,SUP] ,POSITION 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,DAVID ,GRAEB] 

,TEXT 3 

,I4 

,LET ME CL>IFY ONE ?+ FROM ! />T3 ,*RI/OPH] ,NOLAN'S ,BATMAN3 ,! ,D>K ,KNI<T ,RISES REALLY IS A PIECE ( ANTI-,OCCUPY PROPAG&A4 ,NOLAN1 ! DIRECTOR1 CLAIMS ! SCRIPT WAS WRITT5 BE=E ! MOVEM5T EV5 />T$1 & ?AT ! FAM\S SC5ES ( ! OCCUPATION ( ,NEW ,YORK 70,GO?AM07 W]E REALLY 9SPIR$ BY ,DICK5S' ACC\NT ( ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION4 

,?IS IS PROBABLY TRUE1 BUT IT'S DIS+5U\S4 ,EV]YONE KN[S ,HOLLYWOOD SCRIPTS >E CONT9UALLY BE+ REWRITT5 :ILE MOVIES >E 9 PRODUCTION1 & ?AT :5 IT COMES TO MESSAG+1 EV5 DETAILS LIKE :]E A SC5E IS %OT 70,I KN[1 LET'S HAVE ! COPS FACE (F ) ,BANE'S FOLL[]S RI<T 9 FRONT ( ! ,NEW ,YORK ,/OCK ,EX*ANGE607 OR A M9OR *ANGE ( WORD+ 70LET'S *ANGE 'TAKE CONTROL (' TO 'OCCUPY'07 CAN MAKE ALL ! DIFF]5CE4 ,!N !RE'S ! FACT ?AT ! VILLA9S ACTUALLY DO ATTACK ! ,/OCK ,EX*ANGE4 ,/ILL1 IT'S PRECISELY ?IS AMBITION1 ! FILMMAK]'S WILL+NESS TO TAKE ON ! GREAT ISSUES ( ! DAY1 ?AT RU9S ! MOVIE4 

,IT'S SAD1 BECAUSE BO? ,BATMAN ,BEG9S & ,! ,D>K ,KNI<T HAD MOM5TS ( G5U9E ELOQU5CE4 ,9 ! FIR/ FILMS ( ! TRILOGY1 ,NOLAN HAS SOME 9T]E/+ ?+S TO SAY AB\T HUMAN PSY*OLOGY1 &1 P>TICUL>LY1 AB\T ! RELATION%IP BETWE5 CREATIVITY & VIOL5CE4 ,! ,D>K ,KNI<T ,RISES IS MORE AMBITI\S4 ,IT D>ES TO SPEAK ON A SCALE & GR&EUR APPROPRIATE TO ! TIMES4 ,& 9 DO+ SO1 IT /UTT]$ 9TO 9COH]5CE4 

,I,I4 

,D>K ,KNI<T ,RISES (F]S AN OPPORTUNITY TO ASK SOME POT5TIALLY 5LI<T5+ QUE/IONS AB\T CONTEMPOR>Y CULTURE4 ,:AT >E SUP]H]O MOVIES REALLY ALL AB\T8 ,:AT C\LD EXPLA9 ! SUDD5 EXPLOSION ( SU* MOVIES--ONE SO DRAMATIC ?AT IT SOMETIMES SEEMS ?AT COMIC BOOK-BAS$ MOVIES >E REPLAC+ SCI-FI AS ! MA9 =M ( ,HOLLYWOOD SPECIAL EFFECTS BLOCKBU/]1 ALMO/ AS RAPIDLY AS ! COP MOVIE REPLAC$ ! ,WE/]N AS ! DOM9ANT ACTION G5RE 9 ! '#gS8 

,:Y1 9 ! PROCESS1 HAVE FAMILI> SUP]H]OES SUDD5LY BE5 GIV5 COMPLEX 9T]IORITY3 FAMILY BACKGR\NDS1 AMBIVAL5CE1 MORAL CRISES & SELF-D\BT8 ,& :Y DOES ! V]Y FACT ( !IR RECEIV+ A S\L SEEM TO =CE !M TO ALSO *OOSE SOME K9D ( EXPLICIT POLITICAL ORI5TATION8 ,ONE C\LD >GUE ?AT ?IS HAPP5$ FIR/ NOT ) A COMIC-BOOK *>ACT]1 BUT ) ,JAMES ,BOND4 ,CAS9O ,ROYALE GAVE ,BOND PSY*OLOGICAL DEP? = ! FIR/ TIME4 ,BY ! V]Y NEXT MOVIE HE WAS SAV+ 9DIG5\S COMMUNITIES 9 ,BOLIVIA FROM EVIL TRANSNATIONAL WAT] PRIVATIZ]S4 ,SPID]MAN1 TOO1 BROKE LEFT 9 HIS LATE/ C9EMATIC 9C>NATION1 JU/ AS ,BATMAN BROKE RI<T4 

,9 A WAY1 ?IS MAKES S5SE4 ,SUP]H]OES >E A PRODUCT ( !IR HI/ORICAL ORIG9S4 ,SUP]MAN IS A ,DEPRESSION-]A DISPLAC$ ,I[A F>M BOY2 ,PET] ,P>K]1 A PRODUCT ( ! '#fS1 IS A SM>TASS WORK+-CLASS KID FROM ,QUE5S2 ,BATMAN1 ! BILLIONAIRE PLAYBOY1 IS A SCION ( ! MILIT>Y-9DU/RIAL COMPLEX ?AT WAS CREAT$1 JU/ AS HE WAS1 AT ! BEG9N+ ( ,WORLD ,W> ,I,I4 ,BUT AGA91 9 ! LATE/ MOVIE1 ! SUBTEXT BECAME SURPRIS+LY EXPLICIT 70,Y\'RE NOT A VIGILANTE10 SAYS ! POLICE COMM&]1 0Y\'RE AN AN>*I/6073 P>TICUL>LY 9 ! CLIMAX1 :]E ,SPID]MAN1 W\ND$ BY A POLICE BULLET1 IS RESCU$ BY AN \TBREAK ( WORK+ CLASS SOLID>ITY AS DOZ5S ( CRANE OP]ATORS ACROSS DEFY CITY ORD]S & MOBILIZE TO HELP HIM4 ,NOLAN'S MOVIE IS ! MO/ AMBITI\S1 BUT IT ALSO FALLS ! MO/ OBVI\SLY FLAT4 ,IS ?IS BECAUSE ! SUP]H]O G5RE DOES NOT L5D ITSELF TO A RI<T-W+ MESSAGE8 

