,! ,CELEBRATION ( ,SUNDAY 

#ahci 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PI]RE-,JOSEPH ,PR\DHON 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,SUZANNE ,NEUBAU]1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C-,N,D ,LIC5SE ,PREFACE 

,! CELEBRAT$ ,SIR ,FRANCIS ,BACON WAS CALL$ ! RE=M] ( HUMAN REASON = HAV+ REPLAC$ ! SYLLOGISM ) OBS]VATION 9 ! NATURAL SCI5CES2 ! PHILOSOPH]S1 FOLL[+ HIS EXAMPLE1 TEA* TODAY ?AT PHILOSOPHY IS A COLLECTION ( OBS]VATIONS & FACTS4 ,BUT1 C]TA9 ?9K]S HAVE SAID TO !M1 IF TRU? & C]TA9TY EXI/ 9 PHILOSOPHY1 !Y MU/ ALSO EXI/ 9 ! REALM ( POLITICS3 ?US1 !RE IS A SOCIAL SCI5CE RESPONSIVE TO EVID5CE1 :I* IS CONSEQU5TLY ! OBJECT ( DEMON/RATION1 NOT ( >T OR AU?ORITY1 NOT1 ?AT IS1 ( >BITR>Y WILL4 

,?IS CONCLUSION1 SO PR(\ND 9 ITS SIMPLICITY1 SO 9NOVATIVE 9 ITS CONSEQU5CES1 HAS BE5 ! SIGNAL = A VA/ 9TELLECTUAL MOVEM5T1 COMP>ABLE ) ?AT :I* MANIFE/$ ITSELF 9 ! ,ROMAN EMPIRE1 AT ! TIME ( ! E/ABLI%M5T ( ,*RI/IANITY4 ,WE HAVE SET \RSELVES TO SEEK ! NEW SCI5CE2 & AS ! 9VE/IGATION CANNOT BEG9 ) ANY?+ BUT CRITIQUE1 WE HAVE >RIV$ ME?ODICALLY AT ! NEGATION ( EV]Y?+ ?AT MAKES UP & SU/A9S SOCIETY4 

,?US WE HAVE ASK$3 ,:AT IS ROYALTY8 ,& ! RESPONSE HAS BE53 ,A MY?4 

,:AT IS RELIGION8 -- ,A DREAM ( ! M9D4 

,:AT IS ,GOD8 -- ,AN ET]NAL ,X4 

,:AT IS PROP]TY8 -- ,IT IS !FT4 

,:AT IS COMMUNITY8 -- ,IT IS DEA?4 

,*RI/IANITY SIGNAL$ ITS 5TRY 9TO ! WORLD 9 ABSOLUTELY ! SAME WAY2 BE=E POSIT+ ITS DOGMA1 IT SAID TO ITSELF3 

,:AT IS ,CES>8 -- ,NO?+4 

,:AT IS ! REPUBLIC8 -- ,NO?+4 

,:AT IS ,JUPIT]8 -- ,NO?+4 

,:AT IS NOBILITY1 PHILOSOPHY1 GLORY8 -- ,NO?+4 

,! NEGATION ?AT ,*RI/IANITY BEGAN AGA9/ ANCI5T SOCIETY WAS !N PURSU$ AGA9/ ,*RI/IANITY ITSELF2 & WE TOLD \RSELVES ?AT ! TRU? W\LD APPE> TO US ONLY AFT] WE HAD DEMOLI%$ EV]Y?+4 ,:5 WILL ?IS BE ACCOMPLI%$8 ,BUT1 IF ! PRES5T & ! PA/ CANNOT GIVE US TRU? 9 ITS ESS5TIAL =M1 !Y CONTA9 IT SUB/ANTIALLY1 S9CE TRU? IS ET]NAL1 & ET]NALLY MANIFE/S ITSELF4 ,IT IS ?US AS MU* 9 ! 9/ITUTIONS ?AT HAVE BE5 DE/ROY$1 OR >E AT ! PO9T ( DISAPPE>+1 AS IT IS 9 ! FACTS ?AT SPR+ UP ANEW EA* DAY1 ?AT WE %\LD SEEK TRU? 9 ITSELF1 ! FACE-TO-FACE CONTEMPLATION ( ! ABSOLUTE1 SICULI E/1 FACIE AD FACIEM4 

,AMONG ! MONUM5TS ( ANTIQUITY1 ! LAWS ( ,MOSES >E UNQUE/IONABLY ?OSE ?AT HAVE MO/ OCCUPI$ ! M$ITATIONS ( ! SAVANTS4 ,= \RSELVES1 ! SUBLIMITY ( ! MOSAIC SY/EM W\LD A/ONI% US1 P]HAPS1 IF WE DID NOT KN[ ?AT BY VIRTUE ( ! LAWS ( HUMAN UND]/&+1 EV]Y PRIMITIVE IDEA BE+ NECESS>ILY UNIV]SAL1 EV]Y PRIMITIVE LEGISLATION MU/ HAVE BE5 A SUMM>Y ( PHILOSOPHY1 A RUDIM5T ( KN[L$GE4 ,:AT WE HAVE TAK5 = PR(UNDITY & DIV9E 9SPIRATION 9 ,MOSES & ! O!R LEGISLATORS ( ANTIQUITY WAS1 AT BASE1 ONLY A G5]AL 9TUITION & APHORI/IC CONCEPTION2 AS = ITS =M1 IT WAS ! LIV+ & SPONTANE\S EXPRESSION ( ! FIR/ APP]CEPTIONS ( CONSCI\SNESS4 

,BUT H[ DID ! ,SABBA? BECOME1 9 ! ?\<T ( ,MOSES1 ! PIVOT & RALLY+ SYMBOL ( ,JEWI% SOCIETY8 ,ANO!R LAW ( ! 9TELLIG5CE WILL EXPLA9 IT TO US4 

,9 ! SPH]E ( PURE IDEAS1 EV]Y?+ IS CONNECT$1 SUPPORT$ & DEMON/RAT$1 NOT ACCORD+ TO ! ORD] ( FILIATION1 OR ! PR9CIPLE ( CONSEQU5CES1 BUT ACCORD+ TO ! ORD] ( COEXI/5CE OR COORD9ATION ( RELATIONS4 ,H]E1 AS 9 ! UNIV]SE1 ! C5T] IS EV]Y:]E & ! CIRCUMF]5CE NO:]E2 ?AT IS1 EV]Y?+ IS AT ONCE PR9CIPLE & CONSEQU5CE1 AXIS & RADIUS4 ,MOSES1 HAV+ TO =MULATE ! TOTALITY ( HIS LAWS BY D$UCTION1 WAS FREE TO *OOSE = ! CULM9AT+ PO9T ( HIS SY/EM :ATEV] ECONOMIC OR MORAL IDEA HE WANT$4 ,HE PREF]R$ ! WEEKLY DIVISION ( TIME1 BECAUSE HE NE$$ A S5SIBLE & P[]FUL SYMBOL :I* CON/ANTLY RECALL$ TO ! HORDES ( SEMI-SAVAGE ,ISRAEL ! FEEL+S ( NATIONALITY1 FRAT]NITY & UNITY1 )\T :I* ANY SUBSEQU5T DEVELOPM5T WAS IMPOSSIBLE4 ,! ,SABBA? WAS LIKE ! COMMON MEET+ GR\ND :]E ALL ! ,HEBREWS %\LD GA!R !MSELVES 9 SPIRIT1 AT ! BEG9N+ ( EA* WEEK2 ! MONUM5T ?AT EXPRESS$ !IR POLITICAL EXI/5CE1 ! L9K ?AT HELD TOGE!R ALL !IR 9/ITUTIONS4 ,?US1 PUBLIC & CIVIL RI<T1 MUNICIPAL ADM9I/RATION1 $UCATION1 GOV]NM5T1 WOR%IP1 CU/OMS1 HYGI5E1 FAMILY & CITY RELATIONS1 LIB]TY1 PUBLIC ORD]3 ! ,SABBA? SUPPOS$ ALL !SE ?+S1 =TIFI$ !M & CREAT$ !IR H>MONY4 

,! AU?OR ( ?IS DISC\RSE HAS BE5 REPROV$ = L5D+ TO ,MOSES VIEWS ?AT C\LD NOT HAVE BE5 HIS [N1 BUT ?IS REPROA* IS UNREASONABLE4 ,TODAY1 IT IS MU* LESS A QUE/ION ( KN[+ :AT ! 9DIVIDUAL :O WROTE !M ?\<T ( !SE LAWS1 ?AN IT IS TO KN[ ! V]Y SPIRIT ( HIS LEGISLATION4 ,C]TA9LY ,MOSES WAS NOT ?9K+ ( ! ,CA?OLICS OR PROTE/ANTS2 H[EV]1 ! VIGOR ( ! 9/ITUTION ( ! ,SABBA? WAS SU*1 ?AT ! ,JEWS PASS$ IT ON TO ! ,*RI/IANS & ! ,MOHAMM$ANS2 ?AT FROM !M IT EXT5D$ >\ND ! GLOBE2 & ?AT IT WILL \TLIVE ALL ! RELIGIONS1 EMBRAC+ )9 ITS VA/ REA* PREHI/ORIC TIMES & ! MO/ DI/ANT FUTURE AGES4 

,WE DO NOT KN[ :O FIR/ IMAG9$ ! DIVISION ( TIME 9TO WEEKS4 ,IT D\BTLESS SPRUNG FROM ?AT SPONTANE\S G5IUS1 A SORT ( MAGNETIC VISION1 :I* DISCOV]$ ! FIR/ >TS1 DEVELOP$ LANGUAGE1 9V5T$ WRIT+1 CREAT$ SY/EMS ( RELIGION & PHILOSOPHY3 A M>VEL\S FACULTY1 ! PROCESSES ( :I* ELUDE ANALYSIS1 & ?AT REFLECTION1 ANO!R RIVAL & PROGRESSIVE FACULTY1 WEAK5S GRADUALLY )\T EV] BE+ ABLE TO MAKE IT DISAPPE>4 

,TODAY1 :5 ! QUE/IONS ( LABOR & WAGES1 ( 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATION & NATIONAL WORK%OPS1 ( POLITICAL & SOCIAL RE=M1 OCCUPY PUBLIC ATT5TION TO ! HI<E/ DEGREE1 WE BELIEVE A LEGISLATION BAS$ ON A !ORY ( REPOSE1 IF WE CAN PUT IT ?IS WAY1 C\LD BE USEFUL4 ,NO?+ COMP>ABLE TO ! ,SABBA?1 BE=E OR S9CE ! LEGISLATOR ( ! ,S9AI1 HAS BE5 IMAG9$ & PUT 9TO PRACTICE4 ,SUNDAY1 ! ,*RI/IAN ,SABBA?1 = :I* RESPECT SEEMS TO HAVE DIM9I%$1 WILL BE REVIV$ 9 ALL ITS SPL5DOR1 :5 ! GU>ANTEE ( LABOR IS WON1 ) ! WELL-BE+ ?AT IS ITS PRIZE4 ,! WORK+ CLASSES >E TOO 9T]E/$ 9 ! MA9T5ANCE ( ! DOM9ICAL HOLIDAY TO EV] LET IT P]I%4 ,?US ALL WILL CELEBRATE ! DAY1 EV5 ?\< !Y DON'T ATT5D ! MASS3 & ! PEOPLE WILL SEE1 BY ?IS EXAMPLE1 H[ IT IS POSSIBLE ?AT A RELIGION BE FALSE1 & ! CONT5TS ( ?AT RELIGION BE TRUE AT ! SAME TIME2 ?AT TO PHILOSOPHIZE AB\T DOGMA IS TO R5\NCE FAI?2 TO TRANS=M A RELIGION IS TO ABOLI% IT4 ,! PRIE/S1 ) !IR SCI5TIFIC T5D5CIES1 M>* T[>D ?AT 9EVITABLE CONCLUSION3 LET !M P>DON US = HAV+ GONE BE=E !M1 & NOT REFUSE US ! F9AL B5$ICTION1 BECAUSE WE HAVE >RIV$ FIR/ AT ! TOMB ( RELIGION4 

,! ,C,E,L,E,B,R,A,T,I,O,N ,( ,S,U,N,D,A,Y 

0,REMEMB] ! ,SABBA? DAY1 TO KEEP IT HOLY4 

0,SIX DAYS %ALL ?\ LABOR1 & DO ALL ?Y WORK4 

0,BUT ! SEV5? DAY IS ! RE/ ( ! ,LORD3 9 IT ?\ %ALL NOT DO ANY WORK1 ?\1 NOR ?Y SON1 NOR ?Y DAU<T]1 ?Y MANS]VANT1 NOR ?Y MAIDS]VANT1 NOR ?Y CATTLE1 NOR ?Y /RANG] ?AT IS )9 ?Y GATES4 

0,= 9 SIX DAYS ! ,LORD MADE HEAV5 & E>?1 ! SEA1 & ALL ?AT 9 !M IS1 & RE/$ ! SEV5? DAY3 ,?AT IS :Y ! ,ET]NAL HAS HALL[$ & BLESS$ ! DAY ( RE/40 

,SU* IS ! LIT]AL TEXT ( ! F\R? P>AGRAPH ( ! FIR/ >TICLE ( ! ,*>T] GIV5 TO ! ,HEBREWS BY ,MOSES1 & KN[N UND] ! NAME ( ! ,D,E,C,A,L,O,G,U,E4 .<#a.> 

,IT IS A QUE/ION ( P5ETRAT+ ! SPIRIT1 ! MOTIVES & ! AIM ( ?AT LAW1 OR1 TO PUT IT BETT]1 ( ?AT 9/ITUTION1 ?AT ,MOSES & ! PROPHETS W\LD ALWAYS REG>D AS FUNDAM5TAL1 & TO :I* WE CAN F9D NO?+ COMP>ABLE AMONG ANY ( ! PEOPLES :O HAVE HAD A WRITT5 LEGISLATION2 AN 9/ITUTION ! :OLE SCOPE ( :I* EV5 ! MO/ CELEBRAT$ CRITICS--,GROTIUS1 ,CUNEUS1 ,SP5C]1 ,DOM ,CALMET1 L'ABBE DE ,V5CE1 ,P4 ,B]RUY]1 ,B]GI]1 ETC4--HAVE NOT GRASP$2 ( :I* ,MONTESQUIEU HAS NOT EV5 SPOK51 BECAUSE HE DID NOT UND]/& IT2 ?AT ,J4-,J4 ,R\SSEAU SEEMS TO HAVE S5S$1 H[EV] F> HIS ?\<T WAS FROM IT2 AN 9/ITUTION1 F9ALLY1 :I* \R MOD]N G5IUS1 ) ALL ITS !ORIES ( POLITICAL & CIVIL RI<T1 ) ITS NICETIES ( CON/ITUTIONS & ITS VAGUE DESIRES = LIB]TY & EQUALITY1 HAS NEV] MEASUR$ UP TO4 ,WE KN[ ?AT1 FROM ! ORIG9S ( ,*RI/IANITY1 ! WEEKLY CELEBRATION ( RE/ WAS TRANSF]R$ FROM ,SATURDAY1 OR ! DAY ( ,SATURN1 TO ! FOLL[+ DAY1 ! DAY ( ! ,SUN2 & ?AT1 9 ! ?\<T ( ! ,APO/LES1 !RE %\LD NOT EXI/1 BETWE5 ! MOSAIC ,SABBA? & ! ,*RI/IAN ,SUNDAY1 ANY DIFF]5CE BUT A DELAY ( TW5TY-F\R H\RS4 ,! DAY ( ! OBS]VANCE WAS TRANSF]R$ = TWO REASONS3 TO HONOR ! RESURRECTION ( ,*RI/1 & TO RADICALLY SEP>ATE ! TWO RELIGIONS4 ,BEYOND ?AT1 NEI!R ! ?+ NOR ITS SPIRIT W]E *ANG$2 ! OBLIGATION & ! PURPOSE ( ! PRECEPT REMA9$ ! SAME4 ,! 9T5TION ( ! RE=M]S1 AS FAI?FUL DISCIPLES ( !IR MA/]1 WAS NEV] TO ABOLI% ! ANCI5T LAW1 BUT TO COMPLETE IT4 ,IF !N ,I %\LD SUCCE$ 9 E/ABLI%+ ?AT ! OBJECT ( ! ,JEWI% LEGISLATOR1 9 ?AT :I* CONC]NS ! HOLIDAY ! SEV5? DAY1 WAS QUADRUPLE2 ?AT ?AT OBJECT1 AT ONCE CIVIL1 DOME/IC1 MORAL & HYGI5IC1 WAS CONSEQU5TLY ! MO/ VA/1 ! MO/ UNIV]SAL ?AT ! ?\<T ( A F\ND] ( A NATION C\LD EMBRACE2 IF ,I C\LD %[ ACCORD+ TO :AT PR9CIPLES ( A PHILOSOPHY UNKN[N TO \R AGE ! F\R? COMM&M5T WAS CONCEIV$1 :AT ITS SANCTION WAS1 :AT ITS CONSEQU5CES %\LD BE = ! DE/9Y ( ! PEOPLE1 ,I W\LD HAVE1 ,I BELIEVE1 SATISFI$ ALL ! CONDITIONS ( ! PROBLEM PUT =W>D2 & BY DEMON/RAT+ ! SUBLIMITY ( ! 9/ITUTIONS ,MOSES1 ,I W\LD HAVE PLUMB$ ! DEP?S ( ! QUE/ION ?AT ,I EXAM9E4 ,IT IS NE>LY USELESS TO CAUTION ?AT ,I CONTEMPLATE ALL ! FACTS RELATIVE TO ! ,JEWI% RELIGION1 AS WELL AS ?OSE RELAT+ TO ,*RI/IANITY1 FROM A PURELY HUMAN PO9T ( VIEW3 TODAY ONE IS NO LONG] SUSPECT$ ( RELIGIOSITY1 BECAUSE !Y DISCOV] REASONABLE ?+S 9 A RELIGION4 

,I 

,IT IS R>E ?AT A LAW CAN BE WELL UND]/OOD & APPRECIAT$ AT ITS TRUE VALUE1 IF WE LIMIT \RSELVES TO CONSID]+ IT SEP>ATELY1 & 9DEP5D5T ( ! SY/EM TO :I* IT IS L9K$3 ?AT IS A PR9CIPLE ( LEGISLATIVE CRITIQUE :I* NO ONE CONTE/S1 & SUFF]S H>DLY ANY EXCEPTIONS4 ,H[ IS IT ?AT ?IS RULE HAS BE5 SO BADLY FOLL[$ ) REG>D TO ! LAWS ( ,MOSES1 ?AT NO ONE HAS YET ?\<T TO PRES5T !M 9 !IR TOTALITY8 ,I W\LD NOT EXEMPT FROM ?IS CRITICISM EV5 ,MR4 ,PA/ORET HIMSELF1 :OSE WORK ON ! LEGISLATION ( ,MOSES SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 COMPOS$ UND] ! DICTATION ( RABBIS :O WANT$ TO MOCK !IR DISCIPLE4 ,H[ IS IT1 ,I SAY1 ?AT NO PUBLICI/ HAS EV5 TRI$ TO SUM UP ?AT GOV]NM5TAL MA*9E1 TO %[ ITS WORK+S1 TO %[ ! CORRELATION ( ! P>TS ) ! :OLE1 & ! EXACT PROPORTION BETWE5 !M8 ,WE HAVE GIV5 \RSELVES UP TO M9UTE RESE>*ES ON ! LAWS ( ,LYCURGUS2 = !M1 WE HAVE EXHAU/$ ALL ! RES\RCES ( ]UDITION2 BY MEANS ( SAGACITY & CRITIQUE1 WE HAVE MANAG$ TO GIVE1 IF NOT A COMPLETE IDEA1 AT LEA/ AN APPROXIMATE1 ( ! POLITICAL /ATE ( ! ,LAC$AEMONIANS4 ,! SAME WORK ON ,MOSES W\LD BE MU* EASI]2 MO/ ( ! MAT]IALS EXI/2 &1 9 ORD] TO RECON/RUCT ! $IFICE1 IT IS A QUE/ION ONLY ( >RANG+ ! SCATT]$ FRAGM5TS4 

,WE W\LD H>DLY BELIEVE SU* AN 9SUFFICI5CY ON ! P>T ( ! COMM5TATORS1 IF ! CAUSES W]E NOT F\ND RECORD$ 9 !IR WRIT+S4 ,ACCORD+ TO ! RABBIS1 IT IS NOT NECESS>Y TO SEEK ANY REASON 9 ! ,JEWI% LAWS O!R ?AN ! AUTOCRATIC WILL ( ,GOD1 NO O!R MOTIVE ?AN ! ABSOLUTE1 SIC VOLO1 SIC JUBEO1 :I* ALL[S NEI!R EXAM9ATION NOR V]IFICATION4 ,IT IS AN IMPIETY TO PROBE ! WAYS ( ! DIV9ITY4 ,OB$I5CE1 9 ORD] TO BE M]ITORI\S1 MU/ BE BL9D4 ,SUBMISSION TO ! LAW LOSES ALL ITS PRIZE1 AS SOON AS IT IS ACCOMPANI$ BY SCI5CE4 ,?AT ABSURD OP9ION IS EV] SO ANCI5T & SO PR(\NDLY E/ABLI%$ AMONG !M1 ?AT :5 A ,PH>ISEE1 ,SA9T ,PAUL1 CAME TO PROCLAIM BE=E ! NATION ?AT H]ETICAL APHORISM1 ,RATIONABILE SIT OBSEQUIUM VE/RUM1 0,LET Y\R OB$I5CE BE REASONABLE10 A REVOLUTION WAS ACCOMPLI%$ 9 RELIGION4 

,ON ! O!R H&1 ,MOSES HAD NOT PREP>$ HIMSELF TO ]ECT A DIALECTICAL MONUM5T2 HE DID NOT WANT TO MAKE A !ORY4 ,HE NEV] EXPLA9$ HIS PR9CIPLES4 ,! NE$S ( ! PEOPLE DEM&$ A RULE2 ,MOSES R5D]$ AN ORACLE4 ,A QUE/ION ( RI<T PRES5T$ ITSELF TO BE RESOLV$2 HE DICTAT$ A LAW4 ,BUT1 DESPITE ?AT 9COH]5CE 9 ! R$ACTION1 WE NE$ NOT IMAG9E ?AT HIS PLAN ( LEGISLATION WAS AS DISORD]$ AS ! COLLECTION ( HIS DECREES APPE>S TO US TODAY1 & ?AT HE HAD NOT HAD CON/ANTLY 9 M9D ! >*ETYPAL IDEA ( ! SIMPLE/ & MO/ MAGNIFIC5T SY/EM4 ,! ,DECALOGUE IS ! R$UC$ EXPRESSION & LIKE ! MO/ G5]AL =MULA ( ?AT MASS ( DETAIL$ ORD9ANCES SCATT]$ 9 ! ,P5TATEU*4 ,! V]Y NUMB] ( ! COMM&M5TS ( ! ,DECALOGUE & !IR SEQU5CE IS NOT AT ALL =TUIT\S3 IT IS ! G5ESIS ( MORAL PH5OM5A1 ! SCALE ( DUTIES & CRIMES1 BAS$ ON A WISE & M>VEL\SLY DEVELOP$ ANALYSIS4 

,C,O,M,M,&,M,5,T,S                  ,C,R,I,M,E,S ,& ,M,I,S,D,E,M,E,A,N,O,R,S                   ,V,I,R,T,U,E,S ,& ,D,U,T,I,E,S 
#a/1 #bND1 #cRD1 #d?             #a4 ,IMPIETY4                                #a4 ,RELIGION1 HOMEL&4 
#e?                            #b4 ,P>RICIDE4                              #b4 ,FILIAL PIETY1 OB$I5CE1 DISCIPL9E4 
#f?                            #c4 ,HOMICIDES1 ASSAULTS1 ETC4               #c4 ,LOVE ( ! NEI<BOR1 ( HUMANITY4 
#g?                            #d4 ,LUXURY4                                 #d4 ,*A/ITY1 MODE/Y4 
#h?                            #e4 ,!FT1 RAP9E4                          #e4 ,EQUALITY1 JU/ICE4 
#i?                            #f4 ,LIES1 P]JURY4                          #f4 ,TRU?1 GOOD FAI?4 
#a?                           #g4 ,CONCUPISC5CE4                          #g4 ,PURITY ( HE>T4 

,:AT A MAGNIFIC5T CRE$6 ,:AT PHILOSOPH]1 :AT LEGISLATOR HAS !RE BE5 BUT ?IS ONE :O HAS E/ABLI%$ SU* CATEGORIES1 & :O HAS KN[N H[ TO FILL \T ?IS CADRE6 ,SEEK 9 ALL ! DUTIES ( MAN & CITIZ5 SOME?+ :I* DOES NOT BOIL D[N TO ?IS1 BUT Y\ WILL NOT F9D IT4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 IF Y\ %[ ME SOME:]E A S+LE PRECEPT1 A S+LE OBLIGATION IRR$UCIBLE TO ?AT MEASURE1 ,I AM JU/IFI$ 9 ADVANCE 9 DECL>+ ?AT OBLIGATION1 ?AT PRECEPT1 \TSIDE ( CONSCI5CE1 & CONSEQU5TLY >BITR>Y1 UNJU/1 & IMMORAL4 ,WE HAVE EXHAU/$ ALL ! =MS ( ADMIRATION & PRAISE ) REG>D TO ! CATEGORIES ,>I/OTLE2 WE HAVE NOT SAID A WORD ( ! CATEGORIES ( ,MOSES4 ,I WILL NOT DO ! SAME4 

,SUPPORT$ BY !SE C]TA9 F\NDATIONS1 ! WORK ( ,MOSES WAS RAIS$ LIKE A CREATION ( ,GOD3 UNITY & SIMPLICITY 9 ! PR9CIPLES1 V>IETY & RI*NESS 9 ! DETAILS4 ,EA* ( ! =MULAS ( ! ,DECALOGUE C\LD BECOME ! SUBJECT ( A LONG TREATISE3 ,I WILL NOT EXPLORE EV5 ONE ( !M 9 DEP?4 ,! ORD9ANCE ON ! ,SABBA? IS ONLY ONE SECTION ( ! FIR/ LAW1 ( :I* IT =MS ! F\R? P>AGRAPH4 

0,IT IS NECESS>Y10 SAID ,J4-,J4 ,R\SSEAU 7 ,! ,SOCIAL ,CONTRACT 71 0?AT !RE BE FIX$ & P]IODIC ASSEMBLIES1 ?AT NO?+ CAN ABOLI% OR DEF]1 SO ?AT ON ! 9DICAT$ DAY ! PEOPLE WILL BE LEGITIMATELY CALL$ TOGE!R BY ! LAW1 )\T !RE BE+ NE$ = ANY O!R =MAL CONVOCATION40 

,:AT ,R\SSEAU ASK$1 ) ! SOLE AIM ( =C+ ! PEOPLE TO %[ ITSELF FROM TIME TO TIME 9 ALL ( !IR MAJE/Y1 & ?US TO ACT AS SOV]EIGN1 ,MOSES ORDA9$1 BUT NOT TO GA!R A DELIB]ATIVE ASSEMBLY3--AB\T :AT W\LD !Y DELIB]ATE8 ,!Y HAVE NO RI<T TO CLAIM1 NO PRIVILEGE TO DE/ROY3 ALL AFFAIRS1 PRIVATE OR PUBLIC1 %\LD BE DEALT ) ACCORD+ TO ! CON/ITU5T PR9CIPLES & BY A SORT ( CASUI/IC ALGEBRA4 ,! M>VEL ( MOD]N TIMES1 ! /&+ VOTE1 TAK5 ON QUE/IONS :I* C\LD BE RESOLV$ ONLY BY SCI5CE & /UDY1 ! PREPOND]ANCE ( MAJORITIES1 9 A WORD1 W\LD !N HAVE APPE>$ ABSOLUTELY ABSURD4 ,! LAWS LIKE ! 9/ITUTIONS1 F\ND$ ON ! OBS]VATION ( NATURE & D$UC$ FROM MORAL PH5OM5A 9 ! SAME MANN] AS ! =MULAS 9 A TREATISE ON PHYSICS >E D$UC$ FROM ! PH5OM5A ( BODIES1 W]E IMMUTABLE2 & !RE WAS A P5ALTY ( DEA? = :OEV] PROPOS$ TO *ANGE OR REMOVE !M4 ,= EXTRAORD9>Y CASES1 ! ANCI5TS GA!R$ !MSELVES 9 ! PUBLIC SQU>E3 !Y DID NOT WAIT = ! ,SABBA?4 ,! GOV]NM5T ( ! ,HEBREWS WAS NOT1 AS SOME IMAG9E1 A DEMOCRACY 9 ! MANN] ( ! ,SOCIAL ,CONTRACT2 NEI!R WAS IT A !OCRACY1 9 ! S5SE ( A GOV]NM5T BY PRIE/S4 ,MOSES1 F\ND+ HIS REPUBLIC BY MAK+ ! PEOPLE SWE> TO BE FAI?FUL TO ! ,ALLIANCE1 HAD NOT SUBMITT$ HIS WORK TO ! JUDGM5T ( ! MULTITUDE3 ?AT :I* IS JU/ 9 ITSELF1 ! ABSOLUTE TRU?1 CANNOT BE ! OBJECT ( AN ACCEPTANCE OR A PACT4 ,FREE1 AT HIS [N RISK1 TO OBEY ! VOICE ( HIS CONSCI5CE1 MAN HAS NOT BE CALL$ TO COMPROMISE ) IT3 SO ! ,JEWI% PEOPLE W]E SUBJECT TO ! LAW4 ,AS = ! PRIE/HOOD1 WE WILL SEE :AT IT WAS LAT]4 

,MOSES KNEW ?AT MAN1 RA!R ?AN BE+ BORN = SOCIETY1 IS (T5 DOM9AT$ )\T KN[+ IT BY AN UNSOCIABLE 9/9CT :I* LEADS HIM TO ISOLATION2 HE KNEW ?AT REASON1 9T]E/1 EV5 FRI5D%IP1 DOES NOT ALWAYS SUFFICE TO VANQUI% HIS NATURAL SLO?2 ?AT SUFF]+ & LABOR1 F> FROM BR++ HIM CLOS] TO HIS FELL[S1 PU%ES HIM FROM !M1 & ?AT HIS SOMB] SADNESS IS 9CREAS$ BY ! 5]GY ( HIS ?\<T & HIS SIL5T CONTEMPLATIONS4 ,:O %\LD BE MORE DISPOS$ ?AN ! PREA*] ( ,M\NT ,HOREB TO ABSOLVE ! RECLUSIVE MAN8 ,= =TY YE>S1 ALONE ) HIS G5IUS1 ALWAYS LO/ 9 ! 9F9ITE1 CONV]S+ ONLY ) ! BEA/S1 HE HAD TA/$ ALL ! DELI<TS & ALL ! RANCORS ( M$ITATION4 ,HIS S\L1 EXALT$ BY CONT9UAL EC/ASY1 HAD MADE 5?USIASM A HABIT4 ,& SUDD5LY ! AN*ORITE ( ! DES]T SAID TO HIMSELF3 ,MAN IS NOT MADE TO LIVE ALONE2 HE MU/ HAVE BRO!RS4 ,! 9T]IOR LIFE IS NOT ( ?IS WORLD4 ,ON ?IS E>?1 ACTION WAS REQUIR$4 ,& HE WAS SOON ON HIS WAY3 ,ISRAEL HAD A LIB]ATOR4 

