,! ,BEG9N+ ( ! ,5D 

#ahif 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,LEO ,TOL/OY 

,TRANSLATOR 3 ,NA?AN ,HASKELL ,DOLE 

,TEXT 3 

,DUR+ LA/ YE>1 9 ,HOLL&1 A Y\NG MAN NAM$ ,VAN D] ,VE] WAS CALL$ ON TO 5T] ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>D4 ,TO ! SUMMONS ( ! COMM&]1 ,VAN D] ,VE] ANSW]$ 9 ! FOLL[+ LETT]3-- 

0,?\ ,%ALT DO NO ,MURD]40 

,TO ,M4 ,H]MAN ,SNEID]S1 ,COMM&ANT ( ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>D ( ! ,MIDELBURG DI/RICT4 

,DE> ,SIR1--,LA/ WEEK ,I RECEIV$ A DOCUM5T ORD]+ ME TO APPE> AT ! MUNICIPAL (FICE1 TO BE1 ACCORD+ TO LAW1 5LI/$ 9 ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>D4 ,AS Y\ PROBABLY NOTIC$1 ,I DID NOT APPE>1 & ?IS LETT] IS TO 9=M Y\1 PLA9LY & )\T EQUIVOCATION1 ?AT ,I DO NOT 9T5D TO APPE> BE=E ! COMMISSION4 ,I KN[ WELL ?AT ,I AM TAK+ A HEAVY RESPONSIBILITY1 ?AT Y\ HAVE ! RI<T TO PUNI% ME1 & ?AT Y\ WILL NOT FAIL TO USE ?IS RI<T4 ,BUT ?AT DOES NOT FRI<T5 ME4 ,! REASONS :I* LEAD ME TO ?IS PASSIVE RESI/ANCE SEEM TO ME /RONG 5\< TO \TWEI< ! RESPONSIBILITY ,I TAKE4 

,I1 :O1 IF Y\ PLEASE1 AM NOT A ,*RI/IAN1 UND]/& BETT] ?AN MO/ ,*RI/IANS ! COMM&M5T :I* IS PUT AT ! HEAD ( ?IS LETT]1 ! COMM&M5T :I* IS ROOT$ 9 HUMAN NATURE1 9 ! M9D ( MAN4 ,:5 BUT A BOY1 ,I ALL[$ MYSELF TO BE TAU<T ! TRADE ( SOLDI]1 ! >T ( KILL+2 BUT N[ ,I R5\NCE IT4 ,I W\LD NOT KILL AT ! COMM& ( O!RS1 & ?US HAVE MURD] ON MY CONSCI5CE )\T ANY P]SONAL CAUSE OR REASON :ATEV]4 

,CAN Y\ M5TION ANY?+ MORE DEGRAD+ TO A HUMAN BE+ ?AN C>RY+ \T SU* MURD]1 SU* MASSACRE8 ,I AM UNABLE TO KILL1 EV5 TO SEE AN ANIMAL KILL$2 !RE=E ,I BECAME A VEGET>IAN4 ,& N[ ,I AM TO BE ORD]$ TO %OOT M5 :O HAVE DONE ME NO H>M2 = ,I TAKE IT ?AT IT IS NOT TO %OOT AT LEAVES & BRAN*ES ( TREES ?AT SOLDI]S >E TAU<T TO USE GUNS4 

,BUT Y\ WILL REPLY1 P]HAPS1 ?AT ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>D IS BESIDES1 & ESPECIALLY1 TO KEEP CIVIC ORD]4 

