,! ,C,N,T DEF5SE COMMITTEES 9 ,B>CELONA #a#i#c#c-#a#i#c#h 
,AN 9T]VIEW ) ,AGU/9 ,GUILLAMON 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,AGU/9 ,GUILLAMON 

,TEXT 3 

,ON ! OCCASION ( ! #g#e? ANNIV]S>Y ( ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION1 \R FRI5D & COLLABORATOR ,AGU/9 ,GUILLAMON WAS 9T]VIEW$ BY ! $ITORS ( ! WEBSITE ALASB>RICADAS4ORG AB\T HIS LATE/ BOOK1 ,LOS ,COMITES DE ,DEF5SA DE LA ,C,N,T 5 ,B>CELONA 7#a#i#c#c-#a#i#c#h74 

,ALASB>RICADAS--,AN OBLIGATORY QUE/ION3 ,:AT W]E ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES8 

,! DEF5SE COMMITTEES W]E ! CL&E/9E MILIT>Y ORGANIZATIONS ( ! ,C,N,T1 F9ANC$ BY ! TRADE UNIONS1 & !IR ACTIVITIES W]E SUBORD9AT$ TO ! LATT]4 

,9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#d1 ! OLD TACTIC ( ACTION GR\PS WAS AB&ON$ 9 FAVOR ( S]I\S & ME?ODICAL REVOLUTION>Y PREP>ATION4 ,! ,C,N,C,D SAID1 0,!RE CAN BE NO REVOLUTION )\T PREP>ATION4 ,WE HAVE TO PUT AN 5D TO ! PREJUDICE 9 FAVOR ( IMPROVIZATION4 ,?IS ]ROR1 9VOLV+ CONFID5CE 9 ! CREATIVE 9/9CT ( ! MASSES1 HAS CAUS$ US TO PAY A HEAVY PRICE4 ,WE CANNOT OBTA9 BY MEANS ( A PROCESS ( SPONTANE\S G5]ATION ! 9DISP5SABLE MEANS NECESS>Y = WAG+ W> ON A ,/ATE ?AT HAS EXP]I5CE1 HEAVY WEAPONRY1 & A GREAT] CAPACITY = (F5SIVE & DEF5SIVE COMBAT04 

,! BASIC DEF5SE GR\P %\LD NOT HAVE TOO MANY MEMB]S1 9 ORD] TO FACILITATE ITS CL&E/9E OP]ATIONS & ITS FLEXIBILITY1 & MU/ HAVE A PR(\ND UND]/&+ ( ! *>ACT]1 KN[L$GE & ABILITIES ( EA* MILITANT4 ,IT %\LD BE COMPOS$ ( SIX MILITANTS1 EA* ( :OM IS RESPONSIBLE = A SPECIFIC FUNCTION3 

,SECRET>Y3 ,CONTACT ) ! O!R CADRES1 =MATION ( NEW GR\PS1 DRAFT+ REPORTS2 

,P]SONAL ,9VE/IGATOR3 ,ASC]TA9 ! DANG] POS$ BY 5EMIES2 

,BUILD+ ,9VE/IGATOR3 ,DRAFT BLUEPR9TS & PROVIDE /ATI/ICAL REPORTS2 

,RESE>*] = DET]M9+ /RATEGIC PO9TS & TACTICS = /REET FI<T+2 

,RESE>*] = ,PUBLIC ,S]VICES2 

,9VE/IGATOR TO DET]M9E :]E TO OBTA9 >MS1 MONEY & SUPPLIES4 

,IT WAS ?\<T ?AT ?IS NUMB] ( SIX MILITANTS WAS ! IDEAL FIGURE = A DEF5SE GR\P OR TEAM1 ) ! PROVISO ?AT1 9 C]TA9 CASES1 ONE MORE MEMB] C\LD BE ADD$ = 0RELIEF0 PURPOSES4 ,ABSOLUTE SECRECY WAS M&ATORY4 ,!SE GR\PS W]E ! BASIC CORE GR\PS ( A REVOLUTION>Y >MY1 CAPABLE ( MOBILIZ+ MORE NUM]\S SECOND>Y GR\PS1 & !SE1 9 TURN1 W]E TO MOBILIZE ! 5TIRE POPULATION4 

,! DEF5SE GR\P WAS ! BASIC CELL ( ?IS CL&E/9E MILIT>Y /RUCTURE ( ! ,C,N,T1 COMPOS$ ( SIX MILITANTS4 ,ITS RESPONSIBILITIES W]E V]Y PRECISELY DEM>CAT$ )9 EA* NEI<BORHOOD4 ,9 EA* NEI<BORHOOD A DI/RICT ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE WAS =M$1 :I* COORD9AT$ ALL !SE DEF5SE CADRES1 & :I* RECEIV$ A MON?LY REPORT FROM ! ,SECRET>Y ( EA* ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE4 ,! ,SECRET>Y-,DELEGATE ( ! DI/RICT DRAFT$ A SUMM>Y REPORT ?AT HE DELIV]$ TO ! ,DI/RICT ,COMMITTEE2 & ! LATT]1 9 TURN1 PASS$ IT ON TO ! ,LOCAL ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE 0& ! LATT] PASS$ IT ON TO ! ,REGIONAL & ,NATIONAL ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES1 RESPECTIVELY04 

,! REPORT ( ! ,C,N,C,D ALSO 9CLUD$ A DETAIL$ PLAN = ! ORGANIZATION ( ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES ON A REGIONAL & NATIONAL SCALE1 :I* ALSO EMBRAC$ ALL ?OSE SECTORS ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 SU* AS RAILROAD WORK]S1 TROLLEY CONDUCTORS1 TELEPHONE & TELEGRAPH OP]ATORS1 PO/AL EMPLOYES &1 9 %ORT1 ALL ?OSE SECTORS ?AT1 DUE TO ! SPECIAL *>ACT] ( !IR TRADES OR ORGANIZATIONS1 W]E NATIONAL 9 SCOPE1 ) SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON ! IMPORTANCE ( COMMUNICATIONS 9 A REVOLUTION>Y 9SURRECTION4 ,A SPECIAL SECTION WAS DEVOT$ TO ! TASK ( 9FILTRATION (1 PROPAG&A AMONG & ! 5ROLLM5T ( SYMPA?IZ]S 9 ! MILIT>Y B>RACKS4 

,! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES HAD TWO ESS5TIAL FUNCTIONS3 

,ACQUISITION1 MA9T5ANCE1 /ORAGE & TRA9+ 9 ! USE ( WEAPONS2 

,LOGI/ICS 9 ! BROADE/ MEAN+ ( ! T]M1 FROM ASSUR+ ! BASIC NE$S ( ! POPULATION & RUNN+ S\P KIT*5S TO ! E/ABLI%M5T & MA9T5ANCE ( HOSPITALS1 S*OOLS1 CULTURAL C5T]S 444 & EV51 DUR+ ! E>LY /AGES ( ! REVOLUTION1 ! RECRUITM5T ( MILITIAS & ! PROVISION+ ( ! COLUMNS LEAV+ = ! FRONT4 

,! FIR/ ,DEF5SE CADRES W]E =M$ %ORTLY AFT] ! PROCLAMATION ( ! ,REPUBLIC1 & C\LD BE CONSID]$ TO BE ! CONT9UATION1 REORGANIZATION & EXT5SION ( ! >M$ ACTION & SELF-DEF5SE GR\PS ( ! YE>S ( PI/OL]ISMO 7#a#i#a#g-#a#i#b#c74 

,A,L,B--,H[ W]E ! ACTION GR\PS TRANS=M$ 9TO DEF5SE CADRES8 

,9 ,JANU>Y #a#i#c#e1 ! AN>*I/ GR\PS1 ,9DOMABLES1 ,N]VIO1 ,NOSOTROS1 ,TI]RA ,LIBRE & ,G]M51 AT A ,PL5UM ( ! ,F$]ATION ( ,AN>*I/ ,GR\PS ( ,B>CELONA1 =M$ ! ,LOCAL ,COMMITTEE = ,REVOLUTION>Y ,PREP>$NESS4 

,! ,PL5UM1 CONFRONT$ BY SOME TRULY DISC\RAG+ HI/ORICAL DEVELOPM5TS--! RISE ( FASCISM 9 ,ITALY1 ,NAZISM 9 ,G]MANY1 ,/AL9ISM 9 ! ,SOVIET ,UNION1 & ! ECONOMIC DEPRESSION ACCOMPANI$ BY MASS LONG-T]M UNEMPLOYM5T 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES & ,EUROPE--DRAFT$ A ,REPORT ?AT OPPOS$ !SE DEVELOPM5TS ) ! HOPE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAT4 ,IT SAID3 0,AMID ! G5]ALIZ$ COLLAPSE ( IDEALS1 P>TIES1 & SY/EMS1 ONLY ! REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAT REMA9S /&+ ) ITS PROGRAM ( ! REORGANIZATION ( ! F\NDATIONS ( LABOR & ECONOMIC & SOCIAL REALITY1 & SOLID>ITY04 

,! ,REPORT CONTA9$ A PR(\ND CRITIQUE ( ! PU]ILE TACTICS ( REVOLUTION>Y GYMNA/ICS & IMPROVIZATION ?AT HAD BE5 AB&ON$ 9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#d4 ,IT SAID3 0,! SOCIAL REVOLUTION CANNOT BE 9T]PRET$ AS A S+LE BOLD ATTACK1 9 ! /YLE ( ! C\P D'ETATS ( ,JACOB9ISM1 BUT WILL 9/EAD BE ! CONSEQU5CE & RESULT ( ! PROCESS ( AN 9EVITABLE CIVIL W> :OSE DURATION CANNOT BE =ESE504 