,:AT ,MOSES WANT$ !N = HIS Y\NG NATION1 WAS NOT ASSOCIATIONS OR MU/]S1 NOR WAS IT RALLIES & FAIRS4 ,IT WAS NOT ONLY ! UNITY ( GOV]NM5T1 NOR ! COMMUNITY ( USAGES4 ,ALL ( ?AT IS CONSEQU5CE1 RA!R ?AN PR9CIPLE2 IT IS ! SIGN1 NOT ! ?+4 ,:AT HE DESIR$ TO CREATE 9 HIS PEOPLE WAS A COMMUNION ( LOVE & FAI?1 A FUSION ( 9TELLIG5CES & HE>TS1 IF ,I MAY PUT IT ?AT WAY4 ,IT WAS ?IS 9VISIBLE L9K1 /RONG] ?AN ALL MAT]IAL 9T]E/S1 ?AT =MS AMONG S\LS ! LOVE ( ! SAME HOMEL&1 ! WOR%IP ( ! SAME ,GOD1 ! SAME CONDITIONS ( DOME/IC HAPP9ESS1 ! SOLID>ITY ( DE/9IES1 ! SAME MEMORIES1 & ! SAME ASPIRATIONS4 ,HE WANT$1 9 %ORT1 NOT AN AGGLOM]ATION ( 9DIVIDUALS1 BUT A TRULY FRAT]NAL SOCIETY4 

,BUT1 9 ORD] TO SU/A9 ! SOCIAL S5TIM5T ?AT HE DESIR$ TO GIVE RISE TO1 SOME?+ TANGIBLE WAS NE$$4 ,= ! SYMBOL TO BE EFFICACI\S1 IT W\LD BE NECESS>Y TO BR+ TOGE!R CONSCI5CES4 ,ON ! DAY ( ! ,SABBA?1 ! *ILDR5 ASK$ !IR FA!RS3 0,:Y !SE CELEBRATIONS1 !SE C]EMONIES1 !SE MY/]IES1 ?AT ,JEHOVAH \R ,GOD HAS 9/ITUT$80 ,& ! FA!RS RESPOND$ TO !IR *ILDR53 0,WE W]E SLAVES ( AN ,EGYPTIAN ,PH>AOH1 & ,JEHOVAH TOOK US FROM ,EGYPT BY ! /R5G? ( HIS >MS6 ,HE L$ US TO ?IS L& ?AT HE HAD SWORN TO GIVE TO \R FA!RS4 ,?AT IS :Y HE 9/ITUT$ ALL !SE SOLEMNITIES1 TE/IMONY TO \R GRATITUDE & TOK5 ( \R FUTURE PROSP]ITY40 ,LET US NOTE !SE LA/ WORDS4 ,:ILE ! COMMON ,JEW SAW 9 ! ,SABBA? ONLY A COMMEMORATION ( HIS DELIV]ANCE1 ! LEGISLATOR MADE IT ! PALLADIUM TO :I* ! SALVATION ( ! REPUBLIC WAS ATTA*$4 ,& H[ IS ?AT8 ,BECAUSE EV]Y SY/EM ( LAWS & 9/ITUTIONS NE$S TO BE PROTECT$ BY A SPECIAL 9/ITUTION ?AT 5COMPASSES & SUMS IT UP1 :I* IS ITS CR[N & ITS BASIS2 BECAUSE ! ,SABBA?1 SUSP5D+ ! RUDE LABORS ( AN ALMO/ 5TIRELY AGRICULTURAL POPULATION1 & CONNECT+ M9DS ?R\< ! CONNECTION ( P]SONS1 A DAY ( PUBLIC EXALTATION1 NATIONAL M\RN+1 POPUL> 9/RUCTION & UNIV]SAL EMULATION1 /OPP$ ! SPECULATIONS ( 9T]E/ & DIRECT$ ! REASON T[>DS A MORE NOBLE OBJECT4 ,IT S(T5$ MANN]S BY ! *>M ( A RE/ ?AT WAS NOT /]ILE1 >\S$ A MUTUAL GOODWILL1 DEVELOP$ ! NATIONAL *>ACT]1 MADE ! RI* MORE LIB]AL1 EVANGELIZ$ ! POOR1 & EXCIT$ ! LOVE ( ! HOMEL& 9 EV]Y HE>T4 ,LET US EXAM9E SOME ( !SE CONSEQU5CES4 

,EV]Y MAN 9 ,ISRAEL WAS REQUIR$ TO READ & M$ITATE ALL HIS LIFE1 & COPY ) HIS [N H& ! TEXT ( ! LAW4 ,SOME S5T5CES DRAWN ON ! DOORS ( H\SES & EV5 ON CLO?+1 CON/ANTLY RECALL$ TO MEMORY ?AT SACR$ LAW4 ,N[1 AS !RE W]E NO PUBLIC S*OOLS1 & AS ! 5TIRE WEEK WAS FILL$ BY LABOR 9 ! FIELDS1 IT WAS DUR+ ! RE/ ( ! ,LORD ?AT ! FIR/ WRIT+ LESSONS W]E GIV51 & IT WAS ! ,B,O,O,K :I* PROVID$ = ?IS PI\S EX]CISE4 ,! FIR/ RESULT1 & ! MO/ IMPORTANT1 ( ! SABBATICAL LAW1 WAS 9/RUCTION1 & :AT 9/RUCTION8 ,?AT ( RELIGION1 POLITICS & MORALS4 ,! TEA*+ ( ! SYNAGOGUE LAT] DEVELOP$ ! SPIRIT ( ! LETT] ?AT KILLS2 ! ,LEVITES & ! PROPHETS LE>N$ TO S+ IT4 0,SU* W]E10 SAID ,FLEURY1 0! S*OOLS ( ! ,ISRAELI/S1 :]E !Y TAU<T NOT CURI\S SCI5CES1 BUT RELIGION & MANN]S1 & :]E ON 9/RUCT$1 NOT *ILDR5 & SOME 9DIVIDUAL IDL]S1 BUT ALL ! PEOPLE40 ,RELIGION MEANS1 TO EXPRESS MYSELF 9 \R LANGUAGE1 ! SCI5CE ( GOV]NM5T1 POLITICAL & CIVIL RI<T1 ! KN[L$GE ( DUTIES1 ! PR9CIPLE ( AU?ORITY1 OBLIGATION ( DISCIPL9E1 ! CONDITIONS ( ORD] & EQUILIBRIUM1 ! GU>ANTIES ( LIB]TY1 EQUALITY1 OR MORE ACCURATELY ! ORIG9AL CONSANGU9ITY4 ,\R CATE*ISMS >E1 ,I CANNOT HELP NOTIC+1 A QUITE A WAYS FROM ALL ?AT4 

,IT IS ?AT SPIRIT ( RELIGION ?AT ,SA9T ,PAUL1 SO LE>N$ 9 ! ,HEBRAIC TRADITIONS1 TRI$ H>D TO CREATE AMONG ! ,*RI/IANS CONV]T$ AMONG ! ,G5TILES4 ,ALREADY 9 HIS TIME1 ! PRIDE ( WEAL? & ! LUXURY ( S5SUAL PLEASURES HAD CREPT 9 EV5 AMONG ! AGAPES1 OR LOVE FEA/S1 :I* W]E TAK5 9 COMMON4 ,! WEAL?Y DID NOT WANT TO EAT ) ! POOR1 OR EAT ! SAME FOOD4 0,EA* ( Y\1 ,/4 ,PAUL REPROA*$ !M1 BR+S HOME :AT PLEASES HIM3 ONE GETS DRUNK1 ! O!R DIES ( HUNG]40 ,& HE CRI$ \T 9DIGNANTLY3 0,CAN Y\ NOT /AY 9 Y\R H\SES TO EAT & DR9K8 ,& DO Y\ COME TO ! MEET+ 79 *UR*7 ONLY TO 9SULT ?OSE :O HAVE NO?+80 ,H[ MU* !SE M]*ANTS ( ,COR9? MU/ HAVE MADE ! APO/LE MISS ! BRO!RS ( ,PALE/9E1 SO F]V5T1 SO DIS9T]E/$1 SO PURE6 ,BUT !Y HAD BE5 PREP>$ BY ! ,JEWI% RELIGION1 :ILE ! O!RS HAD =SWORN FROM PAGANISM ONLY ! WOR%IP ( MULTIPLE GODS4 ,! SAME SOCIAL T5D5CY %[S ITSELF 9 ! FAM\S ,APOLOGY ( ,SA9T ,JU/94 ,WE SEE !RE ?AT ! PR9CIPLE EX]CISES ( ,SUNDAY W]E1 AFT] ! CATE*ESIS1 ACTS ( *>ITY & M]CY1 ?AT P>T ( RELIGION :I* C\LD !N BE RECONCIL$ ) ! SECUL> P[] & ) ! OB$I5CE ?AT ONE BELIEV$ DUE TO IT4 

,A PEOPLE1 IT IS SAID1 MU/ HAVE SPECTACLES4 ,I AM F> FROM CONTE/+ IT2 BUT S9CE 9 EV]Y?+ WE 5C\NT] EVIL ALONGSIDE GOOD1 ! QUE/ION IS TO KN[ :AT SPECTACLES IT IS SUITABLE TO GIVE TO ! PEOPLE4 ,= ?AT1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO CONSULT ! TIMES1 ! PLACES1 & ! M54 ,! REPRES5TATIONS ( ,>I/OPHANES W\LD HAVE BE5 AN ABOM9ATION TO ,ORI5TALS2 ! FI]CE ,ROMAN PREF]R$ ! BUT*]Y ( ! CIRCUS TO ! POMP ( ! !AT]S2 \R FA!RS1 9 ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES1 9T]RUPT$ ! (FICES ( ! *UR* 9 ORD] TO P]=M ! MY/]IES 9 ! PRES5CE ( ! BI%OP & HIS CL]GY2 & ,I W\LD D>E SAY ?AT AFT] TWO C5TURIES ( ADMIRATION1 \R ,GREEK TRAG$IES BEG9 TO SEEM A BIT TOO DI/ANT FROM US4 ,BESIDES1 WE DON'T EV5 HAVE SPECTACLES3 AMONG US !RE EXI/ ONLY CURIOSITIES--MORE OR LESS AMUS+1 & MORE OR LESS CO/LY--9 :I* N9E-T5?S ( ! PEOPLE DO NOT P>TICIPATE4 

,IT HAS BE5 SAID ?AT ! ,SUNDAY VESP]S W]E ! COM$Y ( S]VANTS3 ?AT DISP>AG+ PHRASE1 CA/ ON ! C]EMONIES ( WOR%IP1 & A ?\S& TIMES MORE 9SULT+ TO ! PEOPLE ?AN TO RELIGION1 %[S BETT] ?AN ANY?+ ,I C\LD SAY H[ MU* ! MANIA = DI/9CTION /IFLES ! SPIRIT ( SOCIETY1 & H[ LITTLE WE 9 ,FRANCE RESPECT DIV9E OR HUMAN ?+S4 ,:AT'S MORE1 ! PRIE/S1 BY A DEPLORABLE EMULATION1 TRY TO JU/IFY ?AT MOCK+ DEF9ITION2 ! OP]A MUSIC 9TRODUC$ 9TO ! *UR*1 ! !ATRICAL EFFECTS1 ! TA/E = *>MS & 9CANTATIONS1 ! SE>* = UNKN[N DEVOTIONS & NEW SA9TS1 ALL ?AT1 WE MU/ SAY1 9V5T$ OR =ESE5 BY ! PRIE/S1 DEGRADES ! MAJE/Y ( ,*RI/IANITY MORE & MORE1 & MANAGES TO DE/ROY ! LITTLE BIT ( RELIGI\S FAI? 9 ! NATION ?AT ESCAP$ ! LIB]T9AGE ( ! EI<TE5? C5TURY4 

,:AT MORE BEAUTIFUL SPECTACLE ?AN ?AT ( A :OLE PEOPLE ASSEMBL$ = ! RITES ( ITS RELIGION1 = ! CELEBRATION ( ! GREAT ANNIV]S>IES8 ,SU* A SPECTACLE SUITS ! TA/E ( ALL M52 NO NATION EV] DID )\T IT4 0,! FEA/S ( ! ,ISRAELITES1 SAYS ! SAME ,FLEURY1 W]E TRUE FEA/S1 REAL REJOIC+S4 ,!Y W]E NOT PR(ANE SPECTACLES1 & CONT5T$ !MSELVES ) SOME RELIGI\S C]EMONIES & ! ME*ANISM ( SACRIFICES4 ,ALL M5 W]E OBLIG$ TO BE 9 ,J]USALEM AT ! ?REE GREAT SOLEMNITIES ( ,PASSOV]1 ,P5TECO/ & ,TAB]NACLES2 & WOM5 W]E P]MITT$ TO COME4 ,! ASSEMBLY WAS ?US V]Y NUM]\S3 EA* APPE>$ CLO!D 9 ! BE/ ?AT !Y HAD4 ,ONE HAD ! PLEASURE ( SEE+ P>5TS & FRI5DS AGA92 ONE ATT5D$ ! PRAY]S & SACRIFICES1 ALWAYS ACCOMPANI$ BY MUSIC4 ,AFT] ?AT1 9 ! MAGNIFIC5T TEMPLE1 FOLL[$ ! FEA/S :]E ! PEACEFUL VICTIMS W]E EAT54 ,! SAME LAW COMM&$ REJOIC+1 & UNIT$ S5SIBLE ) SPIRITUAL JOY444 ,IT NE$ NOT A/ONI% US !N ?AT IT WAS AGREEABLE NEWS ?AT ! FE/IVAL APPROA*$1 & ?AT ONE W\LD SOON GO TO ! H\SE ( ! ,LORD2 SO1 TO GO !RE1 ONE TRAVEL$ 9 GREAT TR\PES1 S++ & PLAY+ 9/RUM5TS4440 

,!SE SOLEMNITIES W]E R>E1 IT IS TRUE2 BUT EA* WEEK BR\<T !IR ABBREVIAT$ IMAGE1 & MA9TA9$ !IR MEMORY4 ,! C]EMONIES ( ! SYNAGOGUE F9I%$1 ! FA!RS & ELD]S GA!R$ AT ! GATES ( ! T[N2 !RE !Y TALK$ ( LABOR1 ( ! OP5+ ( ! H>VE/S1 ( ! APPROA* ( ! %EEP-%E>+1 ( ! BE/ ME?ODS = WORK+ ! L& & RAIS+ H]DS4 ,!RE WAS ALSO TALK ( ! AFFAIRS ( ! C\NTRY & ( RELATIONS ) ! NEI<BOR+ PEOPLES4 ,! Y\NG M51 TO ! APPROV+ *E]S ( ! WOM5 & GIRLS1 5GAG$ 9 M>TIAL EX]CISES3 !Y HELD RACES1 LE>N$ TO DRAW A B[1 TRI$ TO %[ /R5G? & FLEXIBILITY BY LIFT+ HEAVY LOADS1 & BY H&L+ WEI<TS 9T5D$ = ?AT PURPOSE4 ,SOMETIMES !Y EV5 COMPET$ 9 WIT & SUBTLETY1 BY RIDDLES & APOLOGUES4 ,WE F9D TRACES ( ALL !SE CU/OMS 9 ! ,OLD ,TE/AM5T2 = WE NE$ NOT BELIEVE ?AT PRIOR TO ! MIGRATION 9 ,BABYLON1 ! OBS]VATION ( ! ,SABBA? WAS C>RI$ TO ?AT PO9T ( SUP]/ITI\S FA/IDI\SNESS ?AT ,JESUS ,*RI/ CRITICIZ$ 9 ! ,PH>ISEES :5 HE SAID TO !M3 ,! ,SABBA? WAS MADE = MAN1 & NOT MAN = ! ,SABBA?4 ,ONE ( ! MO/ UN=TUNATE EFFECTS ( ! SOJ\RN ( ! ,JEWS 9 ,*ALDEA WAS TO GIVE !M A TA/E = METAPHYSICAL REV]IES & A N>R[1 PETTY CRITIQUE1 A PASSION = DISPUTES1 A HUNG] = VA9 CURIOSITIES 9 SPECULATION & REF9EM5T 9 PRACTICE4 ,:5 WE COMP>E ! ,JEWS ( ! RE/ORATION ( ,CYRUS ) ! ,HEBREWS ( ! TIME ( ,SAMUEL1 ,SOLOMON & ,HEZEKIAH1 WE W\LD ?9K WE SEE TWO DIFF]5T RACES4 ,! GREATNESS & SIMPLICITY ( ! ,ISRAELITE G5IUS HAS GIV5 PLACE TO ! FAULT-F9D+1 P]SNICKETY & FALSE SPIRIT ( ! RABBIS2 ! GOOD S5SE ( ! PUBLIC SEEMS ECLIPS$1 & ! NATION HAS FALL54 ,BETWE5 ,HORACE & ,ATTILA1 ! DI/ANCE IS UND\BT$LY GREAT2 BUT BETWE5 ! ,PROPHETS & ! ,TALMUD1 ! CONTRA/ IS MON/R\S4 ,9 G5]AL1 WE %\LDN'T SEEK ! TRU? ( ! USAGES ( ! ,HEBREW PEOPLE 9 ! ,TALMUDIC TRADITIONS4 

,) REG>D TO ! GOV]NM5T1 ! PEOPLE %\LD GA!R ON ! SEV5? DAY1 NOT TO MAKE LAWS OR VOTE ON ANY?+3 ,I HAVE ALREADY SAID ?AT1 ACCORD+ TO ,MOSES1 ALL MATT]S ( LEGISLATION & POLITICS >E ! OBJECT ( SCI5CE1 NOT ( OP9ION4 ,! LEGISLATIVE P[] BELONGS ONLY TO ?AT SUPREME REASON ?AT ! ,HEBREWS WOR%IP$ UND] ! NAME ( ,JEHOVAH3 CONSEQU5TLY ALL LAW1 9 ORD] TO BE HOLY1 %\LD BE M>K$ ) A *>ACT] ( NECESSITY2 ALL JURISPRUD5CE CONSI/$ ( A SIMPLE EXPOSITION ( PR9CIPLES1 ! KN[L$GE ( :I* WAS NO ONE'S PRIVILEGE4 ,TO ATTRIBUTE TO AN (FICIAL P]SONAGE ! RI<T ( VETO1 OR ( SANCTION1 W\LD HAVE APPE>$ TO ,MOSES AS ! HEI<T ( ABSURDITY & TYRANNY4 ,JU/ICE & LEGALITY >E TWO ?+S AS 9DEP5D5T ( \R CONS5T AS MA!MATICAL TRU?3 TO COMPEL1 IT IS 5\< = !M TO BE KN[N2 TO LET !MSELVES BE SE51 !Y DEM& ONLY M$ITATION & /UDY4 ,BUT1--& ?IS WILL APPE> UNPREC$5T$1-- ! ASSEMBL$ PEOPLE1 :OM ,MOSES DID NOT RECOGNIZE AS SOV]EIGN1 9 ! S5SE ?AT ! WILL ( ! PEOPLE MAKES LAW1 =M$ ! EXECUTIVE P[]4 ,IT WAS TO ! PEOPLE1 GA!R$ 9 ITS FAMILIES & TRIBES ?AT ! *>GE ( WAT*+ OV] ! LAW WAS CONFID$2 IT WAS = ?IS GREAT & SUBLIME FUNCTION ?AT ! LEGISLATOR HAD WANT$ !M TO GA!R = A FULL WEEK1 JUDG+ ?AT ! PEOPLE ALONE HAVE A RI<T TO CON/RA9 ! PEOPLE1 BECAUSE !Y ALONG CAN PROTECT !MSELVES4 

,:AT !N WAS ! LEGISLATOR HIMSELF8 ,A MAN 9SPIR$ BY ,GOD1 :I* IS TO SAY A SA9T1 A PHILOSOPH]1 A POET4 ,9T]PRET] ( ?AT WISDOM ?AT F\ND$ ! LAW1 HE WAS /ILL1 BY HIS 5?USIASM & HIS VIRTUES1 ITS H]ALD & REFLECTION4 ,HE COMM&$ NATURE1 CONJUR$ HEAV5 & E>?1 RAVI%$ IMAG9ATIONS ) ! MAGIC ( HIS SONGS2 BUT HE SPOKE TO ! PEOPLE 9 ! NAME ( ,GOD--9 ! NAME ( TRU?4 ,?AT IS :Y HE REF]R$ ! GU>DIAN%IP ( ! LAW TO ! 5TIRE NATION1 :Y HE ALL[$ IT ?AT GU>ANTEE AGA9/ ! AUDACITY ( IMPO/ORS & TYRANTS1 ! OBLIGATION TO GA!R ON A SET DAY TO OV]SEE ITSELF & ITS AG5TS4 ,EV]Y CITIZ5 CAN AFFIRM3 ,?IS IS TRUE1 ?IS IS JU/2 BUT HIS CONVICTION OBLIGES NO ONE BUT HIMSELF4 ,! NATION ALONE HAS ! RI<T TO SAY3 ,WE COMM& & REQUIRE444 

,SU* W\LD BE ! 9/ITUTION ( ,SUNDAY1 IF FATAL CIRCUM/ANCES1 :I* DID NOT EXI/ = ,MOSES & :I* TIME HAS NOT CAUS$ TO DISAPPE>1 HAD NOT /OPP$ ! DEVELOPM5T4 ,9 ! CITIES1 ,SUNDAY IS H>DLY ANY?+ BUT A HOLIDAY )\T MOTIVE OR AIM1 AN OCCASION = P>ADES = ! WOM5 & *ILDR51 = CONSUMPTION = ! RE/AURATEURS & W9E-M]*ANTS1 ( DEGRAD+ IDL5ESS1 & 9CREAS$ VISE4 ,ON ,SUNDAY1 ! TRIBUNALS >E CLOS$1 ! PUBLIC C\RTS RECESS$1 ! S*OOLS VACANT1 ! WORK%OPS IDLE1 ! >MY AT RE/3 & :Y8 ,SO ?AT ! JUDGE1 CA/+ (F HIS ROBE & HIS GRAVITY1 CAN FREELY ATT5D TO CONC]NS ( AMBITION & PLEASURE1 ! SCI5TI/ CAN CEASE TO ?9K1 ! /UD5T /ROLL1 ! WORK] /UFF !MSELVES1 ! GRISETTE DANCE1 & ! SOLDI] DR9K OR JU/ BE BOR$4 ,! TRAD] ALONE NEV] /OPS4 ,IF ALL ( ?AT WAS HONE/ & USEFUL1 ! AIM ( ! 9/ITUTION W\LD /ILL BE MISS$1 & = TWO REASONS3 ONE1 ?AT ALL !SE AMUSEM5TS >E )\T RELATION TO ! G5]AL GOOD2 ! O!R1 ?AT !Y FOM5T SELFI%NESS EV5 9 ! CONNECT+ ( P]SONS4 

,9 ! C\NTRYSIDE1 :]E ! PEOPLE YIELD MORE EASILY TO RELIGI\S S5TIM5T1 ! CELEBRATION ( ,SUNDAY /ILL PRES]VES SOME ( ITS SOCIAL 9FLU5CE4 ,! APPE>ANCE ( A RU/IC POPULATION1 GA!R$ AS A S+LE FAMILY TO LI/5 TO !IR PA/OR1 PRO/RATE 9 SIL5CE CONTEMPLATION BE=E ! 9VISIBLE MAJE/Y ( ,GOD1 IS T\*+ & SUBLIME4 ,! *>M WORKS ON ! HE>T ( ! PEASANT3 ON ,SUNDAY1 HE IS MORE GRACI\S1 MORE LOV+1 MORE AFFABLE2 HE IS S5SIBLE ( ! HONOR ( HIS VILLAGE1 & HE IS PR\D ( IT2 HE ID5TIFIES ) ! 9T]E/S ( HIS COMMUNE4 ,SADLY1 ?AT HAPPY 9/9CT NEV] PRODUCES ITS FULL EFFECT1 = LACK ( SUFFICI5T CULTURE2 = IF RELIGION HAS NOT LO/ ALL ITS 9FLU5CE ON ! HE>T1 IT HAS LONG S9CE CEAS$ TO SPEAK TO ! REASON4 ,& ,I DO NOT 9T5D ?IS AS A REPROA*3 RELIGION IS IMMOBILE BY ITS NATURE2 IT ONLY MODIFIES ITS DISCIPL9E AT LONG 9T]VALS & AFT] 5DLESS DELAYS4 ,MOREOV]1 ! BRUSQUE *ANGES ?AT HAVE OCCURR$ 9 \R MORES & SOCIAL RELATIONS HAVE1 SO TO SPEAK1 TAK5 IT UNAW>ES4 ,IT HAS /ILL NOT HAD TIME TO ADAPT ITSELF TO ! NEW ORD] ( ?+S1 OR TO H>MONIZE ITSELF ) IT4 ,! PEOPLE UND]/& NO?+ ( ! C]EMONIES2 ! DOGMAS HAVE NO RELATION TO !IR UND]/&+4 ,! PRAY]S >E NOT TRANSLAT$2 & IF SOMETIMES !Y >E RECIT$ 9 !IR LANGUAGE1 ! OBJECT ( !SE PRAY]S NO LONG] 9T]E/S !M4 ,PLAC$ BETWE5 ! SPIRITUAL & ! TEMPORAL1 ACCU/OM$ BY !IR $UCATION TO SEP>ATE !M1 H[ W\LD !Y GRASP ! CONNECTION8 ,!Y BELIEVE ?AT ON 5T]+ ! *UR* !Y PASS FROM ONE WORLD TO ANO!R1 & R>ELY DO !Y AB/A91 ON ?AT OCCASION1 FROM SACRIFIC+ A PRES5T 9T]E/ TO SOME OBSCURE & UNC]TA9 ONE4 ,! PRIE/ TEA*ES MORALS1 BUT DOES HE SPEAK ( ! CONDITIONS ( ! SOCIAL ORD]1 ( ! EQUALITY :I* %\LD REIGN H]E BEL[ BETWE5 ! DIFF]5T CLASSES ( CITIZ5S1 AS IT REIGNS AMONG ! ORD]S ( ! BLESS$ 9 ! TIMES ?AT HE H]ALDS8 ,DOES HE SPEAK ( ! DUTIES ( ! GOV]NM5T1 ( ! MAJE/Y ( ! SOV]EIGN NATION1 ( ! 9DEP5D5CE ( REASON1 :I* ALONE CAN LEGITIMATE RESPECT = ! E>?LY P[]S & FAI? 9 ,GOD8 ,DOES HE SPEAK ( PROGRESS1 ( ! 9CESSANT TRANS=MATION ( RELIGI\S DOGMAS & POLITICAL 9/ITUTIONS8 ,NO1 ! PRIE/ DOES NOT SPEAK ( !SE ?+S4 ,! MAYOR & ! BI%OP =BID IT2 HE C\LD NOT DO IT )\T K9DL+ REVOLT & 9CURR+ ! BLAME = HIMSELF4 

,9C$O P] IGNES3 ,I HAVE T\*$ ON A REVOLUTION>Y QUE/ION1 RESOLV$ 9 ! EYES ( ALL P>TIES1 BUT ON :I* ,I D>E TO BATTLE ! COMMON OP9ION1 & DEF5D ! P>ADOX :I* =MS ! BASIS ( MY DISC\RSE3 ,I MEAN ! ID5TITY ( RELIGION & POLITICS4 

,! SEP>ATION ( P[]S1 CONSUMMAT$ 9 ! ]A ( ,CON/ANT9E & ,!ODOSIA1 GOES BACK TO ,JESUS ,*RI/ HIMSELF1 :O DID NOT MAKE A DOGMA ( IT1 BUT TOL]AT$ IT3 IT IS ! RESULT ( C]TA9 METAPHYSICAL OPPOSITIONS :I* %\LD RESOLVE !MSELVES H>MONICALLY 9 A HI<] =M1 BUT :I* ! R\T9E ( ! LEGALI/S1 AS MU* AS ! FANATICISM ( ! DEV\T1 HAS CLAIM$ TO R5D] ET]NAL4 ,S9CE ! WORLD HAS BECOME ,*RI/IAN1 PAGANISM HAS ALWAYS EXI/$ 9 ! CIVIL LIFE3 AT ! V]Y C5T] ( ,*RI/IANITY1 ! /ATE HAS NOT 5T]$ 9TO ! *UR*1 NOR ! *UR* 9TO ! /ATE4 ,! MON>* ( ,ROME & ! POPE >E TWO DIFF]5T ?+S4 ,SOME ATTEMPTS W]E MADE 9 ! MIDDLE AGES1 SOMETIMES BY ! SOV]EIGN PONTIFFS1 & SOMETIMES BY ! BI%OPS1 TO REE/ABLI% ! UNITY ( GOV]NM5T AMONG ! PEOPLE1 :I* IS NOT ! SAME ?+ AS UNIV]SAL MON>*Y1 TO :I* ! VULG> ACCUSE ,GREGORY ,V,I,I ( HAV+ D>$ TO PRET5D4 ,IT IS NO LONG] PRIE/LY !OCRACY1 = RELIGION IS NO MORE ! SUPREMACY ( ! PRIE/1 ?AN ! LAW IS ! GOV]NM5T ( ! JUDGE2 BUT IT IS NECESS>Y TO BELIEVE ?AT ?IS IDEA ( UNITY1 OR1 TO PUT IT BETT]1 ( SYN!SIS1 FAIR & TRUE 9 ITSELF1 WAS PREMATURE1 S9CE IT HAS 5D$ BY COLLAPS+ UND] A UNANIM\S DISAPPROVAL4 ,! DECL>ATION ( #a#f#h#b1 COMPOS$ BY ,BOSSUET1 SANCTION$ ! DI/9CTION ( P[]S1 & NE>LY MADE IT AN >TICLE ( FAI?4 ,I WILL RETURN TO ?IS QUE/ION4 

,I,I 

,:AT ,I HAVE SAID ( ! CIVIL EFFECTS ( ! ,SABBA? SUFFICI5TLY EXPLA9S ! IMPORTANCE ?AT ! LEGISLATOR ATTA*$ TO IT1 :5 HE MADE ! /ABILITY ( ! ,/ATE DEP5D ON IT4 ,BUT ?AT 9/ITUTION ITSELF HAD NE$ ( SAFEGU>DS3 IT DEM&$ TO BE DEF5D$ AGA9/ ! NEGLIG5CE ( SOME1 AGA9/ ! ILL WILL ( O!RS1 & AGA9/ ! IGNORANCE & B>B>ITY ( ALL4 ,N[1 IT IS FROM ! GU>ANTEES ) :I* ,MOSES SURR\ND$ IT ?AT WE HAVE SE5 BORN ! 9FLU5CE ( ! ,SABBA? ON FAMILY RELATIONS4 ,= SU* IS ! ADMIRABLE ECONOMY ( ! ,MOSAIC SY/EM1 & ! CLOSE CONNECTION ( ALL ITS P>TS1 ?AT 9 /UDY+ IT ONE SEEMS TO FOLL[ AN EXPOSITION ( PHYSICS RA!R ?AN A COMB9ATION ( ! HUMAN M9D4 ,IT IS ( ! LEGISLATION ( ,MOSES ?AT WE CAN TRULY SAY1 ?AT 9 IT ALL CONV]GES1 ALL CONSPIRES1 ALL CONS5TS4 ,PULL JU/ ONE ( ITS /IT*ES1 & ! :OLE ?+ UNRAVELS4 

