,! ,DIFF]5CES 9 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ( ,G]MANY 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ANTON ,PANNEKOEK 

,TEXT 3 

,PUBLI%$3 ,BULLET9 ( ! ,PROVISIONAL ,BUREAU 9 ,AM/]DAM ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL1 VOL4 #a1 NO4 84 ,FEBRU>Y #a#i#b4 
,TRANSCRIPTION_/,M>KUP3 ,MICAH ,MU]1 #b#a#g4 

,!SE DIFF]5CES CAN P>TLY BE TRAC$ BACK TO ! DAYS ( ! RISE ( 
,COMMUNISM4 ,! OPPOSITION 9 ,G]MANY DUR+ ! W>1 AGA9/ ! GOV]NM5T & 
SOCIAL DEMOCRACY1 HAD ITS ORIG9 9 V>I\S C5T]S & 9 V>I\S WAYS4 ,K4 
,LIEBKNE*T & ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG 7) ,FR4 ,MEHR+7 MA9TA9$ AN UNFL9*+ & 
9EXORABLE OPPOSITION AGA9/ ! W>-POLICY1 BY MEANS (T5 ( ILLEGAL 
WRIT+S1 & W]E !RE=E KEPT 9 PRISON MO/ ( ! TIME4 ,! 0,SP>TACUS0 
GR\P :I* !Y CREAT$ CON/ITUT$ ! EXTREME LEFT W+ ( ! 0,UNABHANGIGE 
,SOZIALI/IS*E ,P>TEI0 7! ,U4,S4,P41 :I*1 UND] ,HAASE & ,KAUTSKY C>RI$ ON A 
TIMID OPPOSITION 9 ! SPIRIT ( RADICAL SOCIALISM7 & /ROVE TO BR+ AB\T 
REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5TS4 ,9 ,BREM5 & ,HAMBURG ! 0,9T]NATIONALE0 SPRANG UP 
7ORGAN 0,>BEIT]POLITIK01 $ITOR3 ,KNIEFF74 ,! ACTIVITIES ( ?IS GR\P T5D$ 
ABOVE ALL T[>DS AN $UCATION ( ! MASSES ON REVOLUTION>Y L9ES1 SO ?AT IT 
WAG$ A FI]CE CONTE/ AGA9/ ! WAV]+ POLICY ( ! 9DEP5D5TS4 ,9 
,HAMBURG1 ,LAUF5B]G & ,WOLFFHEIM ADOPT$ ! ATTITUDE ( CIRCUMSPECT CRITICISM 
) REG>D TO ! WORLD-PROBLEMS ( IMP]IALISM4 

,AFT] ! ,G]MAN REVOLUTION1 ON ! FIR/ CONF]5CE 9 ,DECEMB] #a#i#a#h1 !SE 
V>I\S T5D5CIES UNIT$ 70,SP>TACUS0 HAD BY ?AT TIME SEC$$ FROM ! 
0,UNABHANGIG507 9TO ! 0,KOMMUNI/IS*E ,P>TEI ,DEUTS*L&S04 ,SOON AFT] ?IS 
! WORK]S' ACTION WAS VIOL5TLY SUPPRESS$ BY ! ,NOSKE-TROOPS1 ,LIEBKNE*T & 
,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG W]E MURD]$1 ! COMMUNI/S P]SECUT$1 & ! P>TY =CIBLY 
R$UC$ TO ! CONDUCT+ ( A SECRET1 ILLEGAL PROPAG&A4 ,GRADUALLY ! 
COMMUNI/IC PAP]S W]E SUPPRESS$1 ONLY 9 ,BREM5 ! 0,KOMMUNI/IS*E 
,>BEIT]ZEITUNG0 7,LAUF5B]G7 MANAG$ TO MA9TA9 ITSELF4 ,! POLICY PROPAGAT$ 
BY ?IS PAP] CAME 9TO CONFLICT ) ?AT ( ! 0,Z5TRALE0 7! EXECUTIVE ( 
! P>TY71 ESPECIALLY ) REG>D TO !IR ATTITUDE T[>DS P>LIAM5T & ! 
UNIONS4 ,AT A SECRET CONF]5CE 9 ! 5D ( ,OCTOB] #a#i#a#i1 ! 0,Z5TRALE0 
PROPOS$ !SES :I* W]E TO DEF9E ! TACTICS ( ,COMMUNISM2 :OSOEV] VOT$ 
AGA9/ !M WAS TO CEASE TO BE A MEMB] ( ! P>TY4 ,! OPPOSITION PROTE/$1 
CLAIM+ ?AT ! CONF]5CE HAD BE5 TAK5 UNAW>ES BY ! PROPOSAL ( !SE 
!SES1 SO ?AT ! MEMB]S W]E NOT PREP>$ TO PRON\NCE ON !M4 ,! M9ORITY 
( ! CONF]5CE REJECT$ !M & W]E EXCLUD$ FROM ! P>TY4 ,TO ?IS 
OPPOSITION BELONG ! /RONGE/ SECTIONS3 ,HAMBURG1 ,B]L91 ,BREM51 ETC41 IT 
COMPRISES AB\T HALF ! NUMB] ( MEMB]S ( ! ,K4,P4,D4 ,ACCORD+ TO ! 
OPPOSITION !SE DEAL+S ( ! 0,Z5TRALE0 W]E A CUNN+ TRICK TO SPLIT UP ! 
OPPOSITION1 :I*1 9 ! QUE/ION ( P>LIAM5T>ISM CON/ITUT$ ! MAJORITY 
( ! P>TY1 & MI<T HAVE DISMISS$ ! 0,Z5TRALE04 ,! 0,Z5TRALE0 MA9TA9S 
?AT ?IS CLEANS+ WAS NE$$1 AS ! ,HAMBURG & ,B]L9 MEMB]S HAD /RAY$ 
AWAY FROM COMMUNISM1 & DRIFT$ 9TO SYNDICALISM1 SO ?AT IT WAS NECESS>Y TO 
DRAW A %>P L9E ( DEM>CATION4 ,! OPPOSITION DOES NOT ADMIT ITS EXPULSION1 
NOR HAS IT =M$ A SEP>ATE P>TY YET1 ONLY A LOOSE L9K4 ,MANY O!R SECTIONS 
DO NOT CONSID] ! DECREES ( ! CONF]5CE AS LAWFUL1 & DEM& A NEW 
CONF]5CE4 ,! 0,Z5TRALE0 5DEAVORS TO SEP>ATELY BR+ R\ND EA* ( ! 
V>I\S P>TS ( ! OPPOSITION1 & SO F> IT SEEMS LIKELY TO SUCCE$4 ,S9CE 
! RAIS+ ( ! /ATE ( SIEGE IT HAS CONT9U$ ! ISSUE ( ITS DAILY PAP] 
0,DIE ,ROTE ,FAHNE02 IT DISPOSES MOREOV] ( ! FUNDS ( ! P>TY4 

