,/ATELESS ,SOCIALISM3 ,AN>*ISM 

#aiec 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,MIKHAIL ,BAKUN9 

,TAGS 3 ABOLITION ( ! /ATE1 ORGANIZATION ( PRODUCTIVE =CES1 ASSOCIATIONS ( ! PEOPLE1 ORGANIZATION FROM BEL[ UPW>D1 MASSES ( PEOPLE1 FRE$OM & HUMANITY1 SOCIALISM IS JU/ICE1 ECONOMIC & SOCIAL1 POLITICAL & SOCIAL1 SOCIAL & ECONOMIC4 

,TEXT 3 

,/ATELESS ,SOCIALISM3 ,AN>*ISM 

BY ,MIKHAIL ,BAKUN9 #a#h#a#d-#a#h#g#f 

,FROM 0,! ,POLITICAL ,PHILOSOPHY ( ,BAKUN90 

BY ,G4,P4 ,MAXIM(F 

#a#i#e#c1 ,! ,FREE ,PRESS1 ,N,Y 

  

,PHOTO BY ,WILLIAM ,O',BRI5 ,F9E ,>T1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE ,EFFECT ( ! ,GREAT ,PR9CIPLES ,PROCLAIM$ BY ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION4 ,FROM ! TIME :5 ! ,REVOLUTION BR\<T D[N TO ! MASSES ITS ,GOSPEL - NOT ! MY/IC BUT ! RATIONAL1 NOT ! HEAV5LY BUT ! E>?LY1 NOT ! DIV9E BUT ! HUMAN ,GOSPEL1 ! ,GOSPEL ( ! ,RI<TS ( ,MAN - EV] S9CE IT PROCLAIM$ ?AT ALL M5 >E EQUAL1 ?AT ALL M5 >E 5TITL$ TO LIB]TY & EQUALITY1 ! MASSES ( ALL ,EUROPEAN C\NTRIES1 ( ALL ! CIVILIZ$ WORLD1 AWAK5+ GRADUALLY FROM ! SLEEP :I* HAD KEPT !M 9 BONDAGE EV] S9CE ,*RI/IANITY DRUGG$ !M ) ITS OPIUM1 BEGAN TO ASK !MSELVES :E!R !Y TOO1 HAD ! RI<T TO EQUALITY1 FRE$OM1 & HUMANITY4 

 ,AS SOON AS ?IS QUE/ION WAS POS$1 ! PEOPLE1 GUID$ BY !IR ADMIRABLE S\ND S5SE AS WELL AS BY !IR 9/9CTS1 REALIZ$ ?AT ! FIR/ CONDITION ( !IR REAL EMANCIPATION1 OR ( !IR HUMANIZATION1 WAS ABOVE ALL A RADICAL *ANGE 9 !IR ECONOMIC SITUATION4 ,! QUE/ION ( DAILY BREAD IS TO !M JU/LY ! FIR/ QUE/ION1 = AS IT WAS NOT$ BY ,>I/OTLE1 MAN1 9 ORD] TO ?9K1 9 ORD] TO FEEL HIMSELF FREE1 9 ORD] TO BECOME MAN1 MU/ BE FRE$ FROM ! MAT]IAL C>ES ( DAILY LIFE4 ,= ?AT MATT]1 ! B\RGEOIS1 :O >E SO VOCIF]\S 9 !IR \TCRIES AGA9/ ! MAT]IALISM ( ! PEOPLE & :O PREA* TO ! LATT] ! AB/95CES ( IDEALISM1 KN[ IT V]Y WELL1 = !Y !MSELVES PREA* IT ONLY BY WORD & NOT BY EXAMPLE4 

 ,! SECOND QUE/ION >IS+ BE=E ! PEOPLE - ?AT ( LEISURE AFT] WORK - IS ! 9DISP5SABLE CONDITION ( HUMANITY4 ,BUT BREAD & LEISURE CAN NEV] BE OBTA9$ AP>T FROM A RADICAL TRANS=MATION ( EXI/+ SOCIETY1 & ?AT EXPLA9S :Y ! ,REVOLUTION1 IMPELL$ BY ! IMPLICATIONS ( ITS [N PR9CIPLES1 GAVE BIR? TO ,SOCIALISM4 

