,DAY #g1 ,AFT]NOON ,SESSION 
,TUESDAY1 ,JULY #d 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD 7,I,W,W7 

,TEXT 3 

,C,O,N,V,5,T,I,O,N 
,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD 
,S,E,V,5,? ,D,A,Y 
,TUESDAY1 ,JULY #d 
,A,F,T,],N,O,O,N ,S,E,S,S,I,O,N 

,*AIRMAN ,HAYWOOD CALL$ ! CONV5TION TO ORD] AT #b ,P4 ,M4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,:5 ! CONV5TION ADJ\RN$ IT WAS TO MEET AT TWO O'CLOCK & TAKE UP ! REPORT ( ! ,COMMITTEE ON ,CON/ITUTION4 ,IS ! ,COMMITTEE ON ,CON/ITUTION READY TO REPORT8 

,! COMMITTEE NOT BE+ READY TO REPORT1 A RECESS WAS TAK51 & ! CONV5TION REASSEMBL$ AT #b4#e ,P4 ,M4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,HAVE ! DIFF]5T GR\PS SELECT$ !IR MEMB]S = ! ,RITUAL ,COMMITTEE8 
,R,I,T,U,A,L ,C,O,M,M,I,T,T,E,E 

,! V>I\S GR\PS H&$ 9 !IR SELECTIONS1 & ! ,*AIRMAN ANN\NC$ ! FOLL[+ AS ! ,COMMITTEE ON ,RITUAL3 

,AM]ICAN ,LABOR ,UNION--,W4 ,%URTLEFF4 

,S4 ,T4 @& ,L4 ,A4--,S4 ,J4 ,FR5*4  

,U4 ,B4 ,R4 ,E4--,J4 ,S4 ,MC,DONALD4 

,WE/]N ,F$]ATION ( ,M9]S--7,SELECTION DEF]R$47  

,9DIVIDUALS--,C4 ,C4 ,ROSS1 ,GUY ,E4 ,MILL]1 ,JAMES ,MURTAU<4 
,R,E,P,O,R,T ,( ,C,O,N,/,I,T,U,T,I,O,N ,C,O,M,M,I,T,T,E,E 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,WE WILL N[ HAVE ! REPORT ( ! ,COMMITTEE ON ,CON/ITUTION4 ,PROCE$ ) ! READ+ ( ! ,CON/ITUTION4 

,D,E,L4 ,M,O,Y,]3 ,MR4 ,*AIRMAN & BRO!R & SI/] DELEGATES1 ! ,CON/ITUTION ,COMMITTEE APPO9T$ BY ! CONV5TION1 :O1 ,I MAY SAY = MY ASSOCIATES ON ! COMMITTEE1 HAVE WORK$ FAI?FULLY S9CE !IR APPO9TM5T1 HAVE MADE AN EF=T TO PRES5T A BODY OR CON/ITUTION TO ?IS ORGANIZATION :I* WE BELIEVE WILL BE SUFFICI5T TO GOV]N ?IS 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATION ?AT MAY BE LAUN*$ UNTIL A CONV5TION MAY BE CALL$ SOME TIME 9 ! FUTURE4 ,IT IS NOT NECESS>Y = ME TO 5T] 9TO ANY PRELIM9>IES 9 REG>D TO ! WORK ( ! COMMITTEE1 SO ,I WILL PROCE$ TO READ1 BEG9N+ AT ! ,PREAMBLE4 ,I MI<T SAY ?AT ,I HAVE UND]/OOD ?AT ! ,PREAMBLE DRAWN UP BY ! COMMITTEE ON CON/ITUTION HAS ALREADY BE5 ADOPT$ BY ?IS CONV5TION4 ,I HAVE NO P]SONAL KN[L$GE ( IT1 AS ,I WAS NOT PRES5T ON ! FLOOR ( ! CONV5TION :5 ?IS P>T ( ! WORK ( ! COMMITTEE ON CON/ITUTION WAS ADOPT$4 ,I WILL BEG9 BY READ+ ! ,PREAMBLE1 & !N ! CON/ITUTION4 

,DELEGATE ,MOY] !N READ ! ,PREAMBLE & ! FIR/ TWO >TICLES ( ! ,CON/ITUTION1 AFT] :I*1 AT HIS REQUE/1 ,DELEGATE ,T4 ,J4 ,HAG]TY1 ,SECRET>Y ( ! ,COMMITTEE ON ,CON/ITUTION1 COMPLET$ ! READ+ ( ! REPORT4 

,AT ! CONCLUSION ( ! READ+ ( ! ,CON/ITUTION1 ,*AIRMAN ,MOY]1 ON BEHALF ( ! ,COMMITTEE1 ADD$ ! FOLL[+3 

,D,E,L4 ,M,O,Y,]3 ,! ,COMMITTEE ON ,CON/ITUTION1 SELECT$ BY ?IS CONV5TION A FEW DAYS AGO1 SUBMIT !IR REPORT AT ?IS TIME4 ,WE FULLY REALIZE ?AT ! MATT]S SET =? 9 ! REPORT SUBMITT$ MAY NOT BE SUFFICI5T TO GOV]N ?IS ORGANIZATION 9 ! FUTURE4 ,WE BELIEVE ?AT WE HAVE SUBMITT$ A =M ( CON/ITUTION SUFFICI5T TO LAUN* ?IS 9DU/RIAL MOVEM5T4 ,WE HAVE AGRE$ UPON ?IS CON/ITUTION1 ?IS REPORT AS READ BY ! SECRET>Y ( ! ,COMMITTEE ON ,CON/ITUTION & MYSELF1 ) ! EXCEPTION ( ONE MEMB] ( ! CON/ITUTION COMMITTEE4 ,) ! EXCEPTION ( ?AT ONE MEMB] WE BELIEVE ?AT ?IS REPORT1 ?IS =M ( CON/ITUTION1 %\LD BE ADOPT$ BY ?IS DELEGATION & ?IS 9DU/RIAL MOVEM5T LAUN*$ AT ?IS PRACTICAL TIME1 & ?AT SU* *ANGES AS MAY BE NECESS>Y 9 ! GOV]NM5T ( ?IS ORGANIZATION AFT] BE+ LAUN*$ %\LD BE LEFT 9 ! H&S ( AN ,EXECUTIVE ,BO>D OR AN ,EXECUTIVE ,C\NCIL ?AT MAY BE SELECT$ BY ?IS CONV5TION4 ,9 SUPPORT ( !IR REPORT TO ?IS CONV5TION ! ,COMMITTEE ON ,CON/ITUTION HAS ! FOLL[+ MOTION3 0,MOV$ BY ,DE ,LEON & SECOND$ BY ,HAG]TY ?AT IF ANY AM5DM5TS1 *ANGES OR ALT]ATIONS >E (F]$ TO ?IS REPORT BY ! CONV5TION1 ,*AIRMAN ,MOY] ( ! ,COMMITTEE ON ,CON/ITUTION1 %ALL DEM& 9 \R NAME A ROLL CALL !REON40 ,WE SUBMIT ! REPORT ( ! ,COMMITTEE ON ,CON/ITUTION TO Y\ & IT IS N[ Y\R PROP]TY4 7,APPLAUSE47 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,MR4 ,*AIRMAN1 ,I MOVE Y\ ?AT ! REPORT BE TAK5 UP & READ & ACT$ ON S]IATIM4 7,SECOND$47 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,IT HAS BE5 REGUL>LY MOV$ & SECOND$ ?AT ! REPORT ( ! ,COMMITTEE ON ,CON/ITUTION BE TAK5 UP S]IATIM4 ,>E Y\ READY = ! QUE/ION8 7,QUE/ION CALL$ =74 ,ALL ?OSE 9 FAVOR ( ! MOTION WILL SIGNIFY IT BY SAY+ AYE4 ,CONTR>Y NO4 ,! MOTION IS C>RI$1 & ! SECRET>Y WILL PLEASE READ4 
,D,E,B,A,T,E ,O,N ,N,A,M,E 

,DELEGATE ,T4 ,J4 ,HAG]TY1 SECRET>Y ( ! COMMITTEE1 !N READ ,SECTION #a1 ,>TICLE #a1 AS FOLL[S3 0,?IS ORGANIZATION %ALL BE KN[N AS ',! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD40' 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,I WANT TO (F] AN AM5DM5T TO ! FIR/ SECTION4 ,9/EAD ( 0,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD10 ,I WANT TO (F] ! NAME 0,! ,9DU/RIAL ,UNION ( ,AM]ICA40 ,IF ,I CAN GET A SECOND TO ! MOTION ,I WILL GIVE Y\ MY REASONS = ?IS4 7,AM5DM5T SECOND$47 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,Y\ HAVE HE>D ! AM5DM5T4 ,>E Y\ READY = ! QUE/ION8 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,MR4 ,*AIRMAN1 ! ONLY REASON ,I (F] ?IS MOTION IS ! FACT ?AT ,I REALIZE ?AT WE1 ON ! ,AM]ICAN CONT95T1 HAVE NO RI<T TO ORGANIZE A UNION = ! WORK]S ( ! WORLD4 ,I REALIZE ?AT WE CAN ONLY ORGANIZE ! ,AM]ICAN P>T ( ! 9DU/RIAL WORK]S' UNION ( ! WORLD4 ,I BELIEVE1 ,MR4 ,PRESID5T & FELL[ DELEGATES1 ?AT :5 WE GO 9TO AN 9DU/RIAL WORK]S' ORGANIZATION ( ! WORLD WE MU/ GO 9TO AN ORGANIZATION MADE UP ( LIKE ORGANIZATIONS AS ?IS FROM EV]Y NATION 9 ! WORLD 9TO AN 9T]NATIONAL LABOR UNION ( ! WORLD2 & ,I DO NOT BELIEVE ?AT WE \<T TO BEG9 ) ! IDEA ( /RET*+ \RSELVES BEYOND ! REAL DOMA9 ( ?IS ORGANIZATION4 ,I BELIEVE ?AT ,5GL&1 ,G]MANY1 ,FRANCE1 & ALL ! V>I\S NATIONS ( ! E>? %\LD BE GIV5 !IR EQUAL RI<T 9 ORGANIZ+ !IR GREAT NATIONAL & 9T]NATIONAL 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATIONS1 & !N WE \<T TO COME 9TO AN 9T]NATIONAL CONGRESS SU* AS HAS ALREADY BE5 ORGANIZ$ & HAS ITS HEADQU>T]S N[ 9 ,G]MANY2 & ,I BELIEVE WE >E1 AS ,I SAY1 BEYOND \R T]RITORY :5 WE ATTEMPT TO LAUN* ?IS MOVEM5T1 :I* MU/ NECESS>ILY CONF9E ITSELF AT LEA/ TO ,AM]ICA1 ,CANADA1 & ! NE>BY NATIONS ?AT WI% TO COME 9 ) US 9 ?IS ORGANIZATION4 ,I REALLY BELIEVE ?AT IT W\LD BE MORE ATTRACTIVE1 IF Y\ PLEASE1 TO ! WORK]S ( ,AM]ICA1 ?IS LATT] NAME ?AT ,I SUGGE/1 ,I BELIEVE IT WILL COV] \R 5TIRE T]RITORY1 & ,I BELIEVE ?AT IS ! K9D ( NAME ?AT WE \<T TO HAVE1 LIMIT+ \RSELVES TO ! ,AM]ICAN CONT95T4 

,D,E,L4 ,B,>,T,L,E,T,T3 ,I SECOND ! AM5DM5T1 = ?IS REASON3 ,WE >E TRY+ TO LAUN* AN 9DU/RIAL UNION MOVEM5T4 ,9DU/RIAL UNIONISM IS GA9+ MORE PROM95CE AMONG ! WORK]S1 & BY CALL+ ?IS ! ,9DU/RIAL ,UNION ( ,AM]ICA WE CAN EXPLA9 ! IDEA ( 9DU/RIAL UNIONISM MORE 9TELLIG5TLY4 ,I !RE=E SECOND ! AM5DM5T4 

,D,E,L4 ,B,],N,9,E3 ,I HAVE ONLY ONE OBJECT 9 SECOND+ ?IS MOTION4 ,IT WAS NOT BECAUSE ,I WANT$ TO CONF9E IT TO A NATIONALITY1 BECAUSE NO ONE RECOGNIZES MORE ?AN ,I DO ! 9T]NATIONAL *>ACT] ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 BE+ A MEMB] ( ?AT CLASS4 ,!RE IS ?R\<\T ! WORLD BUT ONE WORK+ CLASS4 7,APPLAUSE74 ,BELIEV+ AS ,I DO ?AT ?IS UNION ( ! WORK+ CLASS 9 ,AM]ICA IS ORGANIZ$ ONLY = ONE PURPOSE1 ONE ULTIMATE AIM1 ONE OBJECT1 & ?AT ! OV]?R[ ( ! CAPITALI/ CLASS1 & KN[+ AS ,I DO & AS ! MEMB]S ( ! DELEGATION ) :OM ,I AM H]E1 ?AT ! WORK]S ( EA* C\NTRY1 AL?\< !Y UNITE ) ! WORK]S ( ! :OLE WORLD1 ?AT ! WORK]S ( EA* C\NTRY MU/ SETTLE ) !IR [N CAPITALI/ CLASS 2 & ?AT IS ! ONLY REASON ?AT ?AT PO9T MI<T BE KEPT 9 VIEW1 ?AT :5 ! TIME IS OPPORTUNE H]E = US TO SEIZE ?AT = :I* WE >E ORGANIZ$1 & IF WE >E NOT ORGANIZ$ = ?AT PURPOSE WE >E SIMPLY WA/+ \R [N TIME & DELUD+ ! WORK]S ) A FALSE HOPE4 ,?AT PURPOSE CAN ONLY BE1 & IT IS ! ONLY PURPOSE = :I* WE /& ON ! FLOOR ( ?IS CONV5TION1 ! F9AL & COMPLETE EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK+ CLASS & ! ABSOLUTE1 UNCONDITIONAL SURR5D] BY ! CAPITALI/ CLASS ( ALL ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION TO ! PEOPLE1 NAMELY1 ! WORK+ CLASS4 7,APPLAUSE74 ,!RE=E ,I BELIEVE ?AT :ILE WE BE> 9 M9D ?AT !RE IS BUT ONE WORK+ CLASS & ?AT WE \<T TO BE 9TIMATELY JO9$ ) ?AT CLASS1 ?AT ! 9T]E/S ( ! WORK]S 9 ,EUROPE OR 9 ,*9A >E ID5TICAL ) ! 9T]E/S ( ! WORK]S 9 ,AM]ICA1 YET WE %\LD NOT LOSE SI<T ( ! FACT ?AT WE MU/ F9ALLY SETTLE ) \R [N CAPITALI/ CLASS4 

,D,E,L4 ,W,R,I,<,T3 ,I WANT TO SAY1 ) REG>D TO ! NAME AS SETTL$ ON BY ! ,COMMITTEE ON ,CON/ITUTION1 ?AT WE DID NOT UND]/& ! NAME TO BE A DEF9ITION OR AN 9DICATION ( ! JURISDICTION ( ?IS ORGANIZATION4 ,WE UND]/OOD ! NAME ( ?IS ORGANIZATION TO BE A G5]AL DESIGNATION ( \R POSITION ) REG>D TO ALL ! WORK]S ( ! WORLD4 ,N[1 ,I CANNOT CONCEIVE1 NOR DO ,I1 ?AT ANY NAME = ANY ORGANIZATION DOES DEF9E ! JURISDICTION ( ! ORGANIZATION4 ,& ,I CANNOT CONCEIVE1 !RE=E1 ?AT ! QUE/IONS ?AT ! O!R DELEGATES HAVE RAIS$ ) REG>D TO ! AM5DM5T & AGA9/ ! ORIG9AL PROPOSITION AS PRES5T$ BY ! ,COMMITTEE ON ,CON/ITUTION >E VALID4 ,IF !Y W]E VALID IT W\LD BE DIFF]5T1 BUT ,I DO NOT BELIEVE ?AT !Y >E1 UND] ?OSE CIRCUM/ANCES1 S9CE ?IS NAME DOES NOT DEF9E ! JURISDICTION ( ?IS ORGANIZATION4 ,IT SIMPLY SETS =? TO ALL WORK+M5 ?AT WE RECOGNIZE ! PR9CIPLE ?AT WE >E ALL WORK]S ( ! WORLD & BELONG AS SU* 9 ?AT CATEGORY AS WORK]S ( ! WORLD1 9DU/RIAL WORK]S ( ! WORLD2 & ,I ?9K ?AT IF WE FLY ?AT BANN] AS A NAME = ! ORGANIZATION A GOOD DEAL1 AS SOME O!R ORGANIZATIONS HAVE FL[N ! BANN] 0,WORK+M5 ( ,ALL ,C\NTRIES ,UNITE10 WE RECOGNIZE ! FACT NEV]!LESS ?AT ! WORK+ CLASS ( EA* C\NTRY W\LD HAVE TO SETTLE ) ITS [N CAPITALI/ CLASS 9 EA* RESPECTIVE C\NTRY4 7,APPLAUSE47 

