,! ,F\ND+ ,CONGRESS ( ! ,SPANI% ,NATIONAL ,CONF$]ATION ( ,LABOR 

#aia 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CONF$]ACION ,NACIONAL ,DEL ,TRABAJO 7,C,N,T7 

,TEXT 3 

,TRANSLATOR'S ,NOTES 

,:,A,T ,I,S ,T,R,A,N,S,L,A,T,$ 

,?IS IS A ,SPANI% TO ,5GLI% TRANSLATION ( MO/ ( ! CONT5TS ( ,CONGRESO DE CON/ITUCION DE LA ,CONF$]ACION ,NACIONAL DEL ,TRABAJO 7,C,N,T7 7,B>CELONA1 ,SPA93 ,CUAD]NOS ,ANAGRAMA1 #a#i#g#f74 

,F,R,O,M ,S,O,L,I,D,>,I,D,A,D ,O,B,R,],A ,T,O ,! ,C,N,T 

,9 ,SPA91 ,CATALAN WORK]S F\ND$ ! ,CATALAN REGIONAL WORK]S' UNION F$]ATION 9 #a#i#g1 CALL+ IT ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A 7,WORK]S' ,SOLID>ITY74 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A HAD ITS SECOND CONGRESS 9 #a#i#a4 

,AT ?IS SAME CONGRESS1 DELEGATES FROM ALL OV] ,SPA9 ATT5D$ TO DECIDE :E!R OR NOT TO CREATE A NEW NATIONWIDE-UNION BAS$ ON ! P>TICUL> MILITANCY1 HORIZONTALITY1 ANTI-CAPITALI/ & ANTI-/ATI/ QUALITIES F\ND 9 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A4 

,?IS TRANSCRIPT COV]S ! AFFIRMATIVE DECISION TO CREATE ?IS NEW ORGANIZATION1 ,LA ,CONF$]ACION ,NACIONAL DEL ,TRABAJO DE ,ESPANA--,! ,NATIONAL ,CONF$]ATION ( ,LABOR ( ,SPA9 7! ,C,N,T74 

,AS WILL BECOME A RECURR+ ISSUE1 ! ,C,N,T'S WORK]S W]E FAC$ ) ! BURN+ QUE/ION AT ?IS F\ND+ CONGRESS3 %\LD !Y JU/ JO9 ! ALREADY-EXI/+1 NATION-WIDE ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION 7! ,U,G,T7 F\ND$ 9 #a#h#h#h8 

,BY #a#i#a1 ! HI]>*ICAL1 TREA*]\S1 & GOV]NM5T-COLLABORAT+ ,U,G,T HAD E>N$ ! 9DIGNATION ( MANY WORK]S4 ,! ,C,N,T W\LD COME TO REPRES5T ! ANTI-GOV]NM5T1 HORIZONTALI/ REVOLUTION>Y UNION ALT]NATIVE4 

,IT IS NOT UNTIL LAT] ?AT ! ,C,N,T DECL>$ ITS UNIONISM'S EXPLICIT OBJECTIVE TO BE ! CREATION ( AN>*O-COMMUNI/ SOCIETY1 :I* MANIFE/$ 9 SUBSEQU5T AN>*O-COMMUNI/ ,C,N,T 9SURRECTIONS & ITS #aicf AN>*O-COMMUNI/ REVOLUTION4 

,! ,T,],M,S 0,F,$,],A,T,I,O,N0 ,& 0,C,O,N,F,$,],A,T,I,O,N0 

,DELEGATES REF] TO :AT WILL EV5TUALLY BE ! ,NATIONAL ,CONF$]ATION ( ,LABOR ( ,SPA9 AS A 0F$]ATION0 & 0CONF$]ATION0 9 ?IS TRANSCRIPT4 ,?IS CAN CAUSE CONFUSION4 

,!Y ALSO REF] TO ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A AS A 0F$]ATION0 & 0CONF$]ATION0 AT TIMES1 :I* CAN CAUSE CONFUSION4 ,?IS1 TOO1 CAN BE CONFUS+4 

,! ,T,],M 0,U,N,I,O,N0 

,! T]M 0UNION0 9 ?IS TEXT CAN REF] TO MULTIPLE ?+S3 A WORK]S' UNION 7RECOGNIZ$ BY ! EMPLOY] OR NOT7 BAS$ 9 ! WORKPLACE1 A WORK]S' UNION CONSI/+ ( ONE OR SIMIL> 9DU/RIES 9 AN >EA 7T[N1 CITY1 C\NTY1 NATIONWIDE71 OR A WORK]S' UNION CONSI/+ ( ALL WORK]S 9 A T[N1 CITY1 C\NTY OR REGION4 

,I CLAIM RESPONSIBILITY = ALL ]RORS & 9ACCURACIES & APOLOGIZE = ! 9F]IORITY ( ?IS TRANSLATION1 HAV+ NO ONE TO HELP ME4 

,ALL BRACKET$ TEXT & FOOTNOTES >E ! TRANSLATOR'S4 

,X#c#f#c#h#b#c@aGMAIL4COM 

,NOTES ( ,HI/ORICAL ,9T]PRETATION 

,BY ,FRANCESC ,BONAMUSA 

,! APOLITICAL REVOLUTION>Y UNION MOVEM5T PREC$+ ASSIMILATION BY DIFF]5T LEAD]S ( ,BAKUN9I/ COLLECTIVISM HAS LA/$ ?R\< MANY DECADES ) ITS FLUCTUATIONS & DI/9CT ORGANIZATIONAL & COMBATIVE QUALITIES4 

,! SUBSEQU5T & NON-EXCLUSIVE P5ETRATION ( PR9CIPLES & =MS ( ACTION ( A COLLECTIVI/1 COMMUNI/1 OR REVOLUTION>Y UNIONI/ NATURE 9FLU5C$ ! ORGANIZ$ WORK]S' MOVEM5T & %AP$ ! MO/ G5]AL =M ( :AT HAS COME TO BE KN[N AS ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 

,/RICTLY SPEAK+1 WE CANNOT DESCRIBE ! ,CATALAN WORK]S' MOVEM5T1 MU* LESS ! WORK+ CLASS ( COLLECTIVI/1 AN>*O-COMMUNI/1 OR REVOLUTION>Y UNIONI/ ,CATALONIA 9 MO/ CASES4 

,!SE (T5 UNCONNECT$ /REAMS ( ?\<T AFFECT$ ! =M ( ACTION ( SOME LEAD]S & ! NUCLEI MO/ CONNECT$ TO ! CULTURAL & !ORETICAL PUBLICATIONS ( MO/ WORK]S4 

,9 ANY CASE1 IT IS TRUE ?AT SOME T5D5CIES M5TION$ HAD A GREAT] CONNECTION ) ! WORK+ CLASS' MAT]IAL REALITY AT SOME PO9T 9 TIME4 

,WE CANNOT =GET ?AT COLLECTIVISM HAD A /RONG 9FLU5CE AS A RESULT ( ! #ahg ,B>CELONA WORK]S' CONGRESS OR ?AT REVOLUTION>Y UNIONISM WAS HEGEMONIC AS A RESULT ( ! #aiah ,SANTS ,CONGRESS4 ,WE ALSO 9CLUDE AN>*O-COMMUNISM1 :I* GA9$ PRE/IGE AS A RESULT ( ! #aicf ,Z>AGOZA ,CONGRESS4 

,NEV]!LESS1 WE CANNOT =GET ?AT AN>*O-COLLECTIVI/S HAD TO /RIKE A DEAL ) UNIONISM2 ?AT IT WAS DIFFICULT = REVOLUTION>Y UNIONI/S TO GET A HOLD ( ! DIRECTION ( ! ,CATALAN WORK]S' MOVEM5T2 & ?AT AN>*O-COMMUNI/S HAD TO CONFRONT ! 5D ( ! C5TURY'S CALAMITIES & ITS #c YE>S ( CRISES4 

,!RE WAS A CON/ANT 9 ! 5TIRE PROCESS3 ! ,CATALAN WORK]S' MOVEM5T F\ND ITSELF FIRMLY 9 ! MIDDLE ( ! SOCIAL & ECONOMIC REALITY1 & ! MOVEM5T WAS G5]ALLY APOLITICAL & F$]AL4 

,! EXT5T TO :I* DIFF]5T !ORETICAL OR PRAGMATIC AN>*I/ OR AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ T5D5CIES CAME CLOS] TO !SE REALITIES WAS ! EXT5T ?AT !Y W]E ABLE TO OBTA9 9FLU5CE1 IF NOT HEGEMONY4 

,! ,CATALAN WORK]S' MOVEM5T'S F$]ALISM1 ITS V>Y+ APOLITICISM1 OR SOMETIMES ITS REJECTION ( POLITICAL OR UNIONI/ C5TRALISM W]E ! OP5+S ?R\< :I* AN>*I/ OR AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ IDEAS W]E 9TRODUC$4 ,!IR 9FLU5CE SUCCE$$ TO ! DEGREE ?AT !Y ADAPT$ TO DAILY REALITIES OR ELSE !Y PROVOK$ /RONG CRISES )9 UNIONISM4 

,! ,CATALAN WORK]S' MOVEM5T REPRES5T$ ! MORE REVOLUTION>Y UNIONI/ TRADITION 9 ,SPA91 & )\T BE+ CORPORATI/1 IT MA9TA9$ A LONG EXP]I5CE ( AGGRESSIVE PROTE/4 ,ITS =MS ( /RUGGLE W]E =G$ 9 ! CONTEXT ( 9DU/RIALIZATION4 

,IT WAS NOT JU/ M>K$ BY ! S+UL> PROCESS ( 9DU/RIALIZATION 9 ,CATALONIA1 BUT ACQUIR$ SOME =MS ( ACTION & /RUGGLE 9DEP5D5T FROM ORGANIZ$ POLITICS--AL?\< MORE 9DEP5D5T /ILL FROM SOME PRIMITIVE =MS ( AGR>IAN AN>*ISM & SOME AN>*O-COMMUNI/ MANIFE/ATIONS4 

,) ! =MATION & DEVELOPM5T ( ! ,NATIONAL ,CONF$]ATION ( ,LABOR1 WE NOT ONLY WITNESS ! REORGANIZATION ( ! UNION MOVEM5T BAS$ ON TRADE UNIONS & ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A1 BUT ALSO AN EPO* 9 :I* ! FLEXIBLE & PRAGMATIC IDEAS ( REVOLUTION>Y UNIONISM POSITIVELY 9FLU5C$ ,CATALAN UNIONISM4 

,! PEOPLE BORN 9 ! EPO* :]E AN>*O-COMMUNI/ !ORY PR$OM9AT$ & :]E !RE W]E CRISES 9 ! ORGANIZ$ UNION MOVEM5T BEGAN TO CONC]N !MSELVES ) ! DIRECTION ( UNIONS4 ,! MOVEM5T WAS =G$ 9 ! G5]AL /RIKE'S !ORY & PRACTICE ON ! ONE H& & 9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ ,L]R\XISM ON ! O!R H& 9 SUPPORT ( A UNION MOVEM5T DEVELOP$ BY ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A & ,FR5* REVOLUTION>Y UNIONISM4 

,ALL ( ?IS WAS DONE ) ! SUPPORT ( ONE P>T ( ! COLLECTIVI/ OLD GU>D1 SU* AS ,ANSELMO ,LOR5ZO1 = EXAMPLE4 ,9 #aid ,ANSELMO ,LOR5ZO ALREADY TRANSLAT$ ,EMILE ,P\GET'S PAMPHLET ,! ,UNION = ! LIBR>Y ( ,LA ,HUELGA ,G5]AL4 

,REVOLUTION>Y UNIONISM'S G5]AL PR9CIPLES SPREAD DUR+ A NUMB] ( YE>S ?R\< TRANSLATIONS BY ,LOR5ZO OR ,JOSE ,PRAT ( ! WORKS ( ,EMILE ,P\GET1 ,EMILE ,PATAUD1 ,F]N& ,PELL\TI]1 ETC4 ,!SE W]E SPREAD BY MEANS ( ! LIBR>Y ( ,LA ,HUELGA ,G5]AL1 ( ,TI]RA Y ,LIB]TAD1 ,! ,MOD]N ,S*OOL'S PUBLICATIONS1 AS WELL AS ?R\< >TICLES OR PRIVATE BOOKS4 

,JOSE ,PRAT1 = EXAMPLE1 ALREADY PRES5T$ BE=E ! ,C,N,T'S F\ND+ CONGRESS ! REVOLUTION>Y UNION TACTICS ( BOYCOTT & SABOTAGE 7BOYCOTT & SABOTAGE ACCORD+ TO ,PRAT & ) EVID5T ,FR5* 9FLU5CE74 ,ACCORD+ TO HIM1 REVOLUTION>Y UNIONISM 0DOES NOT ACCEPT ANY?+ FROM ! PRES5T ORD]2 IT SUFF]S ?R\< IT :ILE IT WAITS = ! UNION /R5G? TO OV]?R[ IT4 ,) /RIKES BECOM+ MORE G5]AL EA* TIME1 ! WORK+ CLASS PROGRESSIVELY REVOLUTIONIZES & PROCE$S T[>D ! G5]AL /RIKE4 ,RETA9+ ! RI<T TO SNAT* FROM CAPITALI/ BOSSES ALL ?OSE IMM$IATE IMPROVEM5TS ?AT >E POSITIVE1 ITS ACTION DISP5SES ) POLITICAL 9T]M$I>IES4 ,ITS OBJECTIVE IS ! COMPLETE TRANS=MATION ( PRES5T SOCIETY 9TO SOCIALI/ SOCIETY3 SOCIAL-ECONOMIC REVOLUTIONIZATION40 

,) ! ,C,N,T'S F\NDATION WE WITNESS1 !N1 AN IMPORTANT MOM5T 9 ! REORGANIZ+ PROCESS ( ! ,CATALAN UNION MOVEM5T & ! BEG9N+ ( AN EPO* 9 :I* REVOLUTION>Y UNIONISM--SUPPORT$ MU* MORE BY ! /RUGGL+ MASSES1 MU* CLOS] TO ! WORK+ CLASS ?AN AN>*O-COMMUNISM--OBTA9$ A /R5G? SUP]IOR TO ANY POLITICALLY ORGANIZ$ WORK+-CLASS =CE4 

,REVOLUTION>Y UNIONISM'S HEGEMONY 9 ! ,CATALAN WORK]S' MOVEM5T /ILL DID NOT EXI/ 9 ?IS #aia CONGRESS1 BUT WAS =G$ 9 ! YE>S FOLL[+ #aiaa :5 ! ,C,N,T WAS \TLAW$1 &1 ABOVE ALL1 BETWE5 ! YE>S #a#i#a#d-#a#i#a#h4 

,! MAJORITY ( DELEGATES 9 FAVOR ( CREAT+ A ,SPANI% NATION-WIDE UNION BAS$ ON CLASS /RUGGLE1 P>ALLEL TO ! ,U,G,T .<! ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION.>1 W]E %AP$ BY ! APOLITICAL1 F$]AL1 & REVOLUTION>Y UNION CURR5TS /ABLE 9 ! ,CATALAN WORK]S' MOVEM5T1 AL?\< SOME LEAD]S W]E ALREADY TRA9$ 9 REVOLUTION>Y UNIONISM1 SU* AS ,JOSE ,NEGRE1 AU?OR N9E YE>S LAT] ( A PAMPHLET AB\T ?IS T5D5CY4 

,P]HAPS ONLY 9 ?IS WAY CAN ONE UND]/& ! BROAD VICTORY ?AT WAS OBTA9$ ) ! PROPOSAL TO CREATE A CONF$]ATION--& NOT A HI]>*ICAL UNION--9 FAVOR ( REVOLUTION>Y UNIONISM1 0?AT IS1 WORK+-CLASS ORGANIZATION01 AS ! MEANS ( WORK+-CLASS EMANCIPATION & DO+ SO 9 ! NAME ( ! ,FIR/ ,9T]NATIONAL4 

,WE CAN EXPECT ?AT ! #ad VOTES AGA9/ ! CREATION ( A NATIONAL CONF$]ATION P>ALLEL+ ! ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION CAME 9 GREAT MAJORITY FROM SOCIALI/S SU* AS ,JUAN ,DURAN OR ,JAC9TO ,PUIG4 ,IT DOES NOT SEEM CLE> ?AT ! #hd VOTES 9 FAVOR ( ! CREATION ( ?IS CONF$]ATION CAME FROM REVOLUTION>Y UNIONI/S4 ,BUT WE CAN MORE SAFELY CONCLUDE ?AT !RE WAS A CONV]G5CE ( TRADITIONAL UNIONISM ) NEW PR9CIPLES ( REVOLUTION>Y UNIONISM4 ,ONCE MORE & P]HAPS FROM ! EPO* :]E COLLECTIVISM WAS PR$OM9ANT1 AN AGREEM5T WAS >RIV$ AT BETWE5 ! REAL /R5G? FROM ! WORK+ CLASS' GRASSROOTS & A MORE OR LESS ELABORAT$ BODY ( IDEAS4 

,9 ?IS CONV]G5CE ( POSITIONS1 H[EV]1 !RE WAS NOT A MAJORIT>IAN REORGANIZATION ( ! OLD AN>*O-COMMUNI/S 9TO REVOLUTION>Y UNIONI/S4 ,RA!R1 AS F> AS ! UNION LEAD]S' CADRE WAS CONC]N$1 !SE W\LD SPR+ FROM M5 BORN BETWE5 #ahh & #a#h#i#e3 ,SALVADOR ,SEGUI1 ,JOAN ,PEIRO1 ,CAMIL ,P9ON1 ,ANGEL ,PE/ANA1 ,SIMO ,PI]A1 ,SALVADOR ,QUEMADES1 ,JOSEP ,CANELA1 ,SEBA/IA ,CL>A & SO MANY O!RS4 

,! PROGRESSIVE 9TRODUCTION ( DIRECT ACTION IDEAS 9TO TRADE UNIONS & !IR REORGANIZATION 9TO G5]AL UNIONS ( A SECTOR OR 9DU/RY AS A RESULT ( ! ,SANTS ,CONGRESS 7#a#i#a#h7 REG5]AT$ ! ,CATALAN UNION MOVEM5T4 ,! BEG9N+S W]E F\ND 9 ! #aia CONGRESS1 & ITS FULLNESS 9 #a#i#a#h-#a#i#a#i4 

,9TRODUCTION 

,BY ,JOSE ,PEIRATS 

,! PRES5T TEXT WAS PUBLI%$ BY ,B>CELONA'S ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A 9 ITS #c#i? ISSUE ( #d ,NOVEMB] #a#i#a4 ,ITS REPRODUCTION IS DUE 9 P>T TO CONCLUD+ AN 9T]E/+ DISCUSSION /RUCK UP BETWE5 CONF$]AL MILITANTS 9 EXILE 9 REG>DS TO ! BIR?DATE ( ! ,C,N,T4 

,A BOOK PUBLI%$ 9 #aibh 7,MANUEL ,BU5ACASA'S ,EL ,MOVIMI5TO ,OBR]O ,ESPANOL1 #a#h#h#f-#a#i#b#f7 GAVE REGRETTABLE CONFUSION TO ! ,C,N,T'S ORIG9S4 ,9 ?AT BOOK ! FOLL[+ WAS PUT ON RECORD3 0,! ,BELLAS ,>TES ,CONGRESS TOOK PLACE ON ! #h1 #i1 & #a ( ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#a#a4 ,WE CANNOT SAY ANY?+ DOCUM5TALLY ( ?AT MEMORABLE1 F\ND+ ASSEMBLY ( ! ,NATIONAL ,CONF$]ATION ( ,LABOR4 ,FROM ! COMM5TS GIV5 BY DELEGATES ( ! ,Z>AGOZA F$]ATION ON !IR RETURN FROM ,B>CELONA4 4 4 ,I CAN 9F] ?AT ! ,B>CELONA ASSEMBLY WAS MORE ?AN A CONGRESS1 MORE ?AN A SIMPLE EX*ANGE ( IMPRESSIONS BETWE5 DELEGATES FROM DIFF]5T ,SPANI% C\NTIES4 ,IT DID NOT /OP AT AMPLY DISCUSS+ OR =MULAT+ MOTIONS ON PR9CIPLES1 IDEAS1 TACTICS1 & ASPIRATIONS4 ,! MO/ ESS5TIAL ?+ IT ACCOMPLI%$ WAS CREAT+ ! CONF$]ATION ACCORD+ TO ! NORMS \TL9$ BY ! ',9T]NATIONAL' FIR/ & BY ! REGIONAL F$]ATION NEXT4 ,BUT ?OSE MOTIONS1 :I* HAVE NOT BE5 PUBLI%$ BECAUSE ( ! SUSP5SION ( ! F$]ATIVE ORGANS H\RS AFT] ! CONGRESS1 MU/ HAVE GOTT5 LO/4 4 40 

,9 MY BOOK ,! ,C4,N4,T4 9 ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION 9 :I* ,I EMBRAC$ COMRADE ,BU5ACASA'S 9CAUTI\S EVALUATIONS1 ,I GAVE #aiaa AS ! ,C,N,T'S F\ND+ DATE4 ,I C\LD GET MY H&S ON NEI!R ! DOCUM5TS NOR ! F\NTA9S ( 9=MATION ACCESSIBLE TO HI/ORIANS 9 #a#i#b#h4 ,AMONG ?OSE DOCUM5TS WAS ! ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A COLLECTION ?AT WAS CONS]V$ 9TACT UNTIL ! #aici CATA/ROPHE4 

,I AM 9T]E/$ 9 PUTT+ ?IS MI/AKE ON ! RECORD BECAUSE PR(ESSIONAL HI/ORIANS :O HAVE PEEK$ 9TO \R ANNALS1 TAK+ MYSELF AS A REC5T TE/IMONIAL1 HAVE UNAVOIDABLY FALL5 9TO ! SAME ]ROR ?AT ,I WAS NOT ABLE TO AVOID4 

,BAS$ ON CONTRADICTIONS F\ND 9 M9UTE BOOKS ( SUBSEQU5T ,C,N,T CONGRESSES & SOME SEP>ATE PUBLICATIONS1 ! SUSPICION SEIZ$ SOME ( US COMRADES ?AT WE HAD BE5 RID+ ON A *RONOLOGICAL ]ROR4 ,! QUE/ION WAS TAK5 TO \R PRESS1 & ELD]LY COMRADES !RE SPOKE :O1 PASSIONATELY FOND ( ! TOPIC1 REFRE%$ !IR MEMORY4 ,HAV+ DECID$ BY LOGICAL D$UCTION ?AT IT WAS AN ]ROR1 ! MAT]IAL EVID5CE WAS LACK+ ?AT W\LD DEF9ITIVELY RESOLVE ! QUE/ION4 ,SPANI% COMRADES PROVID$ US ) CONCLUSIVE PRO( BY 5SUR+ ! >RIVAL ( ! ISSUE ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A M5TION$ ABOVE1 D$ICAT$ 5TIRELY TO REPORT+ ! ACTIVITIES ( SU* A R>E EV5T4 ,! REPORT WAS PUBLI%$ 9 S]IAL =M 9 ! CONF$]AL ORGAN ,C,N,T1 & TODAY WE (F] IT COLLECT$ 9 A SMALL VOLUME TO ?OSE 9T]E/$ 9 ITS SOCIAL HI/ORIOGRAPHY4 

,ON ! O!R H&1 \R MODE/ 5T]PRISE IS NOT JU/ TO FILL A *RONOLOGICAL PO?OLE1 BUT TO REVIVE ?OSE 9ITIAL1 SUBLIME MOM5TS & TO DEMON/RATE :AT ! TACTICAL SPIRIT & IDEOLOGICAL *>ACT]I/IC ( \R BELOV$ ORGANIZATION W]E FROM ITS GLORI\S ORIG9S TO ! HALF-C5TURY ( ITS EXI/5CE4 

,?AT :I* ! ,C,N,T HAS DONE DUR+ FIFTY YE>S ( DOCTR9AL PROPAG&A1 ( EPIC /RUGGLES1 & $UCAT+ ! PROLET>IAN MASSES--ITS VIRTUES PRAIS$ ON ACC\NT ( ITS SELFLESSNESS & SACRIFICE TAK5 TO EXTREME LIMITS--IS 9 ! MEMORY & FLE% ( EV]Y ONE ( ITS MILITANTS4 ,IT P]TA9S TO EV]YONE TO CONSID] IF WE >E BE+ CONSI/5T ) ! WI%ES ( HE :O WAS \R FA!R & TEA*]1 ,ANSELMO ,LOR5ZO1 :O TOLD US 9 ! 9AUGURAL SESSION ( ! MEMORABLE CONGRESS1 0,Y\ >E GO+ TO DRAW UP A PACT DE/9$ TO 9FLU5CE ! EV] PROGRESSIVE M>* ( HUMANITY4 ,! BOOK ( HI/ORY PRES5TS A BLANK PAGE BE=E Y\2 PREP>E TO FILL IT ) HONOR1 = Y\RSELVES & = ! B5EFIT ( EV]YONE1 PRES5T & FUTURE40 

,JOSE ,PEIRATS 

.<CIRCA #a#i#g#f.> 

,F\ND+ ,CONGRESS ( ! ,NATIONAL ,CONF$]ATION ( ,LABOR ( ,SPA9 

,! NATIONAL WORK]S' CONGRESS HELD ON ! DAYS ( #c & #ca ,OCTOB] & #a ,NOVEMB] 9 ! ,PALACIO DE ,BELLAS ,>TES CAN QUALIFY AS A GLORI\S EV5T 9 ! ANNALS ( ! ,SPANI% PROLET>IAT4 ,A VIVIFY+ BREA? ( EMANCIPATION HAS A]AT$ ?IS CONGRESS' ASSEMBLIES1 CREAT+ A GLIMPSE = EV5 ! MO/ 9CR$UL\S ?AT HUMAN EMANCIPATION IS A FEASIBLE & EASY ?+ IF ALL ! EXPLOIT$ JO9$ =CES4 

,?IS CONGRESS CAN SPECIFICALLY EXPRESS ! ROAD BLOCKS FAC+ \R CLASSES' DEM&S4 ,! EXPLOIT$ ( ! E>?1 ( ! FACTORY1 & ( ! WORKPLACE HAVE EXHIBIT$ BRIEFNESS 9 !IR SPEE*ES 9 !SE ASSEMBLIES1 DEMON/RAT+ A HI<LY JUDICIAL S5SE ( ! REALITY ( ?+S4 ,NOT A S+LE VOICE WAS DISCORDANT 9 ?IS H>MONICAL ASSEMBLY ( ! WORK+ CLASSES4 ,EV]YONE SPOKE4 ,SOME EXPLA9$ !IR EVOLUTION>Y !ORIES2 O!RS DESCRIB$ ! TRU?S ( DIRECT ACTION2 & ONE & ANO!R S*OOL1 ! REVOLUTION>Y & ! PACIFI/1 W]E HE>D RESPECTFULLY & ) CONSID]ATION BY ! L>GE AUDI5CE ?AT ATT5D$ ! DELIB]ATIONS4 

