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,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

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,I,F ! COM+ ,REVOLUTION IS TO BE A ,SOCIAL ,REVO LUTION IT WILL BE DI/+UI%$ FROM ALL =M] UPRIS+S NOT ONLY BY ITS AIM1 BUT ALSO BY ITS ME?ODS4 ,TO ATTA9 A NEW 5D1 NEW MEANS >E REQUIR$4 

,! ?REE GREAT POPUL> MOVEM5TS :I* WE HAVE SE5 9 ,FRANCE DUR+ ! LA/ HUNDR$ YE>S DIFF] FROM EA* O!R 9 MANY WAYS1 BUT !Y HAVE ONE COMMON FEATURE4 

,9 EA* CASE ! PEOPLE /ROVE TO OV]TURN ! OLD REGIME1 & SP5T !IR HE>T'S BLOOD = ! CAUSE4 ,!N1 AFT] HAV+ BORNE ! BRUNT ( ! BATTLE1 !Y SANK AGA9 9TO OBSCURITY4 ,A ,GOV]NM5T1 COMPOS$ ( M5 MORE OR LESS HONE/1 WAS =M$ & UND]TOOK TO ORGANIZE--! ,REPUBLIC 9 #a#g#i#c1 ,LABOR 9 #a#h#d#h1 & ! ,FREE ,COMMUNE 9 #a#h#g#a4 ,IMBU$ ) ,JACOB9 IDEAS1 ?IS ,GOV]NM5T OCCUPI$ ITSELF FIR/ ( ALL ) POLITICAL QUE/IONS1 SU* AS ! REORGANIZATION ( ! MA*9]Y ( GOV]NM5T1 ! PURIFY+ ( ! ADM9I/RATION1 ! SEP>ATION ( ,*UR* & ,/ATE1 CIVIC LIB]TY1 & SU* MATT]S4 ,IT IS TRUE ! WORKM5'S CLUBS KEPT AN EYE ON ! MEMB]S ( ! NEW ,GOV]NM5T1 & (T5 IMPOS$ !IR IDEAS ON !M4 ,BUT EV5 9 !SE CLUBS1 :E!R !  LEAD]S BELONG$ TO ! MIDDLE OR TO ! WORK+ CLASSES1 IT WAS ALWAYS MIDDLE-CLASS IDEAS :I* PREVAIL$4 ,!Y DISCUSS$ V>I\S POLITICAL QUE/IONS AT GREAT L5G?1 BUT =GOT TO DISCUSS ! QUE/ION ( BREAD4 

,GREAT IDEAS SPRANG UP AT SU* TIMES1 IDEAS ?AT HAVE MOV$ ! WORLD2 WORDS W]E SPOK5 :I* /ILL /IR \R HE>TS1 AT ! 9T]VAL ( A C5TURY4 ,BUT ! PEOPLE W]E />V+ 9 ! SLUMS4 

,FROM ! V]Y COMM5CEM5T ( ! ,REVOLUTION 9DU/RY 9EVITABLY CAME TO A /OP--! CIRCULATION ( PRODUCE WAS *ECK$1 & CAPITAL CONCEAL$ ITSELF4 ,! MA/]--! EMPLOY]--HAD NO?+ TO FE> AT SU* TIMES1 HE BATT5$ ON HIS DIVID5DS1 IF 9DE$ HE DID NOT SPECULATE ON ! WRET*$NESS >\ND2 BUT ! WAGE-E>N] WAS R$UC$ TO LIVE FROM H& TO M\?4 ,WANT KNOCK$ AT ! DOOR4 

,FAM9E WAS ABROAD 9 ! L&--SU* FAM9E AS HAD H>DLY BE5 SE5 UND] ! OLD REGIME4 

0,! ,GIRONDI/S >E />V+ US60 WAS ! CRY 9 ! WORKM5'S QU>T]S 9 #a#g#i#c1 & !REUPON ! ,GIRONDI/S W]E GUILLOT9$1 & FULL P[]S W]E GIV5 TO 0! ,M\NTA90 & TO ! ,COMMUNE4 ,! ,COMMUNE 9DE$ CONC]N$ ITSELF ) ! QUE/ION ( BREAD1 & MADE H]OIC EF=TS TO FE$ ,P>IS4 ,AT ,LYONS1 ,F\*E & ,COLLOT D',H]BOIS E/ABLI%$ CITY GRAN>IES1 BUT ! SUMS SP5T ON FILLMG !M W]E WOEFULLY 9SUFFCI5T4 ,! T[N C\NCILS MADE GREAT EF=TS TO PROCURE CORN2 ! BAK]S :O HO>D$ FL\R W]E HANG$--& /ILL ! PEOPLE LACK$ BREAD4 

,!N !Y TURN$ ON ! ROYALI/ CONSPIRATORS & LAID ! BLAME AT !IR DOOR4 ,!Y GUILLOT9$ A DOZ5 OR FIFTE5 A DAY--S]VANTS & DU*ESSES ALIKE1 ESPECIALLY S]VANTS1 = ! DU*ESSES HAD GONE TO ,COBL5TZ4 ,BUT IF !Y HAD GUILLOT9$ A HUNDR$ DUKES & VISC\NTS EV]Y DAY1 IT W\LD HAVE BE5 EQUALLY HOPELESS4 

,! WANT ONLY GREW4 ,= ! WAGE-E>N] CAN NOT LIVE )\T HIS WAGE1 & ! WAGE WAS NOT =?COM+4 ,:AT DIFF]5CE C\LD A ?\S& CORPSES MORE OR LESS MAKE TO HIM8 

,!N ! PEOPLE BEGAN TO GR[ WE>Y4 0,SO MU* = Y\R VAUNT$ ,REVOLUTION6 ,Y\ >E MORE WRET*$ ?AN EV] BE=E10 :ISP]$ ! REACTION>Y 9 ! E>S ( ! WORK]4 ,& LITTLE BY LITTLE ! RI* TOOK C\RAGE1 EM]G$ FROM !IR HID+-PLACES1 & FLAUNT$ !IR LUXURY 9 ! FACE ( ! />V+ MULTITUDE4 ,!Y DRESS$ UP LIKE SC5T$ FOPS & SAID TO ! WORK]S3 0,COME1 5\< ( ?IS FOOL]Y6 ,:AT HAVE Y\ GA9$ BY REBELLION 80 

,SICK AT HE>T1 HIS PATI5CE AT AN 5D1 ! REVOLUTION>Y HAD AT LA/ TO ADMIT TO HIMSELF ?AT ! CAUSE WAS LO/ ONCE MORE4 ,HE RETREAT$ 9TO HIS HOVEL & AWAIT$ ! WOR/4 

,!N REACTION PR\DLY ASS]T$ ITSELF1 & ACCOMPLI%$ A POLITIC /ROKE4 ,! ,REVOLUTION DEAD1 NO?+ REMA9$ BUT TO TRAMPLE ITS CORPSE UND] FOOT4 

,! ,:ITE ,T]ROR BEGAN4 ,BLOOD FL[$ LIKE WAT]1 ! GUILLOT9E WAS NEV] IDLE1 ! PRISONS W]E CR[D$1 :ILE ! PAGEANT ( RANK & FA%ION  RESUM$ ITS OLCL C\RSE1 & W5T ON AS M]RILY AS BE=E4 

,?IS PICTURE IS TYPICAL ( ALL \R REVOLUTIONS4 ,9 #ahdh ! WORK]S ( ,P>IS PLAC$ 0?REE MON?S ( />VATION0 AT ! S]VICE ( ! ,REPUBLIC1 & !N1 HAV+ REA*$ ! LIMIT ( !IR P[]S1 !Y MADE ONE LA/ DESP]ATE EF=T--AN EF=T :I* WAS DR[N$ 9 BLOOD4 ,9 #ahga ! ,COMMUNE P]I%$ = LACK ( COMBATANTS4 ,IT HAD TAK5 MEASURES = ! SEP>ATION ( ,*UR* & ,/ATE1 BUT IT NEGLECT$1 ALAS1 UNTIL TOO LATE1 TO TAKE MEASURES = PROVID+ ! PEOPLE ) BREAD4 ,& SO IT CAME TO PASS 9 ,P>IS ?AT ELEGANTES & F9E G5TLEM5 C\LD SPURN ! CONF$]ATES1 & BID !M GO SELL !IR LIVES = A MIS]ABLE PITTANCE1 & LEAVE !IR 0BETT]S0 TO FEA/ AT !IR EASE 9 FA%IONABLE RE/AURANTS4 

,AT LA/ ! ,COMMUNE SAW ITS MI/AKE1 & OP5$ COMMUNAL KIT*5S4 ,BUT IT WAS TOO LATE4 ,ITS DAYS W]E ALREADY NUMB]$1 & ! TROOPS ( ,V]SAILLES W]E ON ! RAMP>TS4 

0,BREAD1 IT IS BREAD ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION NE$S60 

,LET O!RS SP5D !IR TIME 9 ISSU+ POMP\S PROCLAMATIONS1 9 DECORAT+ !MSELVES LAVI%LY ) (FICIAL GOLD LACE1 & 9 TALK+ AB\T POLITICAL LIB]TY6444 

,BE IT \RS TO SEE1 FROM ! FIR/ DAY ( ! ,REVOLUTION TO ! LA/1 9 ALL ! PROV9CES FI<T+ = FRE$OM1 ?AT !RE IS NOT A S+LE MAN :O LACKS BREAD1 NOT A S+LE WOMAN COMPELL$ TO /& ) ! WE>IFUL CR[D \TSIDE ! BAKE-H\SE-DOOR1 ?AT HAPLY A CO>SE LOAF MAY BE ?R[N TO H] 9  *>ITY1 NOT A S+LE *ILD P9+ = WANT ( FOOD4 

,IT HAS ALWAYS BE5 ! MIDDLE-CLASS IDEA TO H>ANGUE AB\T 0GREAT PR9CIPLES0--GREAT LIES RA!R6 

,! IDEA ( ! PEOPLE WILL BE TO PROVIDE BREAD = ALL4 ,& :ILE MIDDLE-CLASS CITIZ5S1 & WORKM5 9FE/$ ) MIDDLE-CLASS IDEAS ADMIRE !IR [N RHETORIC 9 ! 0,TALK+ ,%OPS10 & 0PRACTICAL PEOPLE0 >E 5GAG$ 9 5DLESS DISCUSSIONS ON =MS ( GOV]NM5T1 WE1 ! 0,UTOPIAN DREAM]S0--WE %ALL HAVE TO CONSID] ! QUE/ION ( DAILY BREAD4 

,WE HAVE ! TEM]ITY TO DECL>E ?AT ALL HAVE A RI<T TO BREAD1 ?AT !RE IS BREAD 5\< = ALL1 & ?AT ) ?IS WAT*WORD ( ,BREAD = ,ALL ! ,REVOLUTION WILL TRIUMPH4 

