,*APT] #g - ,P>TY ,L9ES & ,POLITICS 

#aigaig 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ALB]T ,MELTZ] 

,AU?OR 3 ,/U>T ,*RI/IE 

,TEXT 3 

#g ,P>TY ,L9ES & ,POLITICS 

,POLITICAL P>TIES >E ASSOCIATIONS AIM+ AT P[]4 ,SOME TIMES P>TIES REPRES5T CLASSES1 ESPECIALLY :5 A RUL+ CLASS IS DRIV5 TO A LA/-DIT* DEF5SE & HAS TO CLOSE RANKS4 ,BUT O!R FACTORS ALSO COME 9TO PLAY1 SU* AS P]SONAL QU>RELS & AMBITIONS1 ! DRIVE ( A NEW P[] ELITE1 HI/ORICAL CONT9UITY1 IDEOLOGICAL DIFF]5CES1 OR A COMB9ATION ( SOME OR ALL ( !SE FACTORS4 

,MAT]IALI/IC CONSID]ATIONS (T51 ?\< NOT ALWAYS1 DOM9ATE OV] IDEOLOGICAL ONES1 & T5D TO FA%ION ! LATT]4 ,! ANTI-CL]ICAL & FREE-?9K+ ,FR5* B\RGEOISIE1 = 9/ANCE1 F\ND ITS WAY BACK TO POLITICAL ,CA?OLICISM NOT BY REASON ( ANY 0LI<T ON ! WAY TO ,DAMASCUS0 OR EV5 BY CONSCI\S DECISION1 BUT SOLELY BECAUSE ( G5]AL AL>M AT ! WAY 9 :I* ! WORK+ CLASS HAD PICK$ UP ITS [N ICONOCLA/IC BELIEFS4 ,9 ! SAME WAY ! SLAVES ( ,HAITI HAD EMBRAC$ ! REPUBLICAN IDEAS ( !IR ,FR5* MA/]S1 :O !REUPON REACT$ MU* AS W\LD ! OLD NOBILITY4 ,!RE HAS BE5 QUITE SOME AL>M H]E TOO1 ( REC5T YE>S1 9 ! WAY 9 :I* DISILLUSION ) GOV]NM5T HAS SPREAD AMONG ! Y\NG] G5]ATION4 

