,! ,FALSE ,PR9CIPLE ( ,\R ,$UCATION 
,OR - ,HUMANISM ,& ,REALISM 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,MAX ,/IRN] 

,TAGS 3 CONCORDAT BETWE5 S*OOL & LIFE1 BETWE5 S*OOL & LIFE1 SCI5CE ( ANIMAL S\LS1 FRE$OM ( ?\<T1 HUMANISM & REALISM1 S*OOL & LIFE1 SPIRIT ( OPPOSITION1 PREP>ATION = LIFE1 D&YISM & MAT]IALISM1 UNIV]SAL $UCATION4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,F>RUKH1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE ,! ,FALSE ,PR9CIPLE ( ,\R ,$UCATION 

,OR - ,HUMANISM ,& ,REALISM 

,BY ,MAX ,/IRN] 

,BECAUSE \R TIME IS /RUGGL+ T[>D ! WORD ) :I* IT MAY EXPRESS ITS SPIRIT1 MANY NAMES COME TO ! =E & ALL MAKE CLAIM TO BE+ ! RI<T NAME4 ,ON ALL SIDES \R PRES5T TIME REVEALS ! MO/ *AOTIC P>TISAN TUMULT & ! EAGLES ( ! MOM5T GA!R >\ND ! DECAY+ LEGACY ( ! PA/4 ,!RE IS EV]Y:]E A GREAT ABUNDANCE ( POLITICAL1 SOCIAL1 ECCLESIA/ICAL1 SCI5TIFIC1 >TI/IC1 MORAL & O!R CORPSES1 & UNTIL !Y >E ALL CONSUM$1 ! AIR WILL NOT BE CLEAN & ! BREA? ( LIV+ BE+S WILL BE OPPRESS$4 

 ,)\T \R ASSI/ANCE1 TIME WILL NOT BR+ ! RI<T WORD TO LI<T2 WE MU/ ALL WORK TOGE!R ON IT4 ,IF1 H[EV]1 SO MU* DEP5DS UPON US1 WE MAY REASONABLY ASK :AT !Y HAVE MADE ( US & :AT !Y PROPOSE TO MAKE ( US2 WE ASK AB\T ! $UCATION ?R\< :I* !Y SEEK TO 5ABLE US TO BECOME ! CREATORS ( ?AT WORD4 ,DO !Y CONSCI5TI\SLY CULTIVATE \R PR$ISPOSITION TO BECOME CREATORS OR DO !Y TREAT US ONLY AS CREATURES :OSE NATURE SIMPLY P]MITS TRA9+8 ,! QUE/ION IS AS IMPORTANT AS ONE ( \R SOCIAL QUE/IONS CAN EV] BE1 9DE$1 IT IS ! MO/ IMPORTANT ONE BECAUSE ?OSE QUE/IONS RE/ ON ?IS ULTIMATE BASIS4 ,BE SOME?+ EXCELL5T & Y\ WILL BR+ AB\T SOME?+ EXCELL5T3 BE 0EA* ONE P]FECT 9 HIMSELF10 !N Y\R SOCIETY1 Y\R SOCIAL LIFE1 WILL ALSO BE P]FECT4 

 ,!RE=E WE >E CONC]N$ ABOVE ALL ) :AT !Y MAKE ( US 9 ! TIME ( \R PLA/ICITY2 ! S*OOL QUE/ION IS A LIFE QUE/ION4 ,!Y CAN N[ BE SE5 QUITE CLE>LY2 ?IS >EA HAS BE5 F\<T OV] = YE>S ) AN >DOR & A FRANKNESS :I* F> SURPASSES ?AT 9 ! REALM ( POLITICS BECAUSE !RE IT DOES NOT KNOCK UP AGA9/ ! OB/RUCTIONS ( >BITR>Y P[]4 

 ,A V5]ABLE VET]AN1 ,PR(ESSOR ,!ODOR ,HE9SIUS1.<#a.> :O1 LIKE ! LATE ,PR(ESSOR ,KRUG.<#b.> RETA9$ HIS /R5G? & ZEAL 9TO OLD AGE1 HAS REC5TLY S\<T TO PROVOKE 9T]E/ = ?IS CAUSE BY A LITTLE ESSAY4 ,HE CALLS IT A 0,CONCORDAT BETWE5 S*OOL & LIFE OR M$IATION ( HUMANISM & REALISM FROM A NATIONALI/IC PO9T ( VIEW40 ,TWO P>TIES /RUGGLE = VICTORY & EA* WANTS TO RECOMM5D HIS PR9CIPLE ( $UCATION AS ! BE/ & TRUE/ = \R NE$S3 ! HUMANI/S & ! REALI/S4 ,NOT WANT+ TO 9CUR ! DISPLEASURE ( EI!R1 ,HE9SIUS SPEAKS 9 HIS BOOKLET ) ?AT MILDNESS & CONCILIATION :I* MEANS TO GIVE BO? !IR DUE & !REBY DOES ! GREATE/ 9JU/ICE TO ! CAUSE ITSELF S9CE IT CAN ONLY BE S]V$ BY A %>P DECISIV5ESS4 ,AS ?+S /&1 ?IS S9 AGA9/ ! SPIRIT ( ! CAUSE REMA9S ! 9SEP>ABLE LEGACY ( ALL FA9!>T$ M$IATORS4 0,CONCORDATS0 (F] ONLY A C[>DLY EXP$I5T4 

 ,ONLY FRANK LIKE A MAN3 = OR AGA9/6 
 ,& ! WAT*WORD3 SLAVE OR FREE6 
 ,EV5 GODS DESC5D$ FROM ,OLYMPUS1 
 ,& F\<T ON ! BATTLEM5TS ( !IR ALLY4  

 ,BE=E >RIV+ AT HIS [N PROPOSALS1 ,HE9SIUS DRAWS UP A %ORT SKET* ( ! C\RSE ( HI/ORY S9CE ! ,RE=MATION4 ,! P]IOD BETWE5 ! ,RE=MATION & ! ,REVOLUTION IS - :I* ,I WILL ASS]T H]E )\T SUPPORT S9CE ,I PLAN TO %[ IT 9 GREAT] DETAIL AT ANO!R OPPORTUNITY - ?AT ( ! RELATION%IP BETWE5 ADULTS & M9ORS1 BETWE5 ! REIGN+ & ! S]V+1 ! P[]FUL & ! P[]LESS1 9 %ORT1 ! P]IOD ( SUBJECTION4 ,AP>T FROM ANY O!R BASIS :I* MI<T JU/IFY A SUP]IORITY1 $UCATION1 AS A P[]1 RAIS$ HIM :O POSSESS$ IT OV] ! WEAK1 :O LACK$ IT1 & ! $UCAT$ MAN C\NT$ 9 HIS CIRCLE1 H[EV] L>GE OR SMALL IT WAS1 AS ! MI<TY1 ! P[]FUL1 ! IMPOS+ ONE3 = HE WAS AN AU?ORITY4 ,NOT EV]YONE C\LD BE CALL$ TO ?IS COMM& & AU?ORITY2 !RE=E1 $UCATION WAS NOT = EV]Y ONE & UNIV]SAL $UCATION CONTRADICT$ ?AT PR9CIPLE4 ,$UCATION CREATES SUP]IORITY & MAKES ONE A MA/]3 ?US 9 ?AT AGE ( ! MA/]1 IT WAS A MEANS TO P[]4 ,BUT ! ,REVOLUTION BROKE ?R\< ! MA/]-S]VANT ECONOMY & ! AXIOM CAME =?3 EV]YONE IS HIS [N MA/]4 ,CONNECT$ ) ?IS WAS ! NECESS>Y CONCLUSION ?AT $UCATION1 :I* 9DE$ PRODUCES ! MA/]1 MU/ H5CE=? BECOME UNIV]SAL & ! TASK ( F9D+ TRUE UNIV]SAL $UCATION N[ PRES5T$ ITSELF4 ,! DRIVE T[>D A UNIV]SAL $UCATION ACCESSIBLE TO EV]YONE MU/ ADVANCE TO /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! OB/9ATELY MA9TA9$ EXCLUSIVE $UCATION1 & 9 ! >EA ALSO ! ,REVOLUTION MU/ DRAW ! SWORD AGA9/ ! DOM9ATION ( ! P]IOD ( ! ,RE=MATION4 ,! IDEA ( UNIV]SAL $UCATION COLLID$ ) ! IDEA ( EXCLUSIVE $UCATION1 & ! /RIFE & /RUGGLE MOVES ?R\< PHASES & UND] SUNDRY NAMES 9TO ! PRES5T4 ,= ! CONTRADICTIONS ( ! OPPOS+ 5EMY CAMPS1 ,HE9SIUS *OSE ! NAMES HUMANISM & REALISM1 &1 9ACCURATE AS !Y >E1 WE WILL RETA9 !M AS ! MO/ COMMONLY US$4 

