,REVOLUTION>Y ,WOM5 

#bae 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,AN>*I/ ,F$]ATION 

,TEXT 3 

  

  
,?IS PAMPHLET IS D$ICAT$ TO ALL ?OSE REVOLUTION>Y WOM5 :O HAVE PASS$ )\T M5TION 9 ! HI/ORY BOOKS4 ,?ANKS ALSO GO TO ,NICK ,HEA? = HIS ATTEMPTS TO UNCOV] !IR /ORIES1 REM9D+ US ?AT BESIDE EV]Y WELL-KN[N 9DIVIDUAL !RE IS A :OLE MOVEM5T AIM+ T[>DS LIB]T>IAN COMMUNISM4 

,9TRODUCTION 

,! COMPATIBILITY ( AN>*ISM & WOM5'S LIB]ATION IS CLE>3 OPPOSITION TO ALL HI]>*Y IS A REQUIREM5T ( ANY MOVEM5T DEM&+ EMANCIPATION & EQUALITY4 ,DESPITE ?IS1 EV]Y:]E ?AT WOM5 JO9$ ! E>LY AN>*I/ MOVEM5T !Y W]E =C$ TO FI<T AGA9/ ! PREJUDICES ( !IR MALE COMRADES4 ,NOT ONLY DID !Y FI<T1 !Y PREVAIL$1 BECOM+ ! SPE>HEAD ( MANY REVOLUTION>Y SITUATIONS4 

,EMMA ,GOLDMAN1 ,VOLTAIR9E DE ,CLEYRE1 ,L\ISE ,MI*EL1 & ,LUCY ,P>SONS >E (T5 ! NAMES ?AT COME TO M9D :5 SOMEONE ?9KS ( PIONE]+ AN>*I/ WOM51 BUT !RE W]E MANY O!RS JU/ AS DET]M9$1 DEVOT$ & C\RAGE\S4 ,?IS PAMPHLET WILL HI<LI<T A SELECTION ( REVOLUTION>Y WOM5 ( ! PA/1 GIV+ A %ORT BIOGRAPHY ( EA* ( !IR LIVES1 & LETT+ !IR POLITICS SPEAK ?\< ! TALES ( !IR ACTIONS4 

,GLOSS>Y 

,! FOLL[+ T]MS WILL BE US$ 9 ?IS PAMPHLET3 

,AN>*I/ ,BLACK ,CROSS 

,AN AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION SET UP TO SUPPORT AN>*I/ POLITICAL PRISON]S4 

,CIRCUL> 

,A LETT] OR WRITT5 DOCUM5T ?AT IS S5T \T TO 9=M OR NOTIFY ! RECIPI5T 9 SOME WAY4 

,*EKA 

,RUSSIAN SECRET POLICE UND] ! ,SOVIET ,UNION4 ,?IS LAT] BECAME ! ,K,G,B4 

,DEP>TM5T 

,FR5* REGIONS >E ALSO KN[N AS DEP>TM5TS4 

,DREYFUS ,AFFAIR 

,A POLITICAL SC&AL ?AT SPLIT ,FR5* POLITICS ( ! TIME R\<LY 9TO TWO CAMPS2 ONE CAMP BE+ MA9LY ,CA?OLIC & PRO-MILIT>Y1 ! O!R BE+ AGA9/ ! MILIT>Y & ! *UR*4 

,FEBRU>Y ,REVOLUTION 

,A REVOLUTION ?AT L$ TO ! ABDICATION ( ,CZ> ,NI*OLAS ,I,I1 ! 5D ( ! ,ROMANOV DYNA/Y1 & ! 5D ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,EMPIRE4 

,FIR/ ,9T]NATIONAL 

,! ,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK+M5'S ,ASSOCIATION 7,I,W,A71 (T5 CALL$ ! ,FIR/ ,9T]NATIONAL1 WAS AN 9T]NATIONAL ORGANIZATION :I* AIM$ AT UNIT+ A V>IETY ( DIFF]5T LEFT-W+ SOCIALI/1 COMMUNI/ & AN>*I/ POLITICAL GR\PS & TRADE UNION ORGANIZATIONS ACROSS ! WORLD4 

,I,W,W 

,! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD4 ,A UNION =M$ BY AN>*I/S1 COMMUNI/S1 & SOCIALI/S 9 #aie ) ! AIM TO 5D CAPITALISM & ! WAGE SY/EM4 

,KRON/ADT ,REBELLION 

,AN UPRIS+ ( SAILORS 9 ! ,RUSSIAN PORT-T[N ( ,KRON/ADT 9 RESPONSE TO ! BETRAYAL ( ! AIMS & IDEALS ( ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION BY ,L59 & ! ,BOL%EVIK ,P>TY4 ,TROTSKY HIMSELF OV]SAW A PROPAG&A CAMPAIGN TO DISCR$IT ! REBELLION BE=E LEAD+ ! BRUTAL SUPPRESSION ( ! SAILORS4 

,MA*AJSKI1 ,JAN ,WACLAW 

,A ,POLI% AN>*I/ :OSE IDEAS W\LD PR$ICT ! BRUTAL \TCOME ( ANY ATTEMPT TO PUT 9 PLACE A /ATE SOCIALI/ GOV]NM5T OR 9/ALL A 'DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT'1 OR WORK]S' GOV]NM5T4 

,MAKHNOVI/S 

,AN>*I/S FOLL[+ ! IDEAS ( ,NE/OR ,MAKHNO4 ,DUR+ ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION ! ,MAKHNOVI/S W]E KN[N AS ! ,BLACK ,>MY & HELP$ E/ABLI% ! ,FREE ,T]RITORIES ( ! ,UKRA9E4 

,MAXIMALI/ ,SOCIALI/ 

,A MEMB] ( ! ,UNION ( ,SOCIALI/S ,REVOLUTION>IES ,MAXIMALI/S1 A RADICAL W+ EXPELL$ FROM ! ,SOCIALI/-,REVOLUTION>Y ,P>TY 9 #a#i#f4 ,MO/ LAT] JO9$ ) ,BOL%EVIKS4 

,MIMEOGRAPH 

,A L[-CO/ PR9T+ PRESS ?AT WORKS BY =C+ 9K ?R\< A /5CIL ONTO PAP]4 

,MISOGYNY 

,! /RUCTURAL OPPRESSION ( WOM5 ?\< GIV+ ( PREF]5CE TO PEOPLE & TRAITS SE5 AS MASCUL9E OV] ?OSE ?AT >E SE5 AS FEM99E4 ,?IS IS RELAT$ TO TRANSMISOGYNY 7! SPECIFIC WAYS MISOGYNY EFFECTS TRANS G5D]$ 9DIVIDUALS7 & MISOGYNOIR 7! SPECIFIC WAYS MISOGYNY EFFECTS BLACK 9DIVIDUALS74 

,P>TISAN 

,A COMMITT$ MEMB] ( A POLITICAL GR\P4 

,RI<T ,S,R & ,LEFT ,S,R,S 

,9 #a#i#a#g1 ! ,RUSSIAN ,SOCIALI/-,REVOLUTION>Y ,P>TY SPLIT BETWE5 ?OSE :O SUPPORT$ ! ,PROVISIONAL ,GOV]NM5T 7RI<T71 E/ABLI%$ AFT] ! ,FEBRU>Y ,REVOLUTION1 & ?OSE :O SUPPORT$ ! ,BOL%EVIKS :O FAVOR$ A COMMUNI/ 9SURRECTION 7LEFT74 

,VIS A VIS 

,MEAN+ '9 RELATION TO' OR ') REG>D TO'4 

,CL>A ,GILB]T ,COLE 7#a#h#f#h-#a#i#e#f7 

0,CL>A ,GILB]T1 ) H] UNUSUAL SL5D] LOVEL9ESS1 H] DEFT F+]S & VIVID IMAG9ATION1 WAS LIKE A CAG$ BIRD 9 ! PO/ (FICE40 

- ,SYLVIA ,PANKHUR/1 ',! ,HOME ,FRONT'4 

0,A REM>KABLE1 S9C]E & MU* LOV$ WOMAN40 

- ,JOHN ,HEWETSON4 

,CL>A ,GILB]T WAS BORN ON ! #d? ( ,DECEMB]1 #a#h#f#h4 ,%E WAS ! DAU<T] ( A BOOT MANUFACTUR] :O HAD GOT 9TO F9ANCIAL DI/RESS BECAUSE ( HIS REFUSAL TO 0PRODUCE ANY?+ SAVE HONE/1 H&-MADE ALL-LEA!R W>ES01 ACCORD+ TO ,SYLVIA ,PANKHUR/ 9 H] BOOK ',HOME ,FRONT'4 

,LEFT AN ORPHAN & )\T MEANS1 %E GOT A JOB AS A PO/AL WORK] 9 ,MAN*E/]4 ,H]E %E MET H] FUTURE HUSB& ,H]B]T ,COLE4 ,H]B]T ,COLE 7#a#h#f#g-#a#i#c71 LIKE ,SYLVIA ,PANKHUR/1 /UDI$ AT ,MAN*E/] ,S*OOL ( ,>T & WAS HEAVILY 9FLU5C$ BY ! ,PRE-,RAPHAELITES1 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS & ILLU/RATORS LIKE ,WALT] ,CRANE :O HAD VOLUNTE]$ !IR WORK = PAP]S LIKE ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE'S ',COMMONWEAL'4 ,UPON !IR M>RIAGE ,CL>A BECAME KN[N AS ,CL>A ,GILB]T ,COLE4 ,BO? ,CL>A & ,H]B]T SEEM TO HAVE BE5 9VOLV$ 9 SUFFRAGISM1 ,H]B]T BECOM+ ! /AFF >TI/ = ! ,WOM5'S ,SOCIAL & ,POLITICAL ,UNION 7,W,S,P,U71 LAT] PROGRESS+ TO PROVIDE ILLU/RATIONS = ',! ,WORK]'S ,DREADN\<T'4 ,HE WAS A PROLIFIC >TI/ FROM ! #a#h#iS 9TO ! #a#i#bS4 ,HIS WORK1 9CLUD+ ?AT AS AN ILLU/RATOR = *ILDR5'S BOOKS1 IS UNJU/IFIABLY IGNOR$ TODAY4 

,CL>A BECAME A PASSIONATE OPPON5T ( ! ,FIR/ ,WORLD ,W>2 PREEMPT+ ! /ATE CALL = CONSCRIPTION %E F\ND$ A ,LEAGUE ,AGA9/ ,W> & ,CONSCRIPTION 9 E>LY #aiae :I* PUBLI%$ AN #h-PAGE PAMPHLET WRITT5 BY H]1 ',W> ,WON'T ,PAY'1 9 #a#i#a#f4 ,9 ! SAME YE>1 ,CL>A1 ALONG ) ,ROSA ,HOBH\SE1 WALK$ ?R\< ,NOR?AMPTON%IRE & ,B$=D%IRE DI/RIBUT+ HUNDR$S ( ANTI-W> LEAFLETS4 ,ROSA'S HUSB& ,/EPH5 HAD BE5 IMPRISON$ AS A CONSCI5TI\S OBJECTOR ?AT YE>4 ,!Y W]E >RE/$ AFT] FIVE DAYS & CONVICT$ AT ,KETT]+ ,CR[N ,C\RT1 BO? RECEIV+ FIVE MON?S IMPRISONM5T4 

,CL>A WAS ASSOCIAT$ ) ! ,WORK]S ,SOCIALI/ ,F$]ATION 7,W,S,F7 ( ,SYLVIA ,PANKHUR/ & MAY HAVE BE5 A MEMB] ( IT4 ,%E PRODUC$ A BOOK ( POEMS1 ',PRISON ,IMPRESSIONS'1 BAS$ ON H] [N EXP]I5CES & ?OSE ( O!RS1 9 #a#i#a#h4 

,%E BECAME 9VOLV$ 9 ! E>LY UNEMPLOY$ MOVEM5T 9 ! #a#i#bS & WAS >RE/$ AFT] AN ACTION ORGANIZ$ BY ! GR\P ,CAMB]WELL ,ORGANIZ$ ,UNEMPLOY$1 ON ! #cRD ( ,FEBRU>Y1 #a#i#b#b1 ALONG ) ,/ANLEY ,DALLAS & ,BILL ,RU/ 7,RU/ WAS ! NOT$ ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY /ALW>T :O REMA9$ TRUE TO ,/AL9ISM LONG AFT] MANY O!R P>TY MEMB]S RECOGNIZ$ IT = ! ANTI-WORK] MOVEM5T ?AT IT IS7 = :I* %E RECEIV$ A #d %ILL+S F9E OR #bh DAYS IMPRISONM5T4 ,%E WROTE ',! ,OBJECTORS TO ,CONSCRIPTION & ,W>3 A RECORD ( !IR SUFF]+ & SACRIFICE1 !IR LETT]S & TRIBUNAL APPEALS1 !IR TE/IMONY = LIB]TY ( CONSCI5CE' 9 #a#i#c#f4 

,%E GRAVITAT$ T[>DS ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T & REMA9$ A SUPPORT] UNTIL H] DEA?1 PROVID+ 0VIGOR\S0 SUPPORT DUR+ ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION & 9 ANTI-W> AGITATION1 ACCORD+ TO ,ALB]T ,MELTZ] 9 HIS ',! ,AN>*I/S 9 ,LONDON'4 ,%E WROTE ANTI-W> >TICLES 9 ,FRE$OM ,PRESS'S ',W> ,COMM5T>Y'1 ,SCOTTI% AN>*I/ ,GUY ,ALDR$'S ',! ,WORD'1 & ,LABOR'S ',NOR!RN ,VOICE'4 ,! LA/ PUBLICATION DID NOT HAVE AN ANTI-W> POLICY BUT NEV]!LESS OP5$ ITS COLUMNS TO H]4 

,CL>A DI$ ON ! #d? ( ,FEBRU>Y1 #a#i#e#f1 AT ! AGE ( #h#g4 ,AN OBITU>Y BY ! ,FRE$OM $ITOR ,DR4 ,JOHN ,HEWETSON APPE>$ 9 ,FRE$OM ON ! #a#a? ( ,FEBRU>Y ( ! SAME YE> 9 :I* ,CL>A WAS DESCRIB$ AS 0ONE ( ! OLDE/ COMRADES ( ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T04 ,HEWETSON REMEMB]$ VISIT+ H] 9 #aidc 9 H] V]Y SMALL COTTAGE AT ,KIRBY-LE-,SOK5 9 ,ESSEX & H[ POPUL> %E WAS ) ! VILLAGE *ILDR5 :O REGUL>LY VISIT$ H] TO HE> H] /ORY-TELL+1 = :I* %E APP>5TLY HAD A FLAIR4 ,HE ALSO REC\NTS ! TALE ( A P]=MANCE ( ,BEE?OV5'S ,N9? ,SYMPHONY 79CID5TALLY ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/ ,MIKHAIL ,BAKUN9'S FAVORITE MUSIC67 AT ! ,QUE5'S ,HALL 9 ,LONDON :5 ! OR*E/RA FOLL[$ UP ) ,GOD ,SAVE ! ,QUE54 ,! AUDI5CE WAS ELECTRIFI$ TO HE> ,CL>A %\T+ FROM ! GALL]Y 0,GOD ,SAVE ! ,PEOPLE60 