,TORIES & ,:IGS W]E ORIG9ALLY DIFF]5TIAT$ BY ! MORE PROGRESSIVE VIEWS ( ! LATT] SECTION ( ! ,BRITI% >I/OCRACY1 :O NATURALLY CAME TO EXPECT ?AT POPUL> RADICALISM W\LD RALLY BEH9D !M1 EV5 AT ! P]IOD :5 ,:IGGI% ATTA*M5T TO LIB]TY HAD LONG BE5 CONSIGN$ TO ! PA/ 7IT WAS !Y :O DEPORT$ ! TRADE UNION PIONE]S TO ,AU/RALIA74 ,:IGS & ,TORIES BECAME 9DI/+UI%ABLE1 & ! P>TY BROKE UP4 ,AT ?AT JUNCTURE IT WAS ! P>TICUL> CONTRIBUTION ( ,DISRAELI TO POLITICS ?AT HE SAW IT WAS ILLOGICAL ?AT 9 ! NEW1 ,LIB]AL ,P>TY ?AT 9H]IT$ ! ,:IG MANTLE1 ! URBAN WORK+ CLASS %\LD FOLL[1 NOT !IR OLD >I/OCRATIC 0PROTECTORS01 BUT ! V]Y ,LIB]AL 9DU/RIALI/S :O W]E DIRECTLY EXPLOIT+ !M4 ,ACCORD+ TO HIM1 ! NATURAL NEW 0PROTECTORS0 ( ! EXPLOIT$ 9DU/RIAL WORK]S W]E ! REACTION>Y L&[N]S1 :O MI<T WELL OPPRESS ! RURAL WORK]S BUT HAD A COMMON 5EMY ) ! FACTORY PROLET>IAT 9 ! MANUFACTUR+ CLASS4 ,GIV5 SU* AN ALLIANCE1 IT SEEM$ TO HIM !RE WAS NO REASON :Y ! ,TORIES C\LD NOT GIVE UP1 !IR REACTION>Y VIEWS1 & BECOME RE=M]S AT ! EXP5SE ( ! ,LIB]AL 9DU/RIALI/S4 ,UNIV]SAL SUFFRAGE C\LD !N FAVOR ! ,CONS]VATIVES-& W\LD 0DI% ! ,:IGS04 ,! POLICY WAS DESCRIB$ BY ,C>LYLE AS 0%OOT+ ,NIAG>A0 4 ,! SAGE REACT$ TO IT AS DID ,BISM>CK :5 ,LASSALLE TRI$ TO P]SUADE HIM ( ?IS 0NATURAL ALLIANCE0 TOO4 ,IT IS 9 ! NATURE ( CONS]VATISM TO DI/RU/ LEAPS 9 ! D>K1 & 0A LEAP 9 ! D>K0 IS EXACTLY H[ ,TORIES DESCRIB$ !IR LEAD]'S PROGRAM4 ,YET IT WAS A SUCCESSFUL LEAP SO F> AS !Y W]E CONC]N$4 ,DISRAELI ASSOCIAT$ IT ) POPUL> SUPPORT = IMP]IALISM4 ,& QUICK VICTORIES & PA9LESS PATRIOTISM1 ALLI$ TO A REG>D = WORK+-CLASS VOTES1 MEANT ?AT ! ,CONS]VATIVE ,P>TY GOT1 & RETA9S TO ?IS DAY1 A DEGREE ( ?AT VOTE4 ,! ,LIB]AL ,P>TY WAS TOTALLY DEPRIV$ ( ! ONLY REASON = ITS EXI/5CE4 ,= AS ! CAPITALI/ PROSP]$ UND] EMPIRE-BUILD+1 HE BECAME AN 9TEGRAL P>T ( ! RUL+ CLASS4 ,JOSEPH ,*AMB]LA9 TOOK ! ,LIB]AL 9DU/RIALI/S 9TO ! ,CONS]VATIVE CAMP1 BUT IT WAS P>T ( A G5]AL 9T]M>RIAGE ( ! TOP CLASSES4 ,AFT] ?AT1 ! WORK+ CLASS C\LD EI!R LOOK TO ! ,CONS]VATIVE & ,UNIONI/ ,P>TY AS ITS 0PROTECTOR01 OR =M ITS [N P>TY4 ,EV5TUALLY ?AT CAME AB\T4 ,! ,LIB]AL ,P>TY CEAS$ TO HAVE RELEVANCE EXCEPT AS AN ASSOCIATION = P]SONAL AMBITIONS1 HI/ORICAL LOYALTIES & CONFUS$ IDEOLOGIES4 ,! ,LABOR ,P>TY1 H[EV]1 TOOK ON ! OLD ROLE ( LIB]ALISM1 & F\ND ! WORK+ CLASS A NEW TYPE ( 0PROTECTOR0 9 ! CIVIL S]VICE4 

,!RE >E ALWAYS REASONS1 FALSE ONLY TO ! REVOLUTION>Y1 = SUPPORT+ ONE P>TY AGA9/ ANO!R4 ,VICTORY = ,TWE$L$UM MEANS DEFEAT = ,TWE$L$EE4 ,9 ,AU/RIA1 ! SOCIAL-DEMOCRATS & LIB]ALS SUPPORT$ ! FASCISM ( ,DOLLFUSS AGA9/ ! NAZISM ( ,HITL]4 ,MANY :O HAD SWORN NEV] TO VOTE ,LABOR AGA9 BECAUSE IT HAD AGRE$ TO ! ,H-BOMB ?AT C\LD HAVE 5D$ ! WORLD1 SUPPORT$ IT AFT] ! ,TORIES BR\<T 9 A ,R5T ,ACT ?AT EXAC]BAT$ ! H\S+ PROBLEM4 ,REASONS = VOT+ >E MAGNIFI$ \T ( PROPORTION1 & MADE 9TO POLITICAL ISSUES4 ,IT /ILL REMA9S TRUE ?AT P>TIES >E REFLECTIONS ( P[] 9T]E/S1 EV5 ?\< IT MAY NOT ALWAYS IMM$IATELY BE POSSIBLE TO ID5TIFY ONE P>TY ) ONE CLASS 9T]E/4 

,SOME PEOPLE F9D IT UND]/&ABLY DIFFICULT TO GRASP ! COMPLEXITY ( SO MANY P>TIES1 ONCE !Y HAVE GRADUAT$ FROM ! DISCOV]Y ?AT !RE >E MORE ?AN TWO OR ?REE MA9 ONES4 ,UND]/&+ IS NOT MADE EASY BY ! HACKNEY$ IMAGE ( ! P>TIES OR IDEAS /&+ FROM RI<T OR LEFT LIKE A R[ ( N9EP9S WAIT+ = ! BALL TO HIT !M4 ,! SEAT+ >RANGEM5TS ( ! ,FR5* ,*AMB] ( ,DEPUTIES1 ON :I* ! T]MS 0,RI<T0 & 0,LEFT0 >E BAS$1 W]E NO D\BT A CONV5I5T WAY ( SPREAD+ ! CR[D >\ND ?AT AUGU/ BODY1 BUT LEAVE MU* TO BE DESIR$ 9 ! WAY ( EXPLA9+ :AT POLITICAL DIFF]5CES >E ALL AB\T1 SO LONG AFT] ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION4 