 ,UNTIL ! ,5LI<T5M5T BEGAN TO SPREAD ITS LI<T 9 ! ,EI<TE5? ,C5TURY1 SO CALL$ HI<] $UCATION LAY )\T PROTE/ 9 ! H&S ( ! HUMANI/S & WAS BAS$ ALMO/ SOLELY ON ! UND]/&+ ( ! OLD CLASSICS4 ,ANO!R $UCATION W5T ALONG AT ! SAME TIME :I* LIKEWISE S\<T ITS EXAMPLE 9 ANTIQUITY & MA9LY 5D$ UP ) A CONSID]ABLE KN[L$GE ( ! ,BIBLE4 ,?AT 9 BO? CASES !Y SELECT$ ! BE/ $UCATION ( ! WORLD ( ANTIQUITY = !IR EXCLUSIVE SUBJECT MATT] PROVES SUFFICI5TLY H[ LITTLE ( DIGNITY \R [N LIFE (F]$1 & H[ F> WE /ILL W]E FROM BE+ ABLE TO CREATE ! =MS ( BEAUTY \T ( \R [N ORIG9ALITY & ! CONT5T ( TRU? \T ( \R [N REASON4 ,FIR/ WE HAD TO LE>N =M & CONT5T2 WE W]E APPR5TICES4 ,& AS ! WORLD ( ANTIQUITY ?R\< CLASSICS & ! ,BIBLE RULE OV] US AS A MI/RESS1 SO WAS - :I* CAN BE HI/ORICALLY PROV5 - BE+ A LORD & BE+ A S]VANT REALLY ! ESS5CE ( ALL \R ACTIVITY1 & ONLY FROM ?IS *>ACT]I/IC ( ! ]A DOES IT BECOME PLA9 :Y !Y ASPIRE SO OP5LY T[>D A 0HI<] $UCATION0 & W]E SO 9T5T UPON DI/+UI%+ !MSELVES BY ?AT MEANS BE=E ! COMMON PEOPLE4 ,) $UCATION1 ITS POSSESSOR BECAME A MA/] ( ! UN$UCAT$4 ,A POPUL> $UCATION W\LD HAVE OPPOS$ ?IS BECAUSE ! PEOPLE W]E SUPPOS$ TO REMA9 9 ! LAITY OPPOSITE ! LE>N$ G5TLEM51 W]E ONLY SUPPOS$ TO GAZE 9 A/ONI%M5T AT ! /RANGE SPL5DOR & V5]ATE IT4 ,?US ,ROMANISM CONT9U$ 9 LE>N+ & ITS SUPPORT]S >E ,LAT9 & ,GREEK4 ,FUR!RMORE1 IT WAS 9EVITABLE ?AT ?IS $UCATION REMA9$ ?R\<\T A =MAL $UCATION1 AS MU* ON ?IS ACC\NT BECAUSE ( ! ANTIQUITY LONG DEAD & BURI$1 ONLY ! =MS1 AS IT W]E1 ! S*EMES ( LIT]ATURE & >T W]E PRES]V$1 AS = ! P>TICUL> REASON ?AT DOM9ATION OV] PEOPLE WILL SIMPLY BE ACQUIR$ & ASS]T$ ?R\< =MAL SUP]IORITY2 IT REQUIRES ONLY A C]TA9 DEGREE ( 9TELLECTUAL AGILITY TO GA9 SUP]IORITY OV] ! LESS AGILE PEOPLE4 ,SO CALL$ HI<] $UCATION WAS !RE=E AN ELEGANT $UCATION1 A S5SUS OMNIS ELEGANTIAE1 AN $UCATION ( TA/E & A S5SE ( =MS :I* F9ALLY ?REAT5$ TO S9K COMPLETELY 9TO A GRAMMATICAL $UCATION & P]FUM$ ! ,G]MAN LANGUAGE ITSELF ) ! SMELL ( ,LATIUM SO MU* ?AT EV5 TODAY ONE HAS AN OPPORTUNITY TO ADMIRE ! MO/ BEAUTIFUL ,LAT9 S5T5CE /RUCTURES1 = EXAMPLE1 9 ! JU/ PUBLI%$ ,HI/ORY ( ! ,BR&5BURG-,PRUSSIAN ,/ATES4 ,A ,BOOK = ,EV]YONE4.<#c.> 

 ,9 ! MEANTIME1 A SPIRIT ( OPPOSITION GRADUALLY >OSE \T ( ! ,5LI<T5M5T AGA9/ ?IS =MALISM & ! DEM& = AN ALL-5COMPASS+1 A TRULY HUMAN $UCATION ALLI$ ITSELF ) ! RECOGNITION ( ! SECURE & UNIV]SAL RI<TS ( MAN4 ,! LACK ( SOLID 9/RUCTION :I* W\LD 9T]ACT ) LIFE WAS ILLUM9AT$ BY ! MANN] 9 :I* ! ,HUMANI/S HAD PROCE$$ UP TO ?AT TIME & G5]AT$ ! DEM& = A PRACTICAL F9I%+ $UCATION4 ,H5CE=?1 ALL KN[L$GE WAS TO BE LIFE1 KN[L$GE BE+ LIV$2 = ONLY ! REALITY ( KN[L$GE IS ITS P]FECTION4 ,IF BR++ ! MAT]IAL ( LIFE 9TO ! S*OOL SUCCE$$ 9 (F]+ !REBY SOME?+ USEFUL TO EV]YONE1 & = ?AT V]Y REASON TO W9 EV]YONE OV] = ?IS PREP>ATION = LIFE & TO TURN !M T[>DS S*OOL1 !N ONE W\LD NOT 5VY ! LE>N$ G5TLEM5 ANYMORE = !IR S+UL> KN[L$GE & ! PEOPLE W\LD NO LONG] REMA9 ( ! LAITY4 ,TO ELIM9ATE ! PRIE/HOOD ( ! S*OL>S & ! LAITY ( ! PEOPLE IS ! 5DEAVOR ( REALISM & !RE=E IT MU/ SURPASS HUMANISM4 ,APPROPRIAT+ ! CLASSICAL =MS ( ANTIQUITY BEGAN TO BE RE/RA9$ & ) IT ! SOV]EIGN-AU?ORITY LO/ ITS NIMBUS4 ,! TIME /RUGGL$ AGA9/ ! TRADITIONAL RESPECT = S*OL>%IP AS IT G5]ALLY REBELS AGA9/ ANY RESPECT4 

 ,! ESS5TIAL ADVANTAGE ( S*OL>S1 UNIV]SAL $UCATION1 %\LD BE B5EFICIAL TO EV]YONE4 ,H[EV]1 ONE ASKS1 :AT IS UNIV]SAL $UCATION O!R ?AN ! CAPACITY1 TRIVIALLY EXPRESS$1 0TO BE ABLE TO TALK AB\T EV]Y?+10 OR MORE S]I\SLY EXPRESS$1 ! CAPACITY TO MA/] ANY MAT]IAL8 ,S*OOL WAS SE5 TO BE LEFT BEH9D BY LIFE S9CE IT NOT ONLY )DREW FROM ! PEOPLE BUT EV5 NEGLECT$ UNIV]SAL $UCATION ) ITS /UD5TS 9 FAVOR ( EXCLUSIVE $UCATION1 & IT FAIL$ TO URGE MA/]Y 9 S*OOL ( A GREAT DEAL ( MAT]IAL :I* IS ?RU/ UPON US BY LIFE4 ,S*OOL1 ONE ?\<T1 9DE$ HAS TO \TL9E \R RECONCILIATION ) EV]Y?+ LIFE (F]S & TO C>E = IT SO ?AT NONE ( ! ?+S ) :I* WE MU/ SOME DAY CONC]N \RSELVES WILL BE COMPLETELY ALI5 TO US & BEYOND \R P[] TO MA/]4 ,!RE=E FAMILI>ITY ) ! ?+S & SITUATIONS ( ! PRES5T WAS S\<T MO/ VIGOR\SLY & A P$AGOGY WAS BR\<T 9TO FA%ION :I* MU/ F9D APPLICATION TO EV]YONE BECAUSE IT SATISFI$ ! COMMON NE$ ( EV]YONE TO F9D !MSELVES 9 !IR WORLD & TIME4 ,! BASIC PR9CIPLES ( HUMAN RI<TS 9 ?IS WAY GA9$ LIFE & REALITY 9 $UCATIONAL SPH]ES3 EQUALITY1 BECAUSE ?AT $UCATION EMBRAC$ EV]YONE1 & FRE$OM1 BECAUSE ONE BECAME CONV]SANT ) ONE'S NE$S & CONSEQU5TLY 9DEP5D5T & AUTONOM\S4 