,I,I 

,?AT WE >E ,UTOPIANS IS WELL KN[N4 ,SO ,UTOPIAN >E WE ?AT WE GO ! L5G? ( BELIEV+ ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION CAN & \<T TO ASSURE %ELT]1 FOOD1 & CLO!S TO ALL--AN IDEA EXTREMELY DISPLEAS+ TO MIDDLE-CLASS CITIZ5S1 :ATEV] !IR P>TY COLOR1 = !Y >E QUITE ALIVE TO ! FACT ?AT IT IS NOT EASY TO KEEP ! UPP] H& ( A PEOPLE :OSE HUNG] IS SATISFI$4 

,ALL ! SAME1 WE MA9TA9 \R CONT5TION3 BREAD MU/ BE F\ND = ! PEOPLE ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 & ! QUE/ION ( BREAD MU/ TAKE PREC$5CE ( ALL O!R QUE/IONS4 ,IF IT IS SETTL$ 9 ! 9T]E/S ( ! PEOPLE1 ! ,REVOLUTION WILL BE ON ! RI<T  ROAD2 = 9 SOLV+ ! QUE/ION ( ,BREAD WE MU/ ACCEPT ! PR9CIPLE ( EQUALITY1 :I* WILL =CE ITSELF UPON US TO ! EXCLUSION ( EV]Y O!R SOLUTION4 

,IT IS C]TA9 ?AT ! COM+ ,REVOLUTION--LIKE 9 ?AT RESPECT TO ! ,REVOLUTION ( #a#h#d#h--WILL BUR/ UPON US 9 ! MIDDLE ( A GREAT 9DU/RIAL CRISIS4 ,?+S HAVE BE5 SEE?+ = HALF A C5TURY N[1 & CAN ONLY GO FROM BAD TO WORSE4 ,EV]Y?+ T5DS ?AT WAY--NEW NATIONS 5T]+ !1 LI/S ( 9T]NATIONAL TRADE & FI<T+ = POSSESSION ( ! WORLD'S M>KETS1 W>S1 TAXES EV] 9CREAS+4 ,NATIONAL DEBTS1 ! 9SECURITY ( ! MORR[1 & HUGE COLONIAL UND]TAK+S 9 EV]Y CORN] ( ! GLOBE4 

,!RE >E MILLIONS ( UNEMPLOY$ WORK]S 9 ,EUROPE AT ?IS MOM5T4 ,IT WILL BE /ILL WORSE :5 ,REVOLUTION HAS BUR/ UPON US & SPREAD LIKE FIRE LAID TO A TRA9 ( GUNP[D]4 ,! NUMB] ( ! \T-(-WORKS WILL BE D\BL$ AS SOON AS B>RICADES >E ]ECT$ 9 ,EUROPE & ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4 ,:AT IS TO BE DONE TO PROVIDE !SE MULTITUDES ) BREAD8 

,WE DO NOT KN[ :E!R ! FOLK :O CALL !M SELVES 0PRACTICAL PEOPLE0 HAVE EV] ASK$ !MSELVES ?IS QUE/ION 9 ALL ITS NAK$NESS4 ,BUT WE DO KN[ ?AT !Y WI% TO MA9TA9 ! WAGE SY/EM1 & WE MU/ !RE=E EXPECT TO HAVE 0NATIONAL WORK%OPS0 & 0PUBLIC WORKS0 VAUNT$ AS A MEANS ( GIV+ FOOD TO ! UNEMPLOY$4 

,BECAUSE NATIONAL WORK%OPS W]E OP5$ 9 #a<i & 9 #a#g#i#c2 BECAUSE ! SAME MEANS W]E RESORT$ TO 9 #a#h#d#h2 BECAUSE ,NAPOLEON ,I,I,I SUCCE$$ 9  CONT5T+ ! ,P>ISIAN PROLET>IAT = EI<TE5 YE>S BY GIV+ !M PUBLIC WORKS--:I* CO/ ,P>IS TO-DAY ITS DEBT ( ,G,B,P#h11--& ITS MUNICIPAL TAX ( ?REE OR F\R P\NDS A-HEAD2#a BECAUSE ?IS EXCELL5T ME?OD ( 0TAM+ ! BEA/0 WAS CU/OM>Y 9 ,ROME1 & EV5 9 ,EGYPT F\R ?\S& YE>S AGO2 & LA/LY1 BECAUSE DESPOTS1 K+S1 & EMP]ORS HAVE ALWAYS EMPLOY$ ! RUSE ( ?R[+ A SCRAP ( FOOD TO ! PEOPLE TO GA9 TIME TO SNAT* UP ! :IP--IT IS NATURAL ?AT 0PRACTICAL0 M5 %\LD EXTOLL ?IS ME?OD ( P]PETUAT+ ! WAGE SY/EM4 ,:AT NE$ TO RACK \R BRA9S :5 WE HAVE ! TIME-HONOR$ ME?OD ( ! ,PH>AOHS AT \R DISPOSAL8 

,YET %\LD ! ,REVOLUTION BE SO MISGUID$ AS TO />T ON ?IS PA?1 IT W\LD BE LO/4 

,9 #a#h#d#h1 :5 ! NATIONAL WORK%OPS W]E OP5$ ON ,FEBRU>Y #b#g1 ! UNEMPLOY$ ( ,P>IS NUMB]$ ONLY #h2 A =TNI<T LAT] !Y HAD ALREADY 9CREAS$ TO #d#i14 ,!Y W\LD SOON HAVE BE5 #a11 )\T C\NT+ ?OSE :O CR[D$ 9 FROM ! PROV9CES4 

,YET AT ?AT TIME TRADE & MANUFACTUR]S 9 ,FRANCE ONLY EMPLOY$ HALF AS MANY H&S AS TO-DAY4 ,& WE KN[ ?AT 9 TIME ( ,REVOLUTION EX*ANGE & 9DU/RY SUFF] MO/ FROM ! G5]AL UPHEAVAL4 

,TO REALIZE ?IS WE HAVE ONLY TO ?9K = A MOM5T ( ! NUMB] ( WORKM5 :OSE LABOR DEP5DS DIRECTLY OR 9DIRECTLY UPON EXPORT TRADE1 OR ( ! 

 NUMB] ( H&S EMPLOY$ 9 PRODUC+ LUXURIES1 :OSE CONSUM]S >E ! MIDDLE-CLASS M9ORITY4 

,A REVOLUTION 9 ,EUROPE MEANS ! UNAVOIDABLE /OPPAGE ( AT LEA/ HALF ! FACTORIES & WORK%OPS4 ,IT MEANS MILLIONS ( WORK]S & !IR FAMILIES ?R[N ON ! /REETS4 

,& \R 0PRACTICAL M50 W\LD SEEK TO AV]T ?IS TRULY T]RIBLE SITUATION BY MEANS ( NATIONAL RELIEF WORKS2 ?AT IS TO SAY1 BY MEANS ( NEW 9DU/RIES CREAT$ ON ! SPOT TO GIVE WORK TO ! UNEMPLOY$6 

,IT IS EVID5T1 AS ,PR\DHON HAS ALREADY PO9T$ \T1 ?AT ! SMALLE/ ATTACK UPON PROP]TY WILL BR+ 9 ITS TRA9 ! COMPLETE DISORGANIZATION ( ! SY/EM BAS$ UPON PRIVATE 5T]PRISE & WAGE LABOR4 ,SOCIETY ITSELF WILL BE =C$ TO TAKE PRODUCTION 9 H&1 9 ITS 5TIRETY1 & TO REORGANIZE IT TO MEET ! NE$S ( ! :OLE PEOPLE4 ,BUT ?IS CANNOT BE ACCOMPLI%$ 9 A DAY OR A MON?2 IT MU/ TAKE A C]TA9 TIME ?US TO REORGANIZE ! SY/EM ( PRODUCTION1 & DUR+ ?IS TIME MILLIONS ( M5 WILL BE DEPRIV$ ( ! MEANS ( SUBSI/5CE4 ,:AT !N IS TO BE DONE 8 

,!RE IS ONLY ONE REALLY PRACTICAL SOLUTION ( ! PROBLEM--BOLDLY TO FACE ! GREAT TASK :I* AWAITS US1 & 9/EAD ( TRY+ TO PAT* UP A SITUATION :I* WE \RSELVES HAVE MADE UNT5ABLE1 TO PROCE$ TO REORGANIZE PRODUCTION ON A NEW BASIS4 

,?US ! REALLY PRACTICAL C\RSE ( ACTION1 9 \R VIEW1 W\LD BE ?AT ! PEOPLE %\LD TAKE IMM$IATE POSSESSION ( ALL ! FOOD ( ! 9SURG5T DI/RICTS1 KEEP+ /RICT ACC\NT ( IT ALL1 ?AT  NONE MI<T BE WA/$1 & ?AT BY ! AID ( !SE ACCUMULAT$ RES\RCES EV]Y ONE MI<T BE ABLE TO TIDE OV] ! CRISIS4 ,DUR+ ?AT TIME AN AGREEM5T W\LD HAVE TO BE MADE ) ! FACTORY WORK]S1 ! NECESS>Y RAW MAT]IAL GIV5 !M & ! MEANS ( SUBSI/5CE ASSUR$ TO !M :ILE !Y WORK$ TO SUPPLY ! NE$S ( ! AGRICULTURE POPULATION4 ,= WE MU/ NOT =GET ?AT :ILE ,FRANCE WEAVES SILKS & SAT9S TO DECK ! WIVES ( ,G]MAN F9ANCI]S1 ! ,EMPRESS ( ,RUSSIA1 & ! ,QUE5 ( ! ,S&WI* ,ISL&S1 & :ILE ,P>IS FA%IONS WOND]FUL TR9KETS & PLAY?+S = RI* FOLK ALL ! WORLD OV]1 TWO-?IRDS ( ! ,FR5* PEASANTRY HAVE NOT PROP] LAMPS TO GIVE !M LI<T1 OR ! IMPLEM5TS NECESS>Y = MOD]N AGRICULTURE4 ,LA/LY1 UNPRODUCTIVE L&1 ( :I* !RE IS PL5TY1 W\LD HAVE TO BE TURN$ TO ! BE/ ADVANTAGE1 POOR SOILS 5RI*$1 & RI* SOILS1 :I* YET1 UND] ! PRES5T SY/EM1 DO NOT YIELD A QU>T]1 NO1 NOR A T5? ( :AT !Y MI<T PRODUCE1 SUBMITT$ TO 9T5SIVE CULTURE & TILL$ ) AS MU* C>E AS A M>KET G>D5 OR A FL[] PLOT4 ,IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO IMAG9E ANY O!R PRACTICAL SOLUTION ( ! PROBLEM2 &1 :E!R WE LIKE IT OR NOT1 %E] =CE ( CIRCUM/ANCES WILL BR+ IT TO PASS4 

,I,I,I 

,! MO/ PROM95T *>ACT]I/IC ( CAPITALISM IS ! WAGE SY/EM1 :I* 9 BRIEF AM\NTS TO ?IS3-- ,A MAN1 OR A GR\P ( M51 POSSESS+ !  NECESS>Y CAPITAL1 />TS SOME 9DU/RIAL 5T]PRISE2 HE UND]TAKES TO SUPPLY ! FACTORY OR WORK%OPS ) RAW MAT]IAL1 TO ORGANIZE PRODUCTION1 TO PAY ! EMPLOYES A FIX$ WAGE1 & LA/LY1 TO POCKET ! SURPLUS VALUE OR PR(ITS1 UND] PRETEXT ( REC\P+ HIMSELF = MANAG+ ! CONC]N1 = RUNN+ ! RISKS IT MAY 9VOLVE1 & = ! FLUCTUATIONS ( PRICE 9 ! M>KET VALUE ( ! W>ES4 

