IT MAKES NO DIFF]5CE TO US :E!R JUDGES BE BUREAUCRATS OR NOT1 ! P5AL ,CODE RIGID OR ADAPTABLE4 ,IT IS ! V]Y NOTION ( LAW ?AT WE WANT TO DE/ROY ,EV5 IF ! LAW *ANGES DAILY ) ! 0EVOLUTION ( CU/OMS0 IT DOES NOT *ANGE ITS FUNCTION4 

,NO MATT] :AT ! OP9ION FOLK SAY1 ! SOCIAL ORD] W9S EV]Y TIME ONE VOTES1 9 ! ,SAME WAY ?AT NO MATT] :AT ! JURY VOTE1 ! V]Y EXI/5CE ( ! LAW IS :AT CON/ITUTES ! VICTORY3 IT DOES NOT NE$ ANY?+ ELSE4 

,JU/ GOOD BOYS & GIRLS8 

,! MOD]N LEGAL APP>ATUS IS EXTREMELY RATIONAL & SCI5TIFIC AS IT O/5TATES ITS SUP]IOR 0IMP>TIALITY0 ?R\< ! APPLICATION ( PROC$URES :I* WEI< UP ! POSSIBILITIES CONC$$ TO ! ACCUS$ & !IR DEF5SE ALMO/ TO ! MILLIGRAM4 ,IT CAN EV5 ALL[ ITSELF TO BE SCRUPUL\S TO ! 9DIVIDUALS :O >E OBLIG$ TO SUBMIT TO IT3 IT CONTROLS !M1 DESPOILS !M COMPLETELY1 HAV+ ACQUIR$ FULL P[]S OV] !IR EXI/5CE4 ,ITS V]Y EXI/5CE IS A VICTORY AS IT CON/RA9S EV]YONE1 9CLUD+ ?OSE LIKE US :O CONTE/ IT1 TO PLAY ACCORD+ TO ITS RULES4 

,ONLY ! 9CORRIGIBLE POLITICAL LEFTY ZEALOT CAN CONSID] A S5T5CE OR AN ACQUITTAL TO BE A VICTORY OR DEFEAT ( JU/ICE4 ,& IT IS NO WOND] ?AT IT IS PRECISELY ?OSE :O REFUSE TO CRITICIZE ! LAW AS SU* :O DO NOT UND]/& OR ACCEPT ! NATURE ( ,DEMOCRACY1 ,FASCISM1 ,ANTIFASCISM1 & SO ON4 ,JU/ AS !Y P>TICIPATE 9 ELECTIONS OR CLAIM IMMIGRANTS' RI<T TO VOTE4 ,!Y CALL = WORK+ CLASS JURIES 9/EAD ( 0B\RGEOIS0 JUDGES4 ,!IR P]SPECTIVE IS NOT AT ALL ?AT ( DE/ROY+ JU/ICE AS SU*1 BUT ( DEMOCRATIZ+ IT LIKE EV]Y?+ ELSE4 ,H[EV]1 ONE SEES !RE1 TRAGICALLY OR COMICALLY1 ! REPRODUCTION ( ! *>ACT]I/ICS ( JU/ICE & ITS PRISON COROLL>Y4 ,?IS (T5 TAKES PLACE AMONG ! EXPLOIT$ !MSELVES1 :I* GIVES AN IDEA ( ! EXT5T ( ! PROBLEM4 

,AT TIMES SOME MI<T FEEL OBLIG$ TO PASS OV] TO ! 5EMY CAMP & >GUE 9 LEGAL T]MS1 BUT ?AT NEV] CON/ITUTES A VICTORY ,& ANYWAY IT IS ALWAYS A TASK ?AT IS BE/ LEFT TO ! LAWY]4 ,= EXAMPLE1 A PUBLIC ACTION CAPABLE ( RAIS+ D\BTS1 WAV+ ! SC>ECR[ ( A CLAMOR\S 0LEGAL0 ]ROR & SOME GOOD WORK BY ! LAWY]S DUR+ ! DEBATE CAN EV5 ,=CE ! JUDICI>Y TO R5\NCE COM+ D[N HEAVILY AN ! ACCUS$1 BUT ?AT DOES NOT ALT] ! FACT ?AT 9 ANY CASE ! LAW HAS ACT$ ACCORD+ TO ITS [N RULES BY OBLIG+ US TO RESPECT !M4 ,MOREOV]1 AN 9/ITUTION ?AT IS CAPABLE ( ADMITT+ ITS MI/AKES IS AN 9/ITUTION ?AT /R5G!NS ITSELF4 

,9 ! SAME WAY A ,C\RT ?AT ACQUITS1 LIKE ONE ?AT CONVICTS1 IS /ILL A ,C\RT4 ,IT W\LD BE H>D TO IMAG9E ANY:]E ?AT ! DIS9H]IT$ HAVE LESS P[] ?AN 9 A C\RT4 ,AN EXCEPTIONAL CASE C\LD >ISE FROM PRESSURE EX]CIS$ ON ! JUDICI>Y BY A SOCIAL MOVEM5T1 = EXAMPLE :5 A CR[D GA!RS DEM&+ AN ACQUITTAL PRECISELY 9 ! SAME WAY AS A POLICE /ATION CAN BE BESIEG$ BY HUNDR$S ( DEMON/RATORS DEM&+ ?AT ?OSE >RE/$ BE FRE$1 BUT ?IS PRESSURE IS EXT]NAL4 ,IT IS ALWAYS ELSE:]E ?AT ! /R5G? ( ! EXPLOIT$ CAN CON/ITUTE ITSELF4 

,ALL ! SAME1 ]ADICAT+ ! CONVICTION ?AT ! ONLY WAY TO OBTA9 B5EVOL5T TREATM5T BY ! LEGAL APP>ATUS IS TO BUSY ONESELF FROM ! 9SIDE TO %[ UP ! SOCIAL 9(F5SIV5ESS ( ?OSE CAU<T UP 9 IT IS (T5 AN >DU\S TASK 

,YES1 & 9 !ORY WE >E ALL CONV9C$ ?AT ! BE/ WAY TO SOLID>ISE ) AN ACT ( REVOLT IS TO COMMIT ANO!R4 ,MANY >E CAPABLE ( APPLAUD+ & PRAIS+ A SUCCESSFUL ACTION1 & !RE IS NO LACK ( COMRADES READY TO PUT ?IS MAXIM 9TO PRACTICE BY REPROPOS+ IT1 !REBY CONTRIBUT+ TO ITS G5]ALIZATION4 ,ANY ACT ( SUBV]SION GOES F> BEYOND ITS ACTUAL \TCOME1 9 GOOD AS 9 EVIL4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 REGUL>LY :5 ?+S 0GO WRONG0 & ! AU?ORS ( ! ACT ( REBELLION >E S+L$ \T OR >RE/$1 IT DOES NOT OCCUR TO ANYONE TO ACT 9 TURN4 ,SOLID>ITY NO LONG] CONCRETIZES 9 \R ACTION BUT 9 ! REACTION TO ! ACTIONS ( O!RS1 9 ?IS CASE1 ?OSE ( ! JUDGES4 