 ,H[EV]1 TO GRASP ! PA/ AS HUMANISM TEA*ES & TO SEIZE ! PRES5T1 :I* IS ! AIM ( REALISM1 LEADS BO? ONLY TO P[] OV] ! TRANSITORY4 ,ONLY ! SPIRIT :I* UND]/&S ITSELF IS ET]NAL4 ,!RE=E1 EQUALITY & FRE$OM RECEIV$ ONLY A SUBORD9ATE EXI/5CE4 ,ONE C\LD 9DE$ BECOME EQUAL TO O!RS & EMANCIPAT$ FROM !IR AU?ORITY2 FROM ! EQUALITY ) ONESELF1 FROM ! EQUALIZATION & RECONCILIATION ( \R TRANSI5T & ET]NAL MAN1 FROM ! TRANSFIGURATION ( \R NATURALNESS TO SPIRITUALITY1 9 %ORT1 FROM ! UNITY & SUPREME P[] ( \R EGO1 :I* IS 5\< = ITSELF S9CE IT LEAVES NO?+ ALI5 /&+ \TSIDE ( ITSELF-3 ,H>DLY ANY IDEA ( IT WAS TO BE RECOGNIZ$ 9 ?AT PR9CIPLE4 ,& FRE$OM APPE>$ 9DE$ AS 9DEP5D5CE FROM AU?ORITIES1 H[EV]1 IT LACK$ SELF-DET]M9ATION & /ILL PRODUC$ NONE ( ! ACTS ( A MAN :O IS FREE-9-HIMSELF1 SELF-REVELATIONS ( AN 9CONSID]ATE.<#d.> MAN1 ?AT IS1 ( ONE ( ?OSE M9DS SAV$ FROM ! FLUCTUAT+ ( CONTEMPLATION4 ,! =MALLY $UCAT$ MAN C]TA9LY WAS NOT TO /& \T ABOVE ! MIRROR ( ! OCEAN ( UNIV]SAL $UCATION ANYMORE1 & HE TRANS=M$ HIMSELF FROM A 0HI<LY $UCAT$ MAN0 9TO A 0ONE-SID$ $UCAT$ MAN0 7AS SU* HE NATURALLY MA9TA9S HIS UNCONTE/$ WOR?1 S9CE ALL UNIV]SAL $UCATION IS 9T5D$ TO RADIATE 9TO ! MO/ V>I$ S+LE-M9D$NESSES ( SPECIAL $UCATION72 BUT ! MAN $UCAT$ 9 ! S5SE ( REALISM DID NOT SURPASS ! EQUALITY ) O!RS & ! FRE$OM FROM O!RS1 NEI!R DID HE COME \T AHEAD ( ! SO-CALL$ PRACTICAL MAN4 ,C]TA9LY ! EMPTY ELEGANCE ( ! HUMANI/1 ( ! D&Y1 C\LD NOT HELP BUT DECL9E2 BUT ! VICTOR GLI/5$ ) ! V]DIGRIS ( MAT]IALITY & WAS NO?+ BETT] ?AN A TA/ELESS MAT]IALI/4.<#e.> ,D&YISM & MAT]IALISM /RUGGLE = ! PRIZE ( ! DE> BOYS & GIRLS & (T5 S$UCTIVELY EX*ANGE >MOR 9 ?AT ! ,D&Y APPE>S 9 CO>SE CYNICISM & ! MAT]IALI/ APPE>S 9 :ITE L954 ,TO BE SURE1 ! LIV+ WOOD ( ! MAT]IALI/ CLUBS WILL SMA% ! DRY /AFF ( ! M>R[LESS ,D&Y2 BUT LIV+1 OR DEAD1 WOOD REMA9S WOOD1 & IF ! FLAME ( ! SPIRIT IS TO BURN1 ! WOOD MU/ GO UP 9 FIRE4 

 ,:Y1 9 ! MEANTIME1 MU/ REALISM ALSO1 IF 7NOT D5Y+ IT ! CAPACITY7 IT ASSIMILATES ! GOOD ASPECTS ( HUMANISM1 NEV]!LESS P]I%8 

 ,C]TA9LY IT CAN ASSIMILATE ! 9ALI5ABLE & TRUE ( HUMANISM1 =MAL $UCATION1 & ?IS ASSIMILATION IS MADE EV] EASI] ?R\< ! SCI5TIFIC ME?OD :I* HAS BECOME POSSIBLE & ?R\< ! S5SIBLE TREATM5T ( ALL OBJECTS ( 9/RUCTION 7,I DRAW ATT5TION BY WAY ( EXAMPLE ONLY TO ,BECK]'S.<#f.> R5D]+ ( ,G]MAN ,GRAMM>7 & CAN ?R\< ?IS REF9EM5T PU% ITS OPPON5T FROM ITS /RONG POSITION4 ,S9CE REALISM AS WELL AS HUMANISM PROCE$S FROM ! IDEA ?AT ! AIM ( $UCATION IS TO PRODUCE V]SATILITY = MAN & S9CE BO? AGREE1 = EXAMPLE1 ?AT ONE MU/ BE ACCU/OM$ TO EV]Y TURN ( IDIOMATIC EXPRESSION1 MU/ MA!MATICALLY 5JO9 ! TURN ( ! PRO(1 ETC41 SO ?AT ONE HAS TO /RUGGLE T[>DS MA/]Y 9 H&L+ ! MAT]IAL1 T[>DS ITS MA/]Y3 ?US IT WILL C]TA9LY NOT FAIL ?AT EV5 REALISM WILL F9ALLY RECOGNIZE ! =MATION ( TA/E AS ! F9AL GOAL & PUT ! ACT ( =M+ 9 FIR/ PLACE1 AS IS ALREADY P>TLY ! CASE4 ,= 9 $UCATION1 ALL ( ! MAT]IAL GIV5 HAS VALUE ONLY 9 SO F> AS *ILDR5 LE>N TO DO SOME?+ ) IT1 TO USE IT4 ,C]TA9LY ONLY ! PRACTICAL & ! USEFUL %\LD BE /RESS$1 AS ! REALI/S DESIRE2 BUT ! B5EFIT IS REALLY ONLY TO BE S\<T 9 =M+1 9 G5]ALIZ+1 9 PRES5T+1 & ONE WILL NOT BE ABLE TO REJECT ?IS HUMANI/IC CLAIM4 ,! HUMANI/S >E RI<T 9 ?AT IT DEP5DS ABOVE ALL ON =MAL $UCATION - !Y >E WRONG1 9 ?AT !Y DO NOT F9D ?IS 9 ! MA/]Y ( EV]Y SUBJECT2 ! REALI/S DEM& ! RI<T ?+ 9 ?AT EV]Y SUBJECT MU/ BE BEGUN 9 S*OOL1 !Y DEM& ! WRONG ?+ !N :5 !Y DO NOT WANT TO LOOK UPON =MAL $UCATION AS ! PR9CIPAL GOAL4 ,IF IT EX]CISES REAL SELF-ABNEGATION & DOES NOT GIVE ITSELF OV] TO MAT]IALI/IC 5TICEM5TS1 REALISM CAN COME TO ?IS VICTORY OV] ITS ADV]S>Y & AT ! SAME TIME COME TO A RECONCILIATION ) HIM4 ,:Y DO WE NEV]!LESS N[ %[ 5MITY TO IT8 

 ,DOES IT !N REALLY ?R[ (F ! HUSK ( ! OLD PR9CIPLE & DOES IT /& ON ! RAMP>TS ( ! TIME8 ,9 ?AT RESPECT EV]Y?+ MU/ BE JUDG$1 :E!R IT ADMITS ! IDEA :I* TIME HAS A*IEV$ AS ITS MO/ VALUABLE OR :E!R IT TAKES A /ATION>Y PLACE BEH9D IT4 -- ,?AT 9DELIBLE FE> :I* CAUSES ! REALI/S TO %R9K BACK 9 HORROR FROM AB/RACTIONS & SPECULATIONS MU/ SURPRISE & ,I WILL !RE=E N[ SET D[N H]E A FEW SELECTIONS FROM ,HE9SIUS :O YIELDS NO?+ TO ! UNB5D+ REALI/S UPON ?IS PO9T & SAVES ME QUOTATIONS FROM !M :I* W\LD BE EASY TO CITE4 ,ON PAGE #i IT SAYS3 

 ,9 ! HI<] 9/ITUTIONS ( LE>N+ ONE HE>S AB\T PHILOSOPHICAL SY/EMS ( ! ,GREEKS1 ( ,>I/OTLE & ,PLATO1 ALSO1 NO D\BT1 ( ! MOD]NS1 ( ,KANT1 ?AT HE HAS PUT AWAY ! IDEAS ( ,GOD1 FRE$OM1 IMMORTALITY1 AS UNPROVABLE2 ( ,FI*TE1 ?AT HE HAS SET MORAL WORLD ORD] 9 PLACE ( ! P]SONAL ,GOD2 ( ,S*ELL+1.<#g.>  ,HEGEL1 ,H]B>T1.<#h.> ,KRAUSE1.<#i.> & :OMSOEV] MAY BE CALL$ DISCOV]]S & H]ALDS ( SUP]NATURAL WISDOM4 ,:AT1 !Y SAY1 %\LD WE1 %\LD ! ,G]MAN NATION SET AB\T TO DO ) IDEALI/IC 5?USIASMS :I* BELONGS TO NEI!R ! EMPIRICAL & POSITIVE SCI5CES NOR TO PRACTICAL LIFE & :I* DO NOT B5EFIT ! /ATE - :I*1 ) AN OBSCURE P]CEPTION :I* ONLY CONFUSES ! SPIRIT ( ! TIME1 LEADS TO DISBELIEF & A!ISM1 DIVIDES ! M9DS1 *ASES ! /UD5TS !MSELVES AWAY FROM ! PR(ESSORIAL *AIRS ( ! APO/LES1 & EV5 OBSCURES \R NATIONAL TONGUE 9 ?AT IT TRANS=MS ! CLE>E/ CONCEPTIONS ( COMMON S5SE 9TO MY/ICAL 5IGMAS8 ,IS ?AT ! WISDOM ?AT %\LD $UCATE \R Y\? TO BE MORAL1 GOOD PEOPLE1 ?9K+1 REASONABLE BE+S1 TRUE CITIZ5S1 USEFUL & ABLE WORK]S 9 !IR PR(ESSIONS1 LOV+ SP\SES & PROVID5T FA!RS = ! E/ABLI%M5T ( DOME/IC WELL-BE+8  