,JU/ AS ! ,BRITI% PUBLIC HAS BE5 P]SUAD$ BY ! ADV]TIS+ WORLD ?AT EV]YONE IS MIDDLE-CLASS & %\LD LIVE UP TO ?AT /&>D1 SO ! ,FR5* ,DEPUTIES1 AFT] ! ,SECOND ,WORLD ,W> DISCR$IT$ ! ,RI<T ,W+ BECAUSE ( ITS COLLABORATION ) NAZISM1 ALL WANT$ TO SIT ON ! LEFT1 LEAV+ EMPTY B5*ES ON ! RI<T4 ,ONLY ! RESUM$ CONFID5CE ( ! ,RI<T1 :5 ! B\RGEOISIE FELT SECURE FROM SOCIAL REVOLUTION 7?ANKS TO ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY71 SAV$ ! ,F\R? ,REPUBLIC ! EXP5SE ( BUILD+ A DIFF]5TLY %AP$ *AMB]4 

,9 MANY C\NTRIES 0RI<T0 & 0LEFT0 HAVE BE5 US$ 9 A S5SELESS FA%ION1 M]ELY TO 9DICATE AN ATTITUDE TO ,MOSC[4 ,= ,MOSC[ ITSELF1 TO BE MORE 0LEFT0 ?AN !Y WAS TO BE SUFF]+1 9 ,L59'S PHRASE1 FROM 0AN 9FANTILE DISORD]04 ,YET ! AN>*I/S1 = 9/ANCE1 :ATEV] ! NEWSPAP] READ] MI<T ?9K1 >E NOT 0MORE EXTREME0 ?AN ! COMMUNI/S2 !Y >E AT QUITE A DIFF]5T EXTREME4 ,HALF ! DEFEATS 5C\NT]$ BY ! AN>*I/S AS AN ORGANIZ$ 5TITY HAVE BE5 ! RESULT ( BE+ P]SUAD$ ?AT !Y >E P>T ( A NATURAL 0LEFT W+0 PROGRESSION4 ,! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY IS NOT NE>] TO ! ,LABOR ,P>TY ?AN IT IS TO ! ,LIB]ALS1 NOR >E ! LATT] NECESS>ILY F>!R AWAY FROM FASCISM ?AN ! ,TORIES 7,LLOYD ,GEORGE1 = 9/ANCE74 

,ONCE AGA9 WE HAVE REC\RSE TO A DIAGRAM4 ,?IS SUPPOSES ?AT !RE >E TWO SOCIAL CONSID]ATIONS3 9DIVIDUALI/IC & TOTALIT>IAN4 ,9 ! WAY 9 :I* WE LIVE1 ! BASIC DET]M9+ FACTOR IS EI!R ! 9DIVIDUAL OR ! ,/ATE4 ,& !RE >E TWO ECONOMIC CONSID]ATIONS3 COMPETITIVE & COLLECTIVE4 ,! WAY 9 :I* WE WORK IS EI!R CAPITALI/IC OR SOCIALI/IC4 ,IDEOLOGIES RELEVANT TO ! PRES5T TIME1 NOT JU/ !ORETICAL ADV5TURES ( :I* ! 9V5TIVE POLITICAL M9D IS PROLIFIC BUT :I* FAIL TO RELATE TO CURR5T ISSUES1 CAN NORMALLY BE UND]/OOD 9 ! RELATION ( !IR SOCIAL \TLOOK TO !IR ECONOMIC4 ,9 ?IS S5SE1 ! DIAGRAM IS A R\<-&-READY GUIDE TO POLITICAL !ORY1 & ONE CAN AT LEA/ SAY = IT ?AT IT MAKES F> MORE S5SE ?AN ! DRAW+ ( A L9E FROM RI<T TO LEFT1 :I* UP TO N[ HAS BE5 ACCEPT$ AS A SUITABLE ILLU/RATION4 