 ,SOCIALISM ,IS ,JU/ICE444,SOCIALISM IS JU/ICE4 ,:5 WE SPEAK ( JU/ICE1 WE UND]/& !REBY NOT ! JU/ICE CONTA9$ 9 ! ,CODES & 9 ,ROMAN JURISPRUD5CE - :I* W]E BAS$ TO A GREAT EXT5T UPON FACTS ( VIOL5CE A*IEV$ BY =CE1 VIOL5CE CONSECRAT$ BY TIME & BY ! B5$ICTIONS ( SOME *UR* OR O!R 7,*RI/IAN OR PAGAN71 & AS SU* ACCEPT$ AS ABSOLUTE PR9CIPLES1 FROM :I* ALL LAW IS TO BE D$UC$ BY A PROCESS ( LOGICAL REASON+ - NO1 WE SPEAK ( ?AT JU/ICE :I* IS BAS$ SOLELY UPON HUMAN CONSCI5CE1 ! JU/ICE TO BE F\ND 9 ! CONSCI\SNESS ( EV]Y MAN - EV5 9 ?AT ( *ILDR5 - & :I* CAN BE EXPRESS$ 9 A S+LE WORD3 EQUITY4 

 ,?IS UNIV]SAL JU/ICE :I*1 [+ TO CONQUE/S BY =CE & RELIGI\S 9FLU5CES1 HAS NEV] YET PREVAIL$ 9 ! POLITICAL OR JURIDICAL OR ECONOMIC WORLDS1 %\LD BECOME ! BASIS ( ! NEW WORLD4 ,)\T IT !RE CAN BE NEI!R LIB]TY1 NOR REPUBLIC1 NOR PROSP]ITY1 NOR PEACE4 ,IT !N MU/ GOV]N \R RESOLUTIONS 9 ORD] ?AT WE WORK EFFECTIVELY T[>D ! E/ABLI%M5T ( PEACE4 ,& ?IS JU/ICE URGES US TO TAKE UPON \RSELVES ! DEF5SE ( ! 9T]E/S ( ! T]RIBLY MALTREAT$ PEOPLE & DEM& !IR ECONOMIC & SOCIAL EMANCIPATION ALONG ) POLITICAL FRE$OM4 

 ,! ,BASIC ,PR9CIPLE ( ,SOCIALISM4 ,WE DO NOT PROPOSE H]E1 G5TLEM51 ?IS OR ANY O!R SOCIALI/ SY/EM4 ,:AT WE DEM& N[ IS ! PROCLAIM+ ANEW ( ! GREAT PR9CIPLE ( ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION3 ?AT EV]Y HUMAN BE+ %\LD HAVE ! MAT]IAL & MORAL MEANS TO DEVELOP ALL HIS HUMANITY1 A PR9CIPLE :I*1 9 \R OP9ION1 IS TO BE TRANSLAT$ 9TO ! FOLL[+ PROBLEM3 

 ,TO ORGANIZE SOCIETY 9 SU* A MANN] ?AT EV]Y 9DIVIDUAL1 MAN OR WOMAN1 %\LD F9D1 UPON 5T]+ LIFE1 APPROXIMATELY EQUAL MEANS = ! DEVELOPM5T ( HIS OR H] DIV]SE FACULTIES & !IR UTILIZATION 9 HIS OR H] WORK4 ,& TO ORGANIZE SU* A SOCIETY ?AT1 R5D]+ IMPOSSIBLE ! EXPLOITATION ( ANYONE'S LABOR1 WILL 5ABLE EV]Y 9DIVIDUAL TO 5JOY ! SOCIAL WEAL?1 :I* 9 REALITY IS PRODUC$ ONLY BY COLLECTIVE LABOR1 BUT TO 5JOY IT ONLY 9 SO F> AS HE CONTRIBUTES DIRECTLY T[>D ! CREATION ( ?AT WEAL?4 

 ,/ATE ,SOCIALISM ,REJECT$4 ,! C>RY+ \T ( ?IS TASK WILL ( C\RSE TAKE C5TURIES ( DEVELOPM5T4 ,BUT HI/ORY HAS ALREADY BR\<T IT =? & H5CE=? WE CANNOT IGNORE IT )\T CONDEMN+ \RSELVES TO UTT] IMPOT5CE4  ,WE HA/5 TO ADD H]E ?AT WE VIGOR\SLY REJECT ANY ATTEMPT AT SOCIAL ORGANIZATION :I* W\LD NOT ADMIT ! FULLE/ LIB]TY ( 9DIVIDUALS & ORGANIZATIONS1 OR :I* W\LD REQUIRE ! SETT+ UP ( ANY REGIM5T+ P[] :ATEV]4 ,9 ! NAME ( FRE$OM1 :I* WE RECOGNIZE AS ! ONLY F\NDATION & ! ONLY CREATIVE PR9CIPLE ( ORGANIZATION1 ECONOMIC OR POLITICAL1 WE %ALL PROTE/ AGA9/ ANY?+ REMOTELY RESEMBL+ ,/ATE ,COMMUNISM1 OR ,/ATE ,SOCIALISM4 