 ,& ON PAGE #d#e3 

 ,LET US LOOK AT PHILOSOPHY & !OLOGY1 :I*1 AS SCI5CES ( ?9K+ & FAI? >E PUT 9 FIR/ PLACE = ! WELF>E ( ! WORLD2 :AT HAVE !Y BECOME ?R\< !IR MUTUAL FRICTION S9CE ,LEIBNIZ BROKE ! PA? TO !M8 ,! DUALISM1 MAT]IALISM1 IDEALISM1 SUP]NATURALISM1 RATIONALISM1 MY/ICISM1 & :ATEV] ALL ! ABTRUSE-ISMS ( EXAGG]AT$ SPECULATIONS & FEEL+S MAY BE CALL$3 :AT K9D ( BLESS+S HAVE !Y BR\<T ! /ATE1 ! *UR*1 ! >TS1 ! NATIONAL CULTURE8 ,?\<T & KN[L$GE HAVE C]TA9LY EXP&$ 9 !IR SPH]E2 H[EV]1 HAS ! =M] BECOME CLE>] & ! LATT] MORE C]TA98 ,RELIGION1 AS A DOGMA1 IS PUR]1 BUT SUBJECTIVE BELIEF IS MORE CONFUS$1 WEAK5$1 LACK+ SUPPORT]S1 %AK5 BY CRITICISM & 9T]PRETATION1 OR TRANS=M$ 9TO FANATICISM & A HYPOCRITICAL APPE>ANCE ( HOL9ESS1 & ! *UR*8 OH1 - ITS LIFE IS S*ISM OR DEA?4 ,IT IS NOT SO8-4  

 ,= :AT REASON !N DO ! REALI/S %[ !MSELVES SO UNFRI5DLY T[>D PHILOSOPHY8 ,BECAUSE !Y MISUND]/& !IR [N CALL+ & ) ALL !IR MI<T WANT TO REMA9 RE/RICT$ 9/EAD ( BECOM+ UNRE/RICT$6 ,:Y DO !Y HATE AB/RACTIONS8 ,BECAUSE !Y !MSELVES >E AB/RACT S9CE !Y AB/RACT FROM ! P]FECTION ( !MSELVES1 FROM ! ELEVATION TO R$EEM+ TRU?6 

 ,DO WE WANT TO PUT P$AGOGY 9TO ! H&S ( ! PHILOSOPH]S8 ,NO?+ LESS ?AN ?AT6 ,!Y W\LD BEHAVE !MSELVES AWKW>DLY 5\<4 ,IT %ALL BE 5TRU/$ ONLY TO ?OSE :O >E MORE ?AN PHILOSOPH]S1 :O 9 ?AT RESPECT >E 9F9ITELY MORE EV5 ?AN HUMANI/S OR REALI/S4 ,! LATT] >E ON ! RI<T SC5T 9 ?AT EV5 ! RESURRECTION WILL FOLL[ !IR DECL9E3 !Y AB/RACT FROM PHILOSOPHY 9 ORD] TO REA* !IR HEAV5 FULL ( PURPOSE )\T IT1 !Y LEAP OV] IT1 & - FALL 9 ! ABYSS ( !IR [N EMPT9ESS2 !Y >E1 LIKE ! ET]NAL ,JEW1 IMMORTAL1 NOT ET]NAL4 

 ,ONLY ! PHILOSOPH]S CAN DIE & F9D 9 DEA? !IR TRUE SELF2 ) !M ! P]IOD ( RE=MATION1 ! ]A ( KN[L$GE DIES4 ,YES1 SO IT IS ?AT KN[L$GE ITSELF MU/ DIE 9 ORD] TO BLOSSOM =? AGA9 9 DEA? AS WILL2 ! FRE$OM ( ?\<T1 BELIEF1 & CONSCI5CE1 !SE WOND]FUL FL[]S ( ?REE C5TURIES WILL S9K BACK 9TO ! LAP ( MO!R E>? SO ?AT A NEW FRE$OM1 ! FRE$OM ( WILL1 WILL BE N\RI%$ ) ITS MO/ NOBLE JUICES4 ,KN[L$GE & ITS FRE$OM W]E ! IDEAL ( ?AT TIME :I* HAS F9ALLY BE5 REA*$ ON ! HEI<TS ( PHILOSOPHY3 H]E ! H]O WILL BUILD HIMSELF A PYRE & WILL RESCUE HIS ET]NAL P>T 9 ,M\NT ,OLYMPUS4 ,) PHILOSOPHY1 \R PA/ CLOSES & ! PHILOSOPH]S >E ! ,RAPHAELS ( ! ]A ( ?\<T ) :I* ! OLD PR9CIPLE P]FECTS ITSELF 9 A BRI<T SPL5DOR ( COLORS & ?R\< REJUV5ATION IS *ANG$ FROM TRANSI5T TO ET]NAL4 ,H5CE=?1 :OEV] WANTS TO PRES]VE KN[L$GE WILL LOSE IT2 HE1 H[EV]1 :O GIVES IT UP WILL GA9 IT4.<"4.> ,! PHILOSOPH]S ALONE >E CALL$ TO ?IS GIV+-UP & TO ?IS GA93 !Y /& 9 FRONT ( ! FLAM+ FIRE &1 LIKE ! DY+ H]O1 MU/ BURN !IR MORTAL BODY IF ! IMMORTAL SPIRIT IS TO BE FREE4 

 ,AS MU* AS POSSIBLE IT MU/ BE MORE 9TELLIGIBLY /AT$4 ,!RE9 9DE$ LIES ! EV] RECURR+ MI/AKE ( \R DAY1 ?AT KN[L$GE IS NOT BR\<T TO COMPLETION & P]SPICUITY1 ?AT IT REMA9S A MAT]IAL & =MAL1 A POSITIVE ?+1 )\T RIS+ TO ! ABSOLUTE1 ?AT IT LOADS US D[N LIKE A BURD54 ,LIKE ! ANCI5TS1 ONE MU/ WI% = =GETFULNESS1 MU/ DR9K FROM ! BLESS$ ,LE!3 O!RWISE ONE DOES NOT COME TO ONES S5SES4 ,EV]Y?+ GREAT MU/ KN[ H[ TO DIE & TRANSFIGURE ITSELF ?R\< ITS DEA?2 ONLY ! MIS]ABLE ACCUMULATES LIKE ! FROZ5-LIMB$ SUPREME C\RT1.<#a.> HEAPS DOCUM5TS UPON DOCUM5TS1 & PLAYS = ! MILL5NIA 9 DELICATE PORCELA9 FIGURES1 LIKE ! IMMORTAL *ILDI%NESS ( ! ,*9ESE4 ,PROP] KN[L$GE P]FECTS ITSELF :5 IT /OPS BE+ KN[L$GE & BECOMES A SIMPLE HUMAN DRIVE ONCE AGA91 - ! WILL4 ,SO1 = EXAMPLE1 HE :O HAS DELIB]AT$ = MANY YE>S AB\T HIS 0CALL+ AS A HUMAN BE+10 WILL S9K ALL C>E & PILGRIMAGE ( SEEK+ 9 ONE MOM5T 9 ! ,LE! ( A SIMPLE FEEL+1 ( A DRIVE :I* FROM ?AT H\R 9 :I* HE HAS F\ND ! =M] GRADUALLY LEADS HIM4 ,! 0CALL+ ( MAN0 :I* HE WAS TRACK+ D[N ON A ?\S& PA?S & BYWAYS ( RESE>* BUR/S AS SOON AS IT HAS BE5 RECOGNIZ$ 9TO ! FLAME ( E?ICAL WILL & 9FLAMES ! BREA/ ( ! P]SON :O IS NOT DI/RACT$ ANY LONG] ) SEEK+ BUT HAS AGA9 BECOME FRE% & NATURAL4 

   ,UP1 BA!1 PUPIL UNWE>I$LY1 
 ,Y\R E>?LY BREA/ 9 ! R$NESS ( DAWN4.<#a#a.>   

 ,?AT IS ! 5D & AT ! SAME TIME ! IMMORTALITY1 ! ET]NITY ( KN[L$GE3 KN[L$GE1 :I* HAS BECOME ONCE AGA9 SIMPLE & DIRECT1 SETS & REVEALS ITSELF ANEW AS WILL 9 A NEW =M & 9 EV]Y ACTION4 ,! WILL IS NOT FUNDAM5TALLY RI<T1 AS ! PRACTICAL ONES W\LD LIKE V]Y MU* TO ASSURE US2 ONE MAY NOT PASS OV] ! DESIRE = KN[L$GE 9 ORD] TO /& IMM$IATELY 9 ! WILL1 BUT KN[L$GE P]FECTS ITSELF TO WILL :5 IT DES5SUALIZES ITSELF & CREATES ITSELF AS A SPIRIT 0:I* BUILDS ITS [N BODY40  ,!RE=E ADH]E TO ANY $UCATION :I* DOES NOT T]M9ATE 9 ?IS DEA? & ?IS ASC5SION ( KN[L$GE TO HEAV51 ! FRAILTY ( ?IS E>?LY LIFE1 =MALITY & MAT]IALITY1 D&YISM1 & MAT]IALISM4 ,A KN[L$GE :I* DOES NOT REF9E & CONC5TRATE ITSELF SO ?AT IT IS C>RI$ AWAY BY WILL1 OR1 9 O!R WORDS1 A KN[L$GE :I* ONLY BURD5S ME AS A BELONG+ & POSSESSION1 9/EAD ( HAV+ GONE ALONG ) ME COMPLETELY SO ?AT ! FREE-MOV+ EGO1 NOT 5CUMB]$ BY ANY DRAGG+ POSSESSIONS1 PASSES ?R\< ! WORLD ) A FRE% SPIRIT1 SU* A KN[L$GE !N1 :I* HAS NOT BECOME P]SONAL1 FURNI%ES A POOR PREP>ATION = LIFE4 ,ONE DOES NOT WANT TO LET IT COME TO ! AB/RACTION 9 :I* ! TRUE CONSECRATION ( ALL CONCRETE KN[L$GE IS FIR/ IMP>T$3 = ?R\< IT1 ! MAT]IAL WILL REALLY BE KILL$ & TRANS=M$ 9TO SPIRIT2 H[EV]1 TO MAN IS GIV5 ! ACTUAL & LA/ LIB]ATION4 ,ONLY 9 AB/RACTION IS FRE$OM3 ! FREE MAN IS ONLY HE :O HAS WON OV] ! BE/[AL & HAS TAK5 TOGE!R AGA9 9TO ! UNITY ( HIS EGO ?AT :I* HAS BE5 QUE/ION+LY 5TIC$ FROM HIMSELF4 