,MOSES W\LD NOT HAVE BELIEV$ 9 ! SOLIDITY ( HIS $IFICE1 IF IT HAD NOT CONC]N$ ALL CLASSES ( PEOPLE4 ,BEYOND ! ACCOMPLI%M5T ( C]TA9 RELIGI\S DUTIES1 SU* AS ATT5DANCE AT ! C]EMONIES1 P>TICIPATION 9 ! SACRIFICES1 ETC41 HE DEM&$ ?AT ON ! DAY ( ! ,SABBA? EV]Y SORT ( S]VILE LABOR BE SUSP5D$1 & HE ACCEPT$ NO PRETEXT OR EXCUSE4 ,Y\ %ALL NOT1 SAYS ,DEUT]ONOMY1 DO ANY WORK1 NEI!R Y\1 NOR Y\R SON OR DAU<T]1 NOR Y\R MANS]VANT OR MAIDS]VANT1 NOR Y\R ANIMALS1 NOR ! /RANG] )9 Y\R GATES4 ,?AT MEANS3 ,Y\ WILL NOT LABOR1 EI!R BY Y\RSELF OR ?R\< ANO!R4 ,! LAW ALL[S NO EXCEPTIONS2 IT IS ! PR]OGATIVE ( ALL4 ,! FA!R ( ! FAMILY1 REPRES5T+ 9 HIS P]SON ALL ?OSE SUBORD9AT$ TO HIM BY BIR?1 BY NATURAL DOMA91 OR BY A CONS5SUAL DEP5D5CY1 ALONE 5JOY$ C]TA9 CIVIL PRIVILEGES1 SU* AS ?OSE ( SITT+ 9 C\NCIL1 TO R5D] JU/ICE1 C>RY >MS1 ETC4 ,BUT !RE >E SOME BASIC NECESSITIES ?AT HE CANNOT CLAIM = HIMSELF ALONE1 & RE/ AFT] LABOR IS AMONG ?AT NUMB]4 ,ALSO ,DEUT]ONOMY1 OR ! SECOND EXPOSITION ( ! LAW1 ADDS3 ,SO ?AT Y\R MANS]VANT & MAIDS]VANT MAY RE/1 AS Y\ DO4 ,REMEMB] ?AT Y\ HAVE ALSO BE5 A SLAVE4 

,! LAWS ( ,MOSES1 IF WE PAY ATT5TION TO !M1 >E ALL1 ) REG>D TO =M1 EXPRESS$ 9 P]SONAL /YLE1 BY ! SECOND P]SON S+UL> ( ! FUTURE T5SE4 ,N[1 AS ! EXPRESSION ALWAYS REMA9S ! SAME1 :E!R IT IS A QUE/ION ( DUTIES COMMON TO ALL 9DIVIDUALS1 OR :E!R ! LAW REF]S ONLY TO ! HEADS ( FAMILIES1 :O ALONE W]E C\NT$ = SOME ?+S1 & AS WE MI<T BE ABLE TO QUIBBLE AB\T ! G5]ALITY ( ! TEXT1 ,MOSES ADD$ TO ! F\R? COMM&M5T ( ! ,DECALOGUE1 FOLL[+ ! /&>D =MULA-- ,?\ %ALT NOT WORK -- ! COMM5T>Y ?AT WE HAVE JU/ READ1 9 ORD] TO REMOVE ALL MEANS ( BICK]+ FROM 9HUMANITY & AV>ICE4 

,F\R-FIF?S ( ! POPULATION W]E ?US 9T]E/$ 9 ! RIGOR\S OBS]VATION ( ! ,SABBA?4 ,! S]VANTS1 RECOGNIZ+ = A DAY !IR DIGNITY AS M51 PUT !MSELVES BACK ON ! LEVEL ( !IR MA/]S2 ! WOM5 DISPLAY$ ! LUXURY ( !IR H\SEHOLDS1 ! ELD]LY ! GRAVITY ( !IR LESSONS1 !IR *ILDR51 9 !IR NOISY JOY1 LE>N$ E>LY SOME POLITE SOCIAL HABITS4 ,ONE SAW ! Y\NG GIRLS S+ & =M DANC+ *ORUSES1 :]E !Y UNFOLD$ ALL ! GRACE ( !IR MOVEM5TS & ! TA/E ( !IR 5SEMBLES4 ,ATTRACTIONS =M$ & L$ TO HAPPY M>RIAGES4 ,) SU* FE/IVITIES ONCE KN[N1 :AT FA!R1 :AT HUSB&1 :AT MA/] W\LD HAVE ?\<T TO DEPRIVE !IR [N ( !M8 ,:AT DOME/IC AU?ORITY W\LD HAVE TRIUMPH$ OV] AN 9/ITUTION SO SWEET1 TRANS=M$ BY ! LEGISLATOR 9TO A RELIGI\S PRECEPT8 ,NO1 IF PAT]NAL DESPOTISM HAD HAD ! C\RAGE1 IT W\LD NOT HAVE SUCCE$$4 

,:AT C\LD ,I ADD TO ?IS QUICK DESCRIPTION1 ?AT ,I HAVE NOT ALREADY SAID8 ,SUNDAY IS ! DAY ( TRIUMPH = MO!RS & DAU<T]S4 ,BRI<T ) HEAL? & Y\?1 BEAUTIFUL FROM ! EXPRESSION ( H] CONSCI5CE1 ACCEPT$ 9 ! P>I% MASS AMONG ALL H] COMPANIONS1 :AT VILLAGE WOMAN1 ONCE 9 H] LIFE1 W\LD NOT BELIEVE H]SELF ! K9DE/1 MO/ DILIG5T OR MO/ WISE8 ,:AT WIFE1 ON A ,SUNDAY1 DOES NOT GIVE H] H\SEHOLD A C]TA9 AIR ( CELEBRATION OR EV5 ( LUXURY1 & DOES NOT WILL+LY RECEIVE1 9 A MORE AFFECTIONATE MOOD1 H] HUSB&'S FRI5DS8444 ,! JOY ( ,SUNDAY SPREADS OV] ALL3 SORR[S1 MORE SOLEMN1 >E LESS POIGNANT2 REGRETS1 LESS BITT]4 ,! SICK HE>T F9DS AN SWEETNESS UNKN[N TO ITS /++ TR\BLES4 ,S5TIM5TS >E UPLIFT$ & PURIFI$3 HUSB&S F9D A LIVELY & RESPECTFUL T5D]NESS1 MAT]NAL LOVE ITS 5*ANTM5TS2 ! PIETY ( SONS GIVES 9 MORE DOCILELY UND] ! T5D] C>E ( ! MO!RS4 ,! DOME/IC1 ?AT FURNITURE 9 HUMAN =M1 BORN 5EMY ( ! ONE :O PAYS HIM1 FEELS HIMSELF MORE DEVOT$ & FAI?FUL2 ! MA/] MORE B5EVOL5T & LESS H>D4 ,! F>M] & ! WORK]1 /IRR$ BY A VAGUE S5SE ( EQUALITY1 >E MORE CONT5T ) !IR CONDITION4 ,9 ALL CONDITIONS MAN REGA9S HIS DIGNITY1 & 9 ! B\NDLESSNESS ( HIS AFFECTIONS1 HE RECOGNIZES ?AT HIS NOBILITY IS TOO GREAT = ! DI/9CTION ( RANKS TO BE ABLE TO DEGRADE & DAMAGE IT4 ,9 ALL !SE REG>DS ! SPIRIT ( ,*RI/IANITY GETS ! UPP] H& OV] ! ,JEWI% SPIRIT1 ALWAYS M>K$ ) A CO>SE S5SUALISM4 ,! RELIGION ( ,MOSES IS SC>CELY CONTEMPLATIVE4 ,MU* GIV5 TO DEMON/RATION1 IT SPEAKS TO ! S5SES RA!R ?AN ! S\L1 AS ITS LAW WAS ADDRESS$ MORE TO ! M9D ?AN TO ! HE>T4 ,*RI/IANITY IS MORE UNCTU\S1 MORE P5ETRAT+1 MORE EXPANSIVE3 9COMP>ABLE ESPECIALLY :5 Y\ WANT TO A/ONI% CRIME1 T]RIFY ! CONSCI5CE1 BREAK ! HE>T1 TEMP] PRIDE1 & CONSOLE ! UN=TUNATE4 ,:Y HAS ! EFFECTIVE VIRTUE ( ITS DOGMAS NOT YET TRIUMPH$1 9 ! POLITICAL ORD]1 OV] HUMAN OB/9ACY8 

,! MO/ DANG]\S ADV]S>Y ?AT ,MOSES C\LD MEET1 9 9/ITUT+ A WEEKLY HOLIDAY1 WAS GRE$4 ,H[ WAS HE TO TE> ! RI* F>M]S FROM MULTIPLE & PRESS+ LABORS1 MANUFACTUR]S FROM ! DEM&S ( ! PRACTICES1 TRAD]S FROM !IR 9DISP5SABLE OP]ATIONS8 ,:AT C\LD ! ,LEVITE1 *>G$ ) ANN\NC+ ) ?IS HORN ?AT ! RE/ ( ! ,LORD HAD BEGUN1 RESPOND TO !SE SOPHISMS ( 9T]E/3 0,WILL Y\ ADD A DAY TO ! WEEK1 OR WILL Y\ TAKE RESPONSIBILITY = LOAD+ ! H>VE/ & WORK+ ! FIELDS8444 ,:AT COMP5SATION DO Y\ (F] US IF WE )DRAW ?IS ORD]1 IF WE MISS ?IS 9VE/M5T8444 ,MAKE Y\R SACRIFICES ANYWAY1 & PRAY = US 9 ! SYNAGOGUE3 WE DO NOT HAVE ! LEISURE TO GO !RE1 \R OCCUPATIONS DO NOT P]MIT IT40 ,:AT >E WE TO SAY1 ONCE MORE1 TO PEOPLE CON/ANTLY ALLEG+ NECESSITY1 IMM95CE1 & UNRECOV]ABLE OCCASIONS8 

,?IS IS ! /UMBL+ BLOCK = ALL ! ADV]S>IES ( ,SUNDAY1 ANCI5T & MOD]N4 ,9 ORD] TO GIVE ALL POSSIBLE /R5G? TO !IR REASONS1 ,I AM GO+ TO QUOTE ! OBS]VATIONS & CALCULATIONS ( A POLITICAL MAN ( ! LA/ C5TURY1 ( A MAN ( ! *UR*1 ! ABBOT ( ,SA9T-,PI]RE1 :O1 5JOY+ A F9E ABBEY & HAV+ NO?+ TO DO1 WAS P]HAPS NOT ABSOLUTELY WRONG TO F9D ! OBLIGATION TO RE/ ON ,SUNDAY UNREASONABLE4 

00,IT W\LD BE A GREAT *>ITY & A GOOD WORK1 MORE AGREEABLE TO ,GOD ?AN A PURE C]EMONY1 TO GIVE TO POOR FAMILIES ! MEANS TO MEET !IR NE$S & ?OSE ( !IR *ILDR51 BY SEV5 OR EI<T H\RS ( LABOR1 & ! MEANS TO 9/RUCT !MSELVES & !IR *ILDR5 9 ! *UR*1 = ?REE OR F\R H\RS 9 ! MORN+444 

0,TO UND]/& :AT A SOLACE ! CONT9UATION ( !IR LABOR W\LD BE TO ! POOR1 WE NE$ ONLY CONSID] ?AT ( ! FIVE MILLION FAMILIES :I* >E 9 ,FRANCE1 !RE >E AT LEA/ A MILLION :O HAVE ALMO/ NO 9COME EXCEPT FROM !IR LABOR1 :O >E POOR2 & ,I CALL POOR ?OSE :O DO NOT HAVE #c ,T\RS P\NDS ( 9COME1 ?AT IS TO SAY ! VALUE ( #f METRIC P\NDS ( BREAD4 

0,!SE POOR FAMILIES C\LD GA9 AT LEA/ #e S\S EA* HALF-DAY ( FE/IVAL1 ONE AFT] ANO!R1 DUR+ ! #h OR SO FE/IVALS & ,SUNDAYS 9 ! YE>4 ,EA* ( !SE FAMILIES W\LD ?US GA9 AT LEA/ #b FRANCS P] YE> MORE1 :I* W\LD MAKE1 = A MILLION FAMILIES1 MORE ?AN #b MILLIONS ( P\NDS4 ,N[1 W\LDN'T AN ANNUAL *>ITY ( #b MILLIONS BE QUITE A H&-\T1 SPREAD PROPORTIONALLY AMONG ! POORE/8 

0,IF1 :5 ! FIR/ CANONS ON ! CESSATION ( LABOR HAD BE5 MADE1 ! BI%OPS HAD SE5 SOME ( ! CAB>ETS & GAMES E/ABLI%$1 IF !Y HAD =ESE5 ALL ! DISORD]S ?AT IDL5ESS CAN CAUSE1 !Y W\LD HAVE LIMIT$ !MSELVES TO ! HE>+ ( ! MASS & ! 9/RUCTIONS ( ! MAT9S40 7,TOME ,V,I,I1 PAGE #g#c74 

,ALL !SE SPECULATIONS >E V]Y NICE1 & ! PR9CIPLE ( ?IS *>ITY IS V]Y COMM5DABLE2 IT ONLY LACKS A LITTLE GOOD S5SE4 ,=1 AS ,B]GI] REM>K$1 IT IS ABSURD TO RECOGNIZE1 ON ONE H&1 ?AT ,SUNDAY IS 9/ITUT$ TO GIVE RE/ TO ! PEOPLE1 & TO PRET5D ON ! O!R ?AT ?IS RE/ IS ITSELF H>MFUL TO !M4 ,9 WANT+ TO PROVIDE = ! SUBSI/5CE ( ! POOR1 WE MU/ HAVE REG>D = ! MEASURE ( !IR /R5G? AS WELL AS !IR MORAL & 9TELLECTUAL NE$S4 ,\R PHILAN?ROPI/ IS A CASSOCK WANT$ TO MAKE ! POOR WORK SEV5 TO EI<T H\RS EA* ,SUNDAY1 PLUS ?REE A F\R H\RS ( MASS & S]MON1 :I* MAKES 9 ALL ELEV5 TO TWELVE H\RS ( EX]CISE ON ! DAY :5 O!RS RE/4 ,& ?AT FIVE S\S PIECE E>N$ ON ,SUNDAY1 ?AT FRUIT ( AN EXCESSIVE LABOR1 ?AT WAGE ( A PEOPLE AT BAY1 HE *>ITABLY CALLS ALMS6 ,MOSES MEANT ?+S 9 A RA!R DIFF]5T MANN]2 HIS LEGISLATION HAD PROVID$ = ALL1 & IF ! MOD]N NATIONS HAVE NOT FOLL[$ ITS W9D+S1 ?AT WAS NOT ! FAULT ( ! C\NCILS1 :I* WE W\LD DEF5D AGA9/ ! REPROA* ( LACK ( =ESI<T LEVEL$ AGA9/ !M BY ! ABBOT ( ,SA9T-,PI]RE4 .<#b.> 

,! ,ISRAELITES1 ,FLEURY REM>K$1 C\LD NOT *ANGE PLACE1 NOR 5RI* OR RU9 !MSELVES EXCESSIVELY4 ,! REASON IS EASY TO DISCOV]3 AMONG !M ! =TUNES 9 REAL E/ATE W]E EQUAL1 AT LEA/ AS MU* AS ! DIVISION FL[+ FROM SUCCESSIONS & UN=ESE5 ACCID5TS C\LD ALL[4 ,A LAW1 CALL$ LEVIRATE1 HAD EV5 BE5 MADE TO PREV5T ! GOODS ( ONE FAMILY FROM PASS+ TO ANO!R2 & IT WAS SUBJECT TO V>I\S APPLICATIONS1 AS WE SEE FROM ! EXAMPLE ( ,RU? & ( ! DAU<T]S ( ,SALPHAAD4 ,FROM ! BEG9N+1 ! L&S HAD BE5 SUBJECT TO AN EQUAL P>TITION3 A SORT ( G5]AL CADA/] HAD BE5 EXECUT$ BY ,JO%UA1 9 ORD] ?AT 9 C]TA9 CANTONS ! NATURAL /]ILITY ( ! SOIL WAS COMP5SAT$ BY A GREAT] EXT5T ( T]RITORY OR BY O!R EQUIVAL5TS4 ,ACCORD+ TO ! LAW1 NO IMMOVABLE GOOD C\LD BE ALI5AT$ 9 P]PETUITY2 ! LEGISLATOR EXEMPT$ FROM ?AT MEASURE ONLY H\SES 9 T[NS SURR\ND BY WALLS4 ,& ! MOTIVE = ?AT RE/RICTION IS BL9D+LY OBVI\S2 :ILE PROMOT+ ! GR[? ( ! PEOPLE1 HE WANT$ !M TO SPREAD UNI=MLY OV] ! T]RITORY1 9/EAD ( CR[D+ & CORRUPT+ !MSELVES 9 L>GE CITIES4 ,HE F\ND !RE AS WELL A GU>ANTEE ( 9DEP5D5CE & SECURITY = ! NATION3 WE KN[ ?AT ! LURE ( ! WEAL? ( ,J]USALEM WAS ! P]PETUAL CAUSE ( ! 9VASIONS ( ! K+S ( ,EGYPT & ,BABYLON1 &1 9 ! 5D1 ( ! RU9 ( ! :OLE PEOPLE4 

,EV]Y *ILD ( ,ABRAHAM WAS ?US OBLIG$ TO PRES]VE HIS PATRIMONY4 ,EA* %\LD BE ABLE1 9 ! G5]AL PROSP]ITY1 TO EAT B5EA? HIS [N V9E & FIG TREE4 ,!RE W]E NO L>GE F>MS1 NO GREAT DOMA9S4 ,! UN=TUNATE OR 9SOLV5T ,ISRAELITE C\LD /AKE HIS 9H]ITANCE1 ! LEGACY ( HIS FA!R1 AS HE C\LD HIRE \T HIS P]SON & HIS /R5G?1 BUT 9 ! YE> ( ! ,JUBILEE ALL ! PROP]TIES W]E FRE$ ( DEBT & RETURN$ TO !IR MA/]S1 ALL ! S]VITORS W]E FRE$4 ,IT FOLL[$ FROM ?IS ?AT PROP]TY SALES1 BE+ SUBJECT TO REPUR*ASE1 W]E NEGOTIAT$ ) AN EYE TO ! GREAT] OR LESS] PROXIMITY ( ! YE> ( ,JUBILEE2 ?AT DEBTS W]E DIFFICULT = ! SAME REASON1 :I* MADE L5D]S CAUTI\S2 ?AT ! PASSION TO ACQUIRE WAS >RE/$ AT ITS S\RCE1 & ?AT LABOR1 ACTIVITY1 DILIG5CE1 W]E 9EVITABLY MA9TA9$ AMONG ! CITIZ5S4 ,IT ALSO RESULT$ FROM IT1 RELATIVE TO ! ,SABBA?1 ?AT ! EXPLOITABLE MAT]IALS1 OR ! PATRIMONIAL SOIL1 NOT BE+ ABLE TO BE EXT5D$1 C\LD NOT BE 9CREAS$ = ANYONE2 CONSEQU5TLY1 ?AT NO ONE C\LD ADD A SUR*>GE TO HIS [N FATIGUES1 & H5CE1 ?AT IT WAS EASY TO RULE 9 ADVANCE ! DI/RIBUTION ( ! LABORS ( ! WEEK & EV5 ( ! :OLE YE>1 SETT+ ASIDE ! ,SABBA?S & O!R FEA/S4 ,& 9 CASES ( NECESSITY1 SU* AS ! APPROA* ( AN 5EMY TRIBE1 A FIRE OR A /ORM1 WE MU/ BELIEVE1 9 HONOR ( ! HUMAN SPIRIT & ( ! ,JEWI% NATION1 ?AT ! HI< PRIE/ :O SUCCESSOR ( ,A>ON WAS NO MORE EMB>RASS$ TO GRANT EXEMPTIONS ?AN ! LEA/ CURATE 9 \R VILLAGES4.<#c.> 

,AS = ! M]*ANTS1 >TISANS & =EM51 ! EFFECT ( ! SUSP5SION WAS SU* = 9DIVIDUALS ( ALL CONDITIONS1 ?AT A DELAY CAUS$ BY ! ,SABBA? WAS NOT A DELAY1 BECAUSE ?AT DAY NO LONG] C\NT$4 ,NO DEBT1 NO DELIV]Y ( M]*&ISE1 NO REPAYM5T ( LABOR WAS DUE ON ?AT DAY4 ,IT IS ?US ?AT1 ACCORD+ TO \R LAWS & COMM]CIAL PRACTICES1 EV]Y COMM]CIAL PAP] :OSE MATURITY TOOK PLACE ON ,SATURDAY EV5+ WAS ONLY PROTE/ABLE ON ,MONDAY4 

,EQUALITY ( CONDITIONS & =TUNES WAS SO MU* 9 ! ?\<T ( ,MOSES1 ?AT ! MAJORITY ( HIS CIVIL LAWS & RE=MS W]E MADE ) ?AT AIM4 ,! RI<T ( ! ELDE/ HAD EXI/$ UND] ! PATRI>*S3 ,MOSES ABOLI%$ IT1 & ONLY GRANT$ A BONUS TO ! ELDE/4 ,AMONG ! ,HEBREWS1 IT WAS ! HUSB& :O MADE UP ! D[RY1 & NOT ! P>5TS ( ! WIFE1 BECAUSE ! GOODS C\LD NEV] LEAVE ! FAMILY4 ,MR4 ,PA/ORET CALLS ?AT BUY+ A WIFE2 TODAY1 IT IS ! FA!RS :O BUY ! HUSB&S = !IR DAU<T]S4 ,:I* ( ! TWO IS PREF]ABLE8 ,IF A DAU<T] F\ND H]SELF SOLE 9H]ITOR1 )\T MALE *ILDR51 %E C\LD ONLY M>RY )9 H] TRIBE1 &1 AS MU* AS POSSIBLE1 9 H] BLOODL9E2 & 9 ?AT CASE1 ! GOODS ?AT %E BR\<T W]E NOT D[RY1 BUT P>APH]NALIA4 ,! LANGUAGE ITSELF 5%R9$ ?AT PR9CIPLE ( ALL GOOD SOCIETY1 ! EQUALITY ( =TUNES3 ! WORDS *>ITY1 HUMANITY1 & ALMS >E UNKN[N 9 ,HEBREW2 ALL ( ?AT WAS DESIGNAT$ BY ! NAME ( ,J,U,/,I,C,E4 

,BUT H]E AN OBJECTION PRES5TS ITSELF4 ,C\LD ,MOSES LEGITIMATELY1 & )\T 9JUR+ ! RI<T ( FREE DEVELOPM5T ( 9DIVIDUAL =TUNE1 LIMIT ! RI<T ( PROP]TY8 ,9 O!R WORDS1 IS ! EQUALITY CONDITIONS A NATURAL 9/ITUTION8 ,IS IT EQUITABLE8 ,IS IT POSSIBLE8 ,ON EA* ( !SE PO9TS1 ,I D>E TO ANSW] 9 ! AFFIRMATIVE4 

,LET ME REASSURE Y\2 ,I HAVE NO DESIRE TO W>M OV] ! !ORIES FROM ! FAM\S DISC\RSE ON ! 9EQUALITY ( CONDITIONS2 ,GOD =BID ?AT ,I %\LD H]E RECLAIM AS AN UND]P9N+ ! ILL-CONCEIV$ !SIS ( ! PHILOSOPH] ( ,G5EVA6 ,R\SSEAU HAS ALWAYS APPE>$ TO ME TO HAVE NOT UND]/OOD ! CAUSE ?AT HE WANT$ TO DEF5D1 & TO HAVE EMB>RASS$ HIMSELF 9 SOME ( HIS BASELESS A PRIORI >GUM5TS1 :5 IT WAS NECESS>Y TO REASON ACCORD+ TO ! RELATIONS ( ?+S4 ,HIS PR9CIPLES ( CIVIL ORGANIZATION W]E LIKE ?OSE ( HIS POLITICS1 !Y W]E FLAW$ AT BASE3 BY F\ND+ RI<T ON HUMAN CONV5TIONS1 BY MAK+ ! LAW ! EXPRESSION ( WILLS1--9 %ORT1 BY SUBMITT+ JU/ICE & MORALS TO ! DECISION ( ! GREATE/ NUMB] & ! OP9ION ( ! MAJORITY1--HE TURN$ 9 A VICI\S CIRCLE3 HE SUNK MORE & MORE 9TO ! ABYSS FROM :I* HE ?\<T TO DEP>T1 & ABSOLV$ ! SOCIETY ?AT HE ACCUS$4 ,NOT BE+ ABLE1 AT ?IS MOM5T1 )\T LEAV+ ! SCOPE ( MY DISC\RSE1 TO GIVE MYSELF TO A DEEP DISCUSSION ( ?IS MATT]1 ,I WILL CONT5T MYSELF ) SUBMITT+ TO ! JUDGM5T ( ! READ] ! FOLL[+ PROPOSITIONS1 URG$ SOLELY BY FRAT]NITY & SOLID>ITY1 & :OSE NECESS>Y CONCLUSION WILL BE ! SAME AS ,MOSES D]IV$4 ,MOREOV]1 IF ,I DO NOT DISAV[ ! AGR>IAN LAW1 NEI!R DO ,I CA/ MYSELF AS ITS DEF5D]2 ,I ONLY WANT TO PROVE TO ALL ! MONOPOLIZ]S ( LABOR1 EXPLOIT]S ( ! PROLET>IAT1 AUTOCRATS OR FEUDAL LORDS ( 9DU/RY1 HO>D]S & TRIPLE->MOR$ PROPRIETORS1 ?AT ! RI<T TO WORK & LIVE1 GIV5 TO A CR[D ( M5 :O DO NOT 5JOY IT1 :ATEV] ONE SAYS1 WILL BE ON ! P>T ( ! B5EFICI>IES NOT A BONUS1 BUT A RE/ITUTION4 

#a4 ,! MAN :O COMES 9TO ! WORLD IS NOT A USURP] & 9TRUD]2 A MEMB] ( ! GREAT HUMAN FAMILY1 HE IS SEAT$ AT ! COMMON TABLE3 SOCIETY IS NOT A MA/] TO ACCEPT OR REJECT HIM4 ,IF ! FACT ( HIS BIR? DOES NOT GIVE HIM ANY RI<T OV] HIS FELL[S1 NEI!R DOES IT MAKE HIM !IR SLAVE4 

#b4 ,! RI<T TO LIVE BELONGS TO ALL3 EXI/5CE IS ! TAK+ ( POSSESSION ( IT2 LABOR IS ITS CONDITION & MEANS4 

#c4 ,IT IS A CRIME TO MONOPOLIZE LIVELIHOODS2 IT IS A CRIME TO MONOPOLIZE LABOR4 

#d4 ,:5 A *ILD IS BORN1 NONE ( ITS BRO!RS HAVE A RI<T TO CONTE/ ! NEWCOM]'S EQUAL P>TICIPATION 9 ! FA!R'S GOODS4 ,SIMIL>LY1 !RE >E NO JUNIOR MEMB]S ( A NATION4 

#e4 ,ALL ! BRO!RS HAVE AN EQUAL DUTY TO SUPPORT ! FAMILY3 ! SAME ?+ IS TRUE BETWE5 ! CITIZ5S4 

#f4 ,AFT] ! DEA? ( ! FA!R1 NONE CAN DEM& A %>E ( ! E/ATE PROPORTIONAL TO HIS AGE1 TO HIS /R5G?1 TO ! TAL5T ?AT HE HAS BE5 GIV51 OR TO ! S]VICES HE SAYS HE HAS R5D]$3 UNEQUAL DIVISION IS ESS5TIALLY CONTR>Y TO ! SPIRIT ( ! FAMILY4 ,TO ACCOMMODATE ONE IS TO D5Y ! O!R4 -- ,JU/ AS ! CITY RECOGNIZES NEI!R PREEM95CE1 NOR PRIVILEGES ( DUTIES & EMPLOYM5TS3 IT ACCORDS TO ALL ! SAME FAVOR & REW>D4 

#g4 ,MAN IS A TRANSI5T ON ! E>?3 ! SAME SOIL :I* FE$S HIM HAS F$ HIS FA!R & WILL FE$ HIS *ILDR54 ,! DOMA9 ( MAN1 NO MATT] IS OBJECT1 IS NOT ABSOLUTE3 ! 5JOYM5T ( GOODS MU/ BE RUL$ BY ! LAW4 

#h4 ,WE PUNI% ! MAN :O BURNS D[N HIS H\SE OR PUTS FIRE TO HIS CROPS2 9 ?IS WE DO NOT HAVE 9 VIEW ONLY ! SECURITY ( ! NEI<BOR & GUE/1 BUT WE ALSO WANT TO MAKE IT UND]/OOD ?AT1 ! MAN ALWAYS RECEIV+ MORE FROM SOCIETY ?AN HE C\LD GIVE BACK TO IT1 :AT HE PRODUCES NO LONG] BELONGS TO HIM4 ,! >TISAN1 ! WRIT]1 & ! >TI/1 EA* 9 ?AT :I* CONC]NS HIS WORK1 MU/ BE SUBJECT TO ?AT LAW4 

,A MOM5T WILL SUFFICE TO APPRECIATE :AT DI/ANCE !RE IS BETWE5 SU* A DOCTR9E & ?AT ( ,JEAN-,JACQUES3 ! ONE E/ABLI%$ ! RESPECTIVE RI<TS ( ! CITIZ5S ON ! FAMILIAL REGIME2 ! O!R ON CONV5TIONS & CONTRACTS1 :I* ALWAYS C>RY A G]M ( ! >BITR>Y1 & GIVE RISE TO ALL SORTS ( DESPOTISM4 

,:AT PITY !Y 9SPIRE 9 ME1 !SE MAK]S ( TE>-/A9$ HOMILIES1 !SE FRI5DS ( ! PEOPLE1 !SE FRI5DS ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 !SE FRI5DS ( ! HUMAN RACE1 !SE PHILAN?ROPI/S ( EV]Y SORT1 M$ITAT+ AT !IR EASE ON ! EVILS ( !IR FELL[S1 :O SUFF]1 9 A FEEBLE IDL5ESS1 BECAUSE ! POOR HAVE ONLY SIX DAYS ( TOIL1 & NEV] CONCLUDE ANY?+ FROM ! 9SUFFICI5CY ( !IR WAGES1 EXCEPT3 0,Y\ MU/ WORK6 ,Y\ MU/ SAVE60 ,LIKE ?AT DOCTOR :O1 TREAT+ A PATI5T ) SCR(ULA1 CON/ANTLY APPLI$ A NEW PAT* TO A NEW ULC]1 & ONLY NEGLECT$ TO TRY TO PURIFY ! MASS ( ! BLOOD1 !SE DOCTORS ALWAYS HAVE ON H& SOME TOPICAL ( REC5T 9V5TION & R>E EFFECTIV5ESS3 NO?+ IS =GOTT5 BY !M1 EXCEPT ONE ?+ ) :I* !Y H>DLY TR\BL$ !MSELVES1 :I* IS TO TURN TO ! S\RCE ( ! EVIL4 ,BUT LET US NOT FE> ?AT !Y WILL 5GAGE 9 ?AT SE>*1 :I* W\LD 9FALLIBLY LEAD !M :]E !Y NEV] WANT TO LOOK1 AT !MSELVES4 ,) !IR CAPITAL1 !IR MA*9ES1 !IR PRIVILEGES1 !Y 9VADE ALL1 & !N !Y BECOME 9DIGNANT ?AT ONE TAKES LABOR FROM ! LABOR]4 ,AS MU* AS !Y CAN1 !Y LEAVE NO?+ = ANYONE TO DO1 & !Y CRY ?AT ! PEOPLE WA/E !IR TIME2 ALL MAGNIFIC5T 9 !IR FL\RI%+ IDL5ESS1 !Y SAY TO ! J\RNEYMAN )\T WORK3 0,WORK60 ,& !N1 :5 ! CANK] ( PAUP]ISM COMES TO TR\BLE !IR SLEEP ) ITS HIDE\S VISIONS1 :5 ! EXHAU/$ SUFF]] WRI!S ON HIS PALLET1 :5 ! />V+ PROLET>IAN H[LS 9 ! /REET1 !N !Y PROPOSE SOME PRIZE = ! EXT9CTION ( BEGG+1 !Y GIVE DANCES = ! POOR1 !Y GOT TO ! %[1 !Y ?R[ P>TIES1 !Y HOLD LOTT]IES = ! 9DIG5T1 !Y TAKE PLEASURE 9 GIV+ ALMS1 & !Y APPLAUD !MSELVES6 ,AH6 ,IF ! WISDOM ( MOD]N TIMES IS EXHAU/$ = SU* LOVELY RESULTS1 SU* WAS NOT ! SPIRIT ( ALL ( ANTIQUITY1 NOR ! TEA*+ ( ,JESUS ,*RI/4 