,M4 ,COMM&ANT1 IF ORD] REALLY REIGN$ 9 \R SOCIETY1 IF ! SOCIAL ORGANISM W]E REALLY HEAL?Y--9 O!R WORDS1 IF !RE W]E 9 \R SOCIAL RELATIONS NO CRY+ ABUSES1 IF IT W]E NOT E/ABLI%$ ?AT ONE MAN %ALL DIE ( HUNG] :ILE ANO!R GRATIFIES HIS EV]Y :IM ( LUXURY1 !N Y\ W\LD SEE ME 9 ! FRONT RANKS ( ! DEF5D]S ( ?IS ORD]LY /ATE4 ,BUT ,I FLATLY DECL9E TO HELP 9 PRES]V+ ! PRES5T SO-CALL$ 0SOCIAL ORD]40 ,:Y1 ,M4 ,COMM&ANT1 %\LD WE ?R[ DU/ 9 EA* O!R'S EYES8 ,WE BO? KN[ QUITE WELL :AT ! 0PRES]VATION ( ORD]0 MEANS3 UPHOLD+ ! RI* AGA9/ ! POOR TOIL]S1 :O BEG9 TO P]CEIVE !IR RI<TS4 ,DO WE NOT KN[ ! ROLE :I* ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>D PLAY$ 9 ! LA/ /RIKE AT ,ROTT]DAM8 ,= NO REASON1 ! ,GU>D HAD TO BE ON DUTY H\RS & H\RS TO WAT* OV] ! PROP]TY ( ! COMM]CIAL H\SES :I* W]E AFFECT$4 ,CAN Y\ = A MOM5T SUPPOSE ?AT ,I %\LD %OOT D[N WORK+-PEOPLE :O >E ACT+ QUITE )9 !IR RI<TS8 ,Y\ CANNOT BE SO BL9D4 ,:Y !N COMPLICATE ! QUE/ION8 ,C]TA9LY1 IT IS IMPOSSIBLE = ME TO ALL[ MYSELF TO BE MOLD$ 9TO AN OB$I5T ,NATIONAL ,GU>DSMAN SU* AS Y\ WANT & MU/ HAVE4 

,= ALL !SE REASONS1 BUT ESPECIALLY BECAUSE ,I HATE MURD] BY ORD]1 ,I REFUSE TO S]VE AS A ,NATIONAL ,GU>DSMAN1 & ASK Y\ NOT TO S5D ME EI!R UNI=M OR >MS1 BECAUSE ,I HAVE A FIX$ RESOLVE NOT TO USE !M4--,I GREET Y\1 ,M4 ,COMM&ANT1 

,J4 ,K4 ,VAN D] ,VE]4 

,?IS LETT]1 9 MY OP9ION1 HAS GREAT IMPORTANCE4 ,REFUSALS ( MILIT>Y S]VICE 9 ,*RI/IAN /ATES BEGAN :5 9 ,*RI/IAN /ATES MILIT>Y S]VICE APPE>$4 ,OR RA!R :5 ! /ATES1 ! P[] ( :I* RE/S UPON VIOL5CE1 LAID CLAIM TO ,*RI/IANITY )\T GIV+ UP VIOL5CE4 ,9 TRU?1 IT CANNOT BE O!RWISE4 ,A ,*RI/IAN1 :OSE DOCTR9E 5JO9S UPON HIM HUMILITY1 NONRESI/ANCE TO EVIL1 LOVE TO ALL 7EV5 TO ! MO/ MALICI\S71 CANNOT BE A SOLDI]2 ?AT IS1 HE CANNOT JO9 A CLASS ( M5 :OSE BUS9ESS IS TO KILL !IR FELL[-M54 ,!RE=E IT IS ?AT !SE ,*RI/IANS HAVE ALWAYS REFUS$ & N[ REFUSE MILIT>Y S]VICE4 

,BUT ( TRUE ,*RI/IANS !RE HAVE ALWAYS BE5 BUT FEW4 ,MO/ PEOPLE 9 ,*RI/IAN C\NTRIES C\NT AS ,*RI/IANS ONLY ?OSE :O PR(ESS ! DOCTR9ES ( SOME ,*UR*1 :I* DOCTR9ES HAVE NO?+ 9 COMMON1 EXCEPT ! NAME1 ) TRUE ,*RI/IANITY4 ,?AT OCCASIONALLY ONE 9 T5S ( ?\S&S ( RECRUITS %\LD REFUSE TO S]VE DID NOT TR\BLE ! HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S1 ! MILLIONS1 ( M5 :O EV]Y YE> ACCEPT$ MILIT>Y S]VICE4 