 ,IF IT IS ! DRIVE ( \R TIME1 AFT] FRE$OM ( ?\<T IS WON1 TO PURSUE IT TO ?AT P]FECTION ?R\< :I* IT *ANGES TO FRE$OM ( ! WILL 9 ORD] TO REALIZE ! LATT] AS ! PR9CIPLE ( A NEW ]A1 !N ! F9AL GOAL ( $UCATION CAN NO LONG] BE KN[L$GE1 BUT ! WILL BORN \T ( KN[L$GE1 & ! SPOK5 EXPRESSION ( ?AT = :I* IT HAS TO /RIVE IS3 ! P]SONAL OR FREE MAN4 ,TRU? ITSELF CONSI/S 9 NO?+ O!R ?AN MAN'S REVELATION ( HIMSELF1 & !RETO BELONGS ! DISCOV]Y ( HIMSELF1 ! LIB]ATION FROM ALL ?AT IS ALI51 ! UTT]MO/ AB/RACTION OR RELEASE FROM ALL AU?ORITY1 ! RE-WON NATURALNESS4 ,SU* ?OR\<LY TRUE M5 >E NOT SUPPLI$ BY S*OOL2 IF !Y >E NEV]!LESS !RE1 !Y >E !RE 9 SPITE ( S*OOL4 ,?IS 9DE$ MAKES US MA/]S ( ?+S AT ! MO/1 ALSO1 MA/]S ( \R NATURE2 IT DOES NOT MAKE US 9TO FREE NATURES4 ,NO KN[L$GE1 H[EV] ?OR\< & EXT5SIVE1 NO BRILLIANCE & P]SPICUITY1 NO DIALECTIC SOPHI/ICATION1 WILL PRES]VE US FROM ! COMMONNESS ( ?\<T & WILL4 ,IT IS TRULY NOT ! M]IT ( ! S*OOL IF WE DO NOT COME \T SELFI%4 ,EA* SORT ( CORRESPOND+ PRIDE & EV]Y W9D ( COVET\SNESS1 EAG]NESS = (FICE1 ME*ANICAL & S]VILE (FICI\SNESS1 HYPOCRISY1 ETC41 IS B\ND AS MU* ) EXT5SIVE KN[L$GE AS ) ELEGANT1 CLASSICAL $UCATION1 & S9CE ?IS :OLE 9/RUCTION EX]CISES NO 9FLU5CE ( ANY SORT ON \R E?ICAL BEHAVIOR1 IT ?US FREQU5TLY FALLS TO ! FATE ( BE+ =GOTT5 9 ! SAME MEASURE AS IT IS NOTUS$3 ONE %AKES (F ! DU/ ( ! S*OOL4 

 ,& ALL ( ?IS BECAUSE $UCATION IS S\<T ONLY 9 ITS =MAL OR MAT]IAL ASPECTS1 AT ! MO/1 9 BO?2 NOT 9 TRU?1 9 ! $UCATION ( ! TRUE MAN4 ,! REALI/S DO 9DE$ MAKE PROGRESS :5 !Y DEM& ?AT ! /UD5T %\LD F9D & UND]/& ?AT :I* BE LE>NS3 ,DIE/]WEG1.<#a#b.> = EXAMPLE1 KN[S H[ TO TALK A GREAT DEAL AB\T ! 0,PR9CIPLE ( EXP]I5CE02 BUT ! OBJECT IS NOT ! TRU?1 EV5 H]E1 BUT RA!R SOME SORT ( POSITIVE ?+ 7AS :I* RELIGION MU/ ALSO BE CONSID]$71 TO :I* ! /UD5T IS L$ TO BR+ 9TO AGREEM5T & COH]5CE ) ! SUM ( HIS O!R POSITIVE KN[L$GE )\T RAIS+ IT AT ALL ABOVE ! CRUDE /ATE ( EXP]I5CE & CONTEMPLATION1 & )\T ANY 9C5TIVE TO WORK FUR!R ) ! M9D :I* HE HAS GA9$ BY CONTEMPLATION & \T ( IT TO PRODUCE1 ?AT IS1 TO BE SPECULATIVE1 :I* FROM A PRACTICAL /&PO9T IMPLIES AS MU* AS TO BE MORAL & TO BEHAVE MORALLY4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 TO $UCATE RATIONAL PEOPLE1 ?AT %\LD BE SUFFICI5T2 IT IS NOT REALLY 9T5D$ = S5SIBLE PEOPLE2 TO UND]/& ?+S & CONDITIONS1 !RE ! MATT] IS 5D$1 - TO UND]/& ONESELF DOES NOT SEEM TO BE EV]YMAN'S CONC]N4 ,?US S5SE IS PROMOT$ = ! POSITIVE :E!R IT BE ACCORD+ TO ITS =MAL SIDE OR AT ! SAME TIME ACCORD+ TO ITS MAT]IAL SIDE1 & TEA*ES3 TO RECONCILE ONESELF TO ! POSITIVE4 ,9 ! P$AGOGICAL AS 9 C]TA9 O!R SPH]ES FRE$OM IS NOT ALL[$ TO ]UPT1 ! P[] ( ! OPPOSITION IS NOT ALL[$ TO PUT A WORD 9 $GEWISE3 !Y WANT SUBMISSIV5ESS4 ,ONLY A =MAL & MAT]IAL TRA9+ IS BE+ AIM$ AT & ONLY S*OL>S COME \T ( ! M5AG]IES ( ! HUMANI/S1 ONLY 0USEFUL CITIZ5S0 \T ( ?OSE ( ! REALI/S1 BO? ( :OM >E 9DE$ NO?+ BUT SUBS]VI5T PEOPLE4 

 ,\R GOOD BACKGR\ND ( RECALCITRANCY GETS /RONGLY SUPPRESS$ & ) IT ! DEVELOPM5T ( KN[L$GE TO FREE WILL4 ,! RESULT ( S*OOL LIFE !N IS PHILI/9ISM4 ,JU/ AS WE F\ND \R WAY 9TO & P]MEAT$ EV]Y?+ ) :I* WE W]E CONFRONT$ DUR+ \R *ILDHOOD1 SO WE DISCOV] & CONDUCT \RSELVES 9 LAT] YE>S1 RESIGN \RSELVES TO ! TIMES1 BECOME ITS S]VANTS & SO-CALL$ GOOD CITIZ5S4 ,:]E !N WILL A SPIRIT ( OPPOSITION BE /R5G!N$ 9 PLACE ( ! SUBS]VI5CE :I* HAS BE5 CULTIVAT$ UNTIL N[1 :]E WILL A CREATIVE P]SON BE $UCAT$ 9/EAD ( A LE>N+ ONE1 :]E DOES ! TEA*] TURN 9TO A FELL[ WORK]1 :]E DOES HE RECOGNIZE KN[L$GE AS TURN+ 9TO WILL1 :]E DOES ! FREE MAN C\NT AS A GOAL & NOT ! M]ELY $UCAT$ ONE8 ,UN=TUNATELY1 ONLY 9 A FEW PLACES YET4 ,! 9SI<T MU/ BECOME MORE UNIV]SAL1 NOT SO ?AT $UCATION1 CIVILIZATION1 ! HI<E/ TASK ( MAN IS DECID$1 BUT RA!R SELF-APPLICATION4 ,WILL $UCATION BE NEGLECT$ = ?AT REASON8 ,JU/ AS LITTLE AS WE >E DISPOS$ TO SUFF] LOSS ( FRE$OM ( ?\<T :ILE WE *ANGE IT 9TO FRE$OM ( WILL & GLORIFY IT4 ,IF MAN PUTS HIS HONOR FIR/ 9 RELY+ UPON HIMSELF1 KN[+ HIMSELF & APPLY+ HIMSELF1 ?US 9 SELF-RELIANCE1 SELF-ASS]TION1 & FRE$OM1 HE !N /RIVES TO RID HIMSELF ( ! IGNORANCE :I* MAKES \T ( ! /RANGE IMP5ETRABLE OBJECT A B>RI] & H9DRANCE TO HIS SELF-KN[L$GE4 ,IF ONE AWAK5S 9 M5 ! IDEA ( FRE$OM !N ! FREE M5 WILL 9CESSANTLY GO ON TO FREE !MSELVES2 IF1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 ONE ONLY $UCATES !M1 !N !Y WILL AT ALL TIMES ACCOMMODATE !MSELVES TO CIRCUM/ANCES 9 ! MO/ HI<LY $UCAT$ & ELEGANT MANN] & DEG5]ATE 9TO SUBS]VI5T CR++ S\LS4 ,:AT >E \R GIFT$ & $UCAT$ SUBJECTS = ! MO/ P>T8 ,SCORNFUL1 SMIL+ SLAVE-[N]S & !MSELVES - SLAVES4 