,SO WE PREF] TO WAIT1 LI/5 TO LAWY]S' ADVICE1 ! >RE/$ COMRADES' DECL>ATIONS1 ! COMPLETION ( 9VE/IGATIONS4 ,WE WAIT TO SEE H[ ?+S >E GO+ AS ?\< :AT MATT]$ BE=E WAS \R DESIRES & \R ATTEMPTS TO REALIZE !M1 & N[ IT IS SIMPLY A QUE/ION ( GETT+ \R COMRADES 0\T04 

,NOT 9T5D+ TO ACT 9/RUM5TALLY1 GETT+ COMRADES \T ( PRISON IS UND\BT$LY \R PRIM>Y AIM4 ,ALL ! SAME1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO EVALUATE ! MEANS ONE 9T5DS TO USE & TO BE AW>E ( !IR NATURE & ,LIMITS4 

,9/EAD IT TURNS \T ?AT IT W\LD SEEM MORE BECOM+ TO PUT ! USUAL CRITIQUES ( ! LAW ASIDE4 ,=GET ! BELLICOSE DECL>ATIONS ( W> AGA9/ SOCIETY1 & LIMIT ONESELF TO BE+ JU/1 & CONSEQU5TLY TO HAV+ AN 9NOC5T P]SON ACQUITT$1 FREE+ A SICK COMRADE1 OR CONSID]+ :AT 9 O!R CIRCUM/ANCES WE W\LD ACCEPT AS GE/URES ( REVOLT1 AS NO?+ BUT *ILDI% PRANKS4 ,BUT IS ?AT REALLY :AT WE WANT8 ,TO APPEAL TO ! HUMANIT>IAN S5TIM5TS ( ?OSE WE DESPISE8 

,9 ! FACE ( ! LAW & ! FE> IT >\SES1 IT SEEMS ?AT WE >E 9CAPABLE ( DO+ ANY?+ O!R ?AN RECANT+ \RSELVES & :AT WE SAY WE DESIRE4 

,REBELS & REVOLUTION>IES :5 WE >E FREE1 ONCE WE >E 9 ! H&S ( ! 5EMY WE >E ONLY CAPABLE ( %[+ ! 9NOCU\SNESS ( ! ACTIONS WE C>RI$ \T4 

,P[] PUTS SUBV]SIVES1 AN>*I/S1 9 PRISON BECAUSE AS SU* !Y >E 0SOCIALLY DANG]\S04 ,IS PA9T+ !M AS 9(F5SIVE LAMBS ALL WE CAN DO TO GET !M \T8 

,>E WE CYNICAL8 ,>E WE MAK+ AN APOLOGY = SACRIFICE8 ,NO?+ ( ALL ?AT4 ,WE >E SIMPLY TORM5T$ BY A QUE/ION ?AT IS BEG9N+ TO WORRY US -- >E WE JU/ GOOD BOYS & GIRLS8 

,ALDO ,P]EGO 

,*APT] #b3 ,A FEW NOTES ON ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI 

,( C\RSE WE >E F> FROM ! TIMES & CONDITIONS 9 :I* ! TRAG$Y ( ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI TOOK PLACE4 ,BUT HAVE ! PROBLEMS CONC]N+ ! WAY ! MOVEM5T ( DEMOCRATIC OP9ION ALL OV] ! WORLD REACT$ *ANG$ ALL ?AT MU*8 ,:Y8 ,P]HAPS DUE TO LACK ( CL>ITY & C]TA9 MISUND]/&+S8 ,!SE >E ! QUE/IONS ?AT L$ TO ! NOTES ?AT FOLL[ 

,:Y !SE NOTES8 

,I READ 0,ACTS ON ! /UDY DAY AN ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI0 HELD 9 ,VILLAFALLETTO AN ,SEPTEMB] #d & #e #a#i#h#g1 & ASK$ MYSELF H[ MU* DID ! FACT ?AT !SE TWO COMRADES W]E 9NOC5T C\NT AT ! TIME & /ILL TODAY CONC]N+ ?IS AFFAIR8 ,IF ! TWO COMRADES HAD DECL>$ !MSELVES RESPONSIBLE1 OR HAD JU/ AS 9CONTROV]TIBLY BE5 CONSID]$ RESPONSIBLE = ! ACTIONS ATTRIBUT$ TO !M W\LD !Y /ILL HAVE BE5 DEF5D$ BY ! 9T]NATIONAL AN>*I/ MOVEM5T8 ,:AT W\LD ! REACTION ( ! WORLD MOVEM5T ( OP9ION ?AT TOOK OV] ! :OLE AFFAIR HAVE BE5 9 ?AT CASE8 

,( C\RSE1 HI/ORY ISN'T BUILT ) 0IFS01 ,I KN[ ?AT P]FECTLY WELL4 ,& IT IS NOT MY 9T5TION TO MAKE A CONTRIBUTION TO ! 0HI/ORY0 ( ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI4 ,I HAVE A /RONG SUSPICION ( ALL MORE OR LESS PR(ESSIONAL HI/ORIANS1 HAVE MORE ?AN A LITTLE SUSPICION ( HI/ORY ITSELF1 & OBVI\SLY SUSPECT ALL POLITICIANS OLD & NEW & !IR GOOD FAI? 9 TAK+ UP HI/ORICAL 0CASES04 

,ON ! O!R H&1 ,I HAVE NO D\BT AB\T ! FACT ?AT ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI W]E QUITE EXTRANE\S TO ! SPECIFIC ACTS !Y W]E ACCUS$ (4 ,BUT ?IS C]TA9TY IS P]SONAL & QUITE =EIGN TO FACTS ?AT CAN BE ASC]TA9$ OR OBSCUR$ 9 ! EV5T ( A TRIAL & DOES NOT PREV5T ME FROM ASK+ MYSELF1 & #a HOPE ! FEW COMRADES :O READ ME1 A FEW DI/URB+ QUE/IONS4 