,IMPOSSIBLE ?AT ! :OLE 5ORM\S MAJORITY ( ,*RI/IANS :O 5T] UPON MILIT>Y S]VICE >E WRONG1 & ONLY ! EXCEPTIONS1 SOMETIMES UN$UCAT$ PEOPLE1 >E RI<T2 :ILE EV]Y >*BI%OP & MAN ( LE>N+ ?9KS ! S]VICE COMPATIBLE ) ,*RI/IANITY4 ,SO ?9K ! MAJORITY1 &1 UNTR\BL$ REG>D+ !MSELVES AS ,*RI/IANS1 !Y 5T] ! RANK ( MURD]]S4 ,BUT N[ APPE>S A MAN :O1 AS HE HIMSELF SAYS1 IS NOT A ,*RI/IAN1 & :O REFUSES MILIT>Y S]VICE1 NOT FROM RELIGI\S MOTIVES1 BUT FROM MOTIVES ( ! SIMPLE/ K9D1 MOTIVES 9TELLIGIBLE & COMMON TO ALL M51 ( :ATEV] RELIGION OR NATION1 :E!R ,CA?OLIC1 ,MOHAMM$AN1 ,BUDDHI/1 ,CONFUCIAN1 :E!R ,SPANI>DS OR ,JAPANESE4 

,VAN D] ,VE] REFUSES MILIT>Y S]VICE1 NOT BECAUSE HE FOLL[S ! COMM&M5T1 0,?\ %ALT DO NO MURD]10 NOT BECAUSE HE IS A ,*RI/IAN1 BUT BECAUSE HE HOLDS MURD] TO BE OPPOS$ TO HUMAN NATURE4 ,HE WRITES ?AT HE SIMPLY ABHORS ALL KILL+1 & ABHORS IT TO SU* A DEGREE ?AT HE BECOMES A VEGET>IAN JU/ TO AVOID P>TICIPATION 9 ! KILL+ ( ANIMALS2 &1 ABOVE ALL1 HE SAYS1 HE REFUSES MILIT>Y S]VICE BECAUSE HE ?9KS 0MURD] BY ORD]10 ?AT IS1 ! OBLIGATION TO KILL ?OSE :OM ONE IS ORD]$ TO KILL 7:I* IS ! REAL NATURE ( MILIT>Y S]VICE71 IS 9COMPATIBLE ) MAN'S UPRI<TNESS4 

,ALLUD+ TO ! USUAL OBJECTION ?AT IF HE REFUSES O!RS WILL FOLL[ HIS EXAMPLE1 & ! PRES5T SOCIAL ORD] WILL BE DE/ROY$1 HE ANSW]S ?AT HE DOES NOT WI% TO PRES]VE ! PRES5T SOCIAL ORD]1 BECAUSE IT IS BAD1 BECAUSE 9 IT ! RI* DOM9ATE ! POOR1 :I* \<T NOT TO BE4 ,SO ?AT1 EV5 IF HE HAD ANY O!R D\BT AS TO ! PROPRIETY ( S]V+ OR NOT S]V+1 ! ONE CONSID]ATION ?AT 9 S]V+ AS A SOLDI] HE MU/1 BY C>RY+ >MS & ?REAT5+ TO KILL1 SUPPORT ! OPPRESS+ RI* AGA9/ ! OPPRESS$ POOR1 W\LD COMPEL HIM TO REFUSE MILIT>Y S]VICE4 

,IF ,VAN D] ,VE] W]E TO GIVE AS ! REASON = HIS REFUSAL HIS ADH]5CE TO ! ,*RI/IAN RELIGION1 ?OSE :O N[ JO9 ! MILIT>Y S]VICE C\LD SAY1 0,WE >E NO SECT>IANS1 & DO NOT ACKN[L$GE ,*RI/IANITY2 !RE=E WE DO NOT SEE ! NE$ TO ACT AS Y\ DO40 

,BUT ! REASONS GIV5 BY ,VAN D] ,VE] >E SO SIMPLE1 CLE>1 & UNIV]SAL ?AT IT IS IMPOSSIBLE NOT TO APPLY !M EA* TO HIS [N CASE4 ,AS ?+S >E1 TO D5Y ! =CE ( !SE REASONS 9 ONE'S [N CASE1 ONE MU/ SAY3-- 

0,I LIKE KILL+1 & AM READY TO KILL1 NOT ONLY EVIL-DISPOS$ PEOPLE1 BUT MY [N OPPRESS$ & UN=TUNATE FELL[-C\NTRYM51 & ,I P]CEIVE NO?+ WRONG 9 ! PROMISE TO KILL1 AT ! ORD] ( ! FIR/ (FIC] :O COMES ACROSS ME1 :OMEV] HE BIDS ME KILL40 