,I,I,I4 

,LET'S />T AT ! BEG9N+1 BY LOOK+ SPECIFICALLY AT ! COMIC BOOK /ORIES :]E ! ,T,V %[S1 C>TOON S]IES & BLOCKBU/] MOVIES ULTIMATELY CAME FROM4 ,COMIC-BOOK SUP]H]OES W]E ORIG9ALLY A MID-C5TURY PH5OM5ON1 & LIKE ALL MID-C5TURY POP CULTURE PH5OM5A1 !Y >E ESS5TIALLY ,FREUDIAN4 

,UMB]TO ,ECO ONCE REM>K$ ?AT COMIC BOOK /ORIES ALREADY OP]ATE A LITTLE BIT LIKE DREAMS3 ! SAME PLOT IS REPEAT$1 OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVELY1 OV] & OV]2 NO?+ *ANGES2 & EV5 AS ! BACKDROP = ! /ORIES %IFTS FROM ,GREAT ,DEPRESSION TO ,WORLD ,W> TO PO/W> PROSP]ITY1 ! H]OES1 :E!R !Y >E ,SUP]MAN1 ,WOND] ,WOMAN1 ! ,GRE5 ,HORNET1 OR ! ,MI<TY ,?OR1 SEEM TO EXI/ 9 AN ET]NAL PRES5T1 NEV] AG+1 ALWAYS ! SAME4 

,! PLOT IS ALMO/ ALWAYS SOME APPROXIMATION ( ! FOLL[+3 A BAD GUY1 MAYBE A CRIME BOSS1 MORE (T5 A P[]FUL SUP]VILLA91 EMB>KS ON A PROJECT ( WORLD CONQUE/1 DE/RUCTION1 !FT1 EXTORTION1 OR REV5GE4 ,! H]O IS AL]T$ TO ! DANG] & FIGURES \T :AT'S HAPP5+4 ,AFT] TRIALS & DILEMMAS1 AT ! LA/ POSSIBLE M9UTE ! H]O FOILS ! VILLA9'S PLANS4 ,! WORLD IS RETURN$ TO NORMAL UNTIL ! NEXT EPISODE :5 EXACTLY ! SAME ?+ HAPP5S ONCE AGA94 

,IT DOESN'T TAKE A G5IUS TO FIGURE \T :AT'S GO+ ON H]E4 ,!SE 0H]OES0 >E PURELY REACTION>Y1 9 ! LIT]AL S5SE4 ,!Y HAVE NO PROJECTS ( !IR [N1 AT LEA/ NOT 9 !IR ROLE AS H]OES3 AS ,CL>K ,K5T1 ,SUP]MAN MAY BE CON/ANTLY TRY+1 & FAIL+1 TO GET 9TO ,LOIS ,LANE'S PANTS1 BUT AS ,SUP]MAN1 HE IS PURELY REACTIVE4 ,9 FACT1 SUP]H]OES SEEM ALMO/ UTT]LY LACK+ 9 IMAG9ATION3 LIKE ,BRUCE ,WAYNE1 :O ) ALL ! MONEY 9 ! WORLD CAN'T SEEM TO ?9K ( ANY?+ TO DO ) IT O!R ?AN TO 9DULGE 9 ! OCCASIONAL ACT ( *>ITY2 IT NEV] SEEMS TO OCCUR TO ,SUP]MAN ?AT HE C\LD EASILY C>VE FREE MAGIC CITIES \T ( M\NTA9S4 

,ALMO/ NEV] DO SUP]H]OES MAKE1 CREATE1 OR BUILD ANY?+4 ,! VILLA9S1 9 CONTRA/1 >E 5DLESSLY CREATIVE4 ,!Y >E FULL ( PLANS & PROJECTS & IDEAS4 ,CLE>LY1 WE >E SUPPOS$ TO FIR/1 )\T CONSCI\SLY REALIZ+ IT1 ID5TIFY ) ! VILLA9S4 ,AFT] ALL1 !Y'RE HAV+ ALL ! FUN4 ,!N ( C\RSE WE FEEL GUILTY = IT1 RE-ID5TIFY ) ! H]O1 & HAVE EV5 MORE FUN WAT*+ ! SUP]EGO CLUBB+ ! ]RANT ,ID BACK 9TO SUBMISSION4 

,POLITICALLY SPEAK+1 SUP]H]O COMIC BOOKS CAN SEEM PRETTY 9NOCU\S4 ,IF ALL A COMIC IS TRY+ TO DO IS TO TELL A BUN* ( ADOLESC5T BOYS ?AT EV]YONE HAS A C]TA9 DESIRE = *AOS & MAYHEM1 BUT ?AT ULTIMATELY SU* DESIRES NE$ TO BE CONTROLL$1 ! IMPLICATIONS W\LD NOT SEEM ESPECIALLY DIRE1 ESPECIALLY BECAUSE ! MESSAGE /ILL DOES C>RY A HEAL?Y DOSE ( AMBIVAL5CE4 ,AFT] ALL1 ! H]OES ( EV5 ! MO/ RI<T-LEAN+ ACTION MOVIES SEEM TO SP5D MU* ( !IR TIME SMA%+ UP SUBURBAN %OPP+ MALLS1 SOME?+ MANY ( US W\LD LIKE TO DO AT SOME PO9T 9 \R LIVES4 ,9 ! CASE ( MO/ COMIC BOOK SUP]H]OES1 H[EV]1 ! MAYHEM HAS EXTREMELY CONS]VATIVE POLITICAL IMPLICATIONS4 ,TO UND]/& :Y REQUIRES A BRIEF DIGRESSION ON ! QUE/ION ( CON/ITU5T P[]4 

,I,V4 

,CO/UM$ SUP]H]OES ULTIMATELY BATTLE CRIM9ALS 9 ! NAME ( ! LAW--EV5 IF !Y !MSELVES (T5 OP]ATE \TSIDE A /RICTLY LEGAL FRAMEWORK4 ,BUT 9 ! MOD]N /ATE1 ! V]Y /ATUS ( LAW IS A PROBLEM4 ,?IS IS BECAUSE ( A BASIC LOGICAL P>ADOX3 NO SY/EM CAN G5]ATE ITSELF4 

