,*APT] #f1 ,SECTION #f4#b 
,! ,DISA/]S 9 ,LABOR & ! ,P]V]SION ( ,IDEAS ,CAUS$ BY ,MONOPOLY 

#ahdfahdf 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PI]RE-,JOSEPH ,PR\DHON 

,TEXT 3 

 #b4 -- ,! DISA/]S 9 LABOR & ! P]V]SION ( IDEAS CAUS$ BY MONOPOLY4 

  

,LIKE COMPETITION1 MONOPOLY IMPLIES A CONTRADICTION 9 ITS NAME & ITS DEF9ITION4 ,9 FACT1 S9CE CONSUMPTION & PRODUCTION >E ID5TICAL ?+S 9 SOCIETY1 & S9CE SELL+ IS SYNONYM\S ) BUY+1 :OEV] SAYS PRIVILEGE ( SALE OR EXPLOITATION NECESS>ILY SAYS PRIVILEGE ( CONSUMPTION & PUR*ASE3 :I* 5DS 9 ! D5IAL ( BO?4 ,H5CE A PROHIBITION ( CONSUMPTION AS WELL AS ( PRODUCTION LAID BY MONOPOLY UPON ! WAGE-RECEIV]S4 ,COMPETITION WAS CIVIL W>1 MONOPOLY IS ! MASSACRE ( ! PRISON]S4 

,!SE V>I\S PROPOSITIONS >E SUPPORT$ BY ALL SORTS ( EVID5CE1 -- PHYSICAL1 ALGEBRAIC1 & METAPHYSICAL4 ,:AT ,I %ALL ADD WILL BE ONLY ! AMPLIFI$ EXPOSITION3 !IR SIMPLE ANN\NCEM5T DEMON/RATES !M4 

,EV]Y SOCIETY CONSID]$ 9 ITS ECONOMIC RELATIONS NATURALLY DIVIDES ITSELF 9TO CAPITALI/S & LABOR]S1 EMPLOY]S & WAGE-RECEIV]S1 DI/RIBUT$ UPON A SCALE :OSE DEGREES M>K ! 9COME ( EA*1 :E!R ?IS 9COME BE COMPOS$ ( WAGES1 PR(IT1 9T]E/1 R5T1 OR DIVID5DS4 

,FROM ?IS HI]>*ICAL DI/RIBUTION ( P]SONS & 9COMES IT FOLL[S ?AT ,SAY'S PR9CIPLE JU/ REF]R$ TO3 ,9 A NATION ! NET PRODUCT IS EQUAL TO ! GROSS PRODUCT1 IS NO LONG] TRUE1 S9CE1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( MONOPOLY1 ! SELL+ PRICE IS MU* HI<] ?AN ! CO/ PRICE4 ,N[1 AS IT IS ! CO/ PRICE NEV]!LESS :I* MU/ PAY ! SELL+ PRICE1 S9CE A NATION REALLY HAS NO M>KET BUT ITSELF1 IT FOLL[S ?AT EX*ANGE1 & CONSEQU5TLY CIRCULATION & LIFE1 >E IMPOSSIBLE4 

,9 ,FRANCE1 TW5TY MILLIONS ( LABOR]S1 5GAG$ 9 ALL ! BRAN*ES ( SCI5CE1 >T1 & 9DU/RY1 PRODUCE EV]Y?+ :I* IS USEFUL TO MAN4 ,!IR AGGREGATE ANNUAL WAGES AM\NT1 IT IS E/IMAT$1 TO TW5TY ?\S& MILLIONS2 BUT1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ! PR(IT 7NET PRODUCT & 9T]E/7 ACCRU+ TO MONOPOLI/S1 TW5TY-FIVE ?\S& MILLIONS MU/ BE PAID = !IR PRODUCTS4 ,N[1 AS ! NATION HAS NO O!R BUY]S ?AN ITS WAGE-RECEIV]S & WAGE-PAY]S1 & AS ! LATT] DO NOT PAY = ! =M]1 & AS ! SELL+-PRICE ( M]*&ISE IS ! SAME = ALL1 IT IS CLE> ?AT1 TO MAKE CIRCULATION POSSIBLE1 ! LABOR] W\LD HAVE TO PAY FIVE = ?AT = :I* HE HAS RECEIV$ BUT F\R4 -- ,:AT IS ,PROP]TY3 ,*APT] ,I,V4.<#a.> 

,?IS1 !N1 IS ! REASON :Y WEAL? & POV]TY >E COR-RELATIVE1 9SEP>ABLE1 NOT ONLY 9 IDEA1 BUT 9 FACT2 ?IS IS ! REASON :Y !Y EXI/ CONCURR5TLY2 ?IS IS :AT JU/IFIES ! PRET5SION ( ! WAGE-RECEIV] ?AT ! RI* MAN POSSESSES NO MORE ?AN ! POOR MAN1 EXCEPT ?AT ( :I* ! LATT] HAS BE5 DEFRAUD$4 ,AFT] ! MONOPOLI/ HAS DRAWN  

,NOTE3  

.<#a.> ,A COMP>ISON ( ?IS PASSAGE1 AS GIV5 H]E1 ) ! ,5GLI% TRANSLATION ( 0,:AT IS ,PROP]TY0 WILL %[ A M>K$ V>IATION 9 ! LANGUAGE4 ,?IS IS EXPLA9$ BY ! FACT ?AT ! AU?OR1 9 REPRODUC+ ! PASSAGE1 MODIFI$ IT CONSID]ABLY4 ,! SAME IS TRUE ( ANO!R QUOTATION FROM ! SAME WORK :I* WILL BE F\ND A FEW PAGES F>!R ON4 -- ,TRANSLATOR4 

UP HIS ACC\NT ( CO/1 PR(IT1 & 9T]E/1 ! WAGE-PAID CONSUM] DRAWS UP HIS2 & HE F9DS ?AT1 ?\< PROMIS$ WAGES /AT$ 9 ! CONTRACT AS ONE HUNDR$1 HE HAS REALLY BE5 GIV5 BUT SEV5TY-FIVE4 ,MONOPOLY1 !RE=E1 PUTS ! WAGE-RECEIV]S 9TO BANKRUPTCY1 & IT IS /RICTLY TRUE ?AT IT LIVES UPON ! SPOILS4  

,SIX YE>S AGO ,I BR\<T \T ?IS FRI<TFUL CONTRADICTION3 :Y HAS IT NOT BE5 ?UND]$ ?R\< ! PRESS8 ,:Y HAVE NO TEA*]S ( R5[N W>N$ PUBLIC OP9ION8 ,:Y HAVE NOT ?OSE :O DEM& POLITICAL RI<TS = ! WORK+MAN PROCLAIM$ ?AT HE IS ROBB$8 ,:Y HAVE ! ECONOMI/S KEPT SIL5T8 ,:Y8 

,\R REVOLUTION>Y DEMOCRACY IS SO NOISY ONLY BECAUSE IT FE>S REVOLUTIONS3 BUT1 BY IGNOR+ ! DANG] :I* IT D>ES NOT LOOK 9 ! FACE1 IT SUCCE$S ONLY 9 9CREAS+ IT4 0,WE RESEMBLE10 SAYS ,M4 ,BLANQUI1 0FIREM5 :O 9CREASE ! QUANTITY ( /EAM AT ! SAME TIME ?AT !Y PLACE WEI<TS ON ! SAFETY-VALVE40 ,VICTIMS ( MONOPOLY1 CONSOLE Y\RSELVES6 ,IF Y\R TORM5TORS WILL NOT LI/51 IT IS BECAUSE ,PROVID5CE HAS RESOLV$ TO /RIKE !M3 ,NON AUDI]UNT1 SAYS ! ,BIBLE1 QUIA ,DEUS VOLEBAT OCCID]E EOS4 

,SALE BE+ UNABLE TO FULFILL ! CONDITIONS ( MONOPOLY1 M]*&ISE ACCUMULATES2 LABOR HAS PRODUC$ 9 A YE> :AT ITS WAGES WILL NOT ALL[ IT TO CONSUME 9 LESS ?AN FIFTE5 MON?S3 H5CE IT MU/ REMA9 IDLE ONE-F\R? ( ! YE>4 ,BUT1 IF IT REMA9S IDLE1 IT E>NS NO?+3 H[ WILL IT EV] BUY8 ,& IF ! MONOPOLI/ CANNOT GET RID ( HIS PRODUCTS1 H[ WILL HIS 5T]PRISE 5DURE8 ,LOGICAL IMPOSSIBILITY MULTIPLIES >\ND ! WORK%OP2 ! FACTS :I* TRANSLATE IT >E EV]Y-:]E4 

0,! HOSI]S ( ,5GL&10 SAYS ,EUG5E ,BURET1 0HAD COME TO ! PO9T :]E !Y DID NOT EAT (T5] ?AN EV]Y O!R DAY4 ,?IS /ATE ( ?+S LA/$ EI<TE5 MON?S40 ,& HE CITES A MULTITUDE ( SIMIL> CASES4 

,BUT ! DI/RESS+ FEATURE 9 ! SPECTACLE ( MONOPOLY'S EFFECTS IS ! SI<T ( ! UN=TUNATE WORK+M5 BLAM+ EA* O!R = !IR MIS]Y & IMAG9+ ?AT BY UNIT+ & SUPPORT+ EA* O!R !Y WILL PREV5T ! R$UCTION ( WAGES4 

0,! ,IRI%10 SAYS AN OBS]V]1 0HAVE GIV5 A DISA/R\S LESSON TO ! 