 ,ABOLITION ( ! ,9H]ITANCE ,LAW4 ,! ONLY ?+ :I*1 9 OP9ION1 ! ,/ATE CAN & %\LD DO1 IS FIR/ TO MODIFY LITTLE BY LITTLE 9H]ITANCE LAW SO AS TO >RIVE AS SOON AS POSSIBLE AT ITS COMPLETE ABOLITION4 ,?AT LAW BE+ PURELY A CREATION ( ! ,/ATE1 & ONE ( ! CONDITIONS ( ! V]Y EXI/5CE ( ! AU?ORIT>IAN & DIV9E ,/ATE CAN & %\LD BE ABOLI%$ BY FRE$OM 9 ! ,/ATE4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 ,/ATE %\LD DISSOLVE ITSELF 9TO A SOCIETY FREELY ORGANIZ$ 9 ACCORD ) ! PR9CIPLES ( JU/ICE4 ,9H]ITANCE RI<T1 9 \R OP9ION1 %\LD ABOLI%$1 = SO LONG AS IT EXI/S !RE WILL BE H]$IT>Y ECONOMIC 9EQUALITY1 NOT ! NATURAL 9EQUALITY ( 9DIVIDUALS1 BUT ! >TIFICIAL MAN 9EQUALITY ( CLASSES - & ! LATT] WILL ALWAYS BEGET H]$IT>Y EQUALITY 9 ! DEVELOPM5T & %AP+ ( M9DS1 CONT9U+ TO BE S\RCE & CONSECRATION ( ALL POLITICAL & SOCIAL 9EQUALITIES4 ,! TASK ( JU/ICE IS TO E/ABLI% EQUALITY = EV]YONE1 9ASMU* ?AT EQUALITY WILL DEP5D UPON ! ECONOMIC & POLITICAL ORGANIZATION SOCIETY - AN EQUALITY ) :I* EV]YONE IS GO+ TO BEG9 HIS LIFE1 ?AT EV]YONE1 GUID$ BY HIS [N NATURE1 WILL BE ! PRODUCT ( HIS [N EF=TS4 ,9 \R OP9ION1 ! PROP]TY ( ! DECEAS$ %\LD ACCRUE TO SOCIAL FUND = ! 9/RUCTION & $UCATION ( *ILDR5 ( BO? SEXES 9CLUD+ !IR MA9T5ANCE FROM BIR? UNTIL !Y COME ( AGE4 ,AS ,SLAVS & AS ,RUSSIANS1 WE %ALL ADD ?AT ) US ! FUNDAM5TAL SOCIAL IDEA1 BAS$ UPON ! G5]AL & TRADITIONAL 9/9CT ( \R POPULATIONS1 IS ?AT L&1 ! PROP]TY ( ALL ! PEOPLE1 %\LD BE [N$ ONLY BY ?OSE :O CULTIVATE IT ) !IR [N H&S4 

 ,WE >E CONV9C$ G5TLEM51 ?AT ?IS PR9CIPLE IS JU/1 ?AT IT IS ESS5TIAL & 9EVITABLE CONDITION ( ALL S]I\S SOCIAL RE=M1 & CONSEQU5TLY ,WE/]N ,EUROPE 9 TURN WILL NOT FAIL TO RECOGNIZE & ACCEPT ?IS PR9CIPLE1 NOT)/&+ ! DIFFICULTIES ( ITS REALIZATION 9 C\NTRIES AS 9 ,FRANCE1 = 9/ANCE :]E ! MAJORITY ( PEASANTS [N ! L& :I* !Y CULTIVATE1 BUT :]E MO/ ( ?OSE V]Y PEASANTS WILL SOON 5D UP BY [N+ NEXT TO NO?+1 [+ TO ! P>CEL+ \T ( L& COM+ AS ! 9EVITABLE RESULT ( ! POLITICAL & ECONOMIC SY/EM N[ PREVAIL+ 9 ,FRANCE4 ,WE %ALL1 H[EV]1 REFRA9 FROM (F]+ ANY PROPOSALS ON ! L& QUE/ION444,WE %ALL CONF9E \RSELVES N[ TO PROPOS+ ! FOLL[+ DECL>ATION3 

 ,! ,DECL>ATION ( ,SOCIALISM4 0,CONV9C$ ?AT ! S]I\S REALIZATION ( LIB]TY1 JU/ICE1 & PEACE WILL BE IMPOSSIBLE SO LONG AS ! MAJORITY ( ! POPULATION REMA9S DISPOSSESS$ ( ELEM5T>Y NE$S1 SO LONG AS IT IS DEPRIV$ ( $UCATION & IS CONDEMN$ TO POLITICAL & SOCIAL 9SIGNIFICANCE & SLAV]Y - 9 FACT IF NOT BY LAW - BY POV]TY AS WELL AS BY ! NECESSITY ( WORK+ )\T RE/ OR LEISURE1 PRODUC+ ALL ! WEAL? UPON :I* ! WORLD N[ PRIDES ITSELF1 & RECEIV+ 9 RETURN ONLY SU* A SMALL PAN !RE( ?AT IT H>DLY SUFFICES TO ASSURE ITS LIVELIHOOD = ! NEXT DAY2 