,HEWETSON ALSO DESCRIB$ H] AS A 0MO/ DET]M9$ OPPON5T ( ALL E/ABLI%$ RELIGION1 CONCURR+ ) ,BAKUN9 ?AT ACCEPTANCE ( A HEAV5LY AU?ORITY WAS NOT COMPATIBLE ) REJECTION ( E>?LY AU?ORITY04 

,UNHAPPILY1 & AGA9/ H] CLE>LY EXPRESS$ WI%ES1 A RELIGI\S S]VICE WAS P]=M$ AT H] FUN]AL4 

,VIRG9IA ,BOLT5 7#a#h#g-#a#i#f7 

,VIRG9IA ,BOLT5 WAS ! DAU<T] ( A ,G]MAN /REET V5DOR4 ,%E WAS BORN 9 ,URUGUAY1 EI!R 9 ,SAN ,LUIS1 ACCORD+ TO SOME1 OR 9 ,SAN ,JUAN1 ACCORD+ TO ! RESE>*] ,PLACIDO ,GRELA1 & MOV$ TO ,ROS>IO 9 ,>G5T9A4 

,ROS>IO WAS KN[N AS ! 0,B>CELONA ( ,>G5T9A0 AT ?IS PO9T 9 TIME BECAUSE ( ITS CONC5TRATION ( 9DU/RIES1 ! RADICAL F]M5T !RE1 & ! POLITICAL 9FLU5CE IT HAD OV] ! RE/ ( ! C\NTRY4 ,%E WORK$ MAK+ %OES = WORK]S & !N LAT] 9 ! ,REF9]IA1 ! HUGE SUG> FACTORY ?AT EMPLOY$ ?\S&S ( WORK]S1 MANY ( !M ,EUROPEAN IMMIGRANTS & MANY ( !M WOM54 ,%E M>RI$ ,M>QUEZ1 AN ORGANIZ] ( A %OE WORK]S' UNION & A FELL[ ,URUGUAYAN4 

,9 #ahhh ! BAK]Y WORK]S PAP] ',EL ,OBR]O ,PANAD]O' ( ,ROS>IO BECAME ONE ( ! FIR/ VOICES ( AN>*ISM 9 ,>G5T9A1 ) MANY BAK]Y WORK]S ATTRACT$ TO AN>*I/ IDEAS4 ,IT HAD A KEY ROLE 9 ORGANIZ+ ! FIR/ ,MAY ,DAY DEMON/RATIONS 9 #a#h#i4 ,ACTIVI/S LIKE ,VIRG9IA ,BOLT5 & ,FRANCISCO ,B]RI APPE> TO HAVE BE5 ASSOCIAT$ ) IT4 ,9 #ahhi ,VIRG9IA HELP$ ORGANIZE ! SEAM/RESSES' /RIKE 9 ,ROS>IO1 BELIEV$ TO BE ! FIR/ /RIKE ( WOM5 WORK]S 9 ,>G5T9A4 

,AN>*I/S & SOCIALI/S :E!R ,FR5*1 ,ITALIAN1 ,SPANI% OR ,G]MAN-SPEAK+ HAD />T$ MEET+ AT ,LA ,BA/ILLA 7,! ,BA/ILLE ,CAFE7 AMONG !M ,FR5* & ,G]MAN 9T]NATIONALI/S & ! ,CATALAN ,PAUL9O ,PALLAS4 ,VIRG9IA FREQU5T$ ?IS CAFE & IT WAS ONE ( ! PLACES :]E ! PLANS TO CELEBRATE ,MAY ,DAY W]E HAT*$4 ,AMONG O!R AN>*I/S :O CONTRIBUT$ TO DISCUSSIONS !RE W]E ,ROMULO ,OVIDI1 ,FRANCISCO ,B]RI1 ,DOM+O ,LODI1 ,JUAN ,IBALDI1 ,RAFAEL ,TORR5T1 ,T]ESA ,M>*ISIO & ,M>IA ,CALVIA 7:O W]E BO? LAT] 9VOLV$ 9 SETT+ UP ,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ] & ITS PAP] ) ,VIRG9IA74 

,! DAY BE=E ! DEMON/RATION ,VIRG9IA WAS DETA9$ BY ! POLICE = DI/RIBUT+ LEAFLETS \TSIDE ! ,REF9]IA4 ,NOT TO BE DET]R$1 %E WAS AT ! HEAD ( A M>* ( ?\S&S ( WORK]S :I* PROCE$$ TO ! MA9 SQU>E ( ,MONTEVIDEO1 ! ,PLAZA ,LOPEZ1 ON ! ,FIR/ ( ,MAY4 ,%E C>RI$ A L>GE R$ FLAG ) BLACK LETT]+ PROCLAIM+3 0,PRIM]O DE ,MAYO - ,FRAT]NIDAD ,UNIV]SAL0 7,FIR/ ,( ,MAY - ,UNIV]SAL ,BRO!RHOOD74 ,AT ! ,PLAZA ,LOPEZ H] FI]Y SPEE* 5TRANC$ ! CR[D4 ,%E IS CR$IT$ AS BE+ ! FIR/ WOMAN 9 ,>G5T9A TO ADDRESS A WORK]S RALLY 7IT %\LD ALSO BE KEPT 9 M9D ?AT %E WAS TW5TY YE>S OLD AT ! TIME74 

,JUANA ,BUELA1 9 H] AUTOBIOGRAPHY ',HI/ORIA DE UNA IDEAL VIVIDO POR UNA MUJ]'1 REMEMB]$ ! /R5G? & T5ACITY ( ,VIRG9IA 9 PROPAGAT+ AN>*I/ IDEAS 9CLUD+ 9 ! PAGES ( ! AN>*I/ PAP]S ',LA ,PROTE/A ,HUMANA' & ',LA ,PROTE/A' & ESPECIALLY 9 ',LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ]'1 7',WOMAN'S ,VOICE'1 #a#h#i#f-#a#h#i#g74 ,?IS WAS A PAP] :I* EXPLICITLY DESCRIB$ ITSELF AS AN>*I/ COMMUNI/1 ) A SUBTITLE ',D$ICAT$ TO ! ADVANCEM5T ( AN>*I/ COMMUNISM'4 ,IT WAS ! FIR/ PUBLICATION $IT$ BY WOM5 = WOM5 9 ! :OLE ( ,LAT9 ,AM]ICA1 FUS+ CLASS /RUGGLE AN>*I/ IDEAS ) ! LIB]ATION ( WOM54 ,IT WAS SUPPORT$ BY ! MEAG] WAGES ( ,VIRG9IA & H] WOM5 COMRADES 9 ! %OE & SUG> 9DU/RIES4 ,IT WAS AN AN>*I/ PUBLICATION ?AT WAS TYPICAL ( ! P]IOD1 SMALL & EPHEM]AL & SEMI-CL&E/9E4 ,ITS DESCRIPTIVE SUB-TITLE SUMM$ IT ALL UP3 ',APPE>S :5 IT CAN'4 ,ONLY N9E ISSUES APPE>$1 AL?\< IT IS BELIEV$ ?AT ,VIRG9IA $IT$ ANO!R ISSUE 9 ,MONTEVIDEO4 ,ISSUES #a-#d HAD A PR9T RUN ( ONE ?\S& COPIES1 :I* W5T UP TO TWO ?\S& = ! FOLL[+ F\R ISSUES :IL/ ! LA/ APPE>ANCE ( ! PAP] M]IT$ A PR9T RUN ( #a1#e4 

',LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ]' PUBLI%$ MANY >TICLES FROM ,SPANI% AN>*I/S ON ! SUBJECT ( ! LIB]ATION ( WOM54 ,CONTRIBUTORS 9CLUD$ ! GREAT AN>*I/ ORGANIZ] ,T]ESA ,CL>AMUNT1 ,SOL$AD ,GU/AVO4 ,! SUPPORT ( ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN & ,L\ISE ,MI*EL WAS ACTIVELY S\<T & SECUR$4 ,IT DEPLOR$ ! ACTION ( ! AN>*I/ ,F4 ,D5ANBRIDE 9 %OOT+ HIS LOV] FIVE TIMES BECAUSE %E WAS LEAV+ HIM4 ,?IS WOMAN1 ,ANITA ,LAG\>DETTE1 WAS A CONTRIBUTOR TO ',LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ]' & MIRACUL\SLY SURVIV$ ! ATTACK4 ',LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ]' RAIL$ AGA9/ ! HYPOCRISY 9 MALE AN>*I/ RANKS :]E FRE$OM WAS D5I$ TO WOM5 7SEE ! FULL QUOTE 9 ! APP5DIX ( ?IS PAMPHLET74 

,VIRG9IA UND]TOOK SPEAK+ T\RS ?R\<\T ,>G5T9A1 SPEAK+ AT MEET+S 9 ,SAN ,NICOLAS1 ,CAMPANA1 ,T&IL1 ,M5DOZA & MANY O!R T[NS4 ,! POLICE 9T]V5$ ON MANY OCCASIONS TO /OP H] SPEAK+4 ,H] MA9 TOPICS W]E ! SITUATION ( ! WORK+ CLASS & 9 P>TICUL> ! V>I\S OPPRESSIONS SUFF]$ BY WORK+ CLASS WOM54 ,9 ,NOVEMB] #ai %E & ,T]ESA ,M>*ISIO ORGANIZ$ A C\NT] PROCESSION AGA9/ ! P>ADE ( ! ,CA?OLIC E/ABLI%M5T 9 ,ROS>IO1 ! PROCESSION ( ! ,VIRG5 DE LA ,ROCA4 ,%E & ,T]ESA W]E >RE/$ ) F\R O!R AN>*I/S4 

,9 ! SAME YE> %E WAS ACTIVELY 9VOLV$ 9 ! SETT+ UP ( ! ,CASA DEL ,PUEBLO 7! ,H\SE ( ! ,PEOPLE7 ) O!R AN>*I/S4 ,?IS H\S$ POLITICAL1 SOCIAL & CULTURAL EV5TS ) MANY CONF]5CES1 DEBATES1 DISCUSSIONS1 POETRY READ+S & !AT] PIECES2 IT HAD AN OR*E/RA & A LIBR>Y ( #* BOOKS4 ,%E WAS ONE ( ! SPEAK]S AT ITS 9AUGURATION4 ,ON ! #b? ( ,OCTOB]1 #a#i#a1 %E WAS >RE/$ = DI/RIBUT+ AN>*I/ PROPAG&A \TSIDE ! GATES ( ! ,REF9]IA 9 ! C\RSE ( A /RIKE4 ,DUR+ ?IS 9CID5T1 %E WITNESS$ ! COLD-BLOOD$ MURD] ( ! IMMIGRANT WORK] ,COME ,BUDISLAVI* BY ! POLICE4 ,%E HELP$ SET UP AN AN>*I/ WOM5'S GR\P ) O!R AN>*I/ MILITANTS LIKE ,LOPEZ & ,T]ESA ,DELOSO ?AT YE>4 

,9 #aib %E WAS ONE ( ! MA9 SPEAK]S AT ! ,FIR/ ( ,MAY RALLY 9 ,MONTEVIDEO1 US+ IT AS AN OCCASION TO D5\NCE ! SITUATION 9 ,>G5T9A4 ,9 #aid %E WAS =C$ TO MOVE TO ,BU5OS ,AIRES :]E %E WAS ACTIVE 9 ! ,COMITE DE ,HUELGA ,FEM59O 7,WOM5'S ,/RIKE ,COMMITTEE71 :I* ) ! ,F$]ACION ,OBR]A ,>G5T9A ORGANIZ$ ! WOM5 WORK]S 9 ! PORT FRUIT M>KET ( ,BU5OS ,AIRES & BR\<T !M \T ON /RIKE4 ,H] 9T5SIVE ACTIVITY BEGAN TO AFFECT H] HEAL?4 ,! COMRADES ( ! AN>*I/ !AT] GR\P ,G]M9AL ISSU$ AN APPEAL TO ALL LIB]T>IAN GR\PS1 UNIONS & SOCIETIES TO TAKE P>T 9 A B5EFIT TO AID H]4 ,! GREAT ,ITALIAN AN>*I/ ,PIETRO ,GORI 9TRODUC$ H] TO AN>*I/ 9TELLECTUAL CIRCLES 9 ,BU5OS ,AIRES & HELP$ H] F\ND AN ORGANIZATION ( AN>*I/S & SOCIALI/S FOCUS$ ON ATTACK+ LEGAL M>RIAGE & O!R AU?ORIT>IAN CONCEPTS4 

,! FAILURE ( ! CIVIL-MILIT>Y UPRIS+ ( ,HIPOLITO ,IRIGOY5 AGA9/ ! CONS]VATIVE GOV]NM5T 9 #aie WAS US$ AS A PRETEXT TO ATTACK ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T4 ,DESPITE ! FACT ?AT ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T HAD NO K9D ( ALLIANCE ) ,IRIGOY5 ITS PR9CIPAL ACTIVI/S W]E >RE/$1 PROSECUT$ & EV5 DEPORT$4 ,VIRG9IA WAS >RE/$ ALONG ) H] P>TN] & DETA9$ = TWO DAYS4 ,M>QUEZ WAS EXPELL$ TO ,URUGUAY UND] ! NEW ,RESID5CY ,LAW4 

,9 #aig %E WAS ONE ( ! 9ITIATORS ( ! ,C5TRO ,FEM59O ,AN>QUI/A 7,AN>*I/ ,WOM5'S ,C5T]7 & ?R\< IT WAS ONE ( ! PR9CIPAL ORGANIZ]S ( ! T5ANTS' /RIKE ( ?AT YE>4 ,FOLL[+ H] SPEE* DUR+ ?IS /RIKE1 ! ,RESID5CY ,LAW WAS US$ TO DEPORT H] TO ,MONTEVIDEO 9 ,URUGUAY1 :]E %E WAS REUNIT$ ) ,M>QUEZ & !IR Y\NG *ILDR54 ,%E WAS ! FIR/ WOMAN TO BE DEPORT$ UND] ?IS LAW4 

,H] HOME 9 ,MONTEVIDEO BECAME AN OP]ATIONAL BASE = ! AN>*I/ EXILES DEPORT$ FROM ,>G5T9A4 ,9 ,MONTEVIDEO %E COLLABORAT$ ) ,JUANA ,BUELA 9 #aii 9 ! AN>*I/ FEM9I/ NEWSPAP] ',LA ,NUEVA ,S5DA' 7,! ,NEW ,PA?1 #a#i#i-#a#i#a74 ,! SAME YE> %E WAS 9VOLV$ 9 ! 9T]NATIONAL AGITATION >\ND ! TRIAL & EXECUTION ( ! ,SPANI% AN>*I/ $UCATIONALI/ ,FRANCISCO ,F]R]4 ,?IS WAS L9K$ UP ) ! BRUTAL REPRESSION ( DEMON/RATORS 9 ,BU5OS ,AIRES ON ! #a/ ( ,MAY 9 ,BU5OS ,AIRES 9 ! SAME YE>4 ,AT ! H\R ON :I* ,F]R] WAS EXECUT$ 9 ,B>CELONA ON ! #a#c? ( ,OCTOB] A L>GE DEMON/RATION ( MORE ?AN T5 ?\S& PEOPLE ORGANIZ$ BY WORK]S' ORGANIZATIONS1 AN>*I/S1 SOCIALI/S & LIB]ALS1 ) ! P>TICIPATION ( MANY /UD5TS & UNIV]SITY TEA*]S 5D$ 9 ! MA9 SQU>E ( ,MONTEVIDEO1 ! ,PLAZA ,CON/ITUCION4 ,H]E IT WAS ADDRESS$ BY A HO/ ( SPEAK]S1 AMONG !M ,VIRG9IA & H] FELL[ AN>*I/ ,JUANA ,BUELA4 ,9 ! REPRESSION :I* FOLL[$ %E WAS ONE ( ! AN>*I/S MO/ H>ASS$ BY ! AU?ORITIES1 ALONG ) O!RS LIKE ,JUANA ,BUELA & ,M>IA ,COLLAZO4 