,?AT DELEGATES FROM DIFF]5T ,SPANI% REGIONS P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! CONGRESS & ?AT ! AGREEM5T WAS ADOPT$ 9 ?IS CONGRESS' FIR/ SESSION ?AT ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A BECOME ! ,SPANI% NATIONAL CONF$]ATION EVID5TLY DEMON/RATE ?AT WORK]S1 CONV9C$ ( ! USELESSNESS ( 9DIRECT ME?ODS AS A RESULT ( !IR [N EXP]I5CES1 WILL RESOLUTELY PROCLAIM REVOLUTION>Y UNION ACTION AS ! ONLY MEANS NE$$ TO RAISE ! 9TELLECTUAL LEVEL ( ! WORK+ CLASSES & C>RY !M TO !IR COMPLETE SOCIAL EMANCIPATION4 

,?OSE :O HAD CASUALLY PROCLAIM$ WORK+-CLASS DIVISION 9 BOOKS & P]IODICALS WILL CLE>LY SEE ?AT SU* DIVISION DOES NOT EXI/1 ?AT TODAY'S EXPLOIT$ ) FULL CONSCI\SNESS ( !IR SOCIAL RI<TS WILL =GET !IR SMALL1 SILLY SCRUPLES4 ,!Y WILL RESOLUTELY & DET]M9$LY SET (F ON ! /RAI<T PA? ( LIB]ATION )\T GIV+ A DAMN AB\T ! H[LS ( CAPITALI/S :O GAZE ANGRILY & IMPOT5TLY4 ,FIRMLY1 WE WILL /RUGGLE DESPITE ALL OB/ACLES4 

,WORK]S1 RESOLUTE & DET]M9$1 WILL A*IEVE LIB]ATION 9 A NOT DI/ANT P]IOD ( TIME1 DESPITE OPPOSITION1 COME :AT MAY4 

,WE C\LD ALSO SAY O!R ?+S AB\T ! NATIONAL WORK]S' CONGRESS1 BUT TIME CON/RA9TS & LACK ( SPACE DEPRIVE US ( ! ABILITY TO BE MORE EXT5SIVE4 ,9/EAD1 WE RES]VE = \RSELVES ! TASK ( DISCUSS+ TO A GREAT] EXT5T ! TRANSC5D5T AGREEM5TS ADOPT$ AT ,CONGRESS = ! FUTURE & LIMIT \RSELVES TODAY TO SAY+3 ,LET US GET TO WORK1 COMRADES6 

,FIR/ ,SESSION 

,9 ! HALL ( ,BELLAS ,>TES1 ! NATIONAL WORK]S' CONGRESS BEGAN ITS BUS9ESS ! ,SUNDAY PRIOR UND] ! PROVISIONAL *AIRMAN%IP ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A'S ,C\NCIL4 

,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A'S ,G5]AL ,SECRET>Y COMRADE ,NEGRE CALLS ! SESSION TO ORD]4 

,! ,CR$5TIALS ,COMMISSION'S APPO9TM5T RESULTS 9 ! FOLL[+ COMRADES' ELECTION3 ,VIC5TE ,PLAZA 7,BOOKB9D]S & ,RELAT$ ,TRADES71 ,RAFAEL ,B]NABEU 7,ALCOY ,TEXTILE ,UNION71 ,P$RO ,M>TI 7,JEWELRY & ,SILV]SMI?+ ,WORK]S' ,UNION71 ,TIMOTEO ,H]R] 7,TAPE/RY ,TRADES71 ,JUAN ,BAUTI/A ,E/EVE 7,BUJALANCE ,WORK]S' ,C5T]71 ,TOMAS ,SALA 70,PROGRESS0 ,HAIRDRESS]S & ,B>B]S71 & ,JULIAN ,E/EBAN 7,B>CELONA ,MASONS74 

,IMM$IATELY AFT]1 CR$5TIALS >E REVIEW$ & ! CR$5TIALS COMMISSION REJECTS TWO DELEGATIONS3 ! ,ME*ANICS ,WORK]S' ,UNION & ! ,TYPOGRAPHY ,WORK]S' ,UNION1 BO? ( ,B>CELONA1 BECAUSE !Y >E CONSID]$ YELL[4 

,SOME COMRADES REQUE/ ! FLOOR TO ADDRESS ?IS4 ,IT IS AGRE$ TO SUSP5D ALL DEBATE UNTIL NEXT SESSION4 

,AFT] DI/RIBUT+ ID5TITY C>DS TO EA* DELEGATE1 ! APPO9TM5T ( ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEES TAKES PLACE4 ,!Y >E TASK$ ) MAK+ MOTIONS OV] ! TOPICS PRES5T$ TO ,CONGRESS4 

,TOPICS & ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEES 

,IMM$IATELY AFT] & BY UNANIMITY1 COMRADES >E ELECT$ AS %[N BEL[ = ! PURPOSE ( =M+ ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEES = ! CONGRESS' TOPICS4 

,! TOPICS >E GR\P$ 9TO FIVE DIFF]5T SECTIONS4 ,EA* ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE IS TASK$ TO MAKE MOTIONS = ?REE TOPICS 9 ORD] TO FACILITATE ,CONGRESS' BUS9ESS & ! DEBATE ( !SE TOPICS BR\<T BE=E ,CONGRESS4 

,FIR/ ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE 

,TOPICS 

#cRD4 ,IS IT NECESS>Y OR ADVANTAGE\S = UNIONISM ?AT ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A BECOMES A NATION-WIDE CONF$]ATION8 

#a#a?4 ,ONCE ! NATION-WIDE CONF$]ATION ( LABOR IS ORGANIZ$1 DOES IT REQUIRE ! E/ABLI%M5T ( F$]ATIONS ( TRADES & RELAT$ TRADES8 

#a#c?4 ,! USEFULNESS ( WORK]S BE+ ORGANIZ$ BY CRAFTS & TRADES--& ?AT RELAT$ TRADES OR TRADES CONV]G+ T[>D A COMMON OBJECTIVE E/ABLI% F$]ATIONS4 

,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE ,MEMB]S 

,J4 ,CUSCO 7,B>CELONA ,C>P5T]S71 ,J4 ,DURAN 7,SITGES ,F>M]S71 ,J4 ,BELIS 7,BADALONA ,CRAFTS & ,TRADES71 ,F4 ,F>RE 7,T>RASA ,WOODWORK]S71 ,J4 ,PUIG 7,CYL9D] ,5GRAV]S ,UNION ( ,B>CELONA71 ,J4 ,C>R]AS 7,SAN ,M>9 ,HAIRDRESS]S71 ,J4 ,ZUF]RI 7,Z>AGOZA ,WORK]S' ,F$]ATION74 

,SECOND ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE 

,TOPICS 

#d?4 ,H[ TO PUBLI% A DAILY UNION PAP] = ! CONF$]ATION4 

#f?4 ,CAN UNION PROPAG&A YIELD BETT] RESULTS ?AT W\LD JU/IFY ! EF=TS & 5]GIES US$8 ,9 ! AFFIRMATIVE CASE1 :AT =MS & MANN]S >E BELIEV$ TO BE MORE PRACTICAL TO A*IEVE SAID RESULTS8 

#a?4 ,! NECESSITY ( E/ABLI%+ S*OOLS )9 WORK]S' UNIONS2 ! PRACTICAL MANN] ( C>RY+ ?IS \T4 

,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE ,MEMB]S 

,A4 ,P]UN 70,H>MONY0 ,B>CELONA ,%OEMAK]S71 ,P4 ,SI]RA ,ALV>EZ 7,GIJON & ,LA ,FELGU]A71 ,J4 ,ROVIRA 7,SANT ,FELIU DE ,COD9ES ,AMALGAMAT$ ,TRADES71 ,P4 ,MAYOL 7,T>RASA ,FEBRILE ,CRAFT71 ,T4 ,SALA 70,PROGRESS0 ,HAIRDRESS]S71 ,J4 ,SATORRA 7,B>CELONA ,SKE9 ,DY]S1 ,BLEA*]S1 & ,PREP>]S71 ,A4 ,MAGR9A 7,CYL9D] ,5GRAV]S74 

,?IRD ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE 

,TOPICS 

#a/4 ,UNIONISM AS A MULTIPURPOSE TOOL4 

#a#d?4 ,! ME?OD TO A*IEVE ORGANIZ+ ALL WORK]S ( A SAME TRADE2 ! ABOLITION ( PIECEWORK4 

#a#e?4 ,:I* ME?OD IS BELIEV$ TO BE QUICK] = PREV5T+ Y\? ( BO? SEXES UND] ! AGE ( #ad FROM WORK+8 

,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE ,MEMB]S 

,S4 ,GRANA 7,B>CELONA ,KNITWE>71 ,F4 ,SUR9A*S 7,GLASS ,MAK]S71 ,MAG9 ,M>CET 7,SABADELL ,METALLURGICAL ,UNION71 ,J4 ,URD9AS 7,PALMA ,MASONS71 ,J4 ,MORA 7,Z>AGOZA ,%OEMAK]S71 ,J4 ,X]CAV9S 7,SABADELL ,C>P5T]S71 ,L4 ,S]RA 7,B>CELONA ,ROLL]S & ,PREP>]S74 

,F\R? ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE 

,TOPICS 

#e?4 ,MU/ UNIONISM BE ! MEANS OR 5DS ( WORK+-CLASS EMANCIPATION8 

#h?4 ,! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK+ CLASSES MU/ BE CONQU]$ BY ! WORK+ CLASSES !MSELVES4 ,:AT IS ! S+LE1 TRU?FUL 9T]PRETATION ?AT %\LD BE GIV5 TO ?IS PHRASE8 

#a#b?4 ,! ME?OD ( ATTA9+ PRICE R$UCTIONS 9 H\S+ & SUPPRESS+ ODI\S DEPOSITS4 

,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE ,MEMB]S 

,T4 ,H]R]OS 7,B>CELONA ,PR9T+ ,CRAFT71 ,J4 ,GIL 7,C]V]A DEL ,RIO ,ALHAMA ,ESPADRILLE ,MAK]S71 ,F4 ,T]RONI 7,T>RASA ,AMALGAMAT$ ,TRADES71 ,M4 ,VILANOCA 7,B>CELONA ,JEWEL]S71 ,A4 ,M>T9 7,B>CELONA ,RAILWAYS71 ,L4 ,PLAZA 7,VIGO ,/ONE ,MASONS71 ,M4 ,M>CET 7,SABADELL ,METALLURGICAL ,UNION74 

,FIF? ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE 

,TOPICS 

#bND4 ,! ME?OD ( OBTA9+ ! EI<T-H\R WORKDAY & ! M9IMUM WAGE4 

#g?4 ,9 ORD] ?AT ! G5]AL /RIKE'S IMPACT FURNI%ES ! EFFECTIVE DEF5SE ( ! PROLET>IAT1 CAN IT BE PEACEFUL OR MU/ IT BE ESS5TIALLY REVOLUTION>Y8 ,9 ANY CASE1 9 :AT =M DOES ,CONGRESS BELIEVE ! G5]AL /RIKE %\LD BE US$ = ITS DEF9ITE SUCCESS8 

#i?4 ,:5 A F$]AT$ SOCIETY 9 ! MID/ ( /RUGGLE IS ABUS$ BY ! POLICE OR PUBLIC =CES1 :AT ATTITUDE MU/ O!R F$]AT$ SECTIONS ADOPT8 

,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE ,MEMB]S 

,J4 ,BUESO 7,SEVILLA ,PR9T+ ,CRAFT71 ,D4 ,S]RA 7,SABADELL ,AMALGAMAT$ ,TRADES71 ,J4 ,JAUM> 7,BADALONA ,GLASS ,WORK]S71 ,J4 ,B5ET 70,T5D] ,SE$0 ,B>CELONA ,GLASS ,WORK]S71 ,M4 ,MANE 7,B>CELONA ,METAL ,WORK]S' ,UNION71 ,R4 ,CATO 7,ALCOY ,ME*ANICAL ,WEAV]S71 ,R4 ,CO/A 7,B>CELONA ,PR9T+ ,CRAFT74 

,! SESSION ADJ\RNS4 ,IT IS AGRE$ ?AT ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEES RECONV5E AT #d3 9 ! AFT]NOON TO DELIV] !IR MOTIONS4 

,SECOND ,SESSION 

,! SESSION BEG9S AT #i3#c AT NI<T4 ,COMRADE ,AVILA 7,LA ,CORUNA ,SAW]S & ,DRAW] ,MAK]S7 PRESIDES4 ,COMRADES ,BUESO1 ,GRANA1 ,F]RONI1 & ,PLAZA >E SECRET>IES4 

,! FELL[ *AIRMAN GREETS ALL DELEGATES ATT5D+ ,CONGRESS4 ,HE SAYS ?AT ! ORGANIZ$ WORK+ CLASS EXPECTS PR(USE IMPROVEM5TS 9 ITS ECONOMIC & SOCIAL EMANCIPATION AS A RESULT ( ,CONGRESS' DELIB]ATIONS4 ,TO ALL DELEGATES HE RECOMM5DS S]5ITY & VIGOR 9 !IR DECISIONS4 

,IMM$IATELY AFT]1 ! ,CR$5TIALS ,COMMISSION'S MOTION IS READ1 :I* IS AS FOLL[S3 

,! ,CR$5TIALS ,COMMISSION'S ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A'S SECOND CONGRESS IS K9D 5\< TO PRES5T ! FOLL[+ MOTION 9 RELATION TO ! ,TYPOGRAPHICAL ,WORK]S' & ,ME*ANICAL ,WORK]S' ,UNIONS4 

,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A'S FIR/ REGIONAL CONGRESS HAD ! FOLL[+ AGREEM5T1 '?AT FROM ! TIME ( ?IS AGREEM5T1 ! REGIONAL CONF$]ATION CANNOT GRANT /ATUS TO ANY 5TITY :5 ONE HAS ALREADY BE5 =M$ = ! SAME TRADE4' 

,BE>+ 9 M9D ?AT ?IS CIRCUM/ANCE CO9CIDES ) ! TWO UNIONS ?AT >E ! OBJECT ( ! PRES5T MOTION1 &1 LA/LY1 ?AT !RE >E NO GR\NDS = AM5D+ SAID AGREEM5T1 ADMISSION ( SAID 5TITIES IS NOT GRANT$ 9 ! PRES5T CONGRESS4 

,B>CELONA 

#c ,OCTOB] #aia 

,VIC5TE ,PLAZA 7,BOOKB9D]S & ,RELAT$ ,TRADES7 

,RAFAEL ,B]NABEU 7,ALCOY ,TEXTILE ,CRAFT7 

,P$RO ,M>TI 7,JEWELRY & ,SILV]SMI?+ ,WORK]S' ,UNION7 

,JUAN ,BAUTI/A ,E/EVE 7,BUJALANCE ,WORK]S' ,C5T]7 

,TIMOTEO ,F]R] 7,AMALGAMAT$ ,TRADES & ,TAPE/RY ,MAK]S7 

,TOMAS ,SALA 70,PROGRESS0 ,HAIRDRESS]S7 

,JULIAN ,E/EBAN 7,B>CELONA ,MASONS7 

,AFT] LI<T DEBATE ?AT COMRADES ,PLAZA1 ,MANE1 ,BUESO & O!RS TOOK P>T 91 ! MOTION C>RIES4 

,IMM$IATELY AFT]1 ! ,UNION ,A!NEUM'S COMMUNICATION IS READ4 ,! CONGREGANTS LI/5 TO IT ) GREAT ATT5TION4 ,IT IS AGRE$ TO PUBLI% IT 9 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A4 ,H]E IS ! COMMUNICATION3 

,DE> ,SECOND ,CONGRESS ( ! ,REGIONAL ,WORK]S' ,F$]ATION 

,LONG+ TO CONTRIBUTE 9 PROPORTION TO ITS /R5G? TO ! BUS9ESS ( ! REGIONAL WORK]S' F$]ATION'S SECOND CONGRESS1 ! ,UNION ,A!NEUM CONTRIBUTES ) !SE L9ES ITS 5?USIA/IC SUPPORT & EXPECTS ?AT ! CONGRESS' RESULTS WILL NOT DISAPPO9T ! PROLET>IAT'S WI%ES4 

,\R SUPPORT %\LD NOT BE 9T]PRET$ AS AN ACT ( 9TRUD+ IMPOSITION NOR AS BE+ 9T5D$ TO ASSIGN DUTIES1 :I* MU/ BE ! UNIQUE & EXCLUSIVE RESULT ( ! FREE DELIB]ATIONS ( ?IS PROLET>IAN ASSEMBLY4 

,NEV]!LESS1 \R 5TITY COMPOS$ ( PROLET>IANS SU* AS Y\ & VICTIMS1 AS Y\ >E1 ( ! SOCIAL 9JU/ICES EMBODI$ 9 ! DIFF]5T POLITICAL-ECONOMIC REGIMES ?AT PREVAIL1 HAS MADE ITS [N OBS]VATIONS OV] ! DEVELOPM5T & FUNCTION+ ( ! GLOBAL UNION MOVEM5T4 ,& !SE OBS]VATIONS HAVE 9FLU5C$ \R 9T5TION ( ADDRESS+ ,CONGRESS ) BRIEF WORDS1 C]TA9 ?AT !Y WILL BE LI/5$ TO ) ! B5EVOL5CE & TOL]ATION ?AT IS GRANT$ TO EV]Y UNSELFI% & IMP>TIAL 9T5TION4 

,DESPITE ALL ( ! ADVANCES ?AT ! PROGRESSIVE M>* ( !SE TIMES HAS ACQUIR$ = ! REVOLUTION>Y UNION MOVEM5T1 IT IS PRES5TLY DEVELOP+ 9 AN ATMOSPH]E ( D\BLE HO/ILITY ?AT H9D]S ITS M>*4 

,?IS D\BLE HO/ILITY IS CAPITALI/ & WORK] 9 =M4 ,WE /RUGGLE ) ! UND]H&$ OR OP5 HO/ILITY ( ALL CAPITALI/ CLASS 9T]E/S :]E WORK]S >E NOT EMANCIPAT$ FROM WAGE SLAV]Y1 & WE /RUGGLE ) A GREAT MASS ( RESIGN$ & PASSIVE WORK]S :O (T5 BECOME 5EMIES 9 ! CONFLICTS ?AT >ISE BETWE5 ,LABOR & ,CAPITAL4 

,! HO/ILITY ( ! CAPITALI/ CLASSES IS \TW>DLY REVEAL$ 9 DIFF]5T WAYS4 ,FROM AU?ORITY ?AT LIMITS ALL ( \R ACTIONS ?R\< LEGALLY IMPOS$ PRETEXTS AT TIMES--:I* SANCTIONS O!R ACTIONS ?R\< ! SAME CUNN+1 DEMOCRATIC ME?ODS SUGGE/$ TO PEOPLE TO 5?RALL$ !M AGA91 :I* DEP5DS ON ALL ! SKILL$1 PROSELYTIZ+ RHETORIC ( POLITICIANS :O >E DET]M9$ TO DI/ORT ! REVOLUTION>Y 5DS & MEANS ( AN EMANCIPATORY IDEAL1 :I*1 IF TAK5 TO ! MASSES1 W\LD DECL>E !IR P>TY PROGRAMS VOID--TO ! MIS]Y ! MANAG]IAL CLASS PURPOSELY CAUSES TO DISC\RAGE \R 5?USIASM & DEMORALIZE \R WILL1 WE COME UP AGA9/ A S]IES ( OB/ACLES ?AT USUALLY WEAK5 OR EV5 DIV]T UNION ACTION ONTO NEGATIVE ROADS4 

,! UNCONSCI\S HO/ILITY ( ! WORK+ MASSES :O >E 9DIFF]5T TO \R PROPAG&A IS A PRODUCT 9 P>T ( !IR IGNORANCE & ( ! 9FLU5CE ( CAPITALI/ NEWSPAP]S4 

,\R YE>N+S = LIB]ATION /ILL HAVE NOT REA*$ ! BOTTOM ( !IR HE>TS NOR ! DEP?S ( !IR 9TELLIG5CE1 :I* >E DR[SY FROM ! ILLUSORY PROMISES ( POLITICIANS4 

,IT IS NECESS>Y TO RECOGNIZE ?IS3 ?AT :5EV] WE TRY AN ACTIVITY & IT IS NOT SUPPORT$ ) ! UNANIMITY ?AT WE DESIRE1 IT GIVES \R ADV]S>IES CAUSE TO SAY ?AT WORK]S REJECT ! EXALT+ VOICE ( 'UTOPIA'4 

,! V]Y ?+ WE WANT TO DO IS EXPRESS 9 ! WORK+ MASSES' UPP]MO/ ?\<TS IS ?AT RI<T & REASON >E ON \R SIDE4 ,IT IS NECESS>Y ?AT WE FULLY UND]/& ! TRU? ( ?IS OBS]VATION1 SO ?AT 9 \R /RUGGLES WE DO NOT GIVE DI/9CT & NATURAL 5?USIASM A RANGE ?AT DOES NOT EXI/ 9 ! COLLECTIVE1 :I* W\LD DECEIVE US 9 REG>DS TO \R REAL /R5G?4 

,WE >E MOV+ DIFFICULTY 9 ?IS 5VIRONM5T ( D\BLE HO/ILITY BECAUSE WE \RSELVES1 :OM WE CALL A CONSCI\S & MILITANT M9ORITY1 SUFF]1 )\T KN[+ IT1 FROM ! 9FLU5CE ( ?IS 5VIRONM5T :OSE OPPRESSION ALMO/ ALWAYS OBSCURES \R VISION ( ! ,IDEAL ?AT WE SAY TO PURSUE1 MAK+ US DIV]T FROM ! TACTICS ?AT W\LD LEAD US TO \R ,IDEAL'S REALIZATION4 

,WE WANT TO EMANCIPATE \RSELVES FROM WAGE SLAV]Y4 ,WE WANT TO EMANCIPATE \RSELVES FROM ! CAPITALI/ YOKE4 

,C>RI$ AWAY BY ! /+Y1 EGOI/ SPIRIT ?AT IS 9 CONGRUITY ) ! CIRCUM/ANCES ?AT LEAD US 9TO HUMILIAT+ COMPROMISES1 WE \RSELVES (T5 RIVET ?OSE *A9S4 

,WE /R5G!N ?IS YOKE BY LI/5+ TO ! ADVICE ( ?OSE :O COME \T 9 CAPITALISM'S DEF5SE PREA*+ ?AT ,CAPITAL IS 9DISP5SABLE = SOCIETY TO FUNCTION & ?AT )\T ITS DEF5D]--! ,/ATE--SOCIAL LIFE W\LD BE IMPOSSIBLE4 

,WE WANT TO REVOLUTIONIZE ! WORLD4 ,WE WANT TO CREATE A NEW SOCIETY4 

,& ! PREA*+S ( BAD CL]GYM51 :O >E 9T]E/$ 9 MAK+ ! PRES5T 5DURE1 TAKE US ?R\< ! ROAD ( A HYBRID POLITICAL-ECONOMIC RE=MISM ?AT = ! M]E FACT ( BE+ RE=MI/ IS ! NEGATION ( ALL CREATION4 

,WE CALL \RSELVES AUTONOM\S 9 \R ACTIVITIES4 ,& WE >E4 ,BUT ONLY TO SOME EXT5T BECAUSE SEV]AL TIMES \R AGREEM5TS & ACTIONS >E PRODUCTS ( A HIDD51 CAPITALI/ T5D5CY ?AT SECRETLY SEEPS 9TO \R RANKS1 FRU/RAT+ ! DIRECT ACTION EF=T ?AT WE ADVOCATE4 

,9 %ORT1 WE /ILL HAVE ONE E> ?AT IS ATT5TIVE TO ! CU/OMS ( ! PA/1 ANO!R E> ?AT IS ATT5TIVE TO TODAY'S H>MFUL CAPITALI/ PREA*+S1 & A GAZE ?AT IS FIX$ V]Y LITTLE 9 ! FUTURE4 ,?IS DOES NOT DO ANY GOOD1 BUT RESULTS 9 5DLESS RELAPSES )9 A VICI\S CYCLE4 

,?AT ) :I* ! CAPITALI/ CLASS IMPRISONS US ) IS MADE ( IRON4 

,WE WILL NOT BREAK IT BY P]MITT+ \RSELVES TO BE L$ BY POLITICAL RHETORIC ?AT SEEKS TO PUT ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T ON ! TRACKS ( EI!R ! OLD LEGALISM OR A NEW ONE BY :I* WE W\LD SANCTION \R FUTURE SLAV]Y4 4 

,WE WILL NOT BREAK IT IF WE CONS5T TO BE+ WORK%OP FODD] AT ! SAME TIME AS PR(ITABLE FODD] = ! N\RI%M5T ( PR(ESSIONAL POLITICIANS :O1 MASQU]AD+ AS WORK]S1 PLAY ALONG ) CAPITALI/S4 

,WE WILL NOT BREAK IT IF WE DO NOT HAVE ! FIRM 9T5TION ( EMANCIPAT+ \RSELVES ON \R [N & ONLY BY \R [N ME?ODS FROM CAPITALISM1 :I* BLE$S US DRY1 & ! ,/ATE1 :I* FACILITATES ?IS EXPLOITATION 9 A ?\S& WAYS4 

,WE WILL NOT BREAK IT IF WE DO NOT BREAK 9 ADVANCE TWO HYPNOTIC SUGGE/IONS ?AT >E EQUALLY H>MFUL3 

-?AT :I* BELIEVES ?AT !RE CAN BE A REAL & LA/+ PROGRESS = US )9 CAPITALI/ SOCIETY'S DEMOCRATIC FRAMEWORK ?AT RESORTS TO ! MEANS ( ?IS BEGG>DOM ?AT IS CALL$ COOP]ATIVISM ONE DAY & LEGAL ACTION ! NEXT DAY2 & 

-?AT :I* BELIEVES ?AT !SE G5TLEM5 WANT TO & CAN HELP TO COMPLETELY EMANCIPATE US :5 !Y >E ?9K+ AB\T !IR CAPITALI/ POSITIONS & VANITIES FIR/ BE=E ! 9T]E/S ( ! NAIVE PEOPLE :O RAISE !M TO A HI<] POSITION ) !IR VOTES & APPLAUSE4 