,ANY P[] CAPABLE ( CREAT+ A SY/EM ( LAW CANNOT ITSELF BE B\ND BY !M4 ,SO LAW HAS TO COME FROM SOME:]E ELSE4 ,9 ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES1 ! SOLUTION WAS SIMPLE3 ! LEGAL ORD] WAS CREAT$1 EI!R DIRECTLY OR 9DIRECTLY1 BY ,GOD4 ,GOD1 AS ! ,OLD ,TE/AM5T MAKES ABUNDANTLY CLE>1 IS NOT B\ND BY LAWS OR EV5 ANY RECOGNIZABLE SY/EM ( MORALITY1 :I* ONLY /&S TO REASON3 IF Y\ CREAT$ MORALITY1 Y\ CAN'T1 BY DEF9ITION1 BE B\ND BY IT4 ,! ,5GLI%1 ,AM]ICAN1 & ,FR5* REVOLUTIONS *ANG$ ALL ?AT :5 !Y CREAT$ ! NOTION ( POPUL> SOV]EIGNTY--DECL>+ ?AT ! P[] ONCE HELD BY K+S IS N[ HELD BY AN 5TITY CALL$ 0! PEOPLE40 

0,! PEOPLE10 H[EV]1 >E B\ND BY ! LAWS4 ,SO 9 :AT S5SE CAN !Y HAVE CREAT$ !M8 ,!Y CREAT$ ! LAWS ?R\< ?OSE REVOLUTIONS !MSELVES1 BUT1 ( C\RSE1 REVOLUTIONS >E ACTS ( LAW-BREAK+4 ,IT IS COMPLETELY ILLEGAL TO RISE UP 9 >MS1 OV]?R[ A GOV]NM5T1 & CREATE A NEW POLITICAL ORD]4 ,CROMWELL1 ,JEFF]SON1 & ,DANTON W]E SURELY GUILTY ( TREASON ACCORD+ TO ! LAWS UND] :I* !Y GREW UP1 AS SURELY AS !Y W\LD HAVE BE5 HAD !Y TRI$ TO DO ! SAME ?+ AGA9 TW5TY YE>S LAT]4 

,SO1 LAWS EM]GE FROM ILLEGAL ACTIVITY4 ,?IS CREATES A FUNDAM5TAL 9COH]5CE 9 ! V]Y IDEA ( MOD]N GOV]NM5T1 :I* ASSUMES ?AT ! /ATE HAS A MONOPOLY ( ! LEGITIMATE USE ( VIOL5CE 7ONLY ! POLICE1 OR PRISON GU>DS1 HAVE ! LEGAL RI<T TO BEAT Y\ UP74 ,IT'S OKAY = POLICE TO USE VIOL5CE BECAUSE !Y >E 5=C+ ! LAW2 ! LAW IS LEGITIMATE BECAUSE IT'S ROOT$ 9 ! CON/ITUTION2 ! CON/ITUTION IS LEGITIMATE BECAUSE IT COMES FROM ! PEOPLE2 ! PEOPLE CREAT$ ! CON/ITUTION BY ACTS ( ILLEGAL VIOL5CE4 ,! OBVI\S QUE/ION1 !N1 IS3 H[ DOES ONE TELL ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 0! PEOPLE0 & A M]E RAMPAG+ MOB8 

,!RE IS NO OBVI\S ANSW]4 

,! RESPONSE1 BY MA9/REAM1 RESPECTABLE OP9ION1 IS TO TRY TO PU% ! PROBLEM AS F> AWAY AS POSSIBLE4 ,! USUAL L9E IS3 ! AGE ( REVOLUTIONS IS OV]1 EXCEPT P]HAPS 9 B5I<T$ SPOTS LIKE ,GABON OR ,SYRIA1 & WE CAN N[ *ANGE ! CON/ITUTION1 OR LEGAL /&>DS1 BY LEGAL MEANS4 ,?IS ( C\RSE MEANS ?AT ! BASIC /RUCTURES WILL NEV] *ANGE4 ,WE CAN WITNESS ! RESULTS 9 ! ,U,S1 :I* CONT9UES TO MA9TA9 AN >*ITECTURE ( /ATE1 ) ITS ELECTORAL COLLEGE & TWO P>TY-SY/EM1 ?AT--:ILE QUITE PROGRESSIVE 9 #a#g#h#i--N[ MAKES US APPE>1 9 ! EYES RE/ ( ! WORLD1 ! POLITICAL EQUIVAL5T ( ! ,AMI%1 /ILL DRIV+ >\ND ) HORSES & BUGGIES4 ,IT ALSO MEANS WE BASE ! LEGITIMACY ( ! :OLE SY/EM ON ! CONS5T ( ! PEOPLE DESPITE ! FACT ?AT ! ONLY PEOPLE :O W]E EV] REALLY CONSULT$ ON ! MATT] LIV$ OV] #b YE>S AGO4 ,9 ,AM]ICA1 AT LEA/1 0! PEOPLE0 >E ALL LONG S9CE DEAD4 

,WE'VE GONE1 !N1 FROM A SITUATION :]E ! P[] TO CREATE A LEGAL ORD] D]IVES FROM ,GOD1 TO ONE :]E IT D]IVES FROM >M$ REVOLUTION1 TO ONE :]E IT IS ROOT$ 9 %E] TRADITION--0!SE >E ! CU/OMS ( \R ANCE/ORS1 :O >E WE TO D\BT !IR WISDOM80 ,( C\RSE1 A NOT 9SIGNIFICANT NUMB] ( ,AM]ICAN POLITICIANS MAKE CLE> !Y'D REALLY LIKE TO GIVE IT BACK TO ,GOD AGA94 ,= ! RADICAL ,LEFT & ! AU?ORIT>IAN ,RI<T ! PROBLEM ( CON/ITU5T P[] IS V]Y MU* ALIVE1 BUT EA* TAKES DIAMETRICALLY OPPOSITE APPROA*ES TO ! FUNDAM5TAL QUE/ION ( VIOL5CE4 

,! ,LEFT1 *A/5$ BY ! DISA/]S ( ! #b? C5TURY1 HAS L>GELY MOV$ AWAY FROM ITS OLD] CELEBRATION ( REVOLUTION>Y VIOL5CE1 PREF]R+ NONVIOL5T =MS ( RESI/ANCE4 ,?OSE :O ACT 9 ! NAME ( SOME?+ HI<] ?AN ! LAW CAN DO SO PRECISELY BECAUSE !Y DON'T ACT LIKE A RAMPAG+ MOB4 