,TO PRES]VE ?IS SY/EM1 ?OSE :O N[ MONOPOLIZE CAPITAL W\LD BE READY TO MAKE C]TA9 CONCESSIONS2 TO %>E1 = EXAMPLE1 A P>T ( ! PR(ITS ) ! WORK]S1 OR RA!R TO E/ABLI% A 0SLID+ SCALE10 :I* W\LD OBLIGE !M TO RAISE WAGES :5 PRICES W]E HI<2 9 BRIEF1 !Y W\LD CONS5T TO C]TA9 SACRIFICES ON CONDITION ?AT !Y W]E /ILL ALL[$ TO DIRECT 9DU/RY & TO TAKE ITS FIR/ FRUITS4 

,COLLECTIVISM1 AS WE KN[1 DOES NOT ABOLI% WAGES1 ?\< IT 9TRODUCES CONSID]ABLE MODIFICATIONS 9TO ! EXI/+ ORD] ( ?+S4 ,IT ONLY SUB/ITUTES ! ,/ATE1 ?AT IS TO SAY1 ,REPRES5TATIVE ,GOV]NM5T1 NATIONAL OR LOCAL1 = ! 9DIVIDUAL EMPLOY] ( LABOR4 ,UND] ,COLLECTIVISM IT IS ! REPRES5TATIVES ( ! NATION1 OR ( ! DI/RICT1 & !IR DEPUTIES & (FICIALS :O >E TO HAVE ! CONTROL ( 9DU/RY4 ,IT IS !Y :O RES]VE TO !MSELVES ! RI<T ( EMPLOY+ ! SURPLUS (2 PRODUCTION--9 ! 9T]E/S ( ALL4 ,MOREOV]1 ,COLLECTIVISM DRAWS A V]Y SUBTLE BUT V]Y F> REA*+ DI/9CTION BETWE5 ! WORK ( ! LABOR] & ( ! MAN :O HAS LE>N$ A CRAFT4 ,UNSKILL$ LABOR 9 ! EYES ( ! COLLECTIVI/ IS SIMPLE LABOR1  :ILE ! WORK ( ! CRAFTSMAN1 ! ME*ANIC1 ! 5G9E]1 ! MAN ( SCI5CE1 ETC41 IS :AT ,M>X CALLS COMPLEX LABOR1 & IS 5TITL$ TO A HI<] WAGE4 ,BUT LABOR]S & CRAFTSM51 WEAV]S & M5 ( SCI5CE1 >E ALL WAGE-S]VANTS ( ! ,/ATE--0ALL (FICIALS10 AS WAS SAID LATELY1 TO GILD ! PILL4 

,! COM+ ,REVOLUTION CAN R5D] NO GREAT] S]VICE TO HUMANITY ?AN TO MAKE ! WAGE SY/EM1 9 ALL ITS =MS1 AN IMPOSSIBILITY1 & TO R5D] ,COMMUNISM1 :I* IS ! NEGATION ( WAGE-SLAV]Y1 ! ONLY POSSIBLE SOLUTION4 

,= EV5 ADMITT+ ?AT ! ,COLLECTIVI/ MODIFICATION ( ! PRES5T SY/EM IS POSSIBLE1 IF 9TRODUC$ GRADUALLY DUR+ A P]IOD ( PROSP]ITY & PEACE--?\< = MY P>T ,I QUE/ION ITS PRACTICABILITY EV5 UND] SU* CONDITIONS--IT W\LD BECOME IMPOSSIBLE 9 A P]IOD ( ,REVOLUTION1 :5 ! NE$ ( FE$+ HUNGRY MILLIONS SPR+S UP ) ! FIR/ CALL TO >MS4 ,A POLITICAL REVOLUTION CAN BE ACCOMPLI%$ )\T %AK+ ! F\NDATIONS ( 9DU/RY1 BUT A REVOLUTION :]E ! PEOPLE LAY H&S UPON PROP]TY WILL 9EVITABLY P>ALYZE EX*ANGE & PRODUCTION4 ,MILLIONS ( PUBLIC MONEY W\LD NOT SUFFICE = WAGES TO ! MILLIONS ( \T-(-WORKS4 

,?IS PO9T CANNOT BE TOO MU* 9SI/$ UPON2 ! REORGANIZATION ( 9DU/RY ON A NEW BASIS 7& WE %ALL PRES5TLY %[ H[ TREM5D\S ?IS PROBLEM IS7 CANNOT BE ACCOMPLI%$ 9 A FEW DAYS1 NOR1 ON ! O!R H&1 WILL ! PEOPLE SUBMIT TO BE HALF />V$ = YE>S 9 ORD] TO OBLIGE ! !ORI/S :O UPHOLD ! WAGE SY/EM4 ,TO TIDE OV] ! 

 P]IOD ( /RESS !Y WILL DEM& :AT !Y HAVE ALWAYS DEM&$ 9 SU* CASES--COMMUNIZATION ( SUPPLIES--! GIV+ ( RATIONS4 

,IT WILL BE 9 VA9 TO PREA* PATI5CE4 ,! PEOPLE WILL BE PATI5T NO LONG]1 & IF FOOD IS NOT PUT 9 COMMON !Y WILL PLUND] ! BAK]IES4 

,IF ! PEOPLE >E NOT /RONG 5\< TO C>RY ALL BE=E !M1 !Y WILL BE %OT D[N TO GIVE ,COLLECTIVISM A FAIR FIELD = EXP]IM5T4 ,TO ?IS 5D 0ORD]0 MU/ BE MA9TA9$ AT ANY PRICE--ORD]1 DISCIPL9E1 OB$I5CE6 ,& AS ! CAPITALI/S WILL SOON REALIZE ?AT :5 ! PEOPLE >E %OT D[N BY ?OSE :O CALL !MSELVES ,REVOLUTIONI/S1 ! ,REVOLUTION ITSELF WILL BECOME HATEFUL 9 ! EYES ( ! MASSES2 !Y WILL C]TA9LY L5D !IR SUPPORT TO ! *AMPIONS ( ORD]--EV5 ?\< !Y >E COLLECTIVI/S4 ,9 SU* A L9E ( CONDUCT1 ! CAPITALI/S WILL SEE A MEANS ( H]EAFT] CRU%+ ! COLLECTIVI/S 9 !IR TURN4 ,IF 0ORD] IS E/ABLI%$0 9 ?IS FA%ION1 ! CONSEQU5CES >E EASY TO =ESEE4 ,NOT CONT5T ) %OOT+ D[N ! 0M>AUD]S10 ! FACTION ( 0ORD]0 WILL SE>* \T ! 0R+LEAD]S ( ! MOB40 ,!Y WILL SET UP AGA9 ! LAW C\RTS & RE9/ATE ! HANGMAN4 ,! MO/ >D5T REVOLUTIONI/S WILL BE S5T TO ! SCAFFOLD4 ,IT WILL BE #agic OV] AGA94 

,DO NOT LET US =GET H[ REACTION TRIUMPH$ 9 ! LA/ C5TURY4 ,FIR/ ! 0,HEB]TI/S10 0! MADM510 W]E GUILLOT9$--?OSE :OM ,MIGNET1 ) ! MEMORY ( ! /RUGGLE FRE% UPON HIM1 /ILL CALL$ 0 ,AN>*I/S40 ,! ,DANTONI/S SOON FOLL[$ !M2 & :5 ! P>TY ( ,ROBESPI]RE  HAD GUILLOT9$ !SE REVOLUTION>IES1 !Y 9 !IR TURN HAD TO M\NT ! SCAFFOLD2 :]EUPON ! PEOPLE1 SICK ( BLOOD%$1 & SEE+ ! REVOLUTION LO/1 ?REW UP ! SPONGE1 & LET ! REACTION>IES DO !IR WOR/4 

,IF 0ORD] IS RE/OR$10 WE SAY1 ! SOCIAL DEMOCRATS WILL HANG ! AN>*I/S2 ! ,FABIANS WILL HANG ! SOCIAL DEMOCRATS1 & WILL 9 !IR TURN BE HANG$ BY ! REACTION>IES2 & ! ,REVOLUTION WILL COME TO AN 5D4 

,BUT EV]Y?+ CONFIRMS US 9 ! BELIEF ?AT ! 5]GY ( ! PEOPLE WILL C>RY !M F> 5\<1 & ?AT1 :5 ! ,REVOLUTION TAKES PLACE1 ! IDEA ( AN>*I/ ,COMMUNISM WILL HAVE GA9$ GR\ND4 ,IT IS NOT AN >TIFICIAL IDEA4 ,! PEOPLE !MSELVES HAVE BREA!D IT 9 \R E>1 & ! NUMB] ( COMMUNI/S IS EV] 9CREAS+1 AS ! IMPOSSIBILITY ( ANY O!R SOLUTION BECOMES MORE & MORE EVID5T4 

,& IF ! IMPETUS ( ! PEOPLE IS /RONG 5\<1 AFFAIRS WILL TAKE A V]Y DIFF]5T TURN4 ,9/EAD ( PLUND]+ ! BAK]S' %OPS ONE DAY1 & />V+ ! NEXT1 ! PEOPLE ( ! 9SURG5T CITIES WILL TAKE POSSESSION ( ! W>EH\SES1 ! CATTLE M>KETS1--9 FACT ( ALL ! PROVISION /ORES & ( ALL ! FOOD TO BE HAD4 ,! WELL-9T5TION$ CITIZ5S1 M5 & WOM5 BO?1 WILL =M !MSELVES 9TO B&S ( VOLUNTE]S & ADDRESS !MSELVES TO ! TASK ( MAK+ A R\< G5]AL 9V5TORY ( ! CONT5TS1 ( EA* %OP & W>EH\SE4 ,9 TW5TY-F\R H\RS ! REVOLT$ T[N OR DI/RICT WILL KN[ :AT ,P>IS HAS NOT F\ND \T YET1 9 SPITE ( ITS /ATI/ICAL  COMMITTEES1 & :AT IT NEV] DID F9D \T DUR+ ! SIEGE--! QUANTITY ( PROVISIONS IT CONTA9S4 ,9 =TY-EI<T H\RS MILLIONS ( COPIES WILL BE PR9T$ ( ! TABLES GIV+ A SUFFICI5TLY EXACT ACC\NT ( ! AVAILABLE FOOD1 ! PLACES :]E IT IS /OR$1 & ! MEANS ( DI/RIBUTION4 