,9 E>LY ,APRIL #aiaa %E WAS 9VOLV$ 9 ! SETT+ UP 9 ,MONTEVIDEO ( ! ,ASOCIASION ,FEM59A-,EMANCIPACION %E :I* S\<T TO UNITE ALL ANTI-CL]ICAL WOM5 9 ,MONTEVIDEO4 ,%E & ,M>IA ,COLLAZO W]E 9FLU5TIAL 9 ?IS ORGANIZATION4 ,IT APPEAL$ TO WORK+ CLASS WOM5 & HELD ITS MEET+S AT ! (FICES ( ! ,ELECTRICAL ,WORK]S ,UNION4 ,IT MADE /RONG EF=TS TO ORGANIZE AMONG TELEPHONE OP]ATORS1 AT ?IS TIME MADE UP MO/LY ( NATIVE WOM5 WORK]S4 ,IT REJECT$ ! OV]TURES ( ! RE=MI/ ,PAN-,AM]ICAN ,F$]ATION1 ,VIRG9IA SPEAK+ \T AGA9/ APPEALS = FEMALE SUFFRAGE4 

,ALL ( ! ABOVE WAS A REM>KABLE LIFE A*IEVEM5T = ! CAUSE ( AN>*ISM4 ,UN=TUNATELY1 %E WAS TO BE 9VOLV$ 9 AN EPISODE REF]R$ TO AS 0,AN>COBATLLISMO0 :I* CAUS$ ! FIR/ IMPORTANT RIFT )9 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T 9 ,URUGUAY4 ,%E & O!R AN>*I/S LIKE ,FRANCISCO ,B]RI1 ,ADRIAN ,ZAMBONI1 ,ORS9I ,B]TANI1 & ,CL]ICI ORGANIZ$ >\ND ! AN>*I/ COMMUNI/ PAP] ,IDEA ,LIBRE BEGAN TO GIVE CRITICAL SUPPORT TO ! REGIME ( ,PRESID5T ,BATLLE Y ,ORDONEZ4 

,DUR+ HIS SECOND T]M 9 (FICE 9 ,URUGUAY ,BATLLE 9ITIAT$ A HUGE RE=M PROGRAM4 ,?IS WAS NOT JU/ F>-REA*+ = ,LAT9 ,AM]ICA BUT ON AN 9T]NATIONAL LEVEL4 ,HE SEP>AT$ ,*UR* FROM ,/ATE1 BANN$ CRUCIFIXES 9 HOSPITALS1 REMOV$ REF]5CES TO ,GOD & ! ,BIBLE FROM PUBLIC OA?S1 GAVE WIDESPREAD RI<TS TO UNIONS & POLITICAL P>TIES & ORGANIZATIONS1 BR\<T 9 ! EI<T-H\R DAY & UNIV]SAL SUFFRAGE1 9TRODUC$ UNEMPLOYM5T B5EFITS1 LEGALIZ$ DIVORCE1 CREAT$ MORE HI< S*OOLS1 PROMIS$ & PRACTIC$ NO RESID5CY LAWS AGA9/ EXIL$ AN>*I/S & O!R RADICALS1 OP5$ UNIV]SITIES TO WOM51 & L$ A CAMPAIGN TO TAKE AWAY ! CONTROL ( 9DU/RY & L& FROM =EIGN CAPITALI/S 7! ,BRITI% CAPITALI/S HAD HUGE 9FLU5CE 9 ,URUGUAY7 & NATIONALIZ$ PRIVATE MONOPOLIES4 

,?IS SEEMS TO HAVE DISORI5T$ SOME ELEM5TS 9 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 ,VIRG9IA 9CLUD$4 ,9 ! PROCESS1 SECTIONS ( ! ,URUGUAYAN AN>*I/ MOVEM5T W]E NEUTRALIZ$4 ,! EM]G+ ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY HAD SUPPORT$ ,EMANCIPACION BUT N[ TURN$ AGA9/ IT4 ,!IR PAP] ',EL ,SOCIALI/A' ATTACK$ ,VIRG9IA 9 ,JULY #a#i#a#c1 REPRODUC+ ALLEG$ /ATEM5TS FROM H] 9 :I* %E PRAIS$ ,BATLLE AS 'PROGRESSIVE' & 'UNLIKE ANY?+ WE HAVE EV] HAD 9 ?IS C\NTRY'4 ,BY ! 5D ( ! YE> ',EL ,SOCIALI/A' HAD HEI<T5$ ITS CRITICAL TONE1 9SI/+ ?AT ,VIRG9IA & H] ASSOCIATES HAD BETRAY$ ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T1 ?AT WORK]S REORGANIZE !IR MOVEM5T & 0S5D AN>*ISM TO ! DEVIL04 ,?IS BR\<T AB\T ! COLLAPSE ( ,EMANCIPACION & ! WORK+ CLASS WOM5'S MOVEM5T 9 ,URUGUAY1 AS WELL AS DO+ DAMAGE TO ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T & BR++ AB\T ! ASC5DANCY ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY4 

,9 #aibc %E WAS 9VOLV$ 9 ! SETT+ UP ( ! ,C5TRO ,9T]NACIONAL DE ,E/UDIOS ,SOCIALES 7A LIB]T>IAN LIT]>Y ASSOCIATION7 9 ,MONTEVIDEO & 9 ! SAME YE> SPOKE AT ! #a/ ,MAY RALLY 9 ,MONTEVIDEO4 

,:ILE ! AU?ORS CAN F9D LITTLE AFT] ?IS PO9T1 IT APPE>S ?AT %E CONT9U$ TO LIVE 9 ! WORK+ CLASS DI/RICT ( ,MANGA 9 ,MONTEVIDEO UNTIL H] DEA? 9 >\ND #aif & ?AT %E REMA9$ ATTA*$ TO AN>*I/ IDEAS4 

,VICTOR9E ,BRO*]-,R\*Y 7#a#h#c#h-#a#i#b#a7 

,VICTOR9E ,MAL5FANT WAS BORN 9 ,P>IS 9 #ah* 9TO A FAMILY ) A LONG REVOLUTION>Y TRADITION4 ,H] FA!R WAS A REPUBLICAN %OEMAK] & FREEMASON4 

,%E BECAME 9VOLV$ 9 REPUBLICAN & SOCIALI/ ACTIVITIES 9 ! #a#h#eS4 ,%E M>RI$ ,JEAN ,R\*Y1 AN >TISAN %OEMAK]1 9 #ahfa & ALONG ) HIM TOOK P>T 9 SEV]AL SOCIALI/ GR\PS 9 ,ORLEANS & ,P>IS1 BECOM+ 9VOLV$ 9 ! ,FIR/ ,9T]NATIONAL FROM V]Y E>LY ON4 

,9 #ahfg %E P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! F\ND+ ( A COOP]ATIVE BAK]Y & A COOP]ATIVE %OP4 ,DUR+ ! ,FRANCO-,PRUSSIAN ,W> H] HUSB& F\<T AS A FRANC-TIREUR 7IRREGUL> TROOP7 9 ! ,LOIRE & %E 5GAG$ AS AN AMBULANCE DRIV]4 ,%E LIV$ ) H] MO!R :O HELP$ H] RAISE H] TWO SONS & ! SON ( A NEI<BOR !Y HAD TAK5 UND] !IR W+S4 ,!SE ?REE *ILDR5 W]E ALL TO DIE )9 A FEW YE>S4 

,%E WAS ACTIVE 9 ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE1 JO9+ ! ,BATTALION = ! ,DEF5SE ( ! ,REPUBLIC ) H] HUSB& ON ! #b? ( ,M>*1 #a#h#g#a4 ,!Y W]E 9 *>GE ( ! (FIC]S' MESS1 BUT ) ! \TBREAK ( FI<T+1 %E RETURN$ TO H] PO/ ( AMBULANCE DRIV]4 ,%E F\<T ON ! B>RICADES DUR+ ! :OLE ( ! ,BLOODY ,WEEK4 ,) ! SAVAGE REPRESSION ?AT FOLL[$1 %E WAS >RE/$ & CONDEMN$ TO DEA? = BURN+ D[N ! ,C\RT ( ,ACC\NTS 7,C\R DES ,COMPTES74 

,?ANKS TO H] FRI5DS1 %E MANAG$ TO ESCAPE FIR/ TO ,SWITZ]L& & LAT] TO ,LONDON1 :ILE H] HUSB& WAS IMPRISON$ & DI$ 9 CAPTIVITY4 ,%E RETURN$ TO ,LYON & !N TO ,P>IS 9 #a#h#g#h1 & BECAME V]Y ACTIVE 9 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 ,%E WAS A MEMB] ( ! GR\P ?AT PUBLI%$ ! AN>*I/ PAP] ',LA ,REVOLUTION ,SOCIALE'4 ,%E MET ,GU/AVE ,BRO*] :IL/ ATT5D+ ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,AN>*I/ ,CONF]5CE 9 ,LONDON AS A ,P>ISIAN DELEGATE 9 #a#h#h#a4 ,!Y LAT] M>RI$ & ADOPT$ FIVE ORPHANS ( ! ,COMMUNE4 

,9 #aii %E WROTE H] MEMOIRS UP TO #a#h#g#a1 ',S\V5IRS D'UNE MORTE VIVANTE' 7MEMORIES ( ONE ( ! LIV+ DEAD74 ,%E DI$ 9 ,LAUSANNE ON ! #d? ( ,NOVEMB]1 #a#i#b#a4 

,ANA/ASIA ,IVANOVNA ,GALAIEVA1 A4K4A41 ,ANA/ASIA ,IVANOVNA1 ,NA/IA @& ,/EPANOVA 7#a#h#h#e-#a#i#b#e7 

,ANA/ASIA ,GALAIEVA WAS BORN 9TO A WORK]S' FAMILY 9 ,EKAT]9OSLAV1 ,RUSSIA1 9 #a#h#h#g4 ,?R\< H] [N /R5U\S EF=TS & P]SEV]ANCE %E BECAME A PRIM>Y S*OOL TEA*]4 ,%E BECAME A REVOLUTION>Y 9 #a#i#d1 FIR/ ( ALL PROPAG&IZ+ ! IDEAS ( ,MA*AJSKI & 9 #aie ACTIVE 9 ! ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/ ,WORK]S' ,GR\P ( ,EKAT]9OSLAV4 ,%E WAS >RE/$ BY ! ,CZ>I/ POLICE 9 #aih & F9ALLY BR\<T BE=E A MILIT>Y C\RT ON ! #b#d? ( ,SEPTEMB]1 #a#i#a#a4 ,%E WAS S5T5C$ TO F\R YE>S H>D LABOR = 9VOLVEM5T 9 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 ,ALREADY FRAGILE BY NATURE1 ! APPALL+ CONDITIONS 9 PRISON L$ TO H] CONTRACT+ PULMON>Y TUB]CULOSIS4 

,AFT] H] S5T5CE1 %E WAS DEPORT$ TO EXILE 9 ,IRKUTSK PROV9CE4 ,RELEAS$ FROM !RE BY ! ,FEBRU>Y ,REVOLUTION1 %E RETURN$ TO ! ,UKRA9E4 ,H] HUSB& ,PAVEL ,>S5TIEV 7A4K4A4 ,/EPANOVA7 :O WAS WELL KN[N 9 AN>*I/ CIRCLES1 WAS MURD]$ 9 FRONT ( H] BY ! ,UKRA9IAN NATIONALI/S ( ,PETLIURA4 ,DESPITE ?IS TRAUMATIC 9CID5T & H] S]I\S ILLNESS1 %E CONT9U$ TO BE ACTIVE 9 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T 9 ,KIEV & 9 ,KH>KOV1 ABOVE ALL 9 ! ,AN>*I/ ,BLACK ,CROSS GR\PS 9 ?OSE T[NS4 

,) ! ,BOL%EVIK ATTACKS ON ! ,NABAT ,CONF$]ATION ( ,AN>*I/S1 %E WAS >RE/$ BY ! ,KH>KOV ,*EKA ON ! #b#e? ( ,NOVEMB]1 #a#i#b4 ,%E WAS RELEAS$ 9 E>LY #a#i#b#a1 >RE/$ AGA9 9 ,M>* ( ! SAME YE>1 & AGA9 9 ,NOVEMB] #a#i#b#a4 ,FROM #aibb TO #aibd %E WAS EXIL$ TO ,VELIKY ,U/IUG & !N ,>KHANGELSK4 ,EA* TIME %E WAS >RE/$ )\T *>GE4 ,?IS 9 SPITE ( ! DOZ5S ( ,BOL%EVIKS ?AT %E HELP$ 9 PRISON ?R\< H] WORK ) ,T>ATUTA 9 ! ,POLITICAL ,R$ ,CROSS4 

,A MEMB] ( ! ,SOCIETY ( ,EX-,POLITICAL ,PRISON]S & ,EXILES1 %E RESIGN$ FROM IT ALONG ) ,OLGA ,T>ATUTA 9 #aibd 9 PROTE/ AGA9/ 9CREAS+ ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY CONTROL ( ?IS ORGANIZATION4 

,IT WAS ONLY ! 9T]V5TION ( DOCTORS 9 ,MOSC[ :O TOLD ! AU?ORITIES ?AT %E WAS DY+ ( A T]M9AL ILLNESS ?AT %E WAS FRE$ UND] SPECIAL SURVEILLANCE ( ! ,*EKA 9 ,MOSC[4 

,%E DI$ ON ! #b#g? ( ,OCTOB]1 #a#i#b#e4 

,ANNA ,G>ASEVA 7#a#i#b-#a#i#i#d7 & ,TATIANA ,G>ASEVA 7#a#i#a-AFT] #a#i#i#g7 

,ANNA ,G>ASEVA & H] OLD] SI/] ,TATIANA W]E ! DAU<T]S ( A TEA*] :O TAU<T 9 A GYMNASIUM 7HI< S*OOL7 9 ,RYAZAN4 ,TATIANA WAS BORN 9 #aia & ,ANNA ON ! #g? ( ,DECEMB]1 #a#i#b4 

,9 #a#i#a#g1 ,TATIANA WAS ADMITT$ TO ,MOSC[ ,UNIV]SITY1 :]E %E ATT5D$ ! LECTURES ( ! AN>*I/ PR(ESSOR ,ALEXEI ,BOROVOI4 ,TATIANA JO9$ ! /UD5T AN>*I/ CLUB MO/LY MADE UP ( Y\NG WOM54 ,%E SAW H]SELF AS AN AN>*O-SYNDICALI/4 

,) ! DEA? ( ,KROPOTK91 HIS FAMILY & ASSOCIATES DEM&$ ?AT ! ,BOL%EVIK GOV]NM5T RELEASE IMPRISON$ AN>*I/S4 ,AMONG !SE W]E ,>ON ,B>ON1 ,TOPIL9 7HIMSELF FROM ,RYAZAN1 SUBSEQU5TLY %OT 9 #aiba = >RANG+ A PRISON ESCAPE7 & O!R AN>*I/S1 ,LEFT ,S,R,S & ,MAKHNOVI/S4 ,! UNIV]SITY TEA*]S ,BOROVOI & ,K>EL9 ASK$ ! LEAD] ( ! ,*EKA1 ,DZ]ZH9SKY1 TO RELEASE ! PRISON]S BUT HE REFUS$4 ,BOROVOI !N W5T TO ,LUNA*>SKY1 :O PREVAIL$ UPON ,L59 TO RELEASE SIX ( ! PRISON]S ON P>OLE1 ! RE/ REMA9+ 9 PRISON4 