,REVOLUTION>Y PREP>ATION = A LONG CIVIL W> REQUIR$ ?AT ! COMRADES CONFRONT NEW *ALL5GES ?AT W]E UN?9KABLE 9 ! FRAMEWORK ( ! OLD TACTICS ( ! >M$ GR\PS4 ,! ,REPORT SAID3 0,9 VIEW ( ! FACT ?AT IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO POSSESS 9 ADVANCE ! /OCKPILES ( WEAPONS NECESS>Y = SU/A9$ COMBAT1 ! ,PREP>$NESS ,COMMITTEE MU/ UND]TAKE A /UDY ( H[ TO CONV]T 9DU/RIES 9 C]TA9 /RATEGIC ZONES .<444.> 9TO 9DU/RIES ?AT >E CAPABLE ( PROVID+ W> MAT]IEL = ! REVOLUTION04 ,?IS WAS ! ORIG9 ( ! ,COMMISSION ( ,W> ,9DU/RIES1 =M$ ON ,AUGU/ #g1 #a#i#c#f1 :I* CREAT$ A P[]FUL MILIT>Y 9DU/RY FROM SCRAT* ?ANKS TO ! EF=TS ( ! WORK]S1 COORD9AT$ BY ! ,C,N,T'S ,EUG5IO ,VALLEJO ,ISLA1 A METAL WORK]1 ,MANUEL ,M>TI ,PALL>ES1 ( ! ,*EMICAL ,WORK]S ,UNION1 & ,M>IANO ,M>T9 ,IZQUI]DO2 ! RESPONSIBILITY = ?IS A*IEVEM5T WAS SUBSEQU5TLY CLAIM$ BY B\RGEOIS POLITICIANS 7,JOSEP ,T>RADELLAS71 & :ILE IT IS TRUE ?AT !Y DID CONTRIBUTE TO ITS SUCCESS1 IT WAS 0PRIM>ILY DUE TO ! WORK]S 9 ! FACTORIES1 & TO ! TE*NICIANS1 :OSE RESPONSIBLE DELEGATES W]E GRANT$ MANAG]IAL AU?ORITY BY ! ,C,N,T FROM ! BEG9N+ ( ! W>04 

,FROM ! ACTION GR\PS & GUNM5 :O PRACTIC$ A REVOLUTION>Y GYMNA/ICS PRIOR TO #a#i#c#d1 ! ,C,N,T HAD PASS$ TO ! CREATION ( 9=MATION & COMBAT CADRES ?AT W]E VIEW$ AS ! BASIC CELLS ( A REVOLUTION>Y >MY4 

,A,L,B--,ONE QUE/ION ?AT MANY PEOPLE WILL ASK1 IS IF ! AN>*I/S C\LD HAVE SEIZ$ P[]4 

,DUR+ ! FIR/ SIX MON?S ( #aicf ! GR\P ,NOSOTROS 5GAG$ 9 BITT] DISPUTES ) ! O!R GR\PS ( ! ,F,A,I 9 ,CATALONIA REG>D+ TWO FUNDAM5TAL CONCEPTS1 AT A TIME :5 IT WAS KN[N = C]TA9 ?AT ! MILIT>Y WAS MAK+ PREP>ATIONS = A BLOODY C\P D'ETAT4 ,!SE TWO CONCEPTS W]E ! 0SEIZURE ( P[]0 & ! 0REVOLUTION>Y >MY04 ,! PRAGMATISM ( ! ,NOSOTROS GR\P1 :I* WAS MORE CONC]N$ ) 9SURRECTIONAL TE*NIQUES ?AN ) TABOOS1 CLA%$ HEAD-ON ) ! IDEOLOGICAL PREJUDICES ( ! O!R GR\PS 9 ! ,F,A,I1 ?AT IS1 ) ! REJECTION ( :AT ! LATT] REF]R$ TO AS 0AN>*I/ DICTATOR%IP01 & ) !IR DEEPLY +RA9$ ANTI-MILIT>ISM1 :I* LEFT EV]Y?+ TO ! CREATIVE SPONTANEITY ( ! WORK]S4 

,?IS H>% ATTACK AGA9/ ! 0AN>*O-,BOL%EVIK PRACTICES0 ( ! ,NOSOTROS GR\P WAS COMPREH5SIVELY SET =? 9 ! J\RNAL ,MAS ,LEJOS1 $IT$ BY ,EUSEBIO ,C4 ,C>BO1 :OSE CONTRIBUTORS 9CLUD$ ,JAIME ,BALIUS & ,M>IANO ,V9UALES4 ,MAS ,LEJOS PUBLI%$ ! RESPONSES TO A SURVEY ?AT IT HAD FEATUR$ 9 ITS FIR/ ISSUE ( ,APRIL #a#i#c#f1 :I* CONSI/$ ( TWO QUE/IONS AB\T ELECTORAL AB/5TION1 & A ?IRD QUE/ION AB\T ! SEIZURE ( P[]1 :I* WAS FRAM$ 9 ! FOLL[+ MANN]3 0,CAN AN>*I/S1 UND] ANY CIRCUM/ANCES1 & ,O,V,],C,O,M,+ ,A,L,L ,S,C,R,U,P,L,E,S1 ACCEPT ! SEIZURE ( P[]1 9 ANY =M1 AS A MEANS ( ACCEL]AT+ ! PACE ( !IR PROGRESS T[>DS ! REALIZATION ( ,AN>*Y80 

,ALMO/ ALL ?OSE :O P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! SURVEY RESPOND$ TO ?IS QUE/ION 9 ! NEGATIVE4 ,BUT NONE ( ! RESPONSES (F]$ A PRACTICAL ALT]NATIVE TO ACCOMPANY ?IS G5]AL REJECTION ( ! SEIZURE ( P[]4 ,AN>*I/ !ORY & PRACTICE SEEM$ TO BE DIVORC$ FROM ONE ANO!R1 ON ! V]Y EVE ( ! MILIT>Y C\P D'ETAT4 

,AT ! ,PL5UM ( ! ,B>CELONA ,AN>*I/ ,GR\PS1 :I* MET 9 ,JUNE #a#i#c#f1 ,G>CIA ,OLIV] PROPOS$ ?AT ! ORGANIZATION ( DEF5SE CADRES1 COORD9AT$ 9 NEI<BORHOOD DEF5SE COMMITTEES 9 ! CITY ( ,B>CELONA1 WAS ! MODEL ?AT %\LD BE FOLL[$1 & ?AT !Y %\LD BE EXT5D$ TO COV] ALL ( ,SPA91 & ?AT ?IS /RUCTURE %\LD BE COORD9AT$ ON A NATIONAL & REGIONAL LEVEL1 9 ORD] TO =M A REVOLUTION>Y >MY ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,?IS >MY %\LD BE COMPLEM5T$ ) ! CREATION ( GU]RILLA UNITS ( ONE HUNDR$ M5 EA*4 ,MANY MILITANTS OPPOS$ ,G>CIA ,OLIV]'S PROPOSALS1 & PUT !IR TRU/ 9/EAD 9 ! SPONTANEITY ( ! WORK]S RA!R ?AN 9 A DISCIPL9$ REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZATION4 ,! ANTI-MILIT>I/ CONVICTIONS ( MANY AFF9ITY GR\PS L$ TO AN ALMO/ UNANIM\S REJECTION ( ! !SES ( ! ,NOSOTROS GR\P1 & ESPECIALLY ! !SES DEF5D$ BY ,G>CIA ,OLIV]4 

,A,L,B--,H[ W]E !SE ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES TRANS=M$ 9TO ,POPUL> ,MILITIAS & REVOLUTION>Y NEI<BORHOOD COMMITTEES8 

,ON ,JULY #a#f1 ! >MY REVOLT BEGAN 9 ,MELILLA4 ,BY ! #a#h?1 ! MILIT>Y REVOLT HAD SPREAD TO ALL ( ,MOROCCO1 ! ,CAN>Y ,ISL&S & ,SEVILLE4 

,! MILIT>Y G>RISON ( ,B>CELONA HAD AB\T SIX ?\S& M51 AS OPPOS$ TO ALMO/ TWO ?\S& 9 ! ,ASSAULT ,GU>DS & ! TWO HUNDR$ MEMB]S ( ! ,CATALAN ,AUTONOM\S ,POLICE4 ,! ,CIVIL ,GU>DS1 CONC]N+ :OM NO ONE WAS SURE JU/ :I* SIDE !Y W\LD JO91 HAD AB\T ?REE ?\S& M54 ,! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I HAD AB\T TW5TY ?\S& MILITANTS1 ORGANIZ$ 9 ,DI/RICT ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES1 :O W]E READY TO TAKE UP >MS4 ,IT AGRE$1 9 ! LIAISON COMMITTEE =M$ BY ! ,C,N,T ) ! ,G5]ALITAT & ! LOYAL MILIT>Y (FIC]S1 TO CONFRONT ! C\P ) ONLY ONE ?\S& >M$ MILITANTS4 

,ON ,JULY #ai & #b ( #a#i#c#f1 9 ! MID/ ( ! FI<T+ 9 ! /REETS ( ,B>CELONA1 :5 ! REBEL MILIT>Y (FIC]S W]E DEFEAT$1 ! MEMB]S ( ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES BEGAN TO REF] TO !MSELVES1 & W]E REF]R$ TO BY O!RS1 AS 0! MILITIAM504 ,)\T ANY TRANSITIONAL P]IOD :ATSOEV]1 ! DEF5SE CADRES BECAME ,POPUL> ,MILITIAS4 ,! ORIG9AL /RUCTURE ( ! DEF5SE CADRES HAD =ESE5 !IR EXT5SION & GR[?1 BY WAY ( ! 9CORPORATION ( SECOND>Y CADRES4 ,ALL ?AT HAD TO BE DONE WAS TO F9D A PLACE )9 !M = ! ?\S&S ( WORK]-VOLUNTE]S1 :O W]E JO9+ ! FI<T AGA9/ FASCISM1 & TO S5D !M TO ,>AGON4 ,! CONF$]AL MILITIAS W]E TRANS=M$ 9TO ! VANGU>D ( ALL ! >M$ UNITS ?AT W]E S5T TO FI<T ! FASCI/ 5EMY4 ,!Y COMPRIS$ ! >M$ ORGANIZATION ( ! REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAT4 ,!Y W]E IMITAT$ BY ! O!R COLUMNS1 9CLUD+ ?OSE ( B\RGEOIS ORIG94 ,DUE TO ! ABS5CE ( A S+LE PROLET>IAN >MY1 ! V>I\S P>TIES & ORGANIZATIONS CREAT$ !IR [N P>TY & TRADE UNION MILITIAS1 )\T ANY C5TRAL COMM& & ) ONLY ! MO/ T5U\S COORD9ATION4 