 0,CONV9C$ ?AT = ALL ?AT MASS ( POPULATION1 T]RIBLY MALTREAT$ = C5TURIES1 ! PROBLEM ( BREAD IS ! PROBLEM ( M5TAL EMANCIPATION1 ( FRE$OM & HUMANITY2 

 0,CONV9C$ ?AT FRE$OM )\T ,SOCIALISM IS PRIVILEGE & 9JU/ICE & ?AT ,SOCIALISM )\T FRE$OM IS SLAV]Y & BRUTALITY2 

 0,! ,LEAGUE .<= ,PEACE & ,FRE$OM.> L\DLY PROCLAIMS ! NECESSITY ( A RADICAL SOCIAL & ECONOMIC RECON/RUCTION1 HAV+ = ITS AIM ! EMANCIPATION ( PEOPLE'S LABOR FROM ! YOKE ( CAPITAL & PROP]TY [N]S1 A RECON/RUCTION BAS$ UPON /RICT JU/ICE - NEI!R JURIDICAL NOR !OLOGICAL NOR METAPHYSICAL JU/ICE1 BUT SIMPLY HUMAN JU/ICE - UPON POSITIVE SCI5CE & UPON ! WIDE/ FRE$OM40 

 ,ORGANIZATION ( ,PRODUCTIVE ,=CES 9 ,PLACE ( ,POLITICAL ,P[]4 ,IT IS NECESS>Y TO ABOLI% COMPLETELY1 BO? 9 PR9CIPLE & 9 FACT1 ALL ?AT :I* IS CALL$ POLITICAL P[]2 =1 SO LONG AS POLITICAL P[] EXI/S1 !RE WILL BE RUL] & RUL$1 MA/]S & SLAVES1 EXPLOIT]S & EXPLOIT$4 ,ONCE ABOLI%$1 POLITICAL P[] %\LD BE REPLAC$ BY AN ORGANIZATION ( PRODUCTIVE =CES & ECONOMIC S]VICE4 

 ,NOT)/&+ ! 5ORM\S DEVELOPM5T ( MOD]N /ATES - A DEVELOPM5T :I* 9 ITS ULTIMATE PHASE IS QUITE LOGICALLY R$UC+ ! ,/ATE TO AN ABSURDITY - IT IS BECOM+ EVID5T ?AT ! DAYS ( ! ,/ATE & ! ,/ATE PR9CIPLE >E NUMB]$4 ,ALREADY WE CAN SEE APPROA*+ ! FULL EMANCIPATION ( ! TOIL+ MASSES & !IR FREE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION1 FREE FROM GOV]NM5TAL 9T]V5TION1 =M$ BY ECONOMIC ASSOCIATIONS ( ! PEOPLE & BRU%+ ASIDE ALL ! OLD ,/ATE FRONTI]S & NATIONAL DI/9CTIONS1 & HAV+ AS ITS BASIS ONLY PRODUCTIVE LABOR1 HUMANIZ$ LABOR1 HAV+ ONE COMMON 9T]E/ 9 SPITE ( ITS DIV]SITY4 

 ,! ,IDEAL ( ! ,PEOPLE4 ,?IS IDEAL ( C\RSE APPE>S TO ! PEOPLE AS SIGNIFY+ FIR/ ( ALL ! 5D ( WANT1 ! 5D ( POV]TY1 & ! FULL SATISFACTION ( ALL MAT]IAL NE$S BY MEANS ( COLLECTIVE LABOR1 EQUAL & OBLIGATORY = ALL1 & !N1 AS ! 5D ( DOM9ATION & ! FREE ORGANIZATION ( ! PEOPLE'S LIVES 9 ACCORDANCE ) !IR NE$S - NOT FROM ! TOP D[N1 AS WE HAVE IT 9 ! ,/ATE1 BUT FROM ! BOTTOM UP1 AN ORGANIZATION =M$ BY ! PEOPLE !MSELVES1 AP>T FROM ALL GOV]NM5TS & P>LIAM5TS1 A FREE UNION ( ASSOCIATIONS ( AGRICULTURAL & FACTORY WORK]S1 ( COMMUNES1 REGIONS1 & NATIONS1 & F9ALLY1 9 ! MORE REMOTE FUTURE2 ! UNIV]SAL HUMAN BRO!RHOOD1 TRIUMPH+ ABOVE ! RU9S ( ALL ,/ATES4 