,TO DIE 9NOC5T MEANS MORE RAGE 

,( C\RSE1 IT MU/ BE T]RIBLE TO DIE 9NOC5T1 & ?AT IS BECAUSE ! MORAL VALUE ( JU/ICE IS ROOT$ 9 ,BEA* ONE ( US4 ,NOT ! SACROSANCT JU/ICE ( PROLET>IAN REBELLION ?AT UPTURNS EV]Y?+ & SETTLES ACC\NTS 9 A COLLECTIVE ?RU/ ( DE/RUCTION BUT ! TE*NICAL1 JUDICIAL1 TRADITIONAL ONE4 ,! OLD JU/ICE ) ! BL9DFOLD EYES WE UNMASK TO DISCOV] ) HORROR >E ALL ROTT54 ,BUT AL?\< WE HAVE READ AB\T & >E AW>E ( ALL ?IS1 WE >E /ILL CONV9C$ ?AT JU/ICE %\LD WORK6 ,*RI/6 ,H[ CAN Y\ S5D TWO 9NOC5T M5 TO DEA?6 ,! HOLY 9DIGNATION ( SO MANY AN>*I/ COMRADES GOES H& 9 H& ) ! LAY 9DIGNATION ( ! COMMUNI/S1 DEMOCRATS & POSSIBILI/S ( EV]Y %ADE4 ,! GLORI\S CRUSADE ( ! LEFT REASSEMBLES UNEQUIVOCABLY EA* TIME ! NAMES ( ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI >E M5TION$4 ,& :AT L9KS !M IS PRECISELY ! G5]AL & OBJECTIVELY JU/IFIABLE QUE/ION ( 9NOC5CE4 ,BUT ! RAGE ?AT IS AT ! ROOT ( ?IS1 ! RAGE = TWO COMRADES MURD]$ BY ! ,/ATE1 CANNOT LET US %UT \R EYES TO O!R PROBLEMS4 

,! 9OPPORTUNE PRES5CE 

,IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT ! FLUX ( DEMOCRATIC P]SONALITIES1 ! >TI/IC & LIT]>Y ONES EV5 MORE ?AN ! JUDICIAL OR ACADEMIC ONES1 GREATLY CONTRIBUT$ TO SPREAD+ ! ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI 0CASE04 ,?IS L$ TO VA/ PROPAG&A AT WORLD LEVEL1 BUT ALSO TO L[]+ ! LEVEL ( ! CLA% ?AT WAS UND\BT$LY TAK+ PLACE 9 ,AM]ICA1 & MORE SPECIFICALLY 9 ,C\RT1 AT ! TIME4 ,TOO MU* TALK1 TOO MANY !ATRICALS1 TOO MANY DEMOCRATIC J\RNALI/S1 TOO MANY POLITICIANS4 ,& ?IS1 LIKE A CONT9U\S1 P]V]SE ?READ /ILL IS GO+ ON TODAY ) ATTEMPTS TO RECUP]ATE BY ! CONT5D] TO ! ,:ITE ,H\SE1 ,DUKAKIS4 

,BUT H[ DO Y\ DECIDE O!RWISE8 ,TAKE ! CASE ( PIAZZA ,FONTANA .<#a#i#f#g -- A BOMB 9 ! ,BANCA ,D'AGRICOLTURA4 ,MILAN1 KILLS #ag PEOPLE4 AN>*I/S >E ACCUS$ ( ?IS ,/ATE MASSACRE :I* WAS D5\NC$ BY ! :OLE ( ! LEFT.> -- C\LD Y\ HAVE TOLD ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY TO GET LO/ & DROP !IR SUPPORT8 ,IF AN>*I/S DO EV]Y?+ TO SPREAD !IR PROPAG&A 9 ORD] TO 9VOLVE PEOPLE & HAVE !MSELVES HE>D BY ! WIDE/ NUMB] POSSIBLE1 H[ CAN !Y REFUSE ! COLLABORATION ( ! POLITICAL & 9TELLECTUAL =CES EV5 ?\< !Y KN[ P]FECTLY WELL :]E !Y LEAD4 ,?IS IS NOT AN EASY PROBLEM TO ANSW]4 ,AT ! TIME ( ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI1 C\LD !Y HAVE REFUS$ ! SUPPORT ( PEOPLE LIKE ,S9CLAIR ,LEWIS1 ,EUG5E ,O',NEILL1 ,WALT] ,LIPPMAN1 ,JOHN ,DOS ,PASSOS1 NOT TO M5TION ! V>I\S ,ROMAN ,ROLL&S1 ,?OMAS ,MANNS1 ,ALB]T ,E9/E9S ETC41 ALL OV] ! WORLD :O SUPPORT$ ! AN>*I/S' 9NOC5CE8 ,YES1 IT W\LD HAVE BE5 DIFFICULT4 

,BUT ,I DON'T WANT TO BR+ UP ! QUITE LEGITIMATE PO9T ( VIEW ?AT ! COMRADES %\LD ONLY HAVE BE5 DEF5D$ )9 ! 9T]NATIONAL AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 ) PROPAG&A LIMIT$ TO ! LATT]'S MOTIVATIONS ACCEPT+ ONLY ! \TSIDE =CES :O W]E WILL+ TO KEEP ! QUE/ION )9 !SE LIMITS4 ,I JU/ WANT TO SAY ?AT ! K9D ( COLLABORATION IMPOS$ BY ! LAWY] ,MOORE NECESS>ILY HAD TO HAVE ! /AMP ( APPROVAL ( BO? ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE & ! TWO COMRADES 9 PRISON4 ,IT WASN'T =ESE5 H[ MU* ! 9NOC5CE ( ! TWO COMRADES W\LD BE UND]L9$ & H[ NEGLECT$ !IR GUILT ON PR9CIPLE DUE TO !IR MILITANCY1 !IR BELONG+ TO A SPECIFIC P>T ( ! ,AM]ICAN & 9T]NATIONAL AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 W\LD BE CA/ 9TO ! ,BACKGR\ND4 ,?AT WAS ! PRICE ( ?AT COLLABORATION4 ,AFT] ALL1 ONE C\LD PLAY ON ! D\BT1 & ?IS /ILL HAPP5S TODAY1 ?AT IT WAS A QUE/ION ( TWO IMMIGRANTS1 TWO HONE/ WORK]S1 & UND]L9E ! NATIONALI/ & CLASS ELEM5T :I* C]TA9LY PRODUC$ RESULTS AT ! TIME BUT DID NOT PUT ANY LI<T ON ! AN>*I/ & REVOLUTION>Y P]SONALITIES ( ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI4 

,WAS ! PRES5CE ( ! =CES ( ! 9T]NATIONAL 0LEFT0 USEFUL TO ! AIM ( SAV+ !IR LIVES8 ,ONE MU/ CONCLUDE ?AT !Y W]E NOT1 GIV5 ?AT ! TWO COMRADES W]E ASSASS9AT$ ALL ! SAME4 ,! FACT ?AT IT R$UC$ ANY POSSIBILITY ( !IR AN>*I/ ACTIVITY EM]G+ IS ALSO NEGATIVE4 