,H]E IS A Y\NG MAN4 ,9 :ATEV] SURR\ND+S1 FAMILY1 CRE$1 HE HAS BE5 BR\<T UP1 HE HAS BE5 TAU<T ?AT HE MU/ BE GOOD1 ?AT IT IS BAD TO /RIKE & KILL1 NOT ONLY M51 BUT EV5 ANIMALS2 HE HAS BE5 TAU<T ?AT A MAN MU/ VALUE HIS UPRI<TNESS1 :I* UPRI<TNESS CONSI/S 9 ACT+ ACCORD+ TO CONSCI5CE4 ,?IS IS EQUALLY TAU<T TO ! ,CONFUCIAN 9 ,*9A1 ! ,%9TOI/ 9 ,JAPAN1 ! ,BUDDHI/1 & ! ,MOHAMM$AN4 ,SUDD5LY1 AFT] BE+ TAU<T ALL ?IS1 HE 5T]S ! MILIT>Y S]VICE1 :]E HE IS REQUIR$ TO DO ! PRECISE OPPOSITE ( :AT HE HAS BE5 TAU<T4 ,HE IS TOLD TO FIT HIMSELF = W\ND+ & KILL+1 NOT ANIMALS1 BUT M52 HE IS TOLD TO R5\NCE HIS 9DEP5D5CE AS A MAN1 & OBEY1 9 ! BUS9ESS ( MURD]1 M5 :OM HE DOES NOT KN[1 UTT] /RANG]S TO HIM4 

,TO SU* A COMM&1 :AT RI<T ANSW] CAN A MAN ( \R DAY MAKE8 ,SURELY1 ONLY ?IS1 0,I DO NOT WI% TO1 & ,I WILL NOT40 

,EXACTLY ?IS ANSW] ,VAN D] ,VE] GIVES4 ,& IT IS H>D TO 9V5T ANY REPLY TO HIM & TO ?OSE :O1 9 A SIMIL> POSITION1 DO AS HE DOES4 

,ONE MAY NOT SEE ?IS PO9T1 ?R\< ATT5TION NOT HAV+ BE5 CALL$ TO IT2 ONE MAY NOT UND]/& ! IMPORT ( AN ACTION1 AS LONG AS IT REMA9S UNEXPLA9$4 ,BUT ONCE PO9T$ \T & EXPLA9$1 ONE CAN NO LONG] FAIL TO SEE1 OR FEIGN BL9DNESS TO :AT IS QUITE OBVI\S4 

,!RE MAY /ILL BE F\ND M5 :O DO NOT REFLECT UPON !IR ACTION 9 5T]+ MILIT>Y S]VICE1 & M5 :O WANT W> ) =EIGN PEOPLE1 & M5 :O W\LD CONT9UE ! OPPRESSION ( ! LABOR+ CLASS1 & EV5 M5 :O LIKE MURD] = MURD]'S SAKE4 ,SU* M5 CAN CONT9UE AS SOLDI]S2 BUT EV5 !Y CANNOT N[ FAIL TO KN[ ?AT !RE >E O!RS1 ! BE/ M5 9 ! WORLD1--NOT ONLY AMONG ,*RI/IANS1 BUT AMONG ,MOHAMM$ANS1 ,BRAHMANI/S1 ,BUDDHI/S1 ,CONFUCIANS1--:O LOOK UPON W> & SOLDI]S ) AV]SION & CONTEMPT1 & :OSE NUMB] GR[S H\RLY4 ,NO >GUM5TS CAN TALK AWAY ?IS PLA9 FACT1 ?AT A MAN ) ANY S5SE ( HIS [N DIGNITY CANNOT 5?RALL$ HIMSELF TO AN UNKN[N1 OR EV5 A KN[N1 MA/] :OSE BUS9ESS IS KILL+4 ,N[ JU/ 9 ?IS CONSI/S MILIT>Y S]VICE1 ) ALL ITS COMPULSION ( DISCIPL9E4 