,!SE DEF5SE CADRES UND]W5T A DUAL ,T,R,A,N,S,=,M,A,T,I,O,N4 ,ON ! ONE H&1 !Y W]E TRANS=M$ 9TO ! ,POPUL> ,MILITIAS1 :I* FROM ! V]Y FIR/ DAYS ( ! W> DEF9$ ! ,>AGON FRONT1 & 9AUGURAT$ ! COLLECTIVIZATION ( ! L& 9 ! LIB]AT$ ,>AGONESE VILLAGES2 ON ! O!R H&1 !Y W]E TRANS=M$ 9TO ! REVOLUTION>Y COMMITTEES ?AT1 9 EV]Y NEI<BORHOOD 9 ,B>CELONA1 & 9 EV]Y T[N 9 ,CATALONIA1 IMPOS$ A 0NEW REVOLUTION>Y ORD]04 ,!IR COMMON ORIG9 9 ! DEF5SE CADRES CAUS$ ! CONF$]AL MILITIAS & ! REVOLUTION>Y COMMITTEES TO MA9TA9 V]Y CLOSE RELATIONS ) ONE ANO!R4 

,! REVOLUTION>Y COMMITTEES P]=M$1 9 EV]Y NEI<BORHOOD OR LOCALITY1 ESPECIALLY 9 ! N9E WEEKS AFT] ,JULY #a#i1 ! FOLL[+ FUNCTIONS3 

,!Y CONFISCAT$ BUILD+S = COMMITTEE (FICES1 /ORAGE ( SUPPLIES1 CULTURAL C5T]S & RATIONALI/ S*OOLS4 ,!Y SEIZ$ & ADM9I/]$ HOSPITALS & NEWSPAP]S2 

,!Y CONDUCT$ SE>*ES ( PRIVATE HOMES TO REQUISITION WEAPONS1 FOOD1 MONEY & OBJECTS ( VALUE2 

,9SPECTION ( SUSPICI\S BUILD+S BY >M$ SQUADS1 9 ORD] TO >RE/ 0COPS01 SNIP]S1 PRIE/S1 REACTION>IES & FIF? COLUMNI/S4 7,RECALL ?AT ! MOPP+-UP OP]ATIONS CONDUCT$ AGA9/ SNIP]S LA/$ AN 5TIRE WEEK 9 ! CITY ( ,B>CELONA72 

,!Y SET UP RECRUIT+ C5T]S 9 EV]Y NEI<BORHOOD = ! ,MILITIAS1 :I* !Y >M$1 F9ANC$1 SUPPLI$ & PAID 7UNTIL MID-,SEPTEMB]7 ) !IR [N MEANS1 & EV5 AFT] ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 EA* NEI<BORHOOD MA9TA9$ AN 9TIMATE & CONT9U\S RELATION ) ITS MILITIAM5 ON ! FRONT1 & WELCOM$ !M :5 !Y CAME HOME ON LEAVE2 

,!Y /OR$ >MS 9 ! HEADQU>T]S ( ! DEF5SE COMMITTEE1 :I* ALSO PLAY$ ! ROLE ( A LOCAL /ORE OR W>EH\SE1 9 :I* ! PROVISIONS COMMITTEE ( ! DI/RICT WAS ALSO H\S$1 :I* SUPPLI$ ! NEI<BORHOOD ) FOOD ?AT WAS REQUISITION$ 9 ! RURAL >EAS BY MEANS ( >M$ CO]CION1 EX*ANGE1 OR PUR*ASE ) V\*]S2 

,IMPOSITION & COLLECTION ( ! REVOLUTION>Y TAX 9 EV]Y NEI<BORHOOD OR LOCALITY4 

,! REVOLUTION>Y COMMITTEES P]=M$ AN IMPORTANT & QUITE MULTIF>I\S ADM9I/RATIVE ROLE1 :I* EXT5D$ FROM ! ISSUANCE ( V\*]S1 FOOD C\PONS1 & TRAVEL PASSES1 M>RIAGE C]EMONIES1 SUPPLY & ADM9I/RATION ( HOSPITALS1 TO ! CONFISCATION ( FOOD1 FURNITURE & BUILD+S1 F9ANC+ RATIONALI/ S*OOLS & CULTURAL C5T]S MANAG$ BY ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\?1 PAY+ ! MILITIAM5 OR !IR FAMILIES1 ETC4 

,! ,DI/RICT ,REVOLUTION>Y ,COMMITTEES W]E COORD9AT$ FROM ! HEADQU>T]S ( ! ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE1 TO :I* ! SECRET>IES ( EV]Y NEI<BORHOOD DEF5SE COMMITTEE REPORT$4 ,!RE WAS ALSO A P]MAN5T ,CONF$]AL ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE1 LOCAT$ 9 ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I HEADQU>T]S4 

,= MATT]S RELAT$ TO ! CONFISCATION ( L>GE QUANTITIES ( MONEY & V]Y VALUABLE OBJECTS1 & ALL ?OSE O!R TASKS 9VOLV+ >RE/S1 9=MATION OR 9VE/IGATION ?AT1 DUE TO !IR IMPORTANCE1 SURPASS$ ! JURISDICTION OR ABILITIES ( ! NEI<BORHOOD REVOLUTION>Y COMMITTEES1 ! LATT] SUBMITT$ ! MATT]S 9 QUE/ION TO ! ,9VE/IGATION ,S]VICE ( ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I1 UND] ! DIRECTION ( ,ESCORZA AT ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I HEADQU>T]S4 

,A,L,B--,WAS !RE A P[] VACUUM8 ,W]E ! NEI<BORHOOD COMMITTEES =M$ FROM ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES8 ,& :AT AB\T ! PROVISIONS COMMITTEES8 

,! REAL P[] ( DECISION & EXECUTION WAS 9 ! /REETS2 IT WAS ! P[] ( ! >M$ PROLET>IAT1 & ! LOCAL COMMITTEES ( DEF5SE & ( WORK]S CONTROL EX]CIS$ ?IS P[]1 SPONTANE\SLY EXPROPRIAT+ FACTORIES1 WORK%OPS1 BUILD+S & PROP]TY2 ORGANIZ+1 >M+ & TRANSPORT+ TO ! FRONT ! GR\PS ( VOLUNTE] MILITIAM5 ?AT !Y HAD PREVI\SLY RECRUIT$2 BURN+ *UR*ES OR CONV]T+ !M 9TO S*OOLS OR W>EH\SES2 =M+ PATROLS TO EXT5D ! SOCIAL W>2 MANN+ ! B>RICADES1 :I* W]E N[ CLASS FRONTI]S1 ?AT CONTROLL$ TRAFFIC & MANIFE/$ ! P[] ( ! COMMITTEES2 RUNN+ ! FACTORIES1 )\T [N]S OR MANAG]S1 OR CONV]T+ !M = MILIT>Y PRODUCTION2 REQUISITION+ C>S & TRUCKS1 OR FOOD = ! PROVISIONS COMMITTEE2 TAK+ B\RGEOISIE1 FASCI/S & PRIE/S 0= A RIDE02 REPLAC+ ! SUP]ANNUAT$ REPUBLICAN MUNICIPAL AU?ORITIES1 IMPOS+ 9 EV]Y LOCALITY !IR ABSOLUTE AU?ORITY 9 ALL DOMA9S1 )\T WAIT+ = ORD]S FROM ! ,G5]ALITAT1 OR FROM ! ,C5TRAL ,COMMITTEE ( ,ANTIFASCI/ ,MILITIAS 7! ,C,C,M,A74 ,! REVOLUTION>Y SITUATION WAS *>ACT]IZ$ BY AN ATOMIZATION ( P[]4 

,ON ! NI<T ( ! #a#i? ! ONLY REAL P[] WAS 0! F$]ATION ( ! B>RICADES01 & ! ONLY IMM$IATE OBJECTIVE WAS ! DEFEAT ( ! REBELS4 ,! >MY & ! POLICE1 :I* HAD EI!R BE5 DISSOLV$ OR CONF9$ TO !IR B>RACKS1 DISAPPE>$ FROM ! /REETS AFT] ,JULY #b4 ,!Y HAD BE5 REPLAC$ BY ,POPUL> ,MILITIAS COMPOS$ ( >M$ WORK]S1 :O FRAT]NIZ$ ) DIS*>G$ SOLDI]S & ,CIVIL ,GU>DS :O HAD DISPOS$ ( !IR UNI=MS1 9 ONE VICTORI\S MASS ( PEOPLE1 :I* TRANS=M$ !M 9TO ! VANGU>D ( ! REVOLUTION>Y 9SURRECTION4 

,9 ,B>CELONA1 ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES1 N[ TRANS=M$ 9TO REVOLUTION>Y NEI<BORHOOD COMMITTEES1 9 ! ABS5CE ( ANY DIRECTIVES FROM ANY ORGANIZATION & )\T ANY O!R COORD9ATION ?AN ! REVOLUTION>Y 9ITIATIVES REQUIR$ BY EV]YDAY NE$S1 ORGANIZ$ ! HOSPITALS1 OV]FL[+ ) AN AVALAN*E ( W\ND$1 SET UP S\P KIT*5S1 REQUISITION$ C>S1 TRUCKS1 WEAPONS1 FACTORIES & BUILD+S1 SE>*$ PRIVATE HOMES1 >RE/$ SUSPICI\S P]SONS & CREAT$ A NETWORK ( PROVISION+ COMMITTEES 9 EV]Y NEI<BORHOOD1 :I* W]E COORD9AT$ 9 A ,C5TRAL ,PROVISION+ ,COMMITTEE 9 ! CITY1 9 :I* ! ,FOOD ,WORK]S ,TRADE ,UNION PLAY$ AN IMPORTANT ROLE4 ,! REVOLUTION>Y CONTAGION AFFECT$ ALL SOCIAL SECTORS & ALL ORGANIZATIONS1 :I* S9C]ELY *OSE TO L5D !IR SUPPORT TO ! NEW REVOLUTION>Y SITUATION4 ,?IS WAS ! ONLY REAL P[] ( ! ,C,C,M,A1 :I* APPE>$ TO ! PEOPLE 9 >MS AS ! ANTIFASCI/ 9/ITUTION ?AT MU/ FI<T ! W> & IMPOSE ! NEW REVOLUTION>Y ORD]4 