,A ,D,E,L,E,G,A,T,E3 ,I W\LD LIKE TO ASK ! SECRET>Y OR ! COMMITTEE = ! REASONS = GIV+ ! NAME ?AT ! COMMITTEE HAS8 

,D,E,L4 ,T4 ,J ,H,A,G,],T,Y3 ,AS ,BRO!R ,WRI<T1 ( ?AT COMMITTEE1 HAS EXPLA9$ ! MEAN+ ( ! COMMITTEE AS F> AS ,I UND]/&1 ,I DO NOT ?9K ANY?+ CAN BE ADD$ TO IT EXCEPT ?AT 9 CONF9+ ! NAME TO ,AM]ICA IT W\LD %UT \T1 = 9/ANCE1 ONE ( \R BRO!RS H]E 9 ,NEW ,J]SEY :O IS 9 COMMUNICATION ) ! MEMB]S ( HIS ASSOCIATION 9 ,HAMBURG1 & W\LD %UT \T A GREAT MANY 9 ,S\? ,AM]ICA & ,MEXICO :O >E NOT1 SO F> AS ! WORD 0,AM]ICAN0 GOES1 PRACTICALLY1 ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4 

,D,E,L4 ,B,],N,9,E3 ,S9CE ! PO9T ,I MADE SEEMS TO BE FULLY UND]/OOD BY ?IS CONV5TION1 ,I WILL )DRAW MY SECOND1 ) ! CONS5T ( ! MAK] ( ! MOTION4 

,QUE/ION CALL$ =4 

,D,E,L4 ,R,I,O,R,D,A,N3 ,I DO NOT SUPPOSE !RE >E V]Y MANY DELEGATES H]E :O C>E V]Y MU* AB\T 9T]NATIONAL B\ND>Y L9ES1 BUT ,I AM GO+ TO SPEAK AB\T H[ ?IS NAME WILL BE TAK5 9 ! C\NTRY ACROSS AN 9T]NATIONAL B\ND>Y L9E1 NAMELY1 ,CANADA4 

,!RE >E MANY ORGANIZATIONS OV] !RE :I* AT ! PRES5T TIME >E AFFILIAT$ ) ORGANIZATIONS ?AT >E TO BECOME A P>T ( ?IS ORGANIZATION4 ,I AM SURE ?AT !Y WILL PROTE/ OR F9D A LITTLE FAULT ) ! NAME 0,AM]ICA40 ,WE HAVE OV] !RE A GREAT NUMB] ( PATRIOTIC ,CANADIANS :O DO NOT AGREE ) ! NAME ( AN ORGANIZATION DEF9+ ITSELF TOO CLOSELY4 ,AT ! TIME ?AT ! ,AM]ICAN ,LABOR ,UNION *ANG$ ITS NAME FROM ?AT ( ! ,WE/]N ,LABOR ,UNION IT CREAT$ A GREAT DEAL ( FEEL+ ?R\<\T ,BRITI% ,COLUMBIA [+ TO ! FACT ?AT !Y HAD MADE ! *ANGE )\T !IR APPROVAL4 ,N[1 ,I WANT TO SAY1 DELEGATES1 ?AT IT CREATES MORE OR LESS ( A PREJUDICE :5 Y\ DEF9E ?+S SO CLOSELY AS TO NAME OR DESIGNATE 9T]NATIONAL B\ND>Y L9ES4 ,WE HAVE SOME OV] !RE1 ,I WILL ACKN[L$GE1 :O REALIZE ! FACT ?AT !Y MU/ BE COSMOPOLITAN 9 A MATT] ( ?IS K9D4 ,!Y DO NOT WANT TO RECOGNIZE 9T]NATIONAL B\ND>Y L9ES4 ,I = ONE DO NOT4 ,BUT !RE >E MANY :O >E MEMB]S ( ORGANIZATIONS ?AT >E AB\T TO AFFILIATE !MSELVES ) ?IS ORGANIZATION :O WILL OPPOSE A NAME ( ?AT K9D1 & ,I OBJECT TO ! NAME ( 0,AM]ICAN0 9 NAM+ ?IS ORGANIZATION4 

,D,E,L4 ,K,L,E,M,5,S,I,C3 ,BRO!R ,*AIRMAN & FELL[ DELEGATES1 :5 Y\ TRY TO DEF9E :AT ! B\ND>Y L9E IS BETWE5 ONE NATIONALITY & ANO!R ONE1 ! ONLY ?+ ?AT IS PLAUSIBLE IS ?IS3 IT IS ! COMMON SUBMISSION ( A COMMON LOT ( M5 & WOM5 TO A COMMON SET ( M5 ?AT >E RUL+ !M 9 ! NAME ( SOME SUPREME BE+ OR SOME SUPREME P[]1 & ?IS SUPPOS$-TO-BE B\ND>Y IS SOME?+ ?AT Y\ NEI!R CAN SEE NOR FEEL1 BUT IT IS ! PLUTOCRACY ?AT ORGANIZ$ IT ?AT WAY4 ,WE KN[ WE HAVE GOT ,AU/RIANS1 ,*9AM51 ,JAPS1 & PEOPLE ( ALL NATIONALITIES H]E 9 ?IS C\NTRY4 ,SO WE HAVE GOT ,FR5*M51 ,G]MANS & ,ITALIANS1 & WE >E A COSMOPOLITAN CR[D4 ,N[1 !N1 AS IT IS1 ALL L9ES ?AT W]E EV] E/ABLI%$ HAVE ALWAYS BE5 E/ABLI%$ BY M5 :O W]E A BUN* ( ROBB]S1 ?IEVES & EXPLOIT]S1 & WE WANT TO COMB9E \RSELVES AS HUMANITY1 AS ONE LOT ( PEOPLE1 ?OSE ?AT >E PRODUC+ ! WEAL? ( \R OPPRESSORS1 & WE WANT TO HAVE UND] ?AT BANN] \R BRO!RS & SI/]S ( ! WORLD4 

,QUE/ION CALL$ =4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,! AM5DM5T IS ?AT ,SECTION #a ( ,>TICLE #a %ALL BE *ANG$ TO READ 0,! ,9DU/RIAL ,UNION ( ,AM]ICA0 9/EAD ( 0,! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD40 ,?OSE 9 FAVOR 

,D,E,L4 ,M,O,Y,]3 ,ROLL CALL1 ,BRO!R ,SECRET>Y4 7,ROLL CALL SECOND$47 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,WE WILL HAVE A ROLL CALL IF !RE IS ANY QUE/ION AS TO ! RESULT ( ?IS VOTE4 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,ALL[ ME TO SAY A WORD 9 CONCLUSION1 & ?AT IS1 ?AT IF !RE IS ANYBODY H]E :O BELIEVES ?AT ,I AM A /ICKL] = A NATIONAL OR 9T]NATIONAL B\ND>Y HE IS V]Y MU* MI/AK54 ,BUT ,I ?9K WE \<T TO BE AT LEA/ S5SIBLE ON ! MATT]4 ,! IDEA IS SIMPLY ?IS ) ME3 ,( C\RSE WE DO NOT C>E ANY?+ AB\T ! NAME ( ,AM]ICA OR ANY?+ ELSE4 ,I AGREE L>GELY ) MY FELL[ DELEGATE OV] H]E :O SPOKE ( ! FACT ?AT EV]Y NATIONALITY MU/ SETTLE ITS [N QUE/IONS1 ESPECIALLY 9DU/RIAL & POLITICAL4 ,!RE IS NO D\BT AB\T ?AT4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT P]HAPS IT IS NOT SETTL$ F9ALLY 9 ANY NATION UNTIL ! RE/ ( ! WORLD %ALL HAVE ACT$4 ,NEV]!LESS ?OSE >E NATIONAL QUE/IONS AT ! PRES5T TIME4 ,BUT ! *IEF IDEA ?AT ,I HAD 9 M9D WAS ?IS WE HAVE NO RI<T TO TAKE AWAY ! PRIVILEGE ( ANY O!R NATION TO ORGANIZE SU* A UNION AS WE H]E >E ORGANIZ+4 ,:AT COMPLICATIONS WILL WE GET 9TO IF WE ACCEPT ! MEMB]%IP 9 ?IS ORGANIZATION ( A MAN :O LIVES 9 ,FRANCE OR 9 ,5GL& OR 9 ANY O!R NATION8 ,>E WE GO+ 9TO ALL ?OSE V>I\S NATIONS TO ACCEPT MEMB]%IP 9TO ?IS ORGANIZATION8 ,IF WE DO WE WILL HAVE NO 5D ( TURMOIL 9 ! RANKS ( ORGANIZ$ LABOR4 ,WE WILL P]HAPS GET MIX$ UP ) M5 :O DO NOT WANT TO BELONG TO !IR ORGANIZATIONS !RE1 :O BELIEVE ?AT !Y >E FOLL[+ ! BE/ POLICY 9 ! 9T]E/ ( ! WORK]S & :O DO NOT BELIEVE WE HAVE ?+S RI<T1 & 9 FACT WE >E GO+ TO GET 9TO TR\BLE IF WE ATTEMPT TO /RET* \RSELVES OV] ! WORLD4 ,WE SIMPLY WANT TO CONF9E \RSELVES TO ! PEOPLE :O >E WORK+ CLOSELY TOGE!R4 ,!RE IS NO D\BT 9 MY M9D BUT :AT WE WILL GET ALONG WELL ) \R FELL[ WORKM5 9 ,CANADA OR ,MEXICO OR ON ! ,AM]ICAN CONT95T4 ,?AT WAS MY IDEA ( LIMIT+ ?IS EXT5SION OR ?IS B\ND>Y ( ! ORGANIZATION TO ! 5TIRE ,AM]ICAN CONT95T1 :]E PRACTICALLY \R 9T]E/S >E ALL ID5TICAL AS F> AS ! POLITICAL FEATURES & ! 9DU/RIAL FEATURES >E CONC]N$4 ,BUT ,I ?9K WE >E GO+ TO GET \RSELVES MIX$ UP ) EV]Y O!R NATION IF WE ATTEMPT TO /RET* ?IS TO ! 9DU/RIAL WORK]S ( ! WORLD & LET 9DIVIDUAL ORGANIZATIONS1 OR 9DIVIDUAL MEMB]S1 IF Y\ PLEASE1 ( ! WORK+ CLASS ( EV]Y NATION COME 9TO ?IS ORGANIZATION4 ,ALL ,I WANT IS SOME PRACTICAL1 S5SIBLE ORGANIZATION4 

,QUE/ION AGA9 CALL$ =4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,! DEBATE HAS BE5 CLOS$ ON ?IS AM5DM5T4 ,! AM5DM5T IS TO *ANGE ! NAME ( ?IS ORGANIZATION FROM 0,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD10 TO 0,9DU/RIAL ,UNION ( ,AM]ICA40 ,?OSE 9 FAVOR ( ! AM5DM5T WILL SIGNIFY IT BY SAY+ AYE4 ,CONTR>Y NO4 

,A DIVISION & A ROLL CALL W]E CALL$ =4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,IF A ROLL CALL IS DESIR$ ! SECRET>Y WILL PROCE$4 

,! SECRET>Y PROCE$$ TO CALL ! ROLL4 ,BE=E ! CALL ( ! GR\PS WAS F9I%$ ,DELEGATE ,FITZG]ALD *ANG$ HIS VOTE FROM NO TO YES4 ,DELEGATE ,%]MAN1 9 ! ABS5CE ( HIS COLLEAGUE1 ,KIRKPATRICK1 /AT$ ?AT !RE WAS AN UND]/&+ ?AT ! VOTE ( ! ,UNIT$ ,METAL ,WORK]S WAS TO BE CA/ AS A UNIT4 ,A DELEGATE SUGGE/$ AT ?IS PO9T ?AT ! FUR!R CALL+ ( ! ROLL BE DISP5S$ )1 BUT ! ,*AIRMAN DIRECT$ ?AT IT PROCE$4 ,AFT] A FEW ( ! 9DIVIDUAL NAMES HAD BE5 CALL$ ,DELEGATE ,MURTAU< SUGGE/$ ! USELESSNESS ( CONT9U+ ! ROLL CALL 9 VIEW ( ! APP>5T RESULT1 BUT ! CALL ( ! 9DIVIDUALS WAS COMPLET$4 ,AT ! CONCLUSION ( ! CALL-- 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,! AM5DM5T ON ! FACE ( ! C\NT HAS BE5 LO/4 ,! SECRET>Y WILL C\NT IT UP & GIVE ! CORRECT RESULT ( ! VOTE4 ,! AM5DM5T IS LO/4 

7,LAT] 9 ! PROCE$+S ! RESULT ( ! VOTE WAS ANN\NC$ BY ! SECRET>Y AS3 ,AYES1 #c#e#d2 NOES1 #d#g1#g#b#h47 

,D,E,L4 ,L,U,C,Y ,E4 ,P,>,S,O,N,S3 ,I RECOGNIZE1 AT LEA/ ,I BELIEVE1 ?AT ! ORIG9AL NAME COV]S TOO MU* GR\ND1 & ! ONE ?AT HAS BE5 (F]$ & LO/ COV]S TOO LITTLE1 SO ,I MOVE ?AT WE SUB/ITUTE 0,! ,AM]ICAN ,BRAN* ( ! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD40 

,D,E,L4 ,D,E ,L,E,O,N3 ,CAN WE MAKE AN AM5DM5T TO ! MOTION8 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,!RE IS NO SECOND TO ! AM5DM5T4 ,! MOTION OCCURS ON ! P>AGRAPH1 ,SECTION #a ( ,>TICLE #a AS ALREADY SUBMITT$ BY ! ,CON/ITUTION ,COMMITTEE4 ,?OSE 9 FAVOR ( ! MOTION WILL SIGNIFY IT BY SAY+ AYE1 CONTR>Y NO4 ,! MOTION IS C>RI$ & ! ,SECTION ADOPT$4 7,GREAT APPLAUSE74 ,! SECRET>Y WILL PROCE$ TO READ4 

,SECRET>Y ,HAG]TY1 ( ! ,COMMITTEE1 !N READ ,SECTION #b ( ,>TICLE #a1 AS FOLL[S3 

,SECTION #b4 7A7 ,& %ALL BE COMPOS$ ( ?IRTE5 9T]NATIONAL 9DU/RIAL UNIONS1 DESIGNAT$ AS FOLL[S ,DIVISION #a %ALL BE COMPOS$ ( ALL P]SONS WORK+ 9 ! FOLL[+ 9DU/RIES3 ,CL]KS1 SALESM51 TOBACCO1 PACK+ H\SES1 FL\R MILLS1 SUG> REF9]IES1 DAIRIES1 BAK]IES & K9DR$ 9DU/RIES4  

,DIVISION #b4 ,BREW]Y1 W9E & DI/ILL]Y WORK]S4  

,DIVISION #c4 ,FLORICULTURE1 /OCK & G5]AL F>M+4 

,DIVISION #d4 ,M9+1 MILL+1 SMELT+ & REF9+ COAL1 ORES1 METALS1 SALT & IRON4 

,DIVISION #e4 ,/EAM RAILWAY1 ELECTRIC RAILWAY1 M>9E1 %IPP+ & TEAM+4 

,DIVISION #f4 ,ALL BUILD+ EMPLOYES4 

,DIVISION #g4 ,ALL TEXTILE 9DU/RIAL EMPLOYES4  

,DIVISION #h4 ,ALL LEA!R 9DU/RIAL WORK]S4 

,DIVISION #i4 ,ALL WOOD WORK+ EMPLOYES EXCEPT+ ?OSE 5GAG$ 9 BUILD+ DEP>TM5TS4 

,DIVISION #a4 ,ALL METAL 9DU/RIAL EMPLOYES4 

,DIVISION #a#a4 ,ALL GLASS & POTT]Y EMPLOYES4 

,DIVISION #a#b4 ,ALL PAP] MILLS1 *EMICAL1 RUBB]1 BROOM1 BRU% & JEWELRY 9DU/RIES4 

,DIVISION #a#c4 ,P>KS1 HI<WAYS1 MUNICIPAL1 PO/AL S]VICE1 TELEGRAPH1 TELEPHONE1 S*OOLS & $UCATIONAL 9/ITUTIONS1 AMUSEM5TS1 SANIT>Y1 PR9T+1 HOTEL1 RE/AURANT & LAUNDRY EMPLOYES4 

,C5TRAL BODIES4 ,C5TRAL BODIES 7FIR/7 COMPOS$ ( SEV5 OR MORE LOCAL UNIONS 9 TWO OR MORE 9DU/RIES %ALL BE KN[N AS 9DU/RIAL C\NCILS2 7SECOND7 ,LOCAL UNIONS1 9 SU* 9DU/RIES AS >E NOT ORGANIZ$ & REPRES5T$ ON ! ,G5]AL ,EXECUTIVE ,BO>D2 7?IRD7 ,9DIVIDUAL MEMB]S 9 SU* PLACES :]E !RE IS NOT A SUFFICI5T NUMB] ( WORK]S TO ORGANIZE A LOCAL UNION 9 ANY 9DU/RY4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,Y\ HAVE HE>D ! READ+ ( ,SECTION #b ( ,>TICLE #a4 ,:AT IS ! PLEASURE ( ! CONV5TION8 