,= ! ,RI<T1 ON ! O!R H&--& ?IS HAS BE5 TRUE S9CE ! RISE ( FASCISM 9 ! '#bS--! V]Y IDEA ?AT !RE IS SOME?+ SPECIAL AB\T REVOLUTION>Y VIOL5CE1 ANY?+ ?AT MAKES IT DIFF]5T FROM M]E CRIM9AL VIOL5CE1 IS SO MU* SELF-RI<TE\S TWADDLE4 ,VIOL5CE IS VIOL5CE4 ,BUT ?AT DOESN'T MEAN A RAMPAG+ MOB CAN'T BE 0! PEOPLE10 BECAUSE VIOL5CE IS ! REAL S\RCE ( LAW & POLITICAL ORD] ANYWAY4 ,ANY SUCCESSFUL DEPLOYM5T ( VIOL5CE IS1 9 ITS [N WAY1 A =M ( CON/ITU5T P[]4 

,?IS IS :Y1 AS ,WALT] ,B5JAM9 NOT$1 WE CANNOT HELP BUT ADMIRE ! 0GREAT CRIM9AL03 BECAUSE1 AS SO MANY MOVIE PO/]S PUT IT1 0HE MAKES HIS [N LAW40 ,AFT] ALL1 ANY CRIM9AL ORGANIZATION DOES1 9EVITABLY1 BEG9 DEVELOP+ ITS [N--(T5 QUITE ELABORATE--SET ( 9T]NAL LAWS4 ,!Y HAVE TO1 AS A WAY ( CONTROLL+ :AT W\LD O!RWISE BE COMPLETELY R&OM VIOL5CE4 ,FROM ! RI<T-W+ P]SPECTIVE1 ?AT'S ALL ?AT LAW EV] IS4 ,IT IS A MEANS ( CONTROLL+ ! V]Y VIOL5CE ?AT BR+S IT 9TO BE+1 & ?R\< :I* IT IS ULTIMATELY 5=C$4 

,?IS MAKES IT EASI] TO UND]/& ! (T5 SURPRIS+ AFF9ITY BETWE5 CRIM9ALS1 CRIM9AL GANGS1 RI<T-W+ POLITICAL MOVEM5TS1 & ! >M$ REPRES5TATIVE /ATE4 ,ULTIMATELY1 !Y SPEAK ! SAME LANGUAGE4 ,!Y CREATE !IR [N RULES ON ! BASIS ( =CE4 ,AS A RESULT1 !Y TYPICALLY %>E ! SAME BROAD POLITICAL S5SIBILITIES4 ,MUSSOL9I MI<T HAVE WIP$ \T ! MAFIA1 BUT ,ITALIAN ,MAFIOSI /ILL IDOLIZE ,MUSSOL9I4 ,9 ,A!NS1 N[ADAYS1 !RE'S ACTIVE COLLABORATION BETWE5 ! CRIME BOSSES 9 POOR IMMIGRANT NEI<BORHOODS1 FASCI/ GANGS1 & ! POLICE4 ,9 FACT1 9 ?IS CASE IT WAS CLE>LY A POLITICAL /RATEGY3 FAC$ ) ! PROSPECT ( POPUL> UPRIS+S AGA9/ A RI<T-W+ GOV]NM5T1 ! POLICE FIR/ )DREW PROTECTION FROM NEI<BORHOODS NE> ! IMMIGRANT GANGS1 !N />T$ GIV+ TACIT SUPPORT TO ! FASCI/S4 ,= ! F>-RI<T1 !N1 IT IS 9 ?AT SPACE :]E DIFF]5T VIOL5T =CES OP]AT+ \TSIDE ( ! LEGAL ORD] 9T]ACT ?AT NEW =MS ( P[]1 & H5CE ( ORD]1 CAN EM]GE4 

,V4 

,:AT DOES ALL ?IS HAVE TO DO ) CO/UM$ SUP]H]OES8 ,WELL1 EV]Y?+4 ,BECAUSE ?IS IS EXACTLY ! SPACE ?AT SUP]H]OES1 & SUP]-VILLA9S1 ALSO 9HABIT4 ,AN 9H]5TLY FASCI/ SPACE1 9HABIT$ ONLY BY GANG/]S1 W\LD-BE DICTATORS1 POLICE1 & ?UGS1 ) 5DLESSLY BLURR+ L9ES BETWE5 !M4 

,SOMETIMES ! COPS >E LEGALI/IC1 SOMETIMES !Y'RE CORRUPT4 ,SOMETIMES ! POLICE !MSELVES SLIP 9TO VIGILANTISM4 ,SOMETIMES !Y PURSUE ! SUP]H]O1 SOMETIMES !Y LOOK ! O!R WAY1 SOMETIMES !Y HELP4 ,VILLA9S & H]OES OCCASIONALLY TEAM UP4 ,! L9ES ( =CE >E ALWAYS %IFT+4 ,IF ANY?+ NEW W]E TO EM]GE1 IT C\LD ONLY BE ?R\< SU* %IFT+ =CES4 ,!RE'S NO?+ ELSE1 S9CE1 9 ! ,D,C & ,M>VEL UNIV]SES1 NEI!R ,GOD NOR ,! ,PEOPLE REALLY EXI/4 

,9S(> AS !RE IS A POT5TIAL = CON/ITU5T P[] !N1 IT CAN ONLY COME FROM PURVEYORS ( VIOL5CE4 ,! SUP]VILLA9S & EVIL MA/]M9DS1 :5 !Y >E NOT M]ELY 9DULG+ 9 R&OM ACTS ( T]ROR1 >E ALWAYS S*EM+ ( IMPOS+ A ,NEW ,WORLD ,ORD] ( SOME K9D OR ANO!R4 ,SURELY1 IF ,R$ ,SKULL1 ,KANG ! ,CONQU]OR1 OR ,DOCTOR ,DOOM EV] DID SUCCE$ 9 TAK+ OV] ! PLANET1 !RE W\LD BE LOTS ( NEW LAWS CREAT$ V]Y QUICKLY1 AL?\< !IR CREATOR W\LD D\BTLESS NOT HIMSELF FEEL B\ND BY !M4 ,SUP]H]OES RESI/ ?IS LOGIC4 ,!Y DO NOT WI% TO CONQU] ! WORLD--IF ONLY BECAUSE !Y >E NOT MONOMANIACAL OR 9SANE4 ,AS A RESULT1 !Y REMA9 P>ASITICAL (F ! VILLA9S 9 ! SAME WAY ?AT POLICE REMA9 P>ASITICAL (F CRIM9ALS3 )\T !M1 !Y'D HAVE NO REASON TO EXI/4 ,!Y REMA9 DEF5D]S ( A LEGAL & POLITICAL SY/EM :I* ITSELF SEEMS TO HAVE COME \T ( NO:]E1 & :I*1 H[EV] FAULTY OR DEGRAD$1 MU/ BE DEF5D$1 BECAUSE ! ONLY ALT]NATIVE IS SO MU* WORSE4 