,NO?+1 ABSOLUTELY NO?+ CAN WE EXPECT FROM CAPITALI/S4 ,!IR M5 *EAT US :5 !Y ADVISE US TO V5]ATE !SE & ?OSE ?+S ( ! PRES5T SOCIAL /ATE4 

,! CAPITALI/ CLASSES >E NOT GO+ TO FOOLI%LY COMMIT SUICIDE1 P>T+ ) !IR PRIVILEGES & GRANT+ ! WORK+ CLASSES !IR COMPLETE EMANCIPATION4 ,! MO/ ! CAPITALI/ CLASSES CAN DO IS TIE US D[N ANEW ) %ADY DEALS & TRANSACTIONS ?AT WILL FAVOR !M1 PRET5D+ TO BE SELFLESS PROTECTIONS1 YET CON/ITUT+ 5ORM\S SACRIFICES FROM US4 

,! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK+ CLASSES MU/ BE CONQU]$ BY ! WORK+ CLASSES !MSELVES4 ,SO SELF-EVID5T IS ?IS1 IF NOT CLAIRVOYANT1 ?AT WE MU/ DI/RU/ CAPITALI/ PREA*+ ?AT ?OSE ( \R CLASS (T5 EASILY BELIEVE4 

,! 5MITY BETWE5 PROLET>IAN & CAPITALI/ 9T]E/S IS SO IMPLACABLE ?AT IT WILL NOT DISAPPE> )\T ! DISAPPE>ANCE ( BO? CLASSES & ) ! =MATION ( A SOCIETY COMPOS$ ONLY ( FREE & EQUAL PRODUC]S 9 RI<TS & RESPONSIBILITIES4 

,N[ ?IS BE+ SO1 ! ,UNION ,A!NEUM HAV+ P5ETRAT$ ?IS TRU?1 IT HAS WANT$ TO LAY BE=E ,CONGRESS ATT5TION TO AN URG5T1 RELEVANT NECESSITY3 SOCIETAL ORGANIZATION4 

,! CONCRETE1 CLE>1 & PRECISE IDEAL IS ALREADY 9 NUM]\SLY $IT$ BOOKS & PAMPHLETS1 & !Y ONLY AWAIT A GREAT] DIFFUSION AMONG ! WORK+ MASSES4 ,WE DO NOT HAVE TO DWELL ON ?IS PO9T4 

,IF WE >E NOT CLE> & PRECISE1 WE WILL TIE D[N \R 9T5TIONS ) CLUMS9ESS4 

,IF WE FALT] IT IS BECAUSE WE1 ALMO/ ALWAYS ABSORB$ 9 /RUGGLES )\T A CONCEPTUALIZ$ 5D GOAL1 NEGLECT TO SPREAD IT AMONG ! WORK+ MASSES4 

,IF WE /UMBLE 9 \R /RUGGLES1 IT IS BECAUSE WE DO NOT REVITALIZE \R UNION ACTION BY DR9K+ FROM ! F\NTA9 ( ! IDEAL TO REMOVE \R D\BTS4 

,IF \R UNION ACTION IS WEAK1 ?IS IS1 9 %ORT1 ON ! ACC\NT ( 9TELLECTUAL LAZ9ESS4 

,YES WE MU/ DEVELOP ORGANIZATION1 \R UNION ORGANIZATION1 :I* IS FALL+ AP>T BECAUSE ( \R IGNORANCE1 ) A PRIORITY ON DEAL+ ) ALL ( ITS PROBLEMS4 

,BATTLES >E NOT WON )\T SOLDI]S1 & AS WE 9DICAT$ 9 ! BEG9N+1 WE >E FEW 9 NUMB]S4 ,IT IS NECESS>Y TO S]I\SLY ORGANIZE \RSELVES1 ) ! HI<E/ NUMB]S POSSIBLE1 & WE DO NOT D\BT ?AT ,CONGRESS WILL DEVOTE ALL ITS PRIORITIES TO ?IS NE$1 BR++ TOGE!R ALL ME?ODS IT BELIEVES TO BE APPROPRIATE4 

,! CAPITALI/S >E /RONG BECAUSE ASIDE FROM BE+ 9TELLIG5T !Y HAVE SOLDI]S 9 ! RANKS ( !IR POLITICAL P>TIES :O \<T TO BE 9 ! GREAT P>TY ( ,LABOR4 ,! MULTIPLICITY ( !SE POLITICAL P>TIES CREATE DEVIATIONS1 DIFF]5CES1 & PASSIONS AMONG US ?AT ASSURE CAPITALI/ TRIUMPH 9 ALMO/ ALL /RUGGLES ?AT WE UND]TAKE4 

,AS LONG AS \R PEOPLE1 AS LONG AS \R UNIONI/S PREF] ?IS OR ?AT LABEL :I* CAPITALI/ PREA*+ ATTRIBUTES TO !M1 REVOLUTION>Y UNIONISM WILL NOT BUILD ITS /R5G? BECAUSE IT WILL WAV] 9 ! CONFUSION ( ILLOGICALITIES & CONTRADICTIONS4 

,CONSEQU5TLY1 A S]I\S & /UBBORN PROPAG&A ( IDEAS & ORGANIZATION IS NECESS>Y 9 \R WORK+-CLASS CAMP1 & IT IS ?IS NECESSITY ?AT WE SUBMIT TO ,CONGRESS' CONSID]ATION4 

,WE BELIEVE ?IS PROPAG&A ( IDEAS & ?IS ORGANIZATIONAL WORK IS SO URG5T ?AT WE DO NOT HESITATE 9 =ETELL+ DEF9ITE CALAMITIES IF ,CONGRESS DOES NOT SUCCE$ 9 PROVID+ ! ME?ODS TO 9T5SIFY PROPAG&A & ORGANIZATION4 ,IF !SE ME?ODS >E NOT PROVID$ POLITICAL ACTION W\LD SOON ABSORB \R UNION ACTION4 

,POLITICIANS :O >E CONCEIT$ AB\T !IR SUCCESSES >E NOT LACK+4 ,!Y COLLECT GRATITUDE FROM CAPITALI/S 9 ! SAME 9/ANT ?AT !Y SAY !Y >E DEF5D+ ! PROLET>IAT4 ,WE WANT TO EXPECT ?AT ,CONGRESS' WORK WILL ?W>T ?AT CAPITALI/ DESIGN1 WORK ?AT WILL DEPLOY 9 ALL ( \R SUCCESSIVE ACTIVITIES ! ORI5TATION & ACTIVITY ?AT CAN DE/ROY IT4 

,!SE LI<T OBS]VATIONS EXPRESS$1 ! ,UNION ,A!NEUM IS NOT OBLIG$ TO ANY?+ ELSE O!R ?AN TO GREET FELL[ ,CONGRESS MEMB]S & WI% !M S\ND JUDGM5T 9 !IR DELIB]ATIONS4 

,! ,C\NCIL 

,SECRET>Y ,G5]AL1 ,JOSE ,FONTFR$A 

,VISE ,SECRET>Y1 ,P$RO ,CUSCO 

,AFT] ! READ+ ( ?IS MAGNIFIC5T WORK1 COMRADE ,H]R]OS MAKES A MOTION1 & ,CONGRESS ?US AGREES ?AT ! LETT] BE PUBLI%$ 9 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A4 

,! FOLL[+ GREET+ FROM COMRADE ,ANSELMO ,LOR5ZO IS ALSO READ3 

,DE> ,CONGRESS ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A 

,COMRADES1 

,ELECT$ 9 ! CONFID5CE ( Y\R AFFILIAT$ COMRADES EA* ( Y\ >E ! EXPRESSION ( ! 9T5TION ( ?OSE :OM Y\ REPRES5T & ALSO ! E*O ( ! PROLET>IAT'S ASPIRATIONS 9 G5]AL4 

,Y\ >E GO+ TO DRAW UP A PACT DE/9$ TO 9FLU5CE ! EV] PROGRESSIVE M>* ( HUMANITY4 ,! BOOK ( HI/ORY PRES5TS A BLANK PAGE BE=E Y\4 ,PREP>E TO FILL IT ) HONOR1 = Y\RSELVES & = ! B5EFIT ( EV]YONE1 PRES5T & FUTURE4 

,Y\ HAVE LE>N$ SOCIOLOGY 9 ! SAD CLASSROOMS ( ! EXPLOITATION ( WAGE WORK]S1 9 %ORT1 ( EXPLOITATION1 ( S]VITUDE4 

,Y\R RESOLVE & D$ICATION >E ! RESULT ( A SORR[ FROM ! EXP]I5CES Y\ HAVE LIV$ ?R\<4 ,Y\R SCI5CE IS NOT AN ADAPTATION ( ANO!R'S SCATT]$ ?\<TS FROM A PR9T+ H\SE4 

,IT IS 9 GREAT P>T ! 5]GETIC REBELLI\SNESS AGA9/ ?AT ABOM9ABLE RI<T ( ACCESSION GRANT$ = C5TURIES BY ! ,ROMAN LEGISLATOR TO PROPRIETORS1 TO ! USURP]S ( NATURAL & SOCIAL WEAL?4 

,Y\ KN[1 NOT BY ! EX]CISE ( /UDY1 BUT BY PROVOCATION ( ! CAPITALI/ :IP ?AT H>ASSES Y\1 =C+ Y\ TO COLLIDE ) ! H>DNESS ( AU?ORITY1 ) ! SPECULATOR'S GRE$1 & ) ALL PLAGU+ MIS]IES4 

,Y\ >E NO LONG] ! F\R? E/ATE ?AT WAS UNWILL+ TO *ANGE 9 #a<i & ?AT TRI$ TO CORRUPT SOCIAL DEMOCRACY & POLITICAL RADICALISM ) CAPITALISM4 

,Y\ FAVOR PRES5T SOCIETY LESS & FAVOR FUTURE SOCIETY MU* MORE4 

,Y\ >E WORK]S /RIPP$ ( ! RELATIVELY NOBLE /ATUS ( >TISANS1 CONV]T$ 9TO UNSKILL$ LABOR]S1 9TO ! REMA9S ( ANTIQUAT$ 9DU/RY ?AT TRANS=MS Y\ 9TO ACCESSORIES ( ! MA*9E & 9TO ! 0UNEMPLOY$0--WORK]S )\T WORK1 )\T PAY1 )\T BREAD1 )\T A HOME1 )\T AFFECTION1 )\T L& TO TREAD ON1 :O >E SUP]FLU\S1 :O GET 9 ! WAY1 :O DIE 9 A CORN]1 :O DIE ABO>D A TRANSATLANTIC %IP1 OR 9 ! WA/EL& ( A REMOTE COLONY4 

,Y\ >E1 !RE=E1 :AT IS CALL$ ! L[E/ SOCIAL LAY]1 ?AT :I* N\RI%ES ! REMA9+ SOCIAL LAY]S1 EA* ( :I* RECEIVES A RELATIVE & PROPORTIONAL %>E ( PRIVILEGE4 

,= ?IS SAME REASON Y\ >E EXCEPTIONALLY CAPABLE ( ! GR& HUMAN TASK3 SOCIETY'S REORGANIZATION BAS$ UPON EV]YONE'S P>TICIPATION 9 ! UNIV]SAL PATRIMONY1 BAS$ UPON EV]YONE'S CONTRIBUTION TO PRODUCTION & ! RATIONAL DI/RIBUTION ( PRODUCTS4 

,BECAUSE IT IS TRUE 9 JUDG+ A P]SON ?AT :]E LIE !IR TREASURES LIES ALSO !IR HE>T1 Y\--:OSE TRUE PROP]TY IS 9 ! FUTURE--:O DO NOT EXPLOIT ANYBODY1 :O DO NOT *EAT ANYONE1 :O DO NOT LET SOMEONE VICTIMIZE ANO!R1 :O DO NOT HAVE ! SMALLE/ ADVANTAGE 9 ! G5]AL ANTAGONISM ( 9T]E/S ?AT *>ACT]IZES SOCIETY & :O UND]TAKE ORGANIZ+ = R$EEM+ 5DS1 Y\ CAN DEF9ITIVELY LAY ! NEW SOCIETY'S F\NDATIONS4 

,LIB]TY3 ! 9DIVIDUAL1 9 ! PL5ITUDE ( !IR CONSCI5CE & FEEL+S1 FREES !IR HE>T & M9D = ! RATIONAL1 LAT5T EX]CISE ( !IR [N FREE WILL4 ,9DIVIDUAL CAPACITIES EX]CIS+ RATIONAL1 EFFECTIVE FREEWILL UNIT$ 9 FREE AGREEM5TS = C>RY+ !IR PURPOSES1 DESIRES1 & ACTIONS TO ! FUR!/ LIMITS POSSIBLE4 

,?AT IS REVOLUTION>Y UNIONISM4 ,?AT Y\ MU/ BE4 ,?AT Y\R CONGRESS \<T TO BE1 SO ?AT IT PROVIDES AN ]UPTION ( LI<T & /R5G? TO ELEVATE ! PROLET>IAT TO ! CONDITION ( SAVIOR & HUMANITY'S REG5]ATOR 9 EX*ANGE = SO MANY C5TURIES ( TYRANNY4 

,9 ! SAME WAY ?AT ! ATOM OR ! 9VISIBLE P>T ( A BODY CONTA9S ITS LIFE1 AUTONOMY1 & REGUL>ITY1 & 9 ! WAY ?AT ?IS ALL RESULTS 9 ! NORMALCY ( A LIV+ ?+1 SO ALSO MU/ SOCIETY REFLECT ! SATISFACTION ( EV]Y 9FANT1 EV]Y MAN1 EV]Y WOMAN1 EV]Y OLD P]SON AS A SPL5DID MICROCOSM ( ! K9DNESS & BEAUTY ( ?IS WORLD ?AT WE 9HABIT4 

,Y\ D>E TO DECL>E Y\R PL$GES TO ! PRIVILEG$ ( ! E>?1 AL?\< ALL ( !M1 AS F> AS !Y >E1 9 SPITE ( BORD]S & OCEANS1 )\T DI/9CTION ( COLOR1 CRE$1 OR NATIONALITY1 AS F> AS !Y >E IMPOSE UPON EV]Y ONE ( US !IR SW9DL+ 9 RES\RCES1 TRANSPORTATION1 CU/OMS1 TRADE BECAUSE !Y >E MA/]S ( P>CELS ( ! E>?4 ,BY RI<T ( ACCESSION !Y >E MA/]S ( NATURAL FRUITS1 ( 9DU/RIAL FRUITS1 & ( CIVIL FRUITS4 

,TELL !M1 SO ?AT ALL AT ONCE ALL WORK]S :O >E /ILL VEGETAT+ 9 ! ABS5CE ( SOLID>ITY BECOME AW>E ?AT Y\ WANT TO BE HUMANS ( ! BROADE/ DEVELOPM5T2 ?AT NATURE & SOCIETY CAN DEVELOP ?IS TYPE ( HUMAN2 ?AT UNIONISM1 ! ECONOMIC =CE1 MU/ REPLACE ! POLITICAL =CE & ! AU?ORITY ( ,/ATES2 ?AT HUMANITY HAS 5T]$ A NEW PA?2 ?AT SOCIETY MU/ CON=M ) ! 9DIVIDUAL1 NOT ! 9DIVIDUAL ) SOCIETY2 & ?AT ! DAY DRAWS NE>] :5 RI<T IS RECOGNIZ$ BY ! SOLE PRES5CE ( ! 9DIVIDUAL & NOT BY BELONG+ 9 ! ,REGI/RY ( ,PROP]TY4 

,9SPIR$ BY ! PURE/ UND]/&+S--) Y\R GAZE FIX$ ON ! IDEAL ( UNITY & ( CONNECT$ HUMANS--RESOLVE ! ISSUES ?AT LIE BE=E Y\ 9 ,CONGRESS' AG5DA2 CREATE AN EXT5SIVE & P[]FUL ORGANIZATION ?AT GA!RS ALL 9DIVIDUAL 9ITIATIVES & BR+S ! /R5G? & 9TELLIG5CE ( ! MULTITUDE TOGE!R & ?AT MAKES Y\ WOR?Y ( ! FRAT]NAL E/EEM & APPROBATION ( Y\R COMRADES4 

,ANSELMO ,LOR5ZO 

,! FOLL[+ COMMUNICATION FROM COMRADE ,V4 ,G>CIA IS ALSO READ3 

,DE> ,DELEGATES 

,COMRADES1 

,Y\ HAVE ALL COME TO ,CONGRESS BECAUSE Y\ FEEL ! NE$ ( A UNION ( PROLET>IAN =CES ?AT IS RESOLUTE 9 /RUGGL+ TO IMPROVE \R FATE4 

,Y\ HAVE NOT COME TO CREATE A UNION ( SCABS :O GO :]EV] !IR %EPH]D DIRECTS !M4 

,IT IS A UNION ( 5]GY & FREE WILL4 ,IT IS A UNION ( LIFE & GUIDANCE ?AT WILL GIVE LI<T & 5]GY TO UNC]TA9 & TIMID SPIRITS & ?AT WILL RE9=CE /RONG SPIRITS4 

,! WORK :I* Y\ HAVE COME TO DO IS NOT ! CA/RATION ( M9DS & WILLS1 BUT ! LIB]ATION ( ALL4 

,Y\ >E NOT LOOK+ = DUES BECAUSE Y\ KN[ ?AT ! WORK+ CLASS' MONEY WILL NEV] =M ! HEAP NECESS>Y = BR++ D[N ! CAPITALI/ CLASS' VA/ SUMS4 

,Y\ >E LOOK+ = A UNION ?AT CREATES /R5G? & LAW4 ,Y\ >E LOOK+ = 9/RUCTIONS ?AT WILL MAKE ! UNION P]FECT & SOLID & ?AT WILL C>RY WORK]S TO ! OBTA9M5T ( !IR EMANCIPATION4 

,Y\ HAVE SE5 9 ,JULY #aii :AT MAKES A UNION WOR?Y4 ,ORGANIZ$ ,CATALONIA ROSE UP AGA9/ ! 9FAM\S MON/] ( W>1 & IF IT DID NOT W9 IT IS BECAUSE ! 5EMY RELI$ UPON =CES 9 ! RE/ ( ,SPA9 ?AT W]E S5T TO CRU% ! GR&IOSE MOVEM5T4 

,WAS ?AT MOVEM5T SUCCESSFUL )\T ,CATALAN WORK+-CLASS ORGANIZATION8 ,C]TA9LY NOT1 ,I BELIEVE4 

,9 ORD] TO ILLU/RATE :AT SOMEONE IS BY BE+ ISOLAT$ \TSIDE ( A UNION3 ! 9DIVIDUAL )\T ORGANIZATION IS C[>DLY4 ,!Y CANNOT C\NT ON ANY?+ MORE ?AN !MSELF4 ,!Y WILL NOT ATTEMPT ANY?+ GR& 9 /RUGGLE1 & IF !Y TRY1 !Y WILL BE WRUNG \T BE=E UNIT+ ! ELEM5TS NECESS>Y = PRES]V+ !MSELF4 

,! SAME DOES NOT HAPP5 TO ! 9DIVIDUAL :O IS ORGANIZ$4 ,!Y KN[ :AT !Y HAVE ON !IR SIDE TO DEF5D !M4 ,!Y >E ACQUA9T$ ) !IR 9TELLECTUAL & MAT]IAL /ATE1 !IR 9T5TIONS & S5SIBILITIES1 NOT+ BE=EH& MA!MATICALLY ! =CES !Y C\NT UPON4 

,IS IT POSSIBLE TO >RIVE AT A G5]AL /RIKE )\T WORK+-CLASS ORGANIZATION8 ,!RE=E1 H[ IS IT POSSIBLE = A S5SIBLE P]SON TO FI<T AGA9/ ORGANIZATION8 

,IT IS AGRE$ ?AT MOD]N ORGANIZATION IS DEFECTIVE4 ,BUT WE COMBAT ITS DEFECTS4 ,WE REPAIR !M4 ,!IR P]FECTION1 NOT !IR DE/RUCTION1 AWAITS US4 

,! P]SON :O COMBATS WORK+-CLASS ORGANIZATION IS EI!R A MON/] OR AN 5EMY ( WORK]S4 

,M9ORITIES CAN IMPOSE !MSELVES4 ,AN ORGANIZ$ P>T ( ! POPULATION CAN DRAG ! RE/ ACCORD+ TO ! OCCASION OR ! AFFAIR IT IS PASSIONATE AB\T4 ,BUT ?OSE M9ORITIES >E NOT ONE 9DIVIDUAL ACT+ 9 ISOLATION4 

,! WORK] :O IS ISOLAT$ FROM ! /R5G? ?AT CAN BE CREAT$ ?R\< A UNION IS A WEAK /RAW 9 ?IS EXPLOITATIVE >RANGEM5T ?AT QUICKLY OBEYS ! CAPITALI/'S M]E UTT]ANCE4 

,:Y WAS ,CATALONIA LEFT ALONE 9 ! ,JULY #aii /RUGGLE8 ,BECAUSE ! O!R PROV9CES DID NOT HAVE WORK+-CLASS ORGANIZATION & ?OSE ?AT DID HAVE IT W]E NOT CONNECT$4 

,IS IT BECAUSE PEOPLE REJECT ?AT GLORI\S MOVEM5T8 ,IF IT IS APPROV$ ( BUT NOT FOLL[$ ?IS IS ONLY DUE TO ! LACK ( ORGANIZATION & PROLET>IAN GUIDANCE4 

,IT IS TRUE ?AT !RE IS ALREADY A NATIONAL PROLET>IAN ORGANIZATION 9 ,SPA94 

,BUT IF WE BELIEV$ ?AT ?AT ORGANIZATION RESPOND$ TO CIRCUM/ANCES1 IF WE KNEW ?AT IT W\LD RESPOND AS A RESULT ( :AT WE ADD$ TO IT1 ,I BELIEVE WE W\LD MAKE ONE H>MFUL DE$ ! CAUSE ( ANO!R4 

,BUT IT IS MY OP9ION ?AT ! CONF$]ATION ?IS CONGRESS WILL MAKE IS ! ONLY WAY ( APPROA*+ A TRUE UNION4 ,SEE+ ?AT ! COMBATIVE PROLET>IAN MAJORITY DOES NOT FOLL[ ! ,U,G,T1 ! ,U,G,T WILL PROGRESS4 ,9 /RUGGLE WE WILL F9D ONE ANO!R1 & WE WILL GIVE ONE ANO!R ! HELP+ H&S ?AT WILL S[ T]ROR AMONG CAPITALI/S4 

,I W\LD VOTE = A S+LE WORK]S' ORGANIZATION IF ?IS W]E FEASIBLE TO ! DETRIM5T ( NO ONE4 

,I WILL MAKE A CONFESSION TO Y\3 ( ?OSE :O PREA* TO Y\ ?AT ORGANIZATION IS BAD = DO+ ANY?+ GR&1 ,I HAVE NOT SE5 !M AS WOR?Y ( BE+ REBELS4 ,BUT ,I HAVE SE5 !M SUBMIT !MSELVES TO 9IQUIT\S EXPLOITATIONS ?AT O!RS ) LESS DEM&S1 BUT ORGANIZ$1 HAD NOT4 

,& ) P5 9 H& ALREADY1 P]MIT ME MY OP9ION OV] ,CONGRESS' WORK4 

,! TOPICS >E A LOT = ?REE DAYS & ALMO/ ALL ( SECOND>Y IMPORTANCE4 ,IF EV]YONE'S OP9IONS C\LD BE RE/RA9$1 WE W\LD LIMIT ! TOPICS TO TWO OR ?REE1 :I* IS 5\< = A FIR/ CONGRESS1 LEAV+ ! O!RS TO BE /UDI$ BY AFFILIAT$ UNIONS4 ,AT A DET]M9$ TIME1 !Y W\LD GIVE !IR MOTIONS TO A COMMISSION APPO9T$ = SU* A PURPOSE1 & ?IS W\LD TRY TO PUT !M 9TO PRACTICE4 

#a/4 ,F\ND+ ( ,CONGRESS4 ,! ORGANIZATIONS ?AT IT IS COMPOS$ (4 ,RELATIONS & ME?ODS4 

#bND4 ,PROPAG&A3 ! ORGAN NECESS>Y = & RECOMM5D$ TO EV]Y UNION1 9 :I* ALL ACTIONS WILL BE 9S]T$1 RES]V+ SIX OR EI<T PAGES = ?AT PURPOSE1 DEFRAY$ BY ! UNIONS AT A RATE DET]M9$ BY ITS MEMB]S4 

#cRD4 ,! CREATION ( RATIONALI/ S*OOLS4 

,!SE TOPICS HAVE SUPPLEM5TS4 

,FIR/ AMONG O!RS1 ?IS3 ONE CANNOT BELONG TO MORE ?AN ONE UNION ( ! SAME TRADE 9 A LOCALITY1 & IF !RE IS A F$]ATION 9 ONE'S TRADE & IT BELONGS TO ! CONF$]ATION ?AT UNION MU/ F$]ATE4 

,SECOND1 EV]Y COMRADE WILL HAVE TO BELONG TO SOME SOCIETY4 ,IF ?IS MU/ BE !IR TRADE 9 ! T[N !Y RESIDE 91 ?IS MU/ BE AFFILIAT$ TO ! CONF$]ATION 9 ,SPA9 AP>T FROM ! NATION 9 :I* !Y RESIDE4 ,CONGRESS MU/ CREATE ORGANIZ+ COMMISSIONS 9 ALL LOCALITIES & EXP$ITIONS TO ORGANIZE RURAL WORK]S1 M9]S1 ETC4 

,?IRD1 A COMMISSION 9 *>GE ( ORGANIZ+ S*OOLS ?AT WORK 9 AGREEM5T ) ! ,LEAGUE ( ,RATIONALI/ ,$UCATION ?AT WILL BE ABLE TO PROVIDE PR(ESSORS & ORI5T !M AB\T CONDITIONS & ME?ODS4 

,I W\LD MAKE O!R OBS]VATIONS IF ,I W]E NOT CONFID5T ?AT !Y >E UNNECESS>Y = Y\ & IF ,I DID NOT FE> ?AT DUE TO WRONG 9T]PRETATIONS Y\ W\LD SUPPOSE ,I TRI$ TO UND]VALUE Y\R KN[L$GE 9 !SE MATT]S1 :I* ,I KN[ WILL BE SUP]IOR TO M9E BECAUSE ,I NEV] W5T AS A DELEGATE TO ANY CONGRESS & BECAUSE ,I SUPPORT ! IDEA ( NOT GO+ SO AS TO GU>D MY 9DEP5D5CE4 