,D,E,L4 ,D,+,]3 ,MR4 ,*AIRMAN1 ,I MOVE ?AT WE CONCUR 9 ! RECOMM5DATION ( ! ,COMMITTEE ON ,CON/ITUTION ON ?AT ,SECTION4 7,SECOND$47 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,IT HAS BE5 REGUL>LY MOV$ & SECOND$ ?AT WE CONCUR 9 ! RECOMM5DATION ( ! COMMITTEE4 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,MR4 ,*AIRMAN1 ,I WANT TO (F] AN AM5DM5T4 ,! AM5DM5T IS ?AT ! SECOND P>AGRAPH ( ,>TICLE #a %ALL READ 0,?IS ORGANIZATION %ALL BE COMPOS$ ( NATIONAL & 9T]NATIONAL UNIONS EMBRAC+ ALL WORK]S ( AN 9DU/RY10 9/EAD ( ?IRTE5 DIVISION AS MADE UP4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,HAVE Y\ GOT ! AM5DM5T WRITT58 ,IF SO1 PLEASE H& IT UP4 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,YES1 SIR4 7,H&+ WRITT5 AM5DM5T TO ! ,*AIRMAN47 

,! AM5DM5T WAS SECOND$ BY A NUMB] ( DELEGATES4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,AN AM5DM5T HAS BE5 (F]$ TO ,SECTION #b ( ,>TICLE #a4 ,!RE >E LOTS ( SECONDS4 ,! AM5DM5T IS ?AT ,SECTION #b1 ,>TICLE #a BE AM5D$ TO READ 0,%ALL BE COMPOS$ ( NATIONAL & 9T]NATIONAL UNIONS EMBRAC+ ALL WORK]S ( AN 9DU/RY40 ,Y\ HAVE HE>D ! AM5DM5T4 ,>E Y\ READY = ! QUE/ION8 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,MR4 ,*AIRMAN1 ,I (F] ?AT AM5DM5T = ! REASON ?AT ,I ?9K WE >E MAK+ A V]Y S]I\S MI/AKE 9DE$ 9 TRY+ TO DIVIDE ! WORK]S ( ! WORLD 9TO ?IRTE5 9DU/RIES1 OR RA!R ?IRTE5 9DU/RIAL DIVISIONS4 ,:ILE ,I AGREE ?AT AN 9JURY TO ONE WORK] IS ! 9JURY ( ALL1 NEV]!LESS MY EXP]I5CE 9 TRADES UNIONS HAS %[N ME ?AT A PECULI> ?+ ?AT DIRECTLY AFFECTS ONE 9DU/RIAL BRAN* DOES NOT DIRECTLY AFFECT ! WORK]S 9 ANO!R 9DU/RY2 ! P>TICUL> FEATURE ( !IR COMPLA9T1 ! P>TICUL> DEM& ?AT !Y MAKE = !IR WORK+ CONDITIONS4 ,& ,I BELIEVE ?AT AN 9T]NATIONAL ORGANIZATION \<T TO BE MADE UP ( SOLELY ?OSE--OR ONE ( ! DEP>TM5TS RA!R ( ?IS ORGANIZATION \<T TO BE MADE UP SOLELY ( ?OSE PEOPLE 9 A S+LE 9DU/RY4 ,N[1 TELL ME1 IF Y\ PLEASE1 :AT CONNECTION ! HOTELS1 ! PUBLIC P>KS1 ! !AT]S1 ! MUSICIANS1 ! RE/AURANT EMPLOYES1 & ! LAUNDRY EMPLOYES HAVE ) ! PR9T+ OR ! PUBLI%+ 9DU/RY1 IF Y\ PLEASE8 ,& ,I WANT TO CALL Y\R ATT5TION TO ! FACT ?AT ! FUNDAM5TAL PR9CIPLE UND]LY+ ?IS ORGANIZATION SAYS ?AT :5 ONE P>T ( ?IS 9DU/RY /RIKES1 ! 5TIRE 9DU/RY /RIKES2 & JU/ AS SOON AS WE BEG9 TO TAKE \T ! PR9T]S = A REM$Y ( ! CONDITIONS 9 ! L9E ( PUBLICATION 9 :ATEV] FIELD IT MAY BE 9 ?AT BRAN* ( 9DU/RY1 WE >E PRACTICALLY =C$1 BY BR++ !SE O!R PEOPLE 9TO !IR SECTION1 OR RA!R1 9TO !IR 9T]NATIONAL UNION1 TO TAKE \T ! RE/AURANT EMPLOYES1 ! LAUNDRY EMPLOYES1 ! MUSICIANS & ! V>I\S O!R T5 OR TWELVE OR FIFTE5 SEP>ATE 9DU/RIES GR\P$ UND] ?IS ?IRTE5? HEAD4 ,I ?9K WE >E GO+ PURELY CRAZY AS F> AS ! PRACTICAL FEATURE ( L9+ !SE PEOPLE 9TO AN ORGANIZATION IS CONC]N$4 ,I WON'T ATTEMPT AT ?IS TIME1 NOR DO ,I DESIRE TO ATTEMPT TO PUT 9TO ! CON/ITUTION ! LIMITS ( ANY 9DU/RY4 ,?AT HAS BE5 A MOOT$ QUE/ION 9 ! ORGANIZ$ LABOR WORLD = A NUMB] ( YE>S4 ,:Y1 WE HAVE A DIVISION ( ALL K9DS ( CRAFTS 9 AN ID5TICAL TRADE1 M5 :O WORK PRACTICALLY ON ! SAME MAT]IAL1 9 ! SAME %OP1 & YET !Y >E CONT5D+ = A DIVISION4 ,I WANT TO ?R[ EV]YBODY 9 ?AT 9DU/RY 9TO ONE ORGANIZATION & MAKE IT AN 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATION2 NOT M]ELY TO FIX A SET PR9CIPLE = ?IS ORGANIZATION AT ?IS TIME1 GR\P+ T51 TWELVE OR FIFTY DIFF]5T & SEP>ATE 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATIONS UND] ONE HEAD & ONE 9T]NATIONAL ORGANIZATION4 ,I ?9K IF WE >E TO ACCOMPLI% ANY?+ AT ALL 9 ! WAY ( WORK+ UP ?IS ORGANIZATION TO A PRACTICAL ORGANIZATION1 TO AN ORGANIZATION ( USEFULNESS TO ! WORK]S ( ?IS C\NTRY1 OR ( ! WORLD1 IF Y\ PLEASE1 WE MU/ BEG9 ON A PRACTICAL BASIS1 SIMPLY ATTEMPT+ AT ?IS TIME TO :EEL 9TO L9E ! M5 & WOM5 :O WORK %\LD] TO %\LD] EV]Y DAY 9 ! YE> AS WAGE WORK]S4 

,D,E,L4 ,T4 ,J4 ,H,A,G,],T,Y3 ,AS ,I UND]/&1 ! ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION ( ! WORK+ CLASS IS DEVIS$ TO MEET ! ORGANIZATION ( ! CAPITALI/ CLASS4 ,IT MU/ CORRESPOND1 ORGAN = ORGAN1 TISSUE = TISSUE1 TO ! /RUCTURE ( CAPITALI/ 9DU/RIES1 RA!R ?AN TO ! CRAFT DIVISIONS ?AT EXI/ AT PRES5T AMONG ! WORK]S4 ,?OSE :O HAVE READ ,*>LES ,$W>D ,RUSSELL'S >TICLES 9 ,EV]YBODY'S ,MAGAZ9E ON 0,! ,GREATE/ ,TRU/ 9 ! ,WORLD10 KN[ ?AT ! BEEF TRU/ TO-DAY IS NO LONG] A BEEF TRU/1 IT IS A FOOD TRU/1 AN 9T]NATIONAL COMMISS>Y DEP>TM5T4 ,?AT FACT IS RECOGNIZ$ BY \R FELL[-WORK]S 9 ,SWITZ]L&1 :O HAVE PRACTICALLY ! SAME >RANGEM5T ?AT WE HAVE H]E 9 !IR CUL9>Y 9DU/RIAL UNION ( ,SWITZ]L&1 9 :I* !Y TAKE 9 TOBACCO WORK]S1 BAK]Y WORK]S1 BREW]Y1 W9E & DI/ILL]Y WORK]S1 & ALL COOK+ TRADES1 AS ONE 9DU/RY4 ,TO-DAY WE HAVE 9 ?IS C\NTRY NO LONG] A FEW CORPORATIONS [N+ A FEW RAILROADS2 TO-DAY WE HAVE A DEP>TM5T ( TRANSPORTATION1 ) ITS [N 9T]NATIONAL /EAM%IP L9ES1 [N+ & BUY+ UP ELECTRICAL 9T]URBAN L9ES--A DI/9CT DEP>TM5T ( TRANSPORTATION4 ,IT IS DECL>$ TO BE ! ULTIMATE AIM ( ?IS ORGANIZATION TO TRA9 ! WORK]S TO TAKE OV]--TO TAKE & HOLD ?AT :I* !Y PRODUCE BY !IR LABOR2 TO ADM9I/] ! ?+S ?AT !Y TAKE2 TO ADM9I/] !M ACCORD+ TO ! BE/ DEVELOP$ SY/EM4 ,! SY/EM ( 9DU/RY TO-DAY IS NO LONG] A SY/EM ( OLD 9T]NATIONAL CRAFTS OR TRADES4 ,EV5 ! SY/EM ( GOV]NM5T IS NOT SU* TO-DAY4 ,WE HAVE M5 REPRES5T+ 9 ! GOV]NM5T1 NOT ELECTORAL CON/ITU5CIES1 BUT 9DU/RIES4 ,WE HAVE ,S5ATOR ,ALDRI*1 G5]AL MANAG] ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 REPRES5T+ ! TRANSPORTATION DEP>TM5T ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM ( SOCIETY4 7,APPLAUSE74 ,N[1 WE PROPOSE TO ORGANIZE ! WORK]S TO MEET ! /RUCTURE ( ! CAPITALI/ CLASS4 ,! EMPLOYEE 9 ,ODESSA1 AS WE READ 9 ! PAP]S ( ?IS WEEK1 IS BE+ EXPLOIT$ BY EXACTLY ! SAME EMPLOY] AS ! EMPLOYEE ( ! ,MC,CORMICK ,H>VE/] ,COMPANY & ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,H>VE/] ,COMPANY H]E 9 ,*ICAGO1 BECAUSE WE READ ?AT ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,H>VE/] ,COMPANY'S PLANT IS 9VOLV$ 9 ! TR\BLES 9 ,ODESSA4 ,! WORK]S >E BEG9N+ TO HAVE ONE MA/] ! WORLD OV]4 ,!RE IS ONE CAPITALI/ CLASS ! WORLD OV]4 ,WE MAY TALK AB\T MEET+ A P>TICUL> CAPITALI/ CLASS 9 ?IS C\NTRY1 BUT IT IS NOT TRUE4 ,WE >E MEET+ ! ONE WORLD CAPITALI/ CLASS1 & WE MU/ NOT BE AFRAID TO MEET ?AT CLASS ON !IR [N GR\ND & ACCORD+ TO !IR [N =MS4 ,WE MU/ NO LONG] FI<T ) ! LITTLE POPGUNS ( CRAFT UNIONS 9 A SMALL 9T]NATIONAL UNION AGA9/ ! MOD]N %RAPNEL ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM1 BUT WE MU/ BE PREP>$ TO MEET !IR CONDITIONS & GO !M ONE BETT]4 ,WE MU/ BE PREP>$ TO MEET !IR CLASS ACCORD+ TO ! ECONOMIC GR\P+S DEM&$ 9 ! ,MANIFE/O ?AT CALL$ ?IS CONV5TION1 & NOT ?R\< ! N>R[ EMPHASIZ+ ( ! OLD CRAFT SPIRIT ?AT DIVID$ & SPLIT UP ! WORK]S & ALL[$ !M TO BE SCATT]$ BY ! CAPITALI/ CLASS 9 A DIVID$ & DISORGANIZ$ CRAFT UNIONISM4 7,APPLAUSE47 

,D,E,L4 ,C4 ,O4 ,%,],M,A,N3 ,MR4 ,*AIRMAN & FELL[ DELEGATES1 ,DELEGATE ,COATES SEEMS TO BE WOND]FULLY FE>FUL ?AT ! WORK]S ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES WILL BECOME ACQUA9T$ ) ?OSE :O UND] CIRCUM/ANCES ?AT !Y W]E NOT RESPONSIBLE =1 HAPP5 TO BE GOV]N$ UND] SOME O!R NATION4 ,! FIR/ PO9T HE MADE 9 HIS >GUM5T WAS ?AT HE BELIEV$ WE W]E GO+ TOO F> :5 WE CALL$ \RSELVES ! WORK]S ( ! WORLD4 

,D,E,L4 ,P,[,],S3 ,I RISE TO A PO9T ( ORD]4 ,WE HAVE GOT ?R\< ) ! DISCUSSION ( ?AT MATT]1 & IT DOESN'T MATT] :AT ?IS G5TLEMAN HAS SAID AB\T A SEP>ATE QUE/ION4 

,D,E,L4 ,%,],M,A,N3 ,! SECOND >GUM5T HE MAKES HE ALSO BR+S 9 ?AT SAME PO9T :5 HE (F]S AN AM5DM5T ?AT WE %ALL HAVE NATIONAL & 9T]NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS4 ,:O IS TO BE ! JUDGE ( ?AT CLASS ( WORK]S 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ?AT %\LD NOT BE 9T]NATIONAL ) ! WORLD8 ,:AT CLASS %ALL BE GIV5 ! ESPECIAL PRIVILEGE 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ?AT !Y %ALL BE CLASS$ UND] 09T]NATIONAL ORGANIZATION80 ,I AM NOT UNM9DFUL ( ! FACT ?AT ! *>T AS SET =? H]E IS QUITE CONTR>Y TO ! OLD-FA%ION$ & ROTT5 SY/EM UND] :I* ! TRADES UNIONI/S HAVE GONE ALONG SO MANY YE>S4 ,I AM NOT UNM9DFUL ( ! FACT ?AT WE >E GO+ TO MEET OPPOSITION ?AT WILL SUPPORT ! BRO!R :O HAS (F]$ ! AM5DM5T4 ,BUT ?OSE :O W]E 9/RUM5TAL 9 DRAW+ UP ?IS ,MANIFE/O :I* HAS RESULT$ 9 ?IS MAGNIFIC5T REPRES5TATION ( ! PRODUC]S ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 TOOK 9TO CONSID]ATION ?IS3 ?AT ?IS ORGANIZATION MU/ TAKE ! 9ITIAL /EP =W>D1 IF WE W]E GO+ TO BREAK D[N ! OLD SY/EM ( CRAFT ORGANIZATION4 7,APPLAUSE74 ,& IT IS ON ! ,MANIFE/O ?AT ?IS COMMITTEE HAS DRAWN UP ?IS CON/ITUTION4 ,WE HAVE /OOD BY ! L9ES ( ?AT ,MANIFE/O4 ,IF ,I UND]/& ! PROPOSITION RI<T1 ,MR4 ,*AIRMAN & DELEGATES1 ?AT IS :AT WE >E H]E =--TO =M AN ORGANIZATION AS \TL9$ BY ?AT ,MANIFE/O4 7,APPLAUSE74 ,& ! FIR/ DELEGATE ?AT RAISES UP ANY OBJECTION TO ANY P>T ( ?AT ,MANIFE/O1 ,I WILL ALL ! TIME OBJECT TO HIS POSITION4 ,WE >E CALL$ H]E ) ! EXPECTATION1 ACCORD+ TO ?AT ,MANIFE/O1 TO =M AN ORGANIZATION ?AT W\LD REPRES5T ! PRODUC+ CLASS ( ! WORLD4 7,APPLAUSE74 ,I WANT TO SAY TO MY BRO!R DELEGATE :O HAS (F]$ ?IS RESOLUTION ?AT HE NE$ NOT BE AFRAID WE WILL (F5D ANYBODY4 ,IF !RE IS ONE ,FR5*MAN 9 ,FRANCE1 ONE ,5GLI%MAN 9 ,5GL&1 ONE ,G]MAN 9 ,G]MANY1 OR ONE MAN 9 ANY O!R C\NTRY ?AT DESIRES TO TAKE \T A MEMB]%IP 9 \R ORGANIZATION1 IF ,I HAD ANY?+ TO DO ) IT ,I %\LD ALWAYS /& UP & SAY ?AT WE MU/ PROTECT ?AT 9DIVIDUAL TO ! FULL ABILITY ( \R ORGANIZATION4 7,APPLAUSE74 ,IT IS ?AT WAY1 & ?AT WAY ONLY1 BRO!RS & SI/]S1 ?AT WE >E GO+ TO BREAK D[N ?IS ROTT5 SY/EM CALL$ TRADE AUTONOMY1 :I* HAS BE5 SO DETRIM5TAL EV] S9CE IT HAS BE5 9TRODUC$4 ,HE SAYS1 0,:AT DIFF]5CE DOES IT MAKE IF ! PR9T]S /RIKE80 ,TO ME IT MAKES A DIFF]5CE IF ANYBODY /RIKES2 IT IS MY GRIEVANCE 7APPLAUSE71 & ,I WANT TO BE 9 AN ORGANIZATION ?AT CAN BE ( USE TO PROTECT ?AT WORK]1 NO MATT] :E!R HE BE A PR9T] OR A C&Y MAK]4 7,APPLAUSE47 ,Y\R ,COMMITTEE ON ,CON/ITUTION FELT AT ?IS TIME ?AT ?IRTE5 GR\PS WAS AS SMALL AS WE C\LD R$UCE !M AT ?IS TIME4 ,BUT = MYSELF1 ,I DO EXPECT1 IF ,I LIVE TO BE T5 YE>S OLD]1 ?AT IT WILL BE R$UC$ TO ?REE GR\PS 9/EAD ( ?IRTE54 ,I BELIEVE ?AT ?IS IS GO+ TO BR+ =? AN $UCATION ?AT WILL BR+ TO ! WORK]S A REALIZATION ?AT ! 9JURY ( ONE IS ! 9JURY ( ALL 7APPLAUSE71 & ?AT !RE IS NO DI/9CTION BETWE5 ! WORK]S4 ,! PRODUC+ CLASS1 :E!R !Y WORK 9 METAL1 WOOD1 PAP] OR ANY O!R WAY1 AS LONG AS !Y SELL !IR LABOR 9 ! OP5 M>KET 9 A COMPETITIVE SY/EM1 !IR 9T]E/S >E ID5TICAL1 & !RE IS NO COMMON GR\ND BETWE5 ! PRODUC] & ! EXPLOIT]4 7,APPLAUSE71 ,I HOLD ?AT IF ?IS ORGANIZATION N[ 9 ITS BIR? %\LD GO \T AFT] ISSU+ ?IS ,MANIFE/O1 & RECOGNIZE A NATIONAL ORGANIZATION1 ?AT ?AT W\LD DE/ROY ! :OLE =CE ( ! ,MANIFE/O CALL+ = ?IS GA!R+4 ,I = ONE AS A MEMB] ( ?AT ,CON/ITUTION ,COMMITTEE WILL /& FIR/1 LA/ & ALL ! TIME = EV]Y?+ ?AT HAS BE5 READ BE=E ?IS AUDI5CE ?IS AFT]NOON 9 ?AT CON/ITUTION4 ,I ?ANK Y\4 7,APPLAUSE47 