,AT ! FUN]AL ( ,KROPOTK9 !RE WAS A L>GE TURN\T FROM ! UNIV]SITIES & ,TATIANA WAS ONE ( ?OSE :O C>RI$ A WREA? FROM ! ,NABAT CONF$]ATION 7EV5 ?\< AS AN AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ %E DISAGRE$ ) !IR /RATEGIES7 TO LAY ON HIS C(F94 ,%E RETURN$ TO ,RYAZAN1 :]E H] SI/] /ILL LIV$1 AFT] MASS >RE/S ( ,AN>*I/S & ,LEFT ,S,R,S & ! SUPPRESSION ( ! ,KRON/ADT REBELLION4 ,ANNA 5T]$ ! ,RYAZAN ,P$AGOGICAL ,9/ITUTE1 & JO9$ ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ GR\P !RE4 

,! TWO SI/]S !N MOV$ TO ,PETROGRAD :]E !Y WORK$ AS NURSES4 ,!Y CONT9U$ TO P>TICIPATE 9 ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ MOVEM5T4 ,TATIANA KEPT 9 CONTACT ) EXIL$ REVOLUTION>IES 9 ,F9L& & R5T$ A ROOM 9 A H\SE :I* HAPP5$ TO BE OPPOSITE ! W9D[S ( ,GRIGORI ,Z9OVIEV4 ,%E WAS >RE/$ !RE ON ! #b#bND ( ,MAY1 #a#i#b#e4 ,ANNA1 :O HAD RETURN$ TO ,RYAZAN1 WAS >RE/$ ! FOLL[+ YE> & A PICTURE ( ,TOPIL9 ALONG ) !IR REAL NAME WAS F\ND AT H] AP>TM5T4 ,! TWO SI/]S W]E REUNIT$ 9 ! ,LUBYANKA PRISON4 

,!Y W]E ACCUS$ ( BELONG+ TO A T]RORI/ AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION & ( PLOTT+ TO KILL ,Z9OVIEV4 ,AT ?IS TIME ! 9T]ROGATION ( POLITICAL PRISON]S DID NOT 9VOLVE BEAT+S OR TORTURE4 ,! SI/]S W]E S5T5C$ TO ?REE YE>S 9 ! POLITICAL-ISOLATOR PRISON FOLL[$ BY ?REE YE>S ( 9T]NAL EXILE4 ,!Y S]V$ !IR TIME AT ! PRISON ( ,V]KHNEURALSK1 :]E !Y MET & BECAME FRI5DS ) MANY O!R POLITICAL PRISON]S1 JO9+ !M 9 COLLECTIVE PROTE/S & HUNG] /RIKES4 ,AMONG !SE W]E ! ,RI<T ,S,R ,KAT>9A ,OLITSKAYA1 ! AN>*I/ ,VSEVOLZHSKY1 :O WAS ! NEPHEW ( ! ,R$ ,>MY M>%AL ,TUKHA*EVSKY & ! AN>*I/ ,KIRA ,>KADEVNA ,/URM]1 :O WAS ! NIECE ( A M9I/] ( ! ,CZ>4 ,9 ,SV]DLOVSK !Y MET ,B]TA ,BRODOVA1 WIFE ( ,YURI ,PODBELSKY1 AN ,S,R 9VOLV$ 9 ! ,ANTONOV UPRIS+ 9 ,TAMBOV 7HIS BRO!R ,VADIM WAS ,COMMISS> ( ,PO/ & ,TELEGRAPHS 9 ! ,COMMUNI/ GOV]NM5T74 

,9 #a#i#b#h1 ,TATIANA CONTRACT$ TUB]CULOSIS & WAS S5T TO ,*IKM5T4 ,%E FIL$ A PETITION = A TRANSF] HOME TO ,RYAZAN4 ,! AU?ORITIES AGRE$ TO ?IS IF %E 5D$ H] POLITICAL ACTIVITIES4 ,%E SIGN$ A /ATEM5T TO ?IS EFFECT TO ?IS :IL/ MA9TA9+ H] BELIEFS4 ,TATIANA RETURN$ TO ,RYAZAN 9 #a#i#b#i1 JO9$ !RE SOON BY A REC5TLY RELEAS$ ,ANNA4 

,9 EXILE1 ,TATIANA M>RI$ ,NIKOLAI ,SEM5OVI* ,DOSKALOV1 A ,BELGIAN-BORN EX-,BOL%EVIK :O 9 ! MID #a#i#bS HAD *ANG$ HIS POLITICS TO AN>*O-SYNDICALISM4 ,TOGE!R ) H] HUSB& %E MOV$ TO ,MAIKOP1 :]E 9 #aice %E WAS >RE/$4 ,AFT] ! FIR/ SPELL 9 PRISON %E RETURN$ TO ,MOSC[ & BEGAN WORK+ 9 ! ,L59 ,LIBR>Y4 ,! DIRECTOR ( ! ,LIBR>Y WAS ,NEVSKY1 A =M] ,PEOPLE'S ,COMMISS> ( ,LABOR4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,TATIANA HE WAS ! ONLY DEC5T ,COMMUNI/ !Y EV] MET4 ,HE WAS NOT AFRAID TO >GUE ) ,/AL91 & HE EMPLOY$ PEOPLE EXPELL$ FROM ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY AFT] ! WAVE ( PURGES4 ,HE HIR$ ,TATIANA & ! OLD ,S,R ,KOLOSOVA4 ,NEVSKY WAS >RE/$ 9 #aice & %OT 9 #a#i#c#g4 ,AFT] HIS >RE/1 ,TATIANA & H] HUSB& FL$ TO ,MAIKOP1 BUT ! SECRET POLICE CAU<T UP ) !M4 ,NIKOLAI WAS BEAT5 TO DEA? DUR+ 9T]ROGATION1 & ,TATIANA RECEIV$ FIVE YE>S AT ! ,KOLYMA CAMP4 

,!RE W]E MANY ,COMMUNI/S AT ,KOLYMA1 9CLUD+ ,TROTSKYI/ OPPOSITIONI/S1 BUT !Y ALL REFUS$ TO HAVE ANY?+ TO DO ) AN>*I/S :O !Y REG>D$ AS 5EMIES ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,TATIANA MET ,KATYA ,OLITSKAYA AGA9 AT ,KOLYMA4 

,TATIANA ) H] TUB]CULOSIS W\LD NOT HAVE SURVIV$ LONG AT ! DREAD PRISON CAMP ( ,KOLYMA IF %E HAD NOT />T$ WORK AT ! CAMP HOSPITAL AFT] ONE ( H] FEET WAS AMPUTAT$ AS A RESULT ( FRO/BITE :IL/ WORK+ 9 ! =E/4 ,TATIANA RETURN$ TO ,RYAZAN BE=E ! W>4 ,DUR+ ! W>1 ! SI/]S WORK$ 9 A MILIT>Y HOSPITAL1 & 9 #aidi ,TATIANA WAS AGA9 S5T TO ,KOLYMA1 :]E %E REMA9$ UNTIL #a#i#e#d4 

,! TWO SI/]S W]E REHABILITAT$ 9 #a#i#e#h4 ,FROM #aifb ONW>DS ,ANNA MADE CONTACT ) ! WRIT] ,SOLZH5ITSYN :O WAS COMPIL+ HIS HUGE BOOK ON ! ,GULAG >*IPELAGO4 ,%E ACT$ AS HIS 0ILLEGAL SECRET>Y01 HELP+ COMPILE 9=MATION ON ! CAMPS1 PUTT+ HIM 9 CONTACT ) O!RS :O HAD SUFF]$ 9 ! CAMPS & HID+ DOCUM5TS = HIM4 ,! SI/]S FELT ?AT !RE WAS NOT 5\< 9=MATION 9 ! BOOK ON ,KOLYMA :I* WAS 0\R ,AUS*WITZ04 

,9 H] LA/ YE>S ,ANNA1 DISILLUSION$ BY ! MANY YE>S ( SUFF]+ & REPRESSION1 REJECT$ H] AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ BELIEFS & BEGAN TO SEE H]SELF AS AN AN>*I/ 9DIVIDUALI/4 ,! AN>*I/ J\RNALI/ ,IGOR ,POD%IVALOV CONDUCT$ AN 9T]VIEW ) ! SI/]S 9 #a#i#i#d4 ,!Y W]E LIV+ 9 ,RYAZAN ON SMALL P5SIONS4 ,SIX MON?S LAT] ,ANNA DI$ ON ! #a#a? ( ,DECEMB]1 #a#i#i#d4 ,TATIANA DI$ SOME TIME AFT] #a#i#i#g4 ,9 #a#i#i#g1 ,ANNA'S MEMOIRS ( H] ACTIVITIES 9 ! AN>*I/ UND]GR\ND W]E PUBLI%$4 

,JOHANNA ,LAHR 7#a#h#f#g-#a#i#d7 

0,! J\RNEYM5 BAK]S ( ,LONDON >E AT LA/ MAK+ !MSELVES HE>D1 BE+ URG$ ON BY ! LESSONS TAU<T BY ! SKILL$ & UNSKILL$ ,LABOR ,/RIKE ( ! DOCK]S1 & ! SWEAT$ TAILORS 9 ! ,EA/ ,5D1 :I* %[$ :AT CAN BE DONE IF WORK]S >E UNIT$ & ORGANIZ$444DO Y\ TOIL & SUFF] SU* LIVES UND] !SE WRET*$ CONDITIONS = Y\RSELVES & Y\R FAMILIES1 OR Y\R MA/]S8 

,:]E >E ! FRUITS ( Y\R LABOR8444:AT HOPES HAVE Y\ :5 Y\ >E PA/ WORK8444,HAVE NO TRU/ 9 Y\R ,H\SES ( ,P>LIAM5T4 ,! SOON] !Y >E TURN$ 9TO A WA%H\SE OR BAKEH\SE ! BETT] = ! WORK]S4 ,I AM ) Y\ HE>T & SPIRIT1 & WILL NEV] TIRE ( HELP+ Y\ TO A BRI<T] FUTURE1 :]E FRE$OM1 LOVE & H>MONY %ALL REIGN2 :]E ! DAWN ( ! MORN+ %ALL BE GREET$ ) GLADNESS1 & WORK BE ONLY A PLEASURE2 & :]E ! BURD5 ( LIFE & SORR[-/RICK5 FACES %ALL DISAPPE> LIKE A SN[-:ITE MI/ 9 ! MORN+40 

- ,JOHANNA ,LAHR ',! ,POORE/ ( ! ,WAGE-,SLAVES'4 

,JOHANNA ,LAHR WAS ONE ( MANY WOM5 :O W]E ACTIVE 9 ! ANTI-P>LIAM5T>IAN & AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 LIKE ,AGNES ,H5RY1 ,LILIAN ,EVELYN1 ,$I? ,LUPTON & O!RS :O DES]VE TO BE RESCU$ FROM OBSCURITY4 

,%E WAS BORN ,ANNA ,KLEB[ 9 ,G]MANY 9 #a#h#f#g1 ! DAU<T] ( ,K>L ,KLEB[1 A CAB9ET MAK]4 ,%E APPE>S TO HAVE EMIGRAT$ TO ,5GL& BETWE5 #ahhe & #a#h#h#g4 ,BY ! LATT] YE> %E WAS ACTIVE 9 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE4 ,%E APPE>S TO HAVE =M$ A RELATION%IP ) ! J\RNEYMAN BAK] ,PHILIP ,LAHR1 BORN 9 ,ECKLE%EIM1 9 ! ,/ATE ( ,HESSE 9 ,G]MANY 9 EI!R #ah$ OR #a#h#e#g1 ACCORD+ TO DIFF]5T S\RCES4 ,9CID5TALLY1 ,PHILIP ,LAHR WAS NOT A RELATION ( ,*>LIE ,LAHR1 :O WAS ALSO A ,G]MAN AN>*I/ :O HAD COME TO ,BRITA94 ,IT APPE>S ?AT ,PHILIP CAME TO ,LONDON TO AVOID CONSCRIPTION >\ND #a#h#g#d_/#e4 ,HE WAS AN AV[$ AN>*I/1 & PROBABLY A MEMB] ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE1 & KNEW ,$W>D ,C>P5T] & ,KROPOTK9 WELL1 & HAD EV5 SE5 ,K>L ,M>X AT MEET+S1 BUT IT IS UNCLE> :E!R ,JOHANNA WAS H]SELF ALREADY AN AN>*I/ BE=E %E MET HIM4 ,%E BEGAN TO USE ! SURNAME ( ,LAHR1 AL?\< ! PAIR W]E NOT =MALLY M>RI$ UNTIL ! #a/ ( ,JUNE1 #a#h#i#e1 9 ,CROYDON4 

,%E SPOKE AT MANY MEET+S1 & %E IS LI/$ AS SPEAK+ AT #ac MEET+S 9 ,M>* #ahhi ALONE6 ,?AT YE> %E SPOKE TO TWO MEET+S ( ! ,LEICE/] BRAN* ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE1 AT ,RUSSELL ,SQU>E & ,HUMB]/ONE ,GATE1 ALONGSIDE ! AN>*I/S ,GEORGE ,CORES & ,TOM ,PE>SON4 ,ON ,SUNDAY ! #b#i? ( ,JUNE1 #a#h#i1 %E SPOKE = ! ,EA/ ,LONDON ,AN>*I/-,COMMUNI/ ,GR\P AT ,VICTORIA ,P>K ALONGSIDE ,$I? ,LUPTON1 ,H5RY ,DAVIS1 ,R4,W4 ,BURNIE & ,BROOKS AT TWO MEET+S4 ,%E IS RECORD$ AT SPEAK+ 9 ! SAME LOCATION ON ,SUNDAY ! #a#c? ( ,JULY ?AT SAME YE>1 ) ,R4,W4 ,BURNIE & ,DAVIS4 ,%E SPOKE AT A COMMEMORATION MEET+ ORGANIZ$ BY ! ,LEAGUE = ! ,*ICAGO ,M>TYRS 9 ,NOVEMB] #ahi AT ,MILTON ,HALL1 ,HAWLEY ,CRESC5T1 ,K5TI% ,T[N4 ,%E WAS DESCRIB$ AS A 0/ATELY WOMAN ) A /RONG =EIGN ACC5T04 ,%E WAS C]TA9LY ASSOCIAT$ ) ! AN>*I/ W+ ( ! ,LEAGUE ALONG ) ,KITZ1 ,M[BRAY1 ,W4,B4 ,P>K] & ,BURNIE4 ,%E WAS ONE ( ?OSE :O ATT5D$ ! ,AN>*I/ ,CONF]5CE ORGANIZ$ AT ! ,AUTONOMIE ,CLUB AT #f ,W9DMILL ,/REET 9 #a#h#i4 

,9 ,APRIL ( #ahhi %E WROTE TO ,FRI$RI* ,5GELS & ASK$ HIM = AN 9T]VIEW1 ASK+ HIS ADVICE ON :I* WORKS ON SOCIALISM TO READ4 ,?IS CORRESPOND5CE CONT9U$ = A FEW WEEKS1 AL?\< !RE IS NO EVID5CE ?AT %E ACTUALLY MET HIM4 