,LEAVE Y\R ANIMOSITIES ASIDE & C>RY ON ) S]5ITY & FIX$ EYES4 

,) Y\R HE>TS S5SITIVE TO ! COMMON GOOD1 DO SOME?+ PRACTICAL ?AT WILL MAKE ! ,SPANI% PROLET>IAT WOR?Y ( MA9TA9+ ! 9T]NATIONAL SYMPA?Y ?AT ! ,CATALAN PROLET>IAT E>N$ ON ! GLORI\S WEEK ?AT #bf ,JULY #aii M>K$4 ,= WANT+ TO GO FUR!R ?AN :AT PROLET>IAN 9TELLIG5CE P]MITT$1 ,I BELIEVE ! UNSUCCESSFUL F$]ATIONS' LESSONS >E GUIDES = MAK+1 IF NOT P]FECT ACTIVITY1 :I* ,I AM F> FROM BELIEV+1 AT LEA/ PRACTICAL & SOLID WORK4 

,BE> 9 M9D ?AT YE/]DAY'S USEFUL SCI5CE BECOMES USELESS TODAY2 ?AT MOD]N 9DU/RY REQUIRES MOD]N ME?ODS ( /RUGGLE2 ?AT IF POLITICS IS H>MFUL TO ! PROLET>IAT1 ! /RIKE USUALLY IS AS WELL4 ,& BE> 9 M9D :5 ! /RIKE CAN BE DISP5S$ )4 

,YES1 WIDESPREAD IT WILL BE \R SALVATION4 ,BE=E ?AT =TUNATE DAY >RIVES1 TO /AY AFLOAT1 CAPITALI/ SOCIETY'S EVOLUTION REQUIRES AN EVOLUTION 9 /RUGGLE1 9 ! /RIKE ITSELF BECAUSE PROLET>IAN PROGRESS IS F> FROM BE+ ABLE TO USE IT SUCCESSFULLY TODAY4 

,PROLET>IAN 9TELLIG5CE IS LACK+ V]Y MU*1 & H]E ! BE/ /EP ?AT CAN BE TAK5 IS ! CREATION ( RATIONALI/ S*OOLS 9 ALL UNIONS4 ,WE WILL HAVE ! *ANCE TO DISCUSS ! EAS9ESS ( ITS REALIZATION4 

,A H&%AKE4 

,V4 ,G>CIA 

,! LETT] FROM ! ,ESP]ANTO GR\P 5CLOS$ 9 ! SAME COMMUNICATION IS ALSO READ3 

,DE> ,SPANI% ,WORK]S' ,CONGRESS 

,MAK+ MO/ ( ! CIRCUM/ANCES 9 :I* REPRES5TATIVES ( ! 5TIRE ,SPANI% LABOR MOVEM5T >E GA!R$ 9 ?IS CONGRESS1 WE1 SUPPORT]S ( A UNIV]SAL LANGUAGE1 HAVE BELIEV$ 9 ! UNAVOIDABLE NECESSITY ?AT ! ,SPANI% PROLET>IAT LI/5 TO \R VIBRANT VOICE 9 !SE MOM5TS ( /RUGGLE--BEAUTIFUL & GR& T[>D ! F9AL \TCOME !Y >E DEVOT$ TO4 

,ALL ! WORLD'S WORK]S1 ALL ! VICTIMS ( WAGE SLAV]Y FI<T 9 ONE OR ANO!R =M = !IR EMANCIPATION4 ,BE+ AN ASPIRATION ( EV]YONE1 IT IS USELESS TO DO )\T A =MULA ?AT E/ABLI%ES MORAL CONTACT ) ALL ! EXPLOIT$ >\ND ! GLOBE4 ,! 9T]NATIONAL LANGUAGE ,ESP]ANTO CONTRIBUTES T[>D ?IS OBJECTIVE4 

,! 9T]NATIONAL LANGUAGE ,ESP]ANTO IS = HUMANITY1 = ! EXPLOIT$1 = ALL ! WORLD'S \TCA/S1 SO ?AT 9 PURE COMPREH5SION ( IDEAS & 9 FRAT]NITY ( SPIRITS1 /RUGGLE IS CREAT$1 SO ?AT ! VICTORY MANTEL COV]S ALL :O /RUGGLE4 

,! 9T]NATIONAL LANGUAGE ,ESP]ANTO EXI/S TO PUT ALL PEOPLES--:O BECAUSE ( PRES5T1 DISGRACEFUL HUMAN LAWS >E DI/ANT--9 DIRECT COMMUNICATION4 

,TO D5Y ! NECESSITY ( AN 9T]NATIONAL LANGUAGE IS TO D5Y PROGRESS & MOD]N CIVILIZATION4 ,IF DI/ANCE HAS BE5 %ORT5$ TODAY 9 SU* A WAY ?AT WE CAN BE TRANSPORT$ 9 A %ORT SPACE ( TIME TO DIFF]5T C\NTRIES BY RAILWAY1 AUTOMOBILE1 L>GE %IPS1 & MOD]N SY/EMS ( A]IAL NAVIGATION1 :Y 9 !SE PHYSICALLY CONV]G5T MAT]IAL ACTIVITIES IS IT NOT NECESS>Y TO E/ABLI% ! MORALITY SO ?AT BORD]S BETWE5 PEOPLES--?OSE OB/ACLES TO ! ADVANCE ( HUMAN PROGRESS-->E ?US R5D]$ USELESS & DISAPPE>1 E/ABLI%+ ! BEAUTIFUL GOAL ( ONE PEOPLE & ONE FAMILY8 

,IT IS ! PATT]N ( HUMAN TRADITIONS4 ,EV]Y EPO*'S CRIMES HAVE UNLEA%$ BLOODY W>S :]E PEOPLES HAVE MUTUALLY ANNIHILAT$ & DE/ROY$ ONE O!R UND] ! FICTION ( ONE RACE BE+ DIFF]5T FROM ANO!R & ( ! T]RIBLE LOVE = A PIECE ( L&4 ,?IS HAS BE5 ACCOMPANI$ ) ! CREATION ( ! MO/ EXECRABLE HATR$ 9 ALL P>TS4 ,IT EXTOLS & MANIFE/S DIFF]5T 5SIGNS1 MAK+ !M S]VE AS SYMBOLS TO P]PETUATE PEOPLES' TYRANNIES4 

,EV]Y?+ UNFOLDS & DEVELOPS1 CREAT+ & EVOLUTIONIZ+ T[>D A /ATE ( RELATIVE P]FECTION4 ,PHILOLOGY HAS REMA9$ MO/ H9D]$ & SUNK5 9 HUMANITY4 

,ALMO/ ALL PHILOLOGI/S HAVE NOT HAD ANY O!R CONC]N ASIDE FROM /UDY+ DEAD LANGUAGES1 LANGUAGES ?AT W]E SPOK5 9 ANTIQUITY 9 PA/ CIVILIZATIONS1 LANGUAGES ?AT DI$ ) !IR PEOPLES1 NEV] TO BE REVIV$4 

,!SE M5 %\LD HAVE BE5 CONC]N$ ) SOME?+ NEW1 ) SOME?+ PRACTICAL1 ) CREAT+ & DEVELOP+ PHILOLOGY SO ?AT IT EVOLV$ LIKE O!R SCI5CES4 ,KN[+ SU* SCI5CE !Y W\LD HAVE BE5 ABLE TO CONTRIBUTE SOME?+ B5EFICIAL4 

,BUT EV]Y?+ HAS ACQUIR$ A NEW SPIRIT2 EV]Y?+ HAS DISCOV]$ ITSELF4 

,HUMANITY WILL NE$ A TUNEFUL1 MELODIC CONSONANCE 9 FRAT]NAL HOSANNA--! FRAT]NAL LOVE SONG ( SIBL+S4 

,A P]SON AMID !IR PEOPLE'S MIS]IES & HATR$S P]CEIV$ ! IDEA ?AT BE=E !Y DEVELOP$ !Y W]E ONLY A MY?IC CREATURE1 A %AD[1 SOME?+ UNREAL MANIFE/+ 9 ! REAL WORLD4 

,:5 ! DIFFICULTIES = REALIZ+ SU* A GR& TASK BECOME GREAT]1 \R 5?USIASM = PROPAGAT+ IT BECOMES MORE 9T5SE & MORE LIVELY4 ,WE %ALL NEV] BE FRI<T5$4 ,WE WILL NOT SURR5D] TO ANY?+4 ,WE WILL NOT AB&ON IT4 ,WE WILL CONT9UE /RONG1 DECISIVE1 FI]Y1 & P[]FUL AT ALL TIMES4 

,/&+ /RAI<T ) \R HEADS HELD HI< WE WILL PROPAGATE & S[ ! BEAUTIFUL1 GOOD1 & FRUITFUL SE$1 :I*1 GR[+ RAPIDLY 9CREASES BY ! M9UTE4 ,IT IS ALREADY PO9TLESS TO RISK ITS DEA? OR ITS DISAPPE>ANCE4 ,V]Y MU* TO ! CONTR>Y1 SEE IT AS ALIVE1 AS GR[+1 AS RIS+ BEAUTIFULLY & FRE%LY1 SL[+ LITTLE TO REA* REALITY'S SUMMIT & LAY+ D[N ITS DOM9IONS 9 ! WORLD4 

,COMRADES1 BECAUSE ( ?IS WE ADDRESS Y\1 WE ADDRESS ALL WORK]S1 ALL :O >E SUFF]+ FROM ! YOKE ( MOD]N SLAV]Y TO PREP>E & PLAN ?IS HUMAN 5DEAVOR :ILE Y\ CONSID] ! GREAT VALUE ?AT ! ACQUISITION ( AN 9T]NATIONAL LANGUAGE REPRES5TS TO ! PROLET>IAT4 

,LABOR]S1 WORK+ COMRADES6 ,TO Y\ :O >E GA!R$ 9 GREAT ASSEMBLY :O >E GO+ TO DISCUSS GREAT MATT]S1 Y\ >E GO+ TO LAY ! ROAD = ! ,SPANI% PROLET>IAT TO FOLL[1 A ROAD :I* M>KS \T FIRM & USEFUL DIRECTIONS4 

,WE ADDRESS ?IS SMALL WRIT+ TO Y\1 SO ?AT Y\ FUZE :AT IS EXPRESS$ BECAUSE IT IS AN EASY-/RUCTUR$ LANGUAGE = WE :O HAVE MANUAL JOBS & DO NOT HAVE 5\< TIME TO /UDY2 SO ?AT Y\ DO NOT LET IT FALL ON DEAF E>S 9 ?OSE SECTORS ?AT UNIONISM NE$S 9 ORD] TO MAKE 9T]NATIONAL COOP]ATION FEASIBLE2 & TO >RIVE AT ! CELEBRAT$ EXPRESSION1 'WORK]S ( ! WORLD1 UNITE4' 

,) A LANGUAGE UNIV]SAL & COMMON TO ALL PEOPLES & RACES WE WILL REA* HUMAN EMANCIPATION TI<TLY UNIT$4 

,! ,FREE ,ESP]ANTO ,GR\P 

,FIR/ ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE 

 #cRD ,TOPIC4 ,IS IT NECESS>Y OR ADVANTAGE\S = UNIONISM ?AT ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A BECOMES A NATION-WIDE CONF$]ATION8 

,MOTION3 

,?AT A ,SPANI% G5]AL CONF$]ATION ( LABOR IS CREAT$1 TEMPOR>ILY MADE UP ( ALL UNIONS ?AT DO NOT BELONG TO ! ,U,G,T1 ON ! CONDITION ?AT ONCE ! ,SPANI% G5]AL CONF$]ATION ( LABOR IS CREAT$ IT TRIES TO >RIVE TO AN AGREEM5T BETWE5 ! TWO UNIONS ) ! PURPOSE ( UNIT+ ! 5TIRE WORK+ CLASS 9TO A S+LE ORGANIZATION4 

,B>CELONA 

#c ,OCTOB] #aia 

,JOSE ,C>R]AS 7,SAN ,M>T9 ,HAIRDRESS]S7 

,J]ONIMO ,F>RE 7,T>RASA ,WOODWORK+ ,CRAFT7 

,JOAQU9 ,ZUF]RI 7,Z>AGOZA ,WORK]S' ,F$]ATION & ,WOOD ,WORK]S' ,UNION7 

,JOSE ,BELIS 7,BADALONA ,AMALGAMAT$ ,WORK]S7 

,JUAN ,CUSCO 7,B>CELONA ,C>P5T]S7 

,! DISS5T+ MOTION ( MEMB]S 7,SITGES ,AGRICULTURAL ,UNIONS & ,CYL9D] ,5GRAV]S ,UNION7 9 ! SAME ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE ACCOMPANIES ?IS MOTION1 :I* IS AS FOLL[S3 

,?AT ! REGIONAL CONF$]ATION ( UNIONS ?AT MAKE UP ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A CONT9UE BE+ REGIONAL ) ! UND]/&+ TO TRY TO HAVE IMM$IATE TALKS ) ! ,SPANI% ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION TO SECURE A UNION ) O!R F$]ATIONS & = ! AIM ( F$]AT+ ?OSE :O >E NOT CURR5TLY 9 ONE NOR ANO!R BODY4 

,B>CELONA 

#c ,OCTOB] #aia 

,JUAN ,DURAN 

,JAC9TO ,PUIG 

,DEBATE OV] ?IS TOPIC OP5S UP1 = :I* ! ASSEMBLY ALL[S ?REE TURNS 9 FAVOR & ?REE AGA9/4 

,COMRADE ,F>RE 7,T>RASA7 HAS ! FLOOR FIR/4 ,HE SAYS ?AT ! MAJORITY MOTION %\LD NOT BE RECEIV$ AS HATR$ AGA9/ ! ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION1 BUT1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 AS ! ISSUE ( A NATIONAL WORK]S' CONF$]ATION1 ITS PURPOSE IS TO GR\P 9TO ONE F$]ATION UNIONS ?AT EXI/ \TSIDE ( ! ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION4 

,COMRADE ,PUIG 7,CYL9D] ,5GRAV]S7 HAS ! FLOOR TO DEF5D ! M9ORITY VOTE4 ,9 HIS SUPPORT HE CLAIMS ?AT ! ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION W\LD ADMIT ! ,CATALAN WORK]S' F$]ATION4 ,9 CONSEQU5CE1 HE ASKS ?AT ! DISS5T+ OP9ION BE APPROV$ & ! MAJORITY MOTION REJECT$4 ,FUR!RMORE1 HE SAYS ?AT IF ! ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A F$]ATION DECL>$ ITSELF NATIONAL IT W\LD BE QUALIFI$ TO BE CONSID]$ YELL[4 

,COMRADE ,NEGRE HAS ! FLOOR4 ,HE BEG9S BY BEGG+ ALL DELEGATES NOT TO BE AFFLICT$ BY DEBATE BECAUSE DIVISION IS NOT :AT IS BE+ LOOK$ = H]E4 ,BUT ON ! CONTR>Y1 :AT IS BE+ S\<T IS LI<T & H>MONY AMONG ALL ! EXPLOIT$4 

,HE ADDS ?AT ! 9ITIATIVE TO CONV]T ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A 9TO A ,SPANI% CONF$]ATION DID NOT />T FROM ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A BUT FROM MANY 5TITIES \TSIDE ( ,CATALONIA ?AT >E EAG] TO BE 9 SOLID>ITY ) UNIONS ?AT >E NOT F\ND 9 ! ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION TODAY1 UNIONS ?AT >E SYMPA!TIC TO DIRECT ME?ODS ( /RUGGLE4 

,HE ADDS ?AT ! F\NDATION ( A ,SPANI% REGIONAL CONF$]ATION DOES NOT CONTRADICT ! ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION1 S9CE ! CONF$]ATION W\LD NEV] BE AT ODDS ) IT1 BUT W\LD AID IT 9 ALL ( ITS /RUGGLES4 

,FUR!RMORE1 HE EXPLA9S ?AT ONCE ! NATIONAL WORK]S' F$]ATION IS F\ND$1 IT WILL BE SE5 :I* ME?ODS >E MORE PRACTICAL1 ?OSE EMPLOY$ BY ONE OR ! O!R UNION4 

,COMRADE ,NEGRE REBUTS :AT COMRADE ,PUIG HAS SAID1 SAY+ ?AT S9CE PA/ EV5TS1 FROM ,JULY UNTIL ! PRES5T1 MORE ?AN TW5TY UNIONS HAVE JO9$ ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A1 PALPABLE PRO( ( ! FRUITFUL LABOR EMPLOY$ BY ! SAME4 

,HE F9I%ES BY SAY+ ?AT IF ! WORK+ CLASSES ( O!R REGIONS HAD BE5 ASSEMBL$ DUR+ ! ,JULY EV5TS1 !Y W\LD HAVE SE5 A DIFF]5T \TCOME4 ,! BRUTAL REPRESSIONS ?AT TOOK EFFECT 9 ,CATALONIA & O!R ,SPANI% REGIONS W\LD NOT HAVE TAK5 PLACE4 

,COMRADE ,SALAS 7,HAIRDRESS]S7 /ATES ?AT HE IS 9 FAVOR ( ! M9ORITY VOTE4 ,HE >GUES ?AT ! CREATION ( A ,SPANI% WORK]S' CONF$]ATION W\LD BE ! DIVISION ( ! PROLET>IAT4 

,COMRADE ,ALV>EZ 7,GIJON ,WORK]S' ,UNIONS7 SPEAKS 9 SUPPORT ( CREAT+ ! NATIONAL WORK]S' F$]ATION4 ,T[>D ?AT 5D HE (F]S IMM5SE /ATI/ICAL DATA AS PRO( ?AT \TSIDE ! ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION !RE >E MANY MORE UNIONS ?AN BELONG TO SAID UNION4 ,HE SAYS ?AT PALPABLE PRO( ( ! DESIRE TO CREATE ! ,SPANI% CONF$]ATION IS ! GREAT NUMB] ( UNIONS ?AT >E ATT5D+ ! PRES5T CONGRESS4 ,FUR!RMORE1 ! TACTICS EMPLOY$ BY ! ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION UP TO ! PRES5T HAVE NOT SATISFI$ ! CONSCI\S PROLET>IAT'S ASPIRATIONS4 ,HE F9I%ES BY SAY+ ?AT ! UNIONS HE REPRES5TS COMPLETELY CON=M TO ! CREATION ( ! ALREADY-M5TION$ NATIONAL WORK]S' CONF$]ATION4 

,AFT] GREET+ ! CONGRESSI/S ,COMRADE ,CABANA 7,EBONI/S7 MAKES SOME /ATEM5TS ) ! CONCRETE OBJECTIVE ( COMBAT+ ! MAJORITY MOTION4 ,HE SAYS ?AT EV5 ?\< HIS UNION DOES NOT BELONG TO ! ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION1 HE VIEWS SAID BODY ) SYMPA?Y & PROPOSES ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A CONT9UE TO BE A REGIONAL CONF$]ATION4 

,COMRADE ,F>RE TAKES ! FLOOR TO CONFIRM SUPPORT = ! MAJORITY MOTION4 ,HE SAYS ?AT ! ,T>RASA ,UNIONS AS A :OLE >E OPPOS$ TO ! TACTICS FOLL[$ UNTIL ! PRES5T DAY BY ! ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION & >E !RE=E 9 FAVOR ( ! ,SPANI% F$]ATION'S CREATION4 

,COMRADE ,PUIG 7,CYL9D] ,5GRAV]S7 SAYS ?AT NONE ( ! >GUM5TS EXPRESS$ BY HIS RIVALS HAVE CONV9C$ HIM1 & HE F9I%ES BY SAY+ ?AT ! ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION W\LD MODIFY ITS TACTICS IF ! ,CATALAN F$]ATION JO9$ IT4 

,COMRADE ,NEGRE RISES TO CONFIRM SUPPORT = ! MOTION & TELLS \R COLLEAGUES NOT TO BE DI/RESS$ DUR+ DEBATE4 ,AFT] LI/5+ TO ?OSE :O HAVE SPOK5 9 FAVOR ( & AGA9/ ! CREATION ( A NATIONAL WORK]S' F$]ATION1 !Y WILL DECIDE ) !IR VOTE ON ! NECESSITY OR NOT ( CREAT+ ! F$]ATION M5TION$4 

,HE /RESSES HIS PRIOR /ATEM5TS1 UND]L9+ ! EXTREME NE$ ?AT !RE IS = ! CREATION ( ?IS NATIONAL F$]ATION4 ,HE SAYS ?AT ! DAILY P]SECUTIONS SUFF]$ BY WORK]S AFFILIAT$ ) ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A PALPABLY DEMON/RATES ! EMANCIPATORY WORK ?AT ?IS F$]ATION ACCOMPLI%ES & ! T]ROR ?AT CAPITALI/S FEELS AT ! SOLE ANN\NCEM5T ( ANY ECONOMIC /RUGGLE4 

,HE ADDS ?AT ?IS NATIONAL F$]ATION WILL NOT FAIL BECAUSE CONSCI\S & RESOLUTE WORK]S MU/ JO9 IT4 ,?OSE OPPOS+ ?IS F$]ATION HAVE SAID ?AT IT IS COMPOS$ SOLELY & EXCLUSIVELY ( AN>*I/S4 ,?IS IS NOT TRUE BECAUSE ! /RICTE/ NEUTRALITY IS OBS]V$ 9 ! UNIONS' DECISIONS & BECAUSE !Y >E MADE UP ( WORK]S ( DIFF]5T %ADES4 ,HE F9I%ES BY SAY+ ?AT DUR+ DIFFICULT TIMES = ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A ?OSE :O DEFAM$ IT 9/EAD ( DEF5D+ IT1 AS WAS !IR DUTY1 >E WOR?Y ( BE+ DESPIS$4 

,COMRADE ,SALA TAKES ! FLOOR4 ,HE BEG9S BY DECL>+ ?AT AS MU* ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A & O!R BODIES ( A LOCAL *>ACT] %\LD LOGICALLY M]GE 9TO A SOLE NATIONAL 5TITY4 ,IT SEEMS ?AT !RE IS A M>K$ 9T]E/ 9 PUTT+ ,B>CELONA ABOVE ! LEVEL ( O!R REGIONS )\T TAK+ 9TO ACC\NT ?AT ,CATALONIA ROSE ?ANKS TO ! IMPULSE ( WORK]S 9 ! RE/ ( ,SPA9 & NOT1 AS IS TRY+ TO BE DEMON/RAT$1 ON ACC\NT ( ITS [N ISOLAT$ EF=TS4 ,I DO NOT WANT TO SAY ?AT ,I D5Y ?AT !RE HAS BE5 A LOT ?AT ,CATALAN WORK]S HAVE /RUGGL$ ?R\< ON ACC\NT ( !IR RESOLVE1 BUT IT WAS ALWAYS DONE ) ! EFFECTIVE HELP ( WORK]S FROM O!R REGIONS4 

,SI]RA ,ALV>EZ SAYS ?AT IT CAUSES HIM GREAT SURPRISE ?AT SOME COMRADES TAKE ! FLOOR AGA9/ \R >GUM5TS1 WANT+ TO %[ US ! ,U,G,T'S GOODNESS1 COMPLETELY =GETT+ ! PUNI%ABLE ACTIONS C>RI$ 9TO EFFECT BY ?IS 5TITY1 ACTIONS ?AT C\LD HAVE RESULT$ 9 \R /RIK+ COMRADES' DEFEAT4 ,& 9 DEMON/RATION ( ?IS ASS]TION1 HE RECALLS ?IS 5TITY'S ATTITUDE 9 #a#i#b1 ON ! OCCASION ( ! ,B>CELONA METAL WORK]S' G5]AL /RIKE4 

,ADDITIONALLY1 ?OSE :O HAVE TAK5 ! FLOOR ASS]T BE=E ME ?AT ! ,SOLID>IDAD REGIONAL F$]ATION W\LD BE DECL>$ YELL[ UPON BECOM+ NATIONAL BECAUSE IT W\LD CON/ITUTE ANO!R NATIONAL F$]ATION4 

,I MU/ PRES5T ?REE CONCRETE FACTS ?AT PROVE ?AT WE %\LD C>E LITTLE AB\T ! DECREES ?AT !Y WANT TO GIVE US3 ! .<,>G5T9E8.> ,G5]AL ,CONF$]ATION ( ,LABOR REG>D$ ! NATIONAL F$]ATION ( ,BU5OS ,AIRES AS YELL[ & 9 SPITE ( IT1 IT WAS /RONG] ?AN ?AT ALREADY F$]AT$4 ,! SAME ?+ WAS REPEAT$ 9 ,BELGIUM4 ,& 9 F9I%+1 ,I WILL HAVE TO M5TION ! CASE ( ,VIGO4 ,A UNION COMPOS$ ( ELEV5 9DIVIDUALS BELONG+ TO ! ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION EXI/S AT ! SAME TIME AS ?AT ( ANO!R ( ! SAME TRADE4 ,?IS NON-F$]AT$ UNION HAS A NUMB] ( EI<TY-SIX 9DIVIDUALS4 ,?IS IS :AT ! DECREE ( BE+ DECL>$ YELL[ MEANS1 ?AT :I* HAS MORE =CE4 

,! ,EBONI/S' DELEGATE BELIEVES ?AT ! TWO T5D5CIES HAVE ALREADY BE5 EXPRESS$ H]E SUFFICI5TLY1 & HE REPEATS :AT HAS BE5 PREVI\SLY EXPRESS$4 

,AT ! *AIR'S PLEASURE ! MAJORITY & DISS5T+ MOTIONS >E READ AGA94 ,VOT+ TAKES PLACE IMM$IATELY AFT]1 PRODUC+ ! FOLL[+ RESULTS3 #hd VOTES 9 FAVOR1 #ad AGA9/1 #c AB/5TIONS4 

,! SESSION ADJ\RNS AT #a3#c4 

,! NEXT SESSION'S (FIC]S >E AS FOLL[S3 ,SI]RA ,ALV>EZ AS PRESID5T & ,F]RE1 ,SALUD1 & ,H]R]OS AS SECRET>IES4 

,?IRD ,SESSION 

,! SESSION BEG9S AT #a3#c 9 ! MORN+4 ,COMRADE ,C>R]AS PRESIDES4 

,HE OP5S ! ,FIR/ ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE'S ELEV5? & ?IRTE5? TOPICS UP = DEBATE4 

 #a#a?4 ,ONCE ! NATION-WIDE CONF$]ATION ( LABOR IS ORGANIZ$1 DOES IT REQUIRE ! E/ABLI%M5T ( F$]ATIONS ( TRADES & RELAT$ TRADES8 