 ,! REALI/S MAY GLORY 9 !IR ADVANTAGE ?AT !Y DO NOT SIMPLY $UCATE S*OL>S1 BUT RATIONAL & USEFUL CITIZ5S3 9DE$1 !IR BASIC PR9CIPLE3 0ONE TEA*ES EV]Y?+ 9 RELATION TO PRACTICAL LIFE10 C\LD EV5 BE VALID AS ! MOTTO ( \R TIME IF !Y ONLY W\LD NOT 9T]PRET ! TRUE PRACTICE 9 A COMMON S5SE4 ,! TRUE PRACTICE IS NOT ?AT ( MAK+ ONE'S WAY ?R\< LIFE1 & KN[L$GE IS WOR? MORE ?AN ?AT ONE MI<T USE IT UP & !REBY SECURE ONE'S PRACTICAL GOALS4 ,MOREOV]1 ! HI<E/ PRACTICE IS ?AT A FREE MAN REVEAL HIMSELF1 & KN[L$GE ?AT KN[S TO DIE IS ! FRE$OM :I* (F]S LIFE4 0,! PRACTICAL LIFE60 ,) ?AT1 ONE ?9KS ONE HAS SAID A GREAT DEAL1 &1 /ILL1 EV5 ! ANIMALS LEAD A ?OR\<LY PRACTICAL LIFE & AS SOON AS ! MO!R HAS F9I%$ H] !ORETICAL WEAN+ P]IOD1 !Y EI!R SEEK !IR FOOD 9 FIELD & =E/ AS !Y PLEASE OR !Y >E H>NESS$ UP ) A YOKE = S]VICE4 ,S*EITL9.<#a#c.> ) HIS SCI5CE ( ANIMAL S\LS W\LD TAKE ! COMP>ISON EV5 MU* FUR!R1 9TO RELIGION1 AS IS CLE> FROM HIS ,SCI5CE ( ,ANIMAL ,S\LS1 A BOOK :I* = JU/ ?AT REASON IS V]Y 9/RUCTIVE BECAUSE IT PLACES ! ANIMAL SO CLOSE TO CIVILIZ$ MAN & CIVILIZ$ MAN SO CLOSE TO ! ANIMAL4 ,?AT 9T5TION 0TO $UCATE = PRACTICAL LIFE0 ONLY BR+S =? PEOPLE ( PR9CIPLES :O ACT & ?9K ACCORD+ TO MAXIMS1 BUT NO PR9CIPL$ M52 LEGAL M9DS1 NOT FREE ONES4 ,QUITE ANO!R ?+ >E PEOPLE :OSE TOTALITY ( ?\<T & ACTION SW+S 9 CONT9U\S MOVEM5T & REJUV5ATION & QUITE ANO!R ?+ >E SU* PEOPLE :O >E TRUE TO !IR CONVICTIONS3 ! CONVICTIONS !MSELVES REMA9 UN%AK51 DO NOT PULSE AS CONT9UALLY R5EW$ >T]IAL BLOOD ?R\< ! HE>T1 BUT FREEZE1 AS IT W]E1 AS SOLID BODIES & EV5 IF WON & NOT HAMM]$ 9TO ! HEAD >E C]TA9LY SOME?+ POSITIVE & :AT IS MORE1 C\NT AS SOME?+ HOLY4 

 ,A REALI/IC $UCATION1 !RE=E1 MAY WELL PRODUCE /RONG1 DILIG5T & HEAL?Y 9DIVIDUALS1 UN%AKABLE M51 TRUE HE>TS2 & ?AT IS 9DE$ A PRICELESS GA9 = \R FAIR SEX2 BUT ! ET]NAL  *>ACT]S 9 :OM CON/ANCE ONLY CONSI/S 9 ! UNREMITT+ FLOODS ( !IR H\RLY SELF-CREATION & :O >E !RE=E ET]NAL BECAUSE !Y =M !MSELVES EA* MOM5T1 BECAUSE !Y SET ! TEMPORAL CONC]NS ( !IR ACTUAL APPE>ANCE \T ( ! NEV]-WI!R+ OR AG+ FRE%NESS & CREATIVE ACTIVITY ( !IR ET]NAL SPIRIT -!Y DO NOT RESULT FROM ?AT $UCATION4 ,! SO-CALL$ S\ND *>ACT] IS EV5 9 ! BE/ 9/ANCE ONLY A RIGID ONE4 ,IF IT IS TO BE A P]FECT ONE !N IT MU/ BECOME AT ! SAME TIME A SUFF]+ ONE1 QUIV]+ & TREMBL+ 9 ! BLESS$ PASSION ( AN UNCEAS+ REJUV5ATION & REBIR?4 

 ,?US ! RADII ( ALL $UCATION RUN TOGE!R 9TO ONE C5T] :I* IS CALL$ P]SONALITY4 ,KN[L$GE1 AS S*OL>LY & PR(\ND OR AS WIDE & COMPREH5SIBLE AS IT MAY BE1 REMA9S 9DE$ ONLY A POSSESSION & BELONG+ SO LONG AS IT HAS NOT VANI%$ 9 ! 9VISIBLE PO9T ( ! EGO1 FROM !RE TO BREAK =? ALL-P[]FULLY AS WILL1 AS SUP]S5SUAL & 9COMPREH5SIBLE SPIRIT4 ,KN[L$GE EXP]I5CES ?IS TRANS=MATION !N1 :5 IT CEASES CL++ ONLY TO OBJECTS1 :5 IT HAS BECOME KN[L$GE ITSELF OR1 9 CASE ?IS SEEMS CLE>]1 :5 IT HAS BECOME KN[L$GE ( ! IDEA1 A SELF-AW>5ESS ( ! M9D4 ,!N IT TURNS ITSELF1 SO TO SPEAK1 9TO ! DRIVE1 ! 9/9CT ( ! M9D1 9TO A SUBCONSCI\S KN[L$GE :I* EV]YONE CAN AT LEA/ IMAG9E IF HE COMP>ES IT ) H[ SO MANY & COMPREH5SIVE EXP]I5CES ( HIS [N SELF BECOME SUBLIMAT$ 9TO ! SIMPLE FEEL+ :I* ONE CALLS TACT3 EV]Y?+ ( DIFFUSE KN[L$GE :I* IS PULL$ \T ( ?OSE EXP]I5CES IS CONC5TRAT$ 9TO IMM$IATE KN[L$GE :]EBY HE DET]M9ES HIS ACTIONS 9 AN 9/ANT4 ,KN[L$GE1 H[EV]1 MU/ P5ETRATE ?R\< TO ?IS IMMAT]IALITY :ILE IT SACRIFICES ITS MORTAL P>TS &1 AS IMMORTAL - BECOMES WILL4 

 ,! DIFFICULTY 9 \R $UCATION UP TILL N[ LIES1 = ! MO/ P>T1 9 ! FACT ?AT KN[L$GE DID NOT REF9E ITSELF 9TO WILL1 TO APPLICATION ( ITSELF1 TO PURE PRACTICE4 ,! REALI/S FELT ! NE$ & SUPPLI$ IT1 ?\< 9 A MO/ MIS]ABLE WAY1 BY CULTIVAT+ IDEA-LESS & FETT]$ 0PRACTICAL M540 ,MO/ COLLEGE /UD5TS >E LIV+ EXAMPLES ( ?IS SAD TURN ( EV5TS4 ,TRA9$ 9 ! MO/ EXCELL5T MANN]1 !Y GO ON TRA9+2 DRILL$1 !Y CONT9UE DRILL+4 ,EV]Y $UCATION1 H[EV]1 MU/ BE P]SONAL & /EMM+ FROM KN[L$GE1 IT MU/ CONT9U\SLY KEEP ! ESS5CE ( KN[L$GE 9 M9D1 NAMELY ?IS1 - ?AT IT MU/ NEV] BE A POSSESSION1 BUT RA!R ! EGO ITSELF4 ,9 A WORD1 IT IS NOT KN[L$GE ?AT %\LD BE TAU<T1 RA!R1 ! 9DIVIDUAL %\LD COME TO SELF-DEVELOPM5T2 P$AGOGY %\LD NOT PROCE$ ANY FUR!R T[>DS CIVILIZ+1 BUT T[>D ! DEVELOPM5T ( FREE M51 SOV]EIGN *>ACT]S2 & !RE=E1 ! WILL :I* UP TO ?IS TIME HAS BE5 SO /RONGLY SUPPRESS$1 MAY NO LONG] BE WEAK5$4 ,DO !Y NOT 9DE$ WEAK5 ! WILL TO KN[L$GE1 !N :Y WEAK5 ! WILL TO WILL8 ,AFT] ALL1 WE DO NOT H9D] MAN'S QUE/ = KN[L$GE2 :Y %\LD WE 9TIMIDATE HIS FREE WILL8 ,IF WE NURTURE ! =M]1 WE %\LD NURTURE ! LATT] AS WELL4 