 FIG4#h 

,AN>*I/S >E AT ONE EXTREME ( 9DIVIDUALISM & !Y >E ALSO AT AN EXTREME ( ! LABOR MOVEM5T1 OR ( NONCOMPETITIVE IDEOLOGY4 ,AT ! O!R EXTREME ( 9DIVIDUALISM IS ! FREE-5T]PRISE CAPITALI/1 :OSE VIEWS HAVE LONG BE5 ADVOCAT$ 9 ?IS C\NTRY BY ,SIR ,]NE/ ,B5N & ! ,9DIVIDUALI/S1 & N[ BY ,MR ,5O* ,P[ELL -- :OSE DEF5SE ( CAPITALISM HAS BECOME OV]-%AD[$ BY HIS USE ( RACE = CREAT+ DIVISION4 ,9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES IT IS ?\<T ( AS CONS]VATISM PROP]1 & HAS BE5 ADVOCAT$ AS ! ONLY POSSIBLE ALT]NATIVE TO 0SOCIALISM04 ,?IS TYPE ( CAPITALI/ ?9K+ IS AT ANO!R EXTREME FROM FASCISM1 IF ONE ?9KS ( ! LATT] 9 T]MS ( ,HITL]'S NATIONAL-SOCIALISM4 ,BUT BECAUSE IT SOMETIMES EMPLOYS ! SAME TYPE ( ?UGG]Y 9 DEF5SE ( ITS 9T]E/S1 OR FAVORS A SIMIL> SET ( PEOPLE1 OR FALLS BACK ON ANTI-RACE ATTITUDES TO MAKE A POPUL> APPEAL1 IT IS SOMETIMES CONFUS$ ) FASCISM4 0,FASCISM0 HAS 9 ANY CASE BECOME AN EMOTIVE WORD S9CE ! W> & IS (T5 US$ M]ELY TO CONNOTE P]SONAL VIOL5CE4 ,IT IS NOT A CO9CID5CE ?AT MOVEM5TS CONC]N$ ) ! PRES]VATION ( A PRIVILEG$ M9ORITY OR ( ! ,/ATE HAVE HAD TO EMPLOY VIOL5CE TO KEEP D[N ! WORK]S4 ,BUT IT HAS NEV] BE5 9DIVIDUAL VIOL5CE -- ALWAYS ORGANIZ$ ?UGG]Y ( AN (FICIAL OR UN(FICIAL POLICE V>IETY4 

,! SAME CONFUSION HAS EXI/$ BETWE5 FASCISM & COMMUNISM1 ONLY BECAUSE ( ! DEGREE ( VIOL5CE US$ BY BO?4 ,! LIB]AL US$ TO SAY ?AT !Y W]E ! SAME ?+ BECAUSE !Y US$ SIMIL> TACTICS4 ,! T]M 0R$ FASCISM0 WAS A GOOD SLOGAN1 BUT FALSE4 ,IT WAS ! ONLY T]M TO USE1 P]HAPS1 IF ONE W]E TO MAKE ! /RAI<T L9E 9TELLIGIBLE1 BUT IT WAS COMPLETELY MISLEAD+4 ,/ATE COMMUNISM IS A COLLECTIVI/ CRE$1 AT ! O!R EXTREME FROM AN>*ISM SO F> AS WORK+-CLASS IDEOLOGY IS CONC]N$1 ?\< IT IS ALSO A TOTALIT>IAN CRE$1 AT ! O!R EXTREME FROM FASCISM4 ,:5 /ATE COMMUNISM BECOMES ECONOMICALLY 0LIB]AT$01 AS IS ! CASE 9 ,RUSSIA N[1 IT IS NOT MOV+ NE>] TO ! CONCEPTS ( MUTUAL AID1 BUT T[>DS FASCISM4 ,IT LOSES ITS SOCIALI/IC *>ACT] & F9ALLY BECOMES1 AS ,HITL]'S NATIONAL-SOCIALISM W\LD 9 TIME HAVE BECOME1 A /ATE CAPITALI/ AMALGAM ( ! TWO4 

,9 ! SAME WAY1 ALSO1 IF ONE DILUTES AN>*ISM SUFFICI5TLY TO BECOME 0PHILOSOPHIC0 OR 09DIVIDUALI/IC0 AN>*ISM1 IT MOVES 9 ! DIRECTION ( CAPITALI/-9DIVIDUALISM4 ,IT IS ALREADY AS 9DIVIDUALI/IC AS ONE CAN GO 9 ONE DIRECTION4 ,TO 9SI/ UPON ITS 9DIVIDUALISM TO ! PO9T ( HYPH5ATION IS TO TAKE IT 9 ! O!R DIRECTION4 ,H5CE ! BELIEF ( SOME ,AM]ICAN PHILOSOPH]S ?AT IT IS A 0DOCTR9E ( ! ,RI<T01 & !Y CONFUSE ! 0AN>*ISM0 ( ,?OREAU1 DILUT$ /ILL MORE1 ) REVOLUTION>Y AN>*ISM4 ,SO MISLEAD+ >E ! ACADEMICS ?AT A MAN CAN WRITE A BOOK CALL$ ,AN>*I/ ,?\<T 9 ,9DIA :I* IS AB\T ,G&HI & ,V9OBA ,BHAVE6 