 ,! ,PROGRAM ( A ,FREE ,SOCIETY4 ,\TSIDE ( ! ,MAZZ9IAN SY/EM :I* IS ! SY/EM ( ! REPUBLIC 9 ! =M ( A ,/ATE1 !RE IS NO O!R SY/EM BUT ?AT ( ! REPUBLIC AS A COMMUNE1 ! REPUBLIC AS A F$]ATION1 A ,SOCIALI/ & A G5U9E PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC - ! SY/EM ( ,AN>*ISM4 ,IT IS ! POLITICS ( ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION1 :I* AIMS AT ! ABOLITION ( ! ,/ATE1 & ! ECONOMIC1 ALTOGE!R FREE ORGANIZATION ( ! PEOPLE1 AN ORGANIZATION FROM BEL[ UPW>D1 BY MEANS ( A F$]ATION4 

 444,!RE WILL BE NO POSSIBILITY ( ! EXI/5CE ( A POLITICAL GOV]NM5T1 = ?IS GOV]NM5T WILL BE TRANS=M$ 9TO A SIMPLE ADM9I/RATION ( COMMON AFFAIRS4 

 ,\R PROGRAM CAN BE SUMM$ UP 9 A FEW WORDS3 

 ,PEACE1 EMANCIPATION1 & ! HAPP9ESS ( ! OPPRESS$4 

 ,W> UPON ALL OPPRESSORS & ALL DESPOIL]S4 

 ,FULL RE/ITUTION TO WORK]S3 ALL ! CAPITAL1 ! FACTORIES1 & ALL 9/RUM5TS ( WORK & RAW MAT]IALS TO GO TO ! ASSOCIATIONS1 & ! L& TO ?OSE :O CULTIVATE IT ) !IR [N H&S4 

 ,LIB]TY1 JU/ICE1 & FRAT]NITY 9 REG>D TO ALL HUMAN BE+S UPON ! E>?4 

 ,EQUALITY = ALL4 

 ,TO ALL1 ) NO DI/9CTION :ATEV]1 ALL ! MEANS ( DEVELOPM5T1 $UCATION1 & UPBR++1 & ! EQUAL POSSIBILITY ( LIV+ :ILE WORK+4 

 ,ORGANIZ+ ( A SOCIETY BY MEANS ( A FREE F$]ATION FROM BEL[ UPW>D1 ( WORK]S ASSOCIATIONS1 9DU/RIAL AS WELL AS A AGRICULTURAL1 SCI5TIFIC AS WELL AS LIT]>Y ASSOCIATIONS - FIR/ 9TO A COMMUNE1 !N A F$]ATION COMMUNES 9TO REGIONS1 ( REGIONS 9TO NATIONS1 & ( NATIONS 9TO 9T]NATIONAL FRAT]NAL ASSOCIATION4 

 ,CORRECT ,TACTICS ,DUR+ A ,REVOLUTION4 ,9 A SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 :I* 9 EV]Y?+ IS DIAMETRICALLY OPPOS$ TO A POLITICAL REVOLUTION1 ! A ( 9DIVIDUALS H>DLY C\NT AT ALL1 :]EAS ! SPONTANE\S ACTION ( MASSES IS EV]Y?+4 ,ALL ?AT 9DIVIDUALS CAN DO IS TO CL>IFY1 PROPAGATE1 & WORK \T IDEAS CORRESPOND+ TO ! POPUL> 9/9CT1 &1 :AT IS MORE1 TO CONTRIBUTE !IR 9CESSANT EF=TS TO REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZATION ( ! NATURAL P[] ( ! MASSES - BUT NO?+ ELSE BEYOND ?AT2 ! RE/ CAN & %\LD BE DONE BY ! PEOPLE !MSELVES4 ,ANY O!R ME?OD W\LD LEAD TO POLITICAL DICTATOR%IP1 TO ! REEM]G5CE ( ! ,/ATE1 ( PRIVILEGES ( 9EQUALITIES ( ALL ! OPPRESSIONS ( ! ,/ATE - ?AT IS1 IT W\LD LEAD 9 A R\NDAB\T BUT LOGICAL WAY T[>D REE/ABLI%M5T ( POLITICAL1 SOCIAL1 & ECONOMIC SLAV]Y ( ! MASSES ( PEOPLE4 

 ,V>L9 & ALL HIS FRI5DS1 LIKE ALL S9C]E ,SOCIALI/S1 & 9 G5]AL LIKE ALL WORK]S BORN & BR\<T UP AMONG ! PEOPLE1 %>$ TO A HI< DEGREE ?IS P]FECTLY LEGITIMATE BIAS AGA9/ ! 9ITIATIVE COM+ FROM ISOLAT$ 9DIVIDUALS1 AGA9/ ! DOM9ATION EX]CIS$ BY SUP]IOR 9DIVIDUALS1 & BE+ ABOVE ALL CONSI/5T1 !Y EXT5D$ ! SAME PREJUDICE & DI/RU/ TO !IR [N P]SONS4 