,ON ,JULY #b#a1 A ,LOCAL & ,REGIONAL ,PL5UM R5\NC$ ! SEIZURE ( P[]1 UND]/OOD AS ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! AN>*I/ LEAD]S1 RA!R ?AN AS ! IMPOSITION1 COORD9ATION & EXT5SION ( ! P[] ?AT ! REVOLUTION>Y COMMITTEES W]E ALREADY EX]CIS+ 9 ! /REETS4 ,ON ! #b#cRD A FULL ,PL5UM1 HELD 9 SECRET1 ( ! SUP]IOR COMMITTEES ( ! ,C,N,T & ! ,F,I,A CLOS$ RANKS ) REG>D TO !IR DECISION TO COLLABORATE 9 ! ,C,C,M,A1 & TO PREP>E = ! ,PL5UM ON ! #b#f? TO OV]COME ! RESI/ANCE ( ! MILITANTS4 

,ON ! #b#d? ! FIR/ TWO AN>*I/ COLUMNS HAD DEP>T$ = ! FRONT1 UND] ! COMM& ( ,DURRUTI & ,ORTIZ4 ,DURRUTI DELIV]$ A SPEE* OV] ! RADIO 9 :I* HE W>N$ ( ! NE$ TO REMA9 VIGILANT 9 ! FACE ( A POSSIBLE C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y PUTS*4 ,! REVOLUTION>Y SITUATION 9 ,B>CELONA MU/ BE CONSOLIDAT$1 9 ORD] 0TO GO = EV]Y?+0 AFT] TAK+ ,Z>AGOZA4 

,ON ,JULY #be ,COMPANYS W5T TO ! ,NAVAL ,ACADEMY & ACCUS$ ! MEMB]S ( ! ,C,C,M,A ( HAV+ BE5 9EFFICI5T ) REG>D TO MA9TA9+ PUBLIC ORD]1 & WAS GREET$ ) 9DIFF]5CE BY ,G>CIA ,OLIV] :O M5AC+LY DISMISS$ HIM4 

,ON ! MORN+ ( ,JULY #b#f1 ! ,REGIONAL ,PL5UM RATIFI$ ! DEF9ITIVE COLLABORATION ( ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I 9 ! ,C,C,M,A1 AS CONS5T$ TO BY ! SUP]IOR COMMITTEES ( ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I 9 !IR DEBATE ON ! #b#cRD & AT ! PREVI\S ,REGIONAL ,PL5UM HELD ON ! #b#a/4 

,! ,PL5UM ( ! #b#f? UNANIM\SLY CONFIRM$ ?AT ! ,C,N,T W\LD OBS]VE ! DECISION1 APPROV$ ON ! #b#a/1 TO P>TICIPATE 9 ?IS NEW 9/ITUTION ( CLASS COLLABORATION CALL$ ! ,C,C,M,A4 ,AT ! SAME ,PL5UM1 ON ! #b#f?1 A ,PROVISIONS ,COMMITTEE WAS CREAT$1 DEP5D5T ON ! ,C,C,M,A1 TO :I* ALL ! V>I\S PROVISIONS COMMITTEES ?AT HAD >IS5 AT DIFF]5T LOCATIONS W\LD BE SUBJECT1 & AT ! SAME TIME ORD]$ A P>TIAL CESSATION ( ! G5]AL /RIKE4 ,! SUMM>Y /ATEM5T ( ! PR9CIPLE AGREEM5TS REA*$ AT ?IS ,PL5UM WAS DRAFT$ 9 ! =M ( A ,PUBLIC ,PROCLAMATION1 SO ?AT IT %\LD BE DISSEM9AT$ & ACCEPT$ BY ! POPULATION4 

,! ,C,C = ,PROVISIONS WAS A FUNDAM5TAL 9/ITUTION1 :I* 5SUR$ AN 9DISP5SABLE REQUIREM5T = ?OSE WORK]-VOLUNTE]S :O HAD AB&ON$ !IR ORD9>Y JOBS 9 ORD] TO GO TO FI<T AGA9/ FASCISM 9 ,>AGON3 SO AS TO ASSURE1 9 !IR ABS5CE1 ! FE$+ ( !IR FAMILIES :O W\LD NO LONG] BE ABLE TO RELY ON A WEEKLY PAY*ECK4 

,A,L,B--,:AT W]E ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS8 

,ON ,AUGU/ #a#a1 #a#i#c#f1 ! CONTROL PATROLS W]E CREAT$ AS A REVOLUTION>Y POLICE =CE DEP5D5T ON ! ,C5TRAL ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,ANTIFASCI/ ,MILITIAS 7,C,C,M,A74 

,ONLY AB\T HALF ( ! MEMB]S ( ! PATROLS W]E MEMB]S ( ! ,C,N,T OR ! ,F,A,I2 ! O!RS W]E MEMB]S ( ! O!R ORGANIZATIONS ?AT W]E P>T ( ! ,C,C,M,A3 ! ,P,\,M1 ! ,],C 7,ESQU]RA ,REPUBLICANA DE ,CATALUNA71 & ! ,P,S,U,C1 = ! MO/ P>T4 ,ONLY F\R ( ! ELEV5 DI/RICT DELEGATES W]E ,C,N,T MEMB]S3 ?OSE REPRES5T+ ,PUEBLO ,NUEVO1 ,SANTS1 ,SAN ,&RES 7,>MONIA7 & ,CLOT2 F\R W]E FROM ! ,],C1 ?REE FROM ! ,P,S,U,C & NONE FROM ! ,P,\,M4 

,! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS W]E UND] ! CONTROL ( ! ,9VE/IGATION ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,C,C,M,A1 PRESID$ OV] BY ,AURELIO ,F]N&EZ 7,F,A,I7 & ,SALVADOR ,GONZALEZ 7,P,S,U,C71 :O REPLAC$ ,VIDIELLA4 ,ITS C5TRAL HEADQU>T]S WAS E/ABLI%$ AT #fag ,GRAN ,VIA1 UND] ! DIRECTION ( TWO DELEGATES ( ! ,PATROLS1 I4E41 ,JOSE ,AS5S 7,F,A,I7 & ,TOMAS ,FABREGAS 7,ACCIO ,CATALANA74 ,!IR PAY1 T5 PESETAS P] DAY1 WAS PROVID$ BY ! GOV]NM5T ( ! ,G5]ALITAT4 ,AL?\< ALL ! DI/RICT PATROLS C>RI$ \T >RE/S1 & SOME ( ! DETA9$ W]E 9T]ROGAT$ AT ! OLD ,CASA ,CAMBO1 ! C5TRAL PRISON WAS LOCAT$ AT ! =M] CONV5T ( ! ORD] ( ,/4 ,CL>E 9 ,SAN ,ELIAS4 

,A,L,B--,:AT W]E ! OV]ALL A*IEVEM5TS ( ! ,C5TRAL ,COMMITTEE ( ,ANTIFASCI/ ,MILITIAS8 

,ON ,SEPTEMB] #bf A GOV]NM5T ( ! ,G5]ALITAT WAS =M$ ) ! P>TICIPATION ( AN>*I/ M9I/]S4 ,ON ,OCTOB] #a ! DISSOLUTION ( ! ,C,C,M,A WAS (FICIALLY PROCLAIM$4 

,! DECREE ( ,OCTOB] #i1 SUPPLEM5T$ BY ! ONE PUBLI%$ ON ,OCTOB] #a#b1 DECL>$ ! DISSOLUTION ( ALL ! LOCAL COMMITTEES ?AT W]E =M$ ON ,JULY #a#i1 & ?AT !Y W\LD BE REPLAC$ BY ! NEW LOCAL GOV]NM5T 9/ITUTIONS4 ,DESPITE ! RESI/ANCE (F]$ BY MANY LOCAL COMMITTEES TO ?IS ORD]1 & DESPITE ! DELAY ( SEV]AL MON?S ?AT PREC$$ ! COMPLETE E/ABLI%M5T ( ! NEW LOCAL GOV]NM5T 9/ITUTIONS1 ?IS WAS A DEA?BL[ FROM :I* !Y NEV] RECOV]$4 ,! RESI/ANCE ( ! ,C,N,T MILITANTS1 :O DISREG>D$ ! DIRECTIVES ( !IR SUP]IOR COMMITTEES & ! ORD] ( ! ,G5]ALITAT1 POS$ A ?REAT TO ! ANTIFASCI/ PACT4 ,! AN>*OSYNDICALI/ LEAD]S W]E CAU<T BETWE5 !IR MILITANTS1 :O W]E RELUCTANT TO OBEY !M1 & ! ACCUSATION DIRECT$ AT !M BY ! O!R ANTIFASCI/ =CES1 :O SAID IT WAS NECESS>Y TO OBEY & TO 5=CE COMPLIANCE ) ! DECREES ( ! GOV]NM5T1 & TO MAKE ! 09CONTROLADOS0 SEE ! LI<T4 

,?IS WAS ! REAL F9AL BALANCE %EET ( ! A*IEVEM5TS ( ! ,C,C,M,A AFT] ITS N9E WEEKS ( EXI/5CE3 ! TRANSITION FROM REVOLUTION>Y LOCAL COMMITTEES1 :I* EX]CIS$ TOTAL P[] 9 ! /REETS & ! FACTORIES1 TO !IR DISSOLUTION TO ! EXCLUSIVE B5EFIT ( ! FULL REE/ABLI%M5T ( ! P[] ( ! ,G5]ALITAT4 ,FUR!RMORE1 ! DECREES SIGN$ ON ,OCTOB] #bd ON ! MILIT>IZATION ( ! ,MILITIAS AS ( ,NOVEMB] #a & ! PROMULGATION ( ! ,COLLECTIVIZATION DECREE COMPLET$ ! DISA/R\S BALANCE %EET ( ! ,C,C,M,A1 ?AT IS1 ! TRANSITION FROM VOLUNTE] REVOLUTION>Y WORK]S ,MILITIAS TO A B\RGEOIS >MY ( ! CLASSICAL TYPE1 SUBJECT TO ! MON>*I/ CODE ( MILIT>Y JU/ICE1 UND] ! COMM& ( ! ,G5]ALITAT2 ! TRANSITION FROM ! EXPROPRIATIONS & WORK]S CONTROL ( ! FACTORIES TO A C5TRALIZ$ ECONOMY1 CONTROLL$ & ADM9I/]$ BY ! ,G5]ALITAT4 