,IT IS EQUALLY TRUE ?AT ONE CAN DILUTE AN>*ISM 9 ! OPPOSITE DIRECTION UNTIL IT BECOMES 9DI/+UI%ABLE FROM TRADE UNIONISM & MAY ULTIMATELY SELL \T TO /ATE SOCIALISM1 & ( C\RSE AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ MOVEM5TS HAVE DISAPPE>$ FROM SI<T BECAUSE ( ?IS TR5D4 ,! ,MEXICAN SYNDICALI/ MOVEM5T IS A CASE 9 PO9T4 

,FROM LOOK+ AT ! DIAGRAM ONE CAN SEE :AT EV]YONE KN[S TO BE ! CASE1 BUT :I* CANNOT BE EXPRESS$ BY A /RAI<T L9E FROM RI<T TO LEFT1 ?AT AN>*ISM & FASCISM >E OPPOSITES 9 ONE S5SE1 & /ATE COMMUNISM & 0,GOLDWAT]ISM0 9 ANO!R4 ,BUT AT ! SAME TIME AN>*ISM & /ATE COMMUNISM >E DIFF]5T 9 ANO!R ASPECT1 JU/ AS >E ! IDEAS ( SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY & POLITICAL CONS]VATISM4 ,NATURALLY1 ALL IDEOLOGIES >E NOT AT ! EXTREMES1 ?\< IT IS A TYPICAL ,FLEET ,/REET CONTRIBUTION TO POLITICS1 9 P>T >IS+ FROM 0/RAI<T-L9E0 ?9K+1 ?AT :AT IS EXTREME MU/ BY DEF9ITION BE WRONG4 

,POLITICAL OP9ION CAN NORMALLY BE PLAC$ SOME:]E ALONG ! SIDES ( ! SQU>E1 IF NOT AT ! EXTREME CORN]S4 ,FABIANISM1 = 9/ANCE1 COMES SOME:]E BETWE5 /ATE COMMUNISM & FASCISM & HAS 7AS ,B]N>D ,%AW P]CEIV$7 AFF9ITIES ) BO?4 ,IT IS ! DOCTR9E ( /ATE CAPITALISM4 ,/ATE COMMUNISM & FASCISM DIFF] ON ! FACT ( CLASS /RUCTURE )9 SOCIETY4 ,FASCISM PRES]V$ CLASS DI/9CTIONS1 ) A BUREAUCRACY4 ,/ATE COMMUNISM HAS NO CLASSES UND] ! BUREAUCRACY4 ,FABIANISM TRIES TO ID5TIFY ! BUREAUCRACY ) ! RUL+ CLASS4 

,IF IMPORTANT P>TIES CANNOT BE PLAC$ NEATLY 9 ! SQU>E1 IT IS USUALLY BECAUSE !Y >E COALITIONS ( DIFF]+ IDEAS & 9T]E/S -- ,DEMOCRATS & ,REPUBLICANS 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES 1 = 9/ANCE4 ,9 ,BRITA91 ! DIVISION BETWE5 P>TIES SEEM$ MORE CLE>-CUT AT ONE TIME4 ,BUT ! ,LABOR ,P>TY TODAY IS A COALITION1 TOO4 ,IT IS NOT A WORK+-CLASS P>TY AS SU* ?\< ITS ROCKBOTTOM VOTES COME AS A RESULT ( PEOPLE ?9K+ IT IS4 ,IT CANNOT BE EQUAT$ ) !ORETICAL SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY1 ?\< SOME ( ITS PROTAGONI/S >E DEMOCRATIC SOCIALI/S4 ,IT HAS ! DUTY1 (T5 NEGLECT$1 ( DEF5D+ TRADE UNION & COOP]ATIVE 9T]E/S1 BUT IT HAS L9KS ) MANAGEM5T1 TOO4 ,ITS MIDDLE-CLASS ,FABIAN ?9K+ DOM9AT$ P>LIAM5T>Y TACTICS1 ?\< AGA91 SOME ( ITS ,M,PS HAVE BE5 TON$-D[N /ATE COMMUNI/S1 !IR IDEA ( SOCIALISM LATE ,L59 OR E>LY ,/AL91 ADAPT$ TO DEMOCRATIC IDEAS & REJECT+ ! VIOL5CE ASSOCIAT$ ) ,BOL%EVISM RA!R ?AN ! G5]AL !ORY4 