WORK+ CLASSES ( ,GREAT ,BRITA94 4 4 4 4 ,!Y HAVE TAU<T \R LABOR]S ! FATAL SECRET ( CONF9+ !IR NE$S TO ! MA9T5ANCE ( ANIMAL LIFE ALONE1 & ( CONT5T+ !MSELVES1 LIKE SAVAGES1 ) ! M9IMUM ( ! MEANS ( SUBSI/5CE SUFFICI5T TO PROLONG LIFE4 4 4 4 4 ,9/RUCT$ BY ?IS FATAL EXAMPLE1 YIELD+ P>TLY TO NECESSITY1 ! WORK+ CLASSES HAVE LO/ ?AT LAUDABLE PRIDE :I* L$ !M TO FURNI% !IR H\SES PROP]LY & TO MULTIPLY AB\T !M ! DEC5T CONV5I5CES :I* CONTRIBUTE TO HAPP9ESS40 

,I HAVE NEV] READ ANY?+ MORE AFFLICT+ & MORE /UPID4 ,& :AT W\LD Y\ HAVE !SE WORK+M5 DO8 ,! ,IRI% CAME3 %\LD !Y HAVE BE5 MASSACR$8 ,WAGES W]E R$UC$3 %\LD DEA? HAVE BE5 ACCEPT$ 9 !IR /EAD8 ,NECESSITY COMM&$1 AS Y\ SAY Y\RSELVES4 ,!N FOLL[$ ! 9T]M9ABLE H\RS1 DISEASE1 DE=MITY1 DEGRADATION1 DEBASEM5T1 & ALL ! SIGNS ( 9DU/RIAL SLAV]Y3 ALL !SE CALAMITIES >E BORN ( MONOPOLY & ITS SAD PR$ECESSORS1 -- COMPETITION1 MA*9]Y1 & ! DIVISION ( LABOR3 & Y\ BLAME ! ,IRI%6 

,AT O!R TIMES ! WORK+M5 BLAME !IR LUCK1 & EXHORT !MSELVES TO PATI5CE3 ?IS IS ! C\NT]P>T ( ! ?ANKS :I* !Y ADDRESS TO ,PROVID5CE1 :5 LABOR IS ABUNDANT & WAGES >E SUFFICI5T4 

,I F9D 9 AN >TICLE PUBLI%$ BY ,M4 ,LEON ,FAU*]1 9 ! 0,J\RNAL DES ,ECONOMI/ES0 7,SEPTEMB]1 #a#h#d#e71 ?AT ! ,5GLI% WORK+M5 LO/ SOME TIME AGO ! HABIT ( COMB9+1 :I* IS SURELY A PROGRESSIVE /EP ON :I* !Y >E ONLY TO BE CONGRATULAT$1 BUT ?AT ?IS IMPROVEM5T 9 ! MORALE ( ! WORK+M5 IS DUE ESPECIALLY TO !IR ECONOMIC 9/RUCTION4 

0,IT IS NOT UPON ! MANUFACTUR]S10 CRI$ A SP9N] AT ! MEET+ 9 ,BOLTON1 0?AT WAGES DEP5D4 ,9 P]IODS ( DEPRESSION ! EMPLOY]S1 SO TO SPEAK1 >E ONLY ! LA% ) :I* NECESSITY IS >M$2 & :E!R !Y WILL OR NO1 !Y HAVE TO /RIKE4 ,! REGULATIVE PR9CIPLE IS ! RELATION ( SUPPLY TO DEM&2 & ! EMPLOY]S HAVE NOT ?IS P[]4 4 4 4 ,LET US ACT PRUD5TLY1 !N2 LET US LE>N TO BE RESIGN$ TO BAD LUCK & TO MAKE ! MO/ ( GOOD LUCK3 BY SECOND+ ! PROGRESS ( \R 9DU/RY1 WE %ALL BE USEFUL NOT ONLY TO \RSELVES1 BUT TO ! 5TIRE C\NTRY40 .<,APPLAUSE4.> 

,V]Y GOOD3 WELL-TRA9$1 MODEL WORKM51 !SE6 ,:AT M5 !SE SP9N]S MU/ BE ?AT !Y %\LD SUBMIT )\T COMPLA9T TO ! LA% ( NECESSITY1 BECAUSE ! REGULATIVE PR9CIPLE ( WAGES IS SUPPLY & DEM&6 ,M4 ,LEON ,FAU*] ADDS ) A *>M+ SIMPLICITY3 

,5GLI% WORK+M5 >E FE>LESS REASON]S4 ,GIVE !M A FALSE PR9CIPLE1 & !Y WILL PU% IT MA!MATICALLY TO ABSURDITY1 )\T /OPP+ OR GETT+ FRI<T5$1 AS IF !Y W]E M>*+ TO ! TRIUMPH ( ! TRU?4 

,= MY P>T1 ,I HOPE ?AT1 9 SPITE ( ALL ! EF=TS ( ECO-NOMIC PROPAG&ISM1 ,FR5* WORK+M5 WILL NEV] BECOME REASON]S ( SU* P[]4 ,SUPPLY & DEM&1 AS WELL AS ! LA% ( NECESSITY1 HAS NO LONG] ANY HOLD UPON !IR M9DS4 ,?IS WAS ! ONE MIS]Y ?AT ,5GL& LACK$3 IT WILL NOT CROSS ! *ANNEL4 

,BY ! COMB9$ EFFECT ( DIVISION1 MA*9]Y1 NET PRODUCT1 & 9T]E/1 MONOPOLY EXT5DS ITS CONQUE/S 9 AN 9CREAS+ PROGRESSION2 ITS DEVELOPM5TS EMBRACE AGRICULTURE AS WELL AS COMM]CE & 9DU/RY1 & ALL SORTS ( PRODUCTS4 ,EV]YBODY KN[S ! PHRASE ( ,PL9Y UPON ! L&$ MONOPOLY :I* DET]M9$ ! FALL ( ,ITALY1 LATIFUNDIA P]DID]E ,ITALIAM4 ,IT IS ?IS SAME MONOPOLY :I* /ILL IMPOV]I%ES & R5D]S UN9HABITABLE ! ,ROMAN ,CAMPAGNA & :I* =MS ! VICI\S CIRCLE 9 :I* ,5GL& MOVES CONVULSIVELY2 IT IS ?IS MONOPOLY :I*1 E/ABLI%$ BY VIOL5CE AFT] A W> ( RACES1 PRODUCES ALL ! EVILS ( ,IREL&1 & CAUSES SO MANY TRIALS TO ,O',CONNELL1 P[]LESS1 ) ALL HIS ELOQU5CE1 TO LEAD HIS REPEAL]S ?R\< ?IS LABYR9?4 ,GR& S5TIM5TS & RHETORIC >E ! WOR/ REM$Y = SOCIAL EVILS3 IT W\LD BE EASI] = ,O',CONNELL TO TRANSPORT ,IREL& & ! ,IRI% FROM ! ,NOR? ,SEA TO ! ,AU/RALIAN ,OCEAN ?AN TO OV]?R[ ) ! BREA? ( HIS H>ANGUES ! MONOPOLY :I* HOLDS !M 9 ITS GRASP4 ,G5]AL COMMUNIONS & S]MONS WILL DO NO MORE3 IF ! RELIGI\S S5TIM5T /ILL ALONE MA9TA9S ! MORALE ( ! ,IRI% PEOPLE1 IT IS HI< TIME ?AT A LITTLE ( ?AT PR(ANE SCI5CE1 SO MU* DISDA9$ BY ! ,*UR*1 %\LD COME TO ! AID ( ! LAMBS :I* ITS CROOK NO LONG] PROTECTS4  

,! 9VASION ( COMM]CE & 9DU/RY BY MONOPOLY IS TOO WELL KN[N TO MAKE IT NECESS>Y ?AT ,I %\LD GA!R PRO(S3 MOREOV]1 ( :AT USE IS IT TO >GUE SO MU* :5 RESULTS SPEAK SO L\DLY8 ,E4 ,BURET'S DESCRIPTION ( ! MIS]Y ( ! WORK+-CLASSES HAS SOME?+ FANTA/IC AB\T IT1 :I* OPPRESSES & FRI<T5S Y\4 ,!RE >E SC5ES 9 :I* ! IMAG9ATION REFUSES TO BELIEVE1 9 SPITE ( C]TIFICATES & (FICIAL REPORTS4 ,C\PLES ALL NAK$1 HIDD5 9 ! BACK ( AN UNFURNI%$ ALCOVE1 ) !IR NAK$ *ILDR52 5TIRE POPULATIONS :I* NO LONG] GO TO *UR* ON ,SUNDAY1 BECAUSE !Y >E NAK$2 BODIES KEPT A WEEK BE=E !Y >E BURI$1 BECAUSE ! DECEAS$ HAS LEFT NEI!R A %R\D 9 :I* TO LAY HIM \T NOR ! :]E)AL TO PAY = ! C(F9 & ! UND]TAK] 7& ! BI%OP 5JOYS AN 9COME ( FROM F\R TO FIVE HUNDR$ ?\S& FRANCS72 FAMILIES HEAP$ UP OV] SEW]S1 LIV+ 9 ROOMS OCCUPI$ BY PIGS1 & BEG9N+ TO ROT :ILE YET ALIVE1 OR DWELL+ 9 HOLES1 LIKE ,ALB9OES2 OCTOG5>IANS SLEEP+ NAK$ ON B>E BO>DS2 & ! VIRG9 & ! PRO/ITUTE EXPIR+ 9 ! SAME NUDITY3 EV]Y:]E DESPAIR1 CONSUMPTION1 HUNG]1 HUNG]6 4 4 ,& ?IS PEOPLE1 :I* EXPIATES ! CRIMES ( ITS MA/]S1 DOES NOT REBEL6 ,NO1 BY ! FLAMES ( ,NEMESIS6 :5 A PEOPLE HAS NO V5GEANCE LEFT1 !RE IS NO LONG] ANY ,PROVID5CE = IT4 

,EXT]M9ATIONS 5 MASSE BY MONOPOLY HAVE NOT YET F\ND !IR POETS4 ,\R RHYM]S1 /RANG]S TO ! ?+S ( ?IS WORLD1 )\T B[ELS = ! PROLETAIRE1 CONT9UE TO BREA! TO ! MOON !IR MELAN*OLY DELI<TS4 ,:AT A SUBJECT = M$ITATIONS1 NEV]!LESS1 IS ! MIS]IES 5G5D]$ BY MONOPOLY6 

,IT IS ,WALT] ,SCOTT :O SAYS3 

,=M]LY1 ?\< MANY YE>S S9CE1 EA* VILLAG] HAD HIS C[ & HIS PIG1 & HIS Y>D >\ND HIS H\SE4 ,:]E A S+LE F>M] CULTIVATES TODAY1 ?IRTY SMALL F>M]S LIV$ =M]LY2 SO ?AT = ONE 9DIVIDUAL1 HIMSELF ALONE RI*]1 IT IS TRUE1 ?AN ! ?IRTY F>M]S ( OLD TIMES1 !RE >E N[ TW5TY-N9E WRET*$ DAY-LABOR]S1 )\T EMPLOYM5T = !IR M9DS & >MS1 & :OSE NUMB] IS TOO L>GE BY HALF4 ,! ONLY USEFUL FUNCTION :I* !Y FULFILL IS TO PAY1 :5 !Y CAN1 A R5T ( SIXTY %ILL+S A YE> = ! HUTS 9 :I* !Y DWELL4.<#a.> 