,9 EV]Y BLOCK ( H\SES1 9 EV]Y /REET1 9 EV]Y T[N W>D1 B&S ( VOLUNTE]S WILL HAVE BE5 ORGANIZ$4 ,!SE COMMISS>IAT VOLUNTE]S WILL WORK 9 UNISON & KEEP 9 T\* ) EA* O!R4 ,IF ONLY ! ,JACOB9 BAYONETS DO NOT GET 9 ! WAY2 IF ONLY ! SELF-/YL$ 0SCI5TIFIC0 !ORI/S DO NOT ?RU/ !MSELVES 9 TO D>K5 C\NSEL6 ,OR RA!R LET !N EXP\ND !IR MUDDLE-HEAD$ !ORIES AS MU* AS !Y LIKE1 PROVID$ !Y HAVE NO AU?ORITY1 NO P[]6 ,& ?AT ADMIRABLE SPIRIT ( ORGANIZATION 9H]5T 9 ! PEOPLE1 ABOVE ALL 9 EV]Y SOCIAL GRADE ( ! ,FR5* NATION1#b BUT :I* !Y HAVE SO SELDOM BE5 ALL[$ TO EX]CISE1 WILL 9ITIATE1 EV5 9 SO HUGE A CITY AS ,P>IS1 & 9 ! MID/ ( A ,REVOLUTION1 AN IMM5SE GUILD ( FREE WORK]S1 READY TO FURNI% TO EA* & ALL ! NECESS>Y FOOD4 

,GIVE ! PEOPLE A FREE H&1 & 9 T5 DAYS ! FOOD S]VICE WILL BE CONDUCT$ ) ADMIRABLE REGUL>ITY4 ,ONLY ?OSE :O HAVE NEV] SE5 ! PEOPLE H>D AT WORK1 ONLY ?OSE :O HAVE PASS$ !IR LIVES BURI$ AMONG DOCUM5TS1 CAN D\BT IT4 ,SPEAK ( ! ORGANIZ+ G5IUS ( ! 0,GREAT ,MISUND]/OOD10 ! PEOPLE1 TO ?OSE :O HAVE SE5 IT 9  ,P>IS 9 ! DAYS ( ! B>RICADES1 OR 9 ,LONDON DUR+ ! GREAT DOCK]S /RIKE1 :5 HALF A MILLION ( />V+ FOLK HAD TO BE F$1 & !Y WILL TELL Y\ H[ SUP]IOR IT IS TO ! (FICIAL 9EPTNESS ( ,BUMBL$OM4 

,& EV5 SUPPOS+ WE HAD TO 5DURE A C]TA9 AM\NT ( DISCOM=T & CONFUSION = A =TNI<T OR A MON?1 SURELY ?AT W\LD NOT MATT] V]Y MU*4 ,= ! MASS ( ! PEOPLE IT W\LD /ILL BE AN IMPROVEM5T ON !IR =M] CONDITION2 &1 BESIDES1 9 TIMES ( ,REVOLUTION ONE CAN D9E CONT5T$LY 5\< ON A BIT ( BREAD & *EESE :ILE EAG]LY DISCUSS+ EV5TS4 

,9 ANY CASE1 A SY/EM :I* SPR+S UP SPONTANE\SLY1 UND] /RESS ( IMM$IATE NE$1 WILL BE 9F9ITELY PREF]ABLE TO ANY?+ 9V5T$ BETWE5 F\R WALLS BY HIDE-B\ND !ORI/S SITT+ ON ANY NUMB] ( COMMITTEES4 

,I,V 

,! PEOPLE ( ! GREAT T[NS WILL BE DRIV5 BY =CE ( CIRCUM/ANCES TO TAKE POSSESSION ( ALL ! PROVISIONS1 BEG9N+ ) ! B>E/ NECESS>IES1 & GRADUALLY EXT5D+ ,COMMUNISM TO O!R ?+S1 9 ORD] TO SATISFY ! NE$S ( ALL ! CITIZ5S4 

,! SOON] IT IS DONE ! BETT]2 ! SOON] IT IS DONE ! LESS MIS]Y !RE WILL BE & ! LESS /RIFE4 

,BUT UPON :AT BASIS MU/ SOCIETY BE ORGANIZ$ 9 ORD] ?AT ALL MAY %>E & %>E ALIKE8 ,?IS IS ! QUE/ION ?AT MEETS US AT ! \TSET4 

,WE ANSW] ?AT !RE >E NO TWO WAYS ( IT4 

 ,!RE IS ONLY ONE WAY 9 :I* ,COMMUNISM CAN BE E/ABLI%$ EQUITABLY1 ONLY ONE WAY :I* SATISFIES \R 9/9CTS ( JU/ICE & IS AT ! SAME TIME PRACTICAL1 NAMELY1 ! SY/EM ALREADY ADOPT$ BY ! AGR>IAN COMMUNES ( ,EUROPE4 

,TAKE = EXAMPLE A PEASANT COMMUNE1 NO MATT] :]E1 EV5 9 ,FRANCE1 :]E ! ,JACOB9S HAVE1 DONE !IR BE/ TO DE/ROY ALL COMMUNAL USAGE4 ,IF ! COMMUNE POSSESSES WOODS & COPSES1 !N1 SO LONG AS !RE IS PL5TY ( WOOD = ALL1 EV]Y ONE CAN TAKE AS MU* AS HE WANTS1 )\T O!R LET OR H9DRANCE ?AN ! PUBLIC OP9ION ( HIS NEI<BORS4 ,AS TO ! TIMB]-TREES1 :I* >E ALWAYS SC>CE1 !Y HAVE TO BE C>EFULLY APPORTION$4 

,! SAME ) ! COMMUNAL PA/URE L&2 :ILE !RE IS 5\< & TO SP>E1 NO LIMIT IS PUT TO :AT ! CATTLE ( EA* HOME/EAD MAY CONSUME1 NOR TO ! NUMB] ( BEA/S GRAZ+ UPON ! PA/URES4 ,GRAZ+ GR\NDS >E NOT DIVID$1 NOR IS FODD] DOL$ \T1 UNLESS !RE IS SC>CITY4 ,ALL ! ,SWISS COMMUNES1 & MANY ( ?OSE 9 ,FRANCE & ,G]MANY TOO1 :]EV] !RE IS COMMUNAL PA/URE L&1 PRACTICE ?IS SY/EM4 

,& 9 ! C\NTRIES ( ,EA/]N ,EUROPE1 :]E !RE >E GREAT =E/S & NO SC>CITY ( L&1 Y\ F9D ! PEASANTS FELL+ ! TREES AS !Y NE$ !M1 & CULTIVAT+ AS MU* ( ! SOIL AS !Y REQUIRE1 )\T ANY ?\<T ( LIMIT+ EA* MAN'S %>E ( TIMB] OR ( L&4 ,BUT ! TIMB] WILL BE DIVID$1 & ! L& P>CEL$ \T1 TO EA* H\SEHOLD ACCORD+ TO ITS NE$S1 AS SOON AS EI!R BECOMES SC>CE1 AS IS ALREADY ! CASE 9 ,RUSSIA4 

,9 A WORD1 ! SY/EM IS ?IS3 NO /9T OR LIMIT TO :AT ! COMMUNITY POSSESSES 9 ABUNDANCE1 BUT EQUAL %>+ & DIVID+ ( ?OSE COMMODITIES :I* >E SC>CE OR APT TO RUN %ORT4 ,( ! ?REE HUNDR$ & FIFTY MILLIONS :O 9HABIT ,EUROPE1 TWO HUNDR$ MILLIONS /ILL FOLL[ ?IS SY/EM ( NATURAL ,COMMUNISM4 

,IT IS A FACT WOR? REM>K+ ?AT ! SAME SY/EM PREVAILS 9 ! GREAT T[NS 9 ! DI/RIBUTION ( ONE COMMODITY AT LEA/1 :I* IS F\ND 9 ABUNDANCE1 ! WAT] SUPPLI$ TO EA* H\SE4 

,AS LONG AS !RE IS NO FE> ( ! SUPPLY RUNN+ %ORT1 NO WAT] COMPANY ?9KS ( *ECK+ ! CONSUMPTION ( WAT] 9 EA* H\SE4 ,TAKE :AT Y\ PLEASE6 ,BUT DUR+ ! GREAT DR\<TS1 IF !RE IS ANY FE> ( SUPPLY FAIL+1 ! WAT] COMPANIES KN[ ?AT ALL !Y HAVE TO DO IS TO MAKE KN[N ! FACT1 BY MEANS ( A %ORT ADV]TISEM5T 9 ! PAP]S1 & ! CITIZ5S WILL R$UCE !IR CONSUMPTION ( WAT] & NOT LET IT RUN TO WA/E4 

,BUT IF WAT] W]E ACTUALLY SC>CE1 :AT W\LD BE DONE8 ,REC\RSE W\LD BE HAD TO A SY/EM ( RATIONS4 ,SU* A MEASURE IS SO NATURAL1 SO 9H]5T 9 COMMON S5SE1 ?AT ,P>IS TWICE ASK$ TO BE PUT ON RATIONS DUR+ ! TWO SIEGES :I* IT UND]W5T 9 #a#h#g#a4 

,IS IT NECESS>Y TO GO 9TO DETAILS1 TO PREP>E TABLES %[+ H[ ! DI/RIBUTION ( RATIONS MAY WORK1 TO PROVE ?AT IT IS JU/ & EQUITABLE1 9F9ITELY MORE JU/ & EQUITABLE ?AN ! EXI/+ /ATE ( ?+S8 ,ALL !SE TABLES & DETAILS WILL NOT S]VE TO CONV9CE ?OSE ( ! MIDDLE CLASSES1 NOR1 ALAS1 ?OSE 

 ( ! WORK]S TA9T$ ) MIDDLE-CLASS PREJUDICES1 :O REG>D ! PEOPLE AS A MOB ( SAVAGES READY TO FALL UPON & DEV\R EA* O!R1 DIRECTLY ! ,GOV]NM5T CEASES TO DIRECT AFFAIRS4 ,BUT ?OSE ONLY :O HAVE NEV] SE5 ! PEOPLE RESOLVE & ACT ON !IR [N 9ITIATIVE C\LD D\BT = A MOM5T ?AT IF ! MASSES W]E MA/]S ( ! SITUATION1 !Y W\LD DI/RIBUTE RATIONS TO EA* & ALL 9 /RICTE/ ACCORDANCE ) JU/ICE & EQUITY4 

,IF Y\ W]E TO GIVE UTT]ANCE1 9 ANY GA!R+ ( PEOPLE1 TO ! OP9ION ?AT DELICACIES--GAME & SU*-LIKE--%\LD BE RES]V$ = ! FA/IDI\S PALATES ( >I/OCRATIC IDL]S1 & BLACK BREAD GIV5 TO ! SICK 9 ! HOSPITALS1 Y\ W\LD BE HISS$4 ,BUT SAY AT ! SAME GA!R+1 PREA* AT ! /REET CORN]S & 9 ! M>KET PLACES1 ?AT ! MO/ TEMPT+ DELICACIES \<T TO BE KEPT = ! SICK & FEEBLE--ESPECIALLY = ! SICK4 ,SAY ?AT IF !RE >E ONLY FIVE BRACE ( P>TRIDGE 9 ! 5TIRE CITY1 & ONLY ONE CASE ( %]RY W9E1 !Y %\LD GO TO SICK PEOPLE & CONVALESC5TS4 ,SAY ?AT AFT] ! SICK COME ! *ILDR54 ,= !M ! MILK ( ! C[S & GOATS %\LD BE RES]V$ IF !RE IS NOT 5\< = ALL4 ,TO ! *ILDR5 & ! AG$ ! LA/ PIECE ( MEAT1 & TO ! /RONG MAN DRY BREAD1 IF ! COMMUNITY BE R$UC$ TO ?AT EXTREMITY4 