,WE KN[ ! P>ABLE RELAT$ 9 ,MAT!W1 ,*APT] #b1 9 :I* ,JESUS ,*RI/ PROPOSES AS A MODEL ! HEAD ( A FAMILY :O HAD RIS5 E>LY 9 ! MORN+ TO S5D \T LABOR]S TO HIS V9EY>D4 ,HE PAID ONE D5I] P] DAY4 ,AS HE HAD OCCASION TO PASS ?R\< ! PLACE SEV]AL TIMES DUR+ ! DAY1 EA* TIME ?AT HE SAW SOME DAYLABOR]S )\T WORK1 HE BR\<T !M TO HIS V9EY>D4 ,:5 NI<T CAME1 HE GAVE EV]YONE ONE D5I]4 ,!RE W]E MURMURS & PROTE/ATIONS3 ,WE HAVE C>RI$ ! BURD5 ( ! DAY & HEAT1 SAID SOME1 :ILE ?OSE HAVE DONE ALMO/ NO?+1 & !Y >E TREAT$ LIKE US6--,MY FRI5D1 SAID ! H\SEHOLD] TO ONE ( ! MALCONT5TS1 ,I HAVE DONE Y\ NO WRONG3 DIDN'T Y\ AGREE ) ME ON ONE D5I]8 ,TAKE !N :AT IS DUE TO Y\1 & GO Y\R WAY3 IF IT PLEASES ME TO GIVE TO ONE AS TO ANO!R2 CAN'T ,I DO :AT SEEMS GOOD TO ME1 & MU/ ,I CEASE TO BE HUMAN BECAUSE Y\ >E 5VI\S8 ,) ME ! LA/ >E LIKE ! FIR/1 & ! FIR/ LIKE ! LA/4 

,?IS IS ! MORAL TALE :I* HAS SO REVOLT$ ! EQUITABLE REASON ( ! PHILOSOPH]S1 & ( :I* ,I HAVE NOT ALWAYS ?\<T )\T \TRAGE1 ?\< ,I ASK P>DON = IT FROM ! DIV9E WISDOM ( ! AU?OR ( ! ,GOSPELS4 ,:AT TRU? IS TAU<T TO US 9 ?AT LESSON ( ! H\SEHOLD]8 ,! V]Y SAME TRU? ( :I* ,I HAVE JU/ PRES5T$1 9 ! =M ( A PROPOSITION1 ! PR9CIPAL COROLL>IES3 ?AT EV]Y 9EQUALITY ( BIR?1 ( AGE1 ( /R5G? OR ABILITY1 VANI%ES BE=E ! RI<T ( ! 9DIVIDUAL TO PRODUCE !IR SUBSI/5CE1 :I* IS EXPRESS$ BY ! EQUALITY ( CONDITIONS & GOODS2 ?AT ! DIFF]5CES ( APTITUDE OR SKILL 9 ! WORK]S1 & ( QUANTITY OR QUALITY 9 ! EXECUTION ( ! WORK1 DISAPPE> 9 ! SOCIAL LABOR1 :5 ALL ! MEMB]S HAVE DONE !IR BE/1 BECAUSE !N !Y HAVE DONE !IR DUTY2 9 %ORT1 ?AT ! DISPROPORTION ( P[] 9 9DIVIDUALS IS NEUTRALIZ$ BY ! G5]AL EF=T4 ,H]E AGA9 IS ! CONDEMNATION ( ALL ?OSE !ORIES ( DIVISION 9 PROPORTION TO M]IT OR CAPACITY1 9CREAS+ OR DECREAS+ ACCORD+ TO CAPITAL1 LABOR OR TAL5T1 !ORIES :OSE IMMORALITY IS FLAGRANT1 S9CE !Y >E DIAMETRICALLY OPPOS$ TO ! FAMILIAL RI<T1 BASIS ( ! CIVIL RI<T1 & S9CE !Y VIOLATE ! LIB]TY ( ! LABOR] & IGNORE ! FACT ( COLLECTIVE PRODUCTION1 ! UNIQUE SAFEGU>D AGA9/ ! EXAGG]ATION ( EV]Y RELATIVE SUP]IORITY2 !ORIES F\ND$ ON ! BASES ( S5TIM5TS & ! VILE/ ( ! PASSIONS1 S9CE !Y ONLY TURN ON SELFI%NESS2 !ORIES1 F9ALLY1 :I*1 TO ! %AME ( !IR MAGNIFIC5T AU?ORS1 CONTA91 AFT] ALL1 ONLY ! REJUV5ATION & REHABILITATION1 UND] P]HAPS MORE REGUL> =MS1 ( ! SAME CIVILIZATION ?AT !Y D5IGRATE :ILE IMITAT+ IT1 A CIVILIZATION :I* IS WOR? NO?+1 BUT :I* !Y RESUSCITATE4 ,NATURE1 SAID !SE SECT>IANS1 %[S US 9EQUALITY EV]Y:]E3 LET US FOLL[ ITS 9DICATIONS4 -- ,YES1 RESPONDS ,JESUS ,*RI/1 BUT 9EQUALITY IS ! LAW ( ! BEA/S1 NOT ( M54 -- ,H>MONY IS ! DAU<T] ( 9EQUALITY4 -- ,LY+ SOPHI/1 H>MONY IS EQUILIBRIUM 9 DIV]SITY4 -- ,REMOVE ?IS BALANCE1 Y\ WILL DE/ROY ! H>MONY4 

,I HALT MYSELF1 = ,I W\LD NOT D>E PURSUE ?IS SACRILEGI\S COLLOQUY FUR!R4 ,:5 ,JESUS ,*RI/1 EXPLA9+ TO ! PEOPLE ! DIFF]5T >TICLES ( ! ,DECALOGUE1 TAU<T !M ?AT POLYGAMY HAD BE5 P]MITT$ TO ! ANCI5TS BECAUSE ( ! RUD5ESS ( !IR 9TELLIG5CE1 BUT ?AT IT HAD NOT BE5 ?US 9 ! BEG9N+2 ?AT A BAD DESIRE IS EQUAL TO A =NICATION CONSUMMAT$2 ?AT 9SULT & AFFRONT >E AS REPREH5SIBLE AS MURD] & BL[S2 ?AT HE IS A P>RICIDE :O SAYS TO HIS POOR FA!R3 0,?IS MORN+ ,I HAVE PRAY$ TO ,GOD = Y\2 ?AT WILL B5EFIT Y\40 ,HE SAID NO?+ ( ! #h? COMM&M5T1 :I* CONC]N$ !FT1 JUDG+ ! H>DNESS ( HE>T ( HIS AUDI5CE /ILL TOO GREAT = ! TRU? ?AT HE HAD TO SPEAK4 ,AFT] EI<TE5 C5TURIES1 >E WE WOR?Y TO HE> IT8 

,EQUALITY ( CONDITIONS IS 9 CON=MITY ) REASON & IT IS AN IRREFUTABLE RI<T4 ,IT IS 9 ! SPIRIT ( ,*RI/IANITY1 & IT IS ! AIM ( SOCIETY4 ,! LEGISLATION ( ,MOSES DEMON/RATES ?AT IT CAN BE ATTA9$4 ,?AT SUBLIME DOGMA1 SO FRI<T5+ 9 \R TIME1 HAS ITS ROOTS 9 ! MO/ 9TIMATE DEP?S ( ! CONSCI5CE1 :]E IT IS MIX$ UP ) ! V]Y NOTION ( JU/ICE & RI<T4 ,?\ %ALT NOT /EAL1 SAYS ! ,DECALOGUE1 :I* IS TO SAY1 ) ! VIGOR ( ! ORIG9AL T]M1 LO ?IGNOB1 Y\ WILL DIV]T NO?+1 Y\ WILL PUT NO?+ ASIDE = Y\RSELF4.<#d.> ,! EXPRESSION IS G5]AL1 LIKE ! IDEA ITSELF3 IT =BIDS NOT ONLY !FT COMMITT$ ) VIOL5CE & BY RUSE1 FRAUD & BRIG&AGE1 BUT ALSO EV]Y SORT ( GA9 ACQUIR$ FROM O!RS )\T !IR FULL AGREEM5T4 ,IT IMPLIES1 9 %ORT1 ?AT EV]Y VIOLATION ( EQUALITY ( DIVISION1 EV]Y PREMIUM >BITR>ILY DEM&$1 & TYRANNICALLY COLLECT$1 EI!R 9 EX*ANGE1 OR FROM ! LABOR ( O!RS1 IS A VIOLATION ( COMMUNICATIVE JU/ICE1 IT IS A MISAPPROPRIATION4 ,IT IS ?AT DEP? ( MEAN+ ?AT ,JESUS ,*RI/ HAD 9 M9D 9 HIS P>ABLE ( ! WORK]S 9 ! V9EY>D1 VEIL+ BY DESIGN SOME TRU?S ?AT IT W\LD HAVE BE5 DANG]\S TO LEAVE TOO UNCOV]$1 BUT ?AT HE DID NOT WANT HIS DISCIPLES TO BE UNAW>E (4 ,YES1 HE W\LD HAVE TOLD !M 9 HIS SUBLIME LANGUAGE1 IF HE HAD ?\<T IT USEFUL TO EXPRESS HIMSELF )\T VEILS1 HE W\LD HAVE SAID TO ! ANCI5TS3 0,?\ %ALT NOT /EAL4 ,& ,I SAY UNTO Y\3 ,:OEV] IMPOSES A TAX ON ! FIELD1 ! BULLOCK1 ! ASS OR ! COAT ( HIS BRO!R1 IS A ROBB]40 ,DID HE =ESEE ?AT1 DESPITE ! FEEBLE ATTEMPTS ?AT HAVE BE5 MADE AFT] HIS DEA?1 HIS DOCTR9E W\LD BE UNABLE TO F9D ITS APPLICATION = SO LONG1 & DID HE ONLY WANT TO 5TRU/ TO HIS *UR* A SE$ ( SALVATION1 :I* W\LD BE DISCOV]$ AGA9 UND] MORE OPPORTUNE CIRCUM/ANCES8 ,?IS IS A POSSIBILITY TO :I* WE CANNOT REFUSE \R SUPPORT1 :5 WE RELATE HIS ?\<T TO ! ANXI\S TIMES 9 :I* WE LIVE4 

,9DE$1 :AT DO WE SEE ALL >\ND US8 ,H]E >E SOME M51 BOR$ & DISCONT5T$ 9 ! MID/ ( OPUL5CE1 & POOR DESPITE !IR WEAL?2 !RE >E SOME MANEUV]S :I* DE/ITUTION PREV5TS !IR REASON & !IR S\L FROM EV5 DREAM+ (1--SO ?AT !Y >E HAPPY EV5 :5 !Y F9D !MSELVES WORK+ ON ,SUNDAY6 ,! EXCESS ( SELFI%NESS PROVOKES G5]AL HORROR1 SOME SOPHI/S 9DOCTR9ATE ! MULTITUDE1 BUT A PROVID5TIAL 9/9CT /ILL PRES]VES US FROM !IR UN9TELLIGIBLE SY/EMS1 &1 9 ! MID/ ( ALL ?AT1 ,*RI/IANITY1 F+] RE/+ ON ! ,DECALOGUE1 & )\T EXPLA9+ MORE1 UPHOLDS ! CELEBRATION ( ! DAY :I* R5D]S US ALL EQUALS BY MAK+ US ALL BRO!RS4 ,DOES IT NOT TELL US CLE>LY 5\<3 !RE IS A TIME TO WORK & A TIME TO RE/44 ,IF SOME AMONG Y\ HAVE NO RE/1 IT IS BECAUSE O!RS HAVE TOO MU* LEISURE4 ,MORTALS1 SEEK TRU? & JU/ICE2 RETURN TO Y\RSELVES1 REP5T1 & RE=M444 

,?ANKS %\LD BE GIV5 TO ! C\NCILS :I*1 BETT] ADVIS$ ?AN ! ABBOTS ( ! EI<TE5? C5TURY1 HAVE RUL$ 9FLEXIBLY ON ! OBS]VATION ( ,SUNDAY3 & MAY IT PLEASE ,GOD ?AT ! RESPECT = ?AT DAY %\LD /ILL BE AS SACR$ = US AS IT HAS BE5 = \R FA!RS6 ,! EVIL ?AT GNAWS AT US W\LD BE MORE KE5LY FELT1 & ! REM$Y P]HAPS MORE PROMPTLY P]CEIV$4 ,IT IS UP TO ! PRIE/S 9 P>TICUL> TO AWAK5 SPIRITS FROM !IR SLEEP3 LET !M C\RAGE\SLY GRASP ! NOBLE MISSION :I* IS (F]$ TO !M1 BE=E O!RS GRASP IT4 ,PROP]TY HAS NOT YET MADE ITS M>TYRS3 IT IS ! LA/ ( ! FALSE GODS4 ,! QUE/ION ( ! EQUALITY ( CONDITIONS & =TUNES HAS ALREADY BE5 RAIS$1 BUT AS A !ORY )\T PR9CIPLES3 WE MU/ TAKE IT UP AGA9 & GO 9TO IT 9 ALL ITS TRU?4 ,PREA*$ 9 ! NAME ( ,GOD1 & CONSECRAT$ BY ! VOICE ( ! PRIE/1 IT W\LD SPREAD LIKE LI<TN+3 ONE W\LD BELIEVE 9 ! COM+ ( ! SON ( MAN4 ,= IT WILL BE ) ?AT DOCTR9E AS ) SO MANY O!RS3 FIR/ IT WILL BE BOO$ & LOA!D1 !N IT WILL BE TAK5 9TO CONSID]ATION1 & DISCUSSION WILL BE E/ABLI%$2 !N IT WILL BE RECOGNIZ$ AS JU/ AT BASE1 BUT ILL-TIM$2 !N F9ALLY1 DESPITE ALL ! OPPOSITIONS1 IT WILL TRIUMPH4 ,BUT /RAI<T AWAY A PROBLEM WILL PRES5T ITSELF3 ,TO F9D A /ATE ( SOCIAL EQUALITY :I* W\LD BE NEI!R COMMUNITY1 NOR DESPOTISM1 NOR ALLOTM5T1 NOR AN>*Y1 BUT LIB]TY 9 ORD] & 9DEP5D5CE 9 UNITY4 ,& ?IS FIR/ PROBLEM BE+ RESOLV$1 !RE REMA9S A SECOND3 TO 9DICATE ! BE/ ME?OD ( TRANSITION4 ,?AT IS ! :OLE PROBLEM ( HUMANITY4 

,! EQUALITY ( GOODS IS A CONDITION ( LIB]TY4 ,LIKE LIB]TY1 ! RI<T ( ASSOCIATION1 & ! REPUBLIC1 >E CONDITIONS ( EV]Y CIVIL & RELIGI\S CELEBRATION3 ,I NE$1 9 ORD] TO TREAT MY SUBJECT ?OR\<LY1 TO DWELL ON ALL ! CONSID]ATIONS :I* CAME BE=E4 

,! FIRME/ RAMP>T ( ! 9/ITUTION ( ! ,SABBA?1 & ITS MO/ VIGILANT GU>DIAN1 WAS ! PRIE/HOOD4 ,! ,LEVITES DID NOT =M A CONGREGATION PLAC$ AP>T FROM ! REPUBLIC & COMPLETELY =EIGN TO CIVIL SOCIETY4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 !Y W]E ! GR& SPR+1 ! K+-P9 ( ! ,/ATE4 ,!IR ,HEBREW NAME1 COHANIM1 MEANS M9I/]S OR FUNCTION>IES4 ,?US1 BESIDES ! MULTIPLY+ DUTIES !Y FULFILL$ AT ! SACRIFICES1 9 ! SYNAGOGUES1 ! MAJORITY ( ! CIVIL EMPLOYM5TS W]E 5TRU/$ TO !M4 0,JU/ICE10 SAYS ,FLEURY1 :OM ,I ALWAYS CITE BECAUSE ,I CAN ?9K OR SPEAK NO BETT]1 0WAS ADM9I/]$ BY TWO SORTS ( (FIC]S1 SOPHETIM 7JUDGES71 SOT]IM 7BAILIFFS1 S]GEANTS1 >*]S1 EXECUTION]S74 ,!SE *>GES W]E GIV51 !RE WAS NO DI/9CTION BETWE5 ! TRIBUNALS2 ! SAME JUDGES DECID$ CASE ( CONSCI5CE & CLOS$ CIVIL OR CRIM9AL TRIALS4 ,?US1 ONLY A FEW DIFF]5T (FICES W]E NE$$1 & FEW (FIC]S1 9 COMP>ISON ) :AT WE SEE TODAY4 ,= IT IS %AMEFUL = US TO BE A SIMPLE 9DIVIDUAL444 EV]YONE WANTS TO BE A PUBLIC FIGURE40 

,! ,LEVITES1 LIKE ! FETIALS AMONG ! ,ROMANS1.<#e.> MADE ! DECL>ATIONS ( W> & CALL$ ! PEOPLE TO >MS4 ,9 ! >MY1 !Y M>*$ 9 ! FIR/ RANK1 S\ND$ ! TRUMPET1 & L$ ! COMBATANTS4 ,IT WAS GOOD ?AT ! SAME M5 :O 9 TIMES ( PEACE S]V$ AS C\NSELS & TEA*]S1 L$ ! CITIZ5S 9TO COMBAT4 ,?US WE HAVE SE5 9 ! MO/ H]OIC C5TURY ( \R HI/ORY1 :5 ! >MIES ( ! K+S 9VAD$ ! HOMEL&1 MORE ?AN ONE S*OOLMA/] >M$ ) A RIFLE1 H>ANGUE HIS /UD5TS1 &1 ALL TOGE!R1 S++ ! HYMN ( W>1 RU% (F TO ! FIELD ( BATT]1 & CONQU] OR DIE = LIB]TY4 ,:Y %\LDN'T \R PRIE/S EMULATE !M8 

,! ,LEVITES ALONE ADM9I/]$ NE>LY ALL ! M$IC9E1 :I* WAS NE>LY LIMIT$ TO DIETETICS & HYGI5E4 ,!Y W]E *>G$ ) ! POLIC+ ( LEP]S & ALL ! LEGAL IMPURITIES1 :I* NECESSITAT$ ON !IR P>T SOME RA!R EXT5D$ !ORETICAL /UDIES1 & A PA9/AK+ DIAGNOSE4 ,WE CAN SEE 9 ,LEVITICUS ! DETAILS ( ! PROHIBIT$ FOODS1 & ! PRECAUTIONS TAK5 TO RECOGNIZE ! APPE>ANCE ( ?AT =MIDABLE MALADY1 LEPROSY4 

,AFT] ALL ?AT1 ONE C\LD BELIEVE ?AT ! PREPOND]ANCE ( ,LEVITES 9 ! BODY ( ! ,/ATE WAS IMM5SE1 & ?AT IT W\LD CON/ANTLY ?REAT5 ! 9DEP5D5CE ( ! TRIBES3 ?IS WAS NOT ! CASE AT ALL4 ,AMONG ! ,HEBREWS1 !RE W]E NO CA/ES2 OR IF Y\ PREF]1 EA* TRIBE WAS ! CA/E )9 ! RANGE ( ITS T]RITORY4 ,! ,LEVITES W]E ! ONLY COSMOPOLITANS 9 ! C\NTRY & SPREAD ALL ?R\< ! NATION ACCORD+ TO ! NE$S ( !IR S]VICE4 ,HAV+ HAD NO %>E 9 ! DIVISION ( ! L&S1 !Y POSSESS$ NO L& ( !IR [N2 !Y W]E ONLY ALL[$ TO RAISE SOME H]DS ON ! M>G9S ( ! T[NS :]E !Y LIV$4 ,!IR :OLE SUBSI/5CE CAME FROM ! PEOPLE1 BY WAY ( SACRIFICES & (F]+2 !SE W]E ! SAL>IES ?AT ,MOSES HAD ASSIGN$ TO HIS PUBLIC S]VANTS 9 A TIME & PLACE :]E MONEY WAS LITTLE US$4 ,! ACCURACY ( !IR PAYM5T WAS ONLY GU>ANTE$ BY ! ,SABBA?4 ,SU* WAS ALSO ! ORIG9 ( ! CASUEL PAID TO \R [N VILLAGE PRIE/S4 0,! LEGISLATOR1 BY 5TRU/+ ! ,LEVITE TO ! G5]OSITY ( ! O!R FAMILIES1 WANT$ TO 9CREASE ! UNION ( ALL4 ,ON HIS P>T1 ! *ILD ( ,LEVI NATURALLY CLUNG TO ! LAW BY :I* HE HELD HIS MEANS ( LIV+1 TO ! PEACE & PUBLIC ABUNDANCE :I* BR\<T ABUNDANCE & PEACE TO HIM4 ,EV5 FROM SELF-9T]E/1 HE HAD TO RESPECT ?AT LAW 9 ORD] = O!RS TO RESPECT IT2 FROM SELF-9T]E/1 HE HAD TO PUBLI% IT1 SO ?AT NO ONE =GOT ! PRECEPTS :I* SANCTION$ HIS RI<T2 F9ALLY1 FROM SELF-9T]E/1 HE HAD TO OV]SEE ITS FULL EXECUTION40 7,S,A,L,V,A,D,O,R1 ,9/ITUTIONS DE ,MOSES47 ,BUT1 S9CE ,MOSES DID NOT P]MIT CA/ES OR PRIVILEGES1 :Y ASSIGN ONE 5TIRE TRIBE TO PUBLIC FUNCTIONS1 & EXCLUDE ALL ! O!RS8 ,:Y1 9TRODUC+ A NECESS>Y ORD] 9TO ! ,/ATE1 DID HE NOT LEAVE IT TO ?AT ORD] TO RECRUIT = ITSELF FROM AMONG ALL ! PEOPLE8 ,FIR/1 IT IS NOT TRUE ?AT ! PRIE/S W]E ! ONLY PUBLIC FUNCTION>IES3 !RE EXI/$ 9 EA* T[N A COMMUNAL C\NCIL COMPOS$ ( ALL ! HEADS ( FAMILIES1 :I* *OSE FROM ITS [N RANKS A L>GE NUMB] ( PUBLIC (FIC]S4 ,!RE WAS BESIDES A SORT ( S5ATE OR ELECT$ NATIONAL REPRES5TATIVES = EA* TRIBE4 ,F9ALLY1 ! NATION HAD AT ITS HEAD A SUPREME ASSEMBLY1 CALL$ ! ,SANH$R91 =M$ ( ! DEPUTIES ( ALL ! PEOPLE4 ,BUT BY GIV+ GU>DIAN%IP ( ! LAWS & SU* A GREAT P>T ( ! EXECUTIVE P[] TO ! PRIE/HOOD1 ,MOSES ACT$ 9 CON=MITY ) ! USAGES & OP9IONS ( HIS TIMES4 ,EV]Y:]E1 ! PRIE/HOOD WAS ! PRIVILEGE ( C]TA9 FAMILIES3 ,9DIA & ,EGYPT >E FAM\S EXAMPLES ( ?IS4 ,ANO!R REASON = ?IS CONDUCT IS ?AT ,MOSES DESIR$ ! PRES]VATION ( HIS WORK4 ,AFT] DIVID+ ! L& BETWE5 ! ELEV5 TRIBES1 HE HAD ORDA9$ ?AT ! ,LEVITES1 SAL>I$ BY ! ,/ATE1 W\LD HAVE NO PLACE 9 ,ISRAEL1 BECAUSE ! PR9CIPLE ( EQUALITY :I* WAS ! BASIS ( ! CON/ITUTION WAS 9COMPATIBLE ) ! ACCUMULATION ( PROP]TIES & PLACES4 ,TO ADMIT 9TO ! PRIE/LY ORD] AN 9DIVIDUAL CAPABLE ( 9H]IT+1 W\LD BE TO 9TRODUCE PROP]TY 9TO PUBLIC S]VICE PUBLIC & TO DE/ROY ! NATIONAL EQUILIBRIUM4--,BUT1 IT IS SAID1 C\LD ,MOSES ORDA9 ?AT ANYONE :O BECOMES A PRIE/ LOSES ! ABILITY TO BE AN HEIR8 ,I DO NOT BELIEVE ?AT ?IS OBJECTION W\LD BE MADE BY A JURI/4 ,! =E?\<T ( A LEGISLATOR AIMS TO MAKE ABSOLUTE LAWS & TO AVOID ALL QUALIFICATION4 

,I BELIEVE ?AT !SE QUICK REFLECTIONS WILL NOT BE REG>D$ AS BEYOND ! SCOPE ( ! WORK1 S9CE1 TAK5 9 ! CONTEXT ( \R ,SUNDAY CELEBRATION1 !Y 5C\RAGE REFLECTION1 MU* MORE ?AN A SPECIAL DISC\RSE W\LD1 ON ! CLOSE AFF9ITY :I* UNITES ! OCCUPATION ( ! PRIE/ ) ! HAPP9ESS ( ! FAMILIES4 ,I WILL DISP5SE !N ) MAK+ ANY COMP>ISON BETWE5 ! ANCI5T & MOD]N PRIE/HOOD1 & EMPHASIZE ! COMMON L9KS1 :I* WE ALL KN[4 ,IT IS ON ,SUNDAY ?AT ! *>ACT] ( ! PRIE/1 9 ITS CONCILIATORY & APO/OLIC ASPECTS1 %9ES 9 ALL ITS BRI<TNESS4 ,! VISIT ( ! P>I% PRIE/ IS ! JOY ( ! RURAL FAMILY4 ,SICKNESS RELIEV$1 ! POOR RESCU$1 ! UN=TUNATE SOO!D1 HATR$ QUELL$1 5EMIES RECONCIL$1 SP\SES REUNIT$1 & ALL ?R\< ! WORK ( ! P>I% PRIE/6444 ,N[ ! PRIE/1 ESPECIALLY 9 ! C\NTRY1 DOES NOT HAVE MU* TIME AT HIS DISPOSAL4 ,HE MU/ SEIZE ! MOM5TS AS !Y PASS1 & IT IS ON ,SUNDAY ?AT HIS DUTIES MULTIPLY1 HIS WORKS BE> ! MO/ BEAUTIFUL FRUITS2 IT IS ON ,SUNDAY ?AT HE DISCOV]S ALL ! GOOD ?AT HE CAN DO4 

,I,I,I 

,I APPROA* :AT IS P]HAPS ! MO/ DIFFICULT P>T ( MY SUBJECT1 BECAUSE ( ! PITFALL ?AT IT SEEMS TO COV]3 MORAL UTILITY4 ,:AT IS ! 9FLU5CE1 ON ! MORALS ( 9DIVIDUALS & ( SOCIETY1 ( ! OBS]VATION ( ,SUNDAY CONSID]$ 9 ITSELF1 9DEP5D5T ( ! =CE ?AT RELIGION L5DS TO IT1 & SETT+ ASIDE FAI? 9 DOGMAS & MY/]IES8 ,SU* IS1 AT LEA/1 ! MANN] 9 :I* ,I TAKE UP ! QUE/ION1 & ,I DO NOT ?9K1 ,I ADMIT1 ?AT ONE C\LD UND]/& IT O!RWISE4 ,IT IS NOT A QUE/ION ( LAUN*+ ONESELF 9TO ! VA/ FIELD ( RELIGI\S OP9IONS1 TO DEMON/RATE ! UTILITY ( PUBLIC WOR%IP BY ! B5EFITS ( RELIGION4 ,ALL !SE QUE/IONS >E PO9TLESS & EV51 ) REG>D TO TRU?1 TRIVIAL4 ,IT IS NOT A HOMILY ON ! EFFECTIV5ESS ( ,SUNDAY AS A S\RCE ( DIV9E FAVORS ?AT IS CALL$ =1 IT IS ! 9DICATION ( ! RELATIONS ?AT CAN EXI/ BETWE5 A CONSPICU\S1 PUBLIC C]EMONY & ! AFFECTIONS ( ! S\L4 ,?US1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO SEP>ATE ! MAT]IAL FROM ! SPIRITUAL1 ! NOM9AL FROM ! AB/RACT1 ! HUMAN FROM ! REVEAL$1 & SAY ?AT :AT ONE PRACTICES AP>T FROM SOCIETY1 ISOLAT$1 /ILL PRES]VES SOME MORAL UTILITY2 = ! ?\<T ( ! F\ND] HAD TO HAVE BE5 ?AT EV]Y RELIGI\S OBS]VANCE HAS ITS NATURAL AS WELL AS ITS !OLOGICAL REASON4 

,ANO!R DI/9CTION IS /ILL NECESS>Y4 ,! MORAL EFFECTS ( ,SUNDAY >E EI!R M$IATE OR IMM$IATE4 ,BY M$IATE EFFECTS1 ,I MEAN ?OSE :I* RISE FROM ! CIRCUM/ANCES :I* ACCOMPANY ! ,SUNDAY CELEBRATION2 SU* >E ! RELATIONS ( FAMILY & CITY1 ) :I* ,I WILL NOT CONC]N MYSELF FUR!R2 & BY IMM$IATE EFFECTS ,I UND]/& ?OSE ?AT ,SUNDAY PRODUCES BY ITS [N SPECIAL ACTION1 9DEP5D5T ( EV]Y SOCIAL OR DOME/IC 9FLU5CE4 ,?IS DI/9CTION1 RELATIVELY UNIMPORTANT 9 PRACTICE1 HAS ! ADVANTAGE ( BETT] SPECIFY+ MY PO9T ( VIEW1 & SP>+ ME REPETITIONS4 

0,NATURE HAS PLAC$ )9 MAN ! FEEL+S ( PLEASURE & SADNESS1 :I* =CE HIM TO AVOID ! PHYSICAL OBJECTS ?AT SEEM H>MFUL TO HIM1 & TO SEEK ?OSE ?AT SUIT HIM4 ,! *IEF WORK ( SOCIETY WILL BE TO CREATE 9 HIM A RAPID 9/9CT = MORAL AFFAIRS1 :I*1 )\T ! T>DY AID ( REASON+1 W\LD LEAD HIM TO DO GOOD & AVOID EVIL4 ,= ! 9DIVIDUAL REASON ( MAN1 LEAD A/RAY BY HIS PASSIONS1 IS (T5 ONLY A SOPHI/ :O PLEADS !IR CAUSE1 & ! AU?ORITY ( ! MAN CAN ALWAYS BE ATTACK$ BY HIS LOVE ( SELF4 ,N[1 :AT PRODUCES OR REPLACES ?AT PRECI\S 9/9CT1 :AT MAKES UP = ! 9SUFFICI5CY ( HUMAN AU?ORITY1 IS ! S5TIM5T ?AT N\RI%ES & DEVELOPS ! COMPULSORY EX]CISE ( WOR%IP2 IT IS ?IS RESPECT MIX$ ) FE> ?AT 9SPIRES = ! MORAL PRECEPTS ! FULL SPECTACLE & MAJE/Y ( ! SOLEMNITIES :I* CONSECRATE & CELEBRATE !M40.<#f.> 