,9 ! SAME MON? ( ! SAME YE> %E BEGAN A CAMPAIGN TO SET UP A BAK]S UNION4 ,H] COMPANION WAS ONE ( OV] #b ,G]MAN BAK]S BAS$ 9 ,BRITA91 MO/LY 9 ,LONDON1 BETWE5 #a#h#h-#a#i#a4 ,?IS ORGANIZATION PROBABLY HAD CONTACT ) ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,BAK]S ,UNION1 BUT WAS ONLY ONE ( SEV]AL 9 ,LONDON4 ,%E SPOKE AT A MEET+ ( ?IS GR\P1 ! ,AMALGAMAT$ ,UNION ( ,BAK]S1 9 ,OCTOB] ( ?AT YE>1 URG+ !M TO BE 0M5 NOT SLAVES0 & CALL+ ON !M TO BOYCOTT SCABS4 ,9 AUTUMN #ahi %E WAS 9VOLV$ 9 SUPPORT+ ! BAK]S /RIKE 9 ,LONDON4 ,%E WROTE A TWO-PAGE LEAFLET = IT 9 ,OCTOB]1 TITL$ ',! ,POORE/ ( ! ,WAGE-,SLAVES'4 ,! /RIKE WAS SUCCESSFULLY COMPLET$ 9 ,NOVEMB]4 ,9 ! LEAFLET :I* BORE H] NAME %E URG$ ?AT IT WAS NOT 5\< TO BE CONT5T ) A /RIKE BUT TO CONT9UE ORGANIZ+ AMONG ! BAK]S & NOT TO RELY ON ,P>LIAM5T :I* %\LD BE CONV]T$ 9TO A BAK]Y6 

,JOHANNA HAD ?REE *ILDR51 ! FIR/ ,PHILIP1 BORN 9 #a#h#i#i1 ! SECOND ,VICTOR ,HUGO1 BORN 9 #aib & ! ?IRD1 ,BRUNO ,$G>1 BORN ! FOLL[+ YE>4 ,%EILA ,LAHR1 WRIT+ AB\T H] FA!R ,*>LIE1 M5TIONS ! UNRELAT$ ,JOHANNA & ?AT ,*>LIE TOLD H]3 0,EXPLA9+ ! DIFF]5CE 9 APPE>ANCE BETWE5 ! SIBL+S1 MY FA!R BLI!LY TELLS ME '!IR MO!R ,JOHANNA WAS AN AN>*I/ & %E HAD A NUMB] ( LOV]S & *ILDR5 BY ALL ( !M4 ,NONE ( !M >E REALLY ,LAHRS4'04 ,:E!R ?IS IS TRUE IS 9 D\BT1 AS ,PHILIP ,LAHR HAD ?REE FUR!R SONS BY A SECOND WIFE ,WILHEM9A ,S*UMA*]4 

,%E DI$ 9 ,SEPTEMB] #aid ( :AT WAS LI/$ AS A 0BREA/ 9FECTION0 BUT WAS POSSIBLY CANC]4 

,ITO ,NOE 7#a#h#i#e-#a#i#b#c7 

,ITO WAS BORN 9 #a#h#i#e1 TO A FAMILY ( L&$ >I/OCRACY1 ON ! S\!RN ISL& ( ,KYU%U1 9 ! VILLAGE ( ,IMAJUKU4 ,AFT] GRADUAT+ FROM ,U5O ,GIRLS ,HI< ,S*OOL1 %E WAS =C$ AGA9/ H] WILL 9TO AN >RANG$ M>RIAGE 9 H] NATIVE VILLAGE4 ,%E SOON RAN AWAY TO ,TOKYO4 

,9 ,TOKYO1 WOM5 HAD BE5 DEVELOP+ PROGRESSIVE IDEAS S9CE ! #a#h#gS4 ,HIRATSUKA ,RAI*O F\ND$ ! ,SEITO%A 7,BLUE ,/OCK+ ,SOCIETY7 & BR\<T \T ITS MAGAZ9E ',SEITO' 7,BLUE ,/OCK+7 :I* GAVE SPACE TO WOM5 TO DEVELOP !IR LIT]>Y1 ES!TIC & POLITICAL CAPABILITIES4 ,ITO JO9$ ?IS GR\P 9 #a#i#a#c1 AT ! AGE ( #a#h1 & BECAME ONE ( ITS $ITORS FROM #aiae TO #a#i#a#f4 ,SKILL$ 9 SEV]AL LANGUAGES1 9CLUD+ ,5GLI%1 %E TRANSLAT$ >TICLES BY ! AN>*I/1 ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN1 ON ! SITUATION ( WOM54 

,ITO LAT] M>RI$ ! WRIT] ,TSUJI ,JUN 7#a#h#h#d-#a#i#d#d71 :O HAD TAU<T H] AT S*OOL 9 #a#i#a#b1 BUT LEFT HIM 9 #aiaf TO HAVE A PASSIONATE LOVE AFFAIR ) ! *>ISMATIC AN>*I/ FIREBR& ,OSUGI ,SAKAE4 

,ITO & ,OSUGI BELIEV$ 9 ! CONCEPTS ( FREE LOVE4 ,OSUGI AT ?IS TIME WAS CONDUCT+ AN AFFAIR ) ! LEAD+ WOMAN AN>*I/1 ,I*IKO ,KAMA*IKA4 ,UN=TUNATELY1 ! !ORETICAL CONCEPTS ( FREE LOVE COLLID$ ) JEAL\SY & ,KAMA*IKA ATTACK$ ,OSUGI ) A KNIFE & SEV]ELY W\ND$ HIM4 ,! MASS M$IA US$ ?IS 9CID5T TO ATTACK ,ITO1 ,OSUGI & ,KAMA*IKA = !IR 'IMMORALITY' & ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T 9 G5]AL4 ,?IS CAUS$ PROBLEMS 9 ! AN>*I/ GR\P 9 :I* ,ITO & ,OSUGI W]E 9VOLV$ & MANY COMRADES SPLIT ) !M4 

,ITO WORK$ ) ,OSUGI 9 PROMOT+ ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 AS WELL AS DEVELOP+ H] IDEAS ON WOM5'S LIB]ATION4 ,%E HELP$ F\ND ! SOCIALI/ WOM5'S GR\P ,SEKIRANKAI 9 #a#i#b#a4 ,%E PRODUC$ OV] #h >TICLES = DIFF]5T PUBLICATIONS1 AS WELL AS TRANSLAT+ ! WORK ( ,EUROPEAN AN>*I/S LIKE ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 & ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN4 ,9 ADDITION1 %E PRODUC$ SEV]AL AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL NOVELS1 :I* *>T$ H] LIFE FROM ADOLESC5CE1 ?R\< BREAK+ ) TRADITION1 TO REA*+ H] EMANCIPAT$ & AN>*I/ \TLOOK4 ,!Y 9CLUD$ ,ZATSUON 7,NOISES7 9 #aiaf AT ! AGE ( #b#a1 & ,T5KI 7,TURN+ ,PO9T7 9 #a#i#a#h4 

,9 #a#i#a#i1 ) ,OSUGI1 ,WADA ,KYUT>O & ,KONDO ,K5JI1 %E BR\<T \T ! FIR/ ,RODO ,UNDO 7,LABOR ,MOVEM5T7 MAGAZ9E1 :I* S\<T TO L9K AN>*ISM TO ! 9DU/RIAL WORK+ CLASS & MANY BRAN*ES ( AN ORGANIZATION ) ! SAME NAME W]E SET UP4 

,TWO YE>S LAT]1 9 ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#b#c1 %ORTLY AFT] ! BIR? ( H] SEV5? *ILD1 ! ,GREAT ,KANTO ,E>?QUAKE HIT ,JAPAN4 

,AS (T5 HAPP5S 9 ! AFT]MA? ( AN E>?QUAKE1 MANY FIRES BROKE \T & MORE PEOPLE W]E KILL$ BY !SE ?AN BY ! QUAKE4 ,A TOTAL ( #a1 DI$ & AS MANY AS TWO MILLION W]E LEFT HOMELESS4 

,RUMORS BEGAN TO SPREAD1 5C\RAG$ BY ! AU?ORITIES1 ?AT V>I\S 'UNPOPUL>' GR\PS W]E RESPONSIBLE = />T+ FIRES & CAUS+ O!R MIS*IEF TO AGGRAVATE ! SITUATION4 ,AS A RESULT1 MOBS ATTACK$ MANY IMMIGRANT ,KOREAN & ,*9ESE WORK]S1 & ! POLICE US$ ! OPPORTUNITY TO MURD] AN>*I/ & SOCIALI/ MILITANTS4 ,?\S&S W]E KILL$4 ,AMONG !M W]E T5 SOCIALI/S 9 ,KAMEIDO 9 ,TOKYO1 AS WELL AS ,ITO ,NOE1 ,SAKAE ,OSUGI & HIS SIX YE> OLD NEPHEW1 ,TA*EBANA ,MUNEKAZU4 ,!Y W]E TAK5 9TO CU/ODY ON ! #a#f? ( ,SEPTEMB] & ALL W]E BEAT5 & /RANGL$ 9 ! CELLS ( ! DREAD$ ,KEMPEI-TAI SECRET POLICE4 ,OSUGI HAD BE5 _?#a ON !IR DEA? LI/ = A LONG TIME4 

,SEV]AL DAYS LAT]1 ! BODIES W]E F\ND 9 A WELL1 :]E !Y HAD BE5 LEFT TO DECOMPOSE4 ,A TRIAL FOLL[$ AFT] ! MURD]] WAS DISCOV]$ TO BE A SECRET POLICEMAN NAM$ ,AMAKASU ,MASAHIKO1 :O HAD ACT$ ON ORD]S FROM ,EMP]OR ,HIROHITO4 ,! POLICEMAN WAS S5T5C$ TO JU/ T5 YE>S' JAIL1 !N RELEAS$ BY P]SONAL ORD] ( ,HIROHITO F\R YE>S LAT] BE=E BE+ ASSIGN$ TO 'SPECIAL DUTIES' 9 ,MAN*URIA4 ,HE COMMITT$ SUICIDE 9 #a#i#d#e1 BE=E HIS CRIMES C\LD BE AV5G$ BY ! MANY AN>*I/S AFT] HIS BLOOD4 ,! ASSASS9ATION ( ! AN>*I/ FAMILY & ITS AFT]MA? SUBSEQU5TLY BECAME KN[N AS ! ,AMAKASU ,9CID5T4 

,ITO HAD BE5 WELL AW>E ( ! CONSEQU5CES ( BE+ AN AN>*I/ 9 ,JAPAN AT ?AT TIME4 ,9 #a#i#a#a1 ! LEAD+ WOMAN AN>*I/ ,KANNO ,SUGA1 ,KOTOKU ,%USUI & T5 O!R AN>*I/S W]E FRAM$ ON FLIMSY *>GES ( ATTEMPT+ TO KILL ! ,EMP]OR & SUBSEQU5TLY EXECUT$4 

,9 HIS AUTOBIOGRAPHY1 ,B]TR& ,RUSSELL REC\NTS H[ HE MET ,ITO ,NOE 9 ,JAPAN 9 #a#i#b#a4 0,%E WAS Y\NG & BEAUTIFUL444 ,DORA .<,B]TR& ,RUSSELL'S WIFE.> SAID TO H]3 ',>E Y\ NOT AFRAID ?AT ! AU?ORITIES WILL DO SOME?+ TO Y\8' ,%E DREW H] H& ACROSS H] ?ROAT1 & SAID1 ',I KN[ !Y WILL SOON] OR LAT]'40 

,S]APH9E ,PAJAUD 7#a#h#e#h-AFT] #a#i#c#d7 

0,Y\ CANNOT TELL ME Y\'VE NEV] HE>D ( ,S]APH9E ,PAJAUD6 444 ,S]APH9E ,PAJAUD 4444 ,IS AN AN>*I/ :O HOLDS MEET+S AGA9/ ! ,>MY1 AGA9/ RELIGION & = ! EMANCIPATION ( WOM54 ,LA/ YE>1 F\R HUNDR$ & FIFTY PEOPLE1 ( :OM TWO HUNDR$ W]E WOM51 LI/5$ TO H] SPEAK+ AT ,LA ,RO*E ,SUR ,YON ON ! 9EXI/5CE ( ,GOD4 ,! NONEXI/5CE ( ,GOD1 NO?+ BUT ?AT60 

- FROM ,MI*EL ,RAGON'S NOVEL ',LE ,CO*] DE ,BOIR\X'4 

0,MADAME ,S]APH9E ,PAJAUD C\LD ALWAYS C\NT ON HAV+ PL5TY ( WOM5 9 H] AUDI5CE2 %E EV5 TOLD ME ?AT IF !RE W]E AS MANY AN>*I/ WOM5 AS M51 ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION W\LD HAVE OP]AT$ ALREADY1 BECAUSE WOM5 >E LESS SELFI%1 LESS C[>DLY & MORE READY = SACRIFICES ?AN M540 

- ,>TICLE 9 ',LE ,REVUE ,MONDIALE' #a#i#d4 

,JULIE ,L\ISE ,PAJAUD WAS BORN 9 #aheh 9 ! ,*>5TES-,M>ITIMES DEP>TM5T ( ,FRANCE4 ,%E APPE>S TO HAVE SUB/ITUT$ ,S]APH9E AS A FIR/ NAME :5 %E BECAME AN AN>*I/4 ,%E LIV$ ) ! AN>*I/ ,M>IE-,GEORGES ,S&RE & A POLICE REPORT ( ! #b#e? ( ,JUNE1 #a#h#i#h1 DESCRIBES !IR RELATION%IP & ?AT !Y HAD A SON4 

,%E BECAME AN ACTIVE AN>*I/ PROPAG&I/ & MAKE FREQU5T SPEAK+ T\RS4 ,AT ! TIME ! ,DREYFUS ,AFFAIR 7:I* BEGAN 9 #ahid & RUMBL$ ON UNTIL ITS RESOLUTION 9 #a#i#f7 CO9CID$ ) A WAVE ( ANTI-CL]ICAL AGITATION BY RADICALS1 SOCIALI/S & AN>*I/S4 ,?IS CULM9AT$ 9 ! SEP>ATION ( ,*UR* & ,/ATE 9 #a#i#e4 ,PAJAUD WAS ONE ( ?OSE AN>*I/S :O ACTIVELY P>TICIPAT$ 9 ?IS SOCIAL F]M5T4 ,9 #ahii %E GAVE A S]IES ( MEET+S 9 ,LIMOGES1 !N MOV+ ON TO SPEAK AT ! NE>BY T[N ( ,/ ,JUNI51 :I* WAS 9 ! PROCESS ( BECOM+ A /RON<OLD ( AN>*ISM4 ,ON ! #a#g? ( ,FEBRU>Y #a#i1 %E SPOKE AT ,M\L9S AT A MEET+ ) ! FOLL[+ !MES3 0,! TRU? TO ! PEOPLE - ,!RE IS NO ,GOD - ,WAYS & MEANS TO A*IEVE COMPLETE EMANCIPATION - ,! POSITIONS ( ,AN>*I/S VIS A VIS CAPITALISM1 NATIONALISM & ANTI-,SEMITISM04 