,!Y >5'T FASCI/S4 ,!Y >E JU/ ORD9>Y1 DEC5T1 SUP]-P[]FUL PEOPLE :O 9HABIT A WORLD 9 :I* FASCISM IS ! ONLY POLITICAL POSSIBILITY4 

,V,I4 

,:Y1 MI<T WE ASK1 W\LD A =M ( 5T]TA9M5T PREMIS$ ON SU* A PECULI> NOTION ( POLITICS EM]GE 9 E>LY TO MID-#b? C5TURY ,AM]ICA1 AT JU/ >\ND ! TIME ?AT ACTUAL FASCISM WAS ON ! RISE 9 ,EUROPE8 ,WAS IT SOME K9D ( FANTASY ,AM]ICAN EQUIVAL5T8 ,NOT EXACTLY4 ,IT'S MORE ?AT BO? FASCISM & SUP]H]OES W]E PRODUCTS ( SIMIL> HI/ORICAL PR$ICAM5T3 ,:AT IS ! F\NDATION ( SOCIAL ORD] :5 ONE HAS EXORCIZ$ ! V]Y IDEA ( REVOLUTION8 ,& ABOVE ALL1 :AT HAPP5S TO ! POLITICAL IMAG9ATION8 

,ONE MI<T BEG9 H]E BY CONSID]+ ?AT ! CORE AUDI5CE = SUP]H]O COMICS IS ADOLESC5T OR PRE-ADOLESC5T :ITE BOYS4 ,?AT IS3 BOYS :O >E AT A PO9T 9 !IR LIVES :]E !Y >E LIKELY TO BE BO? MAXIMALLY IMAG9ATIVE & AT LEA/ A LITTLE BIT REBELLI\S1 BUT :O >E BE+ GROOM$ TO EV5TUALLY TAKE ON POSITIONS ( AU?ORITY & P[] 9 ! WORLD1 TO BE FA!RS1 %]IFFS1 SMALL BUS9ESS [N]S1 MIDDLE MANAGEM5T4 ,:AT DO !Y LE>N FROM !SE 5DLESS REPEAT$ DRAMAS8 ,WELL1 FIR/ (F1 ?AT IMAG9ATION & REBELLION LEAD TO VIOL5CE4 ,SECOND1 ?AT1 LIKE IMAG9ATION & REBELLION1 VIOL5CE IS A LOT ( FUN2 ?IRDLY1 ?AT VIOL5CE MU/ ULTIMATELY BE DIRECT$ BACK AGA9/ ANY OV]FL[ IMAG9ATION & REBELLION LE/ EV]Y?+ GO ASKEW4 ,!SE ?+S MU/ BE CONTA9$6 ,?IS IS :Y1 9S(> AS SUP]H]OES >E ALL[$ TO BE IMAG9ATIVE 9 ANY WAY1 !IR IMAG9ATION CAN ONLY BE EXT5D$ TO ! DESIGN ( !IR CLO!S1 !IR C>S1 MAYBE !IR HOMES1 !IR V>I\S ACCESSORIES4 

,IT'S 9 ?IS S5SE ?AT ! LOGIC ( ! SUP]H]O PLOT IS PR(\NDLY1 DEEPLY CONS]VATIVE4 ,ULTIMATELY1 ! DIVISION BETWE5 ,LEFT- & ,RI<T-W+ S5SIBILITIES TURNS ON ONE'S ATTITUDE T[>DS ! IMAG9ATION4 ,= ! ,LEFT1 IMAG9ATION1 CREATIVITY1 BY EXT5SION PRODUCTION1 ! P[] TO BR+ NEW ?+S & NEW SOCIAL >RANGEM5TS 9TO BE+1 IS ALWAYS TO BE CELEBRAT$4 ,IT IS ! S\RCE ( ALL REAL VALUE 9 ! WORLD4 ,= ! ,RI<T1 IT IS DANG]\S1 & ULTIMATELY EVIL4 ,! URGE TO CREATE IS ALSO A DE/RUCTIVE URGE4 ,?IS K9D ( S5SIBILITY WAS RIFE 9 ! POPUL> ,FREUDIANISM ( ! DAY3 ! ,ID WAS ! MOTOR ( ! PSY*E1 BUT ALSO AMORAL2 IF REALLY UNLEA%$1 IT W\LD LEAD TO AN ORGY ( DE/RUCTION4 ,?IS IS ALSO :AT SEP>ATES CONS]VATIVES FROM FASCI/S4 ,BO? AGREE ?AT ! IMAG9ATION UNLEA%$ CAN ONLY LEAD TO VIOL5CE & DE/RUCTION4 ,CONS]VATIVES WI% TO DEF5D US AGA9/ ?AT POSSIBILITY4 ,FASCI/S WI% TO UNLEA% IT ANYWAY4 ,!Y ASPIRE TO BE1 AS ,HITL] IMAG9$ HIMSELF1 GREAT >TI/S PA9T+ ) ! M9DS1 BLOOD1 & S9EWS ( HUMANITY4 

,?IS MEANS ?AT IT'S NOT JU/ ! MAYHEM ?AT BECOMES ! READ]'S GUILTY PLEASURE1 BUT ! V]Y FACT ( HAV+ A FANTASY LIFE AT ALL4 ,& :ILE IT MI<T SEEM ODD TO ?9K ANY >TI/IC G5RE IS ULTIMATELY A W>N+ AB\T ! DANG]S ( ! HUMAN IMAG9ATION1 IT W\LD C]TA9 EXPLA9 :Y1 9 ! /AID '#dS & '#eS1 EV]YONE DID SEEM TO FEEL !RE WAS SOME?+ VAGUELY NAU<TY AB\T READ+ !M4 ,IT ALSO EXPLA9S H[ 9 ! '#fS IT C\LD ALL SUDD5LY SEEM SO H>MLESS1 ALL[+ ! ADV5T ( SILLY1 CAMPY ,T,V SUP]H]OES LIKE ! ,ADAM ,WE/ ,BATMAN S]IES1 OR ,SATURDAY MORN+ ,SPID]MAN C>TOONS4 

,IF ! MESSAGE WAS ?AT REBELLI\S IMAG9ATION WAS OKAY AS LONG AS IT WAS KEPT \T ( POLITICS1 & SIMPLY CONF9$ TO CONSUM] *OICES 7CLO!S1 C>S1 & ACCESSORIES71 ?IS HAD BECOME A MESSAGE ?AT EV5 EXECUTIVE PRODUC]S C\LD EASILY GET BEH9D4 