,:AT W\LD HAVE HAPP5$ IF ?AT PRES5CE HAD BE5 REFUS$8 ,! TWO COMRADES W\LD HAVE BE5 DEF5D$ 9 ! SAME WAY AS ! O!RS :O 5D$ UP ON ! SCAFFOLD1 SOME 9NOC5T1 SOME GUILTY1 W]E BY ,GALLEANI'S PAP]4 ,& H]E WE COME TO ! QUE/ION3 BUT DOES ?IS DIFF]5TIATION BETWE5 0GUILTY0 & 09NOC5T0 MAKE ANY S5SE8 

,FRANKLY1 ,I DON'T KN[4 ,I R]EAD ! 0,ACTS0 WE >E TALK+ AB\T H]E1 & SAW ?AT BO? ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI CONTRIBUT$ TO 0,CRONACA ,SOVV]SIVA0 ,SO !Y MU/ HAVE BE5 AW>E ( ,GALLEANI'S POSITION ON ?IS FALSE PROBLEM4 ,! FACT ?AT !Y W]E 09NOC5T0 C\LD NOT MAKE !M GO BACK TO A TOTAL ACCEPTATION ( ! 9NOC5TI/ ROAD1 AT LEA/ 9 ! T]MS DEVELOP$ 9 ! TRIAL4 ,I AGREE ) ,P$RETTI !RE=E :5 HE WRITES 0,B>TOLOMEO ,VANZETTI WAS NOT AN ACRITICAL ONE-DIM5SIONAL P]SON1 HE D5\NC$ ! ME*ANISM ?AT L$ TO H]OIZ+ HIS DEFEAT TO ! BITT] 5D3 HE WAS ESS5TIALLY A COMMUNI/ AN>*I/1 PR(\NDLY CONV9C$ & EXTREMELY PR\D ( HIS POLITICAL & EXI/5TIAL *OICES444 9 FACT HE NEV] CONCEAL$ HIS HATR$ ( ! 9JU/ICE HE WAS A VICTIM ( & HIS DESIRE TO BE AV5G$04 7P4 #a#c7 ,9 A S5SE1 ONCE ! DECISION HAD BE5 MADE IT WAS NECESS>Y TO GO AN TO ! BITT] 5D1 RI<T TO ! PO9T ( MAK+ ! FACT 7IMPOS$ BY ! 0FRI<T5$ PROGRESSIVES0 :O MADE UP ! GREAT MASS ( ! SUPPORT]S ( ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI7 ?AT !Y W]E AN>*I/S APPE> BETWE5 ! L9ES4 

0,9NOC5T0 OR 0GUILTY0 

,! FACT ?AT ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI W]E MURD]$ AL?\< OBVI\SLY 9NOC5T PROVES ONE ?+ ONLY3 ?AT ! CONCEPT ( 9NOC5CE & GUILT IS NOT AN OBJECTIVE FACT BUT IS A MEASURE IMPOS$ BY ! CLASS /RUGGLE4 ,! LEGAL TE*NIQUES & POLICE PROC$URES :I* E/ABLI% :E!R A P]SON IS GUILTY OR 9NOC5T >E P>T ( ! CULTURE ( P[]4 

,= AN AN>*I/ REVOLUTION>Y ! PROC$URES ?AT COME TO BE PU%$ AS LOGICAL 0EVID5CE0 >E WOR? ABSOLUTELY NO?+4 ,IT IS TO ONE'S REVOLUTION>Y CONSCI5CE ?AT ONE MU/ RESPOND1 NOT ! EVID5CE ( A SITUATION OR*E/RAT$ BY AN 5EMY :O MAKES & BREAKS ! RULES ( ! GAME AT ITS PLEASURE4 ,= A 0DEMOCRAT0 ON ! CONTR>Y !RE IS A NET DIFF]5CE BETWE5 BE+ GUILTY & BE+ 9NOC5T4 ,GUILTY IS HE :O HAS BROK5 ! LAW 9 A PRECISE WAY1 9 ! CONTEXT NOTIFI$ TO HIM & = :I* LEGAL PROCE$+S >E COMM5C$4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 ! 9NOC5T >E ?OSE :O DID NOT DO :AT = V>I\S REASONS !Y HAVE BE5 ACCUS$ ( ,! GREAT MASS ( ?OSE :O /ILL CR+E 9 HORROR :5 !Y ?9K ( ! 5D ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI CAME TO1 DO SO BECAUSE !SE TWO COMRADES ( \RS W]E 9NOC5T1 I4E4 DID NOT C>RY \T ! ROBB]Y OR KILL ! PEOPLE !Y W]E ACCUS$ ( & :I* !Y DI$ = AN ! ELECTRIC *AIR4 ,A SMALL M9ORITY1 & AMONG !M !RE MU/ HAVE BE5 AN>*I/S1 CR+E 9 HORROR NOT ONLY BECAUSE ( ! IGNOM9\S 9CR$IBLE ATROCI\S ME?OD 9 :I* ! PROSECUTION SUCCE$$ 9 MA9TA9+ !IR RESPONSIBILITY CONC]N+ ! SPECIFIC EV5TS1 BUT BECAUSE ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI W]E MURD]$ BY ! ,/ATE4 ,W\LD ! HORROR WE >E TALK+ AB\T HAVE EXI/$1 AP>T FROM 9 ?IS SMALL M9ORITY :I* = ONE REASON OR ANO!R DID NOT TAKE ANY NOTICE ( ! OBJECTIVE FACT ( !IR 9NOC5CE1 IF ! TWO AN>*I/S HAD HAD A MORE DIGNIFI$ TRIAL 7FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( E/ABLI%+ PRO(7 & IT HAD TURN$ \T ?AT !Y HAD COMMITT$ ! ROBB]Y8 ,WE >E SURE ?+S W\LD HAVE BE5 QUITE DIFF]5T4 

,! GREAT MASS ( ?OSE :O >E RESPECTABLE BY PR(ESSION W\LD ALL HAVE BE5 9 FAVOR ( A S5T5CE1 & WE UND]/& ?IS4 ,ON ! O!R H& A SMALL M9ORITY 9CLUD+ AN>*I/S W\LD1 LIKE ,GALLEANI1 HAVE /AT$ ?AT !RE IS NO DIFF]5CE BETWE5 9NOC5CE & GUILT4 

,HAD ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI REALLY BE5 RESPONSIBLE = !SE DE$S !RE W\LD ONLY HAVE BE5 A MODE/ %[ ( DEF5SE AT ! LEVEL ( OP9ION BY COMRADES1 SU* AS ?AT :I* EXI/$ SOME TIME BE=E ! TRAG$Y ( ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI1 = ,RAVA*OL = EXAMPLE4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 COMRADES :O PUT !MSELVES 9 ! OPTIC ( EXPROPRIATION CANNOT BELIEVE !Y HAVE A MOVEM5T BEH9D !M1 NO MATT] :AT ITS OBJECTIVE CONDITIONS >E & ! LEVEL ( !ORETICAL AW>5ESS )9 IT4 