,D,E,L4 ,H4 ,S4 ,D,A,V,I,S3 ,I WI% TO ADDRESS ! CONV5TION4 ,TO ! LOCAL 9 :I* ,I HOLD A MEMB]%IP 9 ! ,AM]ICAN ,LABOR ,UNION1 ?AT *>T AS N[ ORGANIZ$ MEANS ! DE/RUCTION ( ?AT LOCAL4 ,I WI% TO KN[ 9 :AT P>TICUL> POSITION ?AT LOCAL WILL BE PLAC$4 ,I REF] TO ! ,BUTTE ,WORK+ ,M5'S ,LOCAL ,UNION ,NO4 #e1 ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,LABOR ,UNION1 COMPOS$ PR9CIPALLY ( DIT* DIGG]S1 ETC41 ) A JURISDICTION EXT5D+ OV] ALL UNORGANIZ$ CRAFTS & CALL+S !RE1 TILL ANO!R ORGANIZATION ( ?AT K9D ) JURISDICTION BEG9S2 ALL OV] ,SILV] ,B[ C\NTY & CLE> 9TO ! O!R C\NTIES UNTIL ! JURISDICTION L9ES ( SOME O!R ORGANIZATION ( ?AT K9D BEG9S2 PR9CIPALLY 9 ,SILV] ,B[ C\NTY4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,DO Y\ ASK = 9=MATION8 

,D,E,L4 ,D,A,V,I,S3 ,YES1 :]E DO WE GET (F AS A LOCAL8 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,IT IS ! OP9ION ( ! *AIR ?AT Y\ W\LD BE 9 ,DIVISION #a#c1 ,HI<WAYS & MUNICIPAL WORK4 

,D,E,L4 ,D,A,V,I,S3 ,ALL RI<T2 ?AT IS A QUE/ION ?AT WILL BE PUT TO ME AS SOON AS ,I >RIVE HOME4 

,D,E,L4 ,D,U,N,C,A,N ,M,C,E,A,*,R,53 ,I DESIRE TO F9D \T :]E9 ?IS GR\P+ ?AT IS 9 ! *>T AS \TL9$ BY ,COMRADE ,HAG]TY CONFLICTS ) 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATION4 ,I CANNOT SEE1 AS F> AS ,I AM ABLE TO SEE1 :]E9 ,DELEGATE ,COATES F9DS ANY CONFLICT4 ,HE SEEM$ TO >GUE ALONG ! SAME L9ES & COME TO ! SAME CONCLUSION1 ) ! EXCEPTION ( SOME DIFF]5CE AS TO NATIONAL & 9T]NATIONAL UNIONS4 ,I CANNOT SEE :]E !Y CONFLICT4 ,!IR >GUM5TS >E ALIKE4 ,!Y S\ND SIMIL> TO ME1 & ,I BELIEVE !Y >E ALIKE4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,WE WILL HE> ! EXPLANATION ( ! SECRET>Y4 

,D,E,L4 ,T4 ,J4 ,H,A,G,],T,Y1 ( ! COMMITTEE3 ,! SECTION H]E CALLS = ?IRTE5 DIVISIONS1 ?IRTE5 DEP>TM5TS OR GR\PS 9 :I* ! WORK]S %ALL BE 9T]NATIONALLY ORGANIZ$4 ,AS ,I UND]/& ,DELEGATE ,COATES'S AM5DM5T1 IT DOES AWAY 5TIRELY ) !SE ?IRTE5 GR\PS & MEANS ANY NUMB] ( NATIONAL & 9T]NATIONAL 9DU/RIES4 ,IT MI<T MEAN #f2 IT MI<T MEAN #e = ALL ,I KN[2 IT MI<T MEAN #a14 ,WE MI<T CALL ! BUS9ESS ( MAK+ TOO?PICKS A SEP>ATE COMPLETE 9DU/RY1 SO ?AT !RE W\LD BE A DEP>TM5T ( TOO?PICK MAK]S1 9CLUD+ ALL ! FELL[S 9 ! BUS9ESS ( TOO?PICK MAK+1 & SO ON 9T]M9ABLY4 ,?IS MEANS A LOGICAL >RANGEM5T1 SO F> AS WE CAN SEE TO-DAY2 A LOGICAL GR\P+ ( ! WORK]S 9 ?IRTE5 ECONOMIC GR\PS OR DEP>TM5TS1 BR++ TOGE!R MORE CLOSELY ! WORK]S ON ! BASIS ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE1 & ! ELIM9AT+ & BLOTT+ \T AS F> AS POSSIBLE ( ALL CRAFT L9ES1 CRAFT JEAL\SIES & TRADE >I/OCRACIES4 

,D,E,L4 ,G,I,L,B,],T3 ,COMRADES1 ,DELEGATE ,COATES ASK$ A QUE/ION ?AT HAS NOT BE5 ANSW]$4 ,?AT IS MY ONLY REASON = RIS+ 9 ORD] TO SAY SOME?+ TO ?IS EFFECT3 ,HE M5TION$ A NUMB] ( TRADES OR CALL+S TO BE GR\P$ UND] ! ONE HEAD1 & ( C\RSE !Y APPE>$ V]Y DIV]G5T & DISCONNECT$1 & HE SAID1 0,:AT HAS ! PR9T+ TRADE GOT TO DO ) ?OSE80 ,= FE> ?AT HE OR SOME MEMB] MI<T ?9K ?AT WE >E C>RI$ AWAY BY S5TIM5T1 ,I AM GO+ TO ANSW] HIS QUE/ION4 ,IF HE WILL REV]T TO ! WORD+ ( ! ORIG9AL DOCUM5T HE WILL SEE ?AT IT SAYS ?AT !Y 0WILL /RIKE 9 A GIV5 9DU/RY :5 NECESS>Y40 ,DON'T =GET ?AT 0:5 NECESS>Y40 ,EA* P>TICUL> CALL+ WILL MAKE ITS [N ESPECIAL RULES1 AS F> AS ?OSE K9DS ( DEAL+S ) ! CAPITALI/S >E CONC]N$1 !Y APPLY ONLY TO !M4 ,BUT IT IS SAID1 0,I CANNOT SEE ANY RI<TFUL CONNECTION BETWE5 LAUNDRY WORK]S & PR9T]S40 ,SUPPOS+ ! LAUNDRY WORK]S >E HAV+ SOME K9D ( TR\BLE1 :Y %\LD ! PR9T]S PR9T LIES AB\T ! /RIKE1 UND] ! PRETEXT ?AT IT WAS NOT !IR FI<T8 ,IF ! PR9T]S >E CALL$ UPON TO PR9T LIES CONC]N+ !M1 !N IT TAKES UP ! CAUSE ( ! LAUNDRY WORK]S RI<T !N & !RE1 & ?IS IS ONE ( ! TIMES :5 IT IS MADE NECESS>Y = ! :OLE GR\P TO BATTLE TOGE!R 9 COMMON4 

,D,E,L4 ,J4 ,C4 ,S,U,L,L,I,V,A,N3 ,I MAKE NO CONT5TION AT ?IS TIME ?AT ! IMAG9>Y L9ES DRAWN BETWE5 ! 9DU/RIES BY ?IS COMMITTEE >E ABSOLUTELY CORRECT1 BUT !Y >E1 9 ! JUDGM5T ( ! COMMITTEE ?AT ?IS CONV5TION SAW FIT TO TURN ! MATT] OV] TO1 AS JU/ & EQUITABLE AS !Y C\LD >RANGE AT ?IS TIME4 ,IF Y\ WILL NOTICE 9 ! CON/ITUTION FUR!R ON1 !RE >E C]TA9 P[]S GIV5 TO ! ,EXECUTIVE ,BO>D TO CLASSIFY ORGANIZATIONS4 ,IF IT %\LD BE F\ND ?AT SOME UNIONS >E CLASS$ ) OR ID5TIFI$ OR ATTA*$ TO A DIVISION1 & IT W\LD BE TO !IR 9T]E/ TO BE ATTA*$ TO ANO!R DIVISION1 REASON W\LD NATURALLY CAUSE US TO BELIEVE ?AT ! *ANGE W\LD BE SO MADE1 BUT 9 ORD] TO MAKE A />T ! FIR/ /EP MU/ BE MADE4 ,?IS1 AS ,I UND]/&1 IS TO BE AN ORGANIZATION ORGANIZ$ ON ! 9DU/RIAL PLAN1 :]E9 ALL ! 9DU/RIES REVOLVE >\ND ONE C5T]--?AT IS1 ! MANAGEM5T ( ! ORGANIZATION--:]E ! WORK]S 9 ANY ONE 9DU/RIAL C5T] LOOK TO IT = ADVICE1 ASSI/ANCE & SUPPORT 9 MAK+ !IR CONT5TIONS 9 ITS 9DU/RIAL BATTLE = EXI/5CE4 ,N[1 IT MAY BE POSSIBLE TO *ANGE SOME ( ?OSE L9ES SO AS TO BE FAIR] ?AN :AT IS REPRES5T$ BY ?AT *>T AT ! PRES5T TIME4 ,IT MI<T BE BETT]1 TO ! M9DS ( SOME1 TO MAKE FEW] DIVISIONS OR A GREAT] NUMB] ( DIVISIONS4 ,BUT1 AS ,I /AT$ A MOM5T AGO1 TO ! M9DS ( ! COMMITTEE TO :OM ?IS CONV5TION DELEGAT$ ! P[] ( PREP>+ A CON/ITUTION = Y\R CONSID]ATION1 ?AT IS ! RESULT ( !IR EF=TS4 ,IF IT IS WRONG1 IF IT IS UNFAIR1 ,I BELIEVE ?AT ,I CAN SAFELY SAY ?AT IT IS ! FAULT ( ! HEADS ( ?OSE 9DIVIDUALS & NOT ( ! HE>TS4 ,IT IS 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! BE/ JUDGM5T & ! ABILITY ( :I* !Y >E POSSESS$4 ,IF IT IS NOT = ! BE/ 9T]E/S ( ! ORGANIZATION IT IS Y\R FAULT 9 NOT PLAC+ PEOPLE ON ! COMMITTEE :O HAD MORE ABILITY4 7,APPLAUSE47 

,D,E,L4 ,F,A,I,R,G,R,I,E,V,E3 ,I AM ONE ( ?AT COMMITTEE :O W\LD NOT VOTE = ! REPORT ( ! COMMITTEE4 ,BRO!R ,MOY] M5TION$ ONE MAN :O DISS5T$2 ,I AM ! DISS5T]1 = SEV]AL REASONS4 ,9 ! ,/ATE ?AT ,I COME FROM1 ,MONTANA1 ! QUE/ION ( UNIT+ ! WORK]S 9TO ONE ORGANIZATION HAS BE5 SOME?+ ?AT HAS BE5 AGITAT$ BY ! PEOPLE !RE 9 !IR LOCAL UNIONS1 9 !IR ,/ATE & C5TRAL ORGANIZATIONS1 = YE>S4 ,I BELIEVE !RE W5T FROM ,MONTANA 9TO ! FIR/ CONV5TION 9 ,D5V] CALL+ = A RESOLUTION ( ?IS K9D1 FROM ,BRO!R ,SULLIVAN ( ,BUTTE4 ,!Y HAD TRI$ TO DEVISE AN ORGANIZATION ?AT W\LD BE MO/ EFFECTIVE4  ,AFT] !Y GOT ?IS ,MANIFE/O !Y LOOK$ OV] & READ ! ,MANIFE/O ?OR\<LY1 BUT !Y ?\<T ?AT :5 WE CAME H]E ! M5 :O HAD ISSU$ ?IS ,MANIFE/O W\LD HAVE A CON/ITUTION DRAWN UP ?AT !Y ?\<T ! WORK]S %\LD WORK UND]4 ,N[1 !N1 ,I WAS PUT ON ! SPECIAL COMMITTEE TO DRAFT A P>T ( ! CON/ITUTION4 ,WE BR\<T 9 A REPORT ON ! L9ES ( ?IS RESOLUTION ?AT ,I SUBMITT$ TO ! FIR/ COMMITTEE1 ON ,/ATE L9ES1 TO ORGANIZE ! WORK]S 9 ,/ATE ORGANIZATIONS1 BUT TO UNITE !M BY A NATIONAL CONGRESS ( LABOR ?AT W\LD HAVE A CONTROL OV] ! 5TIRE ORGANIZATION ( ANY & ALL K9DS1 = ! PURPOSE ( ELIM9AT+ ANY JURISDICTIONAL FI<T ?AT MI<T COME UP BETWE5 DIFF]5T CRAFTS & DIFF]5T 9DU/RIES1 GR\P$ ALL TOGE!R4 ,! 9TELLECTUALS ( ?AT COMMITTEE OPPOS$ IT ON ! GR\ND ?AT IT W\LD PLACE TOO MU* P[] 9 ! H&S ( ! ,/ATE1 )9 ,/ATE L9ES1 ?AT !Y MI<T USE IT = POLITICAL PRE/IGE4  ,N[1 IT SEEMS ?AT !Y W]E AFRAID ( !IR HORSES1 S9CE IF Y\ LEAVE ! P[] 9 ! H&S ( ! COLLECTIVE MEMB]%IP 9 ! ,/ATE OR 9 ! ORGANIZATION1 & HAVE ! IMP]ATIVE M&ATE CONTROLL+ Y\R REPRES5TATIVES1 ! LEAD]S WILL NEV] D>E TO USE !IR P[] = ! ADVANCEM5T ( ANY POLITICAL P>TY1 :ATSOEV]4 ,WE W]E TOLD BY ! COMMITTEE ?AT ! *>T DID NOT MEAN ANY?+1 ?AT ! ,MANIFE/O WAS ! WORK ( ONE S+LE 9DIVIDUAL4 ,N[1 WE DID NOT CONF9E \RSELVES TO ?AT *>T1 BUT WE BR\<T 9 A REPORT = AN ORGANIZATION ALONG C]TA9 L9ES4 ,! COMMITTEE ?REW IT 9 ! WA/E BASKET BECAUSE ! CONV5TION HAS COMMITT$ ITSELF TO A C]TA9 POLICY & Y\ CANNOT 9JECT ?IS P>T OR ANY P>T 9TO IT4 ,I WANT TO SAY ?IS1 ?AT ,I CA/ MY VOTE ON ! FIR/ P>T1 ! NAME ( ?IS ORGANIZATION-- 

,D,E,L4 ,M,O,Y,]3 ,I RISE TO A PO9T ( ORD]4 ,I TAKE ! POSITION ?AT ! BRO!R IS NOT CONF9+ HIMSELF TO ! MATT] BE=E ! CONV5TION1 & ,I ASK ! *AIR TO RULE ON IT4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,! PO9T ( ORD] IS WELL TAK51 ,BRO!R ,FAIRGRIEVE4 

,D,E,L4 ,F,A,I,R,G,R,I,E,V,E3 ,I REALIZE ?IS1 ?AT ?IS IS AB\T ! ONLY PLACE ?AT ,I CAN BE HE>D ON ?IS QUE/ION1 & ,I TAKE ! OPPORTUNITY = ! VIEW ( ! UNIONS ( ,MONTANA TO GET BE=E ! CONV5TION ON ?IS QUE/ION4 