,SAY1 9 A WORD1 ?AT IF ?IS OR ?AT >TICLE ( CONSUMPTION RUNS %ORT1 & HAS TO BE DOL$ \T1 TO ?OSE :O HAVE MO/ NE$ MO/ %\LD BE GIV54 ,SAY ?AT & SEE IF Y\ DO NOT MEET ) UNIV]SAL AGREEM5T4 

,! MAN :O IS FULL-F$ DOES NOT UND]/& ?IS1  BUT ! PEOPLE DO UND]/&1 HAVE ALWAYS UND]/OOD IT2 & EV5 ! *ILD ( LUXURY1 IF HE IS ?R[N ON ! /REET & COMES 9TO CONTACT ) ! MASSES1 EV5 HE WILL LE>N TO UND]/&4 

,! !ORI/S--= :OM ! SOLDI]'S UNI=M & ! B>RACK MESS TABLE >E CIVILIZATION'S LA/ WORD--W\LD LIKE NO D\BT TO />T A REGIME ( ,NATIONAL ,KIT*5S & 0,SP>TAN ,BRO?40 ,!Y W\LD PO9T \T ! ADVANTAGES !REBY GA9$1 ! ECONOMY 9 FUEL & FOOD1 IF SU* HUGE KIT*5S W]E E/ABLI%$1 :]E EV]Y ONE C\LD COME = !IR RATIONS ( S\P & BREAD & VEGETABLES4 

,WE DO NOT QUE/ION !SE ADVANTAGES4 ,WE >E WELL AW>E ?AT IMPORTANT ECONOMIES HAVE ALREADY BE5 A*IEV$ 9 ?IS DIRECTION--AS1 = 9/ANCE1 :5 ! H&MILL1 OR QU]N1 & ! BAK]'S OV5 ATTA*$ TO EA* H\SE W]E AB&ON$4 ,WE CAN SEE P]FECTLY WELL ?AT IT W\LD BE MORE ECONOMICAL TO COOK BRO? = A HUNDR$ FAMILIES AT ONCE1 9/EAD ( LI<T+ A HUNDR$ SEP>ATE FIRES4 ,WE KN[1 BESIDES1 ?AT !RE >E A ?\S& WAYS ( DO+ UP POTATOES1 BUT ?AT COOK$ 9 ONE HUGE POT = A HUNDR$ FAMILIES !Y W\LD BE JU/ AS GOOD4 

,WE KN[1 9 FACT1 ?AT V>IETY 9 COOK+ BE+ A MATT] ( ! SEASON+ 9TRODUC$ BY EA* COOK OR H\SEWIFE1 ! COOK+ TOGE!R ( A HUNDR$ WEI<T ( POTATOES W\LD NOT PREV5T EA* COOK OR H\SEWIFE FROM DRESS+ & S]V+ !M 9 ANY WAY %E PLEAS$4 ,& WE KN[ ?AT /OCK MADE FROM MEAT CAN BE CONV]T$ 9TO A HUNDR$ DIFF]5T S\PS TO SUIT A HUNDR$ DIFF]5T TA/ES4 

,BUT ?\< WE >E QUITE AW>E ( ALL !SE FACTS1  WE /ILL MA9TA9 ?AT NO ONE HAS A RI<T TO =CE ! H\SEWIFE TO TAKE H] POTATOES FROM ! COMMUNAL KIT*5 READY COOK$ IF %E PREF]S TO COOK !M H]SELF 9 H] [N POT ON H] [N FIRE4 ,&1 ABOVE ALL1 WE %\LD WI% EA* ONE TO BE FREE TO TAKE HIS MEALS ) HIS FAMILY1 OR ) HIS FRI5DS1 OR EV5 9 A RE/AURANT1 IF SO IT SEEM$ GOOD TO HIM4 

,NATURALLY L>GE PUBLIC KIT*5S WILL SPR+ UP TO TAKE ! PLACE ( ! RE/AURANTS1 :]E PEOPLE >E POISON$ N[ADAYS4 ,ALREADY ! ,P>ISIAN H\SEWIFE GETS ! /OCK = H] S\P FROM ! BUT*] & TRANS=MS IT 9TO :ATEV] S\P %E LIKES1 & ,LONDON H\SEKEEP]S KN[ ?AT !Y CAN HAVE A JO9T ROA/$1 OR AN APPLE OR RHUB>B T>T BAK$ AT ! BAK]'S = A TRIFL+ SUM1 ?US ECONOMIZ+ TIME & FUEL4 ,& :5 ! COMMUNAL KIT*5--! COMMON BAKEH\SE ( ! FUTURE--IS E/ABLI%$1 & PEOPLE CAN GET !IR FOOD COOK$ )\T ! RISK ( BE+ *EAT$ OR POISON$1 ! CU/OM WILL NO D\BT BECOME G5]AL ( GO+ TO ! COMMUNAL KIT*5 = ! FUNDAM5TAL P>TS ( ! MEAL1 LEAV+ ! LA/ T\*ES TO BE ADD$ AS 9DIVIDUAL TA/E %ALL SUGGE/4 

,BUT TO MAKE A H>D & FA/ RULE ( ?IS1 TO MAKE A DUTY ( TAK+ HOME \R FOOD READY COOK$1 ?AT W\LD BE AS REPUGNANT TO \R MOD]N M9DS AS ! IDEAS ( ! CONV5T OR ! B>RACK--MORBID IDEAS BORN 9 BRA9S W>P$ BY TYRANNY OR SUP]/ITION4 

0,:O WILL HAVE A RI<T TO ! FOOD ( ! COMMUNE80 WILL ASSUR$LY BE ! FIR/ QUE/ION :I* WE %ALL HAVE TO ASK \RSELVES4 ,EV]Y T[N%IP WILL ANSW] = ITSELF1 & WE >E CONV9C$ ?AT 

 ! ANSW]S WILL ALL BE DICTAT$ BY ! S5TIM5T ( JU/ICE4 ,UNTIL LABOR IS REORGANIZ$1 AS LONG AS ! DI/URB$ P]IOD LA/S1 & :ILE IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO DI/+UI% BETWE5 9VET]ATE IDL]S & G5U9E WORK]S ?R[N \T ( WORK1 ! AVAILABLE FOOD \<T TO BE %>$ BY ALL )\T EXCEPTION4 ,?OSE :O HAVE BE5 5EMIES TO ! NEW ORD] WILL HA/5 ( !IR [N ACCORD TO RID ! COMMUNE ( !IR PRES5CE4 ,BUT IT SEEMS TO US ?AT ! MASSES ( ! PEOPLE1 :I* HAVE ALWAYS BE5 MAGNANIM\S1 & HAVE NO?+ ( V9DICTIV5ESS 9 !IR DISPOSITION1 WILL BE READY TO %>E !IR BREAD ) ALL :O REMA9 ) !M1 CONQU]$ & CONQU]ORS ALIKE4 ,IT WILL BE NO LOSS TO ! ,REVOLUTION TO BE 9SPIR$ BY SU* AN IDEA1 &1 :5 WORK IS SET AGO+ AGA91 ! ANTAGONI/S ( YE/]DAY WILL /& SIDE BY SIDE 9 ! SAME WORK%OPS4 ,A SOCIETY :]E WORK IS FREE WILL HAVE NO?+ TO FE> FROM IDL]S4 

0,BUT PROVISIONS WILL RUN %ORT 9 A MON?60 \R CRITICS AT ONCE EXCLAIM4 

0,SO MU* ! BETT]10 SAY WE4 ,IT WILL PROVE ?AT = ! FIR/ TIME ON RECORD ! PEOPLE HAVE HAD 5\< TO EAT4 ,AS TO ! QUE/ION ( OBTA9+ FRE% SUPPLIES1 WE %ALL DISCUSS ! MEANS 9 \R NEXT *APT]4 

,V 

,BY :AT MEANS C\LD A CITY 9 A /ATE ( REVOLUTION BE SUPPLI$ ) FOOD8 ,WE %ALL ANSW] ?IS QUE/ION1 BUT IT IS OBVI\S ?AT ! MEANS RESORT$ TO WILL DEP5D ON ! *>ACT] ( ! ,REVOLUTION 9 !  PROV9CES1 & 9 NEI<BOR+ C\NTRIES4 ,IF ! 5TIRE NATION1 OR1 BETT] /ILL1 IF ALL ,EUROPE %\LD ACCOMPLI% ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION SIMULTANE\SLY1 & />T ) ?OR\<-GO+ ,COMMUNISM1 \R PROC$URE W\LD BE SIMPLIFI$2 BUT IF ONLY A FEW COMMUNITIES 9 ,EUROPE MAKE ! ATTEMPT1 O!R MEANS WILL HAVE TO BE *OS54 ,! CIRCUM/ANCES WILL DICTATE ! MEASURES4 

,WE >E ?US L$1 BE=E WE PROCE$ FUR!R1 TO GLANCE AT ! /ATE ( ,EUROPE1 &1 )\T PRET5D+ TO PROPHESY1 WE MAY TRY TO =ESEE :AT C\RSE ! ,REVOLUTION WILL TAKE1 OR AT LEA/ :AT WILL BE ITS ESS5TIAL FEATURES4 

,C]TA9LY IT W\LD BE V]Y DESIRABLE ?AT ALL ,EUROPE %\LD RISE AT ONCE1 ?AT EXPROPRIATION %\LD BE G5]AL1 & ?AT COMMUNI/IC PR9CIPLES %\LD 9SPIRE ALL & SUNDRY4 ,SU* A UNIV]SAL RIS+ W\LD DO MU* TO SIMPLIFY ! TASK ( \R C5TURY4 

,BUT ALL ! SIGNS LEAD US TO BELIEVE ?AT IT WILL NOT TAKE PLACE4 ,?AT ! ,REVOLUTION WILL EMBRACE ,EUROPE WE DO NOT D\BT4 ,IF ONE ( ! F\R GREAT CONT95TAL CAPITALS--,P>IS1 ,VI5NA1 ,BRUSSELS1 OR ,B]L9--RISES 9 REVOLUTION & OV]TURNS ITS ,GOV]NM5T1 IT IS ALMO/ C]TA9 ?AT ! ?REE O!RS WILL FOLL[ ITS EXAMPLE )9 A FEW WEEKS' TIME4 ,IT IS1 MOREOV]1 HI<LY PROBABLE ?AT ! ,P59SULAS & EV5 ,LONDON & ,/4 ,PET]SBURG W\LD NOT BE LONG 9 FOLL[+ SUIT4 ,BUT :E!R ! ,REVOLUTION W\LD EV]Y:]E EXHIBIT ! SAME *>ACT]I/ICS IS D\BTFUL4 