 "9"9#a#c?4 ,! USEFULNESS ( WORK]S BE+ ORGANIZ$ BY CRAFTS & TRADES--& ?AT RELAT$ TRADES OR TRADES CONV]G+ T[>D A COMMON OBJECTIVE E/ABLI% F$]ATIONS4 
"9"9 

,! MAJORITY MOTIONS ( SAID TOPICS C>RY UNANIM\SLY4 ,ONCE ! CONF$]ATION IS ORGANIZ$ IT IS EXTREMELY NECESS>Y TO E/ABLI% F$]ATIONS ( TRADES & RELAT$ TRADES4 

,IMM$IATELY AFT]1 ! F\R?1 SIX?1 & T5? TOPICS >E DISCUSS$4 

 #d? ,TOPIC4 ,H[ TO PUBLI% A DAILY UNION PAP] = ! CONF$]ATION4 

,MOTION3 

,! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE CONSID]S ! PUBLICATION ( A DAILY NEWSPAP] ?AT IS A TRUE DEF5D] ( ! WORK+ CLASS TO BE 9DISP5SABLY NECESS>Y4 ,BUT1 NEV]!LESS1 IT BELIEVES ?AT ! ECONOMIC CIRCUM/ANCES ?R\< :I* UNION ORGANIZATION IS PASS+ ?R\< >E NOT SUITABLE = UND]TAK+ SU* A GREAT ( PROPAG&A EF=T4 

,YET1 ! COMMITTEE WI%ES = ,CONGRESS TO GRANT RESPONSIBILITIES TO ! F$]ATION'S ADM9I/RATIVE C\NCIL1 SO ?AT ONCE ! NUMB] ( MEMB] COLLECTIVES IS KN[N1 ! C\NCIL WILL /UDY ! MO/ PRACTICAL ME?OD ( C>RY+ \T ! WORK ( FUND+ ! NEWSPAP]4 ,) ?AT PURPOSE1 9 ! NEXT CONGRESS OR BE=E IF POSSIBLE1 ! C\NCIL WILL PRES5T A SUMM>Y ( ITS WORK BAS$ ON ! /RICTE/ TRU? ( ! SITUATION4 

,:ILE ?IS DOES NOT EXI/1 ,CONGRESS %\LD AGREE ?AT ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A PUBLI% WEEKLY & REGUL>LY A CIRCULATION EV5 GREAT] ?AN N[ TO BE ABLE TO GIVE GREAT] ATT5TION TO CURR5T SOCIAL /RUGGLES & ! GR& DEVELOPM5T ?AT WORK+-CLASS ORGANIZATION IS TAK+ 9 ,SPA94 

,P4 ,SI]RA ,ALV>EZ 

,TOMAS ,SALA 

,J4 ,ROVIRA 

,JUAN ,SATORRA 

,P$RO ,MAYOL 

 "9"9#f? ,TOPIC4 ,CAN UNION PROPAG&A YIELD BETT] RESULTS ?AT W\LD JU/IFY ! EF=TS & 5]GIES US$8 ,9 ! AFFIRMATIVE CASE1 :AT =MS & MANN]S >E BELIEV$ TO BE MORE PRACTICAL TO A*IEVE SAID RESULTS8 
"9"9 

,MOTION3 

,! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE RECOGNIZES ?AT UNION PROPAG&A CAN YIELD BETT] RESULTS ?AN ?OSE OBTA9$ UP TO N[4 ,= ?AT PURPOSE1 IT PROPOSES ! FOLL[+ ME?ODS TO ,CONGRESS3 

,FIR/4 ,CREATE 9 ALL POPULATIONS :]E IT IS POSSIBLE GR\PS SOLELY D$ICAT$ TO SPREAD+ UNION PR9CIPLES AMONG ! WORK+ CLASS1 ESPECIALLY AMONG ! WORK+ Y\?4 ,!SE GR\PS %\LD ALSO S]VE AS AN $UCATIONAL S*OOL = SETT+ UP A S*OOL TO TRA9 COMRADES CAPABLE ( SPEAK+ TO ! PUBLIC 9 RALLIES1 ( LECTUR+ 9 CONF]5CES1 ( WRIT+ 9 NEWSPAP]S1 & = ALL O!R =MS ( UNION ACTION4 

,SECOND4 ,PUBLI% SIMPLE-WRITT5 LEAFLETS = FREE DI/RIBUTION TO ALL ! EXPLOIT$ 9 WORK%OPS1 9 ! C\NTRYSIDE1 & 9 ! M9ES4 ,! EXP5SES ( !SE LEAFLETS WILL BE DEFRAY$ BY A SPECIAL1 S+LE PRO RATA ( ONE C5TIMO P] F$]ATE1 :OSE TOTAL CO/S >E ALWAYS ABLE TO /AY )9 FUNDS AVAILABLE BECAUSE ! LEAFLETS WILL BE SOLD AT #be C5TIMOS P] HUNDR$ TO GR\PS & COMRADES :O WILL BE PUT 9 *>GE ( DI/RIBUT+ !M 9 V>I\S LOCALITIES4 

,?IRD4 ,PUBLI% PAMPHLETS ( GOOD & CLE> UNION PROPAG&A1 ) ! SAME FUND RAIS$1 ?AT WILL BE SOLD AT A PRICE ?AT CAN NEV] EXCE$ FIVE C5TIMOS 9 ORD] TO MAKE DISSEM9ATION MORE FEASIBLE4 

,%\LD ,CONGRESS F9D ITSELF TO BE 9 AGREEM5T ) ?IS OP9ION1 ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE DEEMS IT NECESS>Y TO CON/ITUTE )9 ! NATIONAL F$]ATION'S ADM9I/RATIVE C\NCIL A PROPAG&A COMMITTEE TO BE 9 *>GE ( PUTT+ !SE DECISIONS 9TO PRACTICE1 SO O!RS CAN DO ! SAME IF NECESS>Y1 PROVID$ ?AT !Y >E 9 AGREEM5T ) ! /&>DS EXPRESS$ 9 !SE MOTIONS4 

,TOMAS ,SALA 

,P4 ,SI]RA ,ALV>EZ 

,JUAN ,ROVIRA 

,JUAN ,SATORRA 

,P$RO ,MAYOL 

 #a? ,TOPIC4 ,! NECESSITY ( E/ABLI%+ S*OOLS )9 WORK]S' UNIONS2 ! PRACTICAL MANN] ( C>RY+ ?IS \T4 

,MOTION3 

,! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE EXPRESSES COMPLETE AGREEM5T ?AT UNIONS OR LOCAL F$]ATIONS IMM$IATELY F\ND S*OOLS = $UCAT+ ! WORK+ CLASS4 

,9 REG>DS TO ! TEA*+ ME?OD1 WE BELIEVE IT MORE PRACTICAL ?AT ! S*OOLS >E 9SPIR$ BY ! RATIONAL DISSEM9ATION ( SCI5TIFIC KN[L$GE & ! APPLICATION ( TE*NICAL-PR(ESSIONAL $UCATION TO MAKE /UD5TS 9TO WORK]S AT ! SAME TIME ?AT !Y >E MADE 9TO PEOPLE /RIPP$ ( ALL PREJUDICES & DEF5D]S ( !IR RI<TS1 WORK]S CAPABLE ( W9N+ 9 A DIGNIFI$ MANN] )9 PRES5T SOCIETY ! WAGES NECESS>Y TO SATISFY !IR MORE PRESS+ NE$S4 

,!RE=E1 = ! PURPOSE ( REALIZ+ !SE WI%ES1 IT IS E>NE/LY RECOMM5D$ ?AT ! COLLECTIVES M5TION$ 9 ! FIR/ P>AGRAPH SET EXTRAORD9>Y QUOTAS TO CREATE S*OOLS MADE POSSIBLE BY ! ORGANIZ$ WORK+ CLASS' [N EF=TS4 

,P4 ,SI]RA ,ALV>EZ 

,TOMAS ,SALA 

,JUAN ,SATORRA 

,JUAN ,ROVIRA 

,! ABOVE IS DISCUSS$1 & AFT] V>I\S COMRADES SPEAK1 ! FOLL[+ C>RIES3 

#a/4 ,! CREATION ( A DAILY UNION PAP] ( ! CONF$]ATION IS 9DISP5SABLE4 ,BUT 9 VIEW ( ! ECONOMIC SITUATION ?R\< :I* WORK]S' UNIONS >E PASS+ ?R\<1 ALL POSSIBLE AID WILL BE L5T TO ! NEWSPAP] ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A :OSE PUBLICATION IS =?COM+4 

#bND4 ,! CREATION ( GR\PS ( Y\NG WORK]S D$ICAT$ TO UNION PROPAG&A & ?AT FREQU5TLY DI/RIBUTE LEAFLETS GUID$ BY ! SAME OBJECTIVE4 

#cRD4 ,COMMISSIONS WILL BE APPO9T$ )9 COMMITTEES CONC]N$ ) ! CREATION ( S*OOLS4 

,! SESSION ADJ\RNS AT #a#b3#c4 

,F\R? ,SESSION 

,! SESSION BEG9S AT #d3 9 ! AFT]NOON4 

,! PREVI\S SESSION'S M9UTES >E READ & APPROV$ AFT] SLI<T MODIFICATIONS4 

,! AFFILIATION ( ! ,HUELVA ,WORK]S' ,UNION & V>I\S COMRADES 7,JATIVA7 >E PUT ON RECORD4 

,DEBATE MOVES TO ! #a#d? & #a#e? TOPICS' MOTIONS4 

 #a#d? ,TOPIC4 ,! ME?OD TO A*IEVE ORGANIZ+ ALL WORK]S ( A SAME TRADE2 ! ABOLITION ( PIECEWORK4 

,! TOPIC IS DIVID$ 9TO TWO P>TS = BETT] DEBATE1 ONE OV] ORGANIZATION & ! O!R OV] ! ABOLITION ( PIECEWORK4 ,! FIR/ C>RIES 9 ! FOLL[+ =M3 

,?AT EA* UNION PUT 9 ITS BYLAWS AN >TICLE ?AT REQUIRES ALL MEMB]S TO UNIONIZE !IR FAMILY 9 !IR RESPECTIVE TRADE UNION1 9 AN AMALGAMAT$ TRADES' UNION OR 9 ! NE>E/ UNION4 ,FUR!RMORE1 ?AT EV]Y WORK] BE OBLIGAT$ TO 5GAGE 9 ACTIVE PROPAG&A 9 FAVOR ( ! UNION4 

,! SECOND P>T ( ! #a#d? TOPIC IS ! P5D+ ITEM ( BUS9ESS4 ,BECAUSE ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE DID NOT PRES5T ITS MOTION1 FELL[ ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE MEMB] ,M>CET 7,SABADELL7 ISSUES HIS [N4 ,AFT] LI<T DEBATE & AFT] REJECT+ ANO!R MOTION1 ! FOLL[+ C>RIES3 

,TO ABOLI% PIECEWORK ) REM>KABLE SUCCESS ALL MEANS WILL BE US$ ?AT DIRECT ACTION RECOMM5DS1 SU* AS BOYCOTT1 SABOTAGE1 ETC41 AGA9/ /RATEGIC OBJECTIVES AT ! FIRM :]E /RUGGLE IGNITES4 

 #a#e?4 ,:I* ME?OD IS BELIEV$ TO BE QUICK] = PREV5T+ Y\? ( BO? SEXES UND] ! AGE ( #ad FROM WORK+8 

,IT IS ALSO DECID$ TO /RICTLY PROHIBIT ! EMPLOYM5T ( MANUAL *ILD LABOR4 

,AFT]W>DS1 DEBATE MOVES ONTO 

 "9"9#e? ,TOPIC4 ,MU/ UNIONISM BE ! MEANS OR 5DS ( WORK+-CLASS EMANCIPATION8 
"9"9 

,CONGRESS DECL>ES ?AT3 

,CON/ITUT+ ! ORGANIZ$ WORK+ CLASSES RESI/+ ! DIFF]5T1 UNIT$ POSSESS+ CLASSES' P[]1 UNIONISM %\LD NOT BE CONSID]$ AS ! 5D GOAL4 

,IT %\LD NOT BE 9T]PRET$ AS AN IDEAL1 BUT AS A MEANS ( /RUGGLE BETWE5 ! TWO ANTAGONI/IC CLASSES1 AS A =CE TO OBTA9 = ! TIME BE+ ADVANTAGES ?AT P]MIT ! WORK+ CLASS TO BE ABLE TO 9T5SIFY ?IS /RUGGLE 9SIDE ! PRES5T /ATE-(-?+S TO OBTA9 ! 5TIRE WORK+ CLASS'S COMPLETE ECONOMIC EMANCIPATION BY REVOLUTION>ILY EXPROPRIAT+ ! CAPITALI/ CLASSES AS SOON AS UNIONISM--?AT IS1 ! ORGANIZ$ WORK+ CLASS--CONSID]S ITSELF NUM]ICALLY /RONG 5\< & 9TELLECTUALLY QUALIFI$ 5\< TO EXPROPRIATE ! SOCIAL WEAL? ?AT ! CAPITALI/ CLASSES >BITR>ILY & ILLEGITIMATELY POSSESS1 & TO C>RY \T ! DIRECTION ( PRODUCTION ?AT FOLL[S !REAFT]4 

,ANGEL ,M>T9 

,JUAN ,GIL 

,FRANCISCO ,F]RONI 

,SALVADOR ,M>CET 

,LUIS ,PLAZA 

,TOMAS ,H]R]OS 

,M>T9 ,VILANOVA 

,COMRADE ,F>RE 7,T>RASA7 REQUE/S ! FLOOR TO SPEAK AGA9/ ! MOTION4 

,DEBATE OP5S OV] ! TOPIC4 ,V>I\S COMRADES P>TICIPATE4 ,AFT] LONG DEBATE1 ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE'S MOTION C>RIES4 

,9 VIEW ( ! LATE TIME1 ! EV5+ SESSION'S (FIC]S >E APPO9T$4 ,COMRADES ,BELIS AS PRESID5T & ,F]R]1 ,M>CET1 ,VIDAL1 & ,ROVIRA AS SECRET>IES4 

,! SESSION ADJ\RNS AT #f3#d#e4 

,FIF? ,SESSION 

,?IS SESSION BEG9S AT #i3#c AT NI<T UND] ! *AIRMAN%IP ( COMRADE ,BELIS 7,BADALONA74 ,FILL+ ! SECRET>Y POSITIONS >E COMRADES ,F>RES 7,B>CELONA ,C>TWRI<TS71 ,M>CET 7,SABADELL ,METAL ,WORK]S71 ,ROVIRA1 & ,VIDAL4 

,! PRESID5T IMPLORES ! DELEGATES TO C>RY \T !IR WORK AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE1 SO ?AT ,CONGRESS MAY DECIDE ON ALL TOPICS PRES5T$4 ,IMM$IATELY AFT]1 A FELL[ SECRET>Y READS ! EI<? TOPIC'S MOTION4 

 #h?4 ,! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK+ CLASSES MU/ BE CONQU]$ BY ! WORK+ CLASSES !MSELVES4 ,:AT IS ! S+LE1 TRU?FUL 9T]PRETATION ?AT %\LD BE GIV5 TO ?IS PHRASE8 

#h?4 ,! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK+ CLASSES MU/ BE CONQU]$ BY ! WORK+ CLASSES !MSELVES4 ,:AT IS ! S+LE1 TRU?FUL 9T]PRETATION ?AT %\LD BE GIV5 TO ?IS PHRASE8 

,AS A DUTY1 AS A MATT] ( VITAL IMPORTANCE1 AS A PHILOSOPHY1 AS A CONCEPTION CLE> & FIX$ = ! FUTURE1 ! GR& ,9T]NATIONAL DEF9ITIVELY PROCLAIM$ & REAFFIRM$ ?AT 0! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK+ CLASSES MU/ BE CONQU]$ BY ! WORK+ CLASSES !MSELVES0 & BY NO ONE ELSE4 

,BE+ A SELF-EVID5T TRU?1 V]IFICATION ( ?IS WILL NOT BE NECESS>Y BECAUSE TRU?S DO NOT REQUIRE PRO( :5 !IR SUPPORT+ /R5G? SPR+S FROM !IR [N PR9CIPLE4 

,?AT ,9T]NATIONAL ( PLEASANT MEMORY & GLORI\S LIFE WAS BO? A FECUND SE$ & A S\RCE ( IRRIGATION4 ,IT PLOTT$ A NEW WORLD & PROVID$ IDEAS1 LI<T = 5TIRE G5]ATIONS4 

,IT HAS 9 ITS ESS5CE ! MO/ M]ITORI\S VIRTUE & PRAISEWOR?Y PRIDE ON ACC\NT ( ITS ILLU/RI\S M5'S NOBLE S9C]ITY1 :O EV5 ?\< !Y W]E NOT MANUAL WORK]S HAD ! FRANKNESS TO TELL WORK]S ( ! 5TIRE WORLD ?AT !IR EMANCIPATION W\LD NOT COME TO !M )\T !IR [N1 P]SONAL EF=TS4 

,NO MORE DELUSIONS6 ,NO MORE TUTELAGE6 

,VIOL5TLY REPRESS$ UNTIL N[1 LET ! TRU? ]UPT 9 EV]YONE'S M9DS6 

,LET IT BE KN[N ONCE & = ALL ?AT WORK]S %\LD NOT EXPECT ANY?+ FROM ANYONE BUT !MSELVES6 

,! S9C]ITY ( ! DECL>ATIONS & PROCE$+S ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL'S GR& FIGURES RESULT$ 9 A TRUE P>ADOX4 ,?IS IS :Y IT IS %OCK+ ?AT !RE W]E PEOPLE :O ADOPT$ ! PR9CIPLE ?AT WORK]S MU/ RELY ONLY ON !MSELVES1 & :O KNEW BE=EH& ?AT !IR EMANCIPATION %\LD NOT WAIT UPON SOMEONE ELSE'S WILL1 BUT 9/EAD ON !IR [N P]SONAL1 COLLECTIVE EF=TS4 

,?\< !RE >E MANY :O >E CAPABLE ( FEEL+ ! WORK+ CLASS' CAUSE AS !IR [N & :O DO AS MU* = WORK]S AS = !MSELVES1 IT IS NOT POSSIBLE ?AT ?OSE NOT BELONG+ TO ! WORK+ CLASS CAN HAVE A DEEP 9T]E/ = ! EMANCIPATION ( WAGE WORK]S4 ,?IS IS NOT ALL4 

,IT IS POSSIBLE ?AT !RE >E ?OSE :O LONG TO ELIM9ATE DURESS & MIS]Y FROM ! WORLD4 ,BUT IT IS A LIE ?AT !RE >E ?OSE :O 9T5D TO EMANCIPATE WORK]S :5 !Y PRES5T !MSELVES AS !IR PROTECTORS & PROCURATORS4 

,! ,9T]NATIONAL PUT WORK]S ON GU>D AGA9/ ?IS TUTELAGE :5 !Y TOLD !M ?AT !IR EMANCIPATION HAD TO BE !IR [N EF=T BECAUSE1 9 FACT1 9 ORD] TO EMANCIPATE !MSELVES IT IS NECESS>Y1 9DISP5SABLE1 TO BE EMANCIPAT$ FROM EV]Y PROTECTOR OR PROCURATOR4 

,!Y PUT WORK]S ON GU>D :5 !Y TOLD !M ?AT TUTELAGE & EMANCIPATION >E 9COMPATIBLE BECAUSE AS LONG AS ONE IS NOT EMANCIPAT$ FROM ! PROTECTOR1 !Y >E SUBJECT$ TO ?OSE :O COMM& & DOM9ATE !M1 ?OSE :O CAN DECEIVE & EXPLOIT !M4 

,EMANCIPATION IS ! IMM$IATE RESULT ( MORAL EMANCIPATION1 & ?OSE :O CONT9UE TO BE ANO!R'S MORAL SLAVE WILL NOT REA* ! =M]4 ,!Y :O DO NOT ?9K = !MSELVES1 :O DO NOT WORK VOLUNT>ILY 9 ACCORDANCE ) !IR P[] ( REASON & !IR [N DIRECT EF=TS >E SLAVES4 

,! M5 ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL W]E RI<T BY W>N+ WORK]S ?AT !IR EMANCIPATION HAD TO BE !IR [N EF=T4 ,REALITY PROVES ?IS4 

,DESPITE ! SPREAD ( ?IS AXIOM & :AT IS KN[N 9 ! :OLE WORLD1 !RE >E /ILL ?\S&S & ?\S&S ( WORK]S :O 5TRU/ !IR EMANCIPATION TO O!RS1 WORK]S OR NOT1 US+ 9DIRECT MEANS 9/EAD ( ! DIRECT MEANS ?AT >E EXPLICITLY 9DICAT$ 9 ! PHRASE ?AT S]VES AS ! HEAD+ ( ?IS MOTION4 

,! WORK+ CLASSES >E NOT EMANCIPAT+ !MSELVES :5 !Y PUT O!RS 9 *>GE ( !IR EMANCIPATION4 

,EMANCIPATION IS NOT POSSIBLE = ?OSE :O >E SUBJECT$ TO O!RS' GOOD OR BAD 9T5TIONS1 TO ! CORRECT OR RIDICUL\S ACTS ( O!RS1 TO ! LAZY OR ACTIVE WILL ( O!RS1 TO ! PROP]TY ( O!RS1 PRIVATE OR NOT4 

,! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK+ CLASSES MU/ BE CONQU]$ BY ! WORK+ CLASSES !MSELVES4 

,& WE UNITE ) ,F>GA ,PELLIC] 0?AT ?IS /ATEM5T IS F\ND$ 9 ! FACT ?AT !RE IS NOT ANY SOCIAL 9/ITUTION OR SOCIAL CLASS ?AT IS CONC]N$ ) ! WORK+ CLASSES10 ALL ( :I* ET]NALIZE \R SLAV]Y ?R\< MONOPOLY & EXPLOITATION4 

,( C\RSE1 AS Y\ PROBABLY ALREADY KN[1 NOBODY CAN BE 9T]E/$ 9 WORK+-CLASS EMANCIPATION EXCEPT WORK]S4 ,?IS IS BECAUSE ! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK+ CLASSES IS ( AN ECONOMIC *>ACT] & =CEFULLY ATTA9S & 9EVITABLY DEMOLI%ES ALL PRIVILEGE--ALL ! ADVANTAGES ?AT NON-WORK]S 5JOY 9 ! PRES5T SOCIAL SY/EM4 

,:5 SAY+ ?IS IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO =GET ?AT ! MAJORITY ( WORK]S CALL$ 09TELLECTUALS0 SUFF] POV]TY LIKE MANUAL WORK]S4 ,POLITICIANS >E RECRUIT$ AMONG !M1 P>ASITES ( EV]Y K9D ?AT CLIMB TO PRIVILEG$ POSITIONS4 ,BECAUSE ( ?IS PRIVILEGE1 9 G5]AL !Y DO NOT T5D TO ! SY/EM'S DE/RUCTION4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 !Y CONSOLIDATE IT & EV5 TRY TO TAKE ADVANTAGE ( MANUAL WORK]S 9 ?OSE EXALT$ POSITIONS ?AT PROVIDE A M]RY & PLEASANT LIFE = !M4 

,R>E IS ! MANUAL WORK] :OM WAGE WORK EMANCIPATES 9 ! CURR5T SY/EM4 

,!RE >E WORK]S :O MOVE FROM BE+ EXPLOIT$ TO EXPLOIT]S1 FROM MANUAL TO 9TELLECTUAL WORK]S1 &1 CONSEQU5TLY1 TO BE+ ! PRIVILEG$1 ! POLITICIANS1 ! S]VANTS1 ! SUPPORT]S ( ! PRES5T SOCIAL-POLITICAL SY/EM4 ,BECAUSE ( ?IS IT CAN BE SAID 9 G5]AL ?AT ONLY MANUAL WORK]S >E TRULY 9T]E/$ 9 ! ABOLITION ( ALL PRIVILEGES1 ALL EXPLOITATION1 & EV]Y =M ( OPPRESSION4 

,SOME 9TELLECTUAL WORK]S SUB/ITUTE ! IDEALISM ( ! DI/+UI%$ 9DIVIDUAL ) COLLECTIVE EMANCIPATION4 ,!SE WORK]S CAN NATURALLY FALL 9TO ! RANKS ( MANUAL WORK]S1 CONTRIBUT+ TO ! WORK+ CLASS' MORAL EMANCIPATION ) !IR 9TELLECTUAL HELP4 ,BUT !Y MU/ ALWAYS HAVE ! UND]/&+ ?AT ! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK+ CLASSES MU/ BE CONQU]$ BY ! WORK+ CLASSES !MSELVES4 ,WE DO NOT NE$ !M TO APPE> AMONG US AS \R EMANCIPATORS NOR MU/ WE 5TRU/ \R EMANCIPATION TO !M1 :I* WE MU/ CONQU] \RSELVES4 

,! ECONOMIC EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK+ CLASS IS SOME?+ ?AT NO ONE TOOK 9TO ACC\NT UNTIL ! ,9T]NATIONAL BRAVELY PROCLAIM$ IT4 

,WORK]S HAVE BE5 ABLE TO DIM9I% ! P[] ( FEUDAL LORDS TO /R5G!N ROYALTY4 ,!Y HAVE BE5 ABLE TO R$UCE ROYAL P[] TO ! MIDDLE CLASSES' B5EFIT4 ,!Y HAVE BE5 ABLE TO ATTA9 ! REPUBLIC BY ABOLI%+ ! MON>*ICAL AU?ORITY4 

,WORK]S HAVE BE5 ! BODY & /R5G? RESOLV+ !SE CONFLICTS4 ,BUT 9 ALL ( !SE *ANGES ! ECONOMIC SITUATION ( WORK]S HAS /ILL CONT9U$ TO BE ! SAME3 EXPLOIT$ YE/]DAY1 EXPLOIT$ TODAY1 EXPLOIT$ ALWAYS4 

,?IS DOES NOT D5Y ! MORAL & 9TELLECTUAL PROGRESS ?AT !SE POLITICAL *ANGES HAVE OCCASION$ = WORK]S4 ,!IR EF=TS TO B5EFIT O!R CLASSES HAVE BETT]$ !IR CONDITION1 PLAC+ !M 9 A HUMAN CONTEXT1 9 A SITUATION TO BE ABLE TO LONG = !IR ECONOMIC EMANCIPATION1 :I* WAS SOME?+ ?AT REMA9$ VAGUE1 SOME?+ ?AT HAS BE5 CONFUS$ AT ALL TIMES ) FIX$ POLITICAL FRE$OMS1 :I* EV5 CONFUSES PL5TY TODAY4 