,A MOD]N BALLAD1 QUOT$ BY ,E4 ,BURET1 S+S ! SOLITUDE ( MONOPOLY3 

,LE R\ET E/ SIL5CIEUX DANS LA VALLEE3 

,C'5 E/ FAIT DES S5TIM5TS DE FAMILLE4 

,SUR UN PEU DE FUMEE LE VIEIL AIEUL 

,ET5D SES MA9S PALES2 ET LE FOY] VIDE 

,E/ AUSSI DESOLE QUE SON COEUR4.<#b.>  

,NOTE3  

.<#a.> ,?IS EXTRACT FROM ,SCOTT1 AS WELL AS ?AT FROM A P>LIAM5T>Y REPORT CIT$ A FEW P>AGRAPHS LAT]1 IS H]E TRANSLAT$ FROM ! ,FR5*1 & PRESUMABLY DIFF]S 9 =M SOME:AT1 !RE=E1 FROM ! ORIG9AL ,5GLI%4 -- ,TRANSLATOR4  

,NOTE3  

.<#b.> ,! SP9N+-:EEL IS SIL5T 9 ! VALLEY3 FAMILY FEEL+S >E AT AN 5D4 ,OV] A LITTLE SMOKE ! AG$ GR&SIRE SPREADS HIS PALE H&S2 & ! EMPTY HE>? IS AS DESOLATE AS HIS HE>T4 -- ,TRANSLATOR4 

,! REPORTS MADE TO P>LIAM5T RIVAL ! NOVELI/ & ! POET3 

,! 9HABITANTS ( ,GL5%EIL1 9 ! NEI<BORHOOD ( ! VALLEY ( ,DUNDEE1 W]E =M]LY DI/+UI%$ FROM ALL !IR NEI<BORS BY ! SUP]IORITY ( !IR PHYSICAL QUALITIES4 ,! M5 W]E ( HI< /ATURE1 ROBU/1 ACTIVE1 & C\RAGE\S2 ! WOM5 COMELY & GRACEFUL4 ,BO? SEXES POSSESS$ AN EXTRAORD9>Y TA/E = POETRY & MUSIC4 ,N[1 ALAS6 A LONG EXP]I5CE ( POV]TY1 PROLONG$ PRIVATION ( SUFFICI5T FOOD & SUITABLE CLO?+1 HAVE PR(\NDLY DET]IORAT$ ?IS RACE1 ONCE SO RE-M>KABLY F9E4 

,?IS IS A NOTABLE 9/ANCE ( ! 9EVITABLE DEGRADATION PO9T$ \T BY US 9 ! TWO *APT]S ON DIVISION ( LABOR & MA*9]Y4 ,& \R LITT]ATEURS BUSY !MSELVES ) ! PRETTY ?+S ( ! PA/1 AS IF ! PRES5T W]E NOT ADEQUATE TO !IR G5IUS6 ,! FIR/ AMONG !M TO V5TURE ON !SE 9F]NAL PA?S HAS CREAT$ A SC&AL 9 ! COT]IE6 ,C[>DLY P>ASITES1 VILE V5DORS ( PROSE & V]SE1 ALL WOR?Y ( ! WAGES ( ,M>SYAS6 ,OH6 IF Y\R PUNI%M5T W]E TO LA/ AS LONG AS MY CONTEMPT1 Y\ W\LD BE =C$ TO BELIEVE 9 ! ET]NITY ( HELL4 

,MONOPOLY1 :I* JU/ N[ SEEM$ TO US SO WELL F\ND$ 9 JU/ICE1 IS ! MORE UNJU/ BECAUSE IT NOT ONLY MAKES WAGES ILLUSORY1 BUT DECEIVES ! WORKMAN 9 ! V]Y VALUATION ( HIS WAGES BY ASSUM+ 9 RELATION TO HIM A FALSE TITLE1 A FALSE CAPACITY4 

,M4 DE ,SISMONDI1 9 HIS 0,/UDIES ( ,SOCIAL ,ECONOMY10 OBS]VES SOME:]E ?AT1 :5 A BANK] DELIV]S TO A M]*ANT BANK-NOTES 9 EX*ANGE = HIS VALUES1 F> FROM GIV+ CR$IT TO ! M]*ANT1 HE RECEIVES IT1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 FROM HIM4 

0,?IS CR$IT10 ADDS ,M4 DE ,SISMONDI1 0IS 9 TRU? SO %ORT ?AT ! M]*ANT SC>CELY TAKES ! TR\BLE TO 9QUIRE :E!R ! BANK] IS WOR?Y1 ESPECIALLY AS ! =M] ASKS CR$IT 9/EAD ( GRANT+ IT40 

,SO1 ACCORD+ TO ,M4 DE ,SISMONDI1 9 ! ISSUE ( BANK PAP]1 ! FUNCTIONS ( ! M]*ANT & ! BANK] >E 9V]T$3 ! FIR/ IS ! CR$ITOR1 & ! SECOND IS ! CR$IT$4 

,SOME?+ SIMIL> TAKES PLACE BETWE5 ! MONOPOLI/ & WAGE-RECEIV]4 

,9 FACT1 ! WORK]S1 LIKE ! M]*ANT AT ! BANK1 ASK TO HAVE !IR LABOR DISC\NT$2 9 RI<T1 ! CONTRACTOR \<T TO FURNI% !M BONDS & SECURITY4 ,I WILL EXPLA9 MYSELF4 

,9 ANY EXPLOITATION1 NO MATT] ( :AT SORT1 ! CONTRACTOR CANNOT LEGITIMATELY CLAIM1 9 ADDITION TO HIS [N P]SONAL LABOR1 ANY?+ BUT ! ,I,D,E,A3 AS = ! ,E,X,E,C,U,T,I,O,N1 ! RESULT ( ! COOP]ATION ( NUM]\S LABOR]S1 ?AT IS AN EFFECT ( COLLECTIVE P[]1 ) :I* ! AU?ORS1 AS FREE 9 !IR ACTION AS ! *IEF1 CAN PRODUCE NO?+ :I* %\LD GO TO HIM GRATUIT\SLY4 ,N[1 ! QUE/ION IS TO ASC]TA9 :E!R ! AM\NT ( 9DIVIDUAL WAGES PAID BY ! CONTRACTOR IS EQUIVAL5T TO ! COLLECTIVE EFFECT ( :I* ,I SPEAK3 =1 W]E IT O!RWISE1 ,SAY'S AXIOM1 ,EV]Y PRODUCT IS WOR? :AT IT CO/S1 W\LD BE VIOLAT$4 

0,! CAPITALI/10 !Y SAY1 0HAS PAID ! LABOR]S !IR DAILY WAGES AT A RATE AGRE$ UPON2 CONSEQU5TLY HE [ES !M NO?+40 ,TO BE ACCURATE1 IT MU/ BE SAID ?AT HE HAS PAID AS MANY TIMES ONE DAY'S WAGE AS HE HAS EMPLOY$ LABOR]S1 -- :I* IS NOT AT ALL ! SAME ?+4 ,= HE HAS PAID NO?+ = ?AT IMM5SE P[] :I* RESULTS FROM ! UNION ( LABOR]S & ! CONV]G5CE & H>MONY ( !IR EF=TS2 ?AT SAV+ ( EXP5SE1 SECUR$ BY !IR =MATION 9TO A WORK%OP2 ?AT MULTIPLICATION ( PRODUCT1 =ESE51 IT IS TRUE1 BY ! CAPITALI/1 BUT REALIZ$ BY FREE =CES4 ,TWO HUNDR$ GR5ADI]S1 WORK+ UND] ! DIRECTION ( AN 5G9E]1 /OOD ! OBELISK UPON ITS BASE 9 A FEW H\RS2 DO Y\ ?9K ?AT ONE MAN C\LD HAVE ACCOMPLI%$ ! SAME TASK 9 TWO HUNDR$ DAYS8 ,NEV]!LESS1 ON ! BOOKS ( ! CAPITALI/1 ! AM\NT ( WAGES IS ! SAME 9 BO? CASES1 BECAUSE HE ALLOTS TO HIMSELF ! B5EFIT ( ! COLLECTIVE P[]4 ,N[1 ( TWO ?+S ONE3 EI!R ?IS IS USURPATION ON HIS P>T1 OR IT IS ]ROR4 -- ,:AT IS ,PROP]TY3 ,*APT] ,I,I,I4 

,TO PROP]LY EXPLOIT ! MULE-J5NY1 5G9E]S1 BUILD]S1 CL]KS1 BRIGADES ( WORK+M5 & WORK+WOM5 ( ALL SORTS1 HAVE BE5 NE$$4 ,9 ! NAME ( !IR LIB]TY1 ( !IR SECURITY1 ( !IR FUTURE1 & ( ! FUTURE ( !IR *ILDR51 !SE WORKM51 ON 5GAG+ TO WORK 9 ! MILL1 HAD TO MAKE RES]VES2 :]E >E ! LETT]S ( CR$IT :I* !Y HAVE DELIV]$ TO ! EMPLOY]S8 ,:]E >E ! GU>ANTEES :I* !Y HAVE RECEIV$8 ,:AT6 MILLIONS ( M5 HAVE SOLD !IR >MS & P>T$ ) !IR LIB]TY )\T KN[+ ! IMPORT ( ! CONTRACT2 !Y HAVE 5GAG$ !MSELVES UPON ! PROMISE ( CONT9U\S WORK & ADEQUATE REW>D2 !Y HAVE EXECUT$ ) !IR H&S :AT ! ?\<T ( ! EMPLOY]S HAD CONCEIV$2 !Y HAVE BECOME1 BY ?IS COLLABORATION1 ASSOCIATES 9 ! 5T]PRISE3 & :5 MONOPOLY1 UNABLE OR UNWILL+ TO MAKE FUR!R EX*ANGES1 SUSP5DS ITS MANUFACTURE & LEAVES !SE MILLIONS ( LABOR]S )\T BREAD1 !Y >E TOLD TO BE RESIGN$6 ,BY ! NEW PROCESSES !Y HAVE LO/ N9E DAYS ( !IR LABOR \T ( T52 & = REW>D !Y >E PO9T$ TO ! LA% ( NECESSITY FL\RI%$ OV] !M6 ,!N1 IF !Y REFUSE TO WORK = L[] WAGES1 !Y >E %[N ?AT !Y PUNI% !MSELVES4 ,IF !Y ACCEPT ! RATE (F]$ !M1 !Y LOSE ?AT NOBLE PRIDE1 ?AT TA/E = DEC5T CONV5I5CES :I* CON/ITUTE ! HAPP9ESS & DIGNITY ( ! WORK+MAN & 5TITLE HIM TO ! SYMPA?IES ( ! RI*4 ,IF !Y COMB9E TO SECURE AN 9CREASE ( WAGES1 !Y >E ?R[N 9TO PRISON6 ,:]EAS !Y \<T TO PROSECUTE !IR EXPLOIT]S 9 ! C\RTS1 ON !M ! C\RTS WILL AV5GE ! VIOLATIONS ( LIB]TY ( COMM]CE6 ,VICTIMS ( MONOPOLY1 !Y WILL SUFF] ! P5ALTY DUE TO ! MONOPOLI/S6 ,O JU/ICE ( M51 /UPID C\RTESAN1 H[ LONG1 UND] Y\R GODDESS'S T9SEL1 WILL Y\ DR9K ! BLOOD ( ! SLAU<T]$ PROLETAIRE8 