,?\< IT IS MORE ?AN PROBABLE ?AT EXPROPRIATION WILL BE EV]Y:]E C>RI$ 9TO EFFECT ON 

 A L>G] OR SMALL] SCALE1 & ?AT ?IS POLICY C>RI$ \T BY ANY ONE ( ! GREAT NATIONS ( ,EUROPE WILL 9FLU5CE ALL ! RE/2 YET ! BEG9N+S ( ! ,REVOLUTION WILL EXHIBIT GREAT LOCAL DIFF]5CES1 & ITS C\RSE WILL V>Y 9 DIFF]5T C\NTRIES4 ,9 #a#g#h#i-#i#c1 ! ,FR5* PEASANTRY TOOK F\R YE>S TO F9ALLY RID !MSELVES ( ! R$EMPTION ( FEUDAL RI<TS1 & ! B\RGEOIS TO OV]?R[ ROYALTY4 ,LET US KEEP ?AT 9 M9D1 !RE=E1 & BE PREP>$ TO SEE ! ,REVOLUTION DEVELOP ITSELF SOME:AT GRADUALLY4 ,LET US NOT BE DI%E>T5$ IF H]E & !RE ITS /EPS %\LD MOVE LESS RAPIDLY4 ,:E!R IT W\LD TAKE AN AV[$LY SOCIALI/ *>ACT] 9 ALL ,EUROPEAN NATIONS1 AT ANY RATE AT ! BEG9N+1 IS D\BTFUL4 ,G]MANY1 BE IT REMEMB]$1 IS /ILL REALIZ+ ITS DREAM ( A ,UNIT$ ,EMPIRE4 ,ITS ADVANC$ P>TIES SEE VISIONS ( A ,JACOB9 ,REPUBLIC LIKE ?AT ( #a#h#d#h1 & ( ! ORGANIZATION ( LABOR ACCORD+ TO ,L\IS ,BLANC2 :ILE ! ,FR5* PEOPLE1 ON ! O!R H&1 WANT ABOVE ALL ?+S A FREE ,COMMUNE1 :E!R IT BE A COMMUNI/ ,COMMUNE OR NOT4 

,!RE IS EV]Y REASON TO BELIEVE ?AT1 :5 ! COM+ ,REVOLUTION TAKES PLACE1 ,G]MANY WILL GO FUR!R ?AN ,FRANCE W5T 9 #a#g#i#c4 ,! EI<TE5? C5TURY ,REVOLUTION 9 ,FRANCE WAS AN ADVANCE ON ! ,5GLI% ,REVOLUTION ( ! SEV5TE5?1 ABOLI%+ AS IT DID AT ONE /ROKE ! P[] ( ! ?RONE & ! L&$ >I/OCRACY1 :OSE 9FLU5CE /ILL SURVIVES 9 ,5GL&4 ,BUT1 IF ,G]MANY GOES FUR!R & DOES GREAT] ?+S ?AN ,FRANCE DID 9 #a#g#i#c1 !RE CAN BE NO D\BT ?AT ! IDEAS :I*  WILL FO/] ! BIR? ( H] ,REVOLUTION WILL BE ?OSE ( #a#h#d#h1 AS ! IDEAS :I* WILL 9SPIRE ! ,REVOLUTION 9 ,RUSSIA WILL BE ?OSE ( #a#g#h#i1 MODIFI$ SOME:AT BY ! 9TELLECTUAL MOVEM5TS ( \R [N C5TURY4 

,)\T1 H[EV]1 ATTA*+ TO !SE =ECA/ A GREAT] IMPORTANCE ?AN !Y M]IT1 WE MAY SAFELY CONCLUDE ?IS MU*3 ! ,REVOLUTION WILL TAKE A DIFF]5T *>ACT] 9 EA* ( ! DIFF]5T ,EUROPEAN NATIONS2 ! PO9T ATTA9$ 9 ! SOCIALIZATION ( WEAL? WILL NOT BE EV]Y:]E ! SAME4 

,WILL IT !RE=E BE NECESS>Y1 AS IS SOMETIMES SUGGE/$1 ?AT ! NATIONS 9 ! VANGU>D ( ! MOVEM5T %\LD ADAPT !IR PACE TO ?OSE :O LAG BEH9D8 ,MU/ WE WAIT TILL ! ,COMMUNI/ ,REVOLUTION IS RIPE 9 ALL CIVILIZ$ C\NTRIES8 ,CLE>LY NOT6 ,EV5 IF IT W]E A ?+ TO BE DESIR$ IT IS NOT POSSIBLE4 ,HI/ORY DOES NOT WAIT = ! LAGG>DS4 

,BESIDES1 WE DO NOT BELIEVE ?AT 9 ANY ONE C\NTRY ! ,REVOLUTION WILL BE ACCOMPLI%$ AT A /ROKE1 9 ! TW9KL+ ( AN EYE1 AS SOME SOCIALI/S DREAM4 ,IT IS HI<LY PROBABLE ?AT IF ONE ( ! FIVE OR SIX L>GE T[NS ( ,FRANCE--,P>IS1 ,LYONS1 ,M>SEILLES1 ,LILLE1 ,SA9T-,ETI5NE1 ,BORDEAUX--W]E TO PROCLAIM ! ,COMMUNE1 ! O!RS W\LD FOLL[ ITS EXAMPLE1 & ?AT MANY1 SMALL] T[NS W\LD DO ! SAME4 ,PROBABLY ALSO V>I\S M9+ DI/RICTS & 9DU/RIAL C5T]S W\LD HA/5 TO RID !MSELVES ( 0[N]S0 & 0MA/]S10 & =M !MSELVES 9TO FREE GR\PS4 

,BUT MANY C\NTRY PLACES HAVE NOT ADVANC$ 

 TO ?AT PO9T4 ,SIDE BY SIDE ) ! REVOLUTIONIZ$ COMMUNES SU* PLACES W\LD REMA9 9 AN EXPECTANT ATTITUDE1 & W\LD GO ON LIV+ ON ! ,9DIVIDUALI/ SY/EM4 ,UNDI/URB$ BY VISITS ( ! BAILIFF OR ! TAX-COLLECTOR1 ! PEASANTS W\LD NOT BE HO/ILE TO ! REVOLUTION>IES1 & ?US1 :ILE PR(IT+ BY ! NEW /ATE ( AFFAIRS !Y W\LD DEF] ! SETTLEM5T ( ACC\NTS ) ! LOCAL EXPLOIT]S3 ,BUT ) ?AT PRACTICAL 5?USIASM :I* ALWAYS *>ACT]IZES AGR>IAN UPRIS+S 7WITNESS ! PASSIONATE TOIL ( #a#g#i#b7 !Y W\LD ?R[ !MSELVES 9TO ! TASK ( CULTIVAT+ ! L&1 :I*1 FRE$ FROM TAXES & MORTGAGES1 W\LD BECOME SO MU* DE>] TO !M4 

,AS TO ABROAD1 REVOLUTION W\LD BREAK \T EV]Y :]E1 BUT REVOLUTION UND] DIV]SE ASPECTS1 9 ONE C\NTRY ,/ATE ,SOCIALISM1 9 ANO!R ,F$]ATION2 EV]Y:]E MORE OR LESS ,SOCIALISM1 NOT CON=M+ TO ANY P>TICUL> RULE4 

,V,I 

,LET US N[ RETURN TO \R CITY 9 REVOLT1 & CONSID] H[ ITS CITIZ5S CAN PROVIDE FOOD/UFFS = !MSELVES4 ,H[ >E ! NECESS>Y PROVISIONS TO BE OBTA9$ IF ! NATION AS A :OLE HAS NOT ACCEPT$ ,COMMUNISM8 ,?IS IS ! QUE/ION TO BE SOLV$4 ,TAKE1 = EXAMPLE1 ONE ( ! L>GE ,FR5* T[NS--TAKE ! CAPITAL ITSELF1 = ?AT MATT]4 ,P>IS CONSUMES EV]Y YE> ?\S&S ( TONS ( GRA91 #c#e1 HEAD ( OX51 #b1 CALVES1 #c1 SW9E1 & MORE ?AN TWO MILLIONS ( %EEP1 BESIDES GREAT  QUANTITIES ( GAME4 ,?IS HUGE CITY DEV\RS1 BESIDES1 #ah MILLION P\NDS ( BUTT]1 #agb MILLION EGGS1 & O!R PRODUCE 9 LIKE PROPORTION4 

,IT IMPORTS FL\R & GRA9 FROM ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES & FROM ,RUSSIA1 ,HUNG>Y1 ,ITALY1 ,EGYPT1 & ! ,9DIES2 LIVE /OCK FROM ,G]MANY1 ,ITALY1 ,SPA9--EV5 ,ROMANIA & ,RUSSIA2 & AS = GROC]IES1 !RE IS NOT A C\NTRY 9 ! WORLD ?AT IT DOES NOT LAY UND] CONTRIBUTION4 ,N[1 LET US SEE H[ ,P>IS OR ANY O!R GREAT T[N C\LD BE REVICTUALL$ BY HOMEGR[N PRODUCE1 SUPPLIES ( :I* C\LD BE READILY & WILL+LY S5T 9 FROM ! PROV9CES4 

,TO ?OSE :O PUT !IR TRU/ 9 0AU?ORITY0 ! QUE/ION WILL APPE> QUITE SIMPLE4 ,!Y W\LD BEG9 BY E/ABLI%+ A /RONGLY C5TRALIZ$ ,GOV]NM5T1 FURNI%$ WVI? ALL ! MA*9]Y ( CO]CION--! POLICE1 ! >MY1 ! GUILLOT9E4 ,?IS ,GOV]NM5T W\LD DRAW UP A /ATEM5T ( ALL ! PRODUCE CONTA9$ 9 ,FRANCE4 ,IT W\LD DIVIDE ! C\NTRY 9TO DI/RICTS ( SUPPLY1 & !N COMM& ?AT A PRESCRIB$ QUANTITY ( SOME P>TICUL> FOOD/UFF BE S5T TO SU* A PLACE ON SU* A DAY1 & DELIV]$ AT SU* A /ATION1 TO BE !RE RECEIV$ ON A GIV5 DAY BY A SPECIFI$ (FICIAL & /OR$ 9 P>TICUL> W>EH\SES4 

,N[1 WE DECL>E ) ! FULLE/ CONVICTION1 NOT M]ELY ?AT SU* A SOLUTION IS UNDESIRABLE1 BUT ?AT IT NEV] C\LD BY ANY POSSIBILITY BE PUT 9TO PRACTICE4 ,IT IS WILDLY ,UTOPIAN6 

,P5 9 H&1 ONE MAY DREAM SU* A DREAM 9 ! /UDY1 BUT 9 CONTACT ) REALITY IT COMES TO NO?+2 =1 LIKE ALL SU* !ORIES1 IT LEAVES \T (  ACC\NT ! SPIRIT ( 9DEP5D5CE ?AT IS 9 MAN4 ,! ATTEMPT W\LD LEAD TO A UNIV]SAL UPRIS+1 TO ?REE OR F\R ,V5DEES1 TO ! VILLAGES RIS+ AGA9/ ! T[NS1 ALL ! C\NTRY UP 9 >MS DEFY+ ! CITY = ITS >ROGANCE 9 ATTEMPT+ TO IMPOSE SU* A SY/EM UPON ! C\NTRY4 