,& AL?\< !RE W]E REVOLTS ( AN ECONOMIC *>ACT] 9 ALL EPO*S ) ! PURPOSE ( IMPLANT+ A COMMUNI/ LIFE SY/EM1 ?OSE DESIGNS G5]ALLY HAD AU?ORIT>IAN T5D5CIES )9 ! REBELS !MSELVES--!IR REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZATION HAV+ COMM&]S & LEAD]S4 

,WORK+-CLASS EMANCIPATION IS NOT POSSIBLE AS LONG AS WORK]S HAVE AN EMANCIPATOR1 A LEAD]1 BECAUSE EV5 9 ! CASE ( MANAG+ TO DEFEAT ! SY/EM'S DEF5D]S1 ANO!R SY/EM ( PRIVILEGE W\LD BE E/ABLI%$ 9 :I* ! EMANCIPATORS1 ! LEAD]S1 W\LD 5D UP BECOM+ ! NEW PRIVILEG$4 

,IF IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO ABOLI% PRIVILEGE ) BODIES 9 :I* PRIVILEGE EXI/S1 IT IS BECAUSE EMANCIPATION IS NOT POSSIBLE UNLESS IT IS CONQU]$ BY ! WORK+ CLASSES !MSELVES4 

,! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK+ CLASSES MU/ BE CONQU]$ BY ! WORK+ CLASSES !MSELVES4 ,LET US WAGE WORK]S BE> ?IS 9 M9D AT EV]Y MOM5T4 

,T4 ,H]R]OS 

,J4 ,GIL 

,F4 ,F]RONI 

,M4 ,VILANOVA 

,A4 ,M>T9 

,J4 ,PLAZA 

,M4 ,M>CET 

,DEBATE OP5S4 

,COMRADE ,CANTO 7,ALCOY ,WEAV]S7 HAS ! FLOOR4 ,HE SAYS ?AT ! WAY HE SEES IT1 N[ADAYS 9TELLECTUAL WORK]S >E MORE EXPLOIT$ ?AN AGRICULTURAL OR WORK%OP WORK]S4 

,COMRADE ,H]R]OS DEF5DS SAID MOTION AS A ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE MEMB]1 FURNI%+ REASONS ) SAID AIM 9 M9D4 ,HE SAYS ?AT MANY ( ?OSE :O >E TODAY CALL$ 9TELLECTUAL WORK]S 5GAGE 9 WORK ?AT IS NEGATIVE & TOTALLY OPPOS$ TO MANUAL WORK]S4 ,AS AN EXAMPLE HE REF]S TO ! H>MFUL 9T]V5TION ( 9TELLECTUAL WORK] ELEM5TS DUR+ ! ,BILBAO /RIKE4 

,COMRADE ,GRANA REQUE/S ?AT ! ASSEMBLY AGREE TO 9CREASE ! NUMB] ( PEOPLE ALL[$ TO TAKE ! FLOOR S9CE ! NUMB] ( PEOPLE WANT+ TO TAKE ! FLOOR IS GREAT] ?AN ! TURNS ALL[$ BY ! RULES4 

,DURAN BELIEVES ?AT ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE'S MOTION %\LD BE REJECT$ )\T DEBATE = ! F$]ATION'S GOOD NAME BECAUSE HE ?9KS ?AT ! HONOR>Y TITLE ( WORK] CANNOT BE GIV5 ONLY TO MANUAL WORK]S4 ,BECAUSE SO MANY ( !M >E EXPLOIT$ AS 9TELLECTUAL WORK]S >E NEI!R DIVISIONS NOR CATEGORIES %\LD NOT EXI/ BETWE5 WAGE WORK]S4 ,FUR!RMORE1 HE SAYS WE %\LD TAKE 9TO ACC\NT ?AT ! ,G5]AL ,WORK]S' ,UNION HAS A UNION ( RATIONALI/ PR(ESSORS :O C>RY \T FRUITFUL LABOR = ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,IF ! LABOR ( 9TELLECTUAL WORK]S IS REALLY NEGATIVE AS ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE SAYS1 ! CON/RUCTION ( B>RACKS & *UR*ES1 :I* MANUAL WORK]S CREATE1 IS NOT AN EXCEPTION1 ACCORD+ TO ITS OP9ION4 ,?IS IS :Y HE ?9KS ,CONGRESS %\LD REJECT ! MOTION4 

,F]R] SAYS1 0,I WILL NOT DEF9E ! WORD WORK] BECAUSE ! MOTION HAS PROP]LY DONE SO1 & ,I ?9K AS ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE DOES ?AT WE %\LD P]CEIVE WORK]S AS ?OSE :OSE LABOR IS PRODUCTIVE40 

,LLADO 7,SABADELL ,F$]ATION7 SAYS ?AT IF ONE DOES NOT E>N A WAGE1 ?AT IS 5\< = AN 9DIVIDUAL TO NOT BE CONSID]$ A WORK]4 ,EV5 IF !Y DO POSITIVE WORK3 !Y DO NOT E>N A WAGE FROM ANY CAPITALI/2 !Y >E NOT A WORK]4 

,COMRADE ,NEGRE TAKES ! FLOOR 9 SUPPORT ( ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE4 ,HE SAYS ?AT 9TELLECTUAL WORK]S CAN BE CONSID]$ WORK]S1 BUT ?AT !Y MU/ ALWAYS BE ON ! M>G9S ( UNIONS & NOT )9 ! SAME ONES4 ,ALSO1 BECAUSE MANUAL & 9TELLECTUAL WORK]S HAVE UNEQUAL 9T]E/S1 !Y CANNOT ORGANIZE TOGE!R4 ,)\T REJECT+ !M WE CAN MAKE ! MO/ ( !IR 9TELLECTUAL QUALITIES1 EXTRACT+ :AT CAN BE ADVANTAGE\S = US1 BUT ALWAYS REJECT+ !IR 9T]F]5CE 9 \R AFFAIRS4 

,V>I\S COMRADES MAKE OBS]VATIONS DUR+ DEBATE4 

,! FLOOR IS GRANT$ TO COMRADE ,CANTO 7,ALCOY ,WEAV]S74 ,HE SAYS FUNCTION>IES ( CAPITALI/ 9/ITUTIONS CANNOT BE CONSID]$ WORK]S4 ,BUT ?OSE :O WORK = ! WORK+ CLASS' 9TELLECTUAL IMPROVEM5T FROM !IR DESK1 LIBR>Y1 OR !IR /UDY ROOM CAN BE CONSID]$ WORK]S4 

,COMRADE ,H]R]OS CONFIRMS SUPPORT = ! MOTION4 ,HE SAYS ?AT AL?\< !RE >E 9TELLECTUAL WORK]S CONC]N$ = WORK]S1 AS SOON AS !Y RISE TO A HI<] POSITION !Y /OP L5D+ !M ASSI/ANCE4 ,CORRECT+ COMRADE ,DURAN1 COMRADE ,H]R]OS SAYS ?AT MANUAL WORK]S CAN BE CONSID]$ UNCONSCI\S 9/RUM5TS ( CAPITALI/S1 BUT NOT ?OSE :O LIVE ON A WAGE ?AT DOES NOT PRODUCE ANY?+ PRODUCTIVE = PROLET>IAN HUMANITY4 

,SOME COMRADES MOVE AN AM5DM5T4 ,! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE ACCEPTS IT AS ! MOTION'S CONCLUSION4 

,VOT+ TAKES PLACE4 ,! MOTION C>RIES UNANIM\SLY ) AN EXPLANATION BY COMRADE ,AVILA4 

,AFT] ?IS ! FOLL[+ MOTION C>RIES 9 SUB/ITUTION ( ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE'S MOTION3 

,CONGRESS DECL>ES ?AT ! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK+ CLASSES MU/ BE CONQU]$ BY ! WORK+ CLASSES !MSELVES4 ,!RE=E1 IT RECOGNIZES ?AT ! UNIONS ?AT MAKE UP ! NATIONAL F$]ATION CAN ONLY BE CON/ITUT$ BY WORK]S :O E>N !IR DAILY WAGES 9 ! COMPANIES OR 9DU/RIES ?AT CAPITALI/S OR ! ,/ATE EXPLOIT4 ,NEV]!LESS1 AS ! EXPLANATION GIV5 PREVI\SLY1 ?OSE WORK]S :OSE WORK CAN DIRECTLY H>M UNION ORGANIZATION %\LD BE CONSID]$ EXEMPT FROM ?IS CLASSIFICATION4 

,P4 ,SI]RA ,ALV>EZ 

,J4 ,NAV>RO 

,E4 ,COROM9AS 

,R4 ,CIURO 

,! #a#b? TOPIC & ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE'S MOTION >E IMM$IATELY MOV$ ONTO & READ4 

 #a#b? ,TOPIC4 ,! ME?OD ( ATTA9+ PRICE R$UCTIONS 9 H\S+ & SUPPRESS+ ODI\S DEPOSITS4 

,! MOTION IS AS FOLL[S3 

,?IS F$]ATION AGRE$ 9 ITS PREVI\S CONGRESS TO ADOPT DIRECT ACTION AS ! MORE EFFECTIVE MEANS ( /RUGGLE1 & IT AGRE$ TO CREATE RESI/ANCE ORGANIZATIONS AGA9/ LEASES4 

,IT AGRE$ ?AT IT C\LD NOT C>RY ?IS \T BECAUSE AT ! MOM5T ( PUTT+ IT 9TO PRACTICE HUMAN WEAKNESS & REASONS BEYOND ITS CONTROL CAUS$ ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A TO /OP ITS IMPLEM5TATION4 

,CONSID]+ ?AT ! PRIVILEGE ( PRIVATE PROP]TY IS BAS$ ON =CE1 CONSID]+ ?AT ONLY A FEAT ( ! ORGANIZ$ WORK+ CLASSES CAN DEFEAT CAPITALI/ ECONOMIC =CE1 ,CONGRESS DECL>ES ! URG5T NECESSITY ( US+ WORK+-CLASS DIRECT ACTION AGA9/ CAPITALI/ ECONOMIC =CE 9 ! =M ( BOYCOTT AGA9/ L&LORDS :O REFUSE TO ABOLI% DEPOSITS 9 !IR LEAS+ CONTRACTS4 

,& TO ?IS EFFECT1 ,CONGRESS RECOMM5DS AN 5]GETIC CAMPAIGN 9 UNION NEWSPAP]S = ! PURPOSE ( 5GAG+ ! G5]AL PUBLIC 9 ?IS QUE/ION & CREAT+ A VIGOR\S PUBLIC OP9ION1 SO ?AT L&LORDS >E OBLIG$ TO R$UCE LEASES1 ALL[+ ! 5TIRE ORGANIZ$ WORK+ CLASS TO SY/EMATICALLY D5Y PAYM5T ( ! ABOVE-M5TION$ LEASES BY MEANS ( ! G5]AL T5ANTS' /RIKE 9 ! EXTREME CASE & AS A F9AL RESORT4 

,LUIS ,PLAZA 

,JUAN ,GIL 

,T4 ,H]R]OS 

,FRANCISCO ,F]RAN 

,ANGEL ,M>T9 

,SALVADOR ,M>CET 

,M>TI ,VILANOVA 

,! MOTION C>RIES ) ! FOLL[+ ADDITION FROM COMRADE ,SALUD1 

,TO =M LEASE RESI/ANCE ORGANIZATIONS 9 ALL PROV9CES ?AT BELIEVE !M TO BE APPROPRIATE4 ,!SE ORGANIZATIONS %\LD HAVE AN >TICLE 9 !IR /ATUTES ?AT OBLIGE ALL MEMB]S TO BELONG TO !IR AMALGAMAT$ TRADES UNION4 

,! SESSION IS SUSP5D$ = A FEW M9UTES TO ALL[ ! ,FIF? ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE TO OCCUPY !IR PO/4 ,AFT] ?IS IS DONE ! FOLL[+ IS READ1 

 #bND ,TOPIC4 ,! ME?OD ( OBTA9+ ! EI<T-H\R WORKDAY & ! M9IMUM WAGE4 

,MOTION3 

,IT IS DIFFICULT = ?IS ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE TO SPECIFY ! MEANS TO ATTA9 A R$UCTION TO EI<T H\RS :5 SO1 SO MANY WORK]S LABOR EV5 T5 & TWELVE H\RS4 

,?IS CONGRESS' NATIONAL *>ACT] IMPLIES ?AT ! MOTIONS WILL HAVE ! SAME EXPANSIVE *>ACT]4 ,MORE CLE>LY1 :AT MAKES \R WORK H>D] IS ?AT AGREEM5TS APPROV$ H]E WILL AFFECT & FAVOR ALL WORK]S RESID+ 9 ,SPA9 & \R CURR5T CIRCUM/ANCES MU/ FAVOR US 9 ! FUTURE 9 \R FUTURE /RUGGLES4 

,= EXAMPLE1 H[ DO ! FOLL[+ EMPLOY ! SAME ME?OD8 ,TRADES ?AT TODAY WORK N9E H\RS & WORK]S FROM ! C\NTRYSIDE--?OSE MIS]ABLE1 MOD]N SLAVES :O1 BE=E ! SUN APPE>S1 SORR[FULLY TRAVEL ) !IR HE>TS WEI<+ HEAVILY ON !IR %\LD]1 ) :I* !Y TRANS=M MO!R E>? TO MAKE H] PRODUCE ?OSE DELICI\S & NE$$ FRUITS ?AT !Y !MSELVES DO NOT HAVE TO CONSUME AFT]W>DS4 

,DIFF]5T *>ACT]I/ICS1 ! PEOPLE'S DI/9CT CU/OMS REQUIRE WORK]S TO WORK & /RUGGLE 9 DIFF]5T WAYS & 9 DIFF]5T CONDITIONS4 

,!RE=E1 ?IS ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE BELIEVES ?AT ! MO/ FEASIBLE ME?OD TO OBTA9 ! EI<T-H\R WORKDAY IS TO TRY TO UND]TAKE AN ACTIVE & 5]GETIC CAMPAIGN 9 FAVOR ( SAID WORKDAY UNTIL WORK]S >E CONV9C$ ( ITS B5EFITS4 

,) RESPECT TO ! M9IMUM DAY'S WAGE1 ?IS ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE ?9KS ?AT ,CONGRESS %\LD NOT MAKE AN AGREEM5T OV] A P>TICUL> ONE BECAUSE ! SOCIAL /RUCTURE HAS A MA*9]Y SO COMPLEX ?AT WAGE 9CREASES W\LD RESOLVE NO?+4 ,PRODUCT PRICES W\LD 9CREASE EV]Y DAY4 ,! M9IMUM DAY'S WAGE AGRE$ UPON H]E W\LD RESULT 9 \R 9ABILITY TO COV] \R NE$S SOON AFT]4 

,FUR!RMORE1 ?IS ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE BELIEVES ?AT A*IEV+ ! WORKDAY'S R$UCTION1 :I* W\LD IMPLY AN 9CREASE 9 WORK+ H&S1 IS ! BE/ MEANS = WORK]S !MSELVES TO NOT WORK = A PRICE LESS ?AN :AT IS NECESS>Y = !IR WELL-BE+4 

,IT IS RECOMM5D$ ?AT ALL WORK]S' UNIONS ADVOCATE ! CAUSE ( ! EI<T-H\R WORK DAY 9 :ATEV] ACTIVITIES !Y ASSEMBLE = 9 ORD] TO CONV9CE ! EXPLOIT$ ! USEFULNESS ( ! EI<T-H\R WORKDAY BY BE>+ 9 M9D ?AT ! R$UCTION ( ! WORKDAY MU/ BE ! BEG9N+ ( \R EMANCIPATION4 

,ONCE WORK]S 9 DIFF]5T REGIONS BELIEVE !Y HAVE ! CAPACITY TO 9TRODUCE SU* A RE=M1 !Y WILL DECL>E ?R\< ! CONF$]ATION ! CONQUE/ ( ! EI<T-H\R WORKDAY1 :I* ALL WORK]S MU/ CONTRIBUTE TO4 

,) RESPECT TO ! M9IMUM WAGE1 AS WE HAVE SAID BE=E1 ?IS ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE BELIEVES ?IS CONGRESS %\LD NOT LEGISLATE OV] IT BECAUSE ( ! BELIEF ?AT NO?+ W\LD RESOLVE IT1 GIV5 ! DIFF]5T CONDITIONS 9 :I* DIFF]5T REGIONS PRODUCE & CONSUME4 

,J4 ,BUESO 

,D4 ,S]RA 

,J4 ,JAUM> 

,J4 ,B5NET 

,R4 ,CANTO 

,R4 ,CO/A 

,?IS MOTION C>RIES UNANIM\SLY4 ,! FOLL[+ IS READ1 

 #g? ,TOPIC4 ,9 ORD] ?AT ! G5]AL /RIKE'S IMPACT FURNI%ES ! EFFECTIVE DEF5SE ( ! PROLET>IAT1 CAN IT BE PEACEFUL OR MU/ IT BE ESS5TIALLY REVOLUTION>Y8 ,9 ANY CASE1 :AT =M DOES ,CONGRESS BELIEVE ! G5]AL /RIKE %\LD BE US$ = ITS DEF9ITE SUCCESS8 

,MOTION3 

,?IS IS AN >DU\S1 =MIDABLE1 & PRESS+ PROBLEM4 ,UPON C>RY+ \T A /UDY AS SCRUPUL\S AS POSSIBLE )9 A RELATIVELY %ORT SPACE ( TIME = DECID+1 ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE ?AT SIGNS ?IS DOCUM5T MU/ DECL>E OP5LY1 BRUTALLY1 EV5 IF ! EXPRESSION IS H>%3 ! G5]AL /RIKE MU/ BE ESS5TIALLY REVOLUTION>Y4 ,:Y8 ,= ! FOLL[+ REASONS4 

,:5 WORK]S DECIDE AT A MOM5T'S NOTICE TO CROSS !IR >MS 9 REFUSAL TO WORK ! G5]AL /RIKE BR+S AB\T A DISORD] SO GREAT )9 ! C\RSE ( PRES5T SOCIETY--DIVID$ BETWE5 EXPLOIT$ & EXPLOIT]S--A DISORD] ?AT MU/ UNAVOIDABLY G5]ATE AN EXPLOSION1 A CLA% BETWE5 ! ANTAGONI/IC =CES ?AT TODAY /RUGGLE = SURVIVAL4 

,!RE=E1 JU/ AS ! E>? W\LD CLA% ) ANY T> IF IT CEASES TO SP9 ON ITS AXIS1 WE1 UPON CEAS+ TO WORK1 CLA% ) ALL ?OSE :O DO NOT WANT US LEAVE ! IRON CAGE ?AT WE >E PUT 94 

,! PACIFI/ G5]AL /RIKE CANNOT POSSIBLY 5DURE4 ,WE ?9K AB\T :AT W\LD HAPP5 9 A PROLET>IAN H\SEHOLD 9 A FEW DAYS1 P]HAPS ! DAY FOLL[+ ! /RIKE1 IF ! LIMIT$ FOOD PROVISIONS !Y C\NT ON RAN \T4 

,?AT WORK] W\LD FL+ !MSELF TO F9D ?OSE PROVISIONS \TSIDE ! HOME4 ,!Y W\LD COMB9E ) O!RS :O W]E 9 ! SAME SITUATION4 ,& BECAUSE NO?+ IS BE+ PRODUC$ AT ! TIME & BECAUSE M>KET V5DORS W\LD BE IDLE AS WELL1 !RE W\LD NOT BE A PLACE TO ACQUIRE !M LEGALLY1 9 ! FAVORABLE CASE ( !M HAV+ FUNDS PROVID$4 ,!Y W\LD HAVE TO BE DIRECT$ TO ?OSE BIG HO>D+ SITES1 TO ?OSE BIG W>EH\SES CRAMM$ ) GOODS ?AT SOMETIMES ROT4 

,MEAN:ILE ?OSE DEPRIV$ FALL WEAKLY FROM =BE>ANCE4 ,BUT BECAUSE ?OSE W>EH\SES >E PRIVATE PROP]TY1 >M$ PUBLIC =CES >E OBLIGAT$ )9 ! PRES5T /ATE-(-?+S TO DEF5D !M4 ,?AT W\LD CON/ITUTE ONE ( ! MANY COLLISIONS ?AT ACCOMPANY A G5]AL /RIKE4 

,! G5]AL /RIKE MU/ BE REVOLUTION>Y BECAUSE ! ORD] KEEP]S1 9 ORD] TO GU>D ! SY/EM1 DO NOT KN[ OR PRACTICE O!R MEANS ?AN P]SECUT+ & 9C>C]AT+ ! MO/ ACTIVE ( US--WE :OSE PR9CIPLES LEAD US D[N ! PA? ( /RUGGLE4 

,! RE/ ( US WORK]S MU/ PROTE/ ! PRACTICE ( !SE ME?ODS4 ,& ?IS PROTE/ MU/ BE VIOL5T4 ,IF WE DO NOT /RUGGLE1 \R TYRANTS W\LD SACRIFICE NEW VICTIMS4 

,WE C\LD FURNI% ANO!R ?\S& >GUM5TS 9 FAVOR ( ! REVOLUTION>Y *>ACT] ( A G5]AL /RIKE1 BUT BECAUSE WE BELIEVE ?AT !Y WILL BE LAID BE=E ,CONGRESS' CONSID]ATION DUR+ DEBATE ( ! PRES5T MOTION1 WE LEAVE DEBATE TO ,CONGRESS4 

,! REVOLUTION>Y G5]AL /RIKE BE+ NECESS>Y1 :5 MU/ IT BE C>RI$ \T TO BE COMPLETELY SUCCESSFUL8 ,H]E LIES ! PROBLEM4 

,UNTIL N[ ! ABOVE WEAPON HAS BE5 US$ V>I\S TIMES4 ,BUT WE DECL>E ?AT IT IS A WEAPON SO GREAT1 ) RESULTS ?AT >E SO CONTRADICTORY IF NOT EMPLOY$ )\T PROP] KN[L$GE1 ?AT IT CAN POSSIBLY CAUSE \R [N MORAL DEGRADATION4 ,& SO ?AT ?IS DOES NOT HAPP51 ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE BELIEVES3 

,A G5]AL /RIKE %\LD NOT BE DECL>$ TO A*IEVE A LITTLE 9CREASE 9 A DAY'S WAGE OR A R$UCTION 9 ! WORK DAY1 BUT TO ATTA9 A TOTAL TRANS=MATION 9 ! MODE ( PRODUCTION & PRODUCT DI/RIBUTION4 

,A /RONG CONNECTION BETWE5 ALL WORK]S IS NECESS>Y1 NOT ( ONE REGION BUT ( ! DIFF]5T REGIONS ?AT MAKE UP ! ,SPANI% NATION1 SO ?AT ! /RIKE IS G5]AL 9 ! TRUE/ S5SE ( ! WORD1 P]HAPS 9 A UNIQUE S5SE3 :5 ALL WAGE E>N]S ( ! SAME C\NTRY CEASE PRODUC+ 9 UNISON4 ,9DE$1 :5 WE WORK]S COLLABORATE WELL ) ONE ANO!R ?IS WILL FACILITATE ! UNIV]SAL G5]AL /RIKE1 :I* WILL BE ! DAY :5 ! LI<T ( JU/ICE BEG9S TO %9E4 

,NEV]!LESS1 ?IS DOES NOT EXI/ AT ! MOM5T4 

,FOCUS+ ON ,SPA91 EXP]I5CE HAS TAU<T US ?AT A GOOD G5]AL /RIKE 9 A S+LE LOCALITY DOES NOT CAUSE GREAT H>M BECAUSE IT %[S US \R SPIRIT ( /RUGGLE & \R DESIRES = EMANCIPATION1 :I* IS1 AS A CAPITALI/ SAID1 0A BANG ?AT WE >E MAK+ AT ! CAPITALI/S' DOOR044 

,ON ! O!R H&1 WE HAVE TO CONFESS ?AT :5 ! G5]AL /RIKE IS LOCALIZ$ 9 AN >EA & ! RE/ ( ! NATION'S WORK]S >E COMPLETELY PASSIVE1 >M$ PUBLIC =CES 9 S]VICE ( ! CAPITALI/S WILL GA!R 9 ?AT >EA1 MAK+ IT RELATIVELY EASY = GOV]NM5TS TO CRU% REBELLION4 

,= ITS COMPLETE SUCCESS1 WE !RE=E BELIEVE ?AT ! G5]AL /RIKE %\LD BE PUT 9TO PRACTICE :5 WORK]S :O >E F$]AT$ 9 ! NATIONAL CONF$]ATION HAVE ! CAPACITY TO SUCCESSFULLY CONCLUDE RE=MS ( ! BAD CONDITIONS WE WORK 9 TODAY4 

,NEV]!LESS1 G5]AL /RIKES CAN BE DECL>$ & WAG$ 9 CASES :]E CAPITALI/ OR GOV]NM5TAL SELFI%NESS =CES WORK]S TO DECL>E A G5]AL /RIKE 9 A LOCALITY OR REGION4 

,WE BELIEVE ?AT ! LOCAL COMMITTEE MU/ BE 9 *>GE ( RESOLV+ ! /RIKE 9 ?OSE CASES & CONSID]+ IF IT %\LD BE EXT5D$ TO ! NATION4 

,& ONLY 9 SPECIFIC CASES %\LD ,CONGRESS AGREE TO ! G5]AL /RIKE AS A MEANS TO RESOLVE A /RIKE BECAUSE ! PROLET>IAT ONLY LOSES BLOOD & W9S NO?+ 9 CASES ( FI<T+ ADV5TURES4 

,J4 ,BUESO 

,D4 ,S]RA 

,J4 ,JAUM> 

,J4 ,B5ET 

,M4 ,MANE 

,R4 ,CANTO 

,R4 ,CO/A 

,COMRADE ,CA/ILLO 7,B>CELONA ,B>B]S7 ADVOCATES ?AT IT BE AGRE$ ?AT ! G5]AL /RIKE BE US$ :5EV] IT IS CONSID]$ APPROPRIATE )\T SPECIFY+ SAID CIRCUM/ANCES4 

,COMRADE ,BUESO SAYS ?AT ! MOTION HAS ALREADY SAID ?IS4 

,SOME PO9TS >E CL>IFI$4 ,& ! MOTION C>RIES UNANIM\SLY4 

,! READ+ ( ! N9? TOPIC'S MOTION IMM$IATELY PROCE$$4 ,IT READS1 

 #i? ,TOPIC4 ,:5 A F$]AT$ SOCIETY 9 ! MID/ ( /RUGGLE IS ABUS$ BY ! POLICE OR PUBLIC =CES1 :AT ATTITUDE MU/ O!R F$]AT$ SECTIONS ADOPT8 