,MONOPOLY HAS 9VAD$ EV]Y?+1 -- L&1 LABOR1 & ! 9/RUM5TS ( LABOR1 PRODUCTS & ! DI/RIBUTION ( PRO DUCTS4 ,POLITICAL ECONOMY ITSELF HAS NOT BE5 ABLE TO AVOID ADMITT+ IT4 

0,Y\ ALMO/ ALWAYS F9D ACROSS Y\R PA?10 SAYS ,M4 ,ROSSI1 0SOME MONOPOLY4 ,!RE IS SC>CELY A PRODUCT ?AT CAN BE REG>D$ AS ! PURE & SIMPLE RESULT ( LABOR2 ACCORD+LY ! ECONOMIC LAW :I* PROPORTIONS PRICE TO CO/ ( PRODUCTION IS NEV] COMPLETELY REALIZ$4 ,IT IS A =MULA :I* IS PR(\NDLY MODIFI$ BY ! 9T]V5TION ( ONE OR AN-O!R ( ! MONOPOLIES TO :I* ! 9/RUM5TS ( PRODUCTION >E SUBORD9AT$4 -- ,C\RSE 9 ,POLITICAL ,ECONOMY3 ,VOLUME ,I41 PAGE #a#d#c4 

,M4 ,ROSSI HOLDS TOO HI< AN (FICE TO GIVE HIS LANGUAGE ALL ! PRECISION & EXACTNESS :I* SCI5CE REQUIRES :5 MONOPOLY IS 9 QUE/ION4 ,:AT HE SO COMPLAC5TLY CALLS A MODIFICATION ( ECONOMIC =MULAS IS BUT A LONG & ODI\S VIOLATION ( ! FUNDAM5TAL LAWS ( LABOR & EX*ANGE4 ,IT IS 9 CONSEQU5CE ( MONOPOLY ?AT 9 SOCIETY1 NET PRODUCT BE+ FIGUR$ OV] & ABOVE GROSS PRODUCT1 ! COLLECTIVE LABOR] MU/ REPUR*ASE HIS [N PRODUCT AT A PRICE HI<] ?AN ?AT :I* ?IS PRODUCT CO/S HIM1 -- :I* IS CONTRA-DICTORY & IMPOSSIBLE2 ?AT ! NATURAL BALANCE BETWE5 PRODUCTION & CONSUMPTION IS DE/ROY$2 ?AT ! LABOR] IS DECEIV$ NOT ONLY 9 HIS SETTLEM5TS1 BUT ALSO AS TO ! AM\NT ( HIS WAGES2 ?AT 9 HIS CASE PROGRESS 9 COM=T IS *ANG$ 9TO AN 9CESSANT PROGRESS 9 MIS]Y3 IT IS BY MONOPOLY1 9 %ORT1 ?AT ALL NOTIONS ( COMMUTATIVE JU/ICE >E P]V]T$1 & ?AT SOCIAL ECONOMY1 9/EAD ( ! POSITIVE SCI5CE ?AT IT IS1 BECOMES A V]ITABLE UTOPIA4 

,?IS DISGUISE ( POLITICAL ECONOMY UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( MONOPOLY IS A FACT SO REM>KABLE 9 ! HI/ORY ( SOCIAL IDEAS ?AT WE MU/ NOT NEGLECT TO CITE A FEW 9/ANCES4 

,?US1 FROM ! /&PO9T ( MONOPOLY1 VALUE IS NO LONG] ?AT SYN!TIC CONCEPTION :I* S]VES TO EXPRESS ! RELATION ( A SPECIAL OBJECT ( UTILITY TO ! SUM TOTAL ( WEAL?3 MONOPOLY E/IMAT+ ?+S1 NOT 9 !IR RELATION TO SOCIETY1 BUT 9 !IR RELATION TO ITSELF1 VALUE LOSES ITS SOCIAL *>ACT]1 & IS NO?+ BUT A VAGUE1 >BITR>Y1 EGOI/IC1 & ESS5TIALLY V>IABLE ?+4 ,/>T+ ) ?IS PR9CIPLE1 ! MONOPOLI/ EXT5DS ! T]M PRODUCT TO COV] ALL SORTS ( S]VITUDE1 & APPLIES ! IDEA ( CAPITAL TO ALL ! FRIVOL\S & %AMEFUL 9DU/RIES :I* HIS PASSIONS & VISES EXPLOIT4 ,! *>MS ( A C\RTESAN1 SAYS ,SAY1 >E SO MU* CAPITAL1 ( :I* ! PRODUCT FOLL[S ! G5]AL LAW ( VALUES1 -- NAMELY1 SUPPLY & DEM&4 ,MO/ ( ! WORKS ON POLITICAL ECONOMY >E FULL ( SU* APPLICATIONS4 ,BUT AS PRO/ITUTION & ! /ATE ( DEP5D5CE FROM :I* IT EMANATES >E CONDEMN$ BY MORALITY1 ,M4 ,ROSSI WILL BID US OBS]VE ! FUR!R FACT ?AT POLITICAL ECONOMY1 AFT] HAV+ MODIFI$ ITS =MULA 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ! 9T]V5TION ( MONOPOLY1 WILL HAVE TO SUBMIT TO A NEW CORRECTIVE1 AL?\< ITS CONCLUSIONS >E 9 !MSELVES IRREPROA*ABLE4 ,=1 HE SAYS1 POLITICAL ECONOMY HAS NO?+ 9 COMMON ) MORALITY3 IT IS = US TO ACCEPT IT1 TO MODIFY OR CORRECT ITS =MULAS1 :5EV] \R WELF>E1 ?AT ( SOCIETY1 & ! 9T]E/S ( MORALITY CALL = IT4 ,H[ MANY ?+S !RE >E BETWE5 POLITICAL ECONOMY & TRU?6 

,LIKEWISE1 ! !ORY ( NET PRODUCT1 SO HI<LY SOCIAL1 PRO-GRESSIVE1 & CONS]VATIVE1 HAS BE5 9DIVIDUALIZ$1 IF ,I MAY SAY SO1 BY MONOPOLY1 & ! PR9CIPLE :I* \<T TO SECURE SOCIETY'S WELF>E CAUSES ITS RU94 ,! MONOPOLI/1 ALWAYS /RIV+ = ! GREATE/ POSSIBLE NET PRODUCT1 NO LONG] ACTS AS A MEMB] ( SOCIETY & 9 ! 9T]E/ ( SOCIETY2 HE ACTS ) A VIEW TO HIS EXCLUSIVE 9T]E/1 :E!R ?IS 9T]E/ BE CONTR>Y TO ! SOCIAL 9T]E/ OR NOT4 ,?IS *ANGE ( P]SPECTIVE IS ! CAUSE TO :I* ,M4 DE ,SISMONDI ATTRIBUTES ! DEPOPULATION ( ! ,ROMAN ,CAMPAGNA4 ,FROM ! COMP>ATIVE RESE>*ES :I* HE HAS MADE REG>D+ ! PRODUCT ( ! AGRO ROMANO :5 9 A /ATE ( CULTIVATION & ITS PRODUCT :5 LEFT AS PA/URE-L&1 HE HAS F\ND ?AT ! GROSS PRODUCT W\LD BE TWELVE TIMES L>G] 9 ! =M] CASE ?AN 9 ! LATT]2 BUT1 AS CULTIVATION DEM&S RELATIVELY A GREAT] NUMB] ( H&S1 HE HAS DISCOV]$ ALSO ?AT 9 ! =M] CASE ! NET PRODUCT W\LD BE LESS4 ,?IS CALCULATION1 :I* DID NOT ESCAPE ! PROPRIETORS1 SUFFIC$ TO CONFIRM !M 9 ! HABIT ( LEAV+ !IR L&S UNCULTIVAT$1 & H5CE ! ,ROMAN ,CAMPAGNA IS UN9HABIT$4 

0,ALL P>TS ( ! ,ROMAN ,/ATES10 ADDS ,M4 DE ,SISMONDI1 0PRES5T ! SAME CONTRA/ BETWE5 ! MEMORIES ( !IR PROSP]ITY 9 ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES & !IR PRES5T DESOLATION4 ,! T[N ( ,C]ES1 MADE FAM\S BY ,R5ZO DA ,C]I1 :O DEF5D$ BY TURNS ,M>SEILLES AGA9/ ,*>LES ,V4 & ,G5EVA AGA9/ ! ,DUKE ( ,SAVOY1 IS NO?+ BUT A SOLITUDE4 ,9 ALL ! FIEFS ( ! ,ORS9IS & ! ,COLONNES NOT A S\L4 ,FROM ! =E/S :I* SURR\ND ! PRETTY ,LAKE ( ,VICO ! HUMAN RACE HAS DISAPPE>$2 & ! SOLDI]S ) :OM ! =MIDABLE PREFECT ( ,VICO MADE ,ROME TREMBLE SO (T5 9 ! F\RTE5? C5TURY HAVE LEFT NO DESC5DANTS4 ,CA/RO & ,RONCIGLIONE >E DESOLAT$40 -- ,/UDIES 9 ,POLITICAL ,ECONOMY4 

,9 FACT1 SOCIETY SEEKS ! GREATE/ POSSIBLE GROSS PRODUCT1 & CONSEQU5TLY ! GREATE/ POSSIBLE POPULATION1 BECAUSE ) IT GROSS PRODUCT & NET PRODUCT >E ID5TICAL4 ,MONOPOLY1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 AIMS /EADILY AT ! GREATE/ NET PRODUCT1 EV5 ?\< ABLE TO OBTA9 IT ONLY AT ! PRICE ( ! EXT]M9ATION ( ! HUMAN RACE4 