,WE HAVE ALREADY HAD TOO MU* ( ,JACOB9 ,UTOPIAS6 ,LET US SEE IF SOME O!R =M ( ORGANIZATION WILL MEET ! CASE4 

,9 #agic ! PROV9CES />V$ ! L>GE T[NS1 & KILL$ ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,& YET IT IS A KN[N FACT ?AT ! PRODUCTION ( GRA9 9 ,FRANCE DUR+ #a#g#i#b-#i#c HAD NOT DIM9I%$2 9DE$ ! EVID5CE GOES TO %[ ?AT IT HAD 9CREAS$4 ,BUT AFT] HAV+ TAK5 POSSESSION ( ! MANORIAL L&S1 AFT] HAV+ REAP$ A H>VE/ FROM !M1 ! PEASANTS W\LD NOT P>T ) !IR GRA9 = PAP]-MONEY4 ,!Y )HELD !IR PRODUCE1 WAIT+ = A RISE 9 ! PRICE1 OR ! 9TRODUCTION ( GOLD4 ,! MO/ RIGOR\S MEASURES ( ! ,NATIONAL ,CONV5TION W]E )\T AVAIL1 & EV5 ! FE> ( DEA? FAIL$ TO BREAK UP ! R+1 OR =CE ITS MEMB]S TO SELL !IR CORN4 ,= IT IS MATT] ( HI/ORY ?AT ! COMMISS>IES ( ! ,CONV5TION DID NOT SCRUPLE TO GUILLOT9E ?OSE :O )HELD !IR GRA9 FROM ! M>KET1 & PITILESSLY EXECUT$ ?OSE :O SPECULAT$ 9 FOOD/UFFS4 ,ALL ! SAME1 ! CORN WAS NOT =?COM+1 & ! T[NSFOLK SUFF]$ FROM FAM9E4 

,BUT :AT WAS (F]$ TO ! HUSB&MAN 9 EX*ANGE = HIS H>D TOIL8 ,ASSIGNATS1 SCRAPS ( PAP] DECREAS+ 9 VALUE EV]Y DAY1 PROMISES 

 ( PAYM5T1 :I* C\LD NOT BE KEPT4 ,A =TY-P\ND NOTE W\LD NOT PUR*ASE A PAIR ( BOOTS1 & ! PEASANT1 V]Y NATURALLY1 WAS NOT ANXI\S TO B>T] A YE>'S TOIL = A PIECE ( PAP] ) :I* HE C\LD NOT EV5 BUY A %IRT4 

,AS LONG AS WOR?LESS PAP] MONEY--:E!R CALL$ ASSIGNATS OR LABOR NOTES--IS (F]$ TO ! PEASANT-PRODUC] IT WILL ALWAYS BE ! SAME4 ,! C\NTRY WILL )HOLD ITS PRODUCE1 & ! T[NS WILL SUFF] WANT1 EV5 IF ! RECALCITRANT PEASANTS >E GUILLOT9$ AS BE=E4 

,WE MU/ (F] TO ! PEASANT 9 EX*ANGE = HIS TOIL NOT WOR?LESS PAP] MONEY1 BUT ! MANUFACTUR$ >TICLES ( :I* HE /&S 9 IMM$IATE NE$4 ,HE LACKS ! PROP] IMPLEM5TS TO TILL ! L&1 CLO!S TO PROTECT HIM PROP]LY FROM ! 9CLEM5CIES ( ! WEA!R1 LAMPS & OIL TO REPLACE HIS MIS]ABLE RU%LI<T OR TALL[ DIP1 SPADES1 RAKES1 PL[S4 ,ALL !SE ?+S1 UND] PRES5T CONDITIONS1 ! PEASANT IS =C$ TO DO )\T1 NOT BECAUSE HE DOES NOT FEEL ! NE$ ( !M1 BUT BECAUSE1 9 HIS LIFE ( /RUGGLE & PRIVATION1 A ?\S& USEFUL ?+S >E BEYOND HIS REA*2 BECAUSE HE HAS NO MONEY TO BUY !M4 

,LET ! T[N APPLY ITSELF1 )\T LOSS ( TIME1 TO MANUFACTUR+ ALL ?AT ! PEASANT NE$S1 9/EAD ( FA%ION+ GEWGAWS = ! WIVES ( RI* CITIZ5S4 ,LET ! SEW+ MA*9ES ( ,P>IS BE SET TO WORK ON CLO!S = ! C\NTRY-FOLK3 WORKADAY CLO!S & CLO!S = ,SUNDAY TOO1 9/EAD ( CO/LY EV5+ DRESSES4 ,LET ! FACTORIES & F\NDRIES TURN \T AGRICULTURAL IMPLEM5TS1 SPADES1 RAKES1  & SU*-LIKE1 9/EAD ( WAIT+ TILL ! ,5GLI% S5D !M TO ,FRANCE1 9 EX*ANGE = ,FR5* W9ES6 

,LET ! T[NS S5D NO MORE 9SPECTORS TO ! VILLAGES1 WE>+ R$1 BLUE1 OR RA9B[-COLOR$ SC>VES1 TO CONVEY TO ! PEASANT ORD]S TO TAKE HIS PRODUCE TO ?IS PLACE OR ?AT1 BUT LET !M S5D FRI5DLY EMBASSIES TO ! C\NTRY-FOLK & BID !M 9 BRO!RLY FA%ION3 0,BR+ US Y\R PRODUCE1 & TAKE FROM \R /ORES & %OPS ALL ! MANUFACTUR$ >TICLES Y\ PLEASE40 ,!N PROVISIONS W\LD P\R 9 ON EV]Y SIDE4 ,! PEASANT W\LD ONLY )HOLD :AT HE NE$$ = HIS [N USE1 & W\LD S5D ! RE/ 9TO ! CITIES1 FEEL+ = ! FR/ TIME 9 ! C\RSE ( HI/ORY ?AT !SE TOIL+ T[NSFOLK W]E HIS COMRADES--HIS BRE?R51 & NOT HIS EXPLOIT]S4 

,WE %ALL BE TOLD1 P]HAPS1 ?AT ?IS W\LD NECESSITATE A COMPLETE TRANS=MATION ( 9DU/RY4 ,WELL1 YES1 ?AT IS TRUE ( C]TA9 DEP>TM5TS2 BUT !RE >E O!R BRAN*ES :I* C\LD BE RAPIDLY MODIFI$ 9 SU* A WAY AS TO FURNI% ! PEASANT ) CLO!S1 WAT*ES1 FURNITURE1 & ! SIMPLE IMPLEM5TS = :I* ! T[NS MAKE HIM PAY SU* EXORBITANT PRICES AT ! PRES5T TIME4 ,WEAV]S1 TAILORS1 %OEMAK]S1 T9SMI?S1 CAB9ET-MAK]S1 & MANY O!R TRADES & CRAFTS C\LD EASILY DIRECT !IR 5]GIES TO ! MANUFACTURE ( USEFUL & NECESS>Y >TICLES1 & AB/A9 FROM PRODUC+ M]E LUXURIES4 ,ALL ?AT IS NE$$ IS ?AT ! PUBLIC M9D %\LD BE ?OR\<LY CONV9C$ ( ! NECESSITY ( ?IS TRANS=MATION1 & %\LD COME TO LOOK UPON IT AS AN ACT ( JU/ICE & ( PROGRESS1 & ?AT IT %\LD NO LONG] ALL[ ITSELF TO BE *EAT$ BY ?AT  DREAM1 SO DE> TO ! !ORI/S--! DREAM ( A REVOLUTION :I* CONF9ES ITSELF TO TAK+ POSSESSION ( ! PR(ITS ( 9DU/RY1 & LEAVES PRODUCTION & COMM]CE JU/ AS !Y >E N[4 

,?IS1 !N1 IS \R VIEW ( ! :OLE QUE/ION4 ,*EAT ! PEASANT NO LONG] ) SCRAPS ( PAP]--BE ! SUMS 9SCRIB$ UPON !M EV] SO L>GE2 BUT (F] HIM 9 EX*ANGE = HIS PRODUCE ! V]Y ?+S ( :I* HE1 ! TILL] ( ! SOIL1 /&S 9 NE$4 ,!N ! FRUITS ( ! L& WILL BE P\R$ 9TO ! T[NS4 ,IF ?IS IS NOT DONE !RE WILL BE FAM9E 9 \R CITIES1 & REACTION & DESPAIR WILL FOLL[ 9 ITS TRA94 

,V,I,I 

,ALL ! GREAT T[NS1 WE HAVE SAID1 BUY !IR GRA91 !IR FL\R1 & !IR MEAT1 NOT ONLY FROM ! PROV9CES1 BUT ALSO FROM ABROAD4 ,=EIGN C\NTRIES S5D ,P>IS SPICES1 FI%1 & V>I\S DA9TIES1 BESIDES IMM5SE QUANTITIES ( CORN & MEAT4 

,BUT :5 ! ,REVOLUTION COMES WE MU/ DEP5D ON =EIGN C\NTRIES AS LITTLE AS POSSIBLE4 ,IF ,RUSSIAN :EAT1 ,ITALIAN OR ,9DIAN RICE1 & ,SPANI% OR ,HUNG>IAN W9ES AB\ND 9 ! M>KETS ( WE/]N ,EUROPE1 IT IS NOT ?AT ! C\NTRIES :I* EXPORT !M HAVE A SUP]ABUNDANCE1 OR ?AT SU* A PRODUCE GR[S !RE ( ITSELF1 LIKE ! D&ELION 9 ! MEAD[S4 ,9 ,RUSSIA1 = 9/ANCE1 ! PEASANT WORKS SIXTE5 H\RS A DAY1 & HALF />VES FROM ?REE TO SIX MON?S EV]Y YE>1 9 ORD] TO EXPORT ! GRA9 ) :I* HE PAYS ! L&LORD & ! ,/ATE4 ,TO-DAY ! POLICE APPE>S 9 ! ,RUSSIAN VILLAGE  AS SOON AS ! H>VE/ IS GA!R$ 91 & SELLS ! PEASANT'S LA/ HORSE & LA/ C[ = >RE>S ( TAXES & R5T DUE TO ! L&LORD1 UNLESS ! VICTIM IMMOLATES HIMSELF ( HIS [N ACCORD BY SELL+ ! GRA9 TO ! EXPORT]S4 ,USUALLY1 RA!R ?AN P>T ) HIS LIVE /OCK AT A DISADVANTAGE1 HE KEEPS ONLY A N9E MON?S' SUPPLY ( GRA91 & SELLS ! RE/4 ,!N1 9 ORD] TO SU/A9 LIFE UNTIL ! NEXT H>VE/1 HE MIXES BIR*-B>K & T>ES ) HIS FL\R = ?REE MON?S1 IF IT HAS BE5 A GOOD YE>1 & = SIX IF IT HAS BE5 BAD1 :ILE 9 ,LONDON !Y >E EAT+ BISCUITS MADE ( HIS :EAT4 