,MOTION3 

,?IS ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE BELIEVES ?AT ! HEAD+ ( ! TOPIC ?AT IT HAS BE5 5TRU/$ ) %\LD BE MODIFI$ 9 A S5SE TO AT LEA/ 9CLUDE A COMMON NAME = ! POLICE & ALL O!R >M$ BODIES ( ! ,/ATE1 PROV9CE1 OR MUNICIPALITY4 ,AN ESS5TIAL DIFF]5CE BETWE5 SOME & O!RS DOES NOT EXI/4 

,C]TA9 DIPUTACIONES & MUNICIPALITIES1 :OSE ECONOMIC LIFE P]MITS IT1 HAVE CREAT$ PRIVATE BODIES TO PROTECT BY =CE ! 9T]E/S & AU?ORIT>IAN-CAPITALI/ PR9CIPLES !Y REPRES5T4 ,! MUNICIPALITY & ! DIPUTACION RE/ UPON SOCIAL PRIVILEGES ON ACC\NT ( ! LE>N+ 9H]IT$ 9 !IR CAPITALI/ 5VIRONM5T & ! LAWS ?AT GIVE !M LIFE4 ,FUR!RMORE1 BE+ (FICIAL BODIES SUBORD9AT$ TO ! ,/ATE1 !Y F9D !MSELVES TO BE UND] ITS CON/ANT1 9QUISITIVE GAZE4 

,! ,/ATE DOES NOT EV] TOL]ATE ! IMPLEM5TATION ( PROCESSES ?AT >E FREE FROM ! FUNDAM5TAL DOGMAS ( CAPITALI/ SOCIETY1 NAMELY1 

-,PROP]TY1 ! F]TILE S\RCE ( ! PROSP]ITY ( ! FEW & ! S\RCE ( MIS]Y & DEA? = MILLIONS ( HUMANS1 & 

-,AU?ORITY1 ! P[]FUL F\NDATIONAL PR9CIPLE ?AT IS ESS5TIAL = ! P]PETUATION ( SU* A CRUEL REALITY4 

,= !SE REASONS ! MUNICIPALITY & ! DIPUTACION HAVE >M$ =CES TO IMPOSE !IR P[] 9 COMMON AFFAIRS4 ,= MATT]S ( GREAT] IMPORTANCE !Y TURN TO !IR JEAL\S WAT*MAN1 ! ,/ATE1 TO DEM& ! >M$ BODIES IT POSSESSES4 ,?IS IS A PH5OM5ON ( ! 5TIRE NATIONAL T]RITORY4 

,CONSEQU5TLY1 WE CAN ADMIT ?AT ! MISSION ( ALL >M$ ELEM5TS ?AT ! WORLD ( (FICIALS MAKES USE ( IS BASICALLY ! SAME4 ,IF SOME?+ V>IES1 IT V>IES 9 ITS DEGREE ( POT5CY1 9 ITS RADIUS ( ACTION4 ,!Y >E 9CLUD$ 9 A S+LE1 REAL - - - 

,BE=E CONT9U+ ON WE DIRECT \R ATT5TION TO ! EXPRESSION 0PUBLIC =CES0 ?AT APPE>S 9 ?IS TOPIC TO DEMON/RATE ! ]RONE\S WAY IT IS EMPLOY$4 

,ACCORD+ TO ! ,ETYMOLOGICAL ,DICTION>Y ( ! ,CA/ILIAN ,LANGUAGE BY ,ROQUE ,B>CIA & ?AT ( ! ,SPANI% ,ACADEMY1 9 ! PRES5T CASE AS AN ADJECTIVE ! WORD PUBLIC MEANS 0?AT :I* BELONGS TO ALL PEOPLE40 

,N[1 ( :AT IS CONV5TIONALLY CALL$ 0PUBLIC0 BY ?OSE :O PRACTICE IT SO MU* 9 MOD]N DEMOCRACIES--DOES IT REALLY BELONG TO ?OSE :O MAKE UP ANY GIV5 C\NTRY8- ,ACCORD+ TO :AT WE HAVE ALREADY 9DICAT$1 IT IS EVID5T ?AT ! MO/ IMPORTANT ( ITS FUNCTIONS CONSI/S ( IMPOS+ COMPLIANCE ( LAWS ?AT SANCTION SOCIAL 9EQUALITY & PROTECT HUMAN EXPLOITATION4 

,!RE CAN BE1 & !RE IS 9 FACT1 EV5 9 PRES5T PROPRIET>Y SOCIETY1 ?+S ?AT >E TRULY PUBLIC1 = EXAMPLE1 PUBLIC /REET LI<T+1 PUBLIC F\NTA9S1 PUBLIC G>D5S1 ETC41 BECAUSE ABSOLUTELY EV]YONE CAN 5JOY ?AT LI<T1 ?AT WAT]1 & ?OSE >OMAS1 :E!R !Y >E P5NILESS OR A MILLIONAIRE4 

,:5 ?IS SOCIETY'S CAPITALI/ 9TELLECTUAL APOLOGI/S SEE ?AT WE WORK]S REFUSE TO ACCEPT ! LEGITIMACY ( >M$ BODIES ?AT PRES]VE CAPITALI/ SOCIETY !Y EX]T !MSELVES TO CONV9CE US ?AT !SE >M$ BODIES NOT ONLY PROTECT :AT !Y CALL 0! C\NTRY'S ECONOMIC PROSP]ITY10 BUT ?AT !Y >E ALSO ! P]SONAL WAT*M5 ( ALL ! C\NTRY'S *ILDR51 9CLUD+ ! L[LIE/4 

,!IR ASS]TIONS /RONGLY CONTRADICT REALITY4 ,! TOPIC ?AT HAS BE5 PRES5T$ TO ,CONGRESS ?AT WE >E TREAT+ WILL PROP]LY ADDRESS ! TRU?4 ,WE WILL HAVE ! *ANCE TO CLE>LY SEE ! FALS5ESS ( !IR ASS]TIONS4 

,= ! TIME BE+ WE WILL RE/RICT \RSELVES TO RECALL+1 PLA9LY1 ! 9CID5T COV]$ 9 ! 5TIRE GLOBAL PRESS :]E ! ,>G5T9E ,REPUBLIC'S SO-CALL$ 0PUBLIC =CES0 0HELP$0 & 0PROTECT$0 ! RUL]S & ! REPUBLIC'S *ILDR5 :5 !Y NOT SO LONG AGO BURN$ & KILL$ WORK]S' PRIVATE DWELL+S & !IR UNION C5T]S4 

,?AT IS1 !Y C>RI$ \T ONCE MORE BUT ) GREAT] %AMELESSNESS !IR ROLE 9 PROTECT+ ! CAPITALI/ CLASS' 9T]E/S & PR9CIPLES AGA9/ ! PROLET>IAT'S4 

,SAVE ! ]RORS ( ?IS ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE1 :I* IT IS PREP>$ TO CLE> UP IF SU* A ?+ IS %[N TO IT1 IT IS EVID5TLY DEMON/RAT$ ?AT ! PHRASE 0PUBLIC =CES0 IS FALSELY APPLI$ & ?AT ! EXPRESSION 0CAPITALI/ >M$ =CES0 %\LD BE US$ TO REF] TO ALL (FICIAL >M$ BODIES4 

,!ORETICALLY1 RUL]S SUPPORT A DEMOCRATIC GOV]NM5T ! MORE IT ANN\NCES ?AT TO SIDE ) WORK]S TO A LIMIT$ EXT5T 9 /RUGGLES BETWE5 WORK]S & CAPITALI/S ON ACC\NT ( ! GREAT 0SYMPA?Y0 !Y FEEL = WORK]S4 ,BUT PASS+ SAID EXT5T1 DEMOCRATIC GOV]NM5T MA9TA9S 0NEUTRALITY01 SO ?AT ! QUE/ION IS SETTL$ BETWE5 ! TWO ELEM5TS AT W>4 

,O!RWISE1 IF GOV]NM5T W]E TO 9T]V5E RESOLUTELY 9 FAVOR ( ONE ( !M ?AT W\LD REVEAL A P>TIALITY :5 GOV]NM5T %\LD NOT BECOME LIABLE TO SU* CRITICISM4 ,ACCORD+ TO :AT ,BRI&1 ! ,PRESID5T ( ! ,FR5* ,C\NCIL ( ,M9I/]S1 HAS SAID REC5TLY1 9T]PRET+ EV]Y LIB]AL GOV]NM5T'S PLATONISM1 0!Y %\LD GOV]N = ! 5TIRE NATION & NOT = JU/ A CLASS40 

,CAPITAL IS A =CE IMM5SELY SUP]IOR TO ,P[]4 ,P[] IS OBLIG$ TO S]VE ,CAPITAL 9 ONE OR ANO!R MANN]4 ,AS A DEMON/RATION ( ?IS /R5G? AS WELL AS ! REAL TRU? BEH9D ! WI%FUL ORATORY ABOVE1 LET US ILLU/RATE H[ ?IS MANIFE/S4 

,! RUL]S SLI!R & BRAG AB\T H[ FAI?FULLY !Y 9T]PRET ! LAW & FULFILL IT--:I* WE ADMIT IS TRUE 9 MANY CASES--9 A COPI\S S]IES ( CONSID]ATIONS OV] PUBLIC S]VICES ( 9ELUDIBLE ATT5TION1 OV] ! LIB]TY ( LABOR1 OV] PUBLIC ORD]1 ETC41 ETC4 

,ACCORD+ TO :AT SUITS IT1 DEMOCRATIC GOV]NM5T HYPOCRITICALLY OR BRUTALLY 9T]V5ES 9 ! CLASS /RUGGLE BY OB/RUCT+ & IMPOS+ UPON NOT BO? COMBATANTS ( ! MOM5T1 AS SOME NAIVE P]SON W\LD ?9K1 BUT ! MO/ EXHAU/$ ( !M3 ! WORK+ CLASS4 

,& ?IS OCCURS 9 MANY OCCASIONS 9 :I*1 AS HAS ALREADY BE5 9DICAT$1 AU?ORITIES SAY TO OBEY ! LAW & ! LAWS >E REALLY OBEY$4 ,BUT IS IT POSSIBLE ?AT CAPITALI/S HAVE MADE !SE LAWS = !MSELVES8 

,WE MOD]N WORK]S C]TA9LY KN[ :I* CLASS' MORAL1 POLITICAL1 & ECONOMICAL PR9CIPLES HAVE N\RI%$ ! 9TELLIG5CE ( ?OSE :O DRAW UP ! LAWS4 ,WE DO NOT IGNORE NOR >E WE SURPRIS$ AT ! CONSEQU5CES ( !IR WORK1 AL?\< WE FIRMLY REPUDIATE !M4 

,!RE=E1 CALCULATE = Y\RSELF ! ?\S& 9JU/ICES ?AT OCCUR :5 GOV]NM5TS VIOLATE ! LAW OR SIMPLY GO ABOVE IT1 AS FREQU5TLY OCCURS :5 WORK]S >E BE+ DEALT )4 

,WANT+ TO JU/IFY ! 9T]V5TION ( >M$ PUBLIC =CES 9 ! LA/ ,BILBAO M9]S' /RIKE1 DAYS AGO ,JOSE ,CANALEJAS SAID ?AT HE AGRE$ TO IT BECAUSE 9 LI<T ( ! PASSIONS PROVOK$ >M$ =CES 9T]V5$ AS A MOD]AT+ ELEM5T TO REPLACE /RIFE4 

,?IS WORD D]IVES FROM MOD]ATION1 :I* 9 PROP] ,CA/ILIAN MEANS 0TEMP]ANCE 9 POLITICAL & MORAL ACTIONS04 

,WELL !N1 :O WAS TRY+ TO 9/ILL TEMP]ANCE ) ! BATTALIONS & MA*9E GUNN]S ?AT ! GOV]NM5T S5T TO ,BILBAO8 ,WAS IT ! EMPLOY]S8 ,W]E !Y TRY+ TO *ANGE !IR EXTREMELY 9TRANSIG5T ATTITUDE & GRANT ! WORK]S !IR SMALL DEM&S8 

,NO1 BECAUSE !Y DID EV]Y?+ !Y C\LD TO SOLICIT ! >MY'S 9T]V5TION4 

,DID !Y WANT >M$ PUBLIC =CES = ! SOLE PURPOSE ( MAK+ WORK]S--! WEAKE/ ( ! TWO COMBATANTS--FALL UND] ! COMPLETE SWAY ( ! 0SELF-RE/RA9T0 ?AT MA*9ES ( W> W\LD 9DUCE8 ,DID !Y WANT >M$ =CES 9 ORD] TO KILL ! 9DISP5SABLE VIGOR ?AT 9TRODUCES ! RUDIM5T>Y MORAL VICTORY ?AT IS LAT] NE$$ TO MAT]IALLY DEFEAT CAPITALISM BY MA!MATICAL CALCULATION8 ,YES4 

,( ! >GUM5TS WE C\LD PROVIDE TO DEMON/RATE ?IS1 ! FULL1 COLD1 & ANALYTICAL EXAM9ATION ( ! FACTS ?AT L5D TO A CONCLUSIVE UND]/&+ >E PRES5T4 

,LIB]AL GOV]NM5TS PRACTICE !IR SO-CALL$ NEUTRALITY BY EMPLOY+ ALL !IR >M$ NUMB]S ON ! SIDE ( ! /RONGE/ ( ! SOCIAL COMBATANTS--CAPITALI/S4 

,!Y MAKE DECL>ATIONS AGA9/ WORK]S & DELIV] FREQU5T ?REATS ) EV]Y?+ ?AT P[]FULLY UND]M9ES /RIK]S' MORAL /R5G? 9 ORD] TO PROLONG CONFLICTS4 ,?IS LA/ CON/ITUTES ONE ( ! MO/ CONCEAL$ & EFFICACI\S ME?ODS = DEFEAT+ /RIK]S BECAUSE AU?ORITIES KN[ V]Y WELL ?AT ! ECONOMIC MIS]Y ?AT ! PROLET>IAT IS SUBJECT$ TO MAKES IT IMPOSSIBLE TO SUCCESSFULLY P]PETUATE A /RIKE4 

,FUR!RMORE1 ! RUL]S & CAPITALI/S DO NOT FE> ?AT !SE /RUGGLES C\LD GO ON P]PETUALLY--NO4 ,:AT PR(\NDLY WORRIES !M >E REVOLUTION>Y UNION PR9CIPLES ?AT 9SPIRE /RIKES & ! 5]GETIC1 WIDESPREAD TURN !Y CAN TAKE4 

,& !Y TRY TO CONV9CE US ?AT ! RUL]S' NEUTRALITY IS NOT PURE TRICK]Y6 ,BUT B5EVOL5CE ?AT SOME DISP5SE TO WORK]S6 

,WE HAVE A CLE> SAMPLE ( ?IS ON ! OCCASION ( ! ,P>IS RAILWAY /RIKE !SE LA/ FEW DAYS4 ,MAK+ T5D] DECL>ATIONS TO ! PROLET>IAT1 ! NATION'S RADICAL SOCIALI/ GOV]NM5T HAS US$ A CLEV] IDEA TO DEFEAT WORK]S4 ,WE DO NOT KN[ IF IT HAS OCCURR$ TO ANY O!R RUL]S4 

,! GOV]NM5T F\ND ITSELF AT ! HEI<T ( A /RIKE :]E IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE TO GET ANY POOR DEVIL TO BE A /RIKE BREAK] BECAUSE ! NATURE ( ! JOB REQUIR$ 9DISP5SABLE TE*NICAL SKILLS4 ,! GOV]NM5T CALL$ ALL /RIK]S 5LI/$ 9 RES]VE MILIT>Y S]VICE TO ACTIVE MILIT>Y DUTY4 ,ONCE MOBILIZ$ ! GOV]NM5T =C$ !M TO BE !IR [N /RIKE BREAK]S4 ,?IS IS A NOVEL SITUATION4 

,& 9 REG>DS TO ?IS ME?OD WE HAVE ! OPPORTUNITY TO PUT ONTO ! HI/ORICAL RECORD ! FACT ?AT ! SOCIALI/ LEAD] ( YE/]DAY1 ! PROPAGATOR ( ! G5]AL /RIKE1 ,FR5* ,PRIME ,M9I/] ,>I/IDE ,BRI& HAS TRI$ TO DEFEAT /RIK]S BY US+ ! MILIT>Y CODE ( JU/ICE'S B>B>\S & 9IQUIT\S PUNI%M5TS4 

,IF ! RAILWAY /RIKE WAS BE+ RESOLV$ PRIVATELY1 H[ IS IT POSSIBLE ?AT ! GOV]NM5T DID NOT MA9TA9 NEUTRALITY 9 ! CONFLICT8 ,IS ! /RIKE A T]RIFY+ FACT = ! CAPITALI/ WORLD'S SECURITY8 

,WAS IT S5SIBLE TO EXPECT ! GOV]NM5T TO MA9TA9 TRUE NEUTRALITY 9 A /RUGGLE ( RAILWAY WORK]S AGA9/ !IR EXPLOIT]S8 ,GATEKEEP]S >E AMONG !M :O E>N1 IT SEEMS 9CR$IBLE1 FIVE FRANCS A MON?4 

,9 ! /RIKE'S FIR/ PHASE ! REPRES5TATIVES ( ,NOR!RN ,FRANCE ,RAILWAYS' ,ADM9I/RATIVE ,C\NCIL--! 5T]PRISE ?AT FIR/ EXP]I5C$ ! /RIKE--W]E ,$U>DO ,RO?S*ILD1 ,B>ON ,GU/AVO ,RO?S*ILD1 ,B>ON ,ALFR$O ,RO?S*ILD1 ,B>ON ,5RIQUE ,RO?S*ILD1 ,B>ON ,JAIME ,>M&O ,RO?S*ILD1 ,LORD ,RO?S*ILD1 & ,B>ON ,LAMB]T1 FA!R-9-LAW ( ONE ( ! B>ONS CIT$4 ,?IS FAMILY [NS ! ,BANK ( ,FRANCE1 ! RAILWAYS ( ! EA/1 ,P>IS1 ,LYON1 ! ,M$IT]RANEAN1 ,MADRID1 ,Z>AGOZA1 ,ALICANTE1 ! S\? ( ,AU/RIA1 ! M9ES ( ,LA ,GR& ,COMBE & ,P5>ROYA1 LIFE 9SURANCE1 FIRE 9SURANCE1 MA*9]Y 9SURANCE & MU* MORE4 

,BECAUSE ( ! OPPORTUNISM ( MOD]N CAPITALI/S :O >E1 9 %ORT1 GOOD AT PUTT+ P]SONAL AMBITIONS TO GOOD USE1 W\LD IT NOT BE APPROPRIATE TO ONLY SUPPOSE ?AT REVOLUTION>Y TRANSPORTATION WORK]S W\LD NOT RELY ON MON/R\S CAPITALI/S & !IR T]MS8 ,CAPITALI/S :O HAVE ABSOLUTE P[] TO DEV\R !M8 

,BUT 9 SPITE ( ! GOV]NM5T'S ?REATS1 UNION WORK]S ANSW]$ ! CALL TO MOBILIZATION ) ?IS F9E SLOGAN ?AT !Y PR9T$ ?R\<\T ALL ( ! CAPITAL1 0,WE WILL NOT OBEY ! MOBILIZATION ORD]6 ,LONG LIVE ! /RIKE60 ,& !Y FOLL[$ IT4 

,\R SPECIFIC APPROA* HAS BE5 NECESS>Y 9 ORD] TO UND]/& NEUTRALITY 9 CONFLICTS BETWE5 WORK]S & CAPITALI/S4 

,RAILWAY WORK]S HAVE N[ BE5 MOBILIZ$ AS SOLDI]S JU/ AS ELECTRICIANS1 PR9T]S1 BAK]S1 TRAM WORK]S1 ETC41 ETC4 HAVE BE5 MOBILIZ$ AS SOLDI]S4 ,& 9 TIME1 ! SAME WAY ?AT WAGE WORK]S >E FI<T+ & ACQUIR+ CLASS CONSCI\SNESS1 P]HAPS WE WILL ALSO SEE TAILORS AS SOLDI]S OR SOLDI]S ( ?OSE :O SELL SMALL C(FEE MILK C&IES AT C9EMAS OR !AT]S4 

,CAPITALI/ >M$ =CES ALWAYS 9T]V5E 9 !SE /RUGGLES 9 A *>ACT] ?AT IS H>MFUL = WORK]S1 EV5 :5 SAID =CES >E NOT PRES5T AT ! >EA ( ! ABUSE4 ,& TO WELL DEMON/RATE ?IS WE HAVE WRITT5 :AT PREC$ES4 

,WE %\LD PREP>E \RSELVES1 !RE=E1 TO ACT DEF5SIVELY 9 ALL CASES4 ,ATTACKS AGA9/ US CANNOT EV] CEASE :ILE \R TRIUMPH HAS NOT YET COME4 ,MEAN:ILE1 WE MU/ /OCK UP ON 9TELLIG5CE1 DET]M9ATION1 & ORGANIZATION = ATTACKS DIRECT$ AT ! HE>T ( CAPITALISM4 

,UNTIL TODAY ORGANIZ$ WORK]S HAVE BE5 ACCU/OM$ TO RESPOND+ ) A C]TA9 PASSIVITY AT ABUSES ?AT >M$ CAPITALI/ =CES HAVE COMMITT$ AGA9/ UNIONS 9 /RUGGLE4 ,?IS IS BECAUSE SOME1 LACK+ UND]/&+1 CONSID]$ ! ABUSES TO BE ACCID5TAL1 ISOLAT$ 9CID5TS )\T ANY 9TIMATE RELATION TO ! /RUGGLE BETWE5 CAPITALI/ & PROLET>IAT4 

,UPON OBS]V+ ! WORK+ MASSES' 9DIFF]5CE1 ! CONSCI\S ONES CONSID]$ ANY S]I\S1 5]GETIC ACTION TO BE ALMO/ IMPOSSIBLE4 ,BUT 9 ?IS CONGRESS1 :I* IS P]HAPS ! BEG9N+ ( A GR& NEW PROLET>IAN =CE1 IT WILL BE GOOD ?AT WE TAKE ! 9ITIAL /EP TO DECL>E A NEW ATTITUDE = ! FUTURE4 

,9 RESPONSE TO AN ABUSE COMMITT$ AGA9/ A F$]AT$ SOCIETY 9 /RUGGLE1 ?IS ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE C\LD RECOMM5D MANY EXCELL5T WEAPONS1 SU* AS APPEAL+ TO PEOPLE ) RALLIES1 LEAFLETS1 PLAC>DS1 & SPECIAL ISSUES FROM \R PRESS ORGAN TO 9ITIATE A BOYCOTT1 SABOTAGE 7:I* CAUSES SO MU* WORRY TODAY71 A /RIKE 9 ! TRADE AFFECT$ BY ! ABUSE1 & ! REVOLUTION>Y G5]AL /RIKE4 

,WE C\LD RECOMM5D ALL ( ?IS4 ,BUT AT ! SAME TIME WE ASS]T ?AT WORK]S' ORGANIZATIONS %\LD NOT ]R AS LEGISLATORS1 :O DRAW UP MORE & MORE LAWS ?AT DO NOT GO 9TO EFFECT BECAUSE UPON COLLID+ ) REAL LIFE !Y DO NOT CORRESPOND TO ANY NE$S1 NOR TO ! MOM5T'S PRESS+ PALPITATIONS4 

,! TOPIC WE HAVE BE5 TREAT+ IS SO PECULI>1 ?AT 9 ORD] TO RESOLVE IT1 A FACTOR SO IMPORTANT MU/ BE TAK5 9TO ACC\NT3 ! DI/RESS CAUS$ BY ! ABUSE4 

,H[ IS IT POSSIBLE TO MAKE COMMITM5TS BE=EH& 9 ?+S CONC]N$ ) S5TIM5TS ( A SUPREME =M8 ,IS IT P]HAPS POSSIBLE TO PR$ICT ! DEGREE ( 9DIGNATION ?AT AN ABUSE W\LD CAUSE1 NOT KN[+ ! CRUEL NATURE ( ! BOA/$ ABUSE8 ,CAN WE PR$ICT BE=EH& IF !RE HAS BE5 A MOTIVAT$ PROVOCATEUR & O!R IMPORTANT DETAILS8 ,:Y W\LD WE SUBMIT TO A CONGRESS' DELIB]ATIONS--DELIB]ATIONS ?AT >E FIX$1 CONCRETE1 DEF9ITE1 & 9=M$ BY CIRCUM/ANTIAL ATTITUDES8 

,9 SUPPORT ( \R OP9ION WE WILL GIVE TWO %ORT PRACTICAL EXAMPLES ?AT PORTRAY REAL LIFE4 

,UPON TRY+ TO FRISK A /RIK+ WORK]1 ! WORK] TELLS ! (FIC] ?AT !Y MU/ PUT ON !IR GLOVES4 ,! (FIC] ANSW]S !M ) A SLAP 9 ! FACE4 ,IT IS EVID5T ?AT AN ABUSE HAS BE5 COMMITT$4 

,LIKEWISE1 AS HAS OCCURR$ 9 DIFF]5T C\NTRIES AN ABUSE IS COMMITT$ :5 MASSES ( WORK]S ATT5D MASS /REET DEMON/RATIONS 9 OPPOSITION TO GOV]NM5T AFFAIRS ?AT >E CONSID]$ DE/RUCTIVE & DEADLY = ! PEOPLE & SUDD5LY A L>GE GR\P ( AG5TS APPE> :O %OOT AT ! ?RONG )\T PRIOR W>N+1 FELL+ M51 WOM51 & EV5 *ILDR5--*ILDR51 ?OSE SUBLIME 9NOC5TS ?AT LEGISLATORS HAVE NOT D>$ TO TAKE TO ! SCAFFOLD1 VILELY KILL$ BY CAPITALI/ BULLETS4 

,! TWO C]TA9LY CON/ITUTE ABUSES1 BUT !IR DIFF]5CE IS SO GREAT ?AT ! AGREEM5TS TAK5 ) RESPECT TO !M %\LD BE V]Y DIFF]5T4 

,!RE=E1 ?IS ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE BELIEVES ?AT 9 ! FACE ( AN ABUSE COMMITT$ AGA9/ ANY SOCIETY 9 /RUGGLE1 ! F$]ATION %\LD AB&ON ! SOME:AT TRADITIONAL ATTITUDE 9 WORK]S' UNIONS ( PASSIVITY & VA9 M\RN+ = VICTIMS4 ,WE %\LD EX*ANGE ?AT ATTITUDE ) RESOLUTE ACTION :OSE SPECIFIC DETAILS & :OSE POT5TIAL GR[? WILL BE UNAVOIDABLY DET]M9$ BY ! CIRCUM/ANCES ?AT ATT5D ! OCCASION4 