,:Y CAN WE NOT EXPECT SU* A ?+8 ,= AT LEA/ TWO GOOD REASONS3 ,FIR/1 BECAUSE ! DECISION TO C>RY \T P>TICUL> ACTIONS1 9CLUD+ ?OSE AIM$ AT P>TICIPAT+ ?R\< A PRECISE EF=T 9 9CREAS+ ! AVAILABLITY ( C]TA9 REVOLUTION>Y 9/RUM5TS1 IS ALWAYS A P]SONAL DECISION & MU/ BE BORNE1 9 GOOD AS 9 EVIL1 BY ! 9DIVIDUAL COMRADES & !IR MATUR$ AW>5ESS4 ,SECONDLY1 BECAUSE A MOVEM5T1 EV5 A REVOLUTION>Y ONE1 NE$S TO DEVELOP1 HAS DIV]G5CES ( OP9ION1 C]TA9 LEGITIMATE RES]VATIONS ?AT CANNOT ALL BE CA/ ASIDE 9 ONE GO4 

,PUT ?IS WAY1 CORRECTLY AS F> AS ,I CAN SEE1 !RE IS NO?+ /RANGE AB\T TAK+ A DI/ANCE 9 SU* CASES1 ?US CLE>LY %[+ ONE'S EXTRANE\SNESS TO ! QUE/ION4 ,:YEV] %\LD ONE LET ONESELF BECOME 9VOLV$ A PO/]IORI 9 SOME?+ ONE DOES NOT AGREE )8 ,! ONLY CRITICIZABLE POSITION IS ! MORALI/ ONE1 :I* NECESS>ILY 5DS UP 9 ! REALM ( ! MORALS ( P[] PRODUC$ & IMPOS$ BY ! BOSSES4 

,?IS BRIEF REFLECTION %\LD HELP US TO SEE V>I\S SITUATIONS MORE CLE>LY1 9 ! FIR/ PLACE ?AT ( ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI4 ,IF BE+ 9NOC5T IS NO MORE ?AN AN EXT]NAL FACTOR ?AT MI<T OR MI<T NOT EXI/ -- & 9 ! CASE ( ! TWO COMRADES MURD]$ 9 ,AM]ICA1 ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI1 !Y W]E 9NOC5T -- COMRADES %\LD BE DEF5D$ EV]Y:]E1 EV5 IF !Y >E 0GUILTY04 ,N[1 IF ?IS SO1 WE CANNOT CON/ITUTE WIDE FRONTS :5 COMRADES >E 9NOC5T1 !N LIMIT \RSELVES TO A SMALL P>T ( ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T :5 COMRADES >E 0GUILTY04 ,! ?+ %\LD BE APPROA*$ 9 ! SAME WAY1 AT LEA/ !ORETICALLY1 IF WE ADMIT 9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 AS %\LD BE OBVI\S1 ?AT !RE CANNOT BE 09NOC5T0 OR 0GUILTY0 EXCEPT 9 ! LOGIC ( P[]4 

,H[ CAN WE GET \T ( ?IS DILEMMA8 ,QUITE SIMPLY4 ,BY ALWAYS />T+ FROM ! FACT ?AT = US ! TE*NICAL ASPECT IS SECOND>Y1 & IF COMRADES >E ACCUS$1 IMPRISON$ & 9 SOME CASES EV5 KILL$ ?IS HAPP5S1 AP>T FROM ! OBJECTIVE EV5T ?AT CON/ITUTES ! ELEM5T ( DEBATE 9 C\RT & :I* IS ( M>G9AL 9T]E/ TO US1 BECAUSE !Y >E AN>*I/S4 ,WE CANNOT MAKE TE*NICAL PO9TS BECOME ! C5TRAL ELEM5TS ( ! DEF5SE CAMPAIGN4 

,MANY COMRADES1 EV5 ?OSE 9 GOOD FAI?1 ?9K DIFF]5TLY BECAUSE !Y >E PREY TO ! BANALITIES ( DOM9ANT IDEAS4 ,! CLAIM TO OBJECTIVITY IS ONE ( ! CORN]/ONES ( ! PHILOSOPHY ( ! CONQU]ORS4 

,IT IS IMPORTANT TO UND]/& ?IS BECAUSE IT ALWAYS TAKES US BY SURPRISE1 REAPPE>+ :]E WE LEA/ EXPECT$ IT4 ,?AT REALITY IS SOME?+ ?AT CAN BE DET]M9$ 9 A PRECISE WAY IS ONE ( ! MANY MY?S AT ! BASIS ( ! NEW SCI5TIFIC ?\<T1 JU/ AS :5 IT EM]G$ FROM ! COMPLEX CONDITIONS ( ! ,R5AISSANCE1 LET'S SAY1 9 ! IDEAS ( ,GALILEI3 RATIONALISM R$UC$ TO DESCRIPTION1 NO LONG] AS ESS5CE4 

,& CONTEMPOR>Y LAW IS A WOR?Y HEIR ( 5LI<T5M5T RATIONALISM1 NOT HAV+ *ANG$ ! C]TA9TIES CONC]N+ ! 0WAY0 9 :I* ?+S W5T MU*4 ,ONE /ILL ASSI/S TODAY 9 COMICAL 0RECON/RUCTIONS0 & O!R SU* ?+S 9 C\RT4 ,WE HAVE BECOME SO US$ TO ?IS WAY ( ?9K+ ?AT WE DO NOT EV5 NOTICE IT4 

,:5 WE SAY ?AT ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI W]E NOT 9NOC5T BUT AN ! CONTR>Y W]E GUILTY1 BUT ONLY ( BE+ AN>*I/S1 WE 9S]T 9 ! TRIAL ?AT CLAIMS TO BE OBJECTIVE 7!RE=E ( A QUANTITATIVE NATURE71 AN ELEM5T ?AT IS EXTRANE\S TO ! TRIAL ITSELF 7OR AT LEA/1 CONSID]$ SO BY JUDICIAL SCI5CE71 AN ELEM5T ( A QUALITATIVE NATURE4 

,& YET ?IS IS NOT SO4 ,REALITY IS PRECISELY ?IS COMPLEX ?+ ?AT CANNOT BE R$UC$ TO ! RESULT ( A LEGAL PROC$URE4 ,! LATT] WILL ALWAYS BE >BITR>Y & F\ND$ NOT AN EVID5CE BUT AN /R5G?1 NOT AN LOGIC BUT ON P[]4 