,! ?\<T EXPRESS$ 9 ?IS PASSAGE IS +5I\S & BEAUTIFUL2 :AT'S MORE1 IT IS P]FECTLY TRUE4 ,?AT QUICK 9/9CT1 ?AT SECOND CONSCI5CE1 IF ,I D>E PUT IT ?US1 HAS BE5 CREAT$ 9 ! HE>T ( ! ,ISRAELITE BY ! ,SABBA?1 & ,SUNDAY LIFTS IT TO A HI<] DEGREE ?AN IT DOES ! S\L ( ! ,*RI/IAN4 ,MOSES SP>$ NO?+ TO DEEPLY 9/ILL RESPECT = ! ,SABBA?3 ABLUTIONS1 PURIFICATIONS1 EXPIATIONS1 AB/95CES1 ABSOLUTE PROHIBITIONS1 & /RICT 9JUNCTIONS4 ,HE MULTIPLI$1 ALMO/ TO EXCESS1 ANY?+ ?AT C\LD 9SPIRE ! IDEA ( ! HI<E/ SANCTITY1 & C>RY ! V5]ATION ALMO/ TO ! PO9T ( T]ROR4 ,ON IMAG9ATIONS MORE IMPASSION$ BECAUSE !Y >E LESS CULTUR$1 ! OP9ION ( A MORE PRES5T DIV9ITY IS ALL-P[]FUL4 ,! MAJE/Y ( ! SANCTU>Y SEEMS TO =BID ! APPROA* ( CRIME1 & MORE ?AN ONCE WE HAVE SE5 GREAT CULPRITS1 SEIZ$ BY A DIV9E PANIC1 FLEE FRANTIC & %AK+ FROM A REFUGE :]E !IR CRIMES W\LD NO LONG] F9D !MSELVES SAFE4 ,MOSES TRANSPORT$ ?AT HORROR ( SACRILEGE FROM SPACE TO TIME3 HE R5D]$ C]TA9 DAYS 9VIOLABLE1 AS HE HAD CONSECRAT$ C]TA9 OBJECTS & C]TA9 PLACES4 ,& VISE1 SURR\ND$ ON ALL SIDES BY ! =CES ( RELIGION1 HAD NO RE/1 NO LONG] KN[+ :]E TO HIDE ITSELF4 

,BUT ?IS *>M ?AT ,MOSES HAD CA/ ON ! ,SABBA?1 ?IS NEW SORT ( SC>ECR[ BY :I* HE W>D$ (F EVIL SPIRITS1 TOOK ALL ITS VIRTUE FROM A RA!R VULG> ACCESSORY1 SC>CELY WOR?Y ( RESPECT OR FE>3 IT WAS1 IF ,I D>E MAKE USE ( ?IS WI!R+ WORD1 7:I* IS1 ?ANK HEAV5S1 NOT FROM \R LANGUAGE17 IT WAS ! F> NI5TE1 DO+ NO?+4 ,A PHILOSOPH] W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 AW>E ( IT1 BUT ,MOSES SEIZ$ IT4 

,! ANCI5TS1 GREAT] OBS]V]S ?AN WE LIKE TO BELIEVE1 P]HAPS BECAUSE WE DON'T OBS]VE ! SAME ?+S1 HAD REM>K$ V]Y WELL ! EFFECTS ( SOLITUDE ON ! MORALS ( MAN4 ,9 SOLITUDE1 ! FEEL+ ( ! 9F9ITE T\*ES US1 ! PASSIONS FALL SIL5T2 REASON1 CLE>] & MORE ACTIVE1 DEPLOYS ALL ITS /R5G? & GIVES BIR? TO MIRACLES3 *>ACT] IS /R5G!N$ & DEVELOP$1 IMAG9ATION 9CREASES1 ! MORAL S5SE RESPONDS TO ! URG+S ( ,DIV9ITY4 ,! TEMPLES & ORACLES W]E PLAC$ BY PREF]5CE 9 REMOTE PLACES1 PLANT$ ?ICKLY ) TREES1 :OSE %AD[S 9VIT$ M$ITATION & CONTEMPLATION4 ,! WISE1 RETURN$ FROM ! WORLD & ! PASSIONS1 ! LOV]S ( ! MUSES & NATURE1 ! LEGISLATORS !MSELVES1 AS WELL AS ! SE]S & POETS1 FL$1 SOMETIMES 9 AGREEABLE RETREATS1 SOMETIMES 9 FRI<T5+ SOLITUDE1 ! 9DISCREET REG>D ( ! PR(ANE1 :O BELIEV$ !M TO BE 9 COMM]CE ) ! GODS4 ,SOLITUDE1 :5 IT IS NOT ! EFFECT ( A SAVAGE HUMOR OR A PR\D MISAN?ROPY1 APPE>$ TO !M ! PURE/ IMAGE ( HEAV5LY BEATITUDE1 & ! FONDE/ WI% ( A GREAT S\L W\LD HAVE BE5 ?AT ALL MORTALS KN[ H[ TO 5JOY IT & MAKE !MSELVES WOR?Y ( IT4 ,BUT IF SU* IS TRULY ! HI<E/ DE/9Y ( MAN ON ! E>?1 9 :AT S5SE IS IT SOCIABLE8 ,H[ WILL ITS N>R[ RESID5CE SUFFICE = A MULTITUDE ( AN*ORITES8 

,IF ,MOSES HAD HAD ! P[]1 HE W\LD NEV] HAVE HAD ! ?\<T TO TRANS=M HIS F>M]S 9TO EFFECTIVE H]MITS2 HE ONLY WANT$ TO MAKE !M M51 TO ACCU/OM !M1 BY REFLECTION1 TO SEEK ! JU/ & ! TRUE 9 EV]Y?+4 ,?US HE /ROVE TO CREATE >\ND !M A SOLITUDE :I* W\LD NOT DE/ROY ! GREATE/ AFFLU5CE1 & :I* PRES]V$ ALL ! PRE/IGE ( A TRUE ISOLATION3 ?AT WAS ! SOLITUDE ( ! ,SABBA? & ! FEA/S4 ,CON/RA9$1 UND] T]RIBLE P5ALTIES1 TO CEASE !IR LABORS = !SE SOLEMN DAYS1 ! ,ISRAELITES SUBMITT$ TO ! YOKE ( AN UNAVOIDABLE M$ITATION2 BUT1 9CAPABLE BY !MSELVES ( DIRECT+ !IR ATT5TION & OCCUPY+ !IR ?\<T1 !Y F\ND !MSELVES DELIV]$ UP TO ! M]CY ( CIRCUM/ANCES & ! FIR/ COM]3 IT WAS !RE ?AT !IR TEA*] AWAIT$ !M4 ,I HAVE ALREADY SAID :AT OCCUPATIONS HAD BE5 ASSIGN$ BY ,MOSES TO ! ,SABBA? DAY4 ,?AT GREAT & HOLY MAN HAD WANT$ ALL ! ,HEBREWS1 FROM ! *ILDR5 TO ! ELD]LY1 TO BE ABLE TO WALK1 BY HIS EXAMPLE1 ) ! ,LORD1 & TO LIVE 9 A P]MAN5T COMMUNICATION ) HIM4 ,?AT IS DEMON/RAT$1 9DISPUTABLY1 BY A PASSAGE 9 ! BOOK ( ,NUMB]S1 :]E IT IS RELAT$ ?AT ,MOSES HAV+ *OS5 SEV5TY M5 TO AID HIM 9 ! DETAILS ( GOV]NM5T1 !SE M5 W]E ANIMAT$ ) ! SAME SPIRIT AS HIM & PROPHESI$4 ,& :5 ,JO%UA CAME TO SAY3 0,MA/]1 !RE >E /ILL TWO M5 :O PROPHESY 9 ! CAMP2 /OP !M4--0,MAY IT PLEASE ,GOD10 HE RESPOND$1 0?AT ALL ! PEOPLE %\LD PROPHESY60 ,LET US SAY1 9 A SLI<TLY MORE HUMAN LANGUAGE1 ?AT NO?+ SEEM$ MORE DESIRABLE TO HIM ?AN TO MA9TA9 9 ! 9TELLIG5CE ?AT TEMP]$ 5?USIASM :I* PRODUCES KN[L$GE ( ! GOOD1 ! CONTEMPLATION ( \RSELVES & ( ! SPECTACLE ( NATURE4 

,! LA/ NI<T ( ! WEEK IS PASS$2 ! SUN BEG9S AGA9 ITS DAILY C\RSE2 ALL ! VEGETATION BLOOMS & SALUTES ! FA!R ( ! DAY4 ,FAI?FUL TO !IR 9/9CT1 ! ANIMALS DO NOT /OP ANY MORE ?AN ! PLANTS3 ! DORM\SE DIGS ITS BURR[1 ! BIRD BUILDS ITS NE/1 ! BEE COLLECTS POLL5 FROM ! FL[]S4 ,NO?+ ?AT LIVES SUSP5DS ITS LABOR3 MAN ALONE /OPS = ONE DAY4 ,:AT WILL HE MAKE ( HIS LONG & DRIFT+ ?\<TS8 ,HE WILL H>DLY HAVE R\S$ HIMSELF FROM SLUMB]1 & ALREADY HIS 9ACTIVITY WILL WEI< ON HIM3 ! EV5+ >RIVES1 & ! DAY APPE>S TO HIM TO HAVE LA/$ = TWO DAYS4 

,= FRIVOL\S SPIRITS1 ,SUNDAY IS A DAY ( UNBE>ABLE RE/1 ( FRI<T5+ EMPT9ESS3 !Y COMPLA9 ( ! 5NUI :I* WEI<S !M D[N4 ,!Y BLAME ! SL[NESS ( !SE UNPRODUCTIVE H\RS1 :I* !Y DO NOT KN[ H[ TO SP5D4 ,IF !Y FLEE1 9 POLITE VISITS & WORLDLY CONV]SATIONS1 FROM ! EMPT9ESS ( !IR ?\<TS1 !Y ONLY ADD ! VOID ( ! ?\<TS ( O!RS4 ,FROM ?AT >ISE ! 9V5TIONS ( DEBAU*]Y & ! MON/R\S JOYS ( ! ORGY4--,LET ?OSE BLAME ONLY !MSELVES = ! NUMBNESS ?AT MAKES !M /UPID1 ! 9CON/ANCY ( HE>T & UND]/&+ ?AT EXHAU/S !M1 & ! DULL P>ALYZES ?AT GNAWS AT !M4 ,:5 ITS P>TN] LIES IDLE1 ! SPIRIT ONLY GOES MORE QUICKLY3 BE C>EFUL1 IF Y\ DON'T KN[ H[ TO FE$ ITS ALL-CONSUM+ ACTIVITY1 ?AT IT DOES NOT CONSUME ITSELF4 

,HAPPY IS ! MAN :O KN[S H[ TO %UT HIMSELF US 9 ! SOLITUDE ( HIS HE>T6 ,!RE HE KEEPS COMPANY ) HIMSELF2 HIS IMAG9ATION1 HIS MEMORIES1 & HIS REFLECTIONS RESPOND TO HIM4 ,LET HIM PROM5ADE !N ALONG ! CR[D$ /REETS1 LET HIM /OP 9 ! PUBLIC SQU>ES1 LET HIM VISIT ! MONUM5TS2 OR1 MORE HAPPILY1 LET HIM W&] ACROSS ! FIELDS & MEAD[S1 & BREA! ! AIR ( ! =E/S2 IT MATT]S LITTLE4 ,HE M$ITATES1 & HE DREAMS4 ,EV]Y:]E HIS HE>T1 HAPPY OR SAD1 ELEGANT OR SUBLIME1 BELONGS TO HIM4 ,IT IS ?US ?AT HE JUDGES EV]Y?+ S\NDLY1 ?AT HIS HE>T IS DETA*$1 ?AT HIS CONSCI5CE IS 9VIGORAT$1 ?AT HIS WILL IS %>P5$1 & ?AT HE FEELS VIRTUE B\ND UP 9 HIS *E/4 ,IT IS ?US ?AT HE BEG9S ) ,GOD HIMSELF1 & ?AT HE LE>NS FROM HIM1 9 CONV]SATIONS ?AT NONE WILL REPEAT1 :AT IT IS TO ,L,I,V,E1 & :AT IT IS TO ,D,I,E4 ,OH6 ,!N1 AS ALL ?+S >E R$UC$ TO !IR JU/ VALUE1 H[ LITTLE WOR?Y IT APPE>S ?AT = !IR SAKE WE HOLD ONTO LIFE1 OR ?AT = !M WE W\LD SEEK DEA?6 ,WE ASK FE>FULLY :AT ! BE/ REM$Y W\LD BE = ! EPIDEMIC ( SUICIDE :I* MULTIPLIES ITS VICTIMS EV]Y DAY4 ,?AT REM$Y1 :I* WE HAVE S\<T EV]Y:]E EXCEPT :]E IT WAS TO BE F\ND1 WAS FURNI%$ BY HOMEOPA?Y4 ,MAKE LIFE CONTEMPTIBLE1 & WE WILL NO LONG] WANT TO LEAVE IT2 WE ONLY E/EEM IT IF WE F9D IT TO BE A BURD54 ,! /OIC :O1 9 PROSP]ITY1 KN[S H[ TO SACRIFICE HIS EXI/5CE1 ALSO KN[S H[ TO BE> PA92 HE EV5 D5IES ?AT IT IS AN EVIL4 ,! DISCIPLE ( ,EPICURUS1 LAZILY 9 LOVE ) LIFE1 CURSES IT AS SOON AS IT NO LONG] (F]S HIM PLEASURE4 ,IT IS AMONG ! TOMBS1 A SKULL 9 HIS H&1 ?AT HE MU/ PREA* AGA9/ SUICIDE4 

,:AT H]OIC SELF-SACRIFICES & HE>T-R5D+ SACRIFICES W]E CONSUMMAT$ 9T]NALLY 9 !SE 9EXPRESSIBLE MONOLOGUES ( ! HOLY DAYS6 ,:AT HI< ?\<TS1 MAGNIFIC5T CONCEPTIONS1 DESC5D 9TO ! S\L ( ! PHILOSOPH] & ! POET6 ,:AT G5]\S RESOLUTIONS W]E MADE6 ,H]CULES1 AT ! 5D ( ADOLESC5CE1 (F]$ A SACRIFICE TO ,M9]VA4 ,/&+ BE=E ! ALT>1 AFT] HAV+ MADE SOME LIBATIONS & S++ HYMNS TO ! GODDESS1 HE WAIT$1 IMMOBILE & SIL5T1 UNTIL ! FLAME HAD CONSUM$ ! (F]+4 ,SUDD5LY HE SAW TWO WOM5 APPE>1 TWO IMMORTALS1 ,PLEASURE & ,VIRTUE1 :O1 DISPLAY+ !IR *>MS1 DEM&$ HIS HOMAGE4 ,PLEASURE FLAUNT$ ALL H] S$UCTIONS4 ,VIRTUE (F]$ LABORS & P]ILS ) AN 9CORRUPTIBLE GLORY4 ,! Y\NG H]O *OSE ,VIRTUE4 ,WOE UNTO ?OSE :O DO NOT HAVE ! SAME VISION6 ,GREAT WOE UNTO ?OSE :O DO NOT *OOSE AS DID ! SON ( ,JUPIT]6 

,ACCORD+ TO ! PREC$+ OBS]VATIONS1 ! SAME CAUSE SUFFICES TO EXPLA9 BO? ! 5]GY ?AT ! MORAL S5SE CAN ACQUIRE1 & ! EXCESSES :]E LIB]T9ISM IS PLUNG$ AS A RESULT ( ! OBS]VATION ( ,SUNDAY3 ?AT CAUSE IS ! 9CREASE ( ACTIVITY GIV5 TO ! M9D BY ! RE/ ( ! BODY4 ,IT IS UP TO ?OSE *>G$ ) ! PROTECTION ( ! CU/OMS1 ! $UCATION ( ! Y\NG & ! DIRECTION ( ! PUBLIC AMUSEM5TS1 TO TURN TO ! ADVANTAGE ( MORALS AN 9/ITUTION :I*1 AFT] RELIGION ITSELF1 IS ! MO/ PRECI\S REMA9D] ?AT WE HAVE PRES]V$ ( ! ANCI5T WISDOM1 & ! EXCELL5CE ( :I* IS DEMON/RAT$ BY ! V]Y DEBAU*]IES = :I* IT FURNI%ES ! OCCASION4 

,AMONG ! UPP] CLASSES1 ,SUNDAY IS NO LONG] RECOGNIZ$2 ! DAYS ( ! WEEK ALL RESEMBLE ONE ANO!R4 ,= ?OSE ONLY OCCUPI$ ) SPECULATIONS1 9TRIGUES & PLEASURES1 IT H>DLY MATT]S :AT DAY IT IS2 ! 9T]VALS M>K$ = RE/ NO LONG] MEAN ANY?+4 ,! PEOPLE SOMETIMES HOLDS BACK ITS PASSIONS = A WEEK2 ! VISES ( ! GREAT >E NOT DEF]R$4 ,IS ! IMPI\SNESS ( ! RI*1 E/ABLI%$ 9 !IR HABITS1 9CURABLE8 ,! PEOPLE1 MORE FAI?FUL TO ITS TRADITIONS & LESS OP5 TO ATTACK 9 !IR *>ACT]1 >E ALWAYS UND] ! H& ( RELIGION4 ,I W\LD EV5 D>E TO SUGGE/ ?AT ) RESPECT TO ,SUNDAY ! LA/ GLIMM] ( POETIC FIRE IS EXT+UI%$ 9 ! S\LS ( \R RHYM]S4 ,IT HAS BE5 SAID3 )\T RELIGION1 NO POETRY4 ,IT IS NECESS>Y TO ADD3 )\T WOR%IP & )\T HOLIDAYS1 NO RELIGION4 ,BUT S9CE POETRY1 BECOM+ RATIONALI/1 HAS RAIS$ ! VEILS ?AT COV]$ ! ,*RI/IAN MY?S1S9CE IT HAS LEFT ! ALLEGORIES & SYMBOLS TO RAISE ITSELF UP TO ! ABSOLUTE1 IT IS TRUE TO SAY ?AT IT HAS KILL$ ITS FO/]-MO!R1 & ) ! SAME BL[ COMMITT$ SUICIDE4 ,AMONG ! PEOPLE1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 ! LACK ( DEVOTION DOES NOT EXCLUDE EV]Y RELIGI\S IDEA4 ,!Y CAN DETE/ ! PRIE/1 BUT NEV] HATE RELIGION4 ,!Y BLASPHEME AGA9/ ! DOGMAS & MY/]IES1 & !Y PRAYS AT ! GRAVES & KNEEL AT ! BLESS+S4 ,& :5 FAI? NO LONG] RESONATES = !M1 ! POETRY ( ,SUNDAY /ILL ?RILLS4 

,BLOND ,M>IE WAS LOV$ BY ! Y\NG ,MAXIME2 ,M>IE WAS A SIMPLE WORK+ WOMAN1 & 9 ! NAIVETE ( A FIR/ LOVE2 ,MAXIME1 A H>D-WORK+ >TISAN1 COMB9$ REASON ) Y\?4 ,NATURE SEEM$ TO HAVE PR$E/9$ !SE LOV]S TO HAPP9ESS1 BY BLESS+ BO? ) SIMPLICITY & MODE/Y4 ,DILIG5T AT WORK EV]Y DAY ( ! WEEK1 ,MAXIME TRI$ H>D TO 9CREASE HIS SAV+S2 ,M>IE BRAID$ 9 SIL5CE H] W$D+ CR[N4 ,!Y ONLY SAW EA* O!R ON ,SUNDAYS2 BUT IT WAS BEAUTIFUL1 IT WAS SOLEMN = !M1 ?IS DAY :5 IT WAS SUNG 9 HEAV53 ,LOVE IS /RONG] ?AN DEA?6 ,IT SPREAD ! 9FLU5CE ( RELIGION & 9NOC5CE OV] !IR MUTUAL AFFECTION6 ,TRUE LOV]S >E NEV] SACRILEGI\S3 FULL ( A LOV+ RESPECT1 :AT W\LD ! Y\NG MAN HAVE D>$8 ,:AT W\LD ! GIRL HAVE ALL[$1 BEAUTIFUL 9 H] MODE/Y & ! JOY ( ! ,SABBA?8 ,ALONE ) !IR LOVE1 !Y W]E UND] ! PROTECTION ( ,GOD4 ,! REVOLUTION ( ,JULY CAME SUDD5LY TO DE/ROY SU* BLISS4 ,MAXIME WAS TOLD TO PROVIDE = HIMSELF3 NO MORE WORK1 NO MORE JOY4 ,HE RESOLV$ TO MOVE AWAY = A:ILE & MAKE = ! CAPITAL4 ,ON ! EVE ( HIS DEP>TURE1 A ,SUNDAY EV5+1 HE TOOK ,M>IE'S H&1 &1 )\T SPEAK+ TO H]1 L$ H] TO ! *UR*4--0,IF ,I REMA9 FAI?FUL1 H[ %ALL ,I F9D Y\1 ,M>IE80--0,DO AS Y\ SAY1 & Y\ MAY C\NT ON MY FAI?FULNESS40-- 0,WILL Y\ PROMISE ME BE=E ,GOD80 ,%E PROMIS$4 ,!Y W5T \T2 ! NI<T WAS F9E2 ,MAXIME1 ACCORD+ TO ! CU/OM ( LOV]S :O P>T WAYS1 %[$ ,M>IE ! POL> /> & TAU<T H] TO RECOGNIZE ITS POSITION4--0,Y\R EYES WILL NO LONG] MEET M9E10 HE SAID TO H]2 0BUT EV]Y ,SUNDAY1 AT ! SAME H\R1 ,I WILL LOOK 9 ?AT DIRECTION4 ,DO ! SAME1 SO ?AT AT A S+LE 9/ANT1 AS \R HE>TS >E UNIT$1 \R ?\<TS WILL M]GE4 ,?AT IS ALL ?AT ,I ASK1 UNTIL ,I SEE Y\ AGA940 ,HE LEFT4 ,P>IS DID NOT ALWAYS GIVE HIM WORK2 HIS DAYS ( UNEMPLOYM5T BECAME FATAL TO HIM4 ,AT ! 9/IGATIONS ( SOME FRI5DS1 ,MAXIME JO9$ A REPUBLICAN SOCIETY4 ,AN 9V9CIBLE MELAN*OLY TOOK HOLD ( HIS S\L & ALT]$ HIS *>ACT]4 0,DO Y\ KN[10 HE WROTE TO ,M>IE1 0:Y Y\ >E SO POOR1 :5 SO MANY %AMELESS SORTS LIVE 9 LUXURY8 ,:Y ,I CAN'T M>RY Y\1 :5 SO MANY M5 ?R[ !MSELVES 9TO DEBAU*]Y8444 ,DO Y\ KN[ :Y ,I SOMETIMES WORK ON ,SUNDAY1 :5 O!RS PLAY OR 9DULGE !IR BOR$OM ALL WEEK LONG8444 ,GOD HAS ALL[$ ! GOOD TO BE ! FIR/ TO SUFF] FROM ! VISES ( ! WICK$1 TO TEA* !M ?AT IT IS UP TO !M TO PRUNE SOCIETY & MAKE VIRTUE FL[] AGA94 ,IF ! JU/ W]E NEV] TO COMPLA91 ! WICK$ W\LD NEV] M5D !IR WAYS2 ! CONTAGION W\LD ALWAYS SPREAD1 & ! WORLD1 SOON ALL 9FECT$1 W\LD P]I%444 ,PRAY TO ,GOD = ME1 ,M>IE2 ?AT IS ALL ?AT A WEAK WOMAN CAN DO4 ,BUT !RE >E A MILLION Y\NG M51 VIRTU\S & /RONG1 ALL READY TO RISE UP1 :O HAVE SWORN TO SAVE ! NATION444 ,WE WILL TRIUMPH OR WE WILL KN[ H[ TO DIE40 ,MAXIME WAS KILL$ BEH9D A B>RICADE DUR+ ! ,JUNE DAYS4 ,FROM ?AT TIME1 HIS LOV] WORE M\RN+4 ,ORPHAN$ FROM A Y\NG AGE & NO LONG] HAV+ A MO!R1 %E ATTA*$ H]SELF TO ! AG$ MO!R ( H] FIANCE4 ,H] DAYS W]E PASS$ 9 LABOR & 9 ! C>ES ( A T5D] DEVOTION4 ,EV]Y ,SUNDAY %E WAS SE51 9 ! D>K *APEL :]E %E PROMIS$ ,MAXIME H] HE>T & FAI?1 ASSI/+ 9 ! DIV9E (FICE4 ,IT IS !RE ?AT H] HE>T1 CALM & RESIGN$1 WAS /R5G!N$ & PURIFI$ 9 AN 9EFFABLE LOVE4 ,& AT NI<T1 AFT] H] PRAY]S1 HE>T FULL ( ! LA/ WORDS ( ,MAXIME1-- UNTIL ,I SEE Y\ AGA91-- ! SAD ,M>IE GAZ$ SI<+ AT ! POL> />4 

,I,V 

,IT REMA9S TO EXAM9E ! IMPORTANCE ( ! ,SUNDAY CELEBRATION ) REG>D TO PUBLIC HYGI5E4 ,?IS TEXT WILL P]HAPS APPE> RA!R PETTY AFT] ! S]I\S SUBJECTS ?AT ,I HAVE TREAT$2 & ,I DO NOT KN[ IF1 BY REV]S+ ! ORD] ( ! QUE/ION PROPOS$1 ,I C\LD REASONABLY FLATT] MYSELF ?AT ,I HAD FULFILL$ ! LAW ( PROGRESSION SO RECOMM5D$ BY ! RHETORICIANS4 ,H[EV]1 ,I DO NOT DESPAIR ( SUCCE$+3 ! READ] WILL DECIDE IF MY BOLDNESS HAS BE5 FELICIT\S4 

,!RE IS NO D\BT ?AT ,MOSES1 9 E/ABLI%+ ! LAW ( ! ,SABBA?1 HAD 9 M9D ! HEAL? ( ! PEOPLE & ! HEAL?9ESS ( !IR HOMES2 & IF HE DID NOT 9VOKE ?IS MOTIVE 9 ! ,DECALOGUE1 IT IS BECAUSE HE AVOID$ ) ! MO/ EXTREME CIRCUMSPECTION ALL[+ HUMAN MOTIVES TO APPE> 9 HIS LAWS4 ,HE HAD OBS]V$ ?AT :]E ! MY/]I\S & IMP5ETRABLE DID NOT EXI/1 REASON1 TOO SOON SATISFI$1 IS UNCONTROLLABLE1 FAI? VANI%ES1 & OB$I5CE SLACK5S4 ,MOSES ?US PRESCRIBE NO?+ 9 P>TICUL> = ! ,SABBA? ) REG>D TO HYGI5E1 JUDICI\SLY AWAIT+ ! EFFECTS ( HIS 9/ITUTIONS & ( ! NUMB]LESS GU>ANTEES ) :I* HE SURR\ND$ !M1 :I* HE W\LD C]TA9LY HAVE HAD MORE TR\BLE OBTA9+ BY A RULE REG>D+ PROP]TY4 ,IF HE WAS NOT MI/AK5 9 HIS PR$ICTIONS1 ?+S %\LD DEVELOP BY !MSELVES2 HE HAD ONLY TO COMM& ?AT :I* W\LD PRODUCE BY ITSELF ! ZEAL = RELIGION & COMPETITION 9 PROPRIETY4 ,DON'T WE SEE EV]Y DAY ! MO/ LAUDABLE EF=TS ( AU?ORITY FAIL BE=E ! 9DIFF]5CE & IDL5ESS ( 9DIVIDUALS8 ,! WALLS >E COV]$ ) IMM5SE PLAC>DS ON ! PUBLIC ROADS1 ! CLEAN+ ( ! SEW]S1 ! REMOVAL ( REFUSE1 ! C>E ( TREES1 ETC42 :AT EFFECT RESULTS FROM ALL ?IS PREFECTORIAL ELOQU5CE8 ,! PEOPLE ALL[ !MSELVES TO BE EAT5 AWAY AT BY GANGR5\S HUMORS & 9FECT$ BY MIASMAS1 RA!R ?AN REMOVE :AT POISONS !M4 ,! 9SECTS EAT !M & !Y DO NOT /IR4 ,BUT LET OP9ION1 ! PO9T ( HONOR OR PASSION BE MIX$ 91 & ! PEOPLE WILL WORK MIRACLES3 !Y WILL DRA9 LAKES1 MOVE M\NTA9S1 EXT]M9ATE SW>M+ BRE$S2 AFT] :I*1 NOT BE+ ABLE TO BELIEVE 9 ! PRODIGIES ?AT ITS /R5G? GIVES BIR? TO1 !Y WILL GLORIFY H]OES & G5IUSES = IT4 ,?AT CONTRADICTION ( ! HUMAN M9D1 :I* ACCUSES 9 SU* A CONCLUSIVE MANN] ! PREPOND]ANCE ( S5TIM5T OV] REASON1 & :I* ! MAK]S ( PASSIONAL !ORIES HAVE EXPLA9$ SO LITTLE1 ,MOSES MADE ! MO/ P[]FUL SPR+ ( HIS POLICY1 & IT IS TO ?AT FACT ?AT WE >E /ILL 9DEBT$ = ! ONLY HYGI5IC HABITS :I* TRIUMPH OV] POPUL> APA?Y4 ,I WILL L+] NO MORE ON ?IS SECTION2 =1 IF ,I EXHAU/$ ALL ! REFLECTIONS ?AT ! METAMORPHOSIS ( ! MALIGN ,SUNDAY W\LD SUGGE/1 IF ,I C\NT]$ 9 A ?\S& WAYS ?AT VULG> !SIS1 ,I W\LD NOT DEP>T FROM ?IS SAME IDEA4 ,I W\LD FATIGUE ! ATT5TION )\T 5LI<T5+ ! M9D4 ,WE MU/ SEE ! ?+ FROM HI<] UP4 ,LET US ELIM9ATE ALL PO9TLESS DISCUSSION4 

,RE/ IS NECESS>Y TO HEAL?2 

,N[ 1,SUNDAY COMM&S RE/ 2 

,?US ,SUNDAY IS B5EFICIAL TO HEAL? 