,! DELAY 9 IMPLEM5T+ ! DECREES1 AS A RESULT ( ! L[-PR(ILE YET /ILL 9TRANSIG5T RESI/ANCE ( ! CONF$]AL MILITANTS1 :O W]E /ILL >M$1 CAUS$ ! GOV]NM5T ( ! ,G5]ALITAT TO EMPHASIZE AS ITS PRIM>Y OBJECTIVE ! DIS>M+ ( ! RE>GU>D1 & IT UNLEA%$ A PROPAG&A CAMPAIGN AGA9/ ! SO-CALL$ 09CONTROLADOS01 :I* DOVETAIL$ ) ! SECOND OBJECTIVE CONTA9$ 9 ! CON/ANTLY-REPEAT$ SLOGAN3 0>MS TO ! FRONT04 

,! P[]FUL RESI/ANCE ( ! AN>*OSYNDICALI/ RANK & FILE TO ! MILIT>IZATION ( ! MILITIAS1 ! ,G5]ALITAT'S CONTROL OV] ! ECONOMY & ! COLLECTIVIZ$ 5T]PRISES1 ! DIS>MAM5T ( ! RE>GU>D & ! DISSOLUTION ( ! LOCAL COMMITTEES1 RESULT$ 9 A DELAY ( SEV]AL MON?S 9 ! COMPLETE FULFILLM5T ( ! DECREES ( ! GOV]NM5T ( ! ,G5]ALITAT ) REG>D TO !SE ISSUES4 ,?IS RESI/ANCE W\LD CULM9ATE1 9 ! SPR+ ( #a#i#c#g1 9 MAJOR UNRE/1 :I* WAS EXAC]BAT$ BY DISCONT5T ) ! PROGRESS ( ! W>1 9FLATION1 & ! %ORTAGE ( PRIM>Y NECESSITIES1 :I* !N CRY/ALLIZ$ 9 A G5]AL CRITIQUE ON ! P>T ( ! ,C,N,T RANK & FILE MILITANTS ( ! P>TICIPATION ( ! SUP]IOR COMMITTEES ( ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I 9 ! GOV]NM5T1 & ! ANTIFASCI/ & COLLABORATIONI/ POLICIES ( !IR LEAD]S1 :OM !Y ACCUS$ ( =FEIT+ 0! REVOLUTION>Y CONQUE/S ( ,JULY #a#i04 

,9 ,OCTOB] ( #aicf ! DECREE CONC]N+ ! MILIT>IZATION ( ! ,POPUL> ,MILITIAS PRODUC$ A GREAT DEAL ( UNRE/ AMONG ! AN>*I/ MILITIAM5 ( ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN1 ON ! ,>AGON ,FRONT4 ,AFT] LONG & ACRIMONI\S DEBATES1 9 ,M>* #a#i#c#g1 SEV]AL HUNDR$ VOLUNTE] MILITIAM51 PO/$ 9 ! ,GELSA SECTOR1 DECID$ TO AB&ON ! FRONT & RETURN TO ! RE>GU>D4 ,AN AGREEM5T WAS REA*$ :I* /IPULAT$ ?AT ! REPLACEM5TS = ! MILITIAM5 :O W]E OPPOS$ TO MILIT>IZATION W\LD >RIVE OV] A P]IOD ( FIFTE5 DAYS4 ,!Y AB&ON$ ! FRONT1 BR++ !IR GUNS ) !M4 

,HAV+ >RIV$ 9 ,B>CELONA1 TOGE!R ) O!R AN>*I/S 7DEF5D]S ( ! CONT9UATION & 9T5SIFICATION ( ! ,JULY REVOLUTION1 & OPPON5TS ( ! ,C,N,T'S COLLABORATION ) ! GOV]NM5T71 ! MILITIAM5 FROM ,GELSA DECID$ TO =M AN AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION ?AT WAS DI/9CT FROM ! ,F,A,I1 ! ,C,N,T & ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\?1 :OSE MISSION W\LD BE TO BR+ ! LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T BACK TO ! REVOLUTION>Y PA?4 ,?US1 A NEW GR\P WAS =MALLY CON/ITUT$ 9 ,M>* #a#i#c#g1 AFT] A LONG P]IOD ( PREP>ATION ?AT LA/$ SEV]AL MON?S1 BEG9N+ 9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#f4 ,ITS EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE DECID$ TO ASSUME ! NAME1 0,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI01 :I* WAS L>GELY DUE TO ! FACT ?AT MANY ( ITS MEMB]S W]E =M] MILITIAM5 ( ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN1 & AS ,BALIUS CORRECTLY PO9T$ \T1 IT WAS BY NO MEANS A REF]5CE TO ,DURRUTI'S POLITICAL POSITIONS1 BUT RA!R TO ! POPUL> MY? ?AT HAD GR[N UP >\ND HIM4 

,?IS REVOLUTION>Y OPPOSITION TO ! MILIT>IZATION ( ! ,POPUL> ,MILITIAS WAS ALSO MANIFE/$1 TO ONE DEGREE OR ANO!R1 9 ALL ! CONF$]AL COLUMNS1 BUT WAS MO/ PRON\NC$ 9 ! ,IRON ,COLUMN1 :I* DECID$ ON V>I\S OCCASIONS TO 0DESC5D ON ,VAL5CIA0 9 ORD] TO DRIVE ! REVOLUTION =W>D & CONFRONT ! C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y ELEM5TS 9 ! RE>GU>D4 

,9 ,FEBRU>Y #aicg AN ASSEMBLY ( CONF$]AL COLUMNS WAS HELD ?AT ADDRESS$ ! QUE/ION ( MILIT>IZATION4 ,! ?REATS TO )HOLD >MS1 FOOD1 & RE9=CEM5TS FROM ! COLUMNS ?AT DID NOT COMPLY ) ! MILIT>IZATION DECREE1 TOGE!R ) ! C]TA9TY ?AT ! MILITIAM5 W\LD BE 9TEGRAT$ 9TO O!R UNITS ?AT W]E ALREADY MILIT>IZ$1 W]E V]Y EFFECTIVE4 ,= MANY ( ! DELEGATES1 IT SEEM$ ?AT IT W\LD BE BETT] TO ACCEPT MILIT>IZATION1 & TO FLEXIBLY ADAPT TO IT 9 EA* COLUMN4 ,F9ALLY1 ! IDEOLOGY ( ANTIFASCI/ UNITY & ,C,N,T-,F,A,I COLLABORATION 9 GOV]NM5T ADM9I/RATION1 9 DEF5SE ( ! REPUBLICAN ,/ATE1 WON \T OV] ! RESI/ANCE TO MILIT>IZATION1 :I* WAS F9ALLY ACCEPT$ EV5 BY ! RECALCITRANT ,IRON ,COLUMN4 

,A,L,B--,DID ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES CLA% ) ! SUP]IOR COMMITTEES8 

,DUR+ LATE ,NOVEMB] & E>LY ,DECEMB] #a#i#c#f1 ! ,C,N,T DEBAT$ ! ROLE ?AT %\LD BE PLAY$ BY ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES 9 ,B>CELONA4 

,! DEBATES W]E FRAM$ )9 A /RICTLY TRADE UNION-BAS$ P]SPECTIVE1 :I* WAS NOT AT ALL SYMPA!TIC ) REG>D TO ! IMPORTANT ROLE P]=M$ BY ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES & ! PROVISION+ COMMITTEES AT ! NEI<BORHOOD LEVEL4 ,IT WAS HELD ?AT !IR FUNCTIONS1 ONCE ! /AGE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y 9SURRECTION HAD COME TO AN 5D & ! NEXT /AGE HAD BEGUN1 W]E ( AN EXCEPTIONAL & PROVISIONAL *>ACT] & ?AT 9 ANY EV5T !Y MU/ BE ASSUM$ N[ BY ! TRADE UNIONS4 

,9 ,NOVEMB]_/,DECEMB] #a#i#c#f1 ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES W]E A ?ORN 9 ! SIDE ( ! GOV]NM5TALI/ POLICIES ( ! ,C,N,T SUP]IOR COMMITTEES2 !RE=E1 ! LATT] PROCLAIM$ ?AT ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES MU/ ACCEPT A SUBORD9ATE ROLE & SUBMIT TO ! AU?ORITY ( ! TRADE UNIONS1 AS M]E >M$1 BUT SOME:AT ANNOY+ & SUP]FLU\S1 APP5DAGES ( ! LATT]4 

,! DEBATES W]E FOCUS$ ON ! DEGREE ( AUTONOMY TO BE 5JOY$ BY ! NEI<BORHOOD DEF5SE COMMITTEES ) RESPECT TO ! TRADE UNIONS4 ,PROPOSALS SPANN$ ! SPECTRUM FROM ALL[+ ! ,LOCAL ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES TO BE TOTALLY 9DEP5D5T & TO BE COMPLETELY SEP>ATE 5TITIES1 RECOGNIZ+ !M AS ,! ,M,I,L,I,T,I,A ,( ,! ,C,N,T1 TO !IR FULL & ABSOLUTE SUBORD9ATION TO ! DICTATES ( ! ,LOCAL ,F$]ATION ( ,TRADE ,UNIONS1 :I* W]E NOT ONLY TO DEBATE RELEVANT ISSUES & DECIDE :AT ACTION %\LD BE TAK51 BUT W\LD ALSO HAVE CU/ODIAN%IP OV] >MS1 & JURISDICTION OV] ! MEMB]S & F9ANCES ( ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES4 

,! FUNDAM5TAL ISSUE1 ACCORD+ TO ! ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE1 WAS ! G5]ALIZ$ REFUSAL TO OBEY ! DIS>MAM5T ORD]S3 0! NEI<BORHOODS >E \R [N WOR/ 5EMIES04 ,9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#f1 ! 5TRY ( ! ,C,N,T 9TO ! GOV]NM5T ( ! ,G5]ALITAT L$ TO ! CREATION ( A ,COMMITTEE = ,9T]NAL ,SECURITY1 :I* RESULT$ 9 A SITUATION ( DUAL P[] ( COMM& OV] ! =CES ( PUBLIC ORD]1 BETWE5 ! ,C,N,T & ! GOV]NM5T ( ! ,G5]ALITAT4 ,! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS W]E LOS+ !IR AUTONOMY & !IR DECISION MAK+ CAPABILITIES1 :ILE ! ,COMMISS>IAT ( ,PUBLIC ,ORD]1 CONTROLL$ BY ! ,P,S,U,C & ! ,],C1 WAS 9CREAS+ ITS CO]CIVE P[]S1 RECOMMISSION+ ! UNITS ( ! ,ASSAULT ,GU>DS & ! ,REPUBLICAN ,NATIONAL ,GU>DS 7! =M] ,CIVIL ,GU>DS74 ,AT ! 5D ( ,JANU>Y #aicg ! MILITIAM5 ( ! ,P,S,U,C-,U,G,T AB&ON$ ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS1 & W]E REPLAC$ BY ELEM5TS FROM ! ,C,N,T1 ! ,],C & ! ,P,\,M4 ,! F9AL ELIM9ATION ( ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS1 :I* W\LD BE ABSORB$ 9TO A NEW1 UNIFI$ ,SECURITY ,CORPS BY ! DECREE ( ,M>* #d1 #a#i#c#g1 IMPLI$ ! ,C,N,T'S LOSS ( HEGEMONY 9 ! POLICE FUNCTIONS & REPRESSIVE TASKS ( ! RE>GU>D4 