,A DIFFICULT WAY ( REASON+8 ,P]HAPS1 YES1 BUT IF Y\ DO IT ONCE Y\ NEV] =GET IT4 

,ALFR$O ,M4 ,BONANNO 

,*APT] #c3 ,AID OR ,SOLID>ITY8 

,A FEW NOTES SURVIV$ FROM AN ANTIMILIT>I/ MEET+ 9 ,BOLOGNA 

,:AT FOLL[S IS NO MORE ?AN A FEW PO9TS ?AT ALL ! AN>*I/S PRES5T AGRE$ UPON AT ! 5D ( ! TWO DAYS4 ,EA* ONE ( !M1 AL?\< /RONGLY L9K$ TO ! O!RS1 DES]VES TO BE EXAM9$ 9DIVIDUALLY BECAUSE ( ! PR(\ND !ORETICAL & ME?ODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IT RAISES4 ,! CIRCULATION ( ?IS TEXT %\LD !RE=E S]VE TO /IMULATE FUR!R MOM5TS CAPABLE ( BR++ =? NEW IDEAS &1 ABOVE ALL1 NEW 9/RUM5TS = PRACTICAL 9T]V5TION4 

,! PRES5T WRIT] IS CONV9C$ ?AT ! F\L W> UNLEA%$ BY ! /ATI/ C\NT]-POSITION 9 EX-,YUGOSLAVIA IS1 9 ITS COMPLEXITY1 A GREAT ACID TE/ = AN>*ISM 9 ?AT IT 9VOLVES MANY ( ITS !ORETICAL ASSUMPTIONS1 HI/ORICAL EXP]I5CES & PRACTICAL PROPOSALS 7! PROBLEM ( ! NATIONAL LIB]ATION /RUGGLE TO GIVE BUT ONE EXAMPLE74 ,P]HAPS ! MO/ IMPORTANT PO9T ( ! DISCUSSION WAS ! CONSID]ATION ?AT IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO MAKE A DI/9CTION BETWE5 ! /ATE ( W> 9 EX-,YUGOSLAVIA &1 MORE G5]ALLY1 ! CONTEXT ( >M$ PEACE IT IS TAK+ PLACE 94 ,! IMPORTANCE ( ?IS LIES 9 ! FACT ?AT PROPOSALS = CONCRETE 9T]V5TION CANNOT FAIL TO CON=M TO ?IS K9D ( ANALYSIS ( ! SITUATION 9 ! ,BALKAN >EA4 ,IF ONE W]E TO CONSID] ! W> AS A ?+ 9 ITSELF ! ACTIONS PROPOS$ TO CONTRA/ IT W\LD T5D TO REE/ABLI% CONDITIONS ( NORMALITY1 !RE=E FAVOR -- EV5 9DIRECTLY -- ! =CES :O WANT TO RE/ORE ,PEACE4 ,:]EAS IF ! BELLICOSE EV5T IS 9S]T$ 9TO ! REALITY ( DOM9ION :]E 7& ONLY :]E7 IT BELONGS1 IT BECOMES POSSIBLE TO ID5TIFY A MU* WID] FIELD ( PRACTICAL 9T]V5TION & S+LE \T OBJECTIVES L9K$ TO F> WID] RESPONSIBILITIES4 ,! QUE/ION IS F> LESS BANAL ?AT IT MI<T SEEM4 ,TO SAY W> IS ALSO ?AT :I* ,/ATES & ECONOMIC /RUCTURES PUT 9TO ACT DAILY ALL OV] ! WORLD ?R\< OPPRESSION & EXPLOITATION DOES NOT D5Y ?AT !RE IS A DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ! SITUATION 9 ,ITALY = EXAMPLE & ?AT 9 EX-,YUGOSLAVIA 79 FACT1 DOM9ION -- )9 :I* H[EV] DIVISIONS CANNOT BE TRAC$ -- DET]M9ES ! COHABITATION ( ! MO/ REF9$ 9/RUM5TS ( TE*NOLOGICAL CONTROL ) ! MO/ CRUEL B>B>ITY74 ,JU/ AS IT DOES NOT MEAN ONE CONSID]S 7AS IT SEEMS SOME DO7 ?AT A =MATION ( OPPOS+ E?NIC GR\PS C\LD MAT]IALIZE 9 ,ITALY4 ,:AT WE WANT TO BR+ TO LI<T >E ! RESPONSIBILITIES ( EXT]NAL GOV]NM5TS & 9T]NATIONAL POLITICAL & MILIT>Y ORGANISMS4 

,:AT IS HAPP5+ 9 EX-,YUGOSLAVIA CANNOT !RE=E 7& H]E WE COME TO ! SECOND PO9T7 BE C>RI$ \T 9 A LOGIC ( AID4 ,TO LIMIT PROPOSALS TO ! CREATION ( /RUCTURES = RECEIV+ REFUGEES & DES]T]S MEANS TO ACCEPT ! LOGIC ( EM]G5CY :I* IS NO MORE ?AN ONE ( ! MANY ME*ANISMS :I* ! W>1 :5 IT IS CONSID]$ AS A SEP>ATE EV5T1 PRODUCES4 ,SOMEONE HAS PO9T$ \T H[ AID IS1 OV] & ABOVE ! GOOD 9T5TIONS1 A SPECTACUL> EXPRESSION ( /ATISM4 ,IS IT BY *ANCE ?AT ! ASSOCIATIONS :I* C>RY IT \T >E (T5 DIRECTLY RELAT$ TO ! >M$ =CES & ?AT !Y T5D TO ABSOLVE EXT]NAL RESPONSIBILITIES 7SU* AS = EXAMPLE ?OSE ( ! ,U,N78 ,IS IT POSSIBLE !N = AID TO CONTRADICT ITS V]Y NATURE IF IT IS ORGANIZ$ BY AN>*I/S8 ,OR W\LD IT CONT9UE TO FAVOR1 9/EAD ( DAMAG+1 ! /RUCTURES ?AT HAVE EV]Y 9T]E/ 9 FOM5T+ ! W>8 ,! IDEA ( CREAT+ AN AID NETWORK BY GETT+ 9 T\* ) LOCAL C\NCILS TO RIG UP >EAS ( WELCOME = DES]T]S PUT =W>D BY SOME ( ?OSE PRES5T IS EV5 FUR!R REMOV$ FROM AUTONOMY FROM & CONFLICTUALITY AGA9/ P[]4 ,IT IS OBVI\S !N1 IT WAS PO9T$ \T1 H[ ! IDEOLOGY ( EM]G5CY LEADS TO ALLY+ ONESELF ) ! 9T]NAL P[] /RUCTURE 7EV5 9 ! =M ( LOCAL ADM9I/RATION7 9 ORD] TO 0RESOLVE0 AN EXT]NAL SITUATION ?AT HAS 9 P>T BE5 CREAT$ BY ! LATT] -- OR AT LEA/ 9 COLLABORATION ) IT4 