 ,*ILDLIKE OB/9ACY & 9TRACTABILITY HAVE AS MU* RI<T AS *ILDLIKE CURIOSITY4 ,! LATT] IS BE+ /IMULAT$2 SO ONE %ALL ALSO CALL =? ! NATURAL /R5G? ( ! WILL1 OPPOSITION4 ,IF A *ILD DOES NOT LE>N SELF-AW>5ESS1 !N HE PLA9LY DOES NOT LE>N ?AT :I* IS MO/ IMPORTANT4 ,!Y DO NOT SUPPRESS HIS PRIDE OR HIS FRANKNESS4 ,MY [N FRE$OM IS SAFE FROM HIS WILD SPIRITS4 ,IF PRIDE TURNS 9TO SPITE1 !N ! *ILD APPROA*ES ME ) VIOL5CE2 ,I DO NOT HAVE TO 5DURE ?IS S9CE ,I AM JU/ AS FREE AS ! *ILD4 ,MU/ ,I H[EV] DEF5D MYSELF AGA9/ HIM BY US+ ! CONV5I5T RAMP>T ( AU?ORITY8 ,NO1 ,I OPPOSE HIM ) ! /R5G? ( MY [N FRE$OM2 ?US ! SPITE ( ! *ILD WILL BREAK UP BY ITSELF4 ,:OEV] IS A COMPLETE P]SON DOES NOT NE$ - TO BE AN AU?ORITY4 ,& IF FRANKNESS BREAKS \T 9TO 9SOL5CE1 !N ?IS LOSES ITS VIGOR 9 ! T5D] /R5G? ( A TRUE WIFE 9 H] MO!RL9ESS OR 9 ! FIRMNESS ( ! HUSB&2 HE IS V]Y WEAK :O MU/ CALL TO AU?ORITY = HELP & HE DOES WRONG IF HE ?9KS TO IMPROVE ! IMPUD5T AS SOON AS HE MAKES HIM FE>FUL4 ,TO PROMOTE FE> & RESPECT2 ?OSE >E ?+S ?AT BELONG ) ! P]IOD ( ! DEAD ROCOCO4 

 ,:AT DO WE COMPLA9 AB\T !N :5 WE TAKE A LOOK AT ! %ORTCOM+S ( \R S*OOL $UCATION ( TODAY8 ,AB\T ! FACT ?AT \R S*OOLS /ILL /& ON ! OLD PR9CIPLE1 ?AT ( WILL-LESS KN[L$GE4 ,! NEW PR9CIPLE IS ?AT ( ! WILL AS GLORIFICATION ( KN[L$GE4 ,!RE=E NO 0,CONCORDAT BETWE5 S*OOL & LIFE10 BUT RA!R S*OOL IS TO BE LIFE & !RE1 AS \TSIDE ( IT1 ! SELF-REVELATION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL IS TO BE ! TASK4 ,! UNIV]SAL $UCATION ( S*OOL IS TO BE AN $UCATION = FRE$OM1 NOT = SUBS]VI5CE3 TO BE FREE1 ?AT IS TRUE LIFE4 ,! 9SI<T 9TO ! LIFELESSNESS ( HUMANISM %\LD HAVE =C$ REALISM TO ?IS KN[L$GE4 ,MEAN:ILE1 ONE BECAME AW>E 9 HUMANI/IC $UCATION ONLY ( ! LACK ( ANY CAPACITY = SO-CALL$ PRACTICAL 7B\RGEOIS - NOT P]SONAL7 LIFE & TURN$ 9 OPPOSITION AGA9/ ?AT SIMPLY =MAL $UCATION TO A MAT]IAL $UCATION1 9 ! BELIEF ?AT BY COMMUNICAT+ ?AT MAT]IAL :I* IS USEFUL 9 SOCIAL 9T]C\RSE ONE W\LD NOT ONLY SURPASS =MALISM1 BUT W\LD EV5 SATISFY ! HI<E/ REQUIREM5T4 ,BUT EV5 PRACTICAL $UCATION /ILL /&S F> BEH9D ! P]SONAL & FREE1 & GIVES ! =M] ! SKILL TO FI<T ?R\< LIFE1 ?US ! LATT] PROVIDES ! /R5G? TO /RIKE ! SP>K ( LIFE \T ( ONESELF2 IF ! =M] PREP>ES TO F9D ONESELF AT HOME 9 A GIV5 WORLD1 SO ! LATT] TEA*ES TO BE AT HOME ) ONESELF4 ,WE >E NOT YET EV]Y?+ :5 WE MOVE AS USEFUL MEMB]S ( SOCIETY2 WE >E MU* MORE ABLE TO P]FECT ?IS ONLY IF WE >E FREE PEOPLE1 SELF-CREAT+ 7CREAT+ \RSELVES7 PEOPLE4 

 ,N[ IF ! IDEA & IMPULSE ( MOD]N TIMES IS FREE WILL1 !N P$AGOGY MU/ HOV] 9 FRONT AS ! BEG9N+ & ! AIM ( ! $UCATION ( ! FREE P]SONALITY4 ,HUMANI/S1 LIKE REALI/S1 /ILL LIMIT !MSELVES TO KN[L$GE1 & AT MO/1 !Y LOOK TO FREE ?\<T & MAKE US 9TO FREE ?9K]S BY !ORETICAL LIB]ATION4 ,?R\< KN[L$GE1 H[EV]1 WE BECOME ONLY 9T]NALLY FREE1 7A FRE$OMMOREOV ]1 ?AT IS NEV] AGA9 TO BE GIV5 UP72 \TW>DLY1 ) ALL FRE$OM ( CONSCI5CE & FRE$OM ( ?\<T1 WE CAN REMA9 SLAVES & REMA9 9 SUBJECTION4 ,& 9DE$1 EXT]NAL FRE$OM IS = KN[L$GE JU/ ?AT :I* ! 9N] & TRUE1 ! MORAL FRE$OM1 IS = ! WILL4 

 ,9 ?IS UNIV]SAL $UCATION1 !RE=E1 BECAUSE ! L[E/ & HI<E/ MEET TOGE!R 9 IT1 WE COME UPON ! TRUE EQUALITY ( ALL = ! FIR/ TIME1 ! EQUALITY ( FREE PEOPLE3 ONLY FRE$OM IS EQUALITY4 

 ,ONE CAN1 IF ONE WANTS A NAME1 PLACE ! MORALI/S ABOVE ! HUMANI/S & REALI/S S9CE !IR F9AL GOAL IS MORAL $UCATION4 ,!N1 TO BE SURE1 ! PROTE/ COMES IMM$IATELY ?AT AGA9 !Y WILL WANT TO $UCATE US TO ADH]E TO POSITIVE LAWS ( MORALITY & BASICALLY1 ?AT ?IS HAS ALREADY TAK5 PLACE UP TO ! PRES5T TIME4 ,BECAUSE IT HAS ALREADY HAPP5$ UP TO N[1 !RE=E ,I AM NOT ( ?AT OP9ION1 & ?AT ,I WANT ! /R5G? ( OPPOSITION TO BE AWAK5$ & ! SELF-WILL NOT TO BE BROK51 BUT RA!R TO BE TRANS=M$1 ?AT C\LD CL>IFY ! DIFF]5CE SUFFICI5TLY4 ,9 ORD] /ILL TO DIFF]5TIATE ! CLAIM :I* IS SET =? H]E FROM ! BE/ EF=TS ( ! REALI/S1 SU* A ONE1 = EXAMPLE1 AS IS EXPRESS$ 9 ! REC5TLY PUBLI%$ PROGRAM ( ,DIE/]WEG ON PAGE #c#f3 0,9 ! LACK ( $UCATION = *>ACT] LIES ! WEAKNESS ( \R S*OOLS1 LIKE ! WEAKNESS ( \R OV]ALL $UCATION4 ,WE DO NOT 9CULCATE ANY CONVICTIONS10 ,I RA!R SAY1 WE NE$ FROM N[ ON A P]SONAL $UCATION 7NOT ! IMPRESS+ ( CONVICTIONS74 ,IF ONE WANTS TO CALL AGA9 ?OSE :O FOLL[ ?IS PR9CIPLE -I/S1 !N1 9 MY OP9ION1 ONE MAY CALL !M P]SONALI/S4 

 ,!RE=E1 TO GO BACK TO ,HE9SIUS ONCE AGA91 ! 0VIGOR\S DESIRE ( ! NATION1 ?AT ! S*OOL MI<T BE MORE CLOSELY ALLI$ ) LIFE0 WILL ONLY BE FULFILL$ IF ONE F9DS REAL LIFE 9 FULL P]SONALITY1 9DEP5D5CE & FRE$OM1 S9CE :OEV] /RIVES T[>D ?IS GOAL REL9QUI%ES NO?+ ( ! GOOD ( HUMANISM NOR ( REALISM1 BUT RA!R RAISES !M BO? 9F9ITELY HI<] & 5NOBLES !M4 ,EV5 ! NATIONAL PO9T ( VIEW :I* ,HE9SIUS TAKES /ILL CANNOT BE PRAIS$ AS ! RI<T ONE1 S9CE ?AT IS ONLY ! P]SONAL ONE4 ,ONLY ! FREE & P]SONAL MAN IS A GOOD CITIZ5 7REALI/71 & EV5 ) ! LACK ( P>TICUL> 7S*OL>LY1 >TI/IC1 ETC7 CULTURE1 A TA/EFUL JUDGE 7HUMANI/74 