,D,E,L4 ,C,L,>,5,C,E ,S,M,I,?3 ,I HAVE SECOND$ ! AM5DM5T ( ,BRO!R ,COATES4 ,IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT EV]Y GREAT NATIONAL MOVEM5T HAS C]TA9 C5TRAL UND]LY+ PR9CIPLES ?AT MAKE ?AT MOVEM5T NECESS>Y4 ,! MAT]IAL FACTS1 ! UND]LY+ PR9CIPLES ?AT CALL$ ! 9DU/RIAL UNION CONF]5CE TOGE!R 9 ,JANU>Y1 W]E 9 MY JUDGM5T ! ALMO/ UNIV]SAL DEM& ON ! P>T ( ORGANIZ$ LABOR 9 ,AM]ICA & A GREAT P>T ( ! UNORGANIZ$ WORK+ PEOPLE ( ?IS C\NTRY = 9DU/RIAL UNIONISM4 ,IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT ! ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES & ( ! WORLD AT ?IS TIME EMPHASIZES ! NECESSITY = 9DU/RIAL UNIONISM4 ,IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT ! WORK+ CLASS WANT 9DU/RIAL UNIONISM4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 IT DOES NOT SEEM TO ME ?AT ! MAT]IAL FACTS1 ! UND]LY+ PR9CIPLES ( ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T 9DICATE A DESIRE ON ! P>T ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE ( ?IS C\NTRY OR ANY O!R TO DIVIDE ! WORK+ PEOPLE 9TO C]TA9 >BITR>Y GR\PS NAM$ DIVISIONS OR BY ANY O!R NAME ?AT MAY BE GIV5 !M4 ,& ,I DISPUTE ! FACT1 ,MR4 ,PRESID5T1 ?AT ! ,MANIFE/O ADOPT$ BY ! CONF]5CE 9 ,JANU>Y PROVID$ = ! >BITR>Y GR\P+ ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE 9TO ?IRTE5 FIX$ DIVISIONS \TL9$ ON ! *>T N[ FAC+ ?IS CONV5TION4 ,I MA9TA9 ?AT ! CONF]5CE 9 ,JANU>Y DECL>$ /RAI<T=W>DLY & 9 UNMI/AKABLE T]MS = 9DU/RIAL UNIONISM AS PROVID$ = 9 ! AM5DM5T N[ P5D+ BE=E ?IS CONV5TION4 ,I MA9TA9 ?AT ! CONF]5CE 9 ,JANU>Y PROTE/$ /RONGLY AGA9/ CRAFT UNIONISM2 NOT = ! REASON ?AT IT 9T5D$ TO DECL>E = C]TA9 >BITR>Y FIX$ GR\PS1 BUT = ! REASON ?AT IT 9T5D$ TO DECL>E & DID DECL>E = 9DU/RIAL UNIONISM4 ,! AM5DM5T (F]$ BY ,DELEGATE ,COATES1 9 MY JUDGM5T1 DOES NOT PROVIDE = CRAFT UNIONISM 9 ANY S5SE ( ! WORD1 & IT SEEMS TO ME RIDICUL\S = A DELEGATE TO GET ON ! FLOOR ( ?IS CONV5TION & SAY ?AT HE CANNOT UND]/& H[ MANY GR\PS !RE W\LD BE 9 AN 9DU/RIAL UNION ORGANIZATION ) ! LIMIT$ 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATION ( ?IS C\NTRY4 ,IT SEEMS TO ME RIDICUL\S = HIM TO M5TION ! POSSIBILITY ( !RE BE+ #a OR #e SU* GR\PS4 ,REG>DLESS ( H[ ! DELEGATE MAY FEEL ON ?IS QUE/ION1 ,I FEEL C]TA9 ?AT ! GREAT MASS ( ! ,AM]ICAN WORK+ PEOPLE RECOGNIZE :AT 9DU/RIALISM MEANS1 & !Y RECOGNIZE ?AT IT MEANS ! COMB9+ TOGE!R 9 ONE 9T]NATIONAL 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATION ( ! WORLD ! CRAFTS OR TRADES EMBRAC$ 9 ONE P>TICUL> 9DU/RY4 ,& 9DU/RIAL UNIONISM IS FUR!R EMPHASIZ$ BY ! 9DU/RIAL UNION CONF]5CE 9 ,JANU>Y2 IT MEANS ! B&+ TOGE!R ( ALL SU* 9T]NATIONAL 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATIONS 9 ONE G5]AL UNION ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT IF WE CAN CONF9E ?IS ORGANIZATION TO ! ?IRTE5 >BITR>Y GR\PS OR DIVISIONS AS SET =? BY ! ,CON/ITUTION ,COMMITTEE1 ?AT WE >E GO+ TO PUT BE=E ! WORK+ PEOPLE ( ?IS C\NTRY A PROPOSITION ?AT !Y DO NOT WANT & DO NOT KN[ ANY?+ AB\T1 & IT WILL BE ABSOLUTELY UNWORKABLE :5 IT GOES BE=E !M4 ,I DO NOT ?9K1 ,MR4 ,*AIRMAN1 ?AT A CLE> DECL>ATION = 9DU/RIAL UNIONISM W\LD RESULT 9 ANY APPRECIABLY GREAT] NUMB] ( DEP>TM5TS ?AN ?IRTE5 AS /AT$ 9 ! *>T N[ BE=E ?IS CONV5TION4 ,I DO NOT SEE H[ FROM A /UDY ( ?AT *>T !RE C\LD POSSIBLY BE1 IF ALL ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE ( ?IS C\NTRY W]E ORGANIZ$1 MORE ?AN SIXTE5 OR EI<TE5 9T]NATIONAL 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATIONS4 ,BUT IT SEEMS TO ME1 ,MR4 ,*AIRMAN1 ?AT IF ?IS ORGANIZATION IS GO+ TO SUCCE$ IT MU/ FOLL[ ! NATURAL L9ES ( ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T1 & NOT FOLL[ ! >BITR>Y FIX$ L9ES ?AT MAY BE SET =? BY ?IS CONV5TION OR ?IS ,CON/ITUTION ,COMMITTEE1 SAY+ ?AT C]TA9 M5 %\LD BE PLAC$ 9 A C]TA9 PLACE1 & !SE WOM5 !RE1 & ?AT !Y %ALL NOT BE WELCOME 9 ANY O!R PLACES 9 ?IS ORGANIZATION4 ,I BELIEVE ?AT ! NATURAL C\RSE ( ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T IS = ORGANIZATION BY 9DU/RIES4 ,I BELIEVE ?AT ! WORK+ PEOPLE WANT ORGANIZATION BY 9DU/RIES1 & ,I BELIEVE ?AT IT WILL NOT 9VOLVE ?IS ORGANIZATION 9 ANY GREAT] NUMB] ( 9T]NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ?AN ! ,CON/ITUTION ,COMMITTEE PROVIDES =1 & ,I BELIEVE ?AT ! PLAN SUBMITT$ BY ! ,CON/ITUTION ,COMMITTEE IS UNWORKABLE4 

,D,E,L4 ,W4 ,L4 ,H,A,L,L3 ,AS !RE HAS ALREADY BE5 SOME DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ?OSE :O HAVE BE5 9/RUM5TAL 9 CALL+ ?IS CONV5TION1 & ! PREC$5T = MANIFE/+ ?IS DIFF]5CE HAS ALREADY BE5 E/ABLI%$1 IT OCCURS TO ME ?AT ,I HAVE A RI<T TO 9TRUDE SOME ( ! IDEAS ?AT ,I HAD AS A SIGN] ( ! CALL = ?IS CONV5TION4 ,IT OCCURS TO ME ?AT !RE IS ONE G5]AL PR9CIPLE UND]LY+ :AT MI<T BE T]M$ AN ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE1 & ?AT ONE PR9CIPLE IS C5TRALIZ$ ADM9I/RATION4 ,IT OCCURS TO ME ?AT ?AT ONE FACTOR 9 LABOR ORGANIZATIONS1 ADM9I/RATION1 HAS A GREAT] 9FLU5CE UPON ! 9DIVIDUAL *>ACT] T[>DS BR++ AB\T SOLID>ITY ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE ?AN ANY O!R FACTOR ) :I* WE HAVE TO CONT5D4 ,WE HAVE ALREADY DEP>T$ FROM ! TRUE SPIRIT ( ?OSE :O CALL$ ?IS CONV5TION BY E/ABLI%+ ?IRTE5 DIFF]5T ADM9I/RATIONS 9 ?IS ONE UNION ?AT WAS CALL$ =4 ,! ,MANIFE/O CLE>LY /ATES ?AT 0AN ORGANIZATION FULFILL+ !SE CONDITIONS MU/ CONSI/ ( ONE C5TRAL UNION EMBRAC+ ALL WORK]S02 & IT E/ABLI%ES ITSELF UPON ?AT PR9CIPLE A LITTLE FUR!R ON BY SAY+1 0,ALL MEMB]S MU/ HOLD MEMB]%IP 9 ! LOCAL1 NATIONAL OR 9T]NATIONAL UNIONS COV]+ ! 9DU/RY 9 :I* !Y >E EMPLOY$40 ,N[1 ?AT DOES NOT MEAN ?AT ?IS NATIONAL OR 9T]NATIONAL UNION IS SET ASIDE AS A SEP>ATE ADM9I/RATION2 IT SIMPLY MEANS ?AT = CL]ICAL PURPOSES1 = PURPOSES ( GR\P+ ! MEMB]S & RECOGNIZ+ !IR GR\PS ECONOMICALLY1 !Y >E PLAC$ 9 ?AT POSITION TO EA* O!R4 ,BUT ! IDEA WAS TO C5TRALIZE ADM9I/RATION4 ,! IDEA1 AS ,I SAY1 HAS BE5 DEP>T$ FROM BY ! COMMITTEE1 BUT ,I PRESUME ! COMMITTEE CONSID]S ?AT WE >E NOT 9 A P]FECT /ATE ( DEVELOPM5T2 !RE=E ?AT IT WAS NECESS>Y = !M TO DEP>T 9 C]TA9 MEASURES FROM ! IDEAL ( AN ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION4 ,N[1 !N1 IF WE FOLL[ ,DELEGATE ,COATES'S SUGGE/ION & E/ABLI% #e OR #f DIFF]5T OR FUR!R ADM9I/RATIONS 9 ?IS ONE ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION1 IT OCCURS TO ME ?AT WE WILL ROB IT ( ! =CE ?AT IT WILL HAVE2 IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT WE >E WEAK5+ ! MOVEM5T BY E/ABLI%+ !SE DIFF]5T ADM9I/RATIONS4 ,:AT IS MEANT BY AN ADM9I/RATION8 ,:AT IS MEANT BY ,BRO!R ,COATES'S MOTION TO HAVE !M GR\P$ AS 9T]NATIONAL UNIONS8 ,IT MEANS SIMPLY ! SETT+ UP ( ANO!R ADM9I/RATION )9 ?IS ONE GREAT ADM9I/RATION4 ,N[1 !N1 ,I CLAIM ?AT ! FEW] ( ?OSE ?AT WE HAVE1 ! BETT] IT WILL BE1 ! MORE /RONG WILL Y\R MOVEM5T BE1 ! MORE WE WILL BE 9 ACCORD ) ?AT :I* IS DEM&$ BY ! WORK+ PEOPLE2 ?AT IS1 A =M ( AN ORGANIZATION ?AT WILL S]VE !IR ECONOMIC NE$S4 ,N[1 ,I DO NOT C>E TO OCCUPY MU* ( Y\R TIME1 BUT ,I W\LD LIKE TO CALL ATT5TION TO ?AT ONE G5]AL PR9CIPLE UND]LY+ A P]FECT ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE1 & :5EV] Y\ DIVIDE ?AT ADM9I/RATION--IT MAY BE = REASONS ?AT Y\ CANNOT AVOID1 OR IT MAY BE = V>I\S REASONS BUT = :ATEV] REASONS1 :5EV] Y\ DIVIDE ?AT ADM9I/RATION1 WE >E ?US F> DEP>T+ FROM ! TRUE PR9CIPLES UND]LY+ AN ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION4 ,I CLAIM ?AT TO HAVE A P]FECT ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION WE MU/ HAVE A C5TRALIZ$ ADM9I/RATION & AN ABSOLUTELY C5TRALIZ$ F9ANCIAL SY/EM BE=E WE CAN ACCOMPLI% IT4 

,O!RWISE1 IF Y\ GIVE ANY 9DEP5D5CE1 :I* Y\ DO ?R\< SEP>ATE ADM9I/RATION BY A DIVISION ( ! ORGANIZATION1 Y\ HAVE SEP>AT$ ?AT TO ?AT EXT5T FROM ! G5]AL MOVEM5T4 ,N[1 ,I DO NOT PRET5D TO SAY ?AT WE CAN =M A P]FECT ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE1 BUT :AT ,I DO SAY IS ?AT WE CAN GET AS CLOSE TO IT AS POSSIBLE1 & ,I BELIEVE ! GR\P+ SUGGE/$ BY ! COMMITTEE1 IF ?AT IS AS CLOSE AS !Y CAN GET1 IS REASONABLY F> 5\< AWAY FROM ! IDEA4 ,I DO NOT LIKE EV5 ?IS GR\P+1 BUT ,I ?9K IT IS BETT] ?AN LEAV+ IT TO A BO>D ( DIRECTORS TO DECIDE :AT IS AN 9T]NATIONAL4 ,I V5TURE TO SAY ?AT !RE IS NO ONE WELL 5\< PO/$ UPON ! CONDITION & ! ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T ( ?IS C\NTRY TO ASC]TA9 :AT IS A REAL 9DU/RIAL UNION4 ,IF !Y CANNOT DECIDE1 IT SUGGE/S ! IDEA ( JURISDICTIONAL /RIFE BETWE5 DIFF]5T DIVISIONS4 ,N[1 WE >E GO+ TO HAVE ?AT ) ?IS DIVISION4 ,H]E >E ?IRTE5 GR& DIVISIONS ?AT WE >E GO+ TO HAVE ACCORD+ TO ?IS PLAN4 ,WE >E GO+ TO HAVE M5 :O >E SITT+ AT ! HEAD ( !SE DIFF]5T DIVISIONS /RUGGL+ = !IR ORGANIZATIONS4 ,WE >E GO+ TO HAVE !M CONT5D+ ?AT !RE IS SOME O!R DIVISION ( ! ORGANIZATION MAK+ UNFAIR RATES OR TAK+ 9 M5 ?AT DO NOT BELONG TO !M4 ,N[1 ! MORE Y\ EXT5D ?AT1 ! MORE 9T]NATIONALS Y\ ORGANIZE1 ! MORE ( ?IS JURISDICTIONAL /RIFE Y\ >E GO+ TO HAVE 9 ! ORGANIZATIONS1 & IT WILL BE ! RUNN+ SORE ?AT WILL DE/ROY US EV5TUALLY4 ,I CLAIM ?AT WE %\LD HAVE \R EYES UPON ! FUTURE ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE1 & IF WE CANNOT ADOPT IT N[1 LET US AT LEA/ ANN\NCE ?AT ?AT IS ! CORRECT PR9CIPLE & HAVE SOME?+ 9 ! FUTURE TO WORK TO1 & BE ASSUR$1 ! FEW] ! NUMB] ( GR\PS 9 ?IS ORGANIZATION WE %ALL HAVE1 ! %ORT] ROAD TO TRAVEL4 ,WE MU/ AVOID ALL ?AT WE POSSIBLY CAN ANY?+ ?AT WILL SUGGE/ A JURISDICTIONAL /RUGGLE BETWE5 !SE DIVISIONS1 BECAUSE ?AT IS :AT IS REALLY DE/ROY+ ! ,AM]ICAN ,F$]ATION ( ,LABOR2 ?AT IS ! ONE ?+ ?AT HAS MADE IT REALLY 9EFFECTIVE4 ,IF !RE HAD BE5 P]FECT PEACE & H>MONY BETWE5 ! DIFF]5T ORGANIZATIONS ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,F$]ATION ( ,LABOR1 !Y W\LD HAVE BE5 JU/ AS MU* AN ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE AS ?IS ONE ?AT WE >E =M+1 & WE %\LD NOT FOLL[ ! ,AM]ICAN ,F$]ATION 9 FAIL+ TO RECOGNIZE ?OSE FACTS4 ,!Y HAVE BE5 DIVID+ M5 BY REASON ( ! TOOLS ?AT !Y WORK )1 BUT WE MU/ DIVIDE !M BY 9DU/RIES AS MU* AS POSSIBLE4 ,I CLAIM ?AT WE NE$ TO ABSOLUTELY C5TRALIZE ! ADM9I/RATION ( ?IS ORGANIZATION1 ABSOLUTELY C5TRALIZE IT 9TO ONE G5]AL ADM9I/RATION4 ,Y\ CAN DIVIDE IT = CL]ICAL PURPOSES IF Y\ WILL1 OR = /ATI/ICAL PURPOSES1 AS ! LEGISLATION ( ! FUTURE IS GO+ TO BE L>GELY A MATT] ( /ATI/ICS4 ,WE WILL PROBABLY NE$ TO DIVIDE ! WORK+ PEOPLE = /ATI/ICAL PURPOSES ONLY4 ,BUT TO DIVIDE !M = ADM9I/RATIVE PURPOSES IS1 ,I SAY1 E/ABLI%+ A SORE 9 ! ORGANIZATION ?AT WILL DE/ROY US4 ,I V5TURE TO SAY N[ ?AT IF WE E/ABLI% ! PR9CIPLE ?AT !SE ?IRTE5 DIFF]5T DIVISIONS ( LABOR >E AN ABSOLUTE FACT ?AT WE MU/ DEAL )1 9 ! P]IOD ( T5 YE>S FROM N[ WE WILL HAVE TO DO EXACTLY :AT WE >E DO+ N[1 DE/ROY ?IS ORGANIZATION 9 ORD] ?AT WE MAY E/ABLI% ONE ?AT MORE CLOSELY /ATES ! NE$S & REQUIREM5TS ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE4 ,I BELIEVE ?IS WILL BE DE/ROY$ EV5TUALLY UNLESS WE E/ABLI% FIRMLY ! PR9CIPLE ?AT C5T]$ ADM9I/RATION & A C5T]$ F9ANCIAL SY/EM MU/ BE ! ?+ ?AT WE >E TO WORK TO 9 ! FUTURE4 ,LET US1 IF WE CANNOT DO BETT]1 NOT DO WORSE BY E/ABLI%+ A GREAT] NUMB] ( DIVISIONS ( ?IS ORGANIZATION4 7,APPLAUSE47 