,MANY MORE ,LABOR ,M,PS1 BRILLIANTLY $UCAT$ & ) DEGREES 9 SOCIOLOGY & POLITICAL VIEWS FA%ION$ 9 DEBATE AT ! ,OX=D ,UNION1 HAVE NATURALLY NO CONCEPTION ( SOCIALISM AT ALL1 & ?9K IT HAS SOME?+ TO DO ) ! NATIONALIZATION ( 9DU/RY PIONE]$ BY ,BISM>CK OR ! DEGREE ( RE=M PASS$ 9 A S+LE SESSION4 ,O!RS >E P>LIAM5T>Y LIB]ALS :O HAVE LEFT ! S9K+ %IP4 ,MORE /ILL HAVE NO DIFF]5CES AT ALL ) ! ,CONS]VATIVES O!R ?AN ! CLE> NECESSITY ( GETT+ A SEAT1 & AMONG !SE >E ! HIR$ LAWY]S US$ TO PLEAD+ ANY CAUSE = :I* !Y GET PAID4 ,!RE >E NOT A FEW1 GRADUAT+ FROM LOCAL POLITICS1 :O HUG ! FOND ILLUSION ?AT ! ELECTORATE *OOSES !M = !IR P]SONAL QUALITIES & PUBLIC DEVOTION4.<#a#c.> 

,IT IS DIFFICULT TO PLACE ! ,LABOR ,P>TY ACCURATELY 9 ,FIGURE #h1 AS IF IT W]E A CONCRETE PHILOSOPHY RA!R ?AN A UNIT$ FRONT4 ,! NE>E/ ONE CAN GET W\LD BE TO DRAW A L9E FROM SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY TO RADICALISM1 & FROM SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY TO ,FABIANISM1 COMPLET+ ! TRIANGLE ) A L9E FROM ,FABIANISM TO RADICALISM4 ,HAV+ DONE ?AT1 ONE WILL /ILL F9D A MILLIONAIRE ,M,P ) LAISSEZ-FAIRE VIEWS ON CAPITALISM \TSIDE ! NEAT TRIANGLE4 ,:5 WE TURN TO ! ,CONS]VATIVE ,P>TY1 WE CAN DRAW A TRIANGUL> CORRAL BORD]$ BY ECONOMIC 9DIVIDUALISM1 FASCISM & ! C5T]1 \TSIDE :I* ONLY ! OCCASIONAL MAV]ICK W&]S4 

,!RE IS A C]TA9 SIMIL>ITY ( IDIOM ALONG ! L9ES4 ,PHILOSOPHIES HAVE COMMON ANCE/RY1 AS DO M5 & MONKEYS1 BUT ! SIMIL>ITIES NE$ NOT DECEIVE US4 ,(T5 ! SAME CLI*E IS US$ TO SIGNIFY SOME?+ UTT]LY DIFF]5T4 0,! ,/ATE IS \R 5EMY0 IS (T5 REPEAT$ ALL ALONG ! 9DIVIDUALI/ L9E2 DEVOTION TO ! ,/ATE ALONG ! TOTALIT>IAN4 ,BUT SOME ( ?OSE :O TALK ( SACRIFIC+ = ! ,/ATE SEE IT ONLY 9 ITS IDEALIZ$ FAMILY ROLE AS ! NATION-/ATE4 ,SO !Y TALK ) AWE ( ?OSE :O 0DI$ = ! ,/ATE0 :5 !Y !MSELVES DO NOT EV5 WANT TO PAY !IR 9COME TAX TO ! ,/ATE4 ,! T]M 0WORK]S' CONTROL0 IS US$ NOT ONLY BY ?OSE :O BELIEVE ! WORK]S %\LD DIRECTLY CONTROL ! 9DU/RY 9 :I* !Y WORK1 BUT ALSO BY ?OSE :O ADVOCATE MORE P>TICIPATION 9 MANAGEM5T1 ! ELECTION ( (FICIALS OR EV5 JU/ ! FACT ( SAY+ ?IS IS ! POLICY ( ! ,/ATE :5 IT IS NO?+ ( ! SORT4 70,SPA9 IS A ,WORK]S' & ,PEASANTS' ,REPUBLIC01 SAID ! CON/ITUTION ( ! C\NTRY :I* APPO9T$ ,G5]AL ,FRANCO TO HIS COMM&1 & MU* ! SAME SORT ( ?+ IS SAID 9 C\NTRIES ( ,EA/]N ,EUROPE TODAY47 