 ,REVOLUTION BY ,DECREES ,IS ,DOOM$ TO ,FAILURE4 ,CONTR>Y TO ! IDEAS ( ! AU?ORIT>IAN ,COMMUNI/S1 ALTOGE!R FALLACI\S IDEAS 9 MY OP9ION1 ?AT ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION CAN BE DECRE$ & ORGANIZ$ BY MEANS ( A DICTATOR%IP OR A ,CON/ITU5T ,ASSEMBLY - \R FRI5DS1 ! ,P>ISIAN ,SOCIAL-,SOCIALI/S1 HELD ! OP9ION ?AT ?AT REVOLUTION CAN BE WAG$ & BR\<T TO FITS FULL DEVELOPM5T ONLY ?R\< ! SPONTANE\S & CONT9U$ MASS ACTION ( GR\PS & ASSOCIATIONS ( ! PEOPLE4 

 ,\R ,P>ISIAN FRI5DS W]E A ?\S& TIMES RI<T4 ,=1 9DE$1 !RE IS NO M9D1 MU* AS IT MAY BE 5D[$ ) ! QUALITY ( A G5IUS2 OR IF WE SPEAK ( A COLLECTIVE DICTATOR%IP CONSI/+ ( SEV]AL HUNDR$ SUPREMELY 5D[$ 9DIVIDUALS - !RE IS NO COMB9ATION ( 9TELLECTS SO VA/ AS TO BE ABLE TO EMBRACE ALL ! 9F9ITE MULTIPLICITY & DIV]SITY ( ! REAL 9T]E/S1 ASPIRATIONS1 WILLS1 & NE$S CON/ITUT+ 9 !IR TOTALITY ! COLLECTIVE WILL ( ! PEOPLE2 !RE IS NO 9TELLECT ?AT CAN DEVISE A SOCIAL ORGANIZATION CAPABLE ( SATISFY+ EA* & ALL4 

 ,SU* AN ORGANIZATION W\LD EV] BE A ,PROCRU/EAN B$ 9TO :I* VIOL5CE1 MORE OR LESS SANCTION$ BY ! ,/ATE1 W\LD =CE ! UN=TUNATE SOCIETY4 ,BUT IT IS ?IS OLD SY/EM ( ORGANIZATION BAS$ UPON =CE ?AT ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION %\LD PUT AN 5D TO BY GIV+ FULL LIB]TY TO ! MASSES1 GR\PS1 COMMUNES1 ASSOCIATIONS1 & EV5 9DIVIDUALS1 & BY DE/ROY+ ONCE & = ALL ! HI/ORIC CAUSE ( ALL VIOL5CE - ! V]Y EXI/5CE ( ! ,/ATE1 ! FALL ( :I* WILL 5TAIL ! DE/RUCTION ( ALL ! 9IQUITIES ( JURIDICAL RI<T & ALL ! FALSEHOOD ( V>I\S CULTS1 ?AT RI<T & ?OSE CULTS HAV+ EV] BE5 SIMPLY ! COMPLAISANT CONSECRATION1 IDEAL AS WELL AS REAL1 ( ALL VIOL5CE REPRES5T$1 GU>ANTE$1 & AU?ORIZ$ BY ! ,/ATE4 

 ,IT IS EVID5T ?AT ONLY :5 ! ,/ATE HAS CEAS$ TO EXI/ HUMANITY WILL OBTA9 ITS FRE$OM1 & ! TRUE 9T]E/S ( SOCIETY1 ( ALL GR\PS1 ( ALL LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS1 & LIKEWISE ( ALL ! 9DIVIDUALS =M+ SU* ORGANIZATION1 WILL F9D !IR REAL SATISFACTION4 