,?US W\LD AN 9ATT5TIVE OBS]V] REASON1 CONCLUD+ TOO QUICKLY FROM COEXI/5CE TO LIK5ESS4 ,?IS SYLLOGISM LACKS PRECISION1 BECAUSE RE/ IS NOT L9K$ TO ! CELEBRATION ( ,SUNDAY 9 SU* A WAY ?AT1 ! LATT] BE+ SUPPRESS$1 ! =M] W\LD BE IRREVOCABLY LO/4 ,:]E ,SUNDAY IS NO LONG] RESPECT$1 IT IS CLE> ?AT ONE DOES NOT LABOR MORE--& P]HAPS ONE WILL LABOR LESS4 ,9 ! SECOND PLACE1 ! >GUM5T MISSES ! QUE/ION2 = IT IS NOT H]E A QUE/ION ( RE/ 9 ITSELF1 AN EXCELL5T ?+1 :I* HAS FEW DETRACTORS4 ,RE/ IS ! FA!R ( MOVEM5T1 G5]ATOR ( /R5G? & COMPANION ( LABOR4 ,RE/1 TAK5 MOD]ATELY & AT USEFUL TIMES1 SU/A9S C\RAGE1 5LIV5S ?\<T1 =TIFIES ! WILL1 & MAKES VIRTUE 9V9CIBLE4 ,BUT ALL ?AT HAS NO?+ TO DO ) \R SUBJECT3 IT IS NOT AS ! SANCTION ( RE/ ?AT ,SUNDAY EX]TS AN 9FLU5CE ON HYGI5E4 

,:AT MATT]S IS ?IS FIX$ & REGUL> P]IODICITY1 :I* CUTS1 AT EQUAL 9T]VALS1 9TO ! SUCCESSION ( WORKS & DAYS4 ,:Y ?IS CON/ANT SYMMETRY8 ,:Y SIX DAYS ( LABOR1 RA!R ?AN FIVE OR SEV58 ,:Y ! WEEK1 RA!R ?AN A P]IOD ( T5 DAYS8 ,:AT /ATI/ICIAN FIR/ OBS]V$ ?AT 9 ORD9>Y TIMES ! P]IOD ( LABOR %\LD BE TO ! P]IOD ( RE/ 9 A RATION ( #f TO #a1 & ACCORD+ TO :AT LAW8 ,?AT ! TWO P]IODS %\LD ALT]NATE1 & :Y8 

,D\BTLESS NO ONE EXPECTS ME TO RESPOND TO !SE QUE/IONS3 !Y >E ! DESPAIR ( ALL SCI5CE & MOD]N ]UDITION1 & ,I PITY :OEV]1 FAC+ ?IS SAME MATT]1 DOES NOT P]CEIVE ?AT ABYSS4 ,! ORIG9 ( ! WEEK IS UNKN[N3 AS = ! LAW ( PROPORTION BETWE5 ! DURATION ( LABOR & ?AT ( RELAXATION1 WE DON'T EV5 SUSPECT ! REASON1 & ,I DO NOT BELIEVE ?AT IT HAS EXCIT$ ! ATT5TION ( ! ECONOMI/S & PHYSIOLOGI/S4 ,\R IGNORANCE IS COMPLETE ON ALL !SE ?+S4 ,EXCUSE ME1 !N1 IF1 LACK+ POSITIVE DOCUM5TS1 ,I F9D MYSELF R$UC$ TO GIV+ SOME REPORTS ON ?AT ANCI5T PHILOSOPHY1 :I*1 9 ! TIMES ( ,MOSES1 ALREADY BORE ! SAME FRUITS4 

0,GO+ BACK TO ! FIR/ DAYS ( HUMANITY1 WE SEE ! M5 :O CULTIVAT$ WISDOM OCCUPI$ P>TICUL>LY ) ?REE PR9CIPAL OBJECTS1 DIRECTLY RELATIVE TO ! P]FECT+ ( HUMAN FACULTIES1 ( MORALS1 & ( HAPP9ESS4 #a7 ,!Y /UDI$ MAN1 HEAL?Y & ILL1 9 ORD] TO KN[ ! LAWS :I* RULE HIM1 & TO LE>N TO PRES]VE HIM & BR+ HIM HEAL?4 #b7 ,!Y TRI$ TO DRAW UP SOME RULES TO DIRECT !IR M9DS 9 ! SE>* = USEFUL TRU?S1 & LAID \T !IR LESSONS1 EI!R ON ! P>TICUL> ME?ODS ( ! >TS OR ON PHILOSOPHY1 :OSE MORE G5]AL ME?ODS EMBRACE !M ALL4 #c7 ,F9ALLY1 !Y OBS]V$ ! MUTUAL RELATIONS ( M51 BUT 9 ?AT DET]M9ATION !Y 9CLUD$ AS NECESS>Y DATA SOME MORE MOBILE CIRCUM/ANCES1 SU* AS TIME1 PLACE1 GOV]NM5TS1 & RELIGIONS2 & FROM !M >OSE = !M ALL ! PRECEPTS ( CONDUCT & ALL ! PR9CIPLES ( MORALS40 

,I W\LD OBS]VE 9 PASS+ ?AT IT IS ?IS L9K+ ( ! MORAL & PHYSICAL 9 ! M9D ( ! ANCI5T LEGISLATORS :I* HAS CONTRIBUT$ EV]Y:]E TO ! ASSUMPTION ( A PRIMITIVE PAN!ISM1 OR WOR%IP ( ! S\L ( ! WORLD4 

,PY?AGORAS WAS ! FIR/ :O APPLI$ MA!MATICAL CALCULATION TO ! /UDY ( MAN4 ,HE WANT$ TO SUBJECT ! PH5OM5A ( LIFE TO ME*ANICAL =MULAS2 HE P]CEIV$ BETWE5 !SE P]IODS ( FEV]I% ACTIVITY1 ( DEVELOPM5T OR DECL9E 9 ANIMALS1 & C]TA9 REGUL> COMB9ATIONS OR RECURR5CES ( NUMB]S1 RELATIONS ?AT ! EXP]I5CE ( ! C5TURIES SEEMS TO HAVE CONFIRM$1 & ! SY/EMATIC EXPOSITION ( :I* CON/ITUT$ :AT WE CALL ! DOCTR9E ( CRISES4 ,FROM ?AT DOCTR9E FOLL[$ NOT ONLY SEV]AL 9DICATIONS USEFUL 9 ! TREATM5T ( ILLNESS1 BUT ALSO SOME IMPORTANT CONSID]ATIONS ON HYGI5E & ! PHYSICAL $UCATION ( *ILDR54 ,IT W\LD P]HAPS NOT BE IMPOSSIBLE TO /ILL DRAW FROM IT SOME VIEWS ON ! MANN] ( REGULAT+ ! LABORS ( ! M9D1 ( SEIZ+ ! MOM5TS :5 ! DISPOSITION GIVES IT ! MO/ /R5G? & LUCIDITY1 TO CONS]VE ALL ITS FRE%NESS1 BY WE>Y+ IT 9APPROPRIATELY1 :5 ! /ATE ( REMISSION COMM&S IT TO RE/4 ,EV]YONE CAN OBS]VE 9 !MSELVES !SE ALT]NATIONS ( ACTIVITY & LANGUOR 9 ! EX]CISE ( ?\<T3 BUT :AT W\LD BE TRULY USEFUL W\LD BE TO RE/ORE ITS P]IODS TO FIX$ LAWS1 TAK5 9 NATURE1 & FROM :I* ONE C\LD DRAW SOME RULES ( CONDUCT APPLICABLE1 BY MEANS ( C]TA9 9DIVIDUAL MODIFICATIONS1 TO ! DIV]SE CIRCUM/ANCES ( CLIMATE1 TEMP]AM5T1 AGE1 9 %ORT1 TO ALL ! CASES :]E M5 CAN BE F\ND444 

0,SU* IS ! DATA FROM :I* ! DIFF]5T F\ND]S ( RELIGI\S ORD]S BEGAN1 :O1 BY HYGI5IC PRACTICES MORE OR LESS HAPPILY COMB9$1 /ROVE TO ADAPT M9DS & *>ACT] TO ! SORT ( LIFE ( :I* !Y HAD CONCEIV$ ! PLAN40 7,CABANIS1 ,RELATIONS ( ! ,PHYSICAL & ! ,MORAL47 

,IT IS ?R\< AN ]ROR ( MEMORY OR ATT5TION ?AT ,CABANIS PROCLAIMS ,PY?AGORAS ! FIR/ :O APPLI$ MA!MATICAL CALCULATION TO ! /UDY ( MAN4 ,LONG BE=E ?AT PHILOSOPH]1 ! SECRETS ( NUMB]S W]E KN[N4 ,:AT HE KNEW ( IT HIMSELF WAS V]Y LITTLE1 & CAME TO HIM FROM ELSE:]E4 ,HIS GLORY IS TO HAVE BE5 !IR 9ITIATOR & PROMOT] 9 ,MAGNA ,GRAECIA4 ,NE>LY A ?\S& YE>S BE=E ,PY?AGORAS1 ,MOSES MADE USE1 9 HIS LEGISLATION1 ( ALL ! SCI5CE ( ! ,EGYPTIANS2 & ?AT SCI5CE1 ALREADY OLD 9 ?AT P]IOD1 APPE>S TO HAVE CONSI/$ ABOVE ALL 9 A SORT ( METAPHYSICS ( RHY?M & NUMB]1 ( :I* IT IS P]HAPS EASI] TO CONCEIVE ! G5]AL REASON ?AN TO F9D ! PR9CIPLES & FACTS4 ,! ,GREEKS RETA9$ SOME?+ ( IT1 :I* !Y EXPRESS$ BY ! NAME ( M\SIKI1 :I* 9CLUD$ ES!TICS1 MORAL SCI5CE1 POETRY1 ORATORY1 & GRAMM>1 & :I* WE PROP]LY CALL MUSIC4 ,BUT ! RELATIONS ( ! PHYSICAL & ! MORAL1 ?OSE ( RELIGION & POLITICS1 ! MULTITUDE ( RELATIONS BETWE5 ALL ! P>TS ( 9TELLIG5T1 LIV+ & ANIMAT$ NATURE1 ! ANALOGIES BETWE5 ! V>I\S BRAN*ES ( HUMAN KN[L$GE1 ?AT ! NUM]ICAL OP]ATIONS S]V$ TO CALCULATE & =MULATE1 ALL ( ?AT WAS EXCLUD$ FROM !IR MUSIC1 & PHILOSOPHY ITSELF HAS RETA9$ H>DLY ANY ( IT4 ,SOME HAVE S\<T1 9 \R [N TIMES1 TO RECALL ATT5TION TO !SE OBJECTS ( ANTIQUE CURIOSITY2 BUT UP TO ! TIME 9 :I* ,I WRITE1 !Y HAVE ONLY SUCCE$$ 9 GIV+ C>ICATURES OR PU]ILE ALLEGORIES4 ,IT IS NOT ) ! IMAG9ATION1 BUT ) OBS]VATION & FACT1 ?AT WE WILL CREATE SU* A SCI5CE4 ,IT WILL NOT BE GUESS$4 ,WE MU/ 9F] IT FROM PH5OM5A4 ,MOREOV]1 :AT R5D]S IT SO DIFFICULT = US IS ! UNEQUAL DEVELOPM5T ( ! SCI5CES3 9 ORD] = A SYN!SIS TO BE ABLE TO OCCUR1 !RE MU/ BE ONE S+LE 9TELLIG5CE :I* EMBRACES ALL ! P>TS1 :I* PRESUMES EI!R ALL ! 9F9ITE SCI5CES1 OR !IR P>ALLEL PROGRESS4 

,BUT W]E ! SCI5CES MORE ADVANC$ 9 ,EGYPT1 F\R ?\S& YE>S AGO1 ?AN !Y >E 9 ,FRANCE 9 ! N9ETE5? C5TURY8 ,I WILL NOT SPEAK AB\T MATT]S :OSE NATURE IS =EIGN TO ME3 P]HAPS ! ,EGYPTIANS HAD DISCOV]$ ME?ODS & SCI5CES ( :I* WE >E UNAW>E1 AS !Y W]E NECESS>ILY UNAW>E ( \RS4 ,9 ANY EV5T1 ACCORD+ TO ,*A9POLLION1 ! >TS & SCI5CES APPE> TO HAVE BE5 9 DECAD5CE 9 ,EGYPT FROM ! REIGN ( ,S5USRET1 #b1 YE>S BE=E ,*RI/4 ,& ,I WILL ADD ?AT1 TO JUDGE BY ALL ( ! PROPOSITIONS ?AT ONE C\LD EXTRACT FROM ! MO/ ANCI5T ,HEBREW BOOKS1 MOD]N PHILOSOPHY /ILL LAGS BEH9D ITS 9SPIRATION4 

,IT WAS BY A SORT ( ME?ODICAL MAT]IALISM ANALOG\S TO ! D\BT ( ,DESC>TES1 ?AT ! ANCI5T SAGES !ORETICALLY RAIS$ !MSELVES TO ! KN[L$GE ( ,GOD & ! S\L1 & LET !M D$UCE ! P]SI/5CE ( ! SELF BEYOND ! TOMB1 & ! ET]NALLY ACTIVE & CONS]VATIVE P]SONALITY ( ! ,GREAT ,BE+4 ,V]Y DIFF]5T 9 ?IS REG>D >E ! MOD]N SPIRITUALI/S1 :O1 ALWAYS AL>M$ BY ! PROGRESS ( A PRET5TI\S PHYSIOLOGY1 WANT TO ISOLATE IT FROM PSY*OLOGY1 &1 TO 9SURE ! SUBJECTIVE REALITY ( ?\<T1 R$UCE ALL ! PH5OM5A ( ORGANIC LIFE1 & EV5 ! DET]M9ATIONS ( ! S5SIBILITY1 TO A CRUDE ME*ANICS14 ,!Y KNEW1 !SE FIR/ OBS]V]S ( NATURE1 ?AT ! NOTION ( ,GOD & ( A FUTURE EXI/5CE HAD BE5 REVEAL$ 9 ! BEG9N+ TO ! CONSCI5CE ( MAN BY A MY/]I\S UTT]ANCE1 & ?AT IT IS /ILL BY AN IMM$IATE TRANSMISSION FROM P]SON TO P]SON ?AT ?IS NOTION IS PRES]V$ 9 SOCIETY4 ,BUT !Y ALSO ?\<T ?AT1 REASON HAV+ BE5 GIV5 TO US TO CONTEMPLATE ! 9EFFABLE WAYS ( ! ,DIV9ITY1 NO LESS ?AN TO ADMIRE HIS WORKS1 ?AT REASON EXT5DS HIS DOMA9 OV] ?AT :I* IS ABOVE HIM & ?AT :I* IS BEL[2 ?AT HE IS )9 HIS RI<TS TO R$UCE ! /UDY ( ,GOD & ! WORLD TO ONE UNIQUE PO9T ( VIEW1 TO SUBJECT ?AT D\BLE /UDY TO A S+LE MODE ( DEVELOPM5T1 & TO IMITATE ! COSMOGONIC SUCCESSION ( BE+S 9 ! SYN!SIS ?AT !Y EXHIBIT4 ,! UNIV]SE1 9 !IR EYES1 WAS AN IMM5SE PYRAMID ( :I* ! VISIBLE SUB/ANCE =M$ ! BASE1 ! PH5OM5A ?AT ?IS SUB/ANCE PROV$ MADE UP ITS V>I\S TI]S1 & AT ! SUMMIT ( :I* APPE>$ ! ,SPIRIT4 

0,MATT]1 SAID ! ,HI]OPHANT1 IS EXT5D$ & IMP5ETRABLE4 ,!SE TWO PROP]TIES1 :I* SIGNIFY = US ONLY 9DE/RUCTIBILITY1 >E ESS5TIAL TO MATT]2 )\T !M WE C\LD NOT CONCEIVE ( IT4 ,CONSID]$ ) REG>D TO SOLIDITY & SURFACE1 IT GIVES RISE TO ! SCI5CE ( NUMB] & MEASURES1 AN 9F9ITE SCI5CE1 CAPABLE ( ABSORB+ ! LIFE ( ! MAN4 ,! DIM5SIONS ( MATT] WILL BE SUFFICI5T = ! EX]CISE ( ! CREAT$ 9TELLIG5CE4 

0,IT IS A FACT ?AT MASS WILL RU% T[>DS A C5T]2 BODIES SEEK ONE ANO!R1 & MATT] IS DRAWN T[>DS MATT]3 :Y IS ?IS8 ,BUT :ILE ?IS T5D5CY IS G5]AL & CON/ANT1 IT DOES NOT APPE> ESS5TIAL TO BODIES2 = WE CAN CONCEIVE ( !M P]FECTLY )\T GRAVITATION1 SOME?+ ?AT WE CANNOT SAY ( EXT5SION OR IMP5ETRABILITY4 ,:AT IS MORE1 !RE IS1 9 ?IS PROP5SITY ( BODIES TO JO91 A CIRCUM/ANCE QUITE CONTR>Y TO !IR NATURE3 !Y >E LIMIT$ & CIRCUMSCRIB$1 :ILE !IR SPH]E ( ATTRACTION IS 9F9ITE4 ,! 9T5SITY ( ?AT ATTRACTION IS 9CREAS$ OR DIM9I%$ 9 C]TA9 PROPORTIONS2 IT IS NEV] EXT+UI%$4 ,IF !RE HAD EXI/$ ONLY TWO MOLECULES ( MATT]1 !Y W\LD HAVE BE5 DRAWN T[>DS ONE ANO!R ACROSS ALL POSSIBLE SPACE3 ! SUBJECT IS )\T PROPORTION TO ! ATTRIBUTE4 ,BODIES F9ALLY ACCORD+ TO ! RELATIONS ( !IR MASSES1 & BY !IR RESILI5CE OR EXP&ABILITY1 HALT1 TRANSMIT OR REPRODUCE MOVEM5T2 !Y DO NOT CREATE IT4 ,!RE IS AN EXT]NAL =CE1 DI/9CT FROM ! BODIES1 ?AT MOVES & DIRECTS !M4 ,! SCI5CE ( QUANTITIES CAN CALCULATE ! APP>5T PROPORTIONS =MULATE ! LAWS ( ?AT =CE1 BUT IT IS UNABLE TO EXPLA9 ! PR9CIPLE4 ,! KN[L$GE ( ! EFFECTS ( BODIES1 CONSID]$ AS ACT+ ON ONE ANO!R BY !IR ME*ANICAL P[]1 NAMELY1 !IR MOVEM5T & !IR WEI<TS1 GIVES RISE TO A NEW SCI5CE1 PHYSICS4 

0,Y\ ?9K Y\ KN[ SOME?+ ALREADY3 5T] 9TO ! LABORATORY ( NATURE1 & ALL ?AT Y\ KN[ WILL VANI% LIKE A DREAM1 & LEAVE Y\ ONLY ! FEEL+ ( Y\R IGNORANCE4 ,:AT PRODUCES BETWE5 ?IS 9]T MASSES ?IS MUTUAL P5ETRATION1 !SE SUDD5 METAMORPHOSES1 !SE AV]SIONS & PREF]5CES1 !SE LOVES & HATES8 ,?IS IS ! SECOND 9CORPORATION ( =CE4 ,AN UNCONTROLLABLE & C]TA9 P[] PRESIDES OV] ALL ! COMB9ATIONS1 &1 V>Y+ ITS LAWS ACCORD+ TO ! V>IETY & QUANTITY1 AWAITS BE=E ACT+ ONLY CONTACT OR REPOSE4 ,SEE !SE PRODUCTS SO DIFF]5T FROM !IR ELEM5TS2 ADMIRE ! COMPLEX GEOMETRY ( ?IS PRECIPITATION4 ,! SN[1 LIKE A CRY/ALLIZATION ( TRANSP>5T FL[]S1 FLOODS ) ITS SYMMETRICAL FLAKES ! HEI<TS ( ,M\NT ,LEBANON & ! ,CAUCASUS1 FA!R ( RIV]S3 :AT PA9TBRU% HAS EV] DRAWN FIGURES MORE REGUL>1 & MORE ELEGANTLY V>I$8 ,BUT H]E1 ! MORE ! 9TELLIG5CE SP>KLES1 ! MORE ILLUSIVE ! CAUSE BECOMES3 SCI5CE IS NO?+ BUT A S]IES ( NAMES & PH5OM5A4 ,EA* FACT RECORD$ BY ! OBS]V] BLURS HIS CLASSIFICATIONS2 EA* DISCOV]Y IS A REFUTATION ( HIS SY/EMS2 & ! DEEP] Y\ P5ETRATE 9TO ?IS LABYR9?1 ! MORE ITS DET\RS 9CREASE & 5TW9E4 ,!RE IS /ILL NO *EMI/RY4 

0,:O HAS EXAM9$ ! S\RCES ( LIFE8 ,:O HAS DISCOV]$ ! PR9CIPLE ( ! S5SIBILITIES8 ,:O HAS SE5 ! LI<T+ ( ! TOR* ( 9/9CT8 ,TELL ME BY :AT VIRTUE PLANTS & ANIMALS ASSIMILATE !IR N\RI%M5T2 FROM :5CE COMES ! AUTONOMY ?AT PRES]VES & GUIDES !M8444 H1 MY/]Y6 ,ALL LIV+ BE+S >E >M$ = REPRODUCTION2 9DIVIDUALS DIE1 BUT SPECIES >E 9DE/RUCTIBLE4 ,BE=E !SE M>VELS1 :AT IS ! SCI5CE ( ! *EMI/ OR ! PHYSICIAN8 ,:AT IS IT ?AT GROSS MATT] CAN TEA* Y\ AB\T LIV+ MATT]8 ,GRAVITATION1 ! ATTRACTION ( COHESION1 ! ELECTIVE AFF9ITIES1 SOON F9D ! 5D ( !IR ACTION4 ,! ELEM5T>Y COMB9ATIONS1 ONCE C>RI$ \T1 REMA9 FIX$4 ,! SPR+ RELEAS$1 ! MA*9E /OPS & EV]Y?+ RETURNS TO RE/4 ,!RE IS NO RESURG5CE1 NO 9T]NAL DEVELOPM5T1 NO P]PETUITY1 & NO C5T] ( OP]ATIONS4 ,Y\ WILL NEV] EXPLA9 LIFE BY WEI<TS & RESI/ANCES1 BY MOLECUL> ATTRACTIONS OR ATOMIC COMB9ATIONS4 ,WE NE$1 = ?IS NEW ORD] ( PH5OM5A1 A NEW MA!MATICS1 A NEW PHYSICS1 & A NEW *EMI/RY4 ,Y\ MAY1 IF Y\ LIKE1 CALL ?AT SCI5CE PHYSIOLOGY4.<#g.> 

0,BUT1 ,FATE6 ,:AT CAN PHYSIOLOGY DO = ! !ORY ( 9TELLIG5CE8 ,>E IDEAS ACQUIR$ AS ! ORGANS GR[8 ,>E JUDGM5TS =M$ BY A DIGE/ION ( ! BRA96 ,IS IT ! N]V\S SY/EM OR ! VASCUL> SY/EM ?AT PRODUCES METAPHYSICIANS & GEOMET]S8 ,Y\ SPEAK ( ORGANIC PR$ISPOSITIONS1 NATURAL APPETITES1 TEMP]AM5TS1 ETC42 ?AT IS TO SAY ?AT AN ORGANISM IS NECESS>Y AS A SUB/RATUM1 OR PLACE ( EX]CISE1 = ?\<T1 BUT NOT ?AT IT 5G5D]S ! ?\<T1 JU/ AS MATT] IS NECESS>Y TO ! PRODUCTION ( =CE1 & IS NOT =CE2 TO ! DEVELOPM5T ( LIFE1 BUT IS NOT LIFE4 ,NO ONE KN[S ! G5ESIS ( ! S\L4 ,NO ONE HAS S\ND$ ! ABYSS ( HIS FACULTIES4 

0,:AT USE WILL MAN MAKE ( ?AT LI<T :I* ILLUM9ATES HIS 9/9CT8 ,ISN'T IT TO BE FE>$ ?AT HE WILL PUT IT 9 ! S]VICE ( HIS SELFI%NESS1 AT ! EXP5SE ( ALL ?OSE >\ND HIM8444 ,A BRAKE IS IMPOS$ ON HIS FI]CE GRE$2 AN 9N] VOICE W>NS HIM ( :AT IS ALL[$1 ( ! RI<TS HE MU/ RESPECT1 & ( ! PUNI%M5TS ?AT AWAIT IF HE DISOBEYS4 ,WELL6 ,Y\ WILL SUCCE$ 9 KN[+ ?IS 9VISIBLE LEGISLATOR1 :OSE DICTATES >RE/ ! APPETITES ( ! NATURE1 ?IS REASON TO ACT 9DEP5D5T ( SPECULATIVE REASON1 NO BETT] BY R$UC+ IT PHYSIOLOGY1 ?AN Y\ HAVE BY ATTEMPT+ TO R$UCE IT TO S5SIBILITY1 TO R$UCE S5SIBILITY TO ATTRACTION1 OR WEI<T TO EXPANSE4 ,WE REQUIRE MORALS3 :O WILL GIVE !M TO US8 

0,! SCI5CES WE HAVE JU/ 5UM]AT$ =M SO MANY SY/EMS1 :I* >E DI/9CT BUT DO NOT CONTRADICT ONE ANO!R4 ,! FACTS PROP] TO EA* BE+ V>I$1 BUT NOT OPPOS$1 CAN ONLY GIVE RISE TO DIFF]5T LAWS3 ! EXPRESSION ( ONE ( !SE LAWS IS NOT ! NEGATION ( ! O!R4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 ! OBJECT ( ! SECOND & ! ?IRD ( !SE SCI5CES BE+ ! OBJECT ( ! FIR/1 PLUS A NEW ELEM5T1 =CE2 ! OBJECT ( ! F\R? BE+ ! OBJECT ( ! FIR/ ?REE1 PLUS ANO!R ELEM5T1 LIFE2 ! OBJECT ( ! FIF? BE+ ! SAME AS ?AT ( ! PREVI\S ONES1 PLUS A ?IRD ELEM5T1 REASON2 ! OBJECT ( ! SIX?1 F9ALLY1 BE+ ! OBJECT ( FIVE O!RS1 PLUS A LA/ ELEM5T1 JU/ICE1 IT FOLL[S ?AT !Y =M AN ASC5D+ GRADATION1 ALONG ! :OLE EXT5T ( :I* ! MA!MATICAL =MULAS MU/ F9D !IR APPLICATION4 ,!RE IS ?US A SCI5CE ( SCI5CES1 A PHILOSOPHY ( ! UNIV]SE1 ( :I* NUMB]1 :I* IS TO SAY RHY?M1 S]IES1 IS ! OBJECT4 

0,?US1 ALL ! SCI5CES DEMON/RATE ONE ANO!R1 & S]VE RECIPROCALLY AS CROSS-*ECK & CRIT]ION4 ,IF1 = EXAMPLE1 ! SUCCESSION ( DAYS ( RE/1 9/EAD ( CORRESPOND+ TO ! >I?METIC PROGRESSION #a1 #h1 #a#e1 #b#b1 #b#i1 #c#f1 ETC41 HAD ! RELATION3 #a1 #f1 #a#d1 #b#e1 #b#i1 #c#i1 #d#g1 Y\ C\LD CONCLUDE1 ) NO O!R DEMON/RATION1 & BY ?AT FACT ALONE1 ?AT ! NUMB]S #a1 #f1 #a#d1 #b#e1 #b#i1 #c#i1 #d#g1 DID NOT =M A REGUL> P]IOD1 ?AT SU* A DI/RIBUTION ( HOLIDAYS IS CONTR>Y TO HYGI5E1 MORALS1 & LIB]TY4 

0,A LIV+1 9TELLIG5T & MORAL CREATURE1 A CREATURE ( BO? M9D & MATT]1 MAN IS SUBJECT TO ! LAWS ( LIFE1 ?\<T & SCI5CE2 %APE1 =CE & NUMB] >E ! BASES ( HIS 9TELLIG5CE AS WAS AS HIS BE+4 ,TO UND]/& SOME?+ ( ?IS MICROCOSM1 Y\ MU/ HAVE OBS]V$ ALL ( NATURE2 TO ASPIRE TO DIRECT IT1 Y\ MU/ KN[ ALL ! ORD]S ( PH5OM5A & ! SECRET ( !IR BALANCE4 ,( ALL ! /UDIES1 ! /UDY ( MAN IS ! L>GE/2 ( ALL ! >TS1 ?AT ( GOV]N+ HIM IS ! MO/ DIFFICULT4 

0,:5 Y\ RAISE A BUILD+1 Y\ USE ! PLUMB & LEV] TO ASSURE ?AT ! C5T]S ( GRAVITY ( ALL ! /ONES MEET 9 A S+LE P]P5DICUL> PLANE2 = Y\ KN[ BY /ATI/ICS ?AT BY NEGLECT+ ?AT PRECAUTION Y\ COMPROMISE ! SOLIDITY ( ! /RUCTURE4 ,LIKEWISE1 Y\ HAVE OBS]V$ ?AT1 TO F>M SUCCESSFULLY1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO OBS]VE ! TIMES ( GRAFT+1 G]M9ATION1 FL[]+ & MATURITY1 ! ADVANTAGES ( ! SEASON & ! SOIL1 & ALL ! RULES ( VEGETABLE LIFE4 ,Y\ CAN ACCEL]ATE & MULTIPLY ! DEVELOPM5T ( ?AT LIFE1 BUT Y\ CAN ONLY DO IT BY VIRTUE ( ITS [N LAWS3 TO ACT ON IT1 Y\ NE$ A PRESSURE PO9T1 & IT IS 9 ?AT PRESSURE ?AT Y\ WILL F9D IT4 ,?US1 ! EAGLE ?AT PLANE 9 ! SKY TRIUMPHS OV] GRAVITY BY ! USE ( GRAVITY ITSELF4 

0,:AT6 ,MAN IS ORD] & BEAUTY1 & Y\ WILL AB&ON HIS $UCATION TO *ANCE6 ,HIS WILL IS FREE1 &1 9/EAD ( DIRECT+ HIM1 Y\ WILL IMPOSE *A9S ON HIM6 ,HIS CONSCI5CE RAISES HIM T[>DS HIS MAK]1 & Y\ WILL R5D] ?AT CONSCI5CE IMPI\S6 ,UND] ! PRETEXT ( EMANCIPAT+ REASON1 Y\ WILL PROCLAIM Y\R REPUBLIC )\T ,GOD6 ,TO BUILD UP ! FLE% & BLOOD1 Y\ WILL RECOMM5D PASSION & D5Y DUTY6 ,LEGISLATOR ( SW9E1 Y\R B>N WILL NOT /&3 ! CONSCI5CE1 ! WILL & ! 9TELLIG5CE WILL REACT AGA9/ A BL9D TYRANNY1 & S9CE Y\ HAVE NOT BE5 ABLE TO RULE !M1 & Y\ HAVE BE5 AFRAID TO DE/ROY !M1 Y\ WILL SEE !M BUR/ \T 9 A FRI<TFUL CONFUSION1 UNTIL F9ALLY1 EXHAU/$ BY !IR EXCESSES & OBEY+ !IR NATURE1 !Y RETURN TO !IR LEGITIMATE ORD9ATION & H>MONIZE !MSELVES 9 AN ET]NAL SOCIETY40 

,I W\LD LIKE N[ TO BE ABLE TO SAY H[1 ) ?AT P[]FUL ME?OD ( 9DUCTION1 ! ANCI5T PHILOSOPHY ESCAP$ ! REEF1 SO COMMON TODAY 9 A C]TA9 K9D ( %IPWRECK1 ( SPECULATIVE & PRACTICAL PAN!ISM2 H[ IT RESOLV$ ! SUBSEQU5T PROBLEMS ( ! DE/9Y ( MAN1 ( ! ORIG9 ( EVIL1 ( ! PR9CIPLE ( \R KN[L$GE & ( ! F\NDATIONS ( C]TITUDE4 ,BUT ,I HAVE NOT BE5 9ITIAT$ 9 ! SANCTU>IES ( ,HELIOPOLIS & ,J]USALEM1 & ,I HAVE NOT 9H]IT$ ! MANTLE ( ,ELIJAH4 ,MOREOV]1 SU* A RECON/RUCTION1 NOT BE+ MADE ( SPECIAL FRAGM5TS1 BUT ONLY 9F]R$ FROM ! G5]AL SPIRIT ( ! BELIEFS & 9/ITUTIONS1 W\LD ALWAYS PRES]VE AN >BITR>Y *>ACT]1 & H[EV] PLAUSIBLE ONE MAKES ! 5SEMBLE & ! DETAILS1 !Y WILL ATTE/ LESS TO ! EXACTITUDE ( ! DOCTR9E ?AN ! SPIRIT ( ! CRITIQUE4 