,V,I,I4 

,IF ! CLASSIC COMIC BOOK IS O/5SIBLY POLITICAL 7AB\T MADM5 TRY+ TO TAKE OV] ! WORLD71 REALLY PSY*OLOGICAL & P]SONAL 7AB\T OV]COM+ ! DANG]S ( REBELLI\S ADOLESC5CE71 BUT ULTIMATELY POLITICAL AFT] ALL1 !N ! NEW SUP]H]O MOVIES >E PRECISELY ! REV]SE4 ,!Y >E O/5SIBLY PSY*OLOGICAL & P]SONAL1 REALLY POLITICAL1 BUT ULTIMATELY PSY*OLOGICAL & P]SONAL4 

,! HUMANIZATION ( SUP]H]OES DIDN'T />T 9 ! MOVIES4 ,IT ACTUALLY BEGAN 9 ! '#hS & '#iS1 )9 ! COMIC BOOK G5RE ITSELF1 ) ,FRANK ,MILL]'S ,D>K ,KNI<T ,RETURNS & ,ALAN ,MOORE'S ,WAT*M5--:AT MI<T BE CALL$ SUP]H]O NOIRE4 ,AT ?AT TIME1 SUP]H]O MOVIES W]E /ILL WORK+ ?R\< ! LEGACY ( ! '#fS CAMP TRADITION4 ,ONE MI<T SAY ! NEW SPIRIT REA*$ ITS C9EMATIC PEAK 9 ,BATMAN ,BEG9S1 ! FIR/ ( ! ,NOLAN TRILOGY4 ,9 ?AT MOVIE1 ,NOLAN ESS5TIALLY ASKS1 0:AT IF SOMEONE LIKE ,BATMAN ACTUALLY DID EXI/1 9 ! REAL WORLD8 ,:AT W\LD IT ACTUALLY TAKE TO MAKE SOMEONE WANT TO DRESS UP AS A BAT & ATTACK CRIM9ALS80 

,UNSURPRIS+LY1 PSY*$ELIC DRUGS PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE4 ,SO DO SEV]E M5TAL HEAL? ISSUES1 & A HI/ORY ( ASSOCIATION ) BIZ>RE RELIGI\S CULTS4 ,IT IS CURI\S ?AT COMM5TATORS ON ! MOVIE NEV] SEEM TO PICK UP ON ! FACT ?AT ,BRUCE ,WAYNE1 9 ! ,NOLAN FILMS1 IS BORD]L9E PSY*OTIC4 

,AS HIMSELF HE IS ALMO/ COMPLETELY DYSFUNCTIONAL1 9CAPABLE ( =M+ FRI5D%IPS OR ROMANTIC ATTA*M5TS1 UN9T]E/$ 9 WORK UNLESS IT SOMEH[ RE9=CES HIS MORBID OBSESSIONS4 ,! H]O WAS SO OBVI\SLY CRAZY1 & ! MOVIE SO OBVI\SLY AB\T HIS BATTLE ) HIS [N CRAZ9ESS1 ?AT IT'S NOT A PROBLEM ?AT ! VILLA9S >E JU/ A S]IES ( EGO-APP5DAGES1 ESPECIALLY 9 ! FIR/ FILM ( ! TRILOGY3 ,RA'S AL ,<UL 7! BAD FA!R71 ! ,CRIME BOSS 7! SUCCESSFUL BUS9ESSMAN71 ! ,SC>ECR[ 7:O DRIVES ! BUS9ESSMAN 9SANE47 ,!RE'S NO?+ P>TICUL>LY APPEAL+ AB\T ANY ( !M1 BUT ?AT DOESN'T MATT]3 !Y'RE ALL JU/ %>DS & TESS]A ( ! H]O'S %ATT]$ M9D4 ,AS A RESULT1 !RE'S OBVI\SLY A POLITICAL MESSAGE4 ,OR SO IT SEEMS4 ,:5 Y\ CREATE A MOVIE \T ( *>ACT]S SO 5CRU/$ ) MY? & CANON HI/ORY1 NO DIRECTOR IS 5TIRELY 9 CONTROL ( HIS MAT]IAL4 

,9 ! MOVIE1 ,RA'S AL ,<UL FIR/ 9ITIATES ,BATMAN 9TO ! ,LEAGUE ( ,%AD[S 9 A MONA/]Y 9 ,BHUTAN1 & ONLY !N REVEALS HIS PLAN TO DE/ROY ,GO?AM TO RID ! WORLD ( ITS CORRUPTION4 ,9 ! ORIG9AL COMICS1 WE LE>N ?AT ,RA'S AL-,<UL--A *>ACT] 9TRODUC$1 TELL+LY1 9 #a#i#g#a--IS 9 FACT A ,Z]ZANESQUE ,PRIMITIVI/ & ECO-T]RORI/1 DET]M9$ TO RE/ORE ! BALANCE ( NATURE BY R$UC+ ! E>?'S HUMAN POPULATION BY R\<LY #ii P]C5T4 ,NONE ( ! VILLA9S 9 ANY ( ! ?REE MOVIES WANT TO RULE ! WORLD4 ,!Y DON'T WI% TO HAVE P[] OV] O!RS1 OR TO CREATE NEW RULES ( ANY SORT4 ,EV5 !IR H5*M5 >E TEMPOR>Y EXP$I5TS--!Y ALWAYS ULTIMATELY PLAN TO KILL !M4 

,NOLAN'S VILLA9S1 9 %ORT1 >E ALWAYS AN>*I/S1 BUT !Y'RE ALWAYS V]Y PECULI> AN>*I/S1 ( A SORT ?AT SEEM TO EXI/ ONLY 9 ! FILMMAK]'S IMAG9ATION4 ,!Y >E AN>*I/S :O BELIEVE ?AT HUMAN NATURE IS FUNDAM5TALLY EVIL & CORRUPT4 ,! ,JOK]1 ! REAL H]O ( ! SECOND MOVIE1 MAKES ALL ( ?IS EXPLICIT3 HE IS ! ,ID BECOME PHILOSOPH]4 

,! ,JOK] IS NAMELESS1 HAS NO ORIG9 O!R ?AN :ATEV] HE :IMSICALLY 9V5TS ON ANY P>TICUL> OCCASION1 & IT'S NOT EV5 CLE> :AT HIS P[]S >E4 ,YET HE IS1 9EXORABLY1 P[]FUL4 ,! ,JOK] IS A PURE =CE ( SELF-CREATION1 A POEM WRITT5 BY HIMSELF4 ,HIS ONLY PURPOSE 9 LIFE APPE>S TO BE AN OBSESSIVE NE$ TO PROVE TO O!RS FIR/1 ?AT EV]Y?+ IS & CAN ONLY BE POETRY--& SECOND1 ?AT POETRY IS EVIL4 