 ,FREE ,ORGANIZATION TO ,FOLL[ ,ABOLITION ( ! ,/ATE4 ,ABOLITION ( ! ,/ATE & ! ,*UR* %\LD BE ! FIR/ & 9DISP5SABLE CONDITION ( ! REAL 5FRAN*ISEM5T ( SOCIETY4 ,IT WILL BE ONLY AFT] ?IS ?AT SOCIETY CAN & %\LD BEG9 ITS [N REORGANIZATION2 ?AT1 H[EV]1 %\LD TAKE PLACE NOT FROM ! TOP D[N1 NOT ACCORD+ TO AN IDEAL PLAN MAPP$ BY A FEW SAGES OR SAVANTS1 & NOT BY MEANS ( DECREES ISSU$ BY SOME DICTATORIAL P[] OR EV5 BY A ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY ELECT$ BY UNIV]SAL SUFFRAGE4 ,SU* A SY/EM1 AS ,I HAVE ALREADY SAID1 9EVITABLY W\LD LEAD TO ! =MATION ( A GOV]NM5TAL >I/OCRACY1 ?AT IS1 A CLASS ( P]SONS :I* HAS NO?+ 9 COMMON ) ! MASSES ( PEOPLE2 &1 TO BE SURE1 ?IS CLASS W\LD AGA9 TURN TO EXPLOIT+ & 5?RALL+ ! MASSES UND] ! PRETEXT ( COMMON WELF>E OR ( ! SALVATION ( ! ,/ATE4 

 ,FRE$OM ,MU/ ,GO ,H&-9-,H& ,) ,EQUALITY4 ,I AM A CONV9C$ P>TISAN ( ECONOMIC & SOCIAL EQUALITY1 = ,I KN[ ?AT \TSIDE ( ?IS EQUALITY1 FRE$OM1 JU/ICE1 HUMAN DIGNITY1 MORALITY1 & ! WELL-BE+ ( 9DIVIDUALS AS WELL AS ! PROSP]ITY ( NATIONS >E ALL NO?+ BUT SO MANY FALSEHOODS4 ,BUT BE+ AT ! SAME TIME A P>TISAN ( FRE$OM - ! FIR/ CONDITION ( HUMANITY - ,I BELIEVE ?AT EQUALITY %\LD BE E/ABLI%$ 9 ! WORLD BY A SPONTANE\S ORGANIZATION ( LABOR & COLLECTIVE PROP]TY1 BY ! FREE ORGANIZATION ( PRODUC]S' ASSOCIATIONS 9TO COMMUNES1 & FREE F$]ATION ( COMMUNES - BUT N[ISE BY MEANS ( ! SUPREME TUTEL>Y ACTION ( ! ,/ATE4 

 ,! ,DIFF]5CE ,BETWE5 ,AU?ORIT>IAN & ,LIB]T>IAN ,REVOLUTION4 ,IT IS ?IS PO9T :I* MA9LY DIVIDES ! ,SOCIALI/S OR REVOLUTION>Y COLLECTIVI/S FROM ! AU?ORIT>IAN ,COMMUNI/S1 ! P>TISANS ( ! ABSOLUTE 9ITIATIVE ( ! ,/ATE4 ,! GOAL ( BO? IS ! SAME3 BO? P>TIES WANT ! CREATION ( A NEW SOCIAL ORD] BAS$ EXCLUSIVELY UPON COLLECTIVE LABOR1 UND] ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ?AT >E EQUAL = ALL - ?AT IS1 UND] CONDITIONS ( COLLECTIVE [N]%IP ( ! TOOLS ( PRODUCTION4 

 ,ONLY ! ,COMMUNI/S IMAG9E ?AT !Y CAN ATTA9 ?R\< DEVELOPM5T & ORGANIZATION ( ! POLITICAL P[] ( ! WORK+ CLASSES1 & *IEFLY ( ! CITY PROLET>IAT1 AID$ BY B\RGEOIS RADICALISM - :]EAS ! REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALI/S1 ! 5EMIES ( ALL AMBIGU\S ALLIANCES1 BELIEVE1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 ?AT ?IS COMMON GOAL CAN BE ATTA9$ NOT ?R\< ! POLITICAL BUT ?R\< ! SOCIAL 7& !RE=E ANTI-POLITICAL7 ORGANIZATION & P[] ( ! WORK+ MASSES ( ! CITIES & VILLAGES1 9CLUD+ ALL ?OSE :O1 ?\< BELONG+ BY BIR? TO ! HI<] CLASSES1 HAVE BROK5 ) !IR PA/ ( !IR [N FREE WILL1 & HAVE OP5LY JO9$ ! PROLET>IAT & ACCEPT$ ITS PROGRAM4 