0,BUT CONSID] ! CONSEQU5CES TO HIM :O REFUSES10 ,I AM TOLD4 0,IT IS ALL V]Y WELL = Y\1 AN OLD MAN EXEMPT$ FROM ?IS EXACTION1 & SAFE BY Y\R POSITION1 TO PREA* M>TYRDOM2 BUT :AT AB\T ?OSE TO :OM Y\ PREA*1 & :O1 BELIEV+ 9 Y\1 REFUSE TO S]VE1 & RU9 !IR Y\NG LIVES80 

0,BUT :AT CAN ,I DO80--,I ANSW] ?OSE :O SPEAK ?US4--0,BECAUSE ,I AM OLD1 MU/ ,I !RE=E NOT PO9T \T ! EVIL :I* ,I CLE>LY1 UNQUE/IONABLY SEE1 SEE+ IT PRECISELY BECAUSE ,I AM OLD & HAVE LIV$ & ?\<T = LONG8 ,MU/ A MAN :O /&S ON ! F> SIDE ( ! RIV]1 BEYOND ! REA* ( ?AT RUFFIAN :OM HE SEES COMPELL+ ONE MAN TO MURD] ANO!R1 NOT CRY \T TO ! SLAY]1 BIDD+ HIM TO REFRA91 = ! REASON ?AT SU* 9T]F]5CE WILL /ILL MORE 5RAGE ! RUFFIAN8 ,MOREOV]1 ,I BY NO MEANS SEE :Y ! GOV]NM5T1 P]SECUT+ ?OSE :O REFUSE MILIT>Y S]VICE1 DOES NOT TURN ITS PUNI%M5T UPON ME1 RECOGNIZ+ 9 ME AN 9/IGATOR4 ,I AM NOT TOO OLD = P]SECUTION1 = ANY & ALL SORTS ( PUNI%M5TS1 & MY POSITION IS A DEF5SELESS ONE4 ,AT ALL EV5TS1 :E!R BLAM$ & P]SECUT$ OR NOT1 :E!R ?OSE :O REFUSE MILIT>Y S]VICE >E P]SECUT$ OR NOT1 ,I1 :IL/ ,I LIVE1 WILL NOT CEASE FROM SAY+ :AT ,I N[ SAY2 = ,I CANNOT REFRA9 FROM ACT+ ACCORD+ TO MY CONSCI5CE40 ,JU/ 9 ?IS V]Y ?+ IS ,*RI/IAN TRU? P[]FUL1 IRRESI/IBLE2 NAMELY1 ?AT1 BE+ ! TEA*+ ( TRU?1 9 AFFECT+ M5 IT IS NOT TO BE GOV]N$ BY \TSIDE CONSID]ATIONS4 ,:E!R Y\NG OR OLD1 :E!R P]SECUT$ OR NOT1 HE :O ADOPTS ! ,*RI/IAN1 ! TRUE1 CONCEPTION ( LIFE1 CANNOT %R9K FROM ! CLAIMS ( HIS CONSCI5CE4 ,9 ?IS IS ! ESS5CE & PECULI>ITY ( ,*RI/IANITY1 DI/+UI%+ IT FROM ALL O!R RELIGI\S TEA*+S2 & 9 ?IS IS ITS UNCONQU]ABLE P[]4 

,VAN D] ,VE] SAYS HE IS NOT A ,*RI/IAN4 ,BUT ! MOTIVES ( HIS REFUSAL & ACTION >E ,*RI/IAN4 ,HE REFUSES BECAUSE HE DOES NOT WI% TO KILL A BRO!R MAN2 HE DOES NOT OBEY1 BECAUSE ! COMM&S ( HIS CONSCI5CE >E MORE B9D+ UPON HIM ?AN ! COMM&S ( M54 ,PRECISELY ON ?IS ACC\NT IS ,VAN D] ,VE]'S REFUSAL SO IMPORTANT4 ,!REBY HE %[S ?AT ,*RI/IANITY IS NOT A SECT OR CRE$ :I* SOME MAY PR(ESS & O!RS REJECT2 BUT ?AT IT IS NAU<T ELSE ?AN A LIFE'S FOLL[+ ( ?AT LI<T ( REASON :I* ILLUM9ES ALL M54 ,! M]IT ( ,*RI/IANITY IS NOT ?AT IT PRESCRIBES TO M5 SU* & SU* ACTS1 BUT ?AT IT =ESEES & PO9TS \T ! WAY BY :I* ALL MANK9D MU/ GO & DOES GO4 