 ,IF MY CONCLUSION IS TO EXPRESS 9 A FEW WORDS :I* GOAL \R TIME HAS TO /E] T[>D1 !N ! NECESS>Y DECL9E ( NON-VOLUNT>Y LE>N+ & RISE ( ! SELF-ASSUR$ WILL :I* P]FECTS ITSELF 9 ! GLORI\S SUNLI<T ( ! FREE P]SON MAY BE EXPRESS$ SOME:AT AS FOLL[S3 KN[L$GE MU/ DIE & RISE AGA9 AS WILL & CREATE ITSELF ANEW EA* DAY AS A FREE P]SON4#a#d 

 .<#a.>,OTTO ,FRI$RI* ,!ODOR ,HE9SIUS 7#a#g#g-#a#h#d#i71 PHILOLOGI/1 PR(ESSOR1 & LAT] DIRECTOR ( ! ,C\V5T-,GRIS 9 ,B]L91 AU?OR ( SEV]AL HI<LY REG>D$ GRAMM>S & DICTION>IES1 HI/ORIES ( ,G]MAN LIT]ATURE4 ,! BOOK CIT$ BY ,/IRN] IS ,KONKORDAT ZWIS*5 ,S*ULE UND ,LEB51 OD] ,V]MITTELUNG DES ,HUMANISMUS UND ,REALISMUS1 AUS NATIONALI/IS*E ,/&PUNKT BETRA*TET1 PUBLI%$ BY ,S*ULTZE 9 ,B]L9 9 #a#h#d#b4 ,ALSO USEFUL IS HIS ,ZEITGEMASSE ,PADAGOGIK D] ,S*ULE3 HI/ORIS* UND KRITIS* AUFGEFAS/ FUR DAS GESAMMTE ,S*ULPUBLIKUM1 PUBLI%$ 9 ,B]L9 9 #a#h#d#d4 

 .<#b.>,WILHELM-,TRAUGOTT ,KRUG 7#a#g#g-#a#h#d#b71 FAM\S ,G]MAN LIB]AL PHILOSOPH] & LIT]>Y FIGURE1 SUCCESSOR TO ,IMMANUEL ,KANT TO ! *AIR ( LOGIC & METAPHYSICS AT ,KONIGSB]G ,9 #a#h#e1 & FROM #ahi TO #ahcd PR(ESSOR ( PHILOSOPHY AT ,LEIPZIG4 ,KRUG SUSP5D$ HIS ACADEMIC C>E] TO FI<T AGA9/ ,NAPOLEON 9 #a#h#a#c1 & WAS SUBSEQU5TLY PRESID5T ( ! ,TUG5DBUND4 ,HE WAS AU?OR ( MORE ?AN A SCORE ( WORKS1 SEV]AL ( !M 9 S]IES ( TWO TO FIVE VOLUMES4 

 .<#c.> ,GES*I*TE DES BR&5BURGIS*-PREUSSIS*5 ,/AATES4 ,E9 ,BU* FUR ,J$]MANN WAS PUBLI%$ 9 #a#h#d#b4 ,! AU?OR1 ,A4 ,ZIMM]MANN1 IS A V]Y ELUSIVE FIGURE1 & VIRTUALLY NO?+ IS KN[N ( HIM EV5 TODAY4 ,AT ONE TIME HE WAS CONFUS$ ]RONE\SLY ) ,WILHELM ,ZIMM]MANN 7#a#h#g-#a#h#g#h71 A PROLIFIC WRIT] ( POPUL>LY WRITT5 HI/ORIES1 MANY ( :I* APPE>$ 9 ! DECADES ( ! #a#h#dS & #a#h#eS4 

 .<#d.> ,CF4 ,G]4 RUCKSI*TSLOS51 US$ 9 A SPECIAL S5SE H]E1 AS ! OPPOSITE ( CONTEMPLATIVE1 NOT BOORI% OR ?\<TLESS4 

 .<#e.> ,CF4 ,G]4 ,9DU/RIELL]4 ,FROM ! CONTEXT !RE IS NO EVID5CE ?AT ,/IRN]'S CRITIQUE IS BE+ DIRECT$ TO :AT WE W\LD CALL 9DU/RIALI/S OR MANUFACTUR]S TODAY4 ,P]HAPS ! CLOSE/ WE CAN COME TO HIS ?9K+ H]E W\LD BE ! T]M ( ,ALB]T ,JAY ,NOCK1 0ECONOMISM01 AS A DESCRIPTION ( A LIFE DEVOT$ ALMO/ EXCLUSIVELY TO ! PRODUCTION & CONSUMPTION ( GOODS = ! SAKE ( PRODUC+ & CONSUM+1 9/EAD ( = !IR DISCRIM9AT+ 5JOYM5T4 

 .<#f.> ,K>L ,F]D9& ,BECK] 7#a#g#g#e-#a#h#d#i71 FAM\S ,G]MAN GRAMM>IAN1 /UD5T ( ! LOGIC ( ,G]MAN SPEE*1 9NOVATOR 9 FIELDS ( SYNTAX & /YLE4 ,HIS ,DEUTS*E ,GRAMMATIK WAS PUBLI%$ 9 #a#h#b#i1 HIS ,ORGANISMUS D] DEUTS*5 ,SPRA*E WAS 9 A SECOND $ITION 9 #a#h#d#a4 

 .<#g.> ,FRI$RI* ,WILHELM ,JOSEF VON ,S*ELL+ 7#a#g#g#e-#a#h#e#d71 A MAJOR FIGURE ,9 ,G]MAN PHILOSOPHY1 BUT ALSO A PHILOLOGI/ ( SUB/ANCE4 

 .<#h.> ,JOHANN ,FRI$RI* ,H]B>T 7#a#g#g#f-#a#h#d#a71 ,G]MAN PHILOSOPH] & CRITIC ( PHILOSOPH]S & PHILOSOPHY1 A DISCIPLE ( ,WOLF & ,KANT & LAT] A CRITIC ( ,KANT & ,HEGEL4 ,AT ONE TIME A PR(ESSOR AT ,J5A & LAT] AT ,KONIGSB]G & ,GOTT+51 HIS BOOKS1 :I* 9CLUD$ SEV]AL WORKS ON P$AGOGY & $UCATIONAL !ORY1 W]E WELL KN[N 9 ,G]MANY4 

 .<#i.>  ,K>L ,*RI/IAN ,FRI$RI* ,KRAUSE 7#a#g#h#a-#a#h#c#b71 PROLIFIC WRIT] 9 ! FIELD ( PHILOSOPHY1 & ESPECIALLY ON ! SUBJECT ( !ORIES ( LE>N+4 ,HE WAS ! AU?OR ( NE>LY TW5TY-FIVE BOOKS & MANY SMALL] PIECES1 A NUMB] ( :I* W]E PUBLI%$ PO/HUM\SLY4 

 .<"4.> ,COMP>E ) ,MATT4 #a2#c#i & ,LUKE #a#g2#c#c 

 .<#a.> ,A REF]5CE TO ! OLD SUPREME C\RT ( ! ,SECOND ,G]MAN ,EMPIRE1 :I* BY ,/IRN]'S TIME HAD BE51 = ALL PRACTICAL PURPOSES DEFUNCT = MORE ?AN A C5TURY1 BUT :I* CONT9U$ ITS =MAL EXI/5CE ?R\< LACK+ ANY MEANS = 5=C+ ITS V]DICTS4 

 .<#a#a.>,FROM ,GOE!'S ,FAU/11 A QUOTATION :I* HAS BE5 EXCE$+LY FAMILI> TO G5]ATIONS ( ,G]MAN /UD5TS4 

 .<#a#b.> ,FRI$RI* ,ADOLF ,WILHELM ,DIE/]WEG 7#a#g#i-#a#h#f#c71 =MIDABLE ,G]MAN PHILOLOGI/ & $UCATIONAL CRITIC1 DIRECTOR ( ! TEA*]S COLLEGE 9 ,B]L9 9 #a#h#c#b4 ,HE /AG$ A FI]CE ATTACK ON CONTROL ( $UCATION BY ,/ATE & ,*UR*1 & AS A SUPPORT] ( A PROGRAM = C5T]+ $UCATION >\ND ! *ILD HE WAS WIDELY REF]R$ TO AS AN EMULATOR & CONT9UATOR ( ! ,SWISS $UCATIONAL RE=M] ,JOHANN ,HE9RI* ,PE/ALOZZI 7#a#g#d#f-#a#h#b#g74 ,DIE/]WEG1 ! $ITOR ( TWO $UCATIONAL J\RNALS ( CONSID]ABLE IMPORTANCE1 WAS =C$ TO RETIRE 9 #ahe AFT] YE>S ( BITT] ATTACKS4 ,AS 9 ! CASE ( ,PR(ESSOR ,KRUG1 HE WAS HI<LY REG>D$ 9 ,FRANCE4 

 .<#a#c.> ,V]SU* E9] VOLL/&IG5 ,?I]SEEL5KUNDE BY ,PET] ,S*EITL9 WAS PUBLI%$ 9 ,/UTTG>T & ,TUB+5 9 #a#h#d4 

 #ad ,N,O,T,E3 ! ASSI/ANCE ( ,HANS ,G4 ,HELMS 9 ! RESOLUTION ( DIFFICULT & OBSCURE PASSAGES & T]M9OLOGY 9 ?IS TRANSLATION IS GRATEFULLY ACKN[L$G$4 

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