,D,E,L4 ,G,O,O,D,W,93 ,AS ,I UND]/& ?AT *>T !RE ) ITS SUBDIVISIONS ( 9DU/RIES1 ,I LOOK UPON IT AS MIRROR+ ! 9DU/RIAL FIELD4 ,FUR!R1 ,I LOOK AT ?IS ORGANIZATION ?AT WE >E TRY+ TO LAUN* H]E OR >E GO+ TO LAUN* AS ! ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 AS A CLASS UNION :I*1 BY VIRTUE ( ! FACT ( CAPITALI/ DEVELOPM5T & 9 ! PECULI> WAY 9 :I* IT IS DEVELOP$1 WE MU/ MAKE \R ORGANIZATION CON=M TO ?AT DEVELOPM5T4 ,WE SEE CAPITALI/ PRODUCTION DIVID$ 9TO SEV]AL DEP>TM5TS1 BUT ! PR9CIPLE ( DIVISION IS NO MORE IMPORTANT ?AN = ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION4 ,AS ,BRO!R ,HALL HAS JU/ REM>K$1 ! NECESSITY ( ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION IS %[N BY ! EXP]I5CE ( ! PA/ FEW YE>S 9 REF]5CE TO ! DIFF]5CES BETWE5 9T]NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS DEAL+ ) DIFF]5T K9DS ( COMMODITIES1 :I* ,BRO!R ,HAG]TY M5TION$ 9 HIS REM>K AB\T ! TOO?PICK BUS9ESS4 ,BUT IF WE HAVE AN ORGANIZATION :]E WE HAVE GOT TO BE CONT9UALLY *ANG+ \R ORGANIZATION 9 ! SAME PROPORTION AS ! *ANGES 9 CAPITALI/ PRODUCTION1 WIP+ \T AN OLD 9DU/RY & />T+ A NEW1 WE WILL BE CON/ANTLY TE>+ D[N & BUILD+ UP AGA94 ,IF 9DU/RY C\LD BE DIVID$ UP 9TO C]TA9 SPECIFIC GR\PS ACCORD+ TO C]TA9 COMMODITIES ?AT NEV] *ANG$1 !N WE MI<T GR\P M5 9 A C]TA9 DIVISION4 ,FLY+ MA*9ES MI<T COME & WE C\LD PUT !M 9 !IR PLACE4 ,IF WE DIVIDE UP \R ORGANIZATION 9TO V>I\S P>TS ) REF]5CE TO ! COMMODITIES ?AT >E *ANG+1 WE HAVE GOT TO LAUN* A NEW 9DU/RIAL UNION EV]Y TIME A NEW COMMODITY IS 9TRODUC$4 ,I ?9K IT IS F> PREF]ABLE TO HAVE FEW] DIVISIONS4 ,! ANATOMI/ LOOKS AT ! HUMAN BODY 9 ! LI<T ( SO MANY ORGANS4 ,Y\ MI<T DIVIDE ! ANATOMY 9 ANO!R WAY1 BUT Y\ NEV] *ANGE ?OSE FUNCTIONS OR ?OSE P>TS4 ,Y\ MI<T *ANGE ! CLASSIFICATION1 BUT /ILL AT ! SAME TIME ! OLD FUNCTIONS >E !RE4 ,I LOOK UPON ?IS MOVEM5T1 & ,I ?9K ?OSE MO/ PROGRESSIVE 9 ?IS MOVEM5T LOOK AT IT 9 ! SAME WAY1 ?AT WE %\LD ONLY MIRROR ! 9DU/RIAL FIELD4 ,WE SEE CAPITALI/ PRODUCTION1 & ?AT IT V]Y MU* RESEMBLES ! HUMAN ANATOMY1 DIVID$ UP 9TO SEP>ATE FUNCTIONS SOME?+ LIKE ! BRA91 HE>T1 ETC4 ,Y\ CANNOT TELL NOR Y\ CANNOT LAY D[N A L9E ( DEM>CATION BETWE5 TWO 9DU/RIES & DO IT EXACTLY1 ANY MORE ?AN Y\ CAN LAY D[N ! L9E ( DEM>CATION BETWE5 ! FUNCTIONS ( ! HE>T & /OMA*1 BECAUSE ?OSE TWO FUNCTIONS 9T]M+LE4 ,Y\ CANNOT SEP>ATE !M & TAKE ONE \T )\T TAK+ ! O!R4 ,H5CE !SE DIVISIONS1 H[EV] IMPORTANT !Y >E1 %\LD BE COMM5SURATE1 %\LD BE 9 L9E ) ! REAL DIVISIONS ( CAPITALI/ PRODUCTION 9 ! WAY 9DU/RIES >E C>RI$ ON & L>GELY DIVID$4 ,IT %\LD BE A REFLECTION ( ! 9DU/RIAL FIELD & PRACTICALLY SET IT =?4 

,D,E,L4 ,F,R,5,*3 ,I DO NOT DESIRE TO TAKE UP TIME1 BUT ,I WANT TO GO ON RECORD AS 5DORS+ ! /ATEM5T MADE BY ,DELEGATE ,HALL1 & 9 DO+ SO ,I WI% TO SAY ?AT ,I ?9K ! DELEGATE VOIC$ ! S5TIM5TS ( ! ,S4 ,T4 @& ,L4 ,A4 AS WELL4 

,D,E,L4 ,O',B,R,I,53 ,LA/ FALL !RE WAS AN 9T]NATIONAL CONF]5CE HELD 9 ,/4 ,L\IS1 & IF Y\ W\LD GO OV] ! G5]AL SCOPE ( ?AT CONF]5CE Y\ W\LD SEE ?AT ITS SCOPE WAS ALMO/ ID5TICAL ) ?IS4 ,!RE WAS A *>T ) GR\P+S & SUB-GR\P+S4 ,IT APPE>S TO ME FROM ! REM>K ( A BRO!R ON ! FLOOR ?AT !RE IS A QUE/ION 9VOLV$ 9 ! MA9 GR\P+S & :AT >E T]M$ ! SUB-GR\P+S1 & ?AT IT MI<T BE NECESS>Y 9 AN ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION TO HAVE SUB-GR\P+S4 ,I BELIEVE Y\ CAN HAVE ! DEP>TM5TS & ! SUB-GR\PS )\T DE/ROY+ ! G5]AL FUNCTION & G5]AL SOLID>ITY ( ! ORGANIZATION4 ,I BELIEVE IT WILL BE NECESS>Y = O!R DEP>TM5TS ( ?IS ORGANIZATION TO HAVE A WORK+ PR9CIPLE4 ,I BELIEVE 9 ! DEVELOPM5T ( ?AT SY/EM ( ORGANIZATION4 ,9 ORD] TO 9AUGURATE A WORK+ CLASS REPUBLIC IT WILL BE NECESS>Y TO HAVE SOME GR\P+S )\T DE/ROY+ ! ONE PURPOSE = :I* ?IS CONV5TION IS CALL$ TOGE!R4 

,D,E,L4 ,G,L,A,S,G,[3 ,I DESIRE SOME 9=MATION1 SO ?AT :5 ,I GO BACK TO MY ORGANIZATION ,I CAN ANSW] ! QUE/IONS ?AT MAY BE ASK$ ( ME4 ,I ?9K ?IS WILL BE PRACTICAL & ?AT WE WILL BE ABLE TO WORK ALONG ?AT L9E1 BUT !RE >E C]TA9 QUE/IONS ?AT ,I IMAG9E WILL BE ASK$ ( ME BY ALL ! BRO!RS 9 ! BRAN* 9 :I* ,I MAY BE GR\P$3 0,:O IS GO+ TO DET]M9E ! RATES ( WAGES & H\RS ( LABOR 9 EA* P>TICUL> OCCUPATION OR TRADE80 ,QUE/IONS ( ?AT K9D WILL PROBABLY BE ASK$4 ,WE WANT TO GET D[N TO ! PRACTICAL WORK+ ( ! ORGANIZATION4 ,:5 WE GO TO A MEMB] & PRES5T ?IS PROPOSITION TO HIM & ASK HIM TO VOTE TO BR+ HIS ORGANIZATION 91 HE WILL WANT TO KN[ :AT ?IS IS TO BE BE=E HE WILL CONS5T ?AT HIS ORGANIZATION %ALL GO 9TO ?IS4  ,N[1 :O CAN TELL :O IS TO DET]M9E !SE MATT]S8 ,WILL IT BE ?OSE 9 *>GE ( ! P>TICUL> 9DU/RIES OR GR\PS ?AT WILL DET]M9E = !MSELVES8 ,& SUPPOS+ SOME ONE ORGANIZATION1 SAY 9 ! BUILD+ TRADES1 WANTS TO FIX WAGES & H\RS ONE WAY1 & ANO!R ORGANIZATION SAYS 0,?AT IS UNFAIR10 & !Y >E ASK+ IF A /RIKE %ALL BE ORD]$ TO C>RY \T !IR IDEAS1 W\LD ALL ! O!RS 9 ?AT P>TICUL> GR\P BE COMPELL$ TO GO ON /RIKE BECAUSE ?IS ONE TRADE ASK$ ?AT :I* MAY BE UNFAIR8 ,SUPPOS+ ALL ! O!RS W\LD NOT CONS5T TO IT4 ,I WANT TO GET AT ! PRACTICAL WORK+ ME?OD1 & IF SOME ONE WILL GIVE ME ! IDEA ,I WILL BE PREP>$ TO ANSW] !M1 BUT AT ! PRES5T TIME ,I C\LD NOT4 ,P]HAPS ,BRO!R ,HAG]TY CAN ANSW] ME ?AT1 OR SOME ONE ELSE4 

,D,E,L4 ,K,N,I,<,T3 ,I DO NOT C>E TO >GUE ?IS ONE WAY OR ! O!R1 BUT AS ,I UND]/&1 ?IS CONV5TION CANNOT SETTLE ! TE*NICAL SUBJECTS ?AT WILL >ISE4 ,9 ORD] TO ORGANIZE WE HAVE =M$ !SE GR\PS4 ,WE REALIZE ?AT IT IS AN EVOLUTION>Y PROCESS & WILL DEVELOP 9 ! FUTURE4 ,?IS IS ! F\NDATION PROCESS1 & FROM ?AT ! ,EXECUTIVE ,BO>D1 ! ,PRESID5T1 ! ,SECRET>Y-,TREASUR] & ! ORGANIZ]S CAN GO BE=E ! WORK+ CLASS & PUT ?IS PROPOSITION UP TO !M4 ,WE WILL DEP5D UPON ! KN[L$GE ( ! WORK+ CLASS 9 ! V>I\S BRAN*ES ( LABOR1 & ! ORGANIZ]S & ! ,EXECUTIVE ,BO>D CAN !N DEVELOP ?IS QUE/ION4 ,IT WILL REQUIRE HUMAN BRA9S & HUMAN ACTIVITY TO MAKE ANY ( !SE ?+S GO4 ,WE %\LD NOT IMAG9E ?AT :5 WE SET ?IS ?+ D[N ?AT ?AT SETTLES ! QUE/ION4 ,!RE IS GO+ TO BE AN APPLICATION ( M9D & 9TELLIG5CE TO ?IS PROPOSITION1 & ?AT IS EXACTLY ! WAY ! COMMITTEE PROCE$$ 9 DRAW+ UP ?IS PROPOSITION4 ,I AGREE ) :AT HAS BE5 SAID 9 FAVOR ( A /RONGLY C5TRALIZ$ ORGANIZATION1 & WE WANT TO C5TRALIZE ?IS AS MU* AS POSSIBLE AT ! PRES5T TIME SO AS TO GET \T TO ! WORK] & BEG9 ! WORK ( ORGANIZ+ ! WORK]S & GET ! MAT]IAL & PROCE$ TO DIVIDE IT UP TE*NICALLY & PLACE !M1 9 ! POSITION 9 :I* !Y BELONG4 ,I SAY ?AT BECAUSE ,I ?\<T IT MI<T CLE> UP SOME:AT ! PROPOSITION4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,ANY FUR!R REM>KS8 ,:5 ,DELEGATE ,COATES ADDRESSES ! CONV5TION AGA9 ON ?IS QUE/ION ?AT WILL CLOSE ! DEBATE ON ?IS QUE/ION4 

,D,E,L4 ,P,>,K,S3 ,IT SEEMS ?AT ONE MEMB] ( ! ,CON/ITUTION ,COMMITTEE C\LD NOT CONCUR 9 ! REPORT ( ! COMMITTEE1 WI%+ TO SET UP A DEP>TM5T ( ,/ATE AUTONOMY OR SOME?+ TO ?AT EFFECT4 ,I BELIEVE ?AT A /UDY ( ?IS PLAN 9 ! LI<T ( ! 9DU/RIAL DEVELOPM5T ( ! WORLD WILL REVEAL TO Y\ ! FACT ?AT CAPITALISM IS ORGANIZ+ ! BUS9ESS ( ! WORLD1 & ! GREAT FACTORIES ( ! FUTURE >E TO BE M>K$ NOT BY ,/ATE L9ES1 NOT BY GEOGRAPHICAL L9ES LAID \T BY A SURVEYOR1 BUT BY GREAT 9DU/RIAL DEP>TM5TS SU* AS WE HAVE BE=E US 9 ! WORLD TO-DAY1 SU* AS ! ,/&>D ,OIL ,COMPANY1 ! GREAT TRANS-CONT95TAL L9ES ( RAILWAY ?AT RUN BETWE5 ! ,GULF ( ,MEXICO1 & ! GREAT WORLD-WIDE TELEGRAPHIC ORGANIZATION ( ! MEANS ( COMMUNICATION1 :I*1 ) 9DU/RIAL DEVELOPM5T1 >E WIP+ \T ,/ATE L9ES4 ,OV] A HUNDR$ YE>S AGO !RE WAS BR\<T 9TO EXI/5CE A NEW NATION ?AT WAS ORGANIZ$ BY A LOT ( MIDDLE CLASS CAPITALI/S & A LOT ( BUS9ESSM54 ,?IRTE5 ,/ATES W]E 9AUGURAT$ AT FIR/1 BUT ?AT GR\P ( ?IRTE5 ,/ATES D[N 9 ! ,EA/ HAVE *ANG$ TO A V]Y GREAT EXT5T1 & ONE OR TWO ( ! ,/ATES TO-DAY HAVE A GREAT DEAL MORE P[] ?AN ! HALF DOZ5 ,NEW ,5GL& ,/ATES4 ,IF WE />T \T ) ?IS DIVISION1 :I* IS M]ELY SUGGE/IVE AS AN ORGANIZATION1 IT DOES NOT NECESS>ILY FOLL[ ?AT IT WILL ALWAYS REMA9 AS IT IS \TL9$ H]E TO-DAY4 ,I ?9K ,I HAVE BE5 9=M$ BY ! ,CON/ITUTION ,COMMITTEE ?AT !RE IS PROVISION 9 ! CON/ITUTION MADE :]EBY WORK]S 9 A DEP>TM5T OR WORK+ 9 AN 9DU/RY WILL BE ABLE1 BY A VOTE OR BY ! ,EXECUTIVE ,BO>D1 TO TAKE !MSELVES \T ( ONE DEP>TM5T & PUT !MSELVES OV] 9 ANO!R DEP>TM5T IF !Y F9D ?AT !IR 9T]E/S >E ID5TICAL ) ?OSE ( ! WORK]S 9 ?AT DEP>TM5T4 ,SO ,I DO NOT ?9K WE NE$ TO BE AL>M$ AB\T DIVID+ ! WORK]S 9TO ?IRTE5 DIFF]5T GR\PS4 ,! QUE/ION HAS BE5 ASK$1 0,:O WILL REGULATE ! WAGES & ! H\RS ( WORK80 ETC4 ,:O DO Y\ ?9K \<T TO HAVE ! RI<T TO REGULATE ! H\RS ( WORK & ! WAGES ( ! RAILROAD EMPLOYES1 OR ! TELEGRAPH]S1 OR ! MAIL CL]KS8 ,IT IS LAID D[N 9 ! ,MANIFE/O ?AT !RE IS TO BE CRAFT AUTONOMY LOCALLY1 9DU/RIAL AUTONOMY 9T]NATIONALLY4 ,I ?9K ?AT ! EMPLOYES ( ! GREAT TRANS-CONT95TAL TRANSPORTATION DIVISION \<T TO BE 9T]NATIONALLY UNIT$1 ) P[] TO REGULATE !IR [N AFFAIRS1 H\RS ( LABOR1 RATES ( WAGES1 ETC4 ,MY FRI5DS1 ,I DO NOT ?9K WE NE$ TO BE C>RI$ AWAY ) ! IDEA ?AT WE >E DIVID+ ! WORK]S BY GR\PS YET AS SUGGE/$ BY ! ,COMMITTEE ON ,CON/ITUTION1 OR ?AT !Y HAVE MADE AN ATTEMPT4 ,IF Y\ WILL LOOK OV] ?IS LONG LI/ ( ?IRTE5 GR\PS1 IT CLASSIFIES ! WORK]S ACCORD+ TO ! 9DU/RY 9 :I* !Y >E AT WORK & ) ! WORK]S :OM !Y PROBABLY >E 9 H>MONY ) ALTOGE!R4 