 ,! ,ME?ODS ( ! ,COMMUNI/S & ! ,AN>*I/S4 ,H5CE ! TWO DIFF]5T ME?ODS4 ,! ,COMMUNI/S BELIEVE ?AT IT IS NECESS>Y TO ORGANIZE ! =CES ( ! WORK]S 9 ORD] TO TAKE POSSESSION ( ! POLITICAL MI<T ( ! ,/ATE4 ,! REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALI/S ORGANIZE ) ! VIEW ( DE/ROY+1 OR IF Y\ PREF] A MORE REF9$ EXPRESSION1 ( LIQUIDAT+ ! ,/ATE4 ,! ,COMMUNI/S >E ! P>TISANS ( ! PR9CIPLE & PRACTICE ( AU?ORITY1 :ILE REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALI/S PLACE !IR FAI? ONLY 9 FRE$OM4 ,BO? >E EQUALLY ! P>TISANS ( SCI5CE1 :I* IS TO DE/ROY SUP]/ITION & TAKE ! PLACE ( FAI?2 BUT ! FIR/ WANT TO IMPOSE SCI5CE UPON ! PEOPLE1 :ILE ! REVOLUTION>Y COLLECTIVI/S TRY TO DIFFUSE SCI5CE & KN[L$GE AMONG ! PEOPLE1 SO ?AT ! V>I\S GR\PS ( HUMAN SOCIETY1 :5 CONV9C$ BY PROPAG&A1 MAY ORGANIZE & SPONTANE\SLY COMB9E 9TO F$]ATIONS1 9 ACCORDANCE ) !IR NATURAL T5D5CIES & !IR REAL 9T]E/S1 BUT NEV] ACCORD+ TO A PLAN TRAC$ 9 ADVANCE & IMPOS$ UPON ! IGNORANT MASSES BY A FEW 0SUP]IOR0 M9DS4 

 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALI/S BELIEVE ?AT !RE IS MU* MORE ( PRACTICAL REASON & 9TELLIG5CE 9 ! 9/9CTIVE ASPIRATIONS & REAL NE$S ( ! MASSES ( PEOPLE ?AN 9 ! PR(\ND M9DS ( ALL !SE LE>N$ DOCTORS & SELF-APPO9T$ TUTORS ( HUMANITY1 :O1 HAV+ BE=E !M ! SORRY EXAMPLES ( SO MANY ABORTIVE ATTEMPTS TO MAKE HUMANITY HAPPY1 /ILL 9T5D TO KEEP ON WORK+ 9 ! SAME DIRECTION4 ,BUT REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALI/S BELIEVE1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 ?AT HUMANITY HAS P]MITT$ ITSELF TO BE RUL$ = A LONG TIME1 MU* TOO LONG1 & ?AT ! S\RCE ( ITS MIS=TUNE LIES NOT 9 ?IS NOR 9 ANY O!R =M ( GOV]NM5T BUT 9 ! PR9CIPLE & ! V]Y EXI/5CE ( ! GOV]NM5T1 :ATEV] ITS NATURE MAY BE4 

 ,IT IS ?IS DIFF]5CE ( OP9ION1 :I* ALREADY HAS BECOME HI/ORIC1 ?AT N[ EXI/S BETWE5 ! SCI5TIFIC ,COMMUNISM1 DEVELOP$ BY ! ,G]MAN S*OOL & P>TLY ACCEPT$ BY ,AM]ICAN & ,5GLI% ,SOCIALI/S1 & ,PR\DHONISM1 EXT5SIVELY DEVELOP$ & PU%$ TO ITS ULTIMATE CONCLUSIONS1 & BY N[ ACCEPT$ BY ! PROLET>IAT ( ! ,LAT9 C\NTRIES4 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALISM HAS MADE ITS FIR/ BRILLIANT & PRACTICAL APPE>ANCE 9 ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE4 

 ,ON ! ,PAN-,G]MAN BANN] IS WRITT53 ,RET5TION & /R5G!N+ ( ! ,/ATE AT ANY CO/4 ,ON \R BANN]1 ! SOCIAL-REVOLUTION>Y BANN]1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 >E 9SCRIB$1 9 FI]Y & BLOODY LETT]S3 ! DE/RUCTION ( ALL ,/ATES1 ! ANNIHILATION ( B\RGEOIS CIVILIZATION1 FREE & SPONTANE\S ORGANIZATION FROM BEL[ UPW>D1 BY MEANS ( FREE ASSOCIATIONS1 ! ORGANIZATION ( ! UNBRIDL$ RABBLE ( TOIL]S1 ( ALL EMANCIPAT$ HUMANITY1 & ! CREATION ( A NEW UNIV]SALLY HUMAN WORLD4 

 ,BE=E CREAT+1 OR RA!R AID+ ! PEOPLE TO CREATE1 ?IS NEW ORGANIZATION1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO A*IEVE A VICTORY4 ,IT IS NECESS>Y TO OV]?R[ ?AT :I* IS1 9 ORD] TO BE ABLE TO E/ABLI% ?AT :I* %\LD BE444 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aieb 3 ,/ATELESS ,SOCIALISM3 ,AN>*ISM -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#e1 #bag 3 ,/ATELESS ,SOCIALISM3 ,AN>*ISM -- ,ADD$4 
,DECEMB] #c1 #bba 3 ,/ATELESS ,SOCIALISM3 ,AN>*ISM -- ,UPDAT$4 

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