,?OSE M5 :O N[ BEHAVE RI<TLY & REASONABLY DO SO1 NOT BECAUSE !Y FOLL[ PRESCRIPTIONS ( ,*RI/1 BUT BECAUSE ?AT L9E ( ACTION :I* WAS PO9T$ \T EI<TE5 HUNDR$ YE>S AGO HAS N[ BECOME ID5TIFI$ ) HUMAN CONSCI5CE4 

,?IS IS :Y ,I ?9K ! ACTION & LETT] ( ,VAN D] ,VE] >E ( GREAT IMPORT4 

,AS A FIRE LIT ON A PRAIRIE OR 9 A =E/ WILL NOT DIE \T UNTIL IT HAS BURN$ ALL ?AT IS DRY & DEAD1 & !RE=E COMBU/IBLE1 SO ! TRU?1 ONCE >TICULAT$ 9 HUMAN UTT]ANCE1 WILL NOT CEASE ITS WORK UNTIL ALL FALSEHOOD1 APPO9T$ = DE/RUCTION1 SURR\ND+ & HID+ ! TRU? ON ALL SIDES AS IT DOES1 IS DE/ROY$4 ,! FIRE SMOLD]S LONG2 BUT AS SOON AS IT FLA%ES 9TO FLAME1 ALL ?AT CAN BURN BURNS QUICKLY4 

,SO ) ! TRU?1 :I* TAKES LONG TO REA* A RI<T EXPRESSION1 BUT ONCE ?AT CLE> EXPRESSION 9 WORD IS GIV51 FALSEHOOD & WRONG >E SOON TO BE DE/ROY$4 ,ONE ( ! P>TIAL MANIFE/ATIONS ( ,*RI/IANITY1--! IDEA ?AT M5 CAN LIVE )\T ! 9/ITUTION ( SLAV]Y1--AL?\< IT HAD BE5 9CLUD$ 9 ! ,*RI/IAN CONCEPT1 WAS CLE>LY EXPRESS$1 SO IT SEEMS TO ME1 ONLY BY WRIT]S AT ! 5D ( ! EI<TE5? C5TURY4 ,UP TO ?AT TIME1 NOT ONLY ! ANCI5T PAGANS1 AS ,PLATO & ,>I/OTLE1 BUT EV5 M5 NE> TO US 9 TIME1 & ,*RI/IANS1 C\LD NOT IMAG9E A HUMAN SOCIETY )\T SLAV]Y4 ,?OMAS ,MORE C\LD NOT IMAG9E EV5 A ,UTOPIA )\T SLAV]Y4 ,SO ALSO M5 ( ! BEG9N+ ( ?IS C5TURY C\LD NOT IMAG9E ! LIFE ( MAN )\T W>4 ,ONLY AFT] ! ,NAPOLEONIC W>S WAS ! IDEA CLE>LY EXPRESS$ ?AT MAN CAN LIVE )\T W>4 ,& N[ A HUNDR$ YE>S HAVE GONE S9CE ! FIR/ CLE> EXPRESSION ( ! IDEA ?AT MANK9D CAN LIVE )\T SLAV]Y2 & !RE IS NO LONG] SLAV]Y 9 ,*RI/IAN NATIONS4 ,& !RE %ALL NOT PASS AWAY ANO!R HUNDR$ YE>S AFT] ! CLE> UTT]ANCE ( ! IDEA ?AT MANK9D CAN LIVE )\T W>1 BE=E W> %ALL CEASE TO BE4 ,V]Y LIKELY SOME =M ( >M$ VIOL5CE WILL REMA91 JU/ AS WAGE-LABOR REMA9S AFT] ! ABOLITION ( SLAV]Y2 BUT1 AT LEA/1 W>S & >MIES WILL BE ABOLI%$ 9 ! \TRAGE\S =M1 SO REPUGNANT TO REASON & MORAL S5SE1 9 :I*  
!Y N[ EXI/4 