,UND] ?IS SAME 9FLU5CE ( MONOPOLY1 9T]E/ ON CAPITAL1 P]V]T$ 9 ITS IDEA1 HAS BECOME 9 TURN A PR9CIPLE ( DEA? TO SOCIETY4 ,AS WE HAVE EXPLA9$ IT1 9T]E/ ON CAPITAL IS1 ON ! ONE H&1 ! =M UND] :I* ! LABOR] 5JOYS HIS NET PRODUCT1 :ILE UTILIZ+ IT 9 NEW CREATIONS2 ON ! O!R1 ?IS 9T]E/ IS ! MAT]IAL BOND ( SOLID>ITY BETWE5 PRODUC]S1 VIEW$ FROM ! /&PO9T ( ! 9CREASE ( WEAL?4 ,UND] ! FIR/ ASPECT1 ! AGGREGATE 9T]E/ PAID CAN NEV] EXCE$ ! AM\NT ( ! CAPITAL ITSELF2 UND] ! SECOND1 9T]E/ ALL[S1 9 ADDITION TO REIMBURSEM5T1 A PREMIUM AS A REW>D ( S]VICE R5D]$4 ,9 NO CASE DOES IT IMPLY P]PETUITY4 

,BUT MONOPOLY1 CONF\ND+ ! IDEA ( CAPITAL1 :I* IS ATTRIBUTABLE ONLY TO ! CREATIONS ( HUMAN 9DU/RY1 ) ?AT ( ! EXPLOITABLE MAT]IAL :I* NATURE HAS GIV5 US1 & :I* BELONGS TO ALL1 & FAVOR$ MOREOV] 9 ITS USURPATION BY ! AN>*ICAL CONDITION ( A SOCIETY 9 :I* POSSESSION CAN EXI/ ONLY ON CONDITION ( BE+ EXCLUSIVE1 SOV]EIGN1 & P]PETUAL1 -- MONOPOLY HAS IMAG9$ & LAID IT D[N AS A PR9CIPLE ?AT CAPITAL1 LIKE L&1 ANIMALS1 & PLANTS1 HAD 9 ITSELF AN ACTIVITY ( ITS [N1 :I* RELIEV$ ! CAPITALI/ ( ! NECESSITY ( CONTRIBUT+ ANY?+ ELSE TO EX*ANGE & ( TAK+ ANY P>T 9 ! LABORS ( ! WORK%OP4 ,FROM ?IS FALSE IDEA ( MONOPOLY HAS COME ! ,GREEK NAME ( USURY1 TOKOS1 AS MU* AS TO SAY ! *ILD OR ! 9CREASE ( CAPITAL1 :I* CAUS$ ,>I/OTLE TO P]PETRATE ?IS WITTICISM3 CO9S BEGET NO *ILDR54 ,BUT ! METAPHOR ( ! USUR]S HAS PREVAIL$ OV] ! JOKE ( ! ,/AGYRITE2 USURY1 LIKE R5T1 ( :I* IT IS AN IMITATION1 HAS BE5 DECL>$ A P]PETUAL RI<T2 & ONLY V]Y LATELY1 BY A HALF-RETURN TO ! PR9CIPLE1 HAS IT REPRODUC$ ! IDEA ( R$EMPTION4 

,SU* IS ! MEAN+ ( ! 5IGMA :I* HAS CAUS$ SO MANY SC&ALS AMONG !OLOGIANS & LEGI/S1 & REG>D+ :I* ! ,*RI/IAN ,*UR* HAS BLUND]$ TWICE1 -- FIR/1 9 CONDEMN+ EV]Y SORT ( 9T]E/1 &1 SECOND1 9 TAK+ ! SIDE ( ! ECONOMI/S & ?US CONTRADICT+ ITS OLD MAXIMS4 ,USURY1 OR ! RI<T ( 9CREASE1 IS AT ONCE ! EXPRESSION & ! CONDEMNATION ( MONOPOLY2 IT IS ! SPOLIATION ( LABOR BY ORGANIZ$ & LEGALIZ$ CAPITAL2 ( ALL ! ECONOMIC SUBV]SIONS IT IS ?AT :I* MO/ L\DLY ACCUSES ! OLD SOCIETY1 & :OSE SC&AL\S P]SI/5CE W\LD JU/IFY AN UNC]EMONI\S & UNCOMP5SAT$ DISPOSSESSION ( ! 5TIRE CAP-ITALI/IC CLASS4 

,F9ALLY1 MONOPOLY1 BY A SORT ( 9/9CT ( SELF-PRES]VATION1 HAS P]V]T$ EV5 ! IDEA ( ASSOCIATION1 AS SOME?+ ?AT MI<T 9FR+E UPON IT1 OR1 TO SPEAK MORE ACCURATELY1 HAS NOT P]MITT$ ITS BIR?4 

,:O C\LD HOPE TODAY TO DEF9E :AT ASSOCIATION AMONG M5 %\LD BE8 ,! LAW DI/+UI%ES TWO SPECIES & F\R V>IETIES ( CIVIL SOCIETIES1 & AS MANY COMM]CIAL SOCIETIES1 FROM ! SIMPLE P>TN]%IP TO ! JO9T-/OCK COMPANY4 ,I HAVE READ ! MO/ RESPECTABLE COMM5T>IES ?AT HAVE BE5 WRITT5 UPON ALL !SE =MS ( ASSOCIATION1 & ,I DECL>E ?AT ,I HAVE F\ND 9 !M BUT ONE APPLICATION ( ! R\T9E PRACTICES ( MONOPOLY BETWE5 TWO OR MORE P>TN]S :O UNITE !IR CAPITAL & !IR EF=TS AGA9/ EV]Y?+ ?AT PRODUCES & CONSUMES1 ?AT 9V5TS & EX*ANGES1 ?AT LIVES & DIES4 ,! S9E QUA NON ( ALL !SE SOCIETIES IS CAPITAL1 :OSE PRES5CE ALONE CON/ITUTES !M & GIVES !M A BASIS2 !IR OBJECT IS MONOPOLY1 -- ?AT IS1 ! EXCLUSION ( ALL O!R LABOR]S & CAPITALI/S1 & CONSEQU5TLY ! NEGATION ( SOCIAL UNIV]SALITY SO F> AS P]SONS >E CONC]N$4 

,?US1 ACCORD+ TO ! DEF9ITION ( ! /ATUTE1 A COMM]-CIAL SOCIETY :I* %\LD LAY D[N AS A PR9CIPLE ! RI<T ( ANY /RANG] TO BECOME A MEMB] UPON HIS SIMPLE REQUE/1 & TO /RAI<TWAY 5JOY ! RI<TS & PR]OGATIVES ( ASSOCIATES & EV5 MANAG]S1 W\LD NO LONG] BE A SOCIETY2 ! C\RTS W\LD (FICIALLY PRON\NCE ITS DISSOLUTION1 ITS NONEXI/5CE4 ,SO1 AGA91 >TICLES ( ASSOCIATION 9 :I* ! CONTRACT+ P>TIES %\LD /IPULATE NO CONTRIBUTION ( CAPITAL1 BUT1 :ILE RES]V+ TO EA* ! EXPRESS RI<T TO COMPETE ) ALL1 %\LD CONF9E !MSELVES TO A RECIPROCAL GU>ANTEE ( LABOR & WAGES1 SAY+ NO?+ ( ! BRAN* ( EXPLOITATION1 OR ( CAPITAL1 OR ( 9T]E/1 OR ( PR(IT & LOSS1 -- SU* >TICLES W\LD SEEM CONTRADICTORY 9 !IR T5OR1 AS DE/ITUTE ( PURPOSE AS ( REASON1 & W\LD BE ANNULL$ BY ! JUDGE ON ! COMPLA9T ( ! FIR/ REBELLI\S ASSOCIATE4 ,COV5ANTS ?US DRAWN UP C\LD GIVE RISE TO NO JUDICIAL ACTION2 PEOPLE CALL+ !MSELVES ! ASSOCIATES ( EV]YBODY W\LD BE CONSID]$ ASSOCIATES ( NOBODY2 TREATISES CONTEMPLAT+ GU>ANTEE & COMPETITION BETWE5 ASSOCIATES AT ! SAME TIME1 )\T ANY M5TION ( SOCIAL CAPITAL & )\T ANY DESIGNATION ( PURPOSE1 W\LD PASS = A WORK ( TRANSC5D5TAL *>LATANISM1 :OSE AU?OR C\LD READILY BE S5T TO A MADH\SE1 PROVID$ ! MAGI/RATES W\LD CONS5T TO REG>D HIM AS ONLY A LUNATIC4 

,& YET IT IS PROV$1 BY ! MO/ AU!NTIC TE/IMONY :I* HI/ORY & SOCIAL ECONOMY FURNI%1 ?AT HUMANITY HAS BE5 ?R[N NAK$ & )\T CAPITAL UPON ! E>? :I* IT CULTIVATES2 CONSEQU5TLY ?AT IT HAS CREAT$ & IS DAILY CREAT+ ALL ! WEAL? ?AT EXI/S2 ?AT MONOPOLY IS ONLY A RELATIVE VIEW S]V+ TO DESIGNATE ! GRADE ( ! LABOR]1 ) C]TA9 CONDITIONS ( 5JOYM5T2 & ?AT ALL PROGRESS CONSI/S1 :ILE 9DEF9ITELY MULTIPLY+ PRODUCTS1 9 DET]M9+ !IR PROPORTIONALITY1 -- ?AT IS1 9 ORGANIZ+ LABOR & COM=T BY DIVISION1 MA*9]Y1 ! WORK%OP1 $UCATION1 & COMPETITION4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 IT IS EVID5T ?AT ALL ! T5D5CIES ( HUMANITY1 BO? 9 ITS POLITICS & 9 ITS CIVIL LAWS1 >E T[>DS UNIV]SALIZATION1 -- ?AT IS1 T[>DS A COMPLETE TRANS=MATION ( ! IDEA ( SOCIETY AS DET]M9$ BY \R /ATUTES4 