,! DIFF]5CES BETWE5 !SE TWO T5D5CIES >E 9 P>T ESS5TIAL3 !Y >E 
ROOT$ ON ! ONE H& 9 ! DIFF]5T ORIG9 ( ! GR\PS FROM :I* ! 
P>TY SPRANG1 & ON ! O!R 9 ! QUE/ION AS TO ! TACTICS :I* 9 ! 
PRES5T DIFFICULT /ATE ( AFFAIRS 9 ,G]MANY 7ECONOMIC RU91 P[] ( ! 
,NOSKE-GU>DS1 IMPOT5CE ( ! WORK]S71 WILL LEAD TO ! REVOLUTION4 

,9 ! PRES5T /ATE ( ,G]MANY ! OPPOSITION IS AGA9/ P>TICIPATION 9 
P>LIAM5T>Y ACTION4 ,! 0,Z5TRALE0 WI%ES TO TAKE P>T 9 ! NEXT 
,REI*/AG-ELECTIONS4 ,! OPPOSITION WAGES A %>P CONTE/ AGA9/ ! 
9DEP5D5T ,SOCIAL DEMOCRATS ( ! ,U4,S4,P4 ,! 0,Z5TRALE0 WI%ES TO JO9 =CES 
) ! 9DEP5D5TS 7:OM IT CONSID]S ALMO/ AS COMMUNI/S71 AFT] !Y %ALL 
HAVE %ELV$ !IR CONS]VATIVE LEAD]S4 ,A MA9 FACTOR 9 ! ANTI!SIS IS ! 
ATTITUDE T[>DS ! BIG UNIONS 7! LEAD]S ( :I*1 ,LEGI51 ,S*LICKE1 ,BAU]1 
>E ! MO/ P[]FUL SUPPORT]S ( ! ,EB]T-GOV]NM5T1 & SOME ( !M 
M9I/]S74 ,! 9DEP5D5TS WI% TO DISMISS !SE SOCIAL-PATRIOTIC LEAD]S1 & 
TO SUB/ITUTE TO !M MEMB]S ( !IR [N P>TY4 ,! OPPOSITION WI%ES TO SMA% 
! BUROCRATIC ORGANIZATION ( ! UNION1 & TO SUB/ITUTE TO IT A NEW =M ( 
UNION ON ! BASIS ( ! 9DU/RIAL UNION 9/EAD ( ! CRAFT-UNION4 ,! 
UNIONS ?US =M$1 H[EV]1 W]E A SUCCESS 9 FEW PLACES ONLY 79 ! 
COAL-BAS9 ( ! ,RUHR ! M9]S' UNION AFFILIAT$ ITSELF TO ! FEEBLE 
SYNDICALI/ GR\PS71 BUT = ! GREAT] P>T !Y REMA9$ WEAK4 ,AT FIR/ ! 
0,Z5TRALE0 LIKEWISE RECOMM5D$ )DRAWAL FROM ! BIG UNIONS1 NOT 9DIVIDUALLY 
H[EV]1 BUT 9 GR\PS1 & AFT] A PREVI\S VIGOR\S OPPOSITION ONLY2 N[ IT 
RECOMM5DS ! =MATION ( REVOLUTION>Y GR\PS ( OPPOSITION1 )9 ! 
UNIONS4 ,! OPPOSITION CONSID]S ! 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATIONS 9CLUD+ ALL 
WORK]S1 IRRESPECTIVE ( P>TY-MEMB]%IP1 AS ! FIRM BASIS = ! POLITICAL 
P[] ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 & AS ! ORGANS = ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! 
PROLET>IAT4 ,! FUNCTIONS ( ! 0,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY0 WILL CONSI/ 9 DISC]N+ 
! AIMS1 9 DIRECT+ ! MASSES1 & 9 $UCAT+ !M ON CLASS L9ES BUT NOT 
9 GOV]N+4 