,SIGNS ?AT ?IS TIME IS NE> >E MANY4 ,!SE SIGNS >E SU* AS ! HELPLESS POSITION ( GOV]NM5TS1 :I* MORE & MORE 9CREASE !IR >MAM5TS2 ! MULTIPLICATION ( TAXATION & ! DISCONT5T ( ! NATIONS2 ! EXTREME DEGREE ( EFFICI5CY ) :I* DEADLY  
WEAPONS >E CON/RUCT$2 ! ACTIVITY ( CONGRESSES & SOCIETIES ( PEACE2 BUT ABOVE ALL1 ! REFUSALS ( 9DIVIDUALS TO TAKE MILIT>Y S]VICE4 ,9 !SE REFUSALS IS ! KEY TO ! SOLUTION ( ! QUE/ION4 ,Y\ SAY ?AT MILIT>Y S]VICE IS NECESS>Y2 ?AT1 )\T SOLDI]S1 DISA/]S WILL HAPP5 TO US4 ,?AT MAY BE2 BUT1 HOLD+ ! IDEA ( RI<T & WRONG :I* IS UNIV]SAL AMONG M5 TO-DAY1 Y\RSELVES 9CLUD$1 ,I CANNOT KILL M5 TO ORD]4 ,SO ?AT IF1 AS Y\ SAY1 MILIT>Y S]VICE IS ESS5TIAL--!N >RANGE IT 9 SOME WAY NOT SO CONTRADICTORY TO MY1 & Y\R1 CONSCI5CE4 ,BUT1 UNTIL Y\ HAVE SO >RANG$ IT1 DO NOT CLAIM FROM ME :AT IS AGA9/ MY  
CONSCI5CE1 :I* ,I CAN BY NO MEANS DISOBEY4 

,?US1 9EVITABLY1 & V]Y SOON1 MU/ ANSW] ALL HONE/ & REASONABLE M52 NOT ONLY ! M5 ( ,*RI/5DOM1 BUT EV5 ,MOHAMM$ANS & ! SO-CALL$ HEA!N1 ! ,BRAHMANI/S1 ,BUDDHI/S1 & ,CONFUCIANS4 ,MAYBE1  
BY ! P[] ( 9]TIA1 ! SOLDI]+ TRADE WILL GO ON = SOME TIME TO COME2 BUT EV5 N[ ! QUE/ION /&S SOLV$ 9 ! HUMAN CONSCI5CE1 & ) EV]Y DAY1 EV]Y H\R1 MORE & MORE M5 COME TO ! SAME SOLUTION2 & TO /AY ! MOVEM5T IS1 AT ?IS JUNCTURE1 NOT  
POSSIBLE4 ,EV]Y RECOGNITION ( A TRU? BY MAN1 OR RA!R1 EV]Y DELIV]ANCE FROM AN ]ROR1 AS 9 ! CASE ( SLAV]Y BE=E \R EYES1 IS ALWAYS ATTA9$ ?R\< A CONFLICT BETWE5 ! AWAK5+ CONSCI5CE & ! 9]TIA ( ! OLD CONDITION4 

,AT FIR/ ! 9]TIA IS SO P[]FUL1 ! CONSCI5CE SO WEAK1 ?AT ! FIR/ ATTEMPT TO ESCAPE FROM ]ROR IS MET ONLY ) A/ONI%M5T4 ,! NEW TRU? SEEMS MADNESS4 ,IS IT PROPOS$ TO LIVE )\T SLAV]Y8 ,!N :O WILL WORK8 ,IS IT PROPOS$ TO LIVE )\T FI<T+8 ,!N EV]YBODY WILL COME & CONQU] US4 

,BUT ! P[] ( CONSCI5CE GR[S1 9]TIA WEAK5S1 & A/ONI%M5T IS *ANG+ TO SNE]S & CONTEMPT4 0,! ,HOLY ,SCRIPTURES ACKN[L$GE MA/]S & SLAVES4 ,!SE RELATIONS HAVE ALWAYS BE51 & N[ COME !SE WISEACRES :O WANT TO *ANGE ! :OLE WORLD20 SO M5 SPOKE CONC]N+ SLAV]Y4 0,ALL ! SCI5TI/S & PHILOSOPH]S RECOGNIZE ! LAWFULNESS1 & EV5 SACR$NESS1 ( W>2 & >E WE IMM$IATELY TO BELIEVE ?AT !RE IS NO NE$ ( W>80 