,:5CE ,I CONCLUDE ?AT >TICLES ( ASSOCIATION :I* %\LD REGULATE1 NO LONG] ! CONTRIBUTION ( ! ASSOCIATES1 -- S9CE EA* ASSOCIATE1 ACCORD+ TO ! ECONOMIC !ORY1 IS SUPPOS$ TO POSSESS ABSOLUTELY NO?+ UPON HIS 5TRANCE 9TO SOCIETY1 -- BUT ! CONDITIONS ( LABOR & EX*ANGE1 & :I* %\LD ALL[ ACCESS TO ALL :O MI<T PRES5T !MSELVES1 -- ,I CONCLUDE1 ,I SAY1 ?AT SU* >TICLES ( ASSOCIATION W\LD CONTA9 NO?+ ?AT WAS NOT RATIONAL & SCI5TIFIC1 S9CE !Y W\LD BE ! V]Y EXPRESSION ( PROGRESS1 ! ORGANIC =MULA ( LABOR1 & S9CE !Y W\LD REVEAL1 SO TO SPEAK1 HUMANITY TO ITSELF BY GIV+ IT ! RUDIM5T ( ITS CON/ITUTION4 

,N[1 :O1 AMONG ! JURISCONSULTS & ECONOMI/S1 HAS EV] APPROA*$ EV5 )9 A ?\S& LEAGUES ( ?IS MAGNIFIC5T & YET SO SIMPLE IDEA8 

0,I DO NOT ?9K10 SAYS ,M4 ,TROPLONG1 0?AT ! SPIRIT ( ASSOCIATION IS CALL$ TO GREAT] DE/9IES ?AN ?OSE :I* IT HAS ACCOMPLI%$ 9 ! PA/ & UP TO ! PRES5T TIME4 4 4 2 & ,I CONFESS ?AT ,I HAVE MADE NO ATTEMPT TO REALIZE SU* HOPES1 :I* ,I BELIEVE EXAGG]AT$4 4 4 4 ,!RE >E WELL-DEF9$ LIMITS :I* ASSOCIATION %\LD NOT OV]/EP4 ,NO6 ASSOCIATION IS NOT CALL$ UPON 9 ,FRANCE TO GOV]N EV]Y?+4 ,! SPONTANE\S IMPULSE ( ! 9DIVIDUAL M9D IS ALSO A LIV+ =CE 9 \R NATION & A CAUSE ( ITS ORIG9ALITY4 4 4 4 

0,! IDEA ( ASSOCIATION IS NOT NEW4 4 4 4 ,EV5 AMONG ! ,ROMANS WE SEE ! COMM]CIAL SOCIETY APPE> ) ALL ITS P>APH]NALIA ( MONOPOLIES1 CORN]S1 COLLUSIONS1 COMB9ATIONS1 PIRACY1 & V5ALITY4 4 4 4 ,! JO9T-/OCK COMPANY REALIZES ! CIVIL1 COMM]CIAL1 & M>ITIME LAW ( ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES3 AT ?AT EPO* IT WAS ! MO/ ACTIVE 9/RUM5T ( LABOR ORGANIZ$ 9 SOCIETY4 4 4 4 ,FROM ! MIDDLE ( ! F\RTE5? C5TURY WE SEE SOCIETIES =M BY /OCK SUBSCRIPTIONS2 & UP TO ! TIME ( ,LAW'S DISCOMFITURE1 WE SEE !IR NUMB] CONT9UALLY 9CREASE4 4 4 4 ,:AT6 WE M>VEL AT ! M9ES1 FACTORIES1 PAT5TS1 & NEWSPAP]S [N$ BY /OCK COMPANIES6 ,BUT TWO C5TURIES AGO SU* COMPANIES [N$ ISL&S1 K+DOMS1 ALMO/ AN 5TIRE HEMISPH]E4 ,WE PROCLAIM IT A MIRACLE ?AT HUNDR$S ( /OCK SUBSCRIB]S %\LD GR\P !MSELVES >\ND AN 5T]PRISE2 BUT AS LONG AGO AS ! F\RTE5? C5TURY ! 5TIRE CITY ( ,FLOR5CE WAS 9 SIMIL> SIL5T P>TN]%IP ) A FEW M]*ANTS1 :O PU%$ ! G5IUS ( 5T]PRISE AS F> AS POSSIBLE4 ,!N1 IF \R SPECULATIONS >E BAD1 IF WE HAVE BE5 RA%1 IMPRUD5T1 OR CR$UL\S1 WE TORM5T ! LEGISLATOR ) \R CAVIL+ COMPLA9TS2 WE CALL UPON HIM = PROHIBITIONS & NULLIFICATIONS4 ,9 \R MANIA = REGULAT+ EV]Y?+1 EV5 ?AT :I* IS ALREADY CODIFI$2 = 5*A9+ EV]Y?+ BY TEXTS RE-VIEW$1 CORRECT$1 & ADD$ TO2 = ADM9I/]+ EV]Y?+1 EV5 ! *ANCES & REV]SES ( COMM]CE1 -- WE CRY \T1 9 ! MID/ ( SO MANY EXI/+ LAWS3 ^*,!RE IS /ILL SOME?+ TO DO6'0 

,M4 ,TROPLONG BELIEVES 9 ,PROVID5CE1 BUT SURELY HE IS NOT ITS MAN4 ,HE WILL NOT DISCOV] ! =MULA ( ASSOCIATION CLAMOR$ = TODAY BY M9DS DISGU/$ ) ALL ! PROTOCOLS ( COMB9ATION & RAP9E ( :I* ,M4 ,TROPLONG UNROLLS ! PICTURE 9 HIS COMM5T>Y4 ,M4 ,TROPLONG GETS IMPATI5T1 & RI<TLY1 ) ?OSE :O WI% TO 5*A9 EV]Y?+ 9 TEXTS ( LAWS2 & HE HIMSELF PRET5DS TO 5*A9 ! FUTURE 9 A S]IES ( FIFTY >TICLES1 9 :I* ! WISE/ M9D C\LD NOT DISCOV] A SP>K ( ECONOMIC SCI5CE OR A %AD[ ( PHILOSOPHY4 ,9 \R MANIA1 HE CRIES1 = REGULAT+ EV]Y?+1 ,E,V,5 ,?,A,T ,:,I,* ,I,S ,A,L,R,E,A,D,Y ,C,O,D,I,F,I,$6 4 4 4 4 ,I KN[ NO?+ MORE DELICI\S ?AN ?IS /ROKE1 :I* PA9TS AT ONCE ! JURISCONSULT & ! ECONOMI/4 ,AFT] ! ,CODE ,NAPOLEON1 TAKE AWAY ! LADD]6 4 4 4 

0,=TUNATELY10 ,M4 ,TROPLONG CONT9UES1 0ALL ! PROJECTS ( *ANGE SO NOISILY BR\<T TO LI<T 9 #ahcg & #ah* >E =GOTT5 TODAY4 ,! CONFLICT ( PROPOSITIONS & ! AN>*Y ( RE=MATORY OP9IONS HAVE L$ TO NEGATIVE RESULTS4 ,AT ! SAME TIME ?AT ! REACTION AGA9/ SPECULATORS WAS EFFECT$1 ! COMMON S5SE ( ! PUBLIC DID JU/ICE TO ! NUM]\S (FICIAL PLANS ( ORGANIZATION1 MU* 9F]IOR 9 WISDOM TO ! EXI/+ LAW1 MU* LESS 9 H>MONY ) ! USAGES ( COMM]CE1 MU* LESS LIB]AL1 AFT] #a#h#c1 ?AN ! CONCEPTIONS ( ! IMP]IAL ,C\NCIL ( ,/ATE6 ,N[ ORD] IS RE/OR$ 9 EV]Y?+1 & ! COMM]CIAL CODE HAS PRES]V$ ITS 9TEGRITY1 ITS EXCELL5T 9TEGRITY4 ,:5 COMM]CE NE$S IT1 IT F9DS1 BY ! SIDE ( P>TN]%IP1 TEMPOR>Y P>TN]%IP1 & ! JO9T-/OCK COMPANY1 ! FREE SIL5T P>TN]%IP1 TEMP]$ ONLY BY ! PRUD5CE ( ! SIL5T P>TN]S & BY ! PROVISIONS ( ! P5AL CODE REG>D+ SW9DL+40 -- ,TROPLONG3 ,CIVIL & ,COMM]CIAL ,SOCIETIES3 ,PREFACE4 

,:AT A PHILOSOPHY IS ?AT :I* REJOICES 9 ! MISC>RIAGE ( RE=MATORY 5DEAVORS1 & :I* C\NTS ITS TRIUMPHS BY ! NEGATIVE RESULTS ( ! SPIRIT ( 9QUIRY6 ,WE CANNOT N[ 5T] UPON A MORE FUNDAM5TAL CRITICISM ( ! CIVIL & COMM]CIAL SOCIETIES1 :I* HAVE FURNI%$ ,M4 ,TROPLONG MAT]IAL = TWO VOLUMES4 ,WE WILL RES]VE ?IS SUBJECT = ! TIME :51 ! !ORY ( ECONOMIC CONTRADICTIONS BE+ F9I%$1 WE %ALL HAVE F\ND 9 !IR G5]AL EQUATION ! PROGRAM ( ASSOCIATION1 :I* WE %ALL !N PUBLI% 9 CONTRA/ ) ! PRACTICE & CONCEPTIONS ( \R PR$ECESSORS4 

,A WORD ONLY AS TO SIL5T P>TN]%IP4 

,ONE MI<T ?9K AT FIR/ BLU% ?AT ?IS =M ( JO9T-/OCK COMPANY1 BY ITS EXPANSIVE P[] & BY ! FACILITY = *ANGE :I* IT (F]S1 C\LD BE G5]ALIZ$ 9 SU* A WAY AS TO TAKE 9 AN 5TIRE NATION 9 ALL ITS COMM]CIAL & 9DU/RIAL RELATIONS4 ,BUT ! MO/ SUP]FICIAL EXAM9ATION ( ! CON/ITUTION ( ?IS SOCIETY DEMON/RATES V]Y QUICKLY ?AT ! SORT ( 5L>GEM5T ( :I* IT IS SUSCEPTIBLE1 9 ! MATT] ( ! NUMB] ( /OCKHOLD]S1 HAS NO?+ 9 COMMON ) ! EXT5SION ( ! SOCIAL BOND4 

,9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 LIKE ALL O!R COMM]CIAL SOCIETIES1 IT IS NECESS>ILY LIMIT$ TO A S+LE BRAN* ( EXPLOITATION3 9 ?IS RESPECT IT IS EXCLUSIVE ( ALL 9DU/RIES =EIGN TO ?AT PECULI>LY ITS [N4 ,IF IT W]E O!RWISE1 IT W\LD HAVE *ANG$ ITS NATURE2 IT W\LD BE A NEW =M ( SOCIETY1 :OSE /ATUTES W\LD REGULATE1 NO LONG] ! PR(ITS ESPECIALLY1 BUT ! DI/RIBUTION ( LABOR & ! CONDITIONS ( EX*ANGE2 IT W\LD BE EXACTLY SU* AN ASSOCIATION AS ,M4 ,TROPLONG D5IES & AS ! JURISPRUD5CE ( MONOPOLY EXCLUDES4 