,! 0,Z5TRALE0 CRITICIZES ?IS ATTITUDE AS IMPLY+ A BELIEF ?AT BY MEANS ( 
A NEW =M ( ORGANIZATION IT WILL BE POSSIBLE TO AVOID A REVOLUTION AS ! 
=CIBLE MEANS ( CONQU]+ ! P[]2 & FUR!RMORE AS DEBAS+ ! 
0,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY0 TO ! LEVEL ( A H>MLESS $UCATIONAL UNION4 

,! 0,Z5TRALE0 CONSID]S IT TO BE ! TASK ( ! 0,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY0 TO CALL 
! MASSES TO ! BATTLE :5 ! TIME HAS COME2 ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! 
PROLET>IAT IS EMBODI$ 9 ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! 0,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY04 ,! 
OPPOSITION CONDEMNS ?IS AS A POLICY ( >TIFICIALLY ORGANIZ$ \TBREAKS1 = IT 
IS FROM ! RANKS ( ! MASSES ?AT ACTION MU/ BREAK \T1 & IT IS ONLY !N 
?AT COMMUNISM CAN COME =W>D & TAKE ! LEAD4 ,A REVOLUTION>Y M9ORITY 
CANNOT C>RY ?R\< ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT3 ITS VICTORY W\LD MEAN 
NO MORE ?AN ! DICTATOR%IP ( A FEW LEAD]S4 

,! 0,Z5TRALE0 SAYS3 ! OPPOSITION IS SYNDICALI/IC1 BECAUSE IT REJECTS 
P>LIAM5T>ISM2 IT CONSID]S ! 0,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY0 AS SUP]FLU\S1 & IT 
SUB/ITUTES ! F$]ALISM ( 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATIONS = ! RIGIDLY 
C5TRALIZ$ REVOLUTION>Y P>TY4 ,! OPPOSITION SAYS3 ! PR9CIPLE ( ! 
CONQUE/ ( ! POLITICAL P[] BY ! PROLET>IAT1 AS WELL AS ! RECOGNITION 
( ! NE$ = C5TRALIZATION ( ! PROLET>IAN /ATE1 DIVIDES US FROM 
SYNDICALISM :IL/ \R CONCEPTION ( ! FUNCTIONS ( ! 9DU/RIAL 
ORGANIZATIONS EXACTLY CO9CIDES ) ?AT ( ! ,RUSSIAN SOVIET-SY/EM4 

,SOME CONFUSION WAS OCCASION$ 9 !SE ANTI!SES1 :5 ! ,HAMBURG LEAD]S 
( ! OPPOSITION1 ,LAUF5B]G & ,WOLFFHEIM DECL>$1 9 A MANIFE/O TO ! 
,G]MAN PEOPLE1 ?AT ! G5]AL MIS]Y NECESSITAT$ A SPE$Y REVOLUTION 9 
,G]MANY & ?AT ?IS REVOLUTION NECESSITAT$ ! TE>+ UP ( ! ,V]SAILLES 
PEACE-TREATY1 :I* MEANT ! R5EWAL ( W> BY ! ,5T5TE AGA9/ ,G]MANY2 & 
?AT ON ACC\NT ( ?IS1 ! ,PROLET>IAT1 :IL/ E/ABLI%+ A /RICT 
CLASS-DICTATURE1 %\LD 5DEAVOR TO CONCLUDE A NEW TRUCE ) ! B\RGEOISIE 
AGA9/ ! ,5T5TE4 ,?IS DANG]\S T5D5CY T[>DS A 0NATIONAL BOL%EVISM0 WAS 
SOON VIGOR\SLY OPPOS$ BY COMRADES BELONG+ TO EI!R W+ ( ! P>TY2 ! 
GR\PS CON/ITUT+ ! OPPOSITION HAVE NOT ADOPT$ ! MANIFE/O4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #a1 #bba 3 ,! ,DIFF]5CES 9 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ( ,G]MANY -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #h1 #bbb 3 ,! ,DIFF]5CES 9 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ( ,G]MANY -- ,UPDAT$4 

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