,MOSES1 HAV+ ?US TO RULE 9 A NATION ! WORKS & DAY1 ! FEA/S & HOLIDAYS1 ! LABORS ( ! BODY & ! EX]CISES ( ! S\L1 ! 9T]E/S ( HYGI5E & MORALS1 POLITICAL ECONOMY & ! SUBSI/5CE ( P]SONS1 HAD REC\RSE TO A SCI5CE ( SCI5CES1 TO A TRANSC5D5T H>MONIC1 IF HE WILL P]MIT ME TO GIVE IT A NAME1 ?AT EMBRACES EV]Y?+3 SPACE1 DURATION1 MOVEM5T1 M9DS & BODIES1 ! SACR$ & ! PR(ANE4 ,! C]TA9TY ( ?AT SCI5CE IS DEMON/RAT$ BY ! V]Y FACT ) :I* WE CONC]N \RSELVES4 ,R$UCE ! WEEK BY A S+LE DAY1 LABOR IS 9SUFFICI5T 9 COMP>ISON ) RE/2 ADD ! SAME QUANTITY1 & IT BECOMES EXCESSIVE4 ,E/ABLI% A HALF-DAY ( RE/ EV]Y ?REE DAYS1 & ! FRAGM5TATION MULTIPLIES ! LOSS ( TIME1 & BY SPLITT+ ! NATURAL UNITY ( ! DAY1 Y\ BREAK ! NUM]ICAL BALANCE ( ?+S4 ,GRANT1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 =TY-EI<T H\RS ( RE/ AFT] TWELVE CONSECUTIVE DAYS ( EF=T1 Y\ KILL ! MAN ) 9]TIA AFT] HAV+ EXHAU/$ HIM ) FATIGUE4 ,I OMIT1 = ! SAKE ( BREVITY1 ! MASS ( SIMIL> CONSID]ATIONS ?AT MI<T SUGGE/ ! 9V]SION ( RELATIONS 9 ! FAMILY & CITY1 & :I* W\LD BR+ TO LI<T O!R DISADVANTAGES4 ,H[ !N DID ,MOSES CALCULATE SO WELL8 ,HE DID NOT 9V5T ! WEEK1 BUT IT WAS1 HE BELIEV$1 ! FIR/ & ONLY ?+ ?AT W\LD S]VE = SU* A GREAT PURPOSE4 ,W\LD HE HAVE ADOPT$ ?AT PROPORTION1 IF HE HAD NOT CALCULAT$ 9 ADVANCE ITS :OLE IMPACT8 ,& IF IT WAS NOT ! EFFECT ( A !ORY HE HELD1 H[ >E WE TO EXPLA9 SU* A PRODIGI\S 9TUITION6 ,MOREOV]1 AS = SUPPOS+ ?AT *ANCE ALONE HAD ?US FAVOR$ IT1 ,I W\LD RA!R BELIEF 9 A SPECIAL REVELATION ?AT HAD BE5 MADE TO HIM AB\T IT1 OR ! FABLE ( A S[ WRIT+ ! ,ILIAD ) ITS SN\T4 

,WE RI<TLY MOCK ! FOOLI% MANIA ( ?OSE PEOPLE :O EXALT ! ANCI5TS BEYOND MEASURE1 & :O DISCOV] ! VE/IGES ( ! MO/ SUBLIME KN[L$GE :]E ! JUDICI\S OBS]V] ONLY P]CEIVES ! M>K ( GOOD S5SE4 ,BUT :5 ! FACTS >E MULTIPLI$ & CL>IFI$ BY EA* O!R1 :5 SEV]AL MONUM5TS R5D] A COMMON TE/IMONY1 ! PROBABILITY 9CREASES AS ! D\BT DIM9I%ES4 ,WE HAVE SE5 AT ! BEG9N+ ( ?IS MEMOIR ! SEPT5>Y NUMB] FIGURE 9 ! CATEGORIES ( DUTY2 ! SAME NUMB] IS PRES5T 9 ! COSMOGONY ( ,MOSES & 9 A MULTITUDE ( O!R CIRCUM/ANCES1 = EXAMPLE1 9 ! SYMPTOMATOLOGY ( ! LEP]2 F9ALLY1 WE HAVE CIT$ ! REFLECTIONS ( ,CABANIS ON ! RELATIONS ( NUMB]S3 W]E ALL !SE LAWS RECORD$ BY ! ANCI5TS1 OR JU/ DREAM$ UP AT R&OM8 ,! RESPONSE W\LD PRESUME ! V]Y SCI5CE ( :I* ,I HAVE SPOK5--& SPOK5 TOO LONG1 S9CE ,I DON'T EV5 KN[ ! NAME IT BE>S4 

,V 

,IF ,I HAVE ACCOMPLI%$ ! TASK ?AT ,I IMPOS$ ON MYSELF 9 BEG9N+ !SE RESE>*ES1 IT REMA9S C]TA9 & PROV53 

,?AT ! 9/ITUTION ( ! ,SABBA? WAS CONCEIV$ ON ! PR9CIPLES ( A HI<] POLITICS1 ! GREATE/ SECRET ( :I* CONSI/$ 9 MAK+ ! MEANS >ISE FROM ! 5D2 

,?AT ?IS 9/ITUTION1 ANALYZ$ 9 ! CIRCUM/ANCES ( ITS ORIG9 & ITS RE=M1 SUPPOSES LIB]TY1 EQUALITY1 SUPREMACY ( RELIGION & ! LAWS1 EXECUTIVE P[] 9 ! PEOPLE1 ABSOLUTE DEP5D5CE ( ! FUNCTION>IES1 MEANS ( SUBSI/5CE ! SAME = ALL2 

,?AT ITS EFFECTS1 M$IATE & IMM$IATE1 IS SUMM$ UP 9 ! FOLL[+3 HI<LY DEVELOP$ SOCIABILITY1 P]FECT MORALITY1 HEAL? ( ! BODY & M9D1 CON/ANT HAPP9ESS1 ALWAYS CAPABLE ( 9CREASE & V>IETY1 ACCORD+ TO AGES & *>ACT]S2 

,?AT IT WAS EM95TLY CONS]VATIVE ( ! SOCIAL ORD]1 :I* CONS]V$ IT 9 ITS TURN4 

,IT REMA9S = ME TO CL>IFY SOME DIFFICULTIES4 

,IF IT IS TRUE ?AT ! PLAN ( ,MOSES WAS SU* AS ,I HAVE TRI$ TO DESCRIBE1 H[ DID HE LET NO?+ ( ?AT PLAN APPE>8 ,:Y DO WE NOT F9D A WORD ( IT 9 ! MOTIVES ?AT HE ALLEG$1 & HE CIT$ EV]Y:]E ONLY TO ! ABSOLUTE WILL ( ,GOD8 ,:Y1 9/EAD ( !SE F9E POLITICAL TEA*+S1 DID HE ALWAYS RESORT TO PROMISES & ?REATS8 

,MOSES SPOKE TO HIS C5TURY SO ?AT HE C\LD BE UND]/OOD BY IT2 HE EXPLA9$ HIMSELF AS HE HAD TO4 ,! LAW ( ! ,SABBA? WAS NOT ! ONLY ONE 9 :I* ! NAME ( ,JEHOVAH TOOK ! PLACE1 \TW>DLY1 ( EV]Y MOTIVE & EV]Y SANCTION3 ! O!R LAWS1 :E!R POLITICAL1 CIVIL OR CRIM9AL1 AS WELL AS ! DETAIL$ ORD9ANCES1 W]E 9 ! SAME POSITION4 ,IT IS ALWAYS ! SAME =MULA-- ,I AM ! ,LORD -- :I* IS ! SUPREME REASON4 ,SOMETIMES ! B5EFIT ( DELIV]ANCE IS RECALL$1 9 ORD] TO ADD ! SWEET] BOND ( GRATITUDE TO ! MOTIVE ( FE>4 ,BUT EV]Y:]E ! TRUE SPIRIT ( ! LAW IS CONCEAL$3 ,MOSES SEEMS TO HAVE WANT$ ?AT KN[L$GE TO BE RES]V$ = ! FAI?FUL1 = IT TO BECOME ! PRIZE ( P]SEV]ANCE & M$ITATION4 ,SOMETIME HE ONLY HALF EXPRESS$ IT1 & SOMETIMES HE WRAPP$ HIS ?\<T 9 A SYMBOLIC & FIGURATIVE /YLE1 LEAV+ TO ! ATT5TIVE READ] ! TASK ( P5ETRAT+ ! S5SE ( HIS WORDS4 ,NEV]1 H[EV]1 DID HE DEIGN TO ANTICIPATE A :Y OR A H[1 OR TO =E/ALL A S+LE OBJECTION4 

,MOSES 9/ITUT$ A ,SABBA? YE>1 ?AT IS HE =BADE ! CULTIVATION ( ! SOIL EA* SEV5? YE>1 DECL>+ ?AT ! ,LORD WANT$ IT ?US1 & PROMIS+ ON HIS P>T A TRIPLE H>VE/ = ! SIX?4 ,MR4 ,PA/ORET F9DS ?AT IT IS NOT EASY TO JU/IFY ?AT LAW4 ,HE EV5 REM>KS ?AT ! TRIPLE H>VE/ WAS ALWAYS LACK+4 ,H[EV]1 ?AT LAW IS NO?+ BUT AN AGRICULTURAL PRECEPT1 & ! ABUNDANCE PROMIS$ = ! SIX? YE> IS ! NATURAL RESULT ( A R5EW$ F]TILITY4 ,) MORE KN[L$GE1 ! ,ISRAELITES W\LD HAVE GLIMPS$ ! AIM ( ! LEGISLATOR1 & !Y W\LD HAVE ORDA9$ ?AT ! ,SABBA? ( ! L& W\LD HAVE TAK5 PLACE EA* YE> 9 ONE-SEV5? ( ! L&S1 SO ?AT AT ! 5D ( SEV5 YE> ! :OLE T]RITORY W\LD BE RE/$4 ,! LAW DICTAT$ ?AT !Y CONT5T !MSELVES1 DUR+ ! SEV5? YE>1 ) ! PRODUCTS ( ! H]DS3 IT WAS AN 9VITATION TO CONV]T ! FIELDS 9TO >TIFICIAL PRAIRIES4 ,DON'T WE KN[ TODAY ?AT HIS MODE ( F>M+ RE/S ! E>? & 5RI*ES ! LABOR]8 

,BE/IALITY WAS PUNI%$ ) DEA?2 AMONG US1 ?AT 9FAMY W\LD H>DLY BE JUDG$ WOR?Y ( ! :IP4 ,! WRET* :O SOIL$ HIMSELF ) IT W\LD EXCITE MORE DISGU/ ?AN BLAME FROM ! TRIBUNALS4 ,BUT ?AT CRIME1 9 ! TIME ( ,MOSES1 WAS P>T ( IDOLATR\S C]EMONIES2 9 ,EGYPT1 WOM5 PRO/ITUT$ !MSELVES 9 PUBLIC TO ! ,GOAT ( ,M5DES & TO CROCODILES1 & SIMIL> CU/OMS W]E TO BE SE5 ELSE:]E4 ,IT IS ?AT EXECRABLE SUP]/ITION ?AT MOTIVAT$ ! SEV]ITY ( ,MOSES3 NONE ( ?AT1 H[EV] IS REFLECT$ 9 ! LAW ITSELF4 

,HE DECL>ES ABOM9ABLE ANYONE :O EX*ANGES !IR CLO?+ = ?AT ( ! OPPOSITE SEX4 ,IS IT A QUE/ION ( SIMPLE DISGUISE8 ,?AT W\LD BE TO BE A SLAVE ( ! TEXT4 ,MOSES DESIGNAT$ UND] AN 9NOC5T SURFACE ! SORT ( 9FAMY = :I* ,SAPPHO WAS FAM\S1 :I* ! ,GREEKS DEIFI$ 9 ,GANYM$E4 

,HE =BADE MIX+ ANY =EIGN SE$ 9 ! V9EY>DS1 LE/1 HE SAID1 ! TWO PLANTS H>M ONE ANO!R & >E RU9$4 ,?IS IS ANO!R LAW ( PUBLIC MORALITY DISGUIS$ UND] A RU/IC IMAGE4 ,MOSES1 9 PROHIBIT+ A CU/OM HONOR$ S9CE ,SP>TA1 :I* ,PLATO WANT$ TO 9TRODUCE 9TO HIS REPUBLIC1 TAU<T ! PEOPLE TO C>E MORE = CONJUGAL 9VIOLABILITY ?AN = ! PRODUCTION ( *ILDR54 

,IT IS A CAPITAL CRIME TO IMITATE ! COMPOSITION ( ! HOLY OIL1 BECAUSE1 SAID ,MOSES1 SU* A C\NT]FEIT IS SACRILEGE4 ,:AT MADE ?AT OIL SO PRECI\S8 ,IT IS BECAUSE ! M>K ( ! CL]GY & ROYALTY CONSI/$ 9 CONSECRATION2 & :AT ,MOSES CALL$ C\NT]FEIT+ ! HOLY OIL WAS NO?+ LESS ?AT ASPIR+ TO TYRANNY4 ,IT WAS PRIM>ILY ! CRIME ( NATIONAL LESE-MAJE/E4 

,PY?AGORAS SAID 9 ! SAME /YLE3 0,DON'T /IR ! FIRE ) ! SWORD4 ,DON'T SIT ON ! BU%EL40 ,HE MEANT3 0,DON'T PROVOKE AN ANGRY MAN4 ,AVOID IDL5ESS40 

,:5 ,MOSES 9/ITUT$ A CL]GY1 HE DID NOT GO \T ( HIS WAY TO EXPLA9 TO ! PEOPLE ITS NATURE & ATTRIBUTIONS2 HE TOLD !M NO?+ ( ! FUNCTIONS ( ?AT ORD]1 OR ( ITS PR]OGATIVES4 ,HE DID NOT ALL[ EV5 A GLIMPSE ( ! REASON :Y NO PROP]TY WAS ALL[$ TO ! ,LEVITES1 :ILE 9 ,EGYPT ! PRIE/S POSSESS$ A ?IRD ( ! L&4 ,HE MADE ,GOD SAY3 ,I HAVE *OS5 ! *ILDR5 ( ,LE VI TO S]VE 9 MY TAB]NACLE2 EV]Y 9TRUD] WILL BE PUT TO DEA?4 ,& ?AT WAS DONE TO ,CORE & ,DA?AN4 

,! SUCCESSORS ( ,MOSES ACT$ 9 EXACTLY ! SAME WAY4 

,UND] ! JUDICATURE ( ,SAMUEL1 ! PEOPLE DEM&$ A K+4 ,:AT WAS ! PROPHET'S ANSW]8 ,DID HE REASON ) ! DEPUTIES ( ! TRIBES8 ,DID HE CONSID] :E!R ROYALTY IS 9 ITSELF A JU/ & MORAL ?+2 IF IT IS 9 ! SPIRIT ( ! CON/ITUTION2 IF IT DID NOT W\ND ! RI<TS ( ! PEOPLE2 IF IT W\LD NOT LEAD TO A REVOLUTION 9 ! ,/ATE8 ,NO2 HE SAID TO !M3 

0,?IS WILL BE ! RI<T ( ! K+ :O WILL COMM& Y\3 

0,HE WILL TAKE Y\R SONS & MAKE !M MAN HIS *>IOTS2 HE WILL MAKE !M HORSEM51 RUNN]S1 TRIBUNES & C5TURIONS1 LABOR]S = HIS L&S1 H>VE/]S = HIS :EAT1 MAK]S ( >MS & *>IOTS40 ,SAMUEL SEEM$ TO ?REAT5 ! ,HEBREWS ) CONSCRIPTION4 

0,HE WILL MAKE Y\R DAU<T]S HIS P]FUM]S1 HIS COOKS & HIS BAK]S4 

0,HE WILL TAKE HOLD ( Y\R FIELDS1 Y\R V9EY>DS1 Y\R OLIVE OR*>DS1 & GIVE !M TO HIS S]VANTS4 

0,HE WILL TAKE A T5? ( Y\R H>VE/S1 TO PAY HIS EUNU*S & HIS DOME/ICS4 

0,HE WILL TAKE Y\R M5S]VANTS & Y\R MAIDS]VANTS1 ! /RONGE/ ( Y\R Y\NG M51 & Y\R ASSES1 & PUT !M TO WORK AT HIS *ORES2 HE WILL TAKE A T5? ( Y\R LIVE/OCK1 & Y\ WILL BE HIS SLAVES40 

,SAMUEL DID NOT 5T] 9TO A DISCUSSION ) ! PEOPLE2 HE DID NOT RETURN TO PR9CIPLES2 HE 9VOK$ NEI!R RI<TS1 NOR MORALS1 NOR ! CON/ITUTION4 ,LIKE ! DEMOCRATS ( #i#c1 HE %[$ ROYALTY ) ALL ITS EXTRAVAGANCES1 ITS USURPATIONS1 ITS VISES & ITS TYRANNY2 HE REVIEW$ ITS ODI\S CORTEGE1 & HE CRI$3 ,!RE IS Y\R K+6 

,?US1 :5 ,MOSES1 E/ABLI%+ ! ,SABBA?1 SAID TO ! PEOPLE3 ,?\ %ALT SANCTIFY ! SEV5? DAY1 BECAUSE IT IS ! RE/ ( ! ,LORD :O HAS BR\<T Y\ \T ( ,EGYPT1 IT IS NOT NECESS>Y TO BELIEVE1 ) ! ,ANGLICAN ,SP5C] & ! ,CALV9I/ ,B5JAM9 ,CON/ANT1 ?AT BEH9D !SE WORDS >E NOT HIDD5 O!R MOTIVES1 MORE DIRECT1 MORE HUMAN1 & MORE CAPABLE ( SATISFY+ ! SCRUPLES ( A =MALI/ & POSITIVE POLITICS4 ,BUT WE MU/ RECOGNIZE 9 ?AT LANGUAGE ! NECESSITIES ( ! AGE4 ,MOSES1 =C$ TO PROPORTION HIS MESSAGE TO ! 9TELLIG5CE ( HIS FREEM51 *OSE1 FROM AMONG ALL ! REASONS HE C\LD HAVE GIV5 TO HIS COMM&M5TS1 ! MO/ IMPRESSIVE & =MIDABLE1 & LET US SAY IT BOLDLY1 9 ! LA/ ANALYSIS1 ! MO/ TRUE1 ! ONLY TRUE ONE4 

,BUT ,I S5SE ?AT MY P>ADOXES BECOME MORE & MORE APPALL+4 

,:AT6 ,SOME 9DIGNANT PHILOSOPH] WILL D\BTLESS CRY3 ,Y\ D>E TO SAY ?AT ,GOD RE/S1 ?AT HE IS CONC]N$ ) \R FEA/S1 ?AT HE MU/ OBS]VE ! ,SABBA? BECAUSE HE GIVES ! EXAMPLE = IT6 TO SET UP SOME RULES1 USEFUL IF Y\ LIKE1 ON REVELATIONS & ORACLES1 :5 ONE CLAIMS TO HAVE BETT] REASONS6 ,TO MAKE ,DIV9ITY 9T]V5E :]E ONLY REASON+ IS ADMISSIBLE6 ,TO LEAD M5 A/RAY1 9/EAD ( 9/RUCT+ !M1 ?AT IS :AT WILL BE CALL$ TRU?6 ,:AT IS Y\R PHILOSOPHY8 ,:AT DO Y\ PR(ESS8 

,UN=TUNATE ONE1 H[ WILL Y\ UND]/& ME1 IF Y\ REFUSE TO SEE ! TR5D ( MY ?\<T8 ,MY PR(ESSION IS ?IS3 ?AT ,MOSES BELIEV$ 9 HIS [N ,GOD2 ?AT HE BELIEV$ 9 HIS S\L & CONSCI5CE1 & ?AT HE WAS IMBU$ ) ?AT FAI? :I* ALONE E/ABLI%$ HIS AU?ORITY & HIS /R5G?4 ,HE ADOR$ =EMO/1 9 SPIRIT & 9 TRU?1 ?AT ,JEHOVAH :OSE PROPHET HE WAS4 ,BUT HIS WOR%IP WAS NOT ( ! COMMON SORT4 

,GOD1 AS ,MOSES CONCEIV$ HIM1 IS LIV+ ,=CE1 EFFECTIVE ,WILL1 9F9ITE ,REASON4 

,HE IS1 HE CREATES1 & HE COMM&S4 

,AS SUPREME BE+1 HE IS ! PR9CIPLE ( ALL EXI/5CE2 AS ACTION & LIFE1 HE MOVES1 ANIMATES & PRES]VES2 AS 9TELLIG5CE1 HE REGULATES ALL CREATION4 

,! EXTRAORD9>Y REVOLUTIONS ( ! WORLD1 :I* >E ALWAYS DE/ROY$ & ALWAYS RE/OR$1 ANN\NCE ! ET]NITY & IMMUTABILITY ( HIS BE+2 ! CON/ANCY ( PHYSICAL LAWS1 ! P]MAN5CE ( =MS1 & ! RECURR5CE ( MOVEM5TS ATTE/ TO HIS 9FLEXIBLE WILL2 ! SEQU5CE ( CAUSES & EFFECTS1 ! EXACT DISPOSITION ( EA* ?+ = A S+LE 5D1 DEMON/RATES HIS WISDOM4 

,! EXI/5CE ( ,GOD IS NOT PROV5 A PRIORI1 NOR A PO/]IORI1 BECAUSE HE HAS NO BE=E OR AFT]4 ,WE SEE ?AT EXI/5CE & FEEL IT4 ,WE ?9K1 SPEAK1 REFLECT & REASON AB\T IT4 ,GOD IS NECESSITY2 ! ALPHA & OMEGA1 ! PR9CIPLE & COMPLEM5T ( ALL4 ,HE IS ! ,UNIQUE & ! ,UNIV]SAL1 EMBRAC+ ALL TRU?S 9 AN 9F9ITE *A94 ,WE GRASP SOME L9KS H]E & !RE1 SOME MORE OR LESS EXT5SIVE FRAGM5TS ( ?AT *A91 BUT ! IMM5SITY ( ITS 5SEMBLE ESCAPES US4 ,:OEV] EXPRESSES A ?\<T1BY ?AT ALONE NAMES ,GOD2 ALL \R SCI5CES >E ONLY P>TIAL OR UNF9I%$ EXPOSITIONS ( ! ABSOLUTE SCI5CE1 :I* IS ! SCITUM & FATUM ( ,GOD HIMSELF4 

,! ORGANISMS ?AT ,GOD HAS CREAT$ >E PR$ISPOS$ BY HIM 9 SU* A WAY ?AT1 COM+ FROM HIS H&S1 !Y ACCOMPLI% !IR DE/9IES BY !MSELVES4 ,?US1 ! CELE/IAL ORBS HAVE EA* BE5 WEI<T$ = ! R\TE ?AT !Y WILL TRAVEL4 ,?US ! ATOMS F9D !MSELVES =M$ = ALL COMB9ATIONS4 ,9 ! VEGETABLE REALM1 ! ASSIMILAT+ P[] IS NEV] DECEIV$3 WE HAVE YET TO SEE ! GRAPEV9E PRODUCE MELONS4 

,! ANIMALS >E 5D[$ ) MEMORY & IMAG9ATION1 & CAPABLE ( SOME EXP]I5CE3 !Y 5JOY NE>LY FROM BIR? AN 5TIRELY DEVELOP$ & 9NATE 9TELLIG5CE1 :I* WE CALL 9/9CT4 ,!IR MOVEM5TS >E SPONTANE\S1 & !IR WILL IS FREE2 BUT ?AT LIB]TY ONLY ACTS UND] A LAWFUL ORD]1 & ONLY OBEYS A SORT ( IMPULSE1 ?AT ( PHYSICAL & S5SIBLE NATURE4 

,COMP>$ ) ! ANIMALS1 MAN HAS1 ) REG>D TO ?\<T1 MORE 9TELLIG5CE1 :I* REFLECTS1 C\NTS1 JUDGES1 REASONS1 COMB9ES1 G5]ALIZES1 CLASSES & DI/+UI%ES2 ) REG>D TO S5TIM5T1 MORE CONSCI5CE1 :I* DICTATES NEW LAWS TO HIM1 (T5 CONTR>Y TO ! APPETITES ( HIS S5SIBILITY4 ,! FIELD ( HUMAN LIB]TY IS D\BLE3 5LI<T5$ BY REASON1 ! MA/]WORK ( ?AT LIB]TY IS TO H>MONIZE ALL HIS ACTS2 ITS GREATE/ EF=T1 TO SACRIFICE PASSION TO DUTY4 

,! WILL ( MAN1 OBEY+ TWO DIFF]5T IMPULSES1 HAS A COMPOSITE MOVEM5T4 ,IT IS ?US PRONE TO GO+ A/RAY4 ,9 ?AT CASE1 MAN IS AT FAULT & ALWAYS UNHAPPY4 ,! DIRECTION ( ! WILL DEM&S ! MO/ ATT5TIVE MONITOR+ & ! MO/ DISCRIM9AT+ TEMP]AM5T4 ,IT IS 9 ! /UDY ( ! RELATIONS BETWE5 ! PHYSICAL1 ! 9TELLECTUAL & ! MORAL1 ?AT ! BE/ ( MODE $UCATION = ! WILL IS TO BE DISCOV]$4 

,BUT MAN IS BORN 9TO SOCIETY3 IT IS ?US ALSO NECESS>Y TO /UDY ! RELATIONS BETWE5 M51 9 ORD] TO DET]M9E !IR RI<TS & SKET* \T SOME RULES = !M4 ,:AT COMPLICATIONS6 ,!RE IS A SCI5CE ( QUANTITIES :I* =CES ASS5T1 EXCLUDES WILLFUL OBJECTIONS1 & REJECTS EV]Y UTOPIA2 A SCI5CE ( PHYSICAL PH5OM5A1 :I* RE/S ONLY ON ! OBS]VATION ( ! FACTS2 A GRAMM> & A POETICS BAS$ ON ! ESS5CE ( LANGUAGE1 ETC4 ,!RE MU/ ALSO EXI/ A SCI5CE ( SOCIETY1 ABSOLUTE & RIGOR\S1 BAS$ ON ! NATURE ( MAN & HIS FACULTIES1 & ON !IR RELATIONS1 A SCI5CE ?AT HE WILL NOT 9V5T1 BUT DISCOV]4 

,N[1 ADMIT ?AT ! PR9CIPLES ( ?AT SCI5CE HAVE BE5 FIX$1 ) EV]Y APPLICATION MADE BY MEANS ( ! PR9CIPLES ( D$UCTION & CAUSATION1 & WE WILL UND]/& H[ ,MOSES1 />T+ FROM ! ABSOLUTE1 F\ND AS ! ULTIMATE REASON = HIS LAWS ONLY ! COMM&S ( ,GOD4 

#e MULTIPLI$ BY #e GIVES A PRODUCT ( #b#e4 ,:Y8 ,IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO GIVE ANY REASON = IT1 IF NOT ?AT ?IS IS A FACT1 ?AT ?IS IS ! LOGIC ( NUMB]S1 ?AT \R 9TELLIG5CE1 :OSE LAWS >E ! SAME AS ?OSE ( NATURE--OR ,GOD--MAKE US UND]/& ! FACT 9 ?IS WAY4--,BODIES WEI< ON ! E>?4 ,:Y8 ,BECAUSE ( GRAVITATION4 ,& :AT IS GRAVITATION8 ,! ORD] ( ,GOD1 SAID ,NEWTON4--,NITRIC ACID %[S A /RONG] ATTRACTION TO IRON ?AN TO COPP]4 ,:Y8 ,?AT IS P]HAPS ! RESULT ( ! %APE1 ! D5SITY1 & ! DIFF]5T >RANGEM5T ( !IR ATOMS4 ,:Y DON'T ! ATOMS ( ALL BODIES RESEMBLE ONE ANO!R8 ,IT IS BECAUSE ,GOD WILLS IT4 -- ,! ELEM5TS ( V]SE1 9 ,LAT91 CONSI/ ( PROSODY & MEASURE2 9 ,FR5*1 9 RHYME OR MEASURE4 ,:Y ?IS DIFF]5CE8 ,BECAUSE ( ! DIV]SITY ( IDIOMS4 ,BUT1 :ILE ! 9TELLIG5CE & ORGANS ( MAN REMA9 ! SAME1 :]E CAN ?IS DIV]SITY COME FROM8 ,FROM A MULTITUDE ( CAUSES :I* ALL AM\NT TO ! DECREE ( DE/9Y4 

,TO GOV]N M51 IT IS ALSO ONLY A QUE/ION ( SEEK+ ,GOD'S ORD]4 ,EV]Y?+ ?AT 5T]S 9TO ?AT ORD] IS GOOD & JU/2 EV]Y?+ ?AT /RAYS FROM IT IS FALSE1 TYRANNICAL & BAD4 

,IT IS JU/ TO MAKE1 OR TO SPEAK MORE PRECISELY1 TO DISCOV] & ASC]TA9 ! ECONOMIC LAWS1 RE/RICTIVE ( PROP]TY & DI/RIBUTIVE ( LABOR2 ,:Y8 ,9 ORD] TO MA9TA9 EQUALITY 9 CONDITIONS4 ,BUT :Y %\LD CONDITIONS BE EQUAL8 ,BECAUSE ! RI<T TO LIVE & DEVELOP COMPLETELY IS EQUAL = ALL1 & ! 9EQUALITY ( CONDITIONS IS AN OB/ACLE TO ! EX]CISE ( ?AT RI<T4 ,H[ IS ! EQUALITY ( RI<TS PROV58 ,BY ! P>ITY ( P5*ANTS & FACULTIES2 BECAUSE ,GOD1 9 GIV+ !M TO ALL1 DID NOT WANT !M TO BE /IFL$ OR SUBJUGAT$ 9 ONE = ! B5EFIT ( ANO!R4 ,! EQUALITY ( =TUNES IS ! EXPRESSION ( ! DIV9E WILL1 :I* HAS RES]V$ = REBELLI\S SOCIETIES A T]RIBLE PUNI%M5T1 DE/ITUTION4 ,IT IS A QUE/ION ( KN[+ H[ ?AT EQUALITY WILL BE REALIZ$3 = IT IS NOT = US ! OBJECT ( A RE/ORATION1 BUT ( AN 9/ITUTION4 

,! COMM& ( AN 9DIVIDUAL WILL ONLY BE C\NT$ = SOME?+ TO ! EXT5T ?AT IT CON=MS TO REASON3 9 ?IS CASE1 IT IS NO LONG] ! MAN :O COMM&S1 IT IS REASON4 ,IT IS ! LAW4 ,IT IS ,GOD4 ,NOBODY HAS ! PRIVILEGE ( 9T]POS+ HIS WILL 9 ! LEGAL EX]CISE ( RI<T1 TO SUSP5D ! LAW OR SANCTION IT4 ,?US ALL ROYALTY IS CONTR>Y TO ORD]2 IT IS A NEGATION ( ,GOD4 ,EV]Y:]E ROYALTY EXI/S1 EV5 :5 SUBJECT$ TO SOME RULES1 EV5 IF IT IS B5EFICIAL & PROTECTIVE1 IT WILL ONLY BE AN ABUSE ?AT NO?+ CAN LEGITIMATE1 A USURPATION ?AT NO ONE CAN DICTATE4 ,ITS ORIG9 IS ALWAYS BLAMEWOR?Y4 ,IT IS1 IF ONE WILL ALL[ ME ?IS S*OLA/IC J>GON1 EX ORD9E ORD9&O1 NEV] EX ORD9E ORD9ATO4 --,WE MU/ SAY AS MU* ( ALL >I/OCRACY & DEMOCRACY4 ,! AU?ORITY ( SOME OV] ALL IS NO?+4 ,! AU?ORITY ( ! GREATE/ NUMB] OV] ! LEA/ IS NO?+4 ,! AU?ORITY ( ALL AGA9/ ONE IS NO?+1 )\T ! AU?ORITY ( ! LAW1 :I* ALONE CANNOT BE CONTRADICT$4 