,V,I,I,I4 

,SO H]E WE >E BACK TO ! C5TRAL !ME ( ! E>LY SUP]H]O UNIV]SES3 A PROLONG$ REFLECTION ON ! DANG]S ( ! HUMAN IMAG9ATION1 H[ ! READ]'S [N DESIRE TO IMM]SE ONESELF 9 A WORLD DRIV5 BY >TI/IC IMP]ATIVES IS LIV+ PRO( ( :Y ?AT ! IMAG9ATION MU/ ALWAYS BE C>EFULLY CONTA9$4 

,! RESULT IS A ?RILL+ MOVIE1 ) A VILLA9 BO? LIKABLE--HE'S JU/ SO OBVI\SLY HAV+ FUN ) IT--& G5U9ELY FRI<T5+4 ,BATMAN ,BEG9S WAS M]ELY FULL ( PEOPLE TALK+ AB\T FE>4 ,! ,D>K ,KNI<T ACTUALLY PRODUC$ SOME4 ,BUT EV5 ?AT MOVIE BEG9S TO FALL FLAT ! MOM5T IT T\*ES ON POPUL> POLITICS4 ,! 5D1 :5 ,BRUCE & ,COMMISSION] ,GORDON SETTLE ON ! PLAN TO SCAPEGOAT ,BATMAN & CREATE A FALSE MY? >\ND ! M>TYRDOM ( ,H>VEY ,D5T1 IS NO?+ %ORT ( A CONFESSION ?AT POLITICS IS ID5TICAL TO ! >T ( FICTION4 ,! ,JOK] WAS RI<T3 R$EMPTION LIES ONLY 9 ! FACT ?AT ! VIOL5CE1 ! DECEPTION1 CAN BE TURN$ BACK UPON ITSELF4 ,NOLAN W\LD HAVE DONE WELL TO LEAVE IT AT ?AT4 

,! PROBLEM IS ?AT ?IS VISION ( POLITICS SIMPLY ISN'T TRUE4 ,POLITICS IS NOT JU/ ! >T ( MANIPULAT+ IMAGES1 BACK$ UP BY VIOL5CE4 ,IT'S NOT JU/ A DUEL BETWE5 IMPRES>IOS BE=E AN AUDI5CE ?AT WILL BELIEVE MO/ ANY?+ IF PRES5T$ >TFULLY 5\<4 ,NO D\BT IT MU/ SEEM ?AT WAY TO EXTRAORD9>ILY WEAL?Y ,HOLLYWOOD FILM DIRECTORS1 BUT BETWE5 ! %OOT+ ( ! FIR/ & SECOND MOVIES1 HI/ORY 9T]V5$ QUITE DECISIVELY TO PO9T ?AT \T JU/ H[ WRONG ?IS VISION IS4 

,! ECONOMY COLLAPS$4 ,NOT BECAUSE ( ! MANIPULATIONS ( SOME SECRET SOCIETY ( W>RIOR MONKS1 BUT BECAUSE ( A BUN* ( F9ANCIAL MANAG]S :O1 LIV+ 9 ,NOLAN'S BUBBLE WORLD & %>+ HIS ASSUMPTIONS AB\T ! 5DLESSNESS ( POPUL> MANIPULABILITY1 TURN$ \T TO BE WRONG4 ,!RE WAS A MASS POPUL> RESPONSE4 ,IT DID NOT TAKE ! =M ( A FR5ETIC SE>* = MESSIANIC SAVIORS1 MIX$ ) \TBREAKS ( NIHILI/ VIOL5CE3 9CREAS+LY1 IT TOOK ! =M ( A S]IES ( REAL POPUL> MOVEM5TS1 EV5 REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5TS1 TOPPL+ REGIMES 9 ! ,MIDDLE ,EA/ & OCCUPY+ SQU>ES EV]Y:]E FROM ,CLEVEL& TO ,K>A*I1 TRY+ TO CREATE NEW =MS ( DEMOCRACY4 

,CON/ITU5T P[] HAD REAPPE>$1 & 9 AN IMAG9ATIVE1 RADICAL1 & REM>KABLY NONVIOL5T =M4 ,?IS IS PRECISELY ! K9D ( SITUATION A SUP]H]O UNIV]SE CANNOT ADDRESS4 ,9 ,NOLAN'S WORLD1 SOME?+ LIKE ,OCCUPY C\LD ONLY HAVE BE5 ! PRODUCT ( SOME T9Y GR\P ( +5I\S MANIPULATORS :O REALLY >E PURSU+ SOME SECRET AG5DA4 

,! ,BATMAN S]IES REALLY %\LD HAVE LEFT SU* TOPICS ALONE1 BUT APP>5TLY ,NOLAN C\LDN'T HELP HIMSELF4 ,! RESULT IS ALMO/ COMPLETELY 9COH]5T4 ,! PLOT IS CONVOLUT$ & B>ELY WOR? REC\NT+4 ,A RIVAL BUS9ESSMAN HIRES ,CATWOMAN TO /EAL HIS ,BRUCE ,WAYNE'S F+]PR9TS SO HE CAN USE !M TO /EAL ALL HIS MONEY1 BUT REALLY HE IS BE+ MANIPULAT$ BY A GASMASK-WE>+ SUP]VILLA9 M]C5>Y NAM$ ,BANE4 ,BANE IS /RONG] ?AN ,BATMAN1 BUT HE'S P9+ ) UNREQUIT$ LOVE = ,RA'S AL-,<UL'S DAU<T] ,TALIA1 CRIPPL$ BY MI/REATM5T 9 HIS Y\? 9 A DUNGEON-LIKE PRISON1 HIS FACE 9VISIBLE BEH9D A MASK HE MU/ WE> CONT9UALLY SO AS NOT TO COLLAPSE 9 AGONIZ+ PA94 ,9S(> AS ! AUDI5CE ID5TIFIES ) A VILLA9 LIKE ?AT1 IT CAN ONLY BE \T ( SYMPA?Y4 ,NO ONE 9 !IR RI<T M9D W\LD WANT TO BE ,BANE4 