,9 ! FRAGILE POLITICAL & >M$ EQUILIBRIUM ?AT PREVAIL$ 9 ! SPR+ ( #aicg 9 ! ,B>CELONA RE>GU>D1 ! GR[? ( & 9CREAS+ ?REAT POS$ BY ! REPRESSIVE =CES ( ! B\RGEOISIE1 :I* W]E T5D+ TO MONOPOLIZE ! MEANS ( VIOL5CE1 GAVE A NEW IMPETUS TO ! REORGANIZATION & PREP>$NESS ( ! NEI<BORHOOD DEF5SE COMMITTEES = A CONFRONTATION ?AT N[ APPE>$ TO BE 9EVITABLE4 

,A,L,B--,:Y DID ! COMMITTEES LOSE CONTROL OV] PROVISION+8 ,:AT WAS ! 0W> = BREAD08 

,ON ,DECEMB] #b1 #a#i#c#f1 ,JOAN ,COMOR]A 7,P,S,U,C71 ! ,M9I/] ( ,PROVISIONS1 DELIV]$ AN IMPORTANT SPEE*1 9 ,CATALAN1 AT ! ,GRAN ,PRICE BALLROOM 9 ,B>CELONA4 

,COMOR]A >GU$ 9 FAVOR ( A /RONG GOV]NM5T1 ) FULL P[]S1 CAPABLE ( 5=C+ DECREES ?AT W\LD NO LONG] BE JU/ SO MANY SCRAPS ( PAP]1 AS WAS ! CASE UND] ! FIR/ GOV]NM5T ( ,T>RADELLAS1 9 :I* ,N9 REPRES5T$ ! ,P,\,M4 ,HE CALL$ = A /RONG GOV]NM5T1 CAPABLE ( C>RY+ \T AN EFFICI5T MILIT>Y POLICY ?AT W\LD C5TRALIZE ALL =CES AT ! FRONT4 

,COMOR]A BLAM$ ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES = ! %ORTAGES & HI< PRICES ( FOOD1 RA!R ?AN ! HO>D+ & SPECULATION ( ! %OPKEEP]S4 ,HIS SPEE* JU/IFI$ & S]V$ AS AN EXPLANATION = ! SLOGAN ?AT HAD APPE>$ ON PLAC>DS & PO/]S 9 WOM5'S DEMON/RATIONS ?AT TOOK PLACE 9 LATE #aicf & E>LY #a#i#c#g--0MORE BREAD & FEW] COMMITTEES0--DEMON/RATIONS ?AT W]E PROMOT$ & MANIPULAT$ BY ! ,P,S,U,C4 ,IT WAS CLE> ?AT !RE W\LD BE A CONFRONTATION BETWE5 ! TWO OPPOS$ PROVISIONS POLICIES1 ?AT ( ! ,P,S,U,C & ?AT ( ! ,FOOD ,WORK]S ,TRADE ,UNION ( ! ,C,N,T4 ,! ,FOOD ,WORK]S ,TRADE ,UNION1 ?R\< ! ?IRTE5 PROVISIONS W>EH\SES 9 ! V>I\S DI/RICTS ( ! CITY ?AT W]E UND] ! CONTROL ( ! REVOLUTION>Y NEI<BORHOOD COMMITTEES 7OR1 MORE ACCURATELY1 ( ! DI/RICT DEF5SE COMMITTEES71 DELIV]$ FREE FOOD TO ! PEOPLE'S KIT*5S1 :I* F$ ! UNEMPLOY$ & !IR FAMILIES1 & ALSO S]V$ ! NE$S ( ! REFUGEES :O1 9 ,APRIL #a#i#c#g1 ALREADY NUMB]$ #b#b1 9 ,B>CELONA4 ,IT WAS A NETWORK ( PROVISION+ ?AT RIVAL$ ! RETAIL %OPS1 :I* ONLY RESPOND$ TO ! LAW ( SUPPLY & DEM&2 ! REVOLUTION>Y 9/ITUTIONS ATTEMPT$1 ABOVE ALL1 TO PREV5T ! PRICES ( NECESSITIES FROM RIS+ TOO HI<1 :I* R5D]$ MANY PRODUCTS 9ACCESSIBLE = ! WORK]S &1 ( C\RSE1 = ! UNEMPLOY$ & ! REFUGEES4 ,! BLACK M>KET WAS ! BIGGE/ BUS9ESS >5A = ! %OPKEEP]S1 :O MADE EXCELL5T PR(ITS ?ANKS TO ! HUNG] ( ! MAJORITY ( ! POPULATION4 ,COMOR]A'S W> = BREAD WAG$ AGA9/ ! DI/RICT PROVISION+ COMMITTEES HAD NO O!R OBJECTIVE ?AN ?AT ( /RIPP+ ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES ( EV]Y %R$ ( P[]1 EV5 AT ! CO/ ( DEPRIV+ ,B>CELONA ( FOOD & O!R BASIC NECESSITIES4 

,COMOR]A 5D$ HIS SPEE* ) AN APPEAL TO ALL ! ORGANIZATIONS TO ASSUME RESPONSIBILITY = ! SAKE ( IRON UNITY 9 ! ANTIFASCI/ /RUGGLE4 ,9 ORD] TO UND]/& ,COMOR]A'S SPEE* WE MU/ NOTE ! /RATEGY1 =MULAT$ BY ,G]O1 ( IMPLEM5T+ A ,S,E,L,E,C,T,I,V,E POLICY AGA9/ ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 :I* CONSI/$ 9 9TEGRAT+ ITS LEAD]S 9TO ! ,/ATE APP>ATUS1 :ILE AT ! SAME TIME C>RY+ \T AN IMPLACABLE REPRESSION AGA9/ ! REVOLUTION>Y SECTORS1 ?AT W]E %AMEFULLY REF]R$ TO AS 09CONTROLADOS01 GANG/]S1 MURD]]S1 AG5TS PROVOCATEURS & IRRESPONSIBLE ELEM5TS2 & :OM ,COMOR]A V]Y CLE>LY ID5TIFI$ ) ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES4 

,! PROVISIONS W>EH\SES ( ! NEI<BORHOOD COMMITTEES DET]M9$ :AT1 H[1 :AT QUANTITIES & :AT PRICE W\LD BE *>G$ BY ! %OPKEEP]S1 ONCE ! 0REVOLUTION>Y0 NE$S ( ! NEI<BORHOOD W]E SATISFI$1 ?AT IS1 ! NE$S ( ! 9VALIDS1 *ILDR51 UNEMPLOY$1 PEOPLES' KIT*5S1 ETC4 ,COMOR]A ADVOCAT$ ! ELIM9ATION ( !SE REVOLUTION>Y NEI<BORHOOD COMMITTEES1 :I* W]E TO BE REPLAC$ BY ! FREE M>KET4 ,HE KNEW1 FUR!RMORE1 ?AT ! =M] IMPLI$ ! LATT]1 & ?AT1 UNLESS ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES W]E SUPPRESS$1 ! FREE M>KET W\LD BE A *IM]A4 

,! RATIONAL1 ADEQUATE & PLANN$ PROVISION+ ( ,B>CELONA & ,CATALONIA1 W\LD HAVE REQUIR$ ! ADOPTION ( ! PROPOSALS MADE BY ,JOAN ,P4 ,FABREGAS1 ! ,M9I/] ( ! ,ECONOMY & MEMB] ( ! ,C,N,T1 BETWE5 ,OCTOB] & ,DECEMB] ( #a#i#c#f1 9 HIS FRUITLESS BATTLES 9 ! ,C\NCIL ( ! ,G5]ALITAT1 TO SECURE ! MONOPOLY ( =EIGN TRADE1 :I* W]E OPPOS$ BY ! O!R POLITICAL FACTIONS REPRES5T$ ON ! ,C\NCIL4 ,MEAN:ILE1 ON ! ,P>IS GRA9 M>KET1 T5 OR TWELVE PRIVATE ,CATALAN :OLESAL]S COMPET$ ) EA* O!R1 DRIV+ ! PRICES ( GRA9S EV]Y HI<]4 ,BUT ! MONOPOLY ( =EIGN TRADE1 :I* WAS NOT EV5 A REVOLUTION>Y MEASURE1 BUT ONLY ONE ?AT WAS APPROPRIATE = A SITUATION ( W>TIME EM]G5CY1 VIOLAT$ ! PHILOSOPHY ( ! FREE M>KET ADVOCAT$ BY ,COMOR]A4 

,!RE WAS A CONNECTION BETWE5 ! BREAD L9ES 9 ,B>CELONA & ! IRRATIONAL COMPETITION ( ! :OLESAL]S 9 ! ,P>IS GRA9 M>KET4 ,?IS ,B>CELONA-,P>IS NEXUS W\LD HAVE BE5 SEV]$ BY A MONOPOLY 9 =EIGN TRADE4 ,) ,COMOR]A'S FREE M>KET POLICY ?IS NEXUS WAS CONSOLIDAT$4 ,9 ADDITION1 ! ,P,S,U,C 5C\RAG$ ! SPECULATION ( ! %OPKEEP]S1 :O GOT RI* ON ! HUNG] ( ! WORK]S4 

,A,L,B--,H[ & = :AT PURPOSES DID ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES REORGANIZE8 