,9/EAD ( 0AID0 7?IRD PO9T7 0COMPLICITY0 WAS SPOK5 (1 BY ?AT MEAN+ ! WILL TO DEVELOP1 ?R\< COLLABORATION ) GR\PS & 9DIVIDUALS 9 EX-,YUGOSLAVIA 7& O!R C\NTRIES7 ACTIVE AGA9/ ! W>1 MOM5TS ( ACTION ?AT >E REALLY ANTI MILIT>I/4 ,9 ?IS S5SE ! PRACTICE ( DIRECT ACTION AGA9/ ! MILIT>Y /RUCTURES 7& NOT ONLY MILIT>Y ONES7 ?AT EXI/ 9 \R [N C\NTRY WAS PROPOS$4 

,9 ORD] TO CREATE !SE RELATIONS ( COMPLICITY ! CIRCULATION ( IDEAS & 9=MATION IS ESS5TIAL 7= EXAMPLE ?R\< MEET+S SU* AS ?AT HELD 9 ,PORD5ONE & O!R MORE 9=MAL ONES7 & ! SPREAD+ ( ?IS MAT]IAL 7= :I* ! PUBLICATION ( A 0BULLET90 WAS SUGGE/$74 ,9 SU* A CONTEXT1 ! PROPOSAL 7/ILL TO BE V]IFI$7 TO CONCRETELY SUPPORT ! ACTIONS ( DES]T]S ?R\< A NETWORK BETWE5 LIB]T>IAN 9DIVIDUALS & GR\PS ACTIVE 9 ,ITALY & O!R C\NTRIES TAKES ON A DIFF]5T P]SPECTIVE4 7F\R? PO9T7 

,A !ORETICAL & ME?ODOLOGICAL APPROA* ( ?IS K9D C\LD1 ,I BELIEVE1 SUPPLY USEFUL 9/RUM5TS = REFLECTION & PRACTICE CONC]N+ A SITUATION SU* AS ?AT ( ! ,BALKAN P59SULA1 :I* !RE HAS BE5 A TIME-LAPSE 9 UND]/&+ AN ! P>T ( AN>*I/S4 ,9 FACT 7& H]E WE >E FAC+ ! LA/ QUE/ION UND] DISCUSSION71 ! COMPLEX TASK ( S+L+ \T RESPONSIBILITIES HAS NOT L$ TO A 0PEACE0 MOVEM5T SU* AS ! ONE ?AT WAS CREAT$1 = EXAMPLE1 DUR+ ! ,GULF W>4 

,= ANYONE :O HAS REFUS$ TO TAKE SIDES ) ANY ONE ( ! E?NOCRACIES 9VOLV$ 9 ! CONFLICT 7& ?IS IS OBVI\SLY NOT ! CASE ( ! AU?ORIT>IAN GR\PS 0AGA9/0 ! W>7 A WID5+ ( ! OBJECTIVES AGA9/ :I* TO ADDRESS !IR ACTIONS CANNOT FAIL TO BE AN IMPORTANT /EP =W>D4 

,MASSIMO ,PASSAMANI 

,*APT] ,I,V3 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SOLID>ITY 

,!RE >E MANY WAYS TO DEMON/RATE SOLID>ITY TO COMRADES :O >E BE+ CRIM9ALIZ$ BY ! ,/ATE1 EA* ONE ( :I* IS A DIRECT EXPRESSION ( ! WAY ONE 9T]V5ES 9 ! SOCIAL CLA% 9 G5]AL4 

,!RE >E ?OSE :O SEE SOLID>ITY AS L5D+ A SOCIAL S]VICE TO ?IS OR ?AT >RE/$ COMRADE1 & ?AT IS ! WAY !Y C>RY \T !IR ACTIVITY3 LOOK+ = LAWY]S1 S5D+ MONEY & CLO!S TO PRISON1 VISIT+ & SO ON4 ,?IS PURELY HUMANIT>IAN SOLID>ITY ALSO TRANSLATES ITSELF 9TO ! CON/ITUTION ( DEF5SE COMMITTEES & RELATIVE CAMPAIGNS AIM$ AT 9FLU5C+ PUBLIC OP9ION4 

,!N !RE >E ?OSE :O SEE SOLID>ITY 9 A /RICTLY POLITICAL KEY & PLAY AT MAK+ A HEAP ( 0DI/9CTIONS0 AIM$ AT NOT COMPROMIS+ ! IMAGE ( !IR [N ACTIVITY4 ,SO = REASONS ( OPPORTUNITY !Y DEF5D & %[ SOLID>ITY TO ?OSE :O DECL>E !MSELVES 9NOC5T1 NOT TO ?OSE :O ,CLAIM RESPONSIBILITY = !IR ACTIONS4 

,O!RS /ILL1 IF !Y SEE !RE IS SOME?+ TO BE GA9$ 9 T]MS ( POLITICAL PROPAG&A1 IMM$IATELY BR+ \T FLI]S & LEAFLETS 9 =MAL SOLID>ITY ) ! COMRADE OR COMRADES >RE/$1 I4E4 !Y DECL>E SOLID>ITY 9 WORDS1 :ILE 9 PRACTICE !RE IS NO TRACE ( IT4 

,!N !RE IS SOLID>ITY 9 AN IDEOLOGICAL CONTEXT4 ,?IS IS ! CASE ( ! M>XI/-L59I/S 9 ! REVOLUTION>Y COMBATANT P>TY V]SION4 ,!Y %[ SOLID>ITY ) ?OSE ) POSITIONS SIMIL> TO !IR [N1 & >E 9 CONTRA/ ) ?OSE :O DO NOT %>E OR RECOGNIZE !IR POLITICAL L9E OR /RATEGY1 (T5 US+ C5SOR%IP & O/RACISM AGA9/ ?OSE !Y CONSID] 9CONV5I5T4 