,PRESUMABLY1 ?\<1 ?AT'S ! PO9T3 A W>N+ AGA9/ ! DANG]S ( UNDUE SYMPA?Y = ! UN=TUNATE4 ,BECAUSE ,BANE IS ALSO A *>ISMATIC REVOLUTION>Y1 :O AFT] DISPOS+ ( ,BATMAN1 REVEALS ! MY? ( ,H>VEY ,D5T TO BE A LIE1 FREES ! D5IZ5'S ( ,GO?AM'S PRISONS1 TRAPS ALMO/ ITS 5TIRE POLICE =CE UND]GR\ND1 & RELEASES ITS EV]-IMPRESSIONABLE POPULACE TO & SACK & BURN ! MANSIONS ( ! #a.01 DRAGG+ !M BE=E REVOLUTION>Y TRIBUNALS4 ,! ,SC>ECR[1 AMUS+LY1 REAPPE>S AS ,ROBESPI]RE4 ,EV5TUALLY1 H[EV]1 HE'S 9T5D+ TO KILL !M ALL ) A NUCLE> BOMB CONV]T$ FROM SOME K9D ( GRE5 5]GY PROJECT4 ,! REASON = ?IS REMA9S UNCLE>4 

,:Y DOES ,BANE WI% TO LEAD ! PEOPLE 9 A SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 IF HE'S JU/ GO+ TO NUKE !M ALL 9 A FEW WEEKS ANYWAY8 ,IT'S ANYONE'S GUESS4 ,HE CLAIMS ?AT BE=E Y\ DE/ROY SOMEONE1 FIR/ Y\ MU/ GIVE !M HOPE4 ,SO IS ! MESSAGE ?AT UTOPIAN DREAMS CAN ONLY LEAD TO NIHILI/IC VIOL5CE8 ,PRESUMABLY SOME?+ LIKE ?AT1 BUT IT'S S+UL>LY UNCONV9C+1 S9CE ! PLAN TO KILL EV]YONE CAME FIR/1 & ! REVOLUTION WAS A DECORATIVE AFT]?\<T4 ,9 FACT1 :AT HAPP5S TO ! CITY CAN ONLY POSSIBLY MAKE S5SE AS A MAT]IAL E*O ( :AT'S ALWAYS BE5 MO/ IMPORTANT3 :AT'S HAPP5+ 9 ,BRUCE ,WAYNE'S TORTUR$ BRA94 

,9 ! 5D1 ,BATMAN & ! ,GO?AM POLICE RISE FROM !IR RESPECTIVE DUNGEONS & JO9 =CES TO BATTLE ! EVIL ,OCCUPI]S \TSIDE ! ,/OCK ,EX*ANGE1 ,BATMAN FAKES HIS [N DEA? DISPOS+ ( ! BOMB1 & ,BRUCE 5DS UP ) ,CATWOMAN 9 ,FLOR5CE4 ,A NEW PHONY M>TYR LEG5D IS BORN & ! PEOPLE ( ,GO?AM >E PACIFI$4 ,9 CASE ( FUR!R TR\BLE1 WE >E ASSUR$ !RE IS ALSO A POT5TIAL HEIR TO ,BATMAN1 A DISILLUSION$ POLICE (FIC] NAM$ ,ROB94 ,! MOVIE F9ALLY 5DS1 & EV]YONE BREA!S A SI< ( RELIEF4 

,I,X4 

,IF !RE'S SUPPOS$ TO BE A TAKE-HOME MESSAGE FROM ALL ( ?IS1 IT MU/ RUN SOME?+ LIKE3 0,YES1 ! SY/EM IS CORRUPT1 BUT IT'S ALL WE HAVE1 & ANYWAY1 FIGURES ( AU?ORITY CAN BE TRU/$ IF !Y HAVE FIR/ BE5 *A/5$ & 5DUR$ T]RIBLE SUFF]+40 ,NORMAL POLICE LET *ILDR5 DIE ON BRIDGES1 BUT POLICE :O'VE BE5 BURI$ ALIVE = WEEKS CAN EMPLOY VIOL5CE LEGITIMATELY4 ,*>ITY IS MU* BETT] ?AN ADDRESS+ /RUCTURAL PROBLEMS4 ,ANY ATTEMPT TO ADDRESS /RUCTURAL PROBLEMS1 EV5 ?R\< NONVIOL5T CIVIL DISOB$I5CE1 REALLY IS A =M ( VIOL5CE1 BECAUSE ?AT'S ALL IT C\LD POSSIBLY BE4 ,IMAG9ATIVE POLITICS >E 9H]5TLY VIOL5T1 & !RE=E !RE'S NO?+ 9APPROPRIATE IF POLICE RESPOND BY SMA%+ PROTE/]S' HEADS REPEAT$LY AGA9/ ! CONCRETE4 

,AS A RESPONSE TO ,OCCUPY1 ?IS IS NO?+ %ORT ( PA!TIC4 ,:5 ,D>K ,KNI<T CAME \T 9 #b#h1 !RE WAS MU* DISCUSSION OV] :E!R ! :OLE ?+ WAS REALLY A VA/ METAPHOR = ! W> ON T]ROR3 H[ F> IS IT OKAY = ! GOOD GUYS 7,AM]ICA1 OBVI\SLY7 TO ADAPT ! BAD GUY'S ME?ODS8 ,! FILMMAK]S MANAG$ TO RESPOND TO !SE ISSUES & /ILL PRODUCE A GOOD MOVIE4 ,?IS IS BECAUSE ! ,W> ON ,T]ROR ACTUALLY WAS A BATTLE ( SECRET NETWORKS & MANIPULATIVE SPECTACLES4 ,IT BEGAN ) A BOMB & 5D$ ) AN ASSASS9ATION4 ,ONE CAN ALMO/ ?9K ( IT AS AN ATTEMPT1 ON BO? SIDES1 TO ACTUALLY 5ACT A COMIC BOOK V]SION ( ! UNIV]SE4 

,ONCE REAL CON/ITU5T P[] APPE>$ ON ! SC5E1 ?AT UNIV]SE %RIVEL$ 9TO 9COH]5CE4 ,REVOLUTIONS W]E SWEEP+ ! ,MIDDLE ,EA/ & ! ,U,S WAS /ILL SP5D+ HUNDR$S ( BILLIONS ( DOLL>S FI<T+ A RAGTAG BUN* ( SEM9>Y /UD5TS 9 ,AF<ANI/AN4 ,UN=TUNATELY = ,NOLAN1 = ALL HIS MANIPULATIVE P[]S ! SAME ?+ HAPP5$ TO HIS WORLD :5 EV5 ! H9T ( REAL POPUL> P[] >RIV$ 9 ,NEW ,YORK4 

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