,D,E,L4 ,:,I,T,E3 ,I WANT TO ASK ONE QUE/ION1 SO ?AT ,I WILL BE CLE>$ UP4 ,NO MATT] :AT SORT ( AN ORGANIZATION WE =M1 NO MATT] :AT PLAN WE GET1 CAN WE AVOID ! >I/OCRATIC FEATURE 9 ! ORGANIZATION1 CAN WE GET RID ( ! >I/OCRATIC IDEA ?AT SEP>ATES LOCOMOTIVE 5G9E]S FROM LABOR]S8 

,D,E,L4 ,C,R,O,N,93 ,! ,CON/ITUTION ,COMMITTEE1 9 MAK+ ?IS REPORT1 REPORT$ TO ?IS CONV5TION ?AT !Y 9T5D$ TO SUBMIT TO ! CONV5TION = !IR CONSID]ATION A SKELETON ( ! CON/ITUTION4 ,!RE=E ,I SAY ?AT !Y HAVE NO RI<T TO DRAW UP A L>GE *>T SETT+ =? ! DIFF]5T DEP>TM5TS = ! V>I\S ORGANIZATIONS ?AT DESIRE TO AFFILIATE :5EV] IT %ALL BE E/ABLI%$4 ,= ?IS REASON !RE IS A LOT ( 9T]NATIONAL UNIONS =M$ UPON ! 9DU/RIAL L9E 9 ,AM]ICA TO-DAY ?AT ,I BELIEVE >E ALL READY TO JO9 ?IS ORGANIZATION1 PROVID+ !Y CAN COME 9 H]E AS AN 9DU/RIAL UNION & NOT BE COMB9$ ) ANY O!R DI/9CT CRAFT OR CALL+ OR ANY O!R 9DU/RY4 ,CONSEQU5TLY ,I SAY ?AT WE %\LD =M \R 9DU/RIAL UNION ON 9DU/RIAL L9ES1 NOT UPON A *>T :]E Y\ PUT TOGE!R DIFF]5T 9DU/RIES 9 C]TA9 DEP>TM5TS4 

,D,E,L4 ,M,U,R,T,A,U,<3 ,I HAVE LI/5$ V]Y ATT5TIVELY TO ! V>I\S REM>KS ON ?IS SUBJECT1 & IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT ! 5TIRE ?+ IS A TEMPE/ 9 A TEAPOT4 ,I CAN SEE ABSOLUTELY NO?+ 9 ! GR\P+ AS PUT =? 9 ?AT *>T O!R ?AN AN APOLOGY = CRAFT UNIONISM AS IT EXI/S TO-DAY4 ,WE EA* & EV]Y ONE ( US :O BELIEVE 9 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATION1 P]HAPS HAVE 9 \R [N M9DS A PLAN DRAWN UPON :I* WE BELIEVE ! 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATION %\LD BE BUILT4 ,I WANT TO SAY ?AT 9 SO F> AS MY CONCEPTION ( 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATION IS CONC]N$1 IT MEANS 5TIRELY ! SOLID>ITY ( :I* WE SPOKE SO MU* 9 ! BEG9N+ ( ?IS CONV5TION & ( :I* WE >E BEG9N+ TO LOSE SI<T N[ :5 CONFRONT$ ) ! PRACTICAL PROBLEM4 ,?AT WAS ALL ,I DESIR$ TO SAY1 ,MR4 ,PRESID5T4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,ANY FUR!R REM>KS ON ! QUE/ION8 

,QUE/ION CALL$ =4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,DELEGATE ,COATES HAS ! FLOOR = ! CLOS+ REM>KS4 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,MR4 ,*AIRMAN & ,FELL[ ,DELEGATES3 ,I AM NOT DISMAY$ BY ANY?+ ?AT HAS BE5 SAID 9 OPPOSITION4 ,I AM RA!R SURPRIS$1 H[EV]1 TO HE> SOME REM>KS ?AT HAVE BE5 MADE1 P>TICUL>LY ! REM>K ( ,DELEGATE ,%]MAN :5 HE 9T5D$ TO C>RY \T ! IMPRESSION ?AT ,I /OOD = ! OLD-L9E CRAFT ORGANIZATION4 ,N[1 HE KN[S BETT] ?AN ?AT4 ,I WANT TO SAY TO ! DELEGATES ( ?IS CONV5TION ?AT ANO!R IMPRESSION ?AT ,DELEGATE ,%]MAN GAVE \T1 ,I ?9K IS AN ]ROR2 NOT DELIB]ATELY US$1 ,I DON'T BELIEVE1 TO SWAY ?IS CONV5TION1 BUT AT ! SAME TIME HAV+ ?AT T5D5CY2 & ?AT WAS ?AT ?IS 0:EEL ( =TUNE0 UP H]E--,I CANNOT CALL IT ANY?+ ELSE--WAS A P>T & P>CEL ( ! ,MANIFE/O4 ,I WANT TO D5Y ?AT IT IS A P>T ( ! ,MANIFE/O4 ,IT HAS BE5 SAID SO BY ONE ( ! ORIG9ATORS ( ?IS CALL4 ,IT WAS NOT1 & ,I HAVE NOT HE>D ANYBODY ON ?IS FLOOR SAY ?AT IT WAS EXCEPT AS 9TIMAT$ BY ,DELEGATE ,%]MAN--IF HE 9T5D$ TO /ICK TO ! ,MANIFE/O--MA9TA9+ OR 9TIMAT+ ?AT ?AT WAS P>T ( IT4 

,I CAN AGREE ) EV]Y >GUM5T ?AT HAS BE5 MADE UPON ?IS FLOOR = ONE G5]AL C5TRALIZ$ HEAD & ONE G5]AL C5TRAL ORGANIZATION4 ,MR4 ,PRESID5T & FELL[ DELEGATES1 ,I W\LD RA!R1 ,I W\LD PREF]1 IF Y\ PLEASE1 TO VOTE = A MOTION TO MAKE IT ONE ORGANIZATION ( ALL ! WORK]S ( ! WORLD IF IT WAS PRACTICAL4 7,APPLAUSE47 ,! ONLY PLEA ?AT ,I HAVE TO MAKE N[ IS = A PRACTICAL ORGANIZATION2 AN ORGANIZATION ?AT IS GO+ TO BE BUILT UP & SUCCE$ & GO TO ! L5G?S ?AT Y\ WANT TO GO F9ALLY4 ,I WANT ! DELEGATES TO REMEMB] ?IS ,PREAMBLE TO ! CON/ITUTION AS Y\ HAVE HE>D IT READ1 & SEE IF MY AM5DM5T DOES NOT FIT ABSOLUTELY 9 PLACE ) ?AT ,PREAMBLE & CON/ITUTION1 & ?AT ?IS :EEL DOES NOT FIT 9 IT4 ,9 MY OP9ION ! :EEL LIMITS ?IS ORGANIZATION4 ,ONE CRAFT OR TRADE ?AT HAS BE5 M5TION$ ?AT USUALLY MAKES UP A P>T ( AN 9DU/RIAL GR\P MU/ GO 9 ?AT 9DU/RIAL GR\P4 ,IF IT DOES NOT IT WILL SIMPLY BE TURN$ OV]1 AS SOMEBODY HAS SAID1 9TO ANO!R 9DU/RIAL GR\P4 ,BUT NEV]!LESS1 IT MU/ GO 9TO SOME O!R GR\P ( ?OSE ?IRTE54 ,MY AM5DM5T SIMPLY IS1 & REALLY C>RIES \T ! 9T5T & SPIRIT ( ! CON/ITUTION FUR!R ON1 TO GIVE ! ,EXECUTIVE ,BO>D ! P[] TO REALLY LIMIT OR DESIGNATE ! LIMITS ( AN ORGANIZATION4 ,IT DOES NOT FIX ANY LIMIT4 ,IT SIMPLY SAYS ?AT IT %ALL BE MADE UP ( NATIONAL & 9T]NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ORGANIZ$ UPON ! 9DU/RIAL PLAN1 & ?AT IT %ALL BE LEFT TO ! ,EXECUTIVE ,BO>D ( ?IS ORGANIZATION TO SAY :AT PLAN !Y %ALL ORGANIZE ON4 

,9 ?AT CONNECTION1 BE=E ,I =GET IT1 ,I WANT TO SEE1 FELL[ DELEGATES1 ?AT WE >E ORGANIZ+ SOME?+ N[ ?AT IS ! MO/ PRACTICAL PLAN1 ! MO/ FEASIBLE PLAN1 TO GIVE US A YE> OR TWO YE>S FROM N[ JU/ EXACTLY ! GR\P+S 9TO :I* WE %\LD =M ! WORK]S ( !SE ,UNIT$ ,/ATES--OR ( ?IS ORGANIZATION1 RA!R4 ,I BELIEVE ?AT IF WE GO 9TO ! FIELD PURELY & SOLELY ON ! C5TRAL IDEA ?AT BR\<T ?IS CONV5TION TOGE!R1 ON ! 9DU/RIAL PLAN1 & LEAVE ! L9ES ( ?AT 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATION TO ! ,EXECUTIVE ,BO>D1 WE WILL BE 9 A F> BETT] POSITION A YE> H5CE OR TWO YE>S H5CE TO PUT ?IS ORGANIZATION ON ! BE/ POSSIBLE F\NDATION TO BR+ ! DESIR$ RESULTS1 ! ABOLITION1 IF Y\ PLEASE1 ( ! WAGE SY/EM ITSELF4 ,I BELIEVE ?AT JU/ AS SOON AS WE GO BE=E ! MASS ( ! WORK]S ) ?IS DIVISION1 Y\ >E IMM$IATELY GO+ TO BUILD UP A ,*9ESE WALL ?AT Y\ >E NOT GO+ TO GET OV] 9 TIME TO ORGANIZE ?IS MOVEM5T4 ,?AT IS ! ONLY ?+ ,I AM AFRAID (1 & ,I WANT TO SAY ?AT ,I WANT TO SEE ?IS MOVEM5T GO4 ,I HAVE NO DESIRE EXCEPT TO BUILD IT UP & SEE IT GO4 

,N[1 !RE HAS SOMEBODY SAID--& IT SEEM$ TO BE ! G5]AL IDEA1 ! PR9CIPAL >GUM5T HE MADE AGA9/ ! AM5DM5T--?AT CAPITAL IS ORGANIZ$ WORLD-WIDE & OP]ATES WORLD-WIDE4 ,I WANT TO SAY TO EV]Y ONE ( ! DELEGATES ?AT HAVE MADE ?AT /ATEM5T1 ?AT ! DEVELOPM5T ( CAPITAL IS 9DU/RIAL1 & Y\ CANNOT D5Y IT OR Y\ CANNOT PROVE IT O!RWISE4 ,:5EV] CAPITAL GOES 9TO ! RAILROAD BUS9ESS IT ORGANIZES A RAILROAD COMPANY1 & ! RAILROAD COMPANIES1 V>I\SLY AS !Y >E GR\P$ TOGE!R1 COME TOGE!R AS RAILROAD COMPANIES4 ,:5EV] ! SAME M5 :O >E 9T]E/$ 9 !SE RAILWAY COMPANIES WANT TO GO 9TO ! NEWSPAP] BUS9ESS !Y ORGANIZE A SEP>ATE COMPANY & GO 9TO ! NEWSPAP] BUS9ESS1 & ?AT COMPANY HAS ABSOLUTELY NO?+ TO DO ) ! RAILROAD BUS9ESS4 ,:5 !Y GO 9TO ! RE/AURANT BUS9ESS-- 

,D,E,L4 ,D,E ,L,E,O,N3 ,TUT6 ,TUT6 ,TUT6 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,WELL1 ,I WANT SOMEBODY TO PROVE O!RWISE1 & ,I WILL BE V]Y WILL+ TO HAVE !M DO IT--:5EV] !Y GO 9TO ! RE/AURANT BUS9ESS !Y OP]ATE ALONG ! SAME L9E4 ,?AT IS JU/ EXACTLY H[ CAPITAL IS OP]AT+ 9 ! PRES5T DEVELOPM5T ( ! ECONOMIC SY/EM4 ,?AT IS ! WAY1 ,MR4 ,PRESID5T1 ,I AM SATISFI$ EV]Y ONE ( ! ORIG9ATORS ( ?IS CALL HAD ! 9T5TION ?AT WE %\LD =M ?IS ORGANIZATION4 ,I DO NOT BELIEVE IT WAS ! 9T5TION TO DO ANY?+ ELSE EXCEPT TO ORGANIZE AN 9DU/RIAL UNION4 

,LET ME BR+ \T ANO!R FEATURE4 ,DELEGATE ,GILB]T OV] H]E1 9 ATTEMPT+ TO ALIGN ! HOTEL OR LAUNDRY PEOPLE ) ! PR9T]S1 ATTEMPT$ TO SAY ?AT ID5TITY ( 9T]E/ CAME 9 ?IS DIRECTION1 ?AT :5 ! LAUNDRY PEOPLE W5T ON /RIKE1 WAS IT RI<T TO SEE ! NEWSPAP] EMPLOYES1 = 9/ANCE1 CONT9UE TO SET UP & PR9T LIES AB\T ! LAUNDRY PEOPLE8 ,?IS ORGANIZATION HAS ALREADY PUT IT 9TO ! P[]1 & WE HAVE ALL AGRE$ ON IT--PUT IT 9TO ! P[] ( ! ,EXECUTIVE ,BO>D ?AT JU/ AS SOON AS1 )9 !IR JUDGM5T1 ANO!R 9DU/RY %\LD BE CALL$ \T 9 ORD] TO PROTECT ! 9T]E/S ( ?OSE ON /RIKE1 ?AT ?AT TOO %ALL BE ADD$ TO ! /RIKE NUMB]4 ,WE CAN GR\P ONE 9DU/RY AFT] AN ANO!R UNTIL WE GET !M ALL4 ,?AT IS EXACTLY ! WAY ?AT WE \<T TO OP]ATE1 & ?AT IS EXACTLY 9 L9E ) ! AM5DM5T ?AT ,I MADE TO ?IS MOTION4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,! QUE/ION N[ DEVOLVES ON ! MOTION-- 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,I ASK ! CONV5TION TO K9DLY ALL[ ME JU/ A FEW MORE WORDS4 

,D,E,L4 ,D,E ,L,E,O,N3 ,YES4 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N 7,DELEGATE ,J4 ,C4 ,SULLIVAN 9 ! *AIR73 ,! RULE IS T5 M9UTES4 ,!1 QUE/ION IS ON !-- 

,D,E,L4 ,%,],M,A,N3 ,I MOVE ?AT HIS TIME BE EXT5D$4 ,I MOVE A SUSP5SION ( ! RULES4 7,SECOND$47 

,D,E,L4 ,M,C,D,O,N,A,L,D3 ,I MOVE A SUSP5SION ( ! RULES & ?AT ,DELEGATE ,COATES BE GIV5 FUR!R TIME4 7,SECOND$47 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,! MOTION IS ?AT ! RULES BE SUSP5D$ & ?AT ,DELEGATE ,COATES BE GIV5 FUR!R TIME4 ,>E Y\ READY = ! QUE/ION8 7,QUE/ION CALL$ =47 ,?OSE 9 FAVOR ( ! QUE/ION WILL SAY AYE4 ,CONTR>Y NO4 ,! MOTION SEEMS TO BE C>RI$4 ,! MOTION IS C>RI$4 ,DELEGATE ,COATES HAS ! FLOOR4 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,I WANT TO ?ANK ! DELEGATES = ?IS EXT5SION ( TIME4 ,I WANT TO SAY ?AT P]HAPS TO SOME ( Y\ ,I HAVE SEEM$ TO OCCUPY ! TIME ( ?IS CONV5TION1 BUT ,I DO NOT BELIEVE ANYBODY CAN SAY ?AT ,I HAVE OCCUPI$ IT USELESSLY4 ,I HAVE TRI$ TO OCCUPY ! TIME AT LEA/ ACCORD+ TO ! BE/ LI<T ?AT ,I HAD 9 ME TO SEE ! PROP] ?+ TO DO4 ,I WANT TO BR+ ?IS \T AS FAIR AS ,I POSSIBLY CAN1 TO GET ! DELEGATES TO REALIZE :AT WE >E DO+4 ,?AT IS ! ONLY 9T5T ,I HAVE4 ,I WANT TO SAY ?AT ,I DO NOT BELIEVE ?AT ,I HAVE ANO!R S+LE SOLIT>Y OBJECTION TO ?IS 5TIRE CON/ITUTION4 ,! FIR/ AM5DM5T ,I MADE WAS S]I\S TO A C]TA9 EXT5T1 BUT NOT TO A V]Y GREAT EXT5T2 BUT ?IS ?+ ,I BELIEVE IS A S]I\S PROPOSITION4 ,I BELIEVE ?AT EI!R ! FAILURE OR ! SUCCESS ( ?IS ORGANIZATION DEP5DS ON ! V]Y SECTION ( ! CON/ITUTION ?AT WE >E GO+ TO ADOPT OR AM5D RI<T N[4 