,:AT DO WE ?9K WE %\LD MEAN BY REVOLUTION>Y SOLID>ITY !N8 ,! FIR/ ASPECT IS ?AT ( SEE+ SOLID>ITY AS ! EXT5SION ( ! 9SURRECTIONAL SOCIAL PRACTICE ONE IS ALREADY C>RY+ \T )9 ! CLASS CLA%1 I4E4 AS A DIRECT DEMON/RATION ( ACTIONS ( ATTACK AGA9/ ALL ! /RUCTURES ( P[]1 L>GE & SMALL ?AT >E PRES5T 9 ONE'S [N T]RITORY4 ,& ?AT IS BECAUSE !SE %\LD TO ALL EFFECTS BE CONSID]$ RESPONSIBLE = EV]Y?+ ?AT HAPP5S 9 SOCIAL REALITY1 9CLUD+ !RE=E ! CRIM9ALIZATION & >RE/ ( COMRADES :]EV] !Y >E4 ,IT W\LD BE %ORT-SI<T$ TO R$UCE ! QUE/ION ( REPRESSION AGA9/ COMRADES TO SOME?+ /RICTLY L9K$ TO ! LEGAL & POLICE APP>ATUS4 ,! CRIM9ALIZATION & >RE/ ( COMRADES %\LD BE SE5 9 ! CONTEXT ( ! SOCIAL /RUGGLE AS A :OLE1 PRECISELY BECAUSE !SE >E ALWAYS ! HA/Y MAT]IAL MEANS US$ BY ! ,/ATE TO DISC\RAGE RADICALIZATION EV]Y:]E4 ,NO MATT] H[ GREAT OR 9SIGNIFICANT IT MI<T BE1 EV]Y ACT ( REPRESSION BELONGS TO ! RELATIONS ( ! SOCIAL /RUGGLE 9 C\RSE AGA9/ ! /RUCTURES ( DOM9ION4 

,! SECOND ASPECT IS ?AT EA* REVOLUTION>Y COMRADE %\LD BE DEF5D$ ON PR9CIPLE1 IRRESPECTIVE ( ! ACCUSATIONS MADE AGA9/ !M BY ! ,/ATE'S LEGAL & POLICE APP>ATUS1 9 ! FIR/ PLACE BECAUSE IT IS A QUE/ION ( SNAT*+ !M FROM ITS CLUT*ES I4E4 FROM ! CONDITIONS ( 0HO/AGE0 !Y HAVE BE5 R$UC$ TO4 ,MOREOV]1 IT IS ALSO A QUE/ION ( NOT LOS+ ! OCCASION TO 9T5SIFY ! ATTACK AGA9/ ! 0LAW0 9T5D$ AS ! REGULAT+ EXPRESSION ( ALL ! RELATION%IPS ( P[] PRES5T 9 CON/ITUT$ SOCIETY4 

,! ?IRD ASPECT CONC]NS ! REFUSAL TO ACCEPT ! LOGIC ( DEF5SE ?AT IS 9H]5T 9 CON/ITUTIONAL LAW1 SU* AS = EXAMPLE ! PROBLEM ( ! 09NOC5CE0 OR 0GUILT0 ( ! COMRADES 9VOLV$1 & ?AT IS BECAUSE WE HAVE MANY GOOD REASONS = DEF5D+ !M & NO ONE CAN JU/IFY ! POLITICAL OPPORTUNISM ( NOT DO+ SO4 ,WE CANNOT & MU/ NOT CONSID] \RSELVES LAWY]S1 BUT REVOLUTION>Y AN>*I/S AT W> AGA9/ CON/ITUT$ SOCIAL ORD] AN ALL FRONTS4 ,WE AIM AT RADICALLY DE/ROY+ ! LATT] FROM TOP TO BOTTOM1 WE >E NOT 9T]E/$ 9 JUDG+ IT AS IT DOES US4 ,= ?IS REASON WE CONSID] ANY S5T5CE MADE BY ! ,/ATE VULTURES AGA9/ PROLET>IANS 9 REVOLT1 & ALL ! MORE SO IF !Y >E COMRADES1 TO BE A S5T5CE AGA9/ \RSELVES & AS SU* TO BE AV5G$ ) ALL ! MEANS WE CONSID] OPPORTUNE1 ACCORD+ TO \R DISPOSITION & P]SONAL 9CL9ATIONS4 

,! F\R? & F9AL ASPECT CONC]NS \R ATTITUDE T[>DS ! >RE/$ COMRADES1 :OM WE CONT9UE TO BEHAVE T[>DS 9 ! SAME WAY AS ?OSE NOT 9 PRISON4 ,?AT MEANS ?AT TO REVOLUTION>Y SOLID>ITY WE ALWAYS & 9 ANY CASE UNITE A RADICAL CRITIQUE4 ,WE CAN & DO %[ SOLID>ITY ) IMPRISON$ COMRADES )\T = ?IS ESP\S+ !IR IDEAS4 ,?OSE :O %[ SOLID>ITY TO IMPRISON$ COMRADES >E NOT NECESS>ILY 9VOLV$ 9 !IR OP9IONS & PO9TS ( VIEW1 & ! SAME ?+ GOES = US AS F> AS !Y >E CONC]N$4 ,WE ACTIVELY SUPPORT ALL IMPRISON$ COMRADES 9 ALL & = ALL1 BUT ONLY UP TO ! PO9T :]E :AT WE DO = !M DOES NOT COME 9TO CONTRA/ ) OR CONTRADICT \R REVOLUTION>Y 9SURRECTIONALI/ WAY ( BE+4 ,\RS IS EXCLUSIVELY A RELATION%IP BETWE5 SOCIAL REVOLUTION>IES 9 REVOLT1 NOT ?AT ( B>T]+ POSITIONS4 ,WE DO NOT SACRIFICE ANY P>T ( \RSELVES1 JU/ AS WE DO NOT EXPECT O!RS TO DO ! SAME4 

,WE ?9K ( SOLID>ITY AS A WAY ( BE+ ACCOMPLICES1 ( TAK+ RECIPROCAL PLEASURE & 9 NO WAY CONSID] IT A DUTY1 A SACRIFICE = ! 0GOOD & SACR$ CAUSE01 BECAUSE IT IS \R [N CAUSE1 I4E4 \RSELVES4 

,/>T+ FROM !SE PREMISES1 ( PRIM>Y IMPORTANCE 9 ! DEVELOPM5T ( ONE'S AN>*I/ 9SURRECTIONALI/ ACTION1 REVOLUTION>Y SOLID>ITY TAKES ON MEAN+ AS SU*1 BECAUSE WE W\LD %[ SIMPLE MAT]IAL SUPPORT TO ANY FRI5D :O 5DS UP 9 PRISON4 

,REVOLUTION>Y SOLID>ITY IS AN 9TEGRAL P>T ( \R V]Y BE+ AS 9SURRECTIONAL AN>*I/S4 ,IT IS 9 ?IS DIM5SION ?AT IT %\LD BE DEMON/RAT$ 9CESSANTLY1 PRECISELY BECAUSE IT CONTRIBUTES TO WID5+ :AT WE >E ALREADY DO+4 

,PI]LEONE ,PORCU 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aihh 3 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SOLID>ITY -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,APRIL #a#f1 #bb 3 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SOLID>ITY -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #c1 #bbb 3 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SOLID>ITY -- ,UPDAT$4 

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HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/