,%E SPOKE 9 ! M9+ >EA 9 NOR!RN ,FRANCE 9 ,M>* ( ?AT YE>1 :]E %E 9TRODUC$ ! M9+ COMMUNITIES TO RADICAL IDEAS LIKE BIR? CONTROL1 FREE LOVE & ! LIB]ATION ( WOM5 9 SOCIETY4 ,!SE ADVANC$ IDEAS = ! TIME DID NOT APPE> TO ACT AS A DET]R5T1 AS %E HAD CR[DS ( >\ND #be AT ,AUTUN1 ,LE ,CREUSOT & ,MONTCEAU1 ! SAME NUMB] AS REPORT$ = O!R SOCIALI/ & AN>*I/ SPEAK]S4 ,9 ,FEBRU>Y-,M>* #aia %E T\R$ WE/]N ,FRANCE1 VISIT+ ,LE ,MANS1 ,BRE/1 ,MORLAIX1 & ,R5NES4 ,! SAME YE> %E SPOKE TO ! FREE?\<T SOCIETIES ( ,L5S & ,H59-,LIET>D4 ,%E CONDUCT$ A TRIAL ( ,GOD1 D5\NC$ ! 0CL]ICAL SORE0 & DI/RIBUT$ A TRACT BY ! ,G]MAN AN>*I/ ,JOHANN ,MO/ 5TITL$ ',! ,RELIGI\S ,PLAGUE'4 

,ON ! #a/ ,M>*1 #a#i#b1 FOLL[+ A CONF]5CE ON 0! NONEXI/5CE ( ,GOD01 %E WAS CONVICT$ 9 ABS5TIA BY ! ,CRIM9AL ,C\RT ( ,B\LOGNE-SUR-,M] TO SIX MON?S 9 PRISON & A F9E ( #a FRANCS = 09CITEM5T TO MURD]1 LOOT+ & BURN+40 

,9 #aid ,S]APH9E P>TICIPAT$ 9 A NEW LECTURE T\R4 ,%E WAS N[ BAS$ 9 ! ,ISLE ( ,RE1 ,S&RE HAV+ DI$4 ,%E RETURN$ TO ,/ ,JUNI5 9 ,JUNE TO GIVE ANO!R SPEE* AT A CR[D$ MEET+4 ,SPEAK+ 9 ,BRESSUIRE 9 ! DEP>TM5T ( ,DEUX ,SEVRES ON ! #a#a? ( ,SEPTEMB]1 %E BEGAN H] LECTURE ) AN ATTACK AGA9/ ,GOD4 0,GOD DOES NOT EXI/1 CANNOT EXI/1 WE >E N[ F> FROM ! IDEA ( ,GOD01 & CONT9U$ TO WILD APPLAUSE1 0,H[ CAN IT BE >GU$1 CITIZ5S1 ?AT ?IS SO GOOD & FLAWLESS BE+ ALL[S A HEAP ( MEANNESS & A HEAP ( ATROCITIES TO BE COMMITT$ ON E>?8 ,H[ IS IT ?AT HE CAN BE SO UNJU/ AS TO LET PROLET>IANS DIE ( HUNG]1 :IL/ ! B\RGEOIS & ! CAPITALI/S DIE ( 9DIGE/ION80 

,9 #aie %E ADDRESS$ A MEET+ ( #c1 :I* 9CLUD$ #e WOM5 :O W]E GIV5 FREE 5TRY1 M5 PAY+ #c C5TIMES4 ,%E WAS !RE AT ! 9VITATION ( AN ANTI-CL]ICAL SOCIETY1 SET UP ?REE MON?S BE=E4 ,! !ME ( ! MEET+ WAS ',! ,NON-,EXI/5CE ( ,GOD' & 5D$ ) A MASS S++ ( ,! ,9T]NATIONALE4 

,9 ,OCTOB] ( ?AT YE> %E PRES5T$ A NUMB] ( ANTI-W> MEET+S 9 ! ,ALLI] DEP>TM5T 9CLUD+ AT ,MONTLUCON1 ,COMM5TRY1 ,DES]T9ES & ,DOM]AT1 :I* HAD BE5 ORGANIZ$ BY LOCAL AN>*I/ GR\PS4 ,! MEET+ AT ,MONTLUCON1 ON ! #b? ( ,OCTOB]1 ACCORD+ TO A LOCAL POLICE REPORT1 WAS !M$ 0,W> IS A CRIME1 DES]TION 9 AN 9CONSEQU5CE1 REVOLUTION>Y GOV]NM5T IS A /UPIDITY04 ,IT HAD AN AUDI5CE ( >\ND FIFTY PEOPLE4 ,%E ALSO M5TION$ ! REC5T >RE/ ( ! AN>*I/ ,L\IS ,GR&IDI] & ANN\NC$ ! OP5+ ( A DEF5SE FUND4 ,! FOLL[+ DAY AT ,COMM5TRY %E CALL$ ! ,>MY A S*OOL ( VISE & DEF5D] ( ! /RONGBOXES ( ! B\RGEOISIE1 CALL$ ! (FIC] CLASS B&ITS & ASSASS9S1 9CIT$ TO DES]TION & CALL$ = ANTI-MILIT>I/ PROPAG&A 9 ! B>RACKS1 5D+ UP BY CALL+ = ! SUPPRESSION ( ! ,>MIES1 C\NTRIES1 & GOV]NM5TS 0EV50 REVOLUTION>Y ONES 7ACCORD+ TO ANO!R POLICE REPORT74 ,! MEET+ 5D$ UP ) ! S++ ( ! AN>*I/ SONG ,SUPPRIMONS LES ,PATRIES 7,SUPPRESS ,C\NTRIES74 

,AFT] ! LAW ( ! ,SEP>ATION ( ,/ATE & ,*UR*ES WAS PASS$ ON ! #e? ( ,DECEMB]1 #a#i#e1 %E T\R$ ! ,P]IGORD4 ,AT ,MONTIGNAC SUR ,VEZ]E %E WAS *E]$ BY A CR[D ( ONE ?\S&1 :IL/ AT ,SA9T ,LEON-SUR ,VEZ]E1 WOM5 BANG+ COOK+ POTS & SAUCEPANS WELCOM$ H]4 

,9 #aif %E WAS >RE/$ 9 ,ALES 9 ! ,G>D 9 S\!RN ,FRANCE = ! D\BLE *>GE ( 0APOLOGY = CRIME0 & 09SULT+ ! >MY40 

,M>TIAL ,DESM\L9S1 :O MI/AK5LY GIVES H] ! FIR/ NAME ,AMELIE1 REC\NT$ H[ HE MET H] AT ! HOME ( A FRI5D ! ,JEWI% AN>*I/ ,ALEX&RE ,JACOB 9 ,NICE AT ! BEG9N+ ( ! #a#i#cS4 ,SEBA/I5 ,FAURE1 ANO!R AN>*I/ VET]AN CAME D[N ON A VISIT1 & ! PAIR REC\NT$ !IR MEMORIES ACCORD+ TO ,DESM\L9S4 ,%E >RANG$ H] MEET+S FROM T[N TO T[N 0(T5 NOT HAV+ 5\< MONEY TO GO TO A HOTEL & TAKE ! TRA91 SLEEP+ 9 B>NS & GO+ ON ! TRAMP04 ,%E HAD VISIT$ EV]Y DEP>TM5T 9 ,FRANCE B> TWO4 ,%E HAD WELCOM$ ! BIR? ( ! ,C,G,T ) WOND]1 HAD TAK5 P>T 9 ITS BIR? & ORGANIZATION1 & HAD !N BELIEV$ ?AT ! REVOLUTION WAS DAYS & MON?S AWAY4 ,DESM\L9S W5T ON TO SAY ?AT %E RETIR$ TO H] HOME >EA ( ,*>5TES-,M>ITIMES 9 #aicd & 9DE$ ! AN>*I/ ,&RE ,LORULOT RAN 9TO H] AT ,LA ,RO*ELLE 9 ?AT YE>4 

,M>IA ,RODA 7#a#h#g#g-#a#i887 

0,:O KN[S POV]TY MORE ?AN WOMAN80 

- ,M>IA ,RODA4 

0,LET'S %[ TO ! MAN :O SUPPRESSES \R WILL1 :O DOES NOT ALL[ US TO ?9K & ACT FREELY1 :O CONSID]S US 9F]IOR TO HIM1 IMPOS+ ON US HIS AU?ORITY1 AS FA!R1 BRO!R & HUSB&1 &1 BELIEV+ HIMSELF /RONG] ?AN US1 TRAMPLES US1 OPPRESSES US1 & SOMETIMES EV5 HITS US 4444 ,LET'S %[ HIM ?AT WE WANT FRE$OM & EQUALITY TOO40 

- ,M>IA ,RODA4 

0,M>IA ,RODDA 7SIC7 WAS ! MO/ EXQUISITE CREATURE ,I HAVE EV] SE54 ,%E WAS ( M$IUM HEI<T1 & H] WELL-%AP$ HEAD1 COV]$ ) BLACK CURLS1 RE/$ LIKE A LILY ( ! VALLEY ON H] SL5D] NECK4 ,H] FACE WAS PALE1 H] LIPS CORAL-R$4 ,P>TICUL>LY /RIK+ W]E H] EYES3 L>GE BLACK COALS FIR$ BY AN 9N] LI<T444,M>IA PROV$ A V]ITABLE RAY ( SUNLI<T TO ME40 

- ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN ',LIV+ ,MY ,LIFE'4 

,M>IA ,RODA WAS BORN 9 ! T[N ( ,COMO 9 ! ,LOMB>DY REGION ( ,ITALY 9 #a#h#g#g1 ! DAU<T] ( ,CES>E ,BALZ>9I ,RODA & ,MONTI ,LUIGIA4 ,%E LE>N$ SILK WEAV+ FROM H] FA!R1 :O WAS A TEXTILE WORK] & MILITANT AN>*I/1 ONE ( ! MO/ ACTIVE 9 ,COMO4 ,%E F\ND WORK AS A TE5AG] 9 ! LOCAL MILLS4 ,H] FA!R'S H\SE WAS A MEET+ PLACE = LOCAL COMRADES OR AN>*I/S JU/ PASS+ ?R\<1 RECORD$ ! POLICE :O HAD IT UND] SURVEILLANCE4 ,CES>E HAD 5C\RAG$ HIS F\R DAU<T]S TO 9T]E/ !MSELVES 9 ! IDEALS ( AN>*ISM1 & !Y SANG AN>*I/ SONGS AS !Y WALK$ ON ! /REETS4 

,! FAMILY EV5TUALLY MOV$ TO ,MILAN1 A CITY ?AT (F]$ BETT] WAGES & EMPLOYM5T OPPORTUNITIES4 ,?\< ONLY 9 H] TE5S1 %E WAS F9$ & IMPRISON$ = A P]IOD ( ?REE MON?S = H] ACTIVITY DUR+ A /RIKE %E HAD HELP$ ORGANIZE 9 ! MILL :]E %E WORK$4 ,! ,FR5* AN>*I/ ,ZO D',AXA1 ON ! RUN FROM ! ,FR5* AU?ORITIES WROTE AB\T ! TRIAL ( ! Y\NG AN>*I/ GIRLS1 ,]NE/A ,QU>TIROLA AG$ #ad & ,M>IA AG$ #ae SAY+ ?AT !Y HAD 9CIT$ ! DEMON/RATORS TO ATTACK ! POLICE4 ,M>IA SAID 9 C\RT 9 REPLY TO ! C\RT3 0,I PITY ?IS GU>D4 ,I PITY HIM BECAUSE HE B>ELY E>NS HIS BREAD1 BECAUSE HE'S A POOR DEVIL4 ,BUT IT IMPRESSES ME TO SEE HIM GO AFT] O!R POOR DEVILS1 HIS BRO!RS444LET HIM ?9K AB\T ?IS40 ,!Y EA* RECEIV$ ?REE MON?S IMPRISONM5T = ?IS AS WELL AS HEAVY F9ES4 ,ZO REM>K$1 0,IT IS SAID OV] & OV] ?AT ,MILAN IS A LITTLE ,P>IS4 ,! MAGI/RATES ( ,MILAN PROVE ?IS1 AT LEA/ ON ONE PO9T2 !Y >E EV]Y BIT AS REPUGNANT AS !IR ,P>ISIAN CONFR]ES04 

,9 ,MILAN1 ,M>IA MET ,MALATE/A AT AN AN>*I/ CONGRESS1 AS WELL AS ! ,SPANI% ,CATALAN AN>*I/ ,P$RO ,E/EVE1 :O WAS LAT] TO BE H] LIFE LONG COMPANION4 ,AT SOME PO9T ,M>IA MOV$ TO ,FRANCE4 ,!RE %E WAS >RE/$ ALONG ) O!R MEMB]S ( AN AN>*I/ GR\P1 FOLL[+ ! ASSASS9ATION ( ,PRESID5T ,SADI ,C>NOT ( ,FRANCE BY ONE ( ! GR\P'S MEMB]S1 ,SANTE ,CAS]IO4 ,M>IA HAD GONE TO S*OOL ) ,CAS]IO :]E BO? HAD BE5 TAU<T BY ! FI]Y SOCIALI/ POET ,ADA ,NEGRI4 ,ON H] RELEASE1 %E IMMIGRAT$ TO ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 >RIV+ !RE ) H] FA!R & A Y\NG] SI/] 9 #ahib AFT] /AYS 9 ,PORTUGAL & ,5GL&4 ,%E & H] FA!R JO9$ ! ,GRUPPO ,DIRITTO ALL',ESI/5ZA :I* 9CLUD$ ,M>IA ,B>BI]I & O!R ,ITALIAN AN>*I/ IMMIGRANTS4 ,%E BEGAN TO ORGANIZE TEXTILE WORK]S 9 ,PAT]SON4 ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN HE>D H] SPEAK ALONGSIDE ,VOLTAIR9E DE ,CLEYRE & ! ,5GLI% AN>*I/ ,*>LES ,M[BRAY AT A MEET+ SET UP TO WELCOME ,GOLDMAN HOME FOLL[+ H] RELEASE FROM ,BLACKWELL'S ,ISL&4 ,RODA ADDRESS$ ! ,ITALIAN COMRADES PRES5T 9 ! HALL TO WELCOME ,EMMA HOME AFT] H] T]M ( IMPRISONM5T4 ,A SKILL$ ORATOR & ORGANIZ] %E ALSO WROTE = ',LA ,QUE/IONE ,SOCIALE'1 ORGAN ( ! ,PAT]SON GR\P4 

,M>IA HELP$ F\ND A GRUPPO AN>*ICO FEM9ILE 7AN>*I/ WOM5'S GR\P7 CALL$ ! ,GRUPPO ,EMANCIPAZIONE DELLA ,DONNA 7,WOM5'S ,EMANCIPATION ,GR\P7 9 #a#h#i#g4 ,ANN\NC+ ?AT WOM5 W]E MEET+ SEP>ATELY 9 ',LA ,QUE/ION ,SOCIALE' %E WROTE 0& IT IS RI<T BECAUSE WE FEEL & SUFF]2 WE TOO WANT TO IMM]SE \RSELVES 9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ ?IS SOCIETY1 BECAUSE WE TOO FEEL FROM BIR?1 ! NE$ TO BE FREE1 TO BE EQUAL04 ,IT HAD CONNECTIONS ) ,FR5* FEM9I/S ?R\< A J\RNAL CALL$ ',FEM9I/ ,ACTION' />T$ BY ,L\ISE ,REVILLE4 ,OV] ! NEXT DECADE 9TO ! E>LY #a#iS ! GR\P E/ABLI%$ L9KS ) A SIMIL> WOMAN'S GR\P 9 ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY & E/ABLI%$ A NETWORK ) O!R WOM5 WORK]S ?R\<\T ! ,/ATES & 9T]NATIONALLY4 ,?IS 9CLUD$ 9 ,PHILADELPHIA & ,BO/ON & AMONG ! M9+ COMMUNITIES ( ,P5NSYLVANIA1 ,ILL9OIS & ,V]MONT4 