,AS = ! P]SONAL COMPOSITION ( ! COMPANY1 IT NATURALLY DIVIDES ITSELF 9TO TWO CATEGORIES1 -- ! MANAG]S & ! /OCKHOLD]S4 ,! MANAG]S1 V]Y FEW 9 NUMB]1 >E *OS5 FROM ! PROMOT]S1 ORGANIZ]S1 & PATRONS ( ! 5T]PRISE3 9 TRU?1 !Y >E ! ONLY ASSOCIATES4 ,! /OCKHOLD]S1 COMP>$ ) ?IS LITTLE GOV]NM5T1 :I* ADM9I/]S ! SOCIETY ) FULL P[]1 >E A PEOPLE ( TAXPAY]S :O1 /RANG]S TO EA* O!R1 )\T 9FLU5CE & )\T RESPONSIBILITY1 HAVE NO?+ TO DO ) ! AFFAIR BEYOND !IR 9VE/M5TS4 ,!Y >E L5D]S AT A PREMIUM1 NOT ASSOCIATES4 

,ONE CAN SEE FROM ?IS H[ ALL ! 9DU/RIES ( ! K+DOM C\LD BE C>RI$ ON BY SU* COMPANIES1 & EA* CITIZ51 ?ANKS TO ! FACILITY = MULTIPLY+ HIS %>ES1 BE 9T]E/$ 9 ALL OR MO/ ( !SE COMPANIES )\T !REBY IMPROV+ HIS CONDITION3 IT MI<T HAPP5 EV5 ?AT IT W\LD BE MORE & MORE COMPROMIS$4 ,=1 ONCE MORE1 ! /OCKHOLD] IS ! BEA/ ( BURD51 ! EXPLOITABLE MAT]IAL ( ! COMPANY3 NOT = HIM IS ?IS SOCIETY =M$4 ,9 ORD] ?AT ASSOCIATION MAY BE REAL1 HE :O P>TICIPATES 9 IT MU/ DO SO1 NOT AS A GAMBL]1 BUT AS AN ACTIVE FACTOR2 HE MU/ HAVE A DELIB]ATIVE VOICE 9 ! C\NCIL2 HIS NAME MU/ BE EXPRESS$ OR IMPLI$ 9 ! TITLE ( ! SOCIETY2 EV]Y?+ REG>D+ HIM1 9 %ORT1 %\LD BE REGULAT$ 9 ACCORDANCE ) EQUALITY4 ,BUT !SE CONDITIONS >E PRECISELY ?OSE ( ! ORGANIZATION ( LABOR1 :I* IS NOT TAK5 9TO CONSID]ATION BY ! CODE2 !Y =M ! ,U,L,T,],I,O,R OBJECT ( POLITICAL ECONOMY1 & CONSEQU5TLY >E NOT TO BE TAK5 = GRANT$1 BUT TO BE CREAT$1 &1 AS SU*1 >E RADICALLY 9COMPATIBLE ) MONOPOLY4.<#a.> 

,SOCIALISM1 9 SPITE ( ITS HI<-S\ND+ NAME1 HAS SO F> BE5 NO MORE =TUNATE ?AN MONOPOLY 9 ! DEF9ITION (  

,NOTE3  

.<#a.> ,POSSIBLY !SE P>AGRAPHS WILL NOT BE CLE> TO ALL )\T ! EXPLANATION ?AT ! =M ( ASSOCIATION DISCUSS$ 9 !M1 CALL$ 9 ,FR5* ! COMM&ITE1 IS A JO9T-/OCK COMPANY TO :I* ! %>EHOLD]S SIMPLY L5D !IR CAPITAL1 )\T ACQUIR+ A %>E 9 ! MANAGEM5T OR 9CURR+ RESPONSIBILITY = ! RESULTS !RE(4 -- ,TRANSLATOR4 

SOCIETY3 WE MAY EV5 ASS]T ?AT1 9 ALL ITS PLANS ( ORGANIZATION1 IT HAS /EADILY %[N ITSELF 9 ?IS RESPECT A PLAGI>I/ ( POLITICAL ECONOMY4 ,M4 ,BLANC1 :OM ,I HAVE ALREADY QUOT$ 9 DISCUSS+ COMPETITION1 & :OM WE HAVE SE5 BY TURNS AS A P>TISAN ( ! HI]>*ICAL PR9CIPLE1 AN (FICI\S DEF5D] ( 9EQUALITY1 PREA*+ COMMUNISM1 D5Y+ ) A /ROKE ( ! P5 ! LAW ( CONTRADICTION BECAUSE HE CANNOT CONCEIVE IT1 AIM+ ABOVE ALL AT P[] AS ! F9AL SANCTION ( HIS SY/EM1 -- ,M4 ,BLANC (F]S US AGA9 ! CURI\S EXAMPLE ( A SOCIALI/ COPY+ POLITICAL ECONOMY )\T SUSPECT+ IT1 & TURN+ CONT9UALLY 9 ! VICI\S CIRCLE ( PROPRIET>Y R\T9E4 ,M4 ,BLANC REALLY D5IES ! SWAY ( CAPITAL2 HE EV5 D5IES ?AT CAPITAL IS EQUAL TO LABOR 9 PRODUCTION1 9 :I* HE IS 9 ACCORD ) HEAL?Y ECONOMIC !ORIES4 ,BUT HE CAN NOT OR DOES NOT KN[ H[ TO DISP5SE ) CAPITAL2 HE TAKES CAPITAL = HIS PO9T ( DEP>TURE2 HE APPEALS TO ! ,/ATE = ITS SIL5T P>TN]%IP3 ?AT IS1 HE GETS D[N ON HIS KNEES BE=E ! CAPITALI/S & RECOGNIZES ! SOV]EIGNTY ( MONOPOLY4 ,H5CE ! S+UL> CONTORTIONS ( HIS DIALECTICS4 ,I BEG ! READ]'S P>DON = !SE ET]NAL P]SONALITIES3 BUT S9CE SOCIALISM1 AS WELL AS POLITICAL ECONOMY1 IS P]SONIFI$ 9 A C]TA9 NUMB] ( WRIT]S1 ,I CANNOT DO O!RWISE ?AN QUOTE ITS AU?ORS4 

0,HAS OR HAS NOT CAPITAL10 SAID 0,LA ,PHALANGE10 09 SO F> AS IT IS A FACULTY 9 PRODUCTION1 ! LEGITIMACY ( ! O!R PRODUCTIVE FACULTIES8 ,IF IT IS ILLEGITIMATE1 ITS PRET5SIONS TO A %>E ( ! PRODUCT >E ILLEGITIMATE2 IT MU/ BE EXCLUD$2 IT HAS NO 9T]E/ TO RECEIVE3 IF1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 IT IS LEGITIMATE1 IT CANNOT BE LEGITIMATELY EXCLUD$ FROM P>TICIPATION 9 ! PR(ITS1 9 ! 9CREASE :I* IT HAS HELP$ TO CREATE40 

,! QUE/ION C\LD NOT BE /AT$ MORE CLE>LY4 ,M4 ,BLANC HOLDS1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 ?AT IT IS /AT$ 9 A V]Y CONFUS$ MANN]1 :I* MEANS ?AT IT EMB>RASSES HIM GREATLY1 & ?AT HE IS MU* WORRI$ TO F9D ITS MEAN+4 

,9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 HE SUPPOSES ?AT HE IS ASK$ 0:E!R IT IS EQUITABLE TO ALL[ ! CAPITALI/ A %>E ( ! PR(ITS ( PRODUCTION EQUAL TO ! LABOR]'S40 ,TO :I* ,M4 ,BLANC ANSW]S UNHESITAT+LY ?AT ?AT W\LD BE UNJU/4 ,!N FOLL[S AN \TBUR/ ( ELOQU5CE TO E/ABLI% ?IS 9JU/ICE4 

,N[1 ! PHALAN/]IAN DOES NOT ASK :E!R ! %>E ( ! CAPITALI/ %\LD OR %\LD NOT BE EQUAL TO ! LABOR]'S2 HE WI%ES TO KN[ SIMPLY :E!R HE IS TO HAVE A %>E4 ,& TO ?IS ,M4 ,BLANC MAKES NO REPLY4 

,IS IT MEANT1 CONT9UES ,M4 ,BLANC1 ?AT CAPITAL IS 9DISP5SABLE TO PRODUCTION1 LIKE LABOR ITSELF8 ,H]E ,M4 ,BLANC DI/+UI%ES3 HE GRANTS ?AT CAPITAL IS 9DISP5SABLE1 AS LABOR IS1 BUT NOT TO ! EXT5T ?AT LABOR IS4 

,ONCE AGA91 ! PHALAN/]IAN DOES NOT DISPUTE AS TO QUAN-TITY1 BUT AS TO RI<T4 

,IS IT MEANT -- IT IS /ILL ,M4 ,BLANC :O 9T]ROGATES -- ?AT ALL CAPITALI/S >E NOT IDL]S8 ,M4 ,BLANC1 G5]\S TO CAPITALI/S :O WORK1 ASKS :Y SO L>GE A %>E %\LD BE GIV5 TO ?OSE :O DO NOT WORK8 ,A FL[ ( ELOQU5CE AS TO ! IMP]SONAL S]VICES ( ! CAPITALI/ & ! P]SONAL S]VICES ( ! LABOR]1 T]M9AT$ BY AN APPEAL TO ,PROVID5CE4 

,= ! ?IRD TIME1 Y\ >E ASK$ :E!R ! P>TICIPATION ( CAPITAL 9 PR(ITS IS LEGITIMATE1 S9CE Y\ ADMIT ?AT IT IS 9DISP5SABLE 9 PRODUCTION4 

,AT LA/ ,M4 ,BLANC1 :O HAS UND]/OOD ALL ! TIME1 DECIDES TO REPLY ?AT1 IF HE ALL[S 9T]E/ TO CAPITAL1 HE DOES SO ONLY AS A TRANSITIONAL MEASURE & TO EASE ! DESC5T ( ! CAPITALI/S4 ,= ! RE/1 HIS PROJECT LEAD+ 9EVITABLY TO ! ABSORPTION ( PRIVATE CAPITAL 9 ASSOCIATION1 IT W\LD BE FOLLY & AN AB&ONM5T ( PR9CIPLE TO DO MORE4 ,M4 ,BLANC1 IF HE HAD /UDI$ HIS SUBJECT1 W\LD HAVE NE$$ TO SAY BUT A S+LE PHRASE3 0,I D5Y CAPITAL40 