,IT IS GOOD ?AT SOME M5 BE SPECIALLY *>G$ ) 9/RUCT+ ! O!RS1 ) RECALL+ !M TO !IR RI<TS1 W>N+ !M ( !IR DUTIES1 TEA*+ MANN]S & RELIGION1 BR++ UP ! Y\NG1 SETTL+ CONT5TIONS & DISPUTES1 CULTIVAT+ ! SCI5CES & PRACTIC+ M$IC9E4 ,!SE M5 >E NOT MA/]S1 BUT TEA*]S ( ! PEOPLE1 DEMAGOGUES4.<#h.> ,!Y COMM& NO ONE2 !Y SAY :AT %\LD BE DONE1 & ! PEOPLE C>RY IT \T4 ,!Y DO NOT IMPOSE BELIEF1 BUT %[ ! TRU?4 ,!Y NEI!R GIVE NOR SELL RELIGION1 PHILOSOPHY & ! SCI5CES1 = !Y >E NOT !IR PROP]TY4 ,!Y >E ONLY !IR PHYSICIANS & GU>DIANS4 ,!IR DOCTR9E IS TRUE3 ALL ?AT !Y ANN\NCE IS ! WORD ( ,GOD4 

,IT IS NECESS>Y FROM TIME TO TIME = M5 TO RE/1 ?AT !Y EV5 REJOICE3 ! S\L MU/ BE N\RI%$ & ! BODY REPAIR$4 ,:AT %\LD ! DURATION ( LABOR BE8 ,:AT WILL ! 9T]VALS ( RE/ BE8 ,WILL ! HOLIDAYS BE OBS]V$ SIMULTANE\SLY BY ALL ! CITIZ5S8 ,H[ WILL HYGI5E1 MORALS1 ! FAMILY & ! REPUBLIC PR(IT BY !M8 ,SE>* ! WILL ( ,GOD4 

,IT IS ?US ?AT1 9 !IR POLITICAL F\NDATIONS1 ALL ! LEGISLATORS & PHILOSOPH]S ( ANTIQUITY W\LD PROCE$4 ,NEV] W\LD !Y 5T] 9TO ! SPIRIT ( SEP>AT+ ! RI<TS FROM ! MAN1 ( PLAC+ SOME UND] ! PROTECTION ( A JU/ICE >M$ ) A SWORD1 & AB&ON ! O!RS TO ! TUTELAGE ( RELIGION4 ,= !M EV]Y MORAL PROSCRIPTION WAS CIVIL LAW1 & ALL CIVIL LAW WAS SACR$4 ,) REG>D TO RELIGI\S RITES1 AS ?OSE RI<TS HAD = PR9CIPLE A REASONABLE & USEFUL OBJECT1 ! GREATE/ M5 SUBMITT$ TO !M1 CONCEIV+ NO VIRTUE & PROPRIETY )\T A RULE1 AS !Y DID NOT CONCEIVE JU/IFICATION )\T WORKS4 

,FROM ! UNITY ( ! LAW FOLL[$ ! UNITY ( P[]3 SO IT HAPP5$ ?AT ,J]OBOAM ]ECT$ A TEMPLE 9 ,SAM>IA1 ?AT ,OZIAS WANT$ TO AW>D HIMSELF ! C5S]1 9 ,ROME ! CONSULS W]E AT ! SAME TIME SOO?SAY]S & SUPREME PONTIFFS1 ?AT ! FUR!R ONE GOES BACK 9TO ANTIQUITY1 ! MORE ONE F9DS ?AT ! *IEFS ( ! PEOPLES BR\<T TOGE!R ! ?REE POSITIONS ( K+1 PRIE/ & PROPHET4 ,BUT SOON ALL ?OSE NOTIONS W\LD BE OBSCUR$4 ,! USURPATIONS 5T]$ LIKE A MOB 9TO ! SANCTU>Y & ! TEMPLE ( ! LAW4 ,! K+S & PRIE/S1 EA* ON !IR SIDE1 W\LD MAKE A PATRIMONY ( ! GOV]NM5T & ! *UR*1 & SOMETIMES QU>REL+1 SOMETIMES ASSOCIAT+ !IR 9T]E/S1 TOO (T5 MADE ! YOKE ( FANATICISM & TYRANNY WEI< ON ! PEOPLE4 

,MOSES WANT$ TO SP>E ! ,ISRAELITES !SE FATAL DRAWBACKS4 ,HE F\ND$ A POLICE :I*1 CONFID$ TO A MORE FAI?FUL RACE1 W\LD C]TA9LY HAVE L$ TO ! HI<E/ DEGREE ( DOME/IC FELICITY & NATIONAL /R5G?4 ,BUT ! PEOPLE1 NOT KN[+ H[ TO BE FREE1 WANT$ A K+4 ,N[1 ! E/ABLI%M5T ( A ROYALTY WAS SOME?+ SO CONTR>Y TO ALL ! IDEAS ( ! LEGISLATOR1 SO ECC5TRIC TO HIS PLAN1 ?AT ! ,JEWI% MON>*S NEV] BELIEV$ ?AT !Y C\LD CONSOLIDATE !IR P[] BESIDE A LAW ?AT !Y HAD NOT MADE & :I* TR\BL$ !M 9 ALL !IR MOVEM5TS4 ,?AT IS :AT EXPLA9S ?AT DOGG$ IDOLATRY1 ?AT LONG APO/ASY 9TO :I* ! K+S ( ,JUDAH /ROVE TO LEAD ! NATION4 ,&1 9DE$1 TO RETURN TO MY SUBJECT1 7:I* ,I HAVE NEV] AB&ON$1 EV5 :5 ,I SEEM TO BE DIV]T+ EV] MORE FROM IT17 :AT C\LD HAVE BE5 MORE DREADFUL & ODI\S = ! SULTANS ( ,J]USALEM1 ?AN !SE FEA/S & ,SABBA?S :5 ! PEOPLE W]E OBLIG$ BY !IR RELIGION TO GA!R & TO READ ! LAW1 ?AT LAW ?AT TAU<T !M :O !Y W]E & :O WAS !IR SOV]EIGN8 ,H[ C\LD !Y BE> ?OSE GREAT SOLEMNITIES ( ,PASSOV] & ,TAB]NACLES1 :I*1 GA!R+ ! :OLE NATION AS A S+LE FAMILY1 MADE !M REFLECT ON !IR /R5G? & ON ! WEAKNESS ( ! CORRUPT+ & LIB]TICIDAL TYRANT8 ,! S*ISM ( ! T5 TRIBES WAS ACCOMPLI%$ 9 ONE ( !SE GREAT GA!R+S4 ,A?ALIAH WAS CA/ D[N FROM ! ?R[N DUR+ ! FEA/ ( ,P5TECO/4 ,! ,MACCABEES W\LD USE A ,PASSOV] TO R\SE ! PEOPLE AGA9/ ! K+ ( ,SYRIA1 & ?IS WAS ALSO ! OCCASION :5 ! REVOLT ( ! ,JEWS UND] ,VESPASIAN TOOK PLACE4 ,ACCORD+ TO ! PRESCRIPTIONS ( ,MOSES1 ! K+ C\LD ONLY BE A PRESID5T ( ! REPUBLIC4 ,?IS WAS CLE>LY ! S5SE ( ! 9/RUCTIONS GIV5 TO ! K+ 9 ,DEUT]ONOMY1 ( :I*1 UNTIL ! TIME ( ,JOSIAH1 NO ONE HAD BE5 AW>E4 ,TO BE K+1 TRULY K+1 AS ! ,HEBREW MELKS UND]/OOD IT1 & AS ONE ALWAYS EXPECTS IT TO BE1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO CORRUPT ! PEOPLE & SEP>ATE !M FROM ! 9/ITUTIONS3 ?AT WAS1 IT IS TRUE1 :AT L$ TO ITS LOSS & PREP>$ ! RU9 ( ! ?RONE4 ,NO MATT]1 ! K+S W\LD NOT HESITATE4 ,! S$UCTION WAS ACCOMPLI%$1 & IT WAS TOTAL4 ,IT WILL LA/ AS LONG AS ! MON>*Y ITSELF1 S9CE1 9 ! WORDS ( ! F\R? BOOK ( ,K+S1 IT WAS AN UNHE>D ( NOVELTY ?AT ! ,PASSOV] WAS CELEBRAT$ UND] ,JOSIAH &1 ACCORD+ TO ,EZRA1 ! CAPTIVITY HAD LA/$ SEV5TY YE>S1 9 ORD] ?AT ! E>? HAD ! TIME TO RE/ & CELEBRATE ITS ,SABBA?S4 ,AS SOON AS A NATION HAS RI<T1 EV5 IF GRANT$ .<FROM ABOVE.>1 IT IS UNGOV]NABLE BY ANY WILL ?AT WANTS TO BE ! EQUAL1 IF NOT ! RUL] ( ! LAW2 BECAUSE1 SOON] OR LAT]1 ! ,*>T]1 :E!R AW>D$ OR CONS5T$ TO1 REBELS AGA9/ ! WILL :I* IS NOT ITS [N1 & OPPOSES IT4 

,9 IT ORIG9S1 RELIGION WAS POLITICS & SCI5CE2 ! PRIE/HOOD W]E ?US ALSO MAGI/RACY & TEA*]S4 ,EV]Y SOCIAL ORGANIZATION IS CONTA9$ 9 ?AT TRILOGY4 ,BUT IT IS NECESS>Y ?AT ! PRIE/ BECOMES DOGMATIC & 9TOL]ANT1 ?AT ! JUDGE BECOMES VIOL5T & DESPOTIC1 ?AT ! PHILOSOPH]1 CONTEMPTU\S ( PRIE/S & K+S1 MAKES HIMSELF !IR P]SECUTOR & CURSE2 IT IS NECESS>Y ?AT ALL MANK9D %\LD BE> ! P5ALTY ( !IR FOLLIES1 TO TEA* US ?AT ! DIVISION ( FUNCTIONS DOES NOT 5TAIL ! SEP>ATION ( P[]S1 & ?AT IF !RE IS A CONTRADICTION BETWE5 REASON & CONSCI5CE1 BETWE5 CONSCI5CE & ! LAW1 ?AT CONTRADICTION COMES FROM US4 ,TODAY1 PEACE IS ON ! V]GE ( BE+ CONCLUD$3 ! CIVIL LAW RECOGNIZES ITS 9SUFFICI5CY1 & CALLS = ! SUPPORT ( RELIGION2 PHILOSOPHY T\*ES ON ! DEMON/RATION ( ! MY/]IES2 FAI?1 )\T AB&ON+ ANY ( ITS DOCTR9E & TRADITIONS1 (F]S RATIONAL EXPLICATIONS4 ,:O W\LD D>E TO SAY ?AT SOME?+ GREAT] ?AN ! CODE1 PHILOSOPHY & RELIGION WILL NOT SPR+ FROM !SE RECIPROCAL CONCESSIONS8 

,!RE WAS ALWAYS1 )9 ! HOMEL&1 AN ELITE ( CITIZ5S1 ! FIR/ 9 SCI5CE & VIRTUE4 ,LET !IR FUNCTIONS BE TO 9/RUCT1 C\NSEL & RESOLVE4 ,LET !M =M ! GREATE/ & MO/ GLORI\S UNIV]SITY4 ,LET !M GIVE TO ! PEOPLE A P]PETUAL EXAMPLE ( EQUALITY & DIS9T]E/$NESS4 ,LET !IR REW>D BE TO HE> !MSELVES CALL$ PRUD5T AS WELL AS WISE & FA!RS ( ! NATION4 

,LET US ABOLI% ROYALTY )\T HATR$ & V5GEANCE1 BECAUSE ) ROYALTY WE >E ALL GUILTY4 ,LET US REJECT IT1 NOT ONLY AS VICI\S1 EXTRAVAGANT1 CORRUPT+ & UNWOR?Y1 BUT AS ILLEGITIMATE4 ,WE DISPUTE 5DLESSLY3 ,! K+ REIGNS & GOV]N 1 ! K+ REIGNS & DOES NOT GOV]N4 ,LET US BEG9 BY SAY+3 ,HE GOV]NS & DOES NOT REIGN2 & IF WE >E NOT /ILL 9 ! REALM ( TRU?1 AT LEA/ WE HAVE MADE A /EP T[>DS IT2 = IT IS ! PEOPLE :O >E ! EXECUTIVE P[]1 & IT IS ! LAW ?AT 9AUGURATES !M4 

,& LET US PRES]VE1 LET US RE/ORE ! SOLEMNITY ( ,SUNDAY1 SO EM95TLY SOCIAL & POPUL>1 NOT AS AN OBJECT ( ECCLESIA/IC DISCIPL9E1 BUT AS AN 9/ITUTION ?AT CONS]VES MORES1 A S\RCE ( PUBLIC SPIRIT1 A MEET+ PLACE 9ACCESSIBLE TO ! COPS1 & A GU>ANTEE ( ORD] & LIB]TY4 ,9 ! CELEBRATION ( ,SUNDAY IS LODG$ ! MO/ FRUITFUL PR9CIPLE ( \R FUTURE PROGRESS2 IT IS BY TAK+ ADVANTAGE ( ,SUNDAY ?AT ! RE=M WILL BE A*IEV$4 

,LET !RE RISE 9 ! MID/ ( HIS BRO!RS1 ) ALL ! AU?ORITY ( VIRTUE & G5IUS1 ! RE=M] ?AT SOME AWAIT4 ,LET HIM COME1 P[]FUL 9 WORDS & DE$S1 TO CONV]T & TO PUNI%4 ,LET HIM SEE ! HORROR ( \R VISES1 & HE> ! TALE ( \R FOLLIES4 ,LET HIM LAM5T \R MIS]IES & LET HIM CRY \T3 ,! CAUSE ( ! EVIL IS 9 ! IDEAS4 ,TO HEAL ! HE>T1 Y\ MU/ CORRECT ! BRA94 ,CAN Y\ REMAKE Y\R UND]/&+8 ,CAN Y\ *ANGE Y\R OP9IONS1 CONDEMN :AT PLEASES Y\1 HATE :AT MAKES Y\ LAU<1 LOVE & RESPECT :AT H>DLY CONC]NS Y\8 ,DO Y\ BELIEVE !SE TRU?S ?AT Y\ NO LONG] UND]/&8 

,CRIME IS IMPUTABLE1 SATISFACTION NECESS>Y1 & PUNI%M5T JU/ & LEGITIMATE4 

,LABOR IS OBLIGATORY1 PROP]TY ONLY USUFRUCT1 & 9H]ITANCE A MODE ( CONS]VATION ( %>ES2 LIB]TY IS BALANCE 2 ! 9EQUALITY ( NATURE IS WEAK5$ BY $UCATION1 & EFFAC$ BY ! EQUALITY ( =TUNES4 ,M>RIAGE IS EXCLUSIVE & HOLY3 =NICATION IS AN (F5SE AGA9/ NATURE1 AGA9/ P]SONS & AGA9/ SOCIETY4 

,REASON OV]SEES ! S5SES2 ! CONSCI5CE IMPOSES A BRAKE ON ! ANIMAL PASSIONS4 ,MAN'S 5D IS NOT TO 5JOY1 BUT TO CULTIVATE HIS S\L & CONTEMPLATE ! WORKS ( ,GOD4 

,FALSEHOOD IS ! MURD] ( ! 9TELLIG5CE2 ! OA? IS 9VIOLABLE4 

,! LAW IS NOT ! EXPRESSION ( A S+LE WILL1 NOR ( A G5]AL WILL2 IT IS ! NATURAL RELATION ( ?+S 1 DISCOV]$ & APPLI$ BY REASON 4 

,! SANCTION ( ! LAW IS 9 ,GOD1 :O GIVES IT4 

H CITIZ5S6 ,IF Y\ CAN'T H&LE ?AT M$ICATION1 IF Y\ F9D ?IS BREW TOO BITT]1 /OP COMPLA9+1 ASK = NO M$IC9E & ROT 9 Y\R [N CORRUPTION4 ,BUT LI/5 TO :AT WILL HAPP54 

,! SUN WILL %9E NEI!R MORE NOR LESS ON ! SOIL :]E Y\ LIVE4 ,! DEW & G5TLE BREEZES WILL REFRE% Y\R FIELDS & MEAD[S 9 ! SAME WAY4 ,Y\R TREES WILL NOT BE LESS PRODUCTIVE1 Y\R V9ES LESS F]TILE4 ,Y\ WILL NOT SEE HAIL1 FLOODS OR FIRE DESOLATE Y\R T[NS OR C\NTRYSIDE MORE (T54 ,! ELEM5TS WILL NOT BE MORE MURD]\S4 

,BUT OPUL5CE & MIS]Y1 9SEP>ABLE COMPANIONS1 WILL 9CREASE 9 AN 5DLESS PROGRESSION2 L>GE PROP]TIES WILL 9VADE EV]Y:]E4 ,! BANKRUPT PEASANT WILL SELL HIS 9H]ITANCE2 & :5 !RE >E ONLY L&LORDS & T5ANTS1 LORDS & S]FS1 ! FIR/ WILL GIVE TO ! SECOND A FEW CLO!S1 LODG+ & SOME BREAD1 & !Y WILL SAY TO !M3 ,SEE H[ HAPPY Y\R >E8 ,:AT IS LIB]TY & EQUALITY8 ,LONG LIVE H>MONY6 

,9 ?OSE TIMES1 TRIVIAL TAL5TS & >TS ( LUXURY WILL BE REW>D$ LAVI%LY4 ,WE WILL SEE S+]S MORE WEAL?Y ?AN L>GE VILLAGES >E N[4 ,! WAGE ( A COM$I5NE WILL BE MORE ?AN ! CO/ ( A HUNDR$ BU%ELS ( :EAT 9 A FAM9E4 ,! POOR WORK]1 ! LABOR]'S WIFE & ! >TISAN WILL BE HUMILIAT$4 

,! M]IT ( WOM5 WILL NO LONG] BE ANY?+ BUT AN EVALUATION ( !IR BEAUTY1 !IR MO/ SACR$ RI<T1 TO BE SURR5D]$ TO ! HI<E/ BIDD]4 ,! WEAL?Y WILL POSSESS !M ALL1 BECAUSE !Y ALONE CAN PAY2 ! POOR WILL BE LEFT ) ! DISGRAC$ & ! CA/(FS ( LUXURY4 

,! IGNORANCE & EXHAU/ION ( ! PROLET>IANS WILL BE AT ITS HEI<T4 ,!Y WILL NOT BE PREV5T$ FROM LE>N+1 BUT !Y WILL NOT BE ABLE TO LIVE )\T WORK+1 & :5 !Y >E NOT WORK+1 !Y WILL EAT NO?+4 ,IF SOMEONE AMONG !M %[S TAL5T1 HE WILL BE 5C\RAG$1 REW>D$1 & 5RI*$2 HE WILL 5T] 9TO ! UPP] CLASS & BE LO/ TO HIS [N4 

,! PEOPLE1 :O ALWAYS FOLL[ ! EXAMPLE ( ! RI* & P[]FUL1 HAV+ LO/ RESPECT & FAI? 9 ! OLD RELIGION1 :I* AT LEA/ TAU<T !M ! EQUALITY ( M5 BE=E ,GOD1 & C\LD MAKE !M SUSPECT ?AT !Y >E ALSO EQUALS ON E>?1 WILL TRAV]SE ALL ! DEGREES ( A MAT]IALI/ & PAN!I/ SUP]/ITION2 & :5 !Y HAVE BE5 P]SUAD$ ?AT ,GOD IS ,ALL & ?AT ALL IS ,GOD1 !N !Y WILL RETURN TO FETI%ES & MANIT\S4 ,!Y WILL WOR%IP1 AS !Y ONCE DID1 ! TREES & /ONES2 !Y WILL BELIEVE 9 ! P[] OR RELICS1 & C>RY AMULETS2 & ! WEAL?Y1 UND] ! PRETEXT ( UTILITY & TOL]ANCE1 WILL PROTECT ! NEW DEVOTION1 SAY+3 ,!RE MU/ BE A RELIGION = ! PEOPLE4 

,H[EV]1 !Y WILL SOMETIMES 5C\NT] SOME PR\D S\LS1 M5 :O REFUSE TO B[ D[N BE=E ! GOLD5 CALF4 ,?OSE WILL WANT TO COMP>E ACC\NTS ) ! FAVORITES ( =TUNE4 -- ,:Y >E Y\ SO RI* & WE >E SO POOR8--,WE HAVE LABOR$1 RESPOND ! RI*2 WE HAVE SAV$1 & WE HAVE ACQUIR$4--,WE LABOR AS MU* AS Y\1 H[ IS IT ?AT WE NEV] ACQUIRE ANY?+8--,WE HAVE 9H]IT$ FROM \R FA!RS4--,AH6 ,Y\ 9VOKE POSSESSION1 TRANSMISSION1 PRESCRIPTION4 ,WELL6 ,WE CALL ON =CE4 ,PROPRIETORS1 DEF5D Y\RSELVES6 

,& !RE WILL BE COMBATS & MASSACRES2 & :5 =CE WILL AGA9 BE E/ABLI%$ AS LAW1 :5 ! REBELS HAVE BE5 DE/ROY$1 !Y WILL WRITE ON !IR TOMBS ,A,S,S,A,S,S,9,S1 :ILE !IR VICTIMS WILL BE GLORIFI$ AS M>TYRS4 

,& ?AT WILL 5DURE UNTIL ,GOD TAKES PITY ON US4 

,BUT :O TODAY WILL D>E TO SPEAK 9 SU* LANGUAGE8 ,LET US SAVE \RSELVES FROM ALL ILLUSIONS4 ,C]TA9 PEOPLE IMAG9E ?AT A GREAT P]SONAGE MU/ SOON APPE> 9 ! MID/ ( HUMANITY1 ONE ( ?OSE PROVID5TIAL BE+S1 AS WE CALL !M1 :O WILL SUMM>IZE ALL IDEAS1 DIS5GAGE TRU? FROM ]ROR1 /RIKE D[N ! OLD PREJUDICES1 PUT ALL OP9IONS ON A NEW LEVEL1 & ) HIS /RONG H& LAUN* ! PRES5T G5]ATION D[N A NEW ROAD--OR A NEW RUT4 ,! N9ETE5? C5TURY WILL NOT PASS1 !Y SAY1 BE=E \R PR$ICTION COMES TO PASS4 ,SOME GO FUR!R3 ! GREAT MAN HAS ALREADY COME2 ,ELIAS HAS WALK$ ! E>?2 BUT ! WORLD HAS NOT UND]/OOD4 ,! ,TURK SAYS3 ,GOD IS ,GOD1 & ,MOHAMM$ IS HIS PROPHET4 ,!SE MOD]N BELIEV]S MAKE A SIMIL> PR(ESSION ( FAI?4 ,BUT ! TIME ( ! GREAT RE=M]S1 LIKE ?AT ( ! F\ND]S ( RELIGIONS1 IS GONE =EV]4 ,IT IS UP TO SOCIETIES TO F5D = !MSELVES4 ,LET !M AWAIT !IR SALVATION ONLY AT !IR [N H&S4 ,M5 NEV] LACK TRU?1 BUT !Y (T5 LACK ! GOOD FAI? & C\RAGE TO RECOGNIZE & FOLL[ IT4 

,AS = MYSELF1 ,I HAVE NOT PLAC$ MY CONFID5CE 9 ANY?+ NEW UND] ! SUN3 ,I HAVE FAI? 9 SOME IDEAS AS OLD AS ! HUMAN RACE4 ,ALL ! ELEM5TS ( ORD] & HAPP9ESS1 PRES]V$ BY IMP]I%ABLE TRADITIONS1 EXI/4 ,IT IS ONLY A QUE/ION ( RECOGNIZ+ ! SYN!SIS1 ! ME?OD ( APPLICATION & DEVELOPM5T4 ,H[ HAS HUMANITY /ILL NOT SUCCE$$ 9 ?IS8 ,IT IS UP TO HI/ORY TO TEA* US4 ,I C\LD SAY SOME?+ ( IT AS WELL AS ANYONE2 BUT1 9 MY OP9ION1 ! PHILOSOPHY ( HI/ORY WILL EXI/ ONLY :5 ! SOCIAL PROBLEM IS RESOLV$4 ,TRU? IS NECESS>Y TO GIVE ! DEF9ITIVE REASON = ]ROR4 ,BUT CAN ?AT TRU? ITSELF BE F\ND O!R ?AN 9 UNITY8 ,IT IS :5 ! MO/ FURI\S ANTAGONISM HAS BE5 SUCCE$$ BY G5]AL EQUILIBRIUM1 :5 ! /RUGGLE ( ALL ! DOCTR9ES HAS GIV5 BIR? TO ! ONE & 9DIVISIBLE SCI5CE1 :5 ! RELIGIONS & PHILOSOPHIES HAVE BE5 JO9$ AT ! ALT> ( TRU?1 ?AT WE WILL BE ABLE TO %\T3 ,! TIMES ( TE/+ >E OV]2 ! GOLD5 AGE IS BE=E US6 ,YES1 HUMANITY WILL KN[ ?AT IT HAS 5T]$ ITS LEGITIMATE PA?1 :51 LOOK+ UPON ITSELF1 IT CAN SAY3 ,ONE SOLE GOD1 ONE SOLE FAI?1 ONE SOLE GOV]NM5T1 ,UNUS ,DEUS1 UNA FIDES1 UNUM IMP]IUM4 

.<#a.> ,9 \R CATE*ISMS1 ! DIVISION ( ,DECALOGUE IS DIFF]5T FROM ?AT :I* IS PRES5T$ H]E4 ,ACCORD+ TO ! ,HEBREWS1 ! FIR/ COMM&M5T TEA*ES ! UNITY ( ,GOD2 ! SECOND =BIDS ! FABRICATION ( IMAGES2 IT IS AN >TIFICIAL1 POLITICAL4 ,!SE TWO COMM&M5TS HAVE BE5 M]G$ 9TO ONLY ONE4 ,! ?IRD =BIDS TAK+ ! NAME ( ,GOD 9 VA92 ?AT PROHIBITION IS AT ONCE POLITICAL & RELIGI\S1 COMPLETELY )9 ! CU/OMS ( ANTIQUITY4 ,WE RECOGNIZE H]E ?AT ,PUNIC FAI?1 TO :I* IMPRECATIONS & OA?S CO/ NO?+2 ,MOSES ORDA9$ ?AT ! OA? BY ,JEHOVAH W\LD BE 9VIOLABLE4 ,?AT PRECEPT IS = US ! SECOND2 IT COMM&S1 IT IS SAID1 TO AVOID F\L WORDS & SWE>+4 ,! F\R? COMM&M5T CONC]NS ! ,SABBA?4 ,! T5? 7= US ! SEV5?71 CONC]N+ COVET\SNESS1 HAS BE5 DIVID$ 9 TWO1 9 ORD] TO PRES]VE ! NUMB] #a4 ,IT IS1 ON ! ONE H&1 ! PROHIBITION AGA9/ DESIR+ ONE'S NEI<BOR'S WIFE2 ON ! O!R1 ! PROHIBITION AGA9/ COVET+ HIS OX OR HIS ASS1 ETC4 ,BUT 9 ,MOSES ?IS DI/9CTION DOES NOT EXI/4 

.<#b.> ,H]E IS ! PORTRAIT ?AT ,J4-,J4 ,R\SSEAU HAS DRAWN ( ! ,ABBOT ( ,SA9T-,PI]RE3 0,A FAM\S AU?OR ( ?IS C5TURY1 :OSE BOOKS >E FULL ( GR& PROJECTS & SMALL VIEWS1 HAD1 LIKE ALL ! PRIE/S ( HIS COMMUNION1 DESIR$ TO HAVE NO WIFE ( HIS [N2 BUT1 F9D+ HIMSELF MORE SCRUPUL\S ?AT ! O!RS ) REG>D TO ADULT]Y1 IT IS SAID ?AT HE OPT$ TO HAVE PRETTY S]VANTS1 ) :I* HE REPAIR$ AS BE/ HE C\LD ! AFFRONT TO HIS SPECIES MADE BY ?AT BOLD COMMITM5T4 ,HE REG>DS IT AS A DUTY ( A CITIZ5 TO GIVE O!RS TO ! HOMEL&1 & ) ! TRIBUTE HE PAID ( ?IS SORT1 HE PEOPL$ ! CLASS ( >TISANS4440 ,IF ! ,ABBOT ( ,SA9T-,PI]RE HAD ! POPULATION SO MU* AT HE>T1 :Y DIDN'T HE GO1 LIKE ANO!R ,V9C5T DE ,PAUL1 TO ! ,HOSPITAL = ,F\NDL+S8 ,=1 ACCORD+ TO ! SAME ,R\SSEAU1 9 ORD] TO HAVE M51 IT IS LESS A QUE/ION ( PROCREAT+ ?AN ( PROVID+ = ?OSE *ILDR5 :O EXI/4 

.<#c.> ,DUR+ ! W> ( ! ,MACCABEES1 A TROOP ( ,JEWS HAV+ BE5 ATTACK$ ON ! ,SABBA? DAY1 !Y ?\<T IT BETT] TO LET !MSELVES BE MASSACR$ ?AN TO DEF5D !MSELVES1 = FE> ( BREAK+ ! LAW4 ,MA?A?IAS !N MADE AN ORD9ANCE ?AT ALL[$ ! PEOPLE TO DEF5D !MSELVES ON ! ,SABBA? IF !Y W]E ATTACK$4 

.<#d.> ,! V]B G&B MEANS LIT]ALLY TO PUT ASIDE1 TO HIDE1 TO RETA91 TO DIV]T4 

.<#e.> ,FETIALS1 ?AT IS D5UNTIATORES1 H]ALDS4 ,?IS WORD COMES FROM ! V]B FAC]E1 TAK5 9 ! S5SE TO SPEAK1 JU/ AS ! ,HEBREW DAB> MEANS AT ONCE TO DO & TO SAY1 SPEE* & ACTION4 

.<#f.> ,SESSION ( ! ,NATIONAL ,CONV5TION = #ah ,FLOREAL1 ,YE> ,I,I1 ,C>NOT PRESID+4 ,REPORT ( ,ROBESPI]RE 9 ! NAME ( ! ,COMMITTEE ( ,PUBLIC ,SAFETY4 

.<#g.> 0.<,A.>LL ! EF=TS ( PHILOSOPH]S HAVE NOT YET BE5 ABLE TO DISCOV] MATT] 9 ! ACT ( ORGANIZATION1 EI!R ( ITSELF OR BY ANY EXTR9SIC CAUSE4 ,9 FACT1 LIFE EX]CIS+ UPON ! ELEM5TS :I* AT EV]Y 9/ANT =M P>T ( ! LIV+ BODY1 & UPON ?OSE :I* IT ATTRACTS TO IT1 AN ACTION CONTR>Y TO ?AT :I* W\LD BE PRODUC$ )\T IT BY ! USUAL *EMICAL AFF9ITIES1 IT IS 9CONSI/5T TO SUPPOSE ?AT IT CAN ITSELF BE PRODUC$ BY !SE AFF9ITIES40 

,G4 ,CUVI]4 

,9TRODUCTION TO ! ,ANIMAL ,K+DOM 

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