,ON ,SUNDAY1 ,APRIL #a#a1 AT A RALLY 9 ,LA ,MONUM5TAL >5A1 !RE W]E MANY PLAC>DS DEM&+ ! RELEASE ( ,M>OTO & NUM]\S O!R ANTIFASCI/ PRISON]S1 MO/ ( :OM W]E MEMB]S ( ! ,C,N,T4 ,F$]ICA ,MONTS5Y WAS GREET$ ) BOOS & CATCALLS4 ,! %\TS 9 FAVOR ( FRE$OM = ! PRISON]S GOT L\D] & L\D]1 & W]E CON/ANTLY REPEAT$4 ,! SUP]IOR COMMITTEES HELD ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI RESPONSIBLE = ?IS DISRUPTION ( ! RALLY4 ,F$]ICA1 :O WAS V]Y UPSET1 ?REAT5$ NOT TO HOLD ANY MORE MEET+S 9 ,B>CELONA4 

,GRACIA'S ,GRUPO #ab PRES5T$ A WRITT5 PROPOSAL3 

0,ON ,MONDAY1 ,APRIL #a#b1 #a#i#c#g1 A SESSION ( ! LOCAL PL5UM ( ! ,AN>*I/ ,GR\PS ( ,B>CELONA WAS HELD AT ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I HEADQU>T]S1 ATT5D$ ALSO BY ! CONF$]AL ,DEF5SE GR\PS & ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\?4 

0,! ,PL5UM1 9 CONSID]ATION1 AFT] AMPLE DISCUSSION1 ( ! RESULTS ( N9E MON?S ( M9I/]IAL POLICIES1 & 9 RECOGNITION ( ! IMPOSSIBILITY ( W9N+ ! >M$ /RUGGLE ON ! FRONTS AGA9/ FASCISM )\T SUBORD9AT+ ALL P>TICUL>1 ECONOMIC1 POLITICAL & SOCIAL 9T]E/S TO ! SUPREME GOAL ( ! W9N+ ! W>2 & 9 CONSID]ATION ( ! FACT ?AT ONLY ) ! TOTAL SOCIALIZATION ( 9DU/RY1 TRADE & AGRICULTURE1 IS ! CRU%+ ( FASCISM POSSIBLE2 & :]EAS EV]Y =M ( GOV]NM5T IS BY ITS V]Y ESS5CE REACTION>Y & !RE=E CONTR>Y TO EV]Y SOCIAL REVOLUTION2 IT IS RESOLV$3 

,?AT ALL ! P]SONS :O CURR5TLY OCCUPY POSITIONS 9 ! ANTIFASCI/ GOV]NM5TAL APP>ATUS MU/ RESIGN2 

,?AT AN ANTIFASCI/ REVOLUTION>Y ,COMMITTEE %\LD BE =M$ = ! COORD9ATION ( ! >M$ /RUGGLE AGA9/ FASCISM2 

,9DU/RY1 TRADE & AGRICULTURE MU/ BE IMM$IATELY SOCIALIZ$2 

,A PRODUC]'S C>D MU/ BE 9TRODUC$4 ,! G5]AL MOBILIZATION ( ALL M5 CAPABLE ( BE>+ >MS & ( WORK+ MU/ BE IMPLEM5T$ = ! FRONT & = ! RE>GU>D2 

,& F9ALLY1 TO IMPRESS UPON ONE & ALL AN UNYIELD+ REVOLUTION>Y DISCIPL9E1 AS A GU>ANTEE ?AT ! 9T]E/S ( ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION CANNOT BE FL\T$ ) IMPUNITY40 

,?IS MEET+ HAD ESCAP$ ! CONTROL ( ! BUREAUCRATS4 ,! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES ( ,B>CELONA1 OR1 :I* AM\NTS TO ! SAME ?+1 ! DELEGATIONS ( ! REVOLUTION>Y NEI<BORHOOD COMMITTEES1 AS WELL AS ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\?1 P>TICIPAT$ 9 ?IS ,PL5UM1 & UND\BT$LY CONTRIBUT$ TO ! RADICAL TONE ( ! RESOLUTIONS4 

,! ,F,A,I ( ,B>CELONA1 TOGE!R ) ! SECTIONS ( ! REVOLUTION>Y NEI<BORHOOD DEF5SE COMMITTEES & ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\?1 DESPITE ! 9DIGNATION & ! HY/]ICAL OPPOSITION ( C]TA9 BUREAUCRATS1 RESOLV$ TO PUT AN 5D TO COLLABORATIONISM1 & DEM&$ ?AT ! AN>*I/ M9I/]S ( ! GOV]NM5T ( ! ,G5]ALITAT MU/ RESIGN & ?AT A REVOLUTION>Y ,COMMITTEE MU/ BE =M$ TO CONDUCT ! W> AGA9/ FASCISM4 ,?IS WAS A DECISIVE /EP T[>DS ! REVOLUTION>Y 9SURRECTION ?AT W\LD BREAK \T ON ,MAY #c4 

,?IS ,PL5UM ALSO TE/IFI$ TO ! EXI/5CE ( AN IDEOLOGICAL DIVIDE1 NOT SO MU* BETWE5 ! ,C,N,T & ! ,F,A,I1 AS BETWE5 REVOLUTION>IES & COLLABORATIONI/S1 :I* 9DICAT$ ! EXI/5CE ( AN ORGANIZATIONAL SPLIT )9 ! LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T 9 ,B>CELONA1 :I* WAS MANIFE/$ 9 ! GR[+ OPPOSITION & ! UNBRIDGEABLE GAP ) REG>D TO GOALS ?AT HAD OP5$ UP BETWE5 ! DEF5SE SECTIONS ( ! NEI<BORHOOD COMMITTEES & ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\?1 ON ! ONE SIDE1 & ! SUP]IOR COMMITTEES1 ON ! O!R4 

,?IS RADICALIZATION WAS ! PRODUCT ( AN 9CREAS+LY UNSU/A9ABLE SITUATION 9 ! /REETS4 ,ON ,APRIL #a#d1 A WOM5'S DEMON/RATION1 :I* ON ?IS OCCASION WAS NOT MANIPULAT$ BY ! ,P,S,U,C1 DEP>T$ FROM ,LA ,TORRASSA = ! V>I\S M>KETS 9 ,COLLBLANC1 ,SANTS & ,HO/AFRANCS1 TO PROTE/ AGA9/ ! HI< PRICE ( BREAD & O!R FOOD PRODUCTS4 ,! DEMON/RATION APPEAL$ TO ! ,REVOLUTION>Y ,COMMITTEE AT ! ,PLAZA DE ,ESPANA TO 9T]V5E ON !IR BEHALF1 BUT ! ,COMMITTEE TOLD !M ?AT ! ISSUE WAS NOT )9 ITS JURISDICTION4 ,! DEMON/RATIONS & PROTE/S SPREAD TO ALMO/ ALL ! M>KETS ( ! CITY4 ,ON ! FOLL[+ DAYS !RE W]E DI/URBANCES & DEMON/RATIONS AT V>I\S M>KETS1 AL?\< NOT AS 9T5SE AS ! DEMON/RATIONS ( ,APRIL #a#d4 ,SOME %OPS & BAK]IES W]E PLUND]$4 ,! HUNGRY PEOPLE ( ! WORK+ CLASS NEI<BORHOODS ( ,B>CELONA HAD FILL$ ! /REETS TO EXPRESS !IR ANG] & TO DEM& SOLUTIONS4 

,A,L,B--,:AT ROLE DID ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES PLAY 9 ,MAY #a#i#c#g8 

,ON ,MONDAY1 ,MAY #c1 #a#i#c#g1 AT AB\T #b3#d#e P4M41 ?REE TRUCKS FULL ( HEAVILY >M$ ,ASSAULT ,GU>DS /OPP$ 9 FRONT ( ! ,TELEPHONE ,COMPANY'S MA9 BUILD+ LOCAT$ ON ! ,PLAZA DE ,CATALUNA4 ,!Y W]E UND] ! COMM& ( ,EUSEBIO ,RODRIGUEZ ,SALAS1 A ,U,G,T MILITANT & H>DCORE ,/AL9I/1 :O WAS ALSO AN (FIC] 9 ! ,COMMISS>IAT ( ,PUBLIC ,ORD]4 ,! ,TELEPHONE ,COMPANY BUILD+ HAD BE5 UND] ! CONTROL ( ! ,C,N,T S9CE ,JULY #a#i4 ,! MONITOR+ ( TELEPHONE COMMUNICATIONS1 SURVEILLANCE OV] ! BORD]S & ! CONTROL PATROLS W]E ! MA9 BONES ( CONT5TION1 :I* HAD S9CE ,JANU>Y PROVOK$ V>I\S 9CID5TS BETWE5 ! REPUBLICAN GOV]NM5T ( ! ,G5]ALITAT & ! CONF$]AL MASSES4 ,IT WAS AN 9EVITABLE /RUGGLE BETWE5 ! REPUBLICAN ,/ATE APP>ATUS1 :I* CLAIM$ ABSOLUTE AU?ORITY OV] ALL DOMA9S 9 0ITS JURISDICTION01 & ! DEF5SE ( ! 0CONQUE/S0 ( ,JULY #ai BY ! ,C,N,T4 ,RODRIGUEZ ,SALAS ATTEMPT$ TO SEIZE CONTROL ( ! ,TELEPHONE BUILD+4 ,! ,C,N,T MILITANTS ON ! L[] FLOORS1 TAK5 BY SURPRISE1 ALL[$ !MSELVES TO BE DIS>M$2 BUT ON ! UPP] FLOORS1 ! MILITANTS F\<T BACK ) DET]M9ATION1 ?ANKS TO A /RATEGICALLY PLAC$ MA*9E GUN4 ,! NEWS ( ! ATTACK SPREAD RAPIDLY4 ,B>RICADES APPE>$ IMM$IATELY ?R\<\T ! CITY4 ,?IS MU/ NOT BE UND]/OOD AS A SPONTANE\S REACTION ( ! WORK+ CLASS ( ,B>CELONA1 BECAUSE ! G5]AL /RIKE1 ! >M$ CONFRONTATIONS ) ! POLICE & ! B>RICADES W]E ! RESULT ( ! 9ITIATIVE TAK5 BY ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES1 :OSE DIRECTIVES W]E RAPIDLY FOLL[$ ?ANKS TO ! EXI/5CE ( AN 5ORM\S DEGREE ( G5]ALIZ$ DISCONT5T1 ! 9CREAS+ ECONOMIC H>D%IPS ( EV]YDAY LIFE CAUS$ BY ! HI< CO/ ( LIV+1 ! BREAD L9ES & RATION+1 AS WELL AS ! T5SION ?AT DIVID$ ! REVOLUTION>Y RANK & FILE ( ! ,C,N,T BETWE5 COLLABORATIONI/S & REVOLUTION>IES4 ,! /REET BATTLES W]E DIRECT$ & EXECUT$ BY ! NEI<BORHOOD DEF5SE COMMITTEES 7& ONLY TO A LESS] EXT5T BY C]TA9 UNITS ( ! CONTROL PATROLS74 ,! FACT ?AT !RE W]E NO ORD]S FROM ! SUP]IOR COMMITTEES ( ! ,C,N,T1 :OSE MEMB]S W]E GOV]NM5T M9I/]S 9 ,VAL5CIA & ,B>CELONA1 OR FROM ANY O!R ORGANIZATION1 TO MOBILIZE & CON/RUCT B>RICADES ?R\<\T ! CITY1 DOES NOT MEAN ?AT ! B>RICADES W]E PURELY SPONTANE\S1 BUT RA!R ?AT !Y W]E ! RESULT ( ! DIRECTIVES ISSU$ BY ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES4 