,?US ,M4 ,BLANC1 -- & UND] HIS NAME ,I 9CLUDE ! :OLE ( SOCIALISM1 -- AFT] HAV+1 BY A FIR/ CONTRADICTION ( ! TITLE ( HIS BOOK1 0,O,R,G,A,N,I,Z,A,T,I,O,N ,( ,L,A,B,O,R10 DECL>$ ?AT CAPITAL WAS 9DISP5SABLE 9 PRODUCTION1 & CONSEQU5TLY ?AT IT %\LD BE ORGANIZ$ & P>TICIPATE 9 PR(ITS LIKE LABOR1 BY A SECOND CONTRADICTION REJECTS CAPITAL FROM ORGANIZATION & REFUSES TO RECOGNIZE IT3 BY A ?IRD CONTRADICTION HE :O LAU<S AT DECORATIONS & TITLES ( NOBILITY DI/RIBUTES CIVIC CR[NS1 REW>DS1 & DI/9CTIONS TO SU* LITT]ATEURS 9V5TORS1 & >TI/S AS %ALL HAVE DES]V$ WELL ( ! C\NTRY2 HE ALL[S !M SAL>IES ACCORD+ TO !IR GRADES & DIGNITIES2 ALL ( :I* IS ! RE/ORATION ( CAPITAL AS REALLY1 ?\< NOT ) ! SAME MA!MATICAL PRECISION1 AS 9T]E/ & NET PRODUCT3 BY A F\R? CONTRADICTION ,M4 ,BLANC E/ABLI%ES ?IS NEW >I/OCRACY ON ! PR9CIPLE ( EQUALITY1 -- ?AT IS1 HE PRET5DS TO VOTE MA/]%IPS TO EQUAL & FREE ASSOCIATES1 PRIVILEGES ( IDL5ESS TO LABOR]S1 SPOLIATION 9 %ORT TO ! DESPOIL$3 BY A FIF? CONTRADICTION HE RE/S ?IS EQUALIT>IAN >I/OCRACY ON ! BASIS ( A P[] 5D[$ ) GREAT =CE1 -- ?AT IS1 ON DESPOTISM1 ANO!R =M ( MONOPOLY3 BY A SIX? CONTRADICTION1 AFT] HAV+1 BY HIS 5C\RAGEM5TS TO LABOR & ! >TS1 TRI$ TO PROPORTION REW>D TO S]VICE1 LIKE MONOPOLY1 & WAGES TO CAPACITY1 LIKE MONOPOLY1 HE SETS HIMSELF TO EULOGIZE LIFE 9 COMMON1 LABOR & CONSUMPTION 9 COMMON1 :I* DOES NOT PREV5T HIM FROM WI%+ TO )DRAW FROM ! EFFECTS ( COMMON 9DIFF]5CE1 BY MEANS ( NATIONAL 5C\RAGEM5TS TAK5 \T ( ! COMMON PRODUCT1 ! GRAVE & S]I\S WRIT]S :OM COMMON READ]S DO NOT C>E =3 BY A SEV5? CONTRADICTION4 4 4 4 BUT LET US /OP AT SEV51 = WE %\LD NOT HAVE F9I%$ AT SEV5TY-SEV54 

,IT IS SAID ?AT ,M4 ,BLANC1 :O IS N[ PREP>+ A HI/ORY ( ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION1 HAS BEGUN TO S]I\SLY /UDY POLITICAL ECONOMY4 ,! FIR/ FRUIT ( ?IS /UDY WILL BE1 ,I DO NOT D\BT1 A REPUDIATION ( HIS PAMPHLET ON 0,ORGANIZATION ( ,LABOR10 & CONSEQU5TLY A *ANGE 9 ALL HIS IDEAS ( AU?ORITY & GOV]NM5T4 ,AT ?IS PRICE ! 0,HI/ORY ( ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION10 BY ,M4 ,BLANC1 WILL BE A TRULY USEFUL & ORIG9AL WORK4 

,ALL ! SOCIALI/IC SECTS1 )\T EXCEPTION1 >E POSSESS$ BY ! SAME PREJUDICE2 ALL1 UNCONSCI\SLY1 9SPIR$ BY ! ECONOMIC CONTRADICTION1 HAVE TO CONFESS !IR P[]LESSNESS 9 PRES5CE ( ! NECESSITY ( CAPITAL2 ALL >E WAIT+1 = ! REALIZATION ( !IR IDEAS1 TO HOLD P[] & MONEY 9 !IR H&S4 ,! UTOPIAS ( SOCIALISM 9 ! MATT] ( ASSOCIATION MAKE MORE PROM95T ?AN EV] ! TRU? :I* WE ANN\NC$ AT ! BEG9N+3 ,!RE IS NO?+ 9 SOCIALISM :I* IS NOT F\ND 9 POLITICAL ECONOMY2 & ?IS P]PETUAL PLAGI>ISM IS ! IRREVOCABLE CONDEMNATION ( BO?4 ,NO:]E IS TO BE SE5 ! DAWN ( ?AT MO!R-IDEA1 :I* SPR+S ) SO MU* ECLAT FROM ! G5]ATION ( ! ECONOMIC CATEGORIES1 -- ?AT ! SUP]IOR =MULA ( ASSOCIATION HAS NO?+ TO DO ) CAPITAL1 A MATT] = 9DIVIDUAL ACC\NTS1 BUT MU/ BE> SOLELY UPON EQUILIBRIUM ( PRODUCTION1 ! CONDITIONS ( EX*ANGE1 ! GRADUAL R$UCTION ( CO/1 ! ONE & ONLY S\RCE ( ! 9CREASE ( WEAL?4 ,9/EAD ( DET]M9+ ! RELATIONS ( 9DU/RY TO 9DU/RY1 ( LABOR] TO LABOR]1 ( PROV9CE TO PROV9CE1 & ( PEOPLE TO PEOPLE1 ! SOCIALI/S DREAM ONLY ( PROVID+ !MSELVES ) CAPITAL1 ALWAYS CONCEIV+ ! PROBLEM ( ! SOLID>ITY ( LABOR]S AS IF IT W]E A QUE/ION ( F\ND+ SOME NEW 9/ITUTION ( MONOPOLY4 ,! WORLD1 HUMANITY1 CAPITAL1 9DU/RY1 BUS9ESS MA*9]Y1 EXI/2 IT IS A MATT] N[ SIMPLY ( F9D+ !IR PHILOSOPHY1 -- 9 O!R WORDS1 ( ORGANIZ+ !M3 & ! SOCIALI/S >E 9 SE>* ( CAPITAL6 ,ALWAYS \TSIDE ( REALITY1 IS IT A/ONI%+ ?AT !Y MISS IT8 

,?US ,M4 ,BLANC ASKS = ,/ATE AID & ! E/ABLI%M5T ( NATIONAL WORK%OPS2 ?US ,F\RI] ASK$ = SIX MILLION FRANCS1 & HIS FOLL[]S >E /ILL 5GAG$ TODAY 9 COLLECT+ ?AT SUM2 ?US ! COMMUNI/S PLACE !IR HOPE 9 A REVOLUTION :I* %ALL GIVE !M AU?ORITY & ! TREASURY1 & EXHAU/ !MSELVES 9 WAIT+ = USELESS SUBSCRIPTIONS4 ,CAPITAL & P[]1 SECOND>Y ORGANS 9 SOCIETY1 >E ALWAYS ! GODS :OM SOCIALISM ADORES3 IF CAPITAL & P[] DID NOT EXI/1 IT W\LD 9V5T !M4 ,?R\< ITS ANXIETIES AB\T P[] & CAPITAL1 SOCIALISM HAS COMPLETELY OV]LOOK$ ! MEAN+ ( ITS [N PROTE/S3 MU* MORE1 IT HAS NOT SE5 ?AT1 9 9VOLV+ ITSELF1 AS IT HAS DONE1 9 ! ECONOMIC R\T9E1 IT HAS DEPRIV$ ITSELF ( ! V]Y RI<T TO PROTE/4 ,IT ACCUSES SOCIETY ( ANTAGONISM1 & ?R\< ! SAME ANTAGO-NISM IT GOES 9 PURSUIT ( RE=M4 ,IT ASKS CAPITAL = ! POOR LABOR]S1 AS IF ! MIS]Y ( LABOR]S DID NOT COME FROM ! COMPETITION ( CAPITALI/S AS WELL AS FROM ! FACTITI\S OPPOSITION ( LABOR & CAPITAL2 AS IF ! QUE/ION W]E NOT TODAY PRECISELY :AT IT WAS BE=E ! CREATION ( CAPITAL1 -- ?AT IS1 /ILL & ALWAYS A QUE/ION ( EQUILIBRIUM2 AS IF1 9 %ORT1 -- LET US REPEAT IT 9CESSANTLY1 LET US REPEAT IT TO SATIETY1 -- ! QUE/ION W]E H5CE=? ( SOME?+ O!R ?AN A SYN!SIS ( ALL ! PR9CIPLES BR\<T TO LI<T BY CIVILIZATION1 & AS IF1 PROVID$ ?IS SYN!SIS1 ! IDEA :I* LEADS ! WORLD1 W]E KN[N1 !RE W\LD BE ANY NE$ ( ! 9T]V5TION ( CAPITAL & ! ,/ATE TO MAKE !M EVID5T4 

,SOCIALISM1 9 DES]T+ CRITICISM TO DEVOTE ITSELF TO DECLAMATION & UTOPIA & 9 M+L+ ) POLITICAL & RELIGI\S 9TRIGUES1 HAS BETRAY$ ITS MISSION & MISUND]/OOD ! *>ACT] ( ! C5TURY4 ,! REVOLUTION ( #ahc DEMORALIZ$ US2 SOCIALISM IS MAK+ US EFFEM9ATE4 ,LIKE POLITICAL ECONOMY1 :OSE CONTRADICTIONS IT SIMPLY SIFTS AGA91 SOCIALISM IS P[]LESS TO SATISFY ! MOVEM5T ( M9DS3 IT IS H5CE=?1 9 ?OSE :OM IT SUBJUGATES1 ONLY A NEW PREJUDICE TO DE/ROY1 &1 9 ?OSE :O PROPAGATE IT1 A *>LATANISM TO UNMASK1 ! MORE DANG]\S BECAUSE ALMO/ ALWAYS S9C]E4 

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