,!Y DISCUSS$ & WROTE AB\T ! SPECIFIC PROBLEMS & /RUGGLES ( WOM5 :IL/ UNIT+ ) M5 9 ! COMMON /RUGGLE ( ! WORK]S MOVEM5T & ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 ,ITALIAN AN>*I/ WOM5 =M$ ONE ( ! FIR/ LOCALS ( ! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD 9 ,PAT]SON4 

,M>IA MOV$ 9 ) ,P$RO ,E/EVE :O ALONG ) ! ,ITALIAN ,PIETRO ,GORI HAD E/ABLI%$ ',LA ,QUE/IONE ,SOCIALE'4 

,:ILE RAIS+ EI<T *ILDR5 & WORK+ 9 ! SILK MILLS1 ,M>IA & ,P$RO BECAME LEAD+ LI<TS )9 ! AN>*I/ & WORK]S MOVEM5T 9 ,PAT]SON4 ,M>IA & ,P$RO REGUL>LY W5T TO ,TAMPA & ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY TO HELP ! /RUGGLES ( ,PU]TO ,RICAN1 ,MEXICAN1 ,CUBAN1 ,SPANI%1 & ,ITALIAN TEXTILE1 CIG>1 & DOCK WORK]S4 

,ACCORD+ TO H] SON ,SIRIO %E TURN$ TO ,ROSICRUCIANISM 9 LAT] YE>S4 

,M>IA ,ZAZZI 7#a#i#d-#a#i#i#c7 

0,! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T IS ALWAYS MY PO9T ( REF]5CE1 ! IDEA IS ALWAYS ! SAME & ,I AM HAPPY TO SEE Y\NG COMRADES WORK ) CONVICTION0 

- ,M>IA ,ZAZZI4 

,BORN ON ! #a? ( ,JUNE1 #a#i#d1 AT ,COLI1 9 ,ITALY1 ,M>IA ,ZAZZI EMIGRAT$ TO ,FRANCE AT ! AGE ( #ai TO JO9 H] BRO!R ,LUIGI1 :OSE WIFE HAD JU/ DI$4 ,LUIGI WAS A MAXIMALI/ SOCIALI/ & HAD FL$ ,ITALY TO ESCAPE FASCI/ P]SECUTION4 ,M>IA !N MOV$ TO ,P>IS1 :]E %E MOV$ 9 ,ITALIAN EXILE CIRCLES4 ,%E MOV$ T[>DS AN>*ISM1 & E/ABLI%$ A RELATION%IP ) ! ,BOLOGNESE AN>*I/ ,>M&O ,MALAGUTI4 ,H] 9VOLVEM5T 9 PROPAG&A & SOLID>ITY WORK WAS MU* APPRECIAT$ 9 ?IS EXILE COMMUNITY1 AMONG :I* %E HAD A GOOD FRI5D%IP ) ! ,B]N]I AN>*I/ FAMILY4 

,%E WAS AMONG ! FEW AN>*I/ WOM5 ACTIVI/S & GA9$ RESPECT = H] 5]GETIC ACTIVITY & H] /RONG P]SONALITY4 ,! ,FR5* AU?ORITIES EXPELL$ ,MALAGUTI AT ! BEG9N+ ( #aibg & %E MOV$ ) HIM TO ,LUXEMB\RG1 & !N TO ,BELGIUM4 ,AT ,BRUSSELS1 ,M>IA GOT TO KN[ ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/ ,IDA ,METT & H] COMPANION ,NICOLAS ,LAZ>EVIT*1 & !N ,BU5AV5TURA ,DURRUTI & ,FRANCISCO ,ASCASO4 ,ONE MEMB] ( ! GR\P 9 :I* %E WAS 9VOLV$ WAS ! UNIV]SITY PR(ESSOR ,GIULIO ,MANON1 :O WAS S5T5C$ TO #a YE>S = PUTT+ A BOMB 9 ! H\SE ( A JUDGE :O HAD H&$ \T A HEAVY S5T5CE TO A Y\NG AN>*I/4 

,%E WAS HEAVILY 9VOLV$ 9 PROPAG&A WORK & VISIT$ PRISON]S1 PRET5D+ TO BE !IR AUNT1 E>N+ H] ! NICKNAME ( ,AUNT ,M>IE6 

,%E WAS ACTIVE 9 ,BRUSSELS1 ALONGSIDE ,ANGELO ,SB>DELLOTTO & ,BRUNO ,GUAL&I 9 ! DEF5SE CAMPAIGN ( ,ITALIAN AN>*I/S ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI1 :I* 5D$ ON ! DAY ( !IR EXECUTION ) A G5]AL /RIKE 9 ,BELGIUM 9 :I* WORK]S TURN$ \T 5 MASSE DESPITE ! DISAPPROVAL ( ! UNION (FICIALS4 ,?IS WAS 9 NO SMALL WAY ?ANKS TO ! ACTIVITIES ( ! ?REE COMRADES :O HAD HEAVILY LEAFLET$ ! TRAMS 9 ,BRUSSELS AT RU% H\R TIME1 :IL/ ! UNION BUREAUCRATS DID LITTLE TO MOBILIZE4 

,HUNT$ D[N BY ! ,BELGIAN POLICE1 ,M>IA & ,>M&O LEFT = ,P>IS 9 #a#i#c#b4 ,!RE !Y MET ,UKRA9IAN =M] GU]RILLA ,NE/OR ,MAKNO & ,VOL94 ,UP UNTIL #a#i#c#f1 ! C\PLE W5T BETWE5 ,BRUSSELS & ,P>IS4 ,M>IA REM>K$ AB\T ALL !SE \T/&+ AN>*I/S ?AT %E HAD MET ?AT !Y W]E ALL EXTRAORD9>Y1 ALL MODE/ & %>+ AN EXCEPTIONAL CAM>AD]IE4 ,! PRESS DEPICT$ !M AS PEOPLE ( ACTION1 BUT !Y W]E AS AT HOME ) IDEAS & W]E ALL ABLE TO DEF5D !MSELVES WELL 9 DEBATE4 

,9 ,AUGU/ #a#i#c#f1 AFT] ! />T ( ! ,SPANI% ,CIVIL ,W> & ,REVOLUTION ,>M&O 5ROLL$ 9 ! ,ASCASO ,COLUMN 9 ,SPA9 & HE F\<T AT ,MONTE ,PELATO ON ! ,>AGON ,FRONT4 ,M>IA MOV$ TO ,B>CELONA TO TAKE P>T 9 ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,= ,M>IA >RIV+ 9 ,B>CELONA WAS LIKE 5T]+ ANO!R WORLD :]E ONE LIV$ 9 FULL SOLID>ITY & COMRADE%IP4 ,MALAGUTI WAS >RE/$ 9 ,FRANCE 9 ,M>* #aicg :IL/ ON LEAVE 9 ,FRANCE & ,M>IA RETURN$ TO ,P>IS TO >RANGE SUPPORT = ! RETURN+ COMRADES1 F9D+ %ELT] & DOCUM5TS = !M4 

,) ! ,G]MAN 9VASION ,M>IA WAS >RE/$ BY ! ,GE/APO & 9T]ROGAT$ = ?REE DAYS AB\T ! :]EAB\TS ( ,>M&O1 :I* %E REFUS$ TO DIVULGE4 ,>M&O WAS SOON >RE/$ & DEPORT$ TO A CONC5TRATION CAMP 9 ,G]MANY1 & LAT] MOV$ TO ,V5TOT5E 9 ,ITALY4 ,9 #aidb ,M>IA H]SELF TRI$ TO CROSS ! ,ITALIAN BORD] & EV5TUALLY GOT TO ,V5TOT5E4 ,SUBSEQU5TLY ,>M&O WAS TRANSF]R$ TO ,U/ICA & !N TO ! CONC5TRATION CAMP ( ,R5ICCI D',AN<I>I FROM :I* HE ESCAP$ ON ! #h? ( ,SEPTEMB]1 #a#i#d#c4 ,! C\PLE !N WORK$ 9 ,BOLOGNA 9 ANTI-FASCI/ ACTIVITY4 

,>M&O DI$ 9 #aiee & ,M>IA E/ABLI%$ A RELATION%IP ) ! AN>*I/ ,ALFONSO 0,LIB]O0 ,FANTAZZ9I1 :O HAD F\<T AS A P>TISAN & :O %E WAS ALREADY ACQUA9T$ FROM H] EXILE YE>S4 ,!IR HOME BECAME AN IMPORTANT REF]5CE PO9T = AN>*I/S LIV+ 9 ,BOLOGNA OR VISIT+1 ?ANKS TO ! HOSPITALITY ( ! TWO OLD MILITANTS4 ,DESPITE H] FRAGILE APPE>ANCE ,M>IA MA9TA9$ A CONTAGI\S 5]GY4 ,%E HAD A QUASI-MAT]NAL ROLE = ! Y\NG MILITANTS ( ! NEW G5]ATION & BECAME A TUTOR ( ,LIB]O'S SON1 ,HOR/ - LAT] FAM\S = HIS EXPLOITS AS 0! G5TLEMAN BANK-ROBB]0 & HIS LONG P]IODS ( IMPRISONM5T6 

,DUR+ ! #a#i#gS %E WAS ACTIVE 9 AGITAT+ = ! RELEASE ( FRAM$ AN>*I/ ,VALPR$A4 ,%E TOOK P>T 9 ! CONF]5CES & MEET+S ( ! ,ITALIAN ,AN>*I/ ,F$]ATION UP TILL ! #hS :5 %E WAS /RUCK D[N ) A GRAVE =M ( P>ESIS4 ,H] ILLNESS & ! IMPRISONM5T ( HIS SON CAUS$ A RAPID PSY*O-PHYSICAL DET]IORATION 9 ! HEAL? ( ,FANTAZZ9I & HE DI$ ON ! #a#d? ( ,DECEMB]1 #a#i#h#e4 ,M>IA SP5T ! LA/ YE>S ( H] LIFE 9 A HOSPICE1 DY+ 9 ,BOLOGNA ON ! #e? ( ,JANU>Y1 #a#i#i#c4 

,APP5DIX3 ,WOM5 & ,AN>*ISM 

0.<,WE.> WOM5 MU/ SIMPLY TAKE \R PLACE )\T BEGG+ = IT40 

- ,L\ISE ,MI*EL4 

,AT FIR/ SI<T1 ! COMPATIBILITY ( AN>*ISM & WOM5'S LIB]ATION SEEMS CLE>4 ,AN>*ISM PROCLAIMS ITSELF AGA9/ ALL HI]>*IES :I* W\LD 9CLUDE ! OPPRESSION ( WOM54 

,MI*AEL ,BAKUN91 A F\ND+ FIGURE ( ,AN>*ISM1 WAS TO SAY3 0,OPPRESS$ WOM56 ,Y\R CAUSE IS 9DISSOLUBLY TI$ TO ! COMMON CAUSE ( ALL ! EXPLOIT$ WORK]S -- M5 & WOM560 & CALLS = ! EMANCIPATION ( WOM5 >E 9CLUD$ 9 ! V>I\S PROGRAMS DEVELOP$ BY ,BAKUN9 & HIS ASSOCIATES 9 ! #a#h#fS & #a#h#gS4 ,= 9/ANCE1 WE CAN READ 9 ! ,PR9CIPLES & ,ORGANIZATION ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,BRO!RHOOD 7#a#h#f#f7 ?AT3 

0,WOMAN1 DIFF]+ FROM MAN BUT NOT 9F]IOR TO HIM1 9TELLIG5T1 9DU/RI\S1 & FREE LIKE HIM1 IS DECL>$ HIS EQUAL BO? 9 RI<TS & 9 POLITICAL & SOCIAL FUNCTIONS & DUTIES40 ,HE WAS TO NOTE ?AT 0,9 ! EYES ( ! LAW EV5 ! BE/ $UCAT$1 TAL5T$1 9TELLIG5T WOMAN IS 9F]IOR TO EV5 ! MO/ IGNORANT MAN40 

,BAKUN9 >GU$ = ! SEXUAL FRE$OM ( WOM51 REM>K+ ?AT ! ,LAW SUBJECTS WOM5 TO 0! ABSOLUTE DOM9ATION ( ! MAN0 .<#a.>4 ,H[EV]1 ,BAKUN9 HIMSELF WAS AS MU* A P$DL] ( \TMOD$ VIEWS AS O!RS4 ,AT A D9N] 9 ,ZURI*1 HE NOTIC$ A WOMAN DR9K+ A GLASS ( W9E & REM>K$ ?AT HE DID NOT APPROVE ( WOM5 DR9K+4 ,A DISCUSSION ON WOM5'S RI<TS FOLL[$ ) ,BAKUN9 /ILL MA9TA9+ ?AT HE DID NOT LIKE TO SEE WOM5 DR9K+ & SMOK+6 ,?IS GRAPHICALLY ILLU/RATES ! CLA% BETWE5 !ORIES ( EMANCIPATION & ! DEAD WEI<T ( ANTIQUAT$ IDEAS 5%R9$ AS CU/OM & /]EOTYPE4 ,=TUNATELY1 WOM5 9 ! MA9 FROM ! ,RUSSIAN >I/OCRACY & 9TELLIG5TSIA HAD BEGUN TO TAKE AN ACTIVE & C\RAGE\S P>T 9 REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5TS & W]E PIONE]S 9 EMANCIPAT$ BEHAVIOR4 

,:ILE AT LEA/ ,BAKUN9 HAD1 9 !ORY1 5LI<T5$ VIEWS ON ! LIB]ATION ( WOM51 HIS PRECURSOR ! ,FR5*MAN ,PI]RE-,JOSEPH ,PR\DHON WAS DEEPLY REACTION>Y 9 ?IS RESPECT4 ,HE BLU/]$ ?AT 0,G5IUS IS VIRILITY ( SPIRIT & ITS ACCOMPANY+ P[]S ( AB/RACTION1 G5]ALIZATION1 CREATION1 & CONCEPTION2 ! *ILD1 ! EUNU*1 & ! WOMAN LACK !SE GIFTS 9 EQUAL MEASURE40 ,WOMAN WAS CREAT$ BY NATURE M]ELY AS A ORGANISM = REPRODUCTION1 & %E WAS PHYSICALLY 9F]IOR TO ,MAN4 ,PR\DHON BACK$ !SE VIEWS UP ) V>I\S PSEUDO-SCI5TIFIC !ORIES4 ,\TSIDE ( A REPRODUCTIVE ROLE WOMAN HAD NO REASON TO EXI/ & CO/ MORE TO ,MAN ?AN HE E>NS4 ,WOMAN HAD ONLY TWO ROLES OP5 TO H] 0H\SEWIFE OR H>LOT04 ,HE W5T ON TO SAY ?AT ! KILL+ ( WIVES WAS JU/IFI$ = SU* ?+S AS 0ADULT]Y1 IMPUD5CE1 TREASON1 DRUNK5NESS OR DEBAU*]Y1 WA/EFULNESS OR !FT1 & P]SI/5T 9SUBORD9ATION40 ,PR\DHON LAC$ !SE FULM9ATIONS ) TIRADES AGA9/ LE*]Y & P$]A/Y 7,ABOVE QUOTES FROM ,LA JU/ICE DANS LA REVOLUTION ET DANS L'EGLISE1 #a#h#e#h74 