,IMPASSION$ PLEAS = ! ,/ATE NOT TO 9T]V5E S\ND MU* ! SAME ALONG ! 9DIVIDUALI/IC L9ES1 BUT ! NE>] ONE GETS TO CAPITALISM ! MORE IT IS 0NECESS>Y0 = ! ,/ATE TO 9T]V5E 9 ITS REPRESSIVE ROLE1 OR = ?AT ROLE TO BE TAK5 OV] BY A PRIVATE POLICE =CE4 ,IT IS NATURAL ?AT ! CLIMATE 9 :I* !ORIES >E NURTUR$ WILL AFFECT !M4 ,! 9DIVIDUALISM ?AT HAS GR[N UP 9 ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T IS DIFF]5T FROM CAPITALI/ 9DIVIDUALISM4 ,TOTALIT>IANISM DIFF]S 9 ! SAME WAY4 ,YET IT IS A FACT ( P[] 9 ! MOD]N WORLD ?AT :OEV] ASPIRES TO RULE1 IRRESPECTIVE ( ALL !SE IDEOLOGIES1 MU/ FIT !MSELVES 9TO ! P]VAD+ SY/EM ( /ATE CAPITALISM4 ,! MOD]N ,/ATE IS TOO P[]FUL TO BE FA%ION$ BY !ORY4 ,IT MU/ EI!R BE ABOLI%$ OR IT WILL %APE ! P>TY ?AT RULES IT4 ,EV5 ?OSE ASPIR+ TO ABOLI% IT C\LD ACT NO DIFF]5T1 IF BY SOME FREAK ( *ANCE !Y TOOK P[]4 ,IT IS = ?AT REASON ?AT REVOLUTION>Y AN>*ISM OPPOSES P>TY =MATION & P>TICIPATION 9 GOV]NM5T4 ,ONCE ONE F9DS ONESELF 9 (FICE OR P[]1 ONE CEASES TO BE A REVOLUTION>Y1 NO MATT] :AT ONE'S AFFILIATIONS MI<T BE4.<#a#d.> 

,IT IS IMPLICIT 9 ! P>TY PROGRAM ( TODAY ?AT ! IMP]SONAL NATURE ( ! MOD]N ,/ATE %APES ! P>TIES1 R\<HEW IT AS !Y MAY4 ,?AT IS :Y !Y CONC5TRATE ON P]SONALITIES & RE=MISM4 ,ONLY BY A ?OR\<GO+ REVOLUTION C\LD A P>TY *ANGE ! ,/ATE1 BUT ! G5U9E AU?ORIT>IAN REVOLUTION>Y IS LIKE ! ,LO* ,NESS ,MON/] -- IF HE W]E ANY?+ MORE ?AN A LEG5D1 HE MU/ N[ BE ALL BUT EXT9CT4 ,! AU?ORIT>IAN COMMUNI/ MA9/REAM ( TODAY IS POLLUT$ BY ! EFFLU5T ( ! ,COM9T]N1 & GIVES (F ! /9K ( PATRIOTISM4 ,:AT IS DESCRIB$ AS 0! ,LEFT0 TALKS 9 ! LANGUAGE ( NATIONALISM4 

,IT IS UND]/&ABLE ?AT 9T]NAL PRESSURES =CE ! ,KREML9 BACK TO ,HOLY ,RUSSIAN *AUV9ISM1 & ?AT 9 ,EA/]N ,EUROPE ! POLITICIANS HAVE TO RESORT TO RACIAL D5IGRATION & DIVISION TO TAKE ! HEAT (F !MSELVES4 ,BUT EV5 9 OPPOSITION1 ?AT P>T ( ! 0,LEFT0 :I* IS 9FLU5C$ BY ,MOSC[ OR ,PEK+1 & EV5 BY ,HAVANA1 CAN ONLY ON PATRIOTIC GU% TO EXPLA9 ITSELF4 ,?OSE :O 0SUPPORT ! H]OIC /RUGGLE ( ! ,VIETNAM PEOPLE UND] ! GREAT ,HO ,*I ,M9H AGA9/ ! ,YANKEE AGGRESSOR0 MI<T AS WELL HAVE SAID ! SAME ?+ AB\T 0! H]OIC /RUGGLE0 ( ! ,BRITI% UND] ,*UR*ILL1 ! ,RUSSIANS UND] ,/AL9 OR ! ,AM]ICANS UND] ,ROOSEVELT2 & 9 RETROSPECT W\LD /ILL DO SO4 ,!Y MI<T NOT GO ON TO EULOGIZE ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! ,HUN AGGRESSOR UND] ,LLOYD ,GEORGE & ,CLEM5CEAU -- NOT TO M5TION ,CZ> ,NI*OLAS -- BECAUSE ,L59 MADE HIS VIEWS KN[N ON ?AT CONFLICT AT ! TIME4 ,AS HE HAS BECOME A GOD1 HIS OP9IONS >E UNQUE/ION$ BY ! FAI?FUL1 BUT NE$ NOT BE PU%$ BY ANALOGY TOO F>4 