,REG>DLESS ( ! IMPORTANCE ( ! ROLES PLAY$ BY C]TA9 LEAD]S PRIOR TO ,MAY1 ALL ( !M W]E RAPIDLY LEFT BEH9D & SURPASS$4 ,! NEI<BORHOOD COMMITTEES UNLEA%$ & PLAY$ ! LEAD+ ROLE 9 ! 9SURRECTION ( ,MAY #c-#g ( #aicg 9 ,B>CELONA4 ,& IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO CONFUSE ! NEI<BORHOOD DEF5SE COMMITTEES ) AN AMBIGU\S & IMPRECISE 0SPONTANEITY ( ! MASSES01 AS IS MA9TA9$ BY MA9/REAM HI/ORIOGRAPHY4 

,?IS IS H[ ,N91 ! POLITICAL SECRET>Y ( ! ,P,\,M1 DESCRIB$ ! ,MAY ,DAYS ON ,MAY #a#i1 #a#i#c#g3 

0,! ,MAY ,DAYS 9 ,B>CELONA BR\<T AB\T A REVIVAL ( C]TA9 9/ITUTIONS :I*1 DUR+ ! LA/ FEW MON?S1 HAVE PLAY$ A C]TA9 ROLE 9 ! ,CATALAN CAPITAL & 9 O!R IMPORTANT MUNICIPALITIES3 ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES4 ,!SE >E 9/ITUTIONS ( A PRIM>ILY TE*NICAL-MILIT>Y TYPE1 =M$ BY ! TRADE UNIONS ( ! ,C,N,T4 ,IT WAS !SE 9/ITUTIONS ?AT REALLY L$ ! /RUGGLE1 & :I* CON/ITUT$1 9 EA* NEI<BORHOOD1 ! C5T] ( ATTRACTION & ORGANIZATION ( ! REVOLUTION>Y WORK]S40 

,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI DID NOT />T ! 9SURRECTION1 BUT ITS MEMB]S W]E ! MO/ ACTIVE COMBATANTS ON ! B>RICADES1 & DI/RIBUT$ A LEAFLET DEM&+ ! REPLACEM5T ( ! ,GOV]NM5T ( ! ,G5]ALITAT BY A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,COMMITTEE4 

,! CONF$]AL WORK]S1 DISORI5T$ BY ! APPEALS ( !IR LEAD]S--! SAME ONES !Y HAD ON ,JULY #a#i6--*OSE1 9 ! 5D1 TO GIVE UP ! /RUGGLE1 AL?\< AT FIR/ !Y HAD LAU<$ AT ! CALLS ( ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP = PEACE & = ! 5D ( ! FI<T+1 9 ! 9T]E/S ( ANTIFASCI/ UNITY4 

,A,L,B--,H[ W]E ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES DISSOLV$8 

,! MILIT>Y P[] ( ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES 9 ! CITY ( ,B>CELONA WAS /ILL 9TACT1 DESPITE ! FACT ?AT ! ,MAY ,EV5TS W]E A T]RIBLE POLITICAL DEFEAT = ! REVOLUTION>IES1 :I* W\LD BECOME EVID5T ON ,JUNE #a#f1 #aicg ) ! >RE/ ( ! ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,P,\,M & ! BANN+ ( ?AT P>TY4 

,FROM ?AT TIME ON1 A SELECTIVE REPRESSION WAS ALSO DIRECT$ AGA9/ ! ,C,N,T1 & A JUDICIAL (F5SIVE WAS OP5$ UP ON SEV]AL FRONTS3 

,AGA9/ ! LOCAL REVOLUTION>Y COMMITTEES CREAT$ ON ,JULY #ai & #b2 

,AGA9/ ALL ?OSE :O HAD P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! REBELLION ( ,MAY #a#i#c#g2 

,AGA9/ ?\<T CRIMES1 READ+ ! CL&E/9E PRESS1 DEFEATISM OR BE>+ >MS )\T AU?ORIZATION2 

,AGA9/ C]TA9 WELL KN[N (FICIALS ( ! ,C,N,T1 SU* AS ,AURELIO ,F]N&EZ1 ,B>RIOB]O1 ,]OLES1 ,DEVESA1 ETC4 

,AT ! 5D ( ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 H[EV]1 ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES W]E /ILL /RONG 5\< TO ORGANIZE SOME >M$ UNITS UND] ! DIRECTION ( ! DI/RICT DEF5SE COMMITTEES4 

,! REVOLUTION>Y NEI<BORHOOD COMMITTEES 9 ,B>CELONA ?AT HAD >IS5 ON ,JULY #a#i-#b SURVIV$ UNTIL AT LEA/ ,JUNE #g1 :5 ! REC5TLY-RE/OR$ =CES ( PUBLIC ORD] ( ! ,G5]ALITAT DISSOLV$ & OCCUPI$ ! V>I\S HEADQU>T]S ( ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS1 & ALSO SOME ( ! HEADQU>T]S ( ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES1 SU* AS ?AT ( ! NEI<BORHOOD ( ,LES ,CORTS4 ,DESPITE ! DECREE ORD]+ ! DISB&+ ( ALL >M$ GR\PS1 MO/ RESI/$ UNTIL ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#c#g1 :5 !Y W]E SY/EMATICALLY DISSOLV$ & ! BUILD+S !Y OCCUPI$ W]E ATTACK$1 ONE BY ONE4 ,! LA/ BUILD+ OCCUPI$ BY A DEF5SE COMMITTEE1 & ! /RONGE/ & MO/ IMPORTANT1 WAS ! HEADQU>T]S ( ! ,C5TRAL DEF5SE COMMITTEE1 LOCAT$ AT ! =M] MONA/]Y ( ,/4 ,AN?ONY1 :I* WAS ATTACK$ ON ,SEPTEMB] #b#a1 #aicg BY ! =CES ( PUBLIC ORD]1 :I* UTILIZ$ AN 5TIRE >S5AL ( MA*9E GUNS1 TANKS & H& GR5ADES4 ,! MONA/]Y'S DEF5D]S DID NOT YIELD1 H[EV]1 TO =CE ( >MS1 BUT TO ! EVACUATION ORD] DELIV]$ BY ! ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE4 

,FROM !N ON1 ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES DISGUIS$ !MSELVES UND] ! NAME ( ,C,N,T COORD9ATION & 9=MATION ,SECTIONS1 DEVOT$ EXCLUSIVELY TO CL&E/9E 9VE/IGATIVE & 9=MATIONAL TASKS1 ( ! K9D ?AT WAS C>RI$ \T PRIOR TO ,JULY #a#i2 BUT N[ 7#a#i#c#h7 !Y HAD TO OP]ATE 9 A DI/9CTLY C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y SITUATION4 

,!Y W]E /ILL COMBATIVE 5\< & /RONG 5\<1 H[EV]1 TO PUBLI% A CL&E/9E BULLET91 ,AL]TA61 SEV5 ISSUES ( :I* W]E DI/RIBUT$ BETWE5 ,OCTOB] & ,DECEMB] #a#i#c#g4 ,! FIR/ ISSUE WAS PUBLI%$ ON ,OCTOB] #b#c1 #a#i#c#g4 ,! CON/ANT PREOCCUPATIONS ( ?IS BULLET9 W]E3 SOLID>ITY ) 0REVOLUTION>Y PRISON]S01 DEM&+ !IR RELEASE & D5\NC+ ! ADM9I/RATION ( & ABUSES ?AT TOOK PLACE AT ! ,MODELO PRISON2 ! CRITIQUE ( ! COLLABORATIONISM & POLITICIZATION ( ! ,F,A,I2 & ! D5UNCIATION ( ! DISA/R\S MILIT>Y POLICIES ( ! ,NEGR9-,PRIETO GOV]NM5T & ! ,/AL9I/ DOM9ATION ( ! >MY & ! ,/ATE4 ,IT EXPRESS$ ITS SUPPORT = ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\? & ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,AN UN=GETTABLE *>ACT]I/IC ( ! PUBLICATION W]E ITS CON/ANT CALLS TO 0REVOLUTION0 & ! DEM& ?AT ALL ! MEMB]S ( ! SUP]IOR COMMITTEES MU/ RESIGN !IR GOV]NM5T POSITIONS3 0,! ,REVOLUTION CANNOT BE C>RI$ \T ,F,R,O,M ,),9 ,! ,/,A,T,E1 BUT ONLY ,A,G,A,9,/ ,! ,/,A,T,E04 ,ITS LA/ ISSUE1 DAT$ ,DECEMB] #d1 #a#i#c#g1 D5\NC$ ! ,/AL9I/ ,*EKAS & ! BRUTAL P]SECUTION ( ! ,C,N,T MEMB]S 9 ,C]DANA4 

,9 #a#i#c#h1 ! REVOLUTION>IES W]E EI!R DEAD1 9 JAIL OR LIV+ 9 CONDITIONS ( ABSOLUTE SECRECY4 ,IT WAS NOT ,FRANCO'S DICTATOR%IP1 BUT ,NEGR9'S REPUBLIC ?AT PUT AN 5D TO ! ,REVOLUTION4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #b#c1 #bba 3 ,! ,C,N,T DEF5SE COMMITTEES 9 ,B>CELONA #a#i#c#c-#a#i#c#h -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #f1 #bbb 3 ,! ,C,N,T DEF5SE COMMITTEES 9 ,B>CELONA #a#i#c#c-#a#i#c#h -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/