,AT ! REQUE/ ( A DELEGATE ! P5D+ AM5DM5T WAS READ BY ! ,SECRET>Y4 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,?IS MEANS ?AT EV]Y MAN & WOMAN WORK+ 9 AN 9DU/RY %ALL BECOME A MEMB] ( HIS OR H] ORGANIZATION1 ?AT IS1 ! ORGANIZATION ( ?AT 9DU/RY4 ,TO PUT IT PLA9LY ,I WANT ! PR9CIPLE E/ABLI%$ ?AT A MAN1 WOMAN OR *ILD ?AT HAS ANY?+ TO DO ) ! PR9T+ 9DU/RY %ALL GO 9TO ONE 9DU/RY4 ,I WANT ! RE/AURANT & HOTEL PEOPLE TO GO 9TO ONE 9DU/RY4 ,I WANT !M SIMPLY1 JU/ AS SOON AS !Y COME 9TO ! SAME CRAFT OR ! SAME CALL+ :]E !Y WORK %\LD] TO %\LD]1 :]E !IR EV]YDAY LIVES >E B\ND TOGE!R--?OSE >E ! PEOPLE ?AT ,I WANT TO COME 9TO ONE 9DU/RY4 

,!RE WAS SOME?+ SAID AB\T ! C5TRALIZATION ( P[]4 ,I AM NOT ATTEMPT+ TO T\* ON ?AT1 BECAUSE ,I SAID A FEW M9UTES AGO ?AT ! ,EXECUTIVE ,BO>D ( ?IS ORGANIZATION WILL HAVE ALL P[] TO :EEL 9TO L9E 9 EV]Y 9DU/RIAL CONTROV]SY EV]Y MEMB] ( ?IS ORGANIZATION4 ,N[1 LET ME ASK--,I HAVE TRI$ TO F9D \T IF ,I POSSIBLY CAN--H[ >E ! LOCAL UNIONS ( !SE V>I\S GR\PS TO BE ORGANIZ$8 ,IF ,I HAD ?IS SECTION H]E1 IF ,I HAD ! :EEL V]Y CLOSE TO ME1 ,I C\LD TELL Y\ ! F\RTE5 OR FIFTE5 DIFF]5T ORGANIZATIONS ?AT >E GR\P$ TOGE!R 9 ONE GR\P4 ,LET US TAKE ! LA/ ONE2 ?AT IS ! ONE ,I REMEMB] MORE P>TICUL>LY4 ,! HI<WAYS1 ! PEOPLE :O WORK ON ! /REETS & 9 ! P>KS1 ! PEOPLE :O >E MUSICIANS1 ! PEOPLE :O >E WORK+ 9 HOTELS & RE/AURANTS1 ! PEOPLE :O WORK 9 LAUNDRIES1 ! PEOPLE :O WORK 9 ! PR9T+ 9DU/RY & TWO OR ?REE O!R 9DU/RIES1 >E GR\P$ TOGE!R4 ,&1 MY FRI5DS1 ?AT GR\P1 ,I WANT Y\ TO UND]/&1 SIMPLY MEANS ONE ORGANIZATION4 ,?IS MEANS A NUMB] ( ORGANIZATIONS SIMPLY ALLOTT$ 9 A GR\P4 ,IT MEANS ?AT ! LAUNDRY WORK]S1 ! /REET C> DRIV]S1 ! WORK]S UPON ! HI<WAYS & 9 ! P>KS1 ! MUSICIANS1 ! EMPLOYES 9 RE/AURANTS & HOTELS1 ! EMPLOYES 9 ! PR9T+ (FICES1 %ALL ALL BECOME 9DIVIDUAL MEMB]S ( ONE GREAT 9T]NATIONAL ORGANIZATION4 ,H]E WE >E4 ,H]E WE HAVE GOT A LOCAL ORGANIZATION ( ?AT GR\P4 ,Y\ >E A PR9T]2 ,I AM A CL]K ( SOME DIFF]5T K9D4 ,IT MEANS F\RTE5 OR FIFTE5 ( US 9 A DI/9CT BRAN*4 ,>E WE GO+ TO MAKE ?AT UP ?AT WAY1 OR >E WE GO+ TO SEP>ATE ALL ?OSE V>I\S LOCALS AS RE/AURANT EMPLOYES1 AS PR9T]S1 /REET C> DRIV]S1 MUSICIANS & SO ON8 ,IF WE DO SEP>ATE !M--& SOME ONE HAS MADE ! REM>K ?AT WE WILL HAVE LOCAL TRADE UNIONS--!N Y\ >E DO+ ! V]Y ?+ P]HAPS ?AT ,I WANT Y\ TO DO1 ONLY Y\ >E GO+ AB\T IT A HUNDR$ TIMES MORE DIFFICULT4 ,IF Y\ DO NOT DIVIDE !M UP ?AT WAY1 ,I WANT TO SAY TO Y\ ?AT JU/ AS SOON AS ! /REET C> M5 OR ! LAUNDRY WORK]S GET 9TO A DIFFICULTY ?AT MEANS A /RIKE1 ?AT MEANS A P] CAPITA TAX ON ! PR9T]S & ! O!R FELL[S1 !N 9 N9ETY-N9E CASES \T ( A HUNDR$ HE WILL BE \TVOT$ 9 HIS LOCAL CRAFT UNION & HE WILL NEV] GET A /RIKE & HE WILL NEV] MAKE A DEM& = A BETT]M5T ( HIS CONDITION4 ,I WANT TO SAY TO ! DELEGATES ( ?IS CONV5TION ?AT ?AT WAS ! FATAL WEAKNESS ( ! ,KNI<TS ( ,LABOR2 ?AT WAS ! V]Y ?+ ?AT DE/ROY$ ! ,KNI<TS ( ,LABOR1 IF Y\ PLEASE4 ,WE HAD ! CL]K1 ! BUILD+ LABOR]1 ! /REET C> MAN1 ! MILL WORK]1 ! LAUNDRY WORK] 9 EV]Y ONE ( !SE ASSEMBLIES ( ! ,KNI<TS ( ,LABOR4 ,?AT WAS ITS V]Y WEAKNESS1 & AFT] A :ILE ! ,K4 ( ,L4 F\ND ?AT IT HAD TO ORGANIZE ASSEMBLIES ( DIFF]5T TRADES & DIFF]5T CRAFTS4 ,?AT IS ! PO9T ?AT ,I AM TRY+ TO MAKE CLE> TO ?IS CONV5TION2 ?AT IF WE >E TO BE GR\P$ 9 ?IS 9DISCRIM9ATE WAY WE >E NOT GO+ TO MAKE ANY PROGRESS AT ALL4 ,IF Y\ >E GO+ TO GR\P US SIMPLY ?IS WAY NATIONALLY & !N SEP>ATE US ?IS WAY LOCALLY1 Y\ >E GO+ TO DE/ROY ! V]Y S*EME ( 9DU/RIAL UNION ?AT WE >E H]E LABOR+ SO H>D TO BR+ AB\T4 ,I WANT TO SAY TO Y\ DELEGATES ?AT !RE IS ONLY ONE FEASIBLE WAY = ?IS ORGANIZATION TO OP]ATE ON1 & ?AT IS TO ORGANIZE NATIONALLY OR LOCALLY ! 9DU/RIES AS !Y >E GR\P$ UPON ! 9DU/RIAL FIELD1 & !N :EEL 9TO L9E BEH9D EV]Y SECTION OR EV]Y 9DU/RY ?AT IS ON /RIKE OR 9 DIFFICULTY EV]Y O!R 9DU/RY ?AT COMES )9 ! CONF9ES ( ?IS ORGANIZATION4 7,APPLAUSE47 

,!RE >E ONE OR TWO FEATURES ( ?IS ?+ ?AT ,I 9T5D$ TO BR+ \T1 BUT ,I BELIEVE ) MY LA/ ILLU/RATION Y\ CAT* ! IDEA ?AT ,I AM TRY+ TO BR+ \T4 ,Y\ CAT* ! S*EME ?AT ,I BELIEVE Y\ WILL F9D Y\RSELVES 9VOLV$ 9 IF Y\ VOTE = ! PROVISION AS BR\<T 9 BY ! COMMITTEE4 ,& ,I WANT TO SAY TO EV]Y ONE ( !SE COMMITTEEM51 EV]Y S+LE SOLIT>Y ONE1 ?AT ,I WILL BE ! LA/ ON ?IS FLOOR TO CRITICIZE !IR ACTS4 ,I AM NOT /&+ ON ?IS FLOOR CRITICIZ+ ! ACTS ( ! COMMITTEE1 BUT ,I SIMPLY REALIZE ?AT !Y >E A P>T ( ?IS CONV5TION & ?AT ! CONV5TION AS A :OLE HAS A RI<T TO CRITICIZE OR AM5D OR *ANGE ANY WORK ( ANY COMMITTEE4 

,& N[1 ,MR4 ,PRESID5T1 9 CLOS+1 ,I WANT AGA9 TO APPEAL TO ?IS ORGANIZATION TO LOOK AT ?IS IF !Y CAN 9 A PRACTICAL LI<T4 ,A FEW DAYS AGO :5 ,I ADDRESS$ ?IS CONV5TION ON ! PURPOSES ( ?IS ORGANIZATION1 ,I SAID ?AT WE WANT TO FIX 9 M9D ! GOAL ( ?IS ORGANIZATION1 ! ABOLITION ( ! WAGE SY/EM4 ,BUT ,I W>N$ Y\ AT ?AT TIME ?AT 9 ORD] TO BR+ ! WAGE WORK]S 9TO AN ORGANIZATION ( ?AT K9D WE MU/ BUILD A PRACTICAL ORGANIZATION2 AN ORGANIZATION ?AT WILL GO \T H]E TO-MORR[ & BEG9 ! /RUGGLE = ! BREAD & BUTT] QUE/ION ( TO-MORR[2 AN ORGANIZATION ?AT WILL BATTLE1 IF Y\ PLEASE1 = A R$UCTION ( ! H\RS ( LABOR TOMORR[1 = AN 9CREASE ( WAGES TO-MORR[1 = ! RI<T ( ! WORK]S ( ! WORLD TO ORGANIZE TO-MORR[2 & ,I WANT ! DELEGATES TO SET ALL ?IS O!R S5TIM5T ASIDE & GIVE US = ! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK]S AN ORGANIZATION ALONG ! L9ES ( ! ,MANIFE/O ?AT HAS CALL$ US TOGE!R4 7,APPLAUSE47 

,D,E,L4 ,D,E ,L,E,O,N3 ,I RISE = 9=MATION4 ,HAVE ,I ! FLOOR TO ASK A QUE/ION8 

,! ,*,A,I,R,M,A,N3 ,YES4 

,D,E,L4 ,D,E ,L,E,O,N3 ,I W\LD LIKE TO ASK ,DELEGATE ,COATES ?R\< ! ,*AIR :E!R ,I UND]/& HIM RI<TLY TO SAY ?AT IF HIS PLAN GOES ?R\< !RE W\LD BE NO?+ ELSE TO *ANGE 9 ?IS PROPOS$ PROGRAM4 ,DID ,I UND]/& HIM TO SAY ?AT8 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,I SAID1 AS F> AS ,I KN[1 ,I DID NOT HAVE ANO!R S+LE OBJECTION4 ,!RE MAY BE1 ( C\RSE1 IF ,I F9D MYSELF MI/AK54 ,I DO NOT ?9K SO1 H[EV]4 

,D,E,L4 ,D,E ,L,E,O,N3 ,MY NEXT QUE/ION IS :E!R-- 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,JU/ A MOM5T1 BE=E Y\ ASK ME ANO!R4 ,I AM NOT GO+ TO BE TI$ UP H]E4 ,I MEANT ?AT IF !RE IS SOME?+ ?AT COMES UP ?AT IS NOT 9 CON=MITY ) ?IS AM5DM5T ,I AM GO+ TO MAKE IT RI<T4 

,D,E,L4 ,D,E ,L,E,O,N3 ,I DID NOT MEAN TO TIE HIM UP2 ,I SIMPLY MEANT TO UND]/&4 ,HE IS AN 9TELLIG5T MAN1 & SEEM$ TO UND]/& ! :OLE SCOPE ( ! CON/ITUTION1 AL?\< HE CANNOT HAVE PRES]V$ AN ACCURATE MEMORY ( EV]Y DETAIL1 BUT HE MU/ HAVE 9 HIS M9D :AT ?AT S*EME IS4 ,CONSEQU5TLY 9 PROPOS+ A ?+ ( ?IS SORT ,I UND]/& HIM ?AT IT IS HIS OP9ION ?AT HIS PLAN CAN BE SUB/ITUT$ = !SE >BITR>Y GR\PS & ! :OLE S*EME IS NOT !REBY SMA%$4 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,I ?9K NOT4 

,D,E,L4 ,D,E ,L,E,O,N3 ,I UND]/& Y\ RI<TLY4  

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,YES4 

,D,E,L4 ,D,E ,L,E,O,N3 ,MY NEXT QUE/ION TO HIM IS1 H[ MANY HEADS W\LD !RE BE 9 ?IS 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATION8 ,W\LD WE1 ACCORD+ TO HIS PLAN1 HAVE TO RECOGNIZE AN EXECUTIVE HEAD1 A C5TRAL ADM9I/RATIVE BODY8 ,( H[ MANY MEMB]S W\LD ?AT EXECUTIVE BODY CONSI/1 AS1 A RESULT ( HIS PLAN8 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,HE MI<T ASK ME1 IF IT TAKES ME TWO-&-A-HALF H\RS TO GO OV] TO MY ROOM :5 WILL ! NEXT #d? ( ,JULY OCCUR8 ,IT W\LD OCCUPY TOO MU* TIME TO GO OV] ?AT N[4 ,IF ANYBODY WANTS TO GO OV] TO MY ROOM ,I WILL GO 9TO ! MATT] FULLY4 

,D,E,L4 ,D,E ,L,E,O,N3 ,WELL1 ,I AM GLAD ( Y\R ANSW]4 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,I ?9K IT IS JU/ AB\T AS S5SIBLE AS ! QUE/ION4 ,H[ CAN ,I TELL Y\8 ,H[ CAN ANY MAN TELL H[ MANY GR\PS !RE WILL BE8 ,?AT IS JU/ EXACTLY ! REASON ,I DON'T WANT ANY L9E DRAWN4 

,D,E,L4 ,D,E ,L,E,O,N3 ,?AT ANSW] ALSO SUITS ME4 ,I N[ WANT TO ASK ! DELEGATE ?IS ?IRD QUE/ION--:E!R ,I UND]/& HIM RI<TLY TO SAY1 ?AT :5 ! CAPITALI/S WANT$ TO ORGANIZE A RAILROAD COMPANY IT IS MADE UP ( RAILROAD M58 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,NO1 ,I DIDN'T SAY ANY SU* ?+4 

,D,E,L4 ,D,E ,L,E,O,N3 ,LET ME PUT MY QUE/ION /RAI<T1 & NOT CUT MY QUE/ION 9 TWO4 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,YES4 

,D,E,L4 ,D,E ,L,E,O,N3 ,& :5 !Y WANT TO ORGANIZE A NEWSPAP] !Y GA!R AS NEWSPAP] M5 & NOT AS RAILROAD M58 

,D,E,L4 ,C,O,A,T,E,S3 ,Y\ DID NOT UND]/& ME 9 ?AT WAY4 ,I SAID ?IS1 ?AT :5 CAPITALI/S WANT TO ORGANIZE A RAILROAD !Y ORGANIZE A RAILROAD COMPANY4 ,I DID NOT SAY ! M5 ON ! RAILROAD AT ALL4 ,I SAID ?AT :5 !Y WANT$ TO PUBLI% A NEWSPAP] !Y ORGANIZ$ AS A NEWSPAP] COMPANY4  ,?AT IS :AT ,I SAID4 ,I DON'T UND]/& ! PURPORT ( ALL !SE LITTLE FOXY QUE/IONS AT ALL4 7,LAU<T] & APPLAUSE74 

,AT ?IS PO9T1 AT SIX O'CLOCK1 ! CONV5TION ADJ\RN$ UNTIL TOMORR[1 ,JULY #e?4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

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