,IF ! AU?ORIT>IAN COMMUNI/ HAS FALL5 9TO ! TRAP ( TALK+ AB\T NATIONAL LIB]ATION & =GETT+ AB\T SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 ! DANG] = ! LIB]T>IAN IS TO FALL 9TO RE=MISM4 ,ONCE ! NE>-IMPOSSIBILITY ( *ANG+ ! ,/ATE IS ACCEPT$1 & IT IS ASSUM$1 9ACCURATELY1 ?AT IT IS !RE=E ALSO IMPOSSIBLE TO ABOLI% IT2 OR1 ACCURATELY1 ?AT ?IS CANNOT BE DONE )\T REVOLUTION & ?OSE ) PACIFI/ IDEAS REJECT ?IS1 ONE IS DRIV5 TO ! POSITION ( LIB]ALISM4 ,! MILITANCY ) :I* LIB]AL IDEALS MI<T BE ADVANC$ DOES NOT MAKE !M REVOLUTION>Y4 ,REVOLUTION HAS TO DO ) SOCIAL & ECONOMIC *ANGE4 ,EXCEPT 9 ! TRANSITION TO CAPITALISM 79 ! ,AM]ICAN ,REVOLUTION1 = 9/ANCE71 EV5 A LIB]AL ) A GUN IS NOT A REVOLUTION>Y BUT AN >M$ LIB]AL4 ,IT MAY BE NECESS>Y UND] A DICTATOR%IP TO FI<T = SO ELEM5T>Y A 0RE=M0 AS FREE SPEE*1 BUT IF ONE DOES NOT UND]/& EXACTLY :AT ! ISSUES >E1 ONE F9DS ONESELF FI<T+ = ANY POLITICAL LEAD] OR NATION-/ATE ?AT HAPP5S TO USE 0FREE SPEE*0 AS A SLOGAN4 

,9 A DICTATOR%IP1 RE=MISM & REVOLUTION MI<T BE WORK+ ON P>ALLEL L9ES4 ,?IS IS ! CASE 9 ,SPA9 TODAY4 ,! ,ROMAN ,*UR* HAS = YE>S BACK$ ! FASCI/ FILLY BUT1 ALWAYS ANXI\S TO H$GE ITS BETS1 N[ PLACES ITS MONEY ON ! ,*RI/IAN ,DEMOCRAT OPPOSITION4 ,IT EV5 %>ES A /ABLE ) ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,A 0DEMOCRATIC OPPOSITION0 HAS BE5 SET UP1 9CLUD+ ! 0,COMISIONES ,OBR]AS01 TO MAKE SURE ?AT IF ,FRANCO GOES1 ! ALT]NATIVE WILL NOT BE SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 BUT A LIB]AL1 ,CA?OLIC /ATE )\T ,AM]ICAN BASES4 

,YET IT CANNOT BE D5I$ ?AT ?IS OPPOSITION IS WORK+ AGA9/ ,FRANCO & /IRR$ ! /UD5TS4 ,MILITANT DEMOCRACY IS ON P>ALLEL L9ES TO ?IS ACTIVE RE=MISM4 ,BUT EV5 SOCIAL-REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5TS 9 ,SPA9 >E ACT+ 9 ! SAME DIRECTION1 S9CE IT IS T[>DS ! OV]?R[ ( ! PRES5T REGIME4 ,= !M TO BE DECEIV$ BY ! DEMOCRATIC OPPOSITION W\LD BE A DISA/]1 EV5 ?\< !Y MAY BE WORK+ ) IT4 

,P>TY L9ES MAY CO9CIDE ) ! CLASS /RUGGLE BUT !Y HAVE NO?+ TO DO ) IT4 

,IDEOLOGIES ORIG9ATE FROM COMMON SETS ( ECONOMIC OR SOCIAL PR9CIPLES4 ,! USE ( !M = ! CONQUE/ ( P[] IS P>T ( A /RUGGLE BETWE5 RUL]S & RUL$4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

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