 ,SO M5 SPEAK CONC]N+ W>4 ,BUT CONSCI5CE CONT9UES TO GR[ & TO BECOME CLE>2 ! NUMB] 9CREASES ( ?OSE :O RECOGNIZE ! NEW TRU?1 & SNE] & CONTEMPT GIVE PLACE TO SUBT]FUGE & TRICK]Y4 ,?OSE :O SUPPORT ! ]ROR MAKE SL[ TO UND]/& & ADMIT ! 9CONGRUITY & CRUELTY ( ! PRACTICE !Y DEF5D1 BUT ?9K ITS ABOLITION IMPOSSIBLE JU/ N[1 SO DELAY+ ITS ABOLITION 9DEF9ITELY4 0,:O DOES NOT KN[ ?AT SLAV]Y IS AN EVIL8 ,BUT M5 >E NOT YET RIPE  
= FRE$OM1 & LIB]ATION WILL PRODUCE HORRIBLE DISA/]S0--M5 US$ TO SAY CONC]N+ SLAV]Y1 =TY YE>S AGO4 0,:O DOES NOT KN[ ?AT W> IS AN EVIL8 ,BUT :ILE MANK9D IS /ILL SO BE/IAL1 ABOLITION ( >MIES  
WILL DO MORE H>M ?AN GOOD10 M5 SAY CONC]N+ W> TO-DAY4 

,NEV]!LESS1 ! IDEA IS DO+ ITS WORK2 IT GR[S1 IT BURNS ! FALSEHOOD2 & ! TIME HAS COME :5 ! MADNESS1 ! USELESSNESS1 ! H>MFULNESS1 & WICK$NESS ( ! ]ROR >E SO CLE> 7AS IT HAPP5$ 9 ! SIXTIES ) SLAV]Y 9 ,RUSSIA & ,AM]ICA7 ?AT EV5 N[ IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO JU/IFY IT4 ,SU* IS ! PRES5T POSITION AS TO W>4 ,JU/ AS1 9 ! SIXTIES1 NO ATTEMPTS W]E MADE TO JU/IFY SLAV]Y1 BUT ONLY TO MA9TA9 IT2 SO TO-DAY NO MAN ATTEMPTS ANY LONG] TO JU/IFY W> &  
>MIES1 BUT ONLY TRIES1 9 SIL5CE1 TO USE ! 9]TIA :I* /ILL SUPPORTS !M1 KN[+ V]Y WELL ?AT ?IS CRUEL & IMMORAL ORGANIZATION = MURD]1 :I* SEEMS SO P[]FUL1 MAY AT ANY MOM5T CRUMBLE D[N1 NEV] MORE TO BE RAIS$4 

,ONCE A DROP ( WAT] OOZES ?R\< ! DAM1 ONCE A BRICK FALLS \T FROM A GREAT BUILD+1 ONCE A ME% COMES LOOSE 9 ! /RONGE/ NET--! DAM BUR/S1 ! BUILD+ FALLS1 ! NET UNWEAVES4 ,SU* A DROP1 SU* A BRICK1 SU* A LOOS$ ME%1 IT SEEMS TO ME1 IS ! REFUSAL ( ,VAN D] ,VE]1 EXPLA9$ BY REASONS UNIV]SAL TO ALL MANK9D4 

,UPON ?IS REFUSAL ( ,VAN D] ,VE] LIKE REFUSALS MU/ FOLL[ MORE & MORE (T54 ,AS SOON AS !SE BECOME NUM]\S1 ! V]Y M5 7!IR NAME IS LEGION7 :O ! DAY BE=E SAID1 0,IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO LIVE )\T W>10 WILL SAY AT ONCE ?AT !Y HAVE ?IS LONG TIME DECL>$ ! MADNESS & IMMORALITY ( W>1 & !Y WILL ADVISE EV]YBODY TO FOLL[ ,VAN D] ,VE]'S EXAMPLE4 ,!N1 ( W>S & >MIES1 AS !SE >E N[1 !RE WILL  
REMA9 ONLY ! RECOLLECTION4 

,& ?IS TIME IS COM+4 

,JANU>Y #f1 #a#h#i#g4  

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