,BUT AS SOON AS ! ,REVOLUTION COMES1 ! ,RUSSIAN PEASANT WILL KEEP BREAD 5\< = HIMSELF & HIS *ILDR52 ! ,ITALIAN & ,HUNG>IAN PEASANTS WILL DO ! SAME2 & ! ,H9DU1 LET US HOPE1 WILL PR(IT BY !SE GOOD EXAMPLES2 & ! F>M]S ( ,AM]ICA WILL H>DLY BE ABLE TO COV] ALL ! DEFICIT 9 GRA9 :I* ,EUROPE WILL EXP]I5CE4 ,SO IT WILL NOT DO TO C\NT ON !IR CONTRIBUTIONS ( :EAT & MAIZE SATISFY+ ALL ! WANTS4 

,S9CE ALL \R MIDDLE-CLASS CIVILIZATION IS BAS$ ON ! EXPLOITATION ( 9F]IOR RACES & C\NTRIES ) LESS ADVANC$ 9DU/RIAL SY/EMS1 ! ,REVOLUTION WILL CONF] A BOON AT ! V]Y \TSET1 BY M5AC+ ?AT 0CIVILIZATION10 & ALL[+ ! SO-CALL$ 9F]IOR RACES TO FREE !MSELVES4 

,BUT ?IS GREAT B5EFIT WILL MANIFE/ ITSELF BY A /EADY & M>K$ DIM9UTION ( ! FOOD SUPPLIES P\R+ 9TO ! GREAT CITIES ( WE/]N ,EUROPE4 

,IT IS DIFFICULT TO PR$ICT ! C\RSE ( AFFAIRS 9 ! PROV9CES4 ,ON ! ONE H& ! SLAVE ( !  SOIL WILL TAKE ADVANTAGE ( ! ,REVOLUTION TO /RAI<T5 HIS B[$ BACK4 ,9/EAD ( WORK+ F\RTE5 OR FIFTE5 H\RS A DAY1 AS HE DOES AT PRES5T1 HE WILL BE AT LIB]TY TO WORK ONLY HALF ?AT TIME1 :I* ( C\RSE W\LD HAVE ! EFFECT ( DECREAS+ ! PRODUCTION ( ! PR9CIPAL >TICLES ( CONSUMPTION--GRA9 & MEAT4 

,BUT1 ON ! O!R H&1 !RE WILL BE AN 9CREASE ( PRODUCTION AS SOON AS ! PEASANT REALIZES ?AT HE IS NO LONG] =C$ TO SUPPORT ! IDLE RI* BY HIS TOIL4 ,NEW TRACTS ( L& WILL BE CLE>$1 NEW & IMPROV$ MA*9ES SET A-GO+4 

0,NEV] WAS ! L& SO 5]GETICALLY CULTIVAT$ AS 9 #a#g#i#b1 :5 ! PEASANT HAD TAK5 BACK FROM ! L&LORD ! SOIL :I* HE HAD COVET$ SO LONG10 ,MI*ELET TELLS US1 SPEAK+ ( ! ,GREAT ,REVOLUTION4 

,BE=E LONG1 9T5SIVE CULTURE W\LD BE )9 ! REA* ( ALL4 ,IMPROV$ MA*9]Y1 *EMICAL MANURES1 & ALL SU* MATT]S W\LD BE COMMON PROP]TY4 ,BUT EV]Y?+ T5DS TO 9DICATE ?AT AT ! \TSET !RE W\LD BE A FALL+ (F 9 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS1 9 ,FRANCE AS ELSE:]E4 

,9 ANY CASE IT W\LD BE WISE/ TO C\NT UPON SU* A FALL+ (F ( CONTRIBUTIONS FROM ! PROV9CES AS WELL AS FROM ABROAD4 

,& H[ IS ?IS FALL+ (F TO BE MADE GOOD8 ,:Y1 9 HEAV5'S NAME1 BY SETT+ TO WORK \RSELVES6 ,NO NE$ TO RACK \R BRA9S = F>-FET*$ PANACEAS :5 ! REM$Y LIES CLOSE AT H&6 

,! L>GE T[NS MU/ UND]TAKE TO TILL ! SOIL1 LIKE ! C\NTRY DI/RICTS4 ,WE MU/ RETURN TO :AT BIOLOGY CALLS 0! 9TEGRATION ( FUNCTIONS0--AFT]  ! DIVISION ( LABOR ! TAK+ UP ( IT AS A :OLE--?IS IS ! C\RSE FOLL[$ ?R\<\T ,NATURE4 

,BESIDES1 PHILOSOPHY AP>T1 ! =CE ( CIRCUM/ANCES W\LD BR+ AB\T ?IS RESULT4 ,LET ,P>IS SEE ?AT AT ! 5D ( EI<T MON?S IT WILL BE RUNN+ %ORT ( BREAD1 & ,P>IS WILL SET TO WORK TO GR[ :EAT4 

0,:AT AB\T L&80 ,IT WILL NOT BE WANT+1 = IT IS R\ND ! GREAT T[NS1 & R\ND ,P>IS ESPECIALLY1 ?AT ! P>KS & PLEASURE GR\NDS ( ! L&$ G5TRY >E TO BE F\ND4 ,!SE ?\S&S ( ACRES ONLY AWAIT ! SKILL$ LABOR ( ! HUSB&MAN TO SURR\ND ,P>IS ) FIELDS 9F9ITELY MORE F]TILE & PRODUCTIVE ?AN ! /EPPES ( S\!RN ,RUSSIA1 :]E ! SOIL IS DRI$ UP BY ! SUN4 ,NOR WILL LABOR BE LACK+4 ,TO :AT %\LD ! TWO MILLION CITIZ5S ( ,P>IS TURN !IR ATT5TION :5 !Y W\LD BE NO LONG] CAT]+ = ! LUXURI\S FADS & AMUSEM5TS ( ,RUSSIAN PR9CES1 ,R\MANIAN GR&EES1 & WIVES ( ,B]L9 F9ANCI]S8 

,) ALL ! ME*ANICAL 9V5TIONS ( ! C5TURY2 ) ALL ! 9TELLIG5CE & TE*NICAL SKILL ( ! WORK] ACCU/OM$ TO DEAL ) COMPLICAT$ MA*9]Y2 ) 9V5TORS1 *EMI/S1 PR(ESSORS ( BOTANY1 PRACTICAL BOTANI/S LIKE ! M>KET G>D5]S ( ,G5NEVILLI]S2 ) ALL ! PLANT ?AT !Y C\LD USE = MULTIPLY+ & IMPROV+ MA*9]Y1 &1 F9ALLY1 ) ! ORGANIZ+ SPIRIT ( ! ,P>ISIAN PEOPLE1 !IR PLUCK & 5]GY--) ALL !SE AT ITS COMM&1 ! AGRICULTURE ( ! AN>*I/ ,COM MUNE ( ,P>IS W\LD BE A V]Y DIFF]5T ?+ FROM ! RUDE HUSB&RY ( ! ,>D5NES4 

,/EAM1 ELECTRICITY1 ! HEAT ( ! SUN1 & ! BREA? ( ! W9D1 WILL ]E LONG BE PRESS$ 9TO S]VICE4 ,! /EAM H>R[ & ! /EAM PL[ WILL QUICKLY DO ! R\< WORK ( PREP>ATION1 & ! SOIL1 ?US CLEAN$ & 5RI*$1 WILL ONLY NE$ ! 9TELLIG5T C>E ( MAN1 & ( WOMAN EV5 MORE ?AN MAN1 TO BE CLO!D ) LUXURIANT VEGETATION--NOT ONCE BUT ?REE OR F\R TIMES 9 ! YE>4 

,?US1 LE>N+ ! >T ( HORTICULTURE FROM EXP]TS1 & TRY+ EXP]IM5TS 9 DIFF]5T ME?ODS ON SMALL PAT*ES ( SOIL RES]V$ = ! PURPOSE1 VY+ ) EA* O!R TO OBTA9 ! BE/ RETURNS1 F9D+ 9 PHYSICAL EX]CISE1 )\T EXHAU/ION OR OV]WORK1 ! HEAL? & /R5G? :I* SO (T5 FLAGS 9 CITIES1--M51 WOM51 & *ILDR5 WILL GLADLY TURN TO ! LABOR ( ! FIELDS1 :5 IT IS NO LONG] A SLAVI% DRUDG]Y1 BUT HAS BECOME PLEASURE1 A FE/IVAL1 A R5EWAL ( HEAL? & JOY4 

0,!RE >E NO B>R5 L&S2 ! E>? IS WOR? :AT MAN IS WOR?0--?AT IS ! LA/ WORD ( MOD]N AGRICULTURE4 ,ASK ( ! E>? & %E WILL GIVE Y\ BREAD1 PROVID$ ?AT Y\ ASK >I<T4 

,A DI/RICT1 ?\< IT W]E AS SMALL AS ! DEP>T M5TS ( ! ,SE9E & ! ,SE9E-ET-,OISE1 & ) SO GREAT A CITY AS ,P>IS TO FE$1 W\LD BE PRACTICALLY SUFFICI5T TO GR[ UPON IT ALL ! FOOD SUPPLIES1 :I* O!RWISE MI<T FAIL TO REA* IT4 

,! COMB9ATION ( AGRICULTURE & 9DU/RY1 ! HUSB&MAN & ! ME*ANIC 9 ! SAME 9DIVIDUAL--?IS IS :AT AN>*I/ COMMUNISM WILL 9EVITABLY LEAD US TO1 IF IT />TS FAIR ) EXPROPRIATION4 

,LET ! ,REVOLUTION ONLY GET SO F>1 & FAM9E IS NOT ! 5EMY IT WILL HAVE TO FE>4 ,NO1 ! DANG] :I* WILL M5ACE IT LIES 9 TIMIDITY1 PREJUDICE1 & HALI-MEASURES4 ,! DANG] IS :]E ,DANTON SAW IT :5 HE CRI$ TO ,FRANCE3 0,D>E1 D>E1 & YET AGA91 D>E60 ,! BOLD ?\<T FIR/1 & ! BOLD DE$ WILL NOT FAIL TO FOLL[4 

,FOOTNOTES 

  

#a,! MUNICIPAL DEBT ( ,P>IS AM\NT$ 9 #aid TO 
 #b1#b#f#f1#e#g#i1#a FRANCS1 & ! *>GES = IT W]E #a#b#a11 
 FRANCS4 

#b,KROPOTK9 IS H]E SUPPOS+ ! ,REVOLUTION TO BREAK \T 
 FIR/ 9 ,FRANCE4--,TRANS4 

,?IS TEXT WAS TAK5 FROM A #a/ $ITION ( ,! ,CONQUE/ ( ,BREAD1 ,G4 ,P4 ,PUTNAM'S ,SONS1 ,NEW ,YORK & ,LONDON1 #a#i#f4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aie 3 ,*APT] #e -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #a#c1 #bag 3 ,*APT] #e -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/