,PR\DHON'S VIEWS ON WOM5 W]E TO BE /RONGLY CONTE/$ BY ,JULIETTE ,LAMB]T 7,ADAM7 :O REPLI$ ) H] BOOK ,IDEES ,ANTI- ,PR\DHONNI5NES SUR LA FEMME1 L'AM\R ET LE M>RIAGE1 ,ANTI- ,PR\DHONI/ IDEAS ON ,WOMAN 1 ,LOVE & ,M>RIAGE 7#a#h#e#h71 :O CA/IGAT$ 0M5 LIKE ,PR\DHON1 :O WANT TO RETURN US TO PATRI>*Y BY IMPRISON+ WOM5 9 ! FAMILY01 BY ,J5NY D',H]IC\RT :O /AT$ ?AT ,PR\DHON SAW ,WOMAN AS A 0A P]PETUAL 9VALID1 :O %\LD BE %UT UP 9 A GYNOCEUM 9 COMPANY ) A DAIRY MAID0 7,LA ,FEMME ,AFFRAN*IE1 #a#h#f7 & BY ,JOSEPH ,DEJACQUE1 :O HAD F> MORE REVOLUTION>Y & ADVANC$ VIEWS ?AN ,PR\DHON4 ,AS ,DEJACQUE REM>K$ 9 #a#h#h#b3 

0,IS IT POSSIBLE1 GREAT PUBLICI/1 ?AT UND] Y\R LION'S SK9 SO MU* ( ! ASS MAY BE F\ND8 .<444.> ,FA!R ,PR\DHON1 %ALL ,I SAY IT8 ,:5 Y\ TALK ( WOM5 Y\ APPE> LIKE A COLLEGE BOY :O TALKS V]Y L\DLY & 9 A HI< KEY1 AT R&OM & ) IMP]T95CE1 9 ORD] TO APPE> LE>N$1 AS Y\ DO TO Y\R CALL[ HE>]S1 & :O LIKE Y\ KN[S NOT ! FIR/ ?+ ( ! MATT] HE IS TALK+ AB\T .<444.> ,LI/51 ,MA/] ,PR\DHON6 ,BE=E Y\ TALK ( WOMAN1 /UDY H]2 GO TO S*OOL4 ,/OP CALL+ Y\RSELF AN AN>*I/1 OR BE AN AN>*I/ CLE> ?R\<4 ,TALK TO US1 IF Y\ WI% TO1 ( ! UNKN[N & ! KN[N1 ( ,GOD :O IS EVIL1 ( PROP]TY :I* IS ROBB]Y2 BUT :5 Y\ TALK ( MAN DO NOT MAKE HIM AN AUTOCRATIC DIV9ITY1 = ,I WILL ANSW] Y\ ?AT MAN IS EVIL4 ,ATTRIBUTE NOT TO HIM A /OCK ( 9TELLIG5CE :I* BELONGS TO HIM ONLY BY RI<T ( CONQUE/1 BY ! COMM]CE ( LOVE1 BY USURY ON ! CAPITAL ?AT COMES 5TIRELY FROM WOMAN & IS ! PRODUCT ( ! S\L )9 H]4 ,D>E NOT TO ATTRIBUTE TO HIM ?AT :I* HE HAS D]IV$ FROM ANO!R OR ,I WILL ANSW] Y\ 9 Y\R [N WORDS3 0,PROP]TY IS ROBB]Y0 .<444.> ,RAISE Y\R VOICE1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 AGA9/ ! EXPLOITATION ( WOMAN BY MAN0 .<#b.>4 ,AS ! AN>*I/ ,ELISEE ,RECLUS WAS TO LAT] SAY DISAPPROV+LY AB\T ,PR\DHON 04444HIS WORDS ON WOM5 >E /ILL = ALL ( US ?OSE :I* WEI< MO/ HEAVILY40 

,WOM5 W]E TO 5T] ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T PRECISELY BECAUSE !Y W]E ATTRACT$ BY !SE NEW LIB]AT+ IDEAS ( EMANCIPATION & EQUALITY4 ,EV]Y:]E !Y W]E =C$ TO FI<T AGA9/ ! HIDEB\ND ATTITUDES & PREJUDICES ( !IR MALE COMRADES4 ,NEV]!LESS !Y P]SI/$4 ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN1 ,VOLTAIR9E DE ,CLEYRE1 ,L\ISE ,MI*EL1 & ,LUCY ,P>SONS >E ! NAMES ?AT COME TO M9D IF ONE ?9KS ( AN>*I/ WOM5 BUT !RE W]E MANY O!RS JU/ AS DET]M9$1 DEVOT$ & C\RAGE\S4 ,?IS PAMPHLET MAKES AN ATTEMPT TO ILLUM9ATE ! LIVES ( !SE LESS] KN[N WOM5 AN>*I/S 7& PRECISELY BECAUSE !Y HAVE RECEIV$ SO MU* ATT5TION ELSE:]E IS ! REASON = BIOGRAPHIES ( ,GOLDMAN ET AL NOT TO BE 9CLUD$ H]E74 

,! GREAT ,FR5* AN>*I/ & ,COMMUN>D ,L\ISE ,MI*EL WAS TO SAY3 

0,! FIR/ ?+ ?AT MU/ *ANGE IS ! RELATION%IP BETWE5 ! SEXES4 ,HUMANITY HAS TWO P>TS1 M5 & WOM51 & WE \<T TO BE WALK+ H& 9 H&2 9/EAD !RE IS ANTAGONISM1 & IT WILL LA/ AS LONG AS ! '/RONG]' HALF CONTROLS1 OR ?9KS IT CONTROLS1 ! 'WEAK]' HALF40 .<#c.> 

,:ILE A MOD]N UND]/&+ ( G5D] CONTRADICTS ! IDEA ( !RE BE+ TWO ESS5TIAL G5D]S1 ! CORE ( ?IS IDEA ?AT WE MU/ FI<T AGA9/ SY/EMS ( OPPRESSION BAS$ UPON G5D]$ TRAITS HOLDS TRUE4 

,:5 WOM5 9 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T BEGAN TO ORGANIZE 9DEP5D5TLY1 AS 9 ,>G5T9A & ,SPA91 !Y MET ) OPPOSITION FROM SOME ( !IR MALE C\NT]P>TS4 ,9 ,>G5T9A1 AN>*I/ WOM5 ORGANIZ$ >\ND ! NEWSPAP] ',LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ]' 7,WOMAN'S ,VOICE74 ,TO QUOTE ',NO ,GOD1 ,NO ,BOSS1 ,NO ,HUSB&' .<#d.>3 0,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ] DESCRIB$ ITSELF AS 0D$ICAT$ TO ! ADVANCEM5T ( ,COMMUNI/ ,AN>*ISM40 ,ITS C5TRAL !ME WAS ?AT ( ! MULTIPLE NATURE ( WOM5'S OPPRESSION4 ,AN $ITORIAL ASS]T$1 0,WE BELIEVE ?AT 9 PRES5T-DAY SOCIETY NO?+ & NOBODY HAS A MORE WRET*$ SITUATION ?AN UN=TUNATE WOM540 ,WOM51 !Y SAID1 W]E D\BLY OPPRESS$ - BY B\RGEOIS SOCIETY & BY M504 ,?IS WAS GREET$ 5?USIA/ICALLY 9 SOME QU>T]S ( ! ,>G5T9EAN MOVEM5T4 ,H[EV]1 AN >TICLE 9 ',LA ,VOZ DE ,LA ,MUJ]' 9DICAT$ FI]CE OPPOSITION TOO3 

0,:5 WE WOM51 UNWOR?Y & IGNORANT AS WE >E1 TOOK ! 9ITIATIVE & PUBLI%$ ,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ]1 WE %\LD HAVE KN[N1 ,OH MODEM ROGUES1 H[ Y\ W\LD RESPOND ) Y\R OLD ME*ANI/IC PHILOSOPHY TO \R 9ITIATIVE4 ,Y\ %\LD HAVE REALIZ$ ?AT WE /UPID WOM5 HAVE 9ITIATIVE & ?AT IS ! PRODUCT ( ?\<T4 ,Y\ KN[ - WE ALSO ?9K 444 ,! FIR/ NUMB] ( ,LA ,VOZ DE LA ,MUJ] APPE>$ & ( C\RSE1 ALL HELL BROKE LOOSE3 ',EMANCIPATE WOM58 ,= :AT8' ',EMANCIPATE WOM58 ,NOT ON Y\R NELLY6' 444 ',LET \R EMANCIPATION COME FIR/1 & !N1 :5 WE M5 >E EMANCIPAT$ & FREE1 WE %ALL SEE AB\T Y\RS40 .<#e.>4 

,! EM]G5CE 9 ,SPA9 ( ! LIB]T>IAN WOM5'S ORGANIZATION ,MUJ]ES ,LIBRES DUR+ ! ,REVOLUTION & ,CIVIL ,W> BR\<T SIMIL> CONTROV]SIES4 ,AS ,M>?A ,A4 ,ACKELSB]G NOT$ 9 ',SEP>ATE & EQUAL3 ,MUJ]ES ,LIBRES & AN>*I/ /RATEGY = WOM5'S EMANCIPATION' .<#f.>3 

0,:ILE COMMITT$ TO ! CREATION ( AN EGALIT>IAN SOCIETY1 ,SPANI% AN>*I/S EXHIBIT$ A COMPLEX ATTITUDE T[>D ! SUBORD9ATION ( WOM54 ,SOME >GU$ ?AT WOM5'S SUBORD9ATION /EMM$ FROM ! DIVISION ( LABOR BY SEX1 FROM WOM5'S 0DOME/ICATION0 & CONSEQU5T EXCLUSION FROM ! PAID LABOR =CE4 ,TO OV]COME IT1 WOM5 W\LD HAVE TO JO9 ! LABOR =CE AS WORK]S1 ALONG ) M51 & /RUGGLE 9 UNIONS TO IMPROVE ! POSITION ( ALL WORK]S4 ,O!RS 9SI/$ ?AT WOM5'S SUBORD9ATION WAS ! RESULT ( BROAD CULTURAL PH5OM5A1 & REFLECT$ A DEVALUATION ( WOM5 & !IR ACTIVITIES M$IAT$ ?R\< 9/ITUTIONS SU* AS FAMILY & *UR*4 ,?AT DEVALUATION W\LD 5D1 ALONG ) ?OSE 9/ITUTIONS1 ) ! E/ABLI%M5T ( AN>*I/ SOCIETY4 

,BUT ! SUBORD9ATION ( WOM5 WAS AT BE/ A P]IPH]AL CONC]N ( ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T AS A :OLE4 ,MO/ AN>*I/S REFUS$ TO RECOGNIZE ! SPECIFICITY ( WOM5'S SUBORD9ATION1 & FEW M5 W]E WILL+ TO GIVE UP ! P[] OV] WOM5 !Y HAD 5JOY$ = SO LONG4 ,AS ! NATIONAL SECRET>Y ( ! ,C,N,T WROTE 9 #a#i#c#e1 9 RESPONSE TO A S]IES ( >TICLES ON ! WOM5'S ISSUE3 0,WE KN[ IT IS MORE PLEASANT TO GIVE ORD]S ?AN TO OBEY4444 ,BETWE5 ! WOMAN & ! MAN ! SAME ?+ OCCURS4 ,! MALE FEELS MORE SATISFI$ HAV+ A S]VANT TO MAKE HIS FOOD1 WA% HIS CLO!S4444 ,?AT IS REALITY4 ,&1 9 ! FACE ( ?AT1 TO ASK ?AT M5 C$E .<!IR PRIVILEGES.> IS TO DREAM40 

,! ATTITUDE ( ,SATURN9O ,C>OD1 A LEAD] ( AN AN>*I/ COLUMN ON ! ,>AGON FRONT1 SUMS UP ! ATTITUDES ( MANY MALE AN>*I/S TO ! QUE/ION ( WOM5'S LIB]ATION 9 A SOCIETY DEEPLY 9FUS$ ) ATTITUDES ( MA*ISMO & MALE SUP]IORITY4 ,HE WAS TO SAY3 0,DESPITE EV]Y?+ ?AT IS SAID AB\T ! LIB]ATION ( WOM51 ONE MU/ TAKE 9TO ACC\NT WOMAN'S SOCIAL ROLE1 P>TICUL>LY AS MO!R1 & PROTECT H] FROM ! SORT ( WORK ?AT REQUIRES GREAT /R5G?4 ,IT WAS NOT RI<T ?AT A S+LE WOMAN :O NE$$ TO E>N H] LIV+ HAD TO WORK ! L& LIKE A MAN4440 .<#g.> 

,TODAY WE >E /ILL FAC$ ) MANY PROBLEMS ?AT HAVE TO BE OV]COME4 ,REC5T REVELATIONS )9 ! AU?ORIT>IAN LEFT HAVE REVEAL$ A CULTURE ?AT IS PR$ISPOS$ TO ! COV]-UP ( RAPE & ABUSE AGA9/ WOM5 & A SUBSEQU5T CLOS+ ( RANKS BY ! LEAD]%IP & A L>GE P>T ( ! P>TY MEMB]%IP4 ,WE %\LD NOT BE SO SMUG AS TO ?9K ?AT SIMIL> PROBLEMS DO NOT EXI/ )9 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T & ?AT WOM5 DO NOT FACE PROBLEMS ( SEXUAL H>ASSM5T1 BELITTL+ FROM MALE COMRADES1 NOT BE+ TAK5 S]I\SLY1 & SO ON4 ,IF WE >E TO CON/RUCT A RELEVANT AN>*I/ MOVEM5T !N WE MU/ TAKE UP ! CALL = WOM5'S LIB]ATION4 ,?IS MEANS NOT JU/ >\ND ! QUE/ION ( COLLECTIVE *ILD C>E1 ! NE$ = SOCIALIZ$ CRE*ES BO? )9 ! MOVEM5T & 9 SOCIETY AS A :OLE1 BIR? CONTROL & CONTRACEPTION1 = ! RI<TS ( BODILY AUTONOMY ! :OLE QUE/ION ( UNWAG$ WORK1 ! NE$ TO TRANS=M H\SEWORK1 ! /RUGGLE >\ND EQUAL PAY1 BUT ALSO AGA9/ ! OBJECTIFICATION & ROLE /]EOTYP+ ( WOM5 9 ADV]TIS+ & ! M$IA1 AGA9/ SEXUAL H>ASSM5T 9 ! /REET1 AT WORK & 9 ! HOME1 = OP5 ACCESS TO M$ICAL AIDS TO TRANSITION2 ALL TOLD1 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ /RUCTURAL MISOGYNY & ITS 9T]SECT+ =MS SU* AS TRANSMISOGYNY & MISOGYNOIR4 

,!SE >E CONCRETE /RUGGLES ?AT MU/ BE S]I\SLY ADDRESS$ )9 \R MOVEM5T4 

,)\T SU* DEVELOPM5TS ANY ATTEMPT AT SOCIAL REVOLUTION WILL BE 9ADEQUATE & IGNOR$ BY WOM5 LOOK+ = A RADICAL BREAK ) ?IS CORRUPT1 OPPRESSIVE & HI]>*ICAL SY/EM4 

,REF]5CES 

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MORE 9=MATION 

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