,9 %ORT1 ?IS ASSEMBLY AFFIRMS ?AT IF ?IS F$]ATION SEES FIT3 :5 9 ! FUTURE ! RUL]S ABUSE ANY ( \R F$]ATES BY MEANS ( !IR >M$ =CES !Y WILL BE MET--NOT ) TE>S--BUT ) ?IS F$]ATION'S RESOLUTE ACTION4 ,& FUR!RMORE1 ?AT IT BE CONSID]$ PO9TLESS TO DEF9E FUTURE POLICIES TO CLE> ! WAY = ! GREATE/1 5]GETIC *>ACT] ( PROTE/1 ACCORD+ TO ! MAGNITUDE ( ! ABUSE4 

,R4 ,CO/A 

,J4 ,BUESO 

,D4 ,S]RA 

,J4 ,JAUM> 

,J4 ,B5ET 

,M4 ,MANE 

,R4 ,CANTO 

,?IS TOPIC'S MOTION AS ?OSE PREC$+ C>RIES UNANIM\SLY4 

,! FOLL[+ MOTION RELAT$ TO ! SAME ALSO C>RIES1 

,WE MOVE ?AT ! ASSEMBLY NOT ONLY APPROVE ! CONCLUSION READ1 BUT ?AT A L>GE PR9T+ ( ! MOTION BE MADE & DI/RIBUT$ 9 ALL ( ,SPA9 AS ! NATIONAL F$]ATION'S FIR/ ACT ( PROPAG&A4 

,AVILA 

,MORA 

,VIDAL 

,ZUF]RI 

,AFT] SOME ISSUES ( M9OR IMPORTANCE1 ! APPO9TM5T ( (FIC]S = ! COM+ SESSION TAKES PLACE1 :I* FALLS UPON COMRADES ,AVILA AS PRESID5T & COMRADES ,ALV>EZ1 ,ZUF]RI1 ,GRANA1 & ,H]R]OS AS SECRET>IES4 

,! SESSION ADJ\RNS AT #a3 9 ! MORN+4 

,SIX? ,SESSION 

,! SESSION BEG9S AT #a3#c 9 ! MORN+4 ,COMRADE ,AVILA PRESIDES4 ,COMRADES ,H]R]OS1 ,F]R]1 & ,ROVIRA ACT AS SECRET>IES4 

,! FELL[ SECRET>Y READS ! PREVI\S SESSION'S M9UTES4 ,!Y >E APPROV$4 

,AT ! REQUE/ ( A FELL[ DELEGATE1 ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE = ! F$]ATION'S PROVISIONAL BYLAWS IS APPO9T$4 ,COMRADES ,ALV>EZ 7,GIJON71 ,MORA 7,Z>AGOZA71 ,PLAZA 7,VIGO71 ,GIL 7,C]V]A DEL ,RIO ,ALHAMA71 ,NEGRE 7,C\NCIL ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A71 ,F>RE 7,T>RASA71 & ,BUESO >E APPO9T$4 

,! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE OV] WOM5'S WORK IS APPO9T$1 CONSI/+ ( COMRADES ,PONS 7,B>CELONA ,TEXTILE ,CRAFT71 ,B]NABEU 7,ALCOY ,FEBRILE ,CRAFT71 ,C>R]AS 7,SAN ,M>T9 ,HAIRDRESS]S71 & ,PABLO ,P]EZ 7,B>CELONA ,BOOKB9D]S74 

,COMRADES ,MANLLEU & ,VILLAFRANCA MOVE TO /UDY H[ TO ORGANIZE F>M]S4 ,IT IS APPROV$ = ?REE F>M] CONGRESSI/S TO COMPOSE A ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE4 

,V>I\S COMRADES MOVE TO E/ABLI% A PR9CIPLE 9 REG>DS TO ! EXI/5CE ( TWO UNIONS ( ! SAME TRADE 9 ! SAME LOCALITY )9 ! F$]ATION4 

,! AGREEM5T MADE ON ?IS SAME MATT] BY ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A'S PREVI\S CONGRESS IS READ4 

,CA/ILLO SAYS ?AT ! PREVI\S CONGRESS' AGREEM5T IS NOT BE+ FOLL[$ BECAUSE TWO 5TITIES ( ! SAME TRADE 9 A LOCALITY CANNOT EXI/ 9SIDE ! F$]ATION4 

,! ,HATT]S' DELEGATE DECL>ES ?AT DEBATE IS NOT APPROPRIATE & ?AT IT IS ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A'S C\NCIL'S RESPONSIBILITY TO EVALUATE ?IS MATT]4 ,?IS IS BECAUSE ! PREVI\S CONGRESS' AGREEM5T /ATES ?AT :5EV] TWO UNIONS ( ! SAME TRADE EXI/ )9 ! F$]ATION1 PREF]5CE WILL BE GIV5 TO ! UNION :OSE BEHAVIOR /&>DS >E MO/ CLOSELY RELAT$ TO ! TACTICS ?AT ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A IS FOLL[+4 

,AN 9COM+ TELEGRAM IS READ FROM ,SABADELL REQUE/+ DECL>ATION ( ! REVOLUTION>Y G5]AL /RIKE 9 SOLID>ITY ) ,SABADELL /RIK]S :O >E UPHOLD+ ! AGREEM5T MADE PREVI\SLY4 

,! ,METAL ,WORK]S' ,UNION 7,MALAGA7 S5T A TELEGRAM AFFILIAT+ ) ,CONGRESS4 

 ,BOYCOTT ( ,EL ,DILUVIO NEWSPAP]4 

,COMRADE ,SALUD MOVES TO BOYCOTT ! NEWSPAP] ,EL ,DILUVIO BECAUSE ( ITS WORK AGA9/ ! WORK+ CLASSES4 ,HE READS AN >TICLE FROM ! SAME4 ,! BOYCOTT C>RIES ) ONE VOTE AGA9/ IT4 

 ,PROTE/ ( CAPITALI/ >M$ =CES AT ,CONGRESS 

,IMM$IATELY AFT]1 A MOTION IS READ TO PROTE/ ! DISPLAY ( =CES DEPLOY$ BY ! AU?ORITIES DUR+ ! PRES5T CONGRESS' GA!R+4 ,IT C>RIES UNANIM\SLY4 

 ,SUPPORT = /RIK+ ,SABADELL WORK]S 

,ANO!R MOTION C>RIES DECL>+ ,CONGRESS' SUPPORT = ! /RUGGLE UPHELD BY ,SABADELL FELL[ WORK]S & = ! /R5G? & RESOLVE !Y >E US+ TO DEF5D !IR RI<TS AGA9/ !IR EXPLOIT]S4 

,O!R MOTIONS >E READ & C>RY UNANIM\SLY4 

 ,SATISFACTION ) ,DR4 ,QU]ALTO & ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,CONGRESS ( ,TUB]CULOSIS 

,AMONG !M1 ONE DECL>ES A SATISFACTORY ATTITUDE TO ! NEW APPROA* GIV5 BY DOCTOR ,QU]ALTO & ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,CONGRESS ( ,TUB]CULOSIS1 :I* FAVORS CUR+ TUB]CULOSIS BY US+ SOCIAL ACTION OV] !RAPY4 

 ,ESP]ANTO 

,ANO!R IS ! ADOPTION ( ,ESP]ANTO & RECOMM5D+ ?AT UNIONS /UDY IT4 

 ,SUPPORT = /RIK+ ,FR5* RAILWAY WORK]S 

,ANO!R DECL>ES SUPPORT = ,FR5* RAILWAY WORK]S & CONDEMNS ! ,FR5* GOV]NM5T'S CONDUCT DUR+ ! LATE/ RAILWAY WORK]S' /RIKE4 

 ,SATISFACTION ) ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A'S WORK 

,ANO!R SATISFACTORILY VIEWS ! LABOR C>RI$ \T BY ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A1 ESPECIALLY S9CE ! CONGRESS4 

 ,APPROBATION ( ,B>CELONA & ,SABADELL /RIKE COMMISSIONS 

,LIKEWISE1 ANO!R APPROVES ! /RIKE COMMISSIONS' NEGOTIATIONS 9 ,B>CELONA & ,SABADELL4 

,! SESSION IS SUSP5D$1 SO ?AT ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEES CAN MAKE MOTIONS OV] NEW SUBJECTS PRES5T$4 

,:5 ! SESSION RESUMES ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEES READ4 

 ,ORGANIZ+ AGRICULTURAL WORK]S 

,?IS ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE RECOGNIZES ?AT AS A MEANS = ORGANIZ+ AGRICULTURAL WORK]S ! RELEVANT PRACTICE AGRE$ TO AS ! WAY TO ASSOCIATE & ORGANIZE SCATT]$ WORK]S ANEW %\LD BE 9TRODUC$ AS SOON AS POSSIBLE4 

,AT ! SAME TIME1 AS ! MO/ EFFECTIVE MEANS = ! COOP]ATIVE UNION ( F>M]S1 WE RECOMM5D TO CONGRESSI/S TO BOYCOTT 9 RELAT$ TRADES AGA9/ ALL [N]S :O HAVE LABOR]S :O >E NOT UNIONIZ$4 

,B>CELONA1 #a ,NOVEMB] #aia 

,JUAN ,E/EVE 7,BUJALANCE ,F>M]S7 

,B>TOLOME ,AGUILA 7,MANLLEU ,F>M]S7 

,ISIDRO ,CL>AMUNT 7,VILLAFRANCA ,F>M]S7 

 ,WOM5'S WORK 

,! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE OV] WOM5'S WORK READS ! FOLL[+ MOTION3 

,! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE ?9KS ?AT GIV5 ! PHYSICAL COMPOSITION ( WOM51 ,CONGRESS %\LD CONSID] ! 9HUMANE MANN] 9 :I* H] WORK IS C>RI$ \T AS IS ALREADY ! CASE 9 LOAD+ & UNLOAD+ & O!R JOBS :OSE REQUIR$ EX]TION IS SUP]IOR TO H] COMPOSITION4 

,WE CONSID] ?AT :AT NE$S TO BE PRECISELY CON/ITUT$ = ! MORAL RECOV]Y ( WOM5'S LO/ LIB]TY--:O >E TODAY SUBORD9AT$ TO ! GU>DIAN%IP ( HUSB&S--IS WORK ?AT IS NECESS>Y TO ELEVATE !IR CONDITION TO ! LEVEL M5 >E AT4 ,?IS IS ! ONLY MEANS ( SECUR+ !IR 9DEP5D5CE4 

,FUR!RMORE1 WE HAVE TO CONSID] ?AT WE [E ! R$UCTION ( MANY ( \R WORK H\RS TO ! PA9FUL WORK ( WOM5 9 FACTORIES4 

,MEAN:ILE1 MANY ( US ALL[ \R FEMALE COMRADES TO GET UP FROM B$ BE=E FIVE 9 ! MORN+ :ILE WE GO ON RE/+4 ,& :5 WOM5 F9I% SPILL+ !IR BLOOD = TWELVE H\RS TO SATISFY ! EXPLOIT]'S DEPRAVITY !Y RETURN HOME1 & 9 PLACE ( RE/ %E 5C\NT]S A NEW CAPITALI/--\R FELL[ MALE WORK]--:O ) ! GREATE/ PEACE AWAITS = H] TO DO H\SE *ORES4 

,!RE=E1 ! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE PRES5TS !SE MOTIONS TO ,CONGRESS3 

-,ABOLITION ( ALL WORK ?AT IS SUP]IOR TO WOM5'S PHYSICAL /R5G?4 

,BECAUSE WE UND]/& ?AT WOM5 NE$ WORK1 :I* IS PA9FUL & BADLY PAID1 9 ORD] TO A*IEVE !IR 9DEP5D5CE1 WE PROPOSE3 

-,?AT WOM5'S WAGES CORRESPOND TO !IR WORK ) ID5TICAL PROPORTION TO M5'S WORK4 

-,?AT IT IS ! DUTY ( ! ,SPANI% ,NATIONAL ,CONF$]ATION ( ,LABOR'S ORGANIZATIONS TO COMMIT !MSELVES TO 5GAGE 9 AN 5]GETIC CAMPAIGN TO UNIONIZE WOM5 & R$UCE WORK H\RS4 

-,?IS ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE RESOLVES ?AT WOM5 %\LD NOT BE P]MITT$ TO WORK UND] ANY CIRCUM/ANCES A MON? BE=E H] DELIV]Y & UNTIL A MON? AFT] GIV+ BIR?4 

,RAFAEL ,B]NABEU 

,JOSE ,PONS 

,JOSE ,M>IA ,C>R]AS 

,PABLO ,P]EZ4 

,COMRADE ,PONS 7,B>CELONA ,TEXTILE ,CRAFT7 MAKES RELEVANT OBS]VATIONS 9 SUPPORT ( ! MOTION4 ,HE DEF5DS ! PRAISE ( WOM5 AT WORK & 9 ! FAMILY1 ADVOCATES ! 5D ( ! EXI/+ TYRANNY1 & DEM&S M5'S SUPPORT 9 ?IS QUE/ION4 ,HE SAYS ?AT ! MORAL & MAT]IAL $UCATION ( \R *ILDR5 %\LD BE 9 \R 9T]E/S4 

,A DELEGATE 7,LOCKSMI?S7 SAYS ?AT WOM5'S MAT]NAL & *ILD-RE>+ WORK >E NOT VALU$ AT ALL4 

 ,PRISON] SUPPORT COMMISSION 

,COMRADE ,H]R]OS READS A LETT] FROM PRISON]S ( ! ,JULY EV5TS4 ,!Y LAM5T ! AB&ONM5T !Y FEEL & ASK ?AT ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A APPO9T A PRISON] SUPPORT COMMISSION COMPOS$ EXCLUSIVELY ( WORK]S4 ,! CURR5T APPO9TEES >E NOT TRU/WOR?Y 9 PLACE ( WORK]S & !RE IS AN 9=M]1 ,BONET4 

,AT ! SAME TIME1 HE RECALLS ! AGREEM5T ( ! DEPUTIES :O TOOK ! FLOOR 9 ! ,>MAS DEL ,P>QUE SQU>E MEET+4 ,! COMMITM5T WAS TO CAUSE OB/RUCTIONS :5 !RE >E 9T5TIONS TO D5Y AMNE/Y4 ,BUT 9 VIEW ( ! FACT ?AT ?IS HAS NOT BE5 DONE1 ! F$]ATION %\LD ORD] EXECUTION ( ?IS ONCE MORE BY APPO9T+ COMMISSIONS 9 ALL O!R PROV9CES4 ,TWO LOCAL COMMITTEES BELONG+ TO ! NATIONAL F$]ATION %\LD BE APPO9T$ TO COMPLETE ?IS4 ,?IS C>RIES UNANIM\SLY4 

,! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE'S MOTION C>RIES UNANIM\SLY4 

,! SESSION ADJ\RNS AT #a3#c 9 ! AFT]NOON4 

,H]R]OS 7,B>CELONA ,PR9T+ ,CRAFT7 MOVES ?AT ! EV5+ SESSION BE L5G!N$1 SO ?AT IT IS ALSO ! CLOS+ SESSION4 

,! COMRADES TO BECOME (FIC]S = ! NEXT SESSION >E APPO9T$4 ,?OSE APPO9T$ >E COMRADES ,NEGRE1 AS PRESID5T1 & ,DURAN1 ,BUESO1 ,VIDAL1 & ,C>R]AS AS SECRET>IES4 

,SEV5? ,SESSION 

,! SESSION OP5S AT #d3#c 9 ! AFT]NOON4 ,COMRADE ,NEGRE 7,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A7 PRESIDES4 ,ACT+ AS SECRET>IES >E COMRADES ,VIDAL 7,Z>AGOZA71 ,BUESO 7,SEVILLA ,PR9T+ ,CRAFT71 & ,C>R]AS 7,SAN ,M>T9 ,B>B]S74 

,! M9UTES ( ! PREVI\S SESSION >E READ4 ,!Y >E APPROV$ AFT] SOME OBS]VATIONS BY V>I\S COMRADES4 

,! SECRET>Y READS TWO AFFILIATIONS FROM ! ,MOSAIC ,WORK]S' ,UNIONS & ,B>CELONA ,LOCAL ,GOV]NM5T ,C>TWRI<TS4 

 ,CONDEMNATION ( ,>G5T9E GOV]NM5T & CAPITALI/S 

,A MOTION IS READ :OSE 9T5TION IS TO PROTE/ ! \TRAGES COMMITT$ BY ,>G5T9E CAPITALI/S & ! ,GOV]NM5T ( ! ,REPUBLIC ( ,>G5T9A4 ,! MOTION C>RIES1 :I* READS3 

,UPON ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A BE+ CON/ITUT$ AS ! ,NATIONAL ,CONF$]ATION ( ,LABOR IT AGREES TO EXPRESS 9 ! WORLD WORK]S' PRESS ! 9DIGNATION ) :I* IT HAS VIEW$ ! 9IQUIT\S MEASURES1 LEGAL & EXTRALEGAL1 ?AT ! ,GOV]NM5T ( ! ,REPUBLIC ( ,>G5T9A HAS US$ AGA9/ WORK]S & !IR ORGANIZATIONS4 ,9 RESPONSE IT RECOMM5DS AFFILIAT$ UNIONS TO 5GAGE 9 AN 9T5SE PROPAG&A ( PROTE/ EA* TIME SIMIL> ACTS >E REPEAT$1 RE9=C+ AT ! SAME TIME !IR ABSOLUTE CONVICTION ?AT1 UPON WEI<+ ! VIOL5CE ( ALL GOV]NM5TS1 !RE WILL NOT BE PEACE 9 ! WORLD UNTIL WE WORK]S1 ASSI/$ BY ! GREAT 9TELLIG5CE ( CLAIRVOYANT =ESI<T1 HAVE SUFFICI5T =CE TO DE/ROY ECONOMIC 9EQUALITY & ALL ITS DEF5D]S4 

,CO/A 

,RULL 

,AVILA 

,LLADO 

,M>CE 

,F>RE 

,CA/ILLO 

,RICO 

,CIURANA 

 ,DRAFT ( ! CONF$]ATION'S BYLAWS 

,! ASSEMBLY PROCE$S TO READ ! DRAFT ( ! CONF$]ATION'S BYLAWS ?AT WILL BE PUBLI%$ 9 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A'S NEXT ISSUE4 

,! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE'S SECRET>Y MAKES SOME OBS]VATIONS AB\T ! BYLAWS1 CL>IFY+ SOME MATT]S4 

,V>I\S COMRADES DEBATE4 

,COMRADE ,F>RE 7,T>RASA7 PRES5TS TWO >TICLES ?AT HE PROPOSES TO BE 9CLUD$ 9 ! BYLAWS4 

,COMRADE ,LO/AU 7,B>CELONA ,LOCKSMI?S7 *ALL5GES ! F$]ATION'S BYLAWS4 ,HE IS ( ! OP9ION ?AT ?IS MU/ BE CALL$ A CONF$]ATION & EXP&S ON CONSID]ATIONS 9 SUPPORT ( HIS OP9ION4 

,COMRADE ,ALV>EZ 7,GIJON ,F$]ATION7 SAYS ?AT ! BYLAWS >E PROVISIONAL BECAUSE !Y >E A DRAFT MOTION4 ,! C5TRAL COMMITTEE WILL DI/RIBUTE !M TO AFFILIAT$ UNIONS1 SO ?AT !SE CAN MAKE ! MODIFICATIONS !Y BELIEVE CONV5I5T4 ,9 ! NEXT CONGRESS ! COMMITTEE WILL PRES5T !M1 & IT IS !RE ?AT ! BYLAWS WILL BE DEF9ITIVELY ADOPT$4 

,COMRADE ,H]R]OS 7,PR9T+ ,CRAFT7 ASKS = ! AGREEM5T REF]R$ TO 9 TOPIC ELEV54 

,C>R]AS 7,SAN ,M>T9 ,B>B]S7 ANSW]S ?AT IT WAS AGRE$ TO BE A CONF$]ATION4 

,F>RE 7,T>RASA7 BELIEVES ?AT WE MU/ BE PRACTICAL1 & HE DEF5DS ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A BE+ A F$]ATION1 :I* PREV5TS ! UNIONS P]SONALITIES FROM BE+ EVISC]AT$4 ,! UNIONS %\LD ONLY BELONG TO F$]ATIONS4 

,COMRADE ,LO/AU MAKES A CL>IFICATION4 ,HE UND]/&S ?AT ?IS CONGRESS' PURPOSE IS TO *ANGE ! F$]ATION'S TACTICS1 & HE BELIEVES ?AT IT IS 9DISP5SABLY NECESS>Y ?AT ITS ORGANIZATION BE ON A F$]ATIVE BASIS4 ,S9CE ! BEG9N+ ( ! HI/ORY ( F$]ATIONS CONSID]ATIONS HAVE BE5 EXT5D$ OV] ?IS MATT]4 ,HE F9I%ES BY SAY+ ?AT1 DISP5S+ ) DETAILS1 HE BELIEVES ?AT ! NATIONAL ORGANIZATION %\LD BE CALL$ A CONF$]ATION & NOT A F$]ATION4 

,COMRADE ,ALV>EZ ANSW]S COMRADE ,LO/AU 9 HIS CL>IFICATION4 ,HE BELIEVES ?AT UPON BE+ NAM$ A CONF$]ATION1 UNIONS LOSE !IR [N P]SONALITIES4 ,BUT IF !Y >E F$]ATIONS !Y CONS]VE ALL ( !IR 9TEGRITY1 !IR P]SONALISM4 ,TO AID HIS ASS]TION HE EXPLA9S V>I\S EXAMPLES4 

,! ,DRAFT ,COMMITTEE ACCEPTS COMRADE ,LO/AU'S AM5DM5T4 ,! BYLAWS C>RY4 

,IT IS AGRE$ ?AT AT ! NEXT CONGRESS ! C5TRAL COMMITTEE WILL ADDRESS ! DUES ?AT UNIONS %\LD PAY4 ,9 ! MEANTIME1 UNIONS >E TO CONT9UE PAY+ :AT !Y >E PRES5TLY PAY+4 

,AVILA ASKS IF ! F$]ATIONS MA9TA9+ ! NEWSPAP] HAVE TO ALSO PAY ?REE C5TIMOS = EA* ( ITS F$]ATES4 ,AFT] V>I\S COMRADES TAKE ! FLOOR1 IT IS AGRE$ ?AT !Y NOT PAY MORE ?AN TWO C5TIMOS4 

,! *AIRMAN ASKS :]E ! C5TRAL COMMITTEE MU/ RESIDE4 ,IT IS UNANIM\SLY C>RI$ ?AT ! C5TRAL COMMITTEE WILL BE 9 ,B>CELONA UNTIL ! NEXT CONGRESS4 

,IT IS C>RI$ ?AT ! ,MASONS DELEGATION'S MOTION 0,:AT RESPONSIBILITY IS ! WORK] 5TITL$ TO AT HIS JOB80 BE 9CLUD$ 9 ! NEXT CONGRESS' FIR/ SESSION4 

,COMRADE ,LLADO 7,SABADELL7 HAS ! FLOOR4 ,S9CE ,CONGRESS AGRE$ TO ABOLI% PIECE WORK1 HE REM9DS ,CONGRESS ?AT ! ,SABADELL /RIKE BEGAN BECAUSE WORK]S DID NOT WANT TO WORK :]E PIECE WORK WAS ! ONLY CONDITION ALL[$4 ,HE PRES5TS ! CONFLICT'S HI/ORY4 ,C>RY+ \T ?IS ,CONGRESS' AGREEM5T1 9 A MEET+ ASSEMBL$ ! DAY BE=E1 ! PEOPLE ( ,SABADELL AGRE$ TO ! REVOLUTION>Y G5]AL /RIKE BECAUSE ( !SE WORK CONDITIONS4 

,SALVADOR ,M>CET ?9KS ?AT A DEF9ITE AGREEM5T %\LD FALL ONTO ?IS CONGRESS 9 LI<T ( ! TACTICS FOLL[$ BY ! ,SABADELL CAPITALI/S4 ,HE >GUES = ! ADOPTION ( ! REVOLUTION>Y G5]AL /RIKE 9 ALL ( ,SPA9 TO SOLVE ! PRES5T CONFLICT 9 FAVOR ( ! WORK]S4 

,V>I\S MOTIONS >E PRES5T$ TO L5D SOLID>ITY TO SAID /RIK]S4 

,SIGN]S ( DIFF]5T MOTIONS GA!R TO COME TO AN AGREEM5T & DRAW UP A S+LE MOTION4 

 ,SOLID>ITY ) ,SABADELL /RIK]S 

,MEAN:ILE1 COMRADE ,ZUF]RI EXPLA9S ! CONFLICT 9 ,Z>AGOZA4 ,HE /ATES ?AT 9 A MEET+ ,Z>AGOZA WORK]S ALSO AGRE$ TO ! REVOLUTION>Y G5]AL /RIKE4 ,HE REQUE/S ?AT ! AGREEM5T MADE = ,SABADELL BE EXT5D$ TO ,Z>AGOZA /RIK]S4 

,! NEW MOTION IS READ1 :I* IS AS FOLL[S3 

,WE MOVE ?AT ,CONGRESS AGREES ?AT AS A MEASURE ( SOLID>ITY ) ! ,SABADELL /RIK]S ?AT ALL PRES5T DELEGATES 5C\RAGE !IR RESPECTIVE ORGANIZATIONS ( ! UNAVOIDABLE DUTY !Y HAVE TO FULFILL ! ASSEMBLY AGREEM5TS MADE BY DELEGATES ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A 9 ,B>CELONA BY MAT]IALLY ASSI/+ ! /RIK]S4 

,IF ! /RIKE HAS NOT BE5 RESOLV$ NEXT ,FRIDAY1 ! /RIK]S WILL FULFILL ! AGREEM5T ( AB&ON+ 9 MASS ! SETTLEM5T ( ,SABADELL4 ,& IF CAPITALI/ =CES ABUSE !SE COMRADES ON ! OCCASION ( ?IS F9AL AGREEM5T1 ! ,B>CELONA F$]ATION'S COMMITTEE WILL FULFILL ! AGREEM5T MADE 9 LA/ NI<T'S SESSION ?AT REF]S TO ?IS CONCRETE CASE4 

,?IS MOTION C>RIES UNANIM\SLY AMID ! GREATE/ 5?USIASM4 

,! CLOS+ P]IOD HAS COME1 & ! FLOOR IS GIV5 TO COMRADE ,F>RE 7,T>RASA74 ,HE REFLECTS ?AT GIV5 ! GR&EUR ( ! ACTION1 ,B>CELONA'S PEOPLE HAVE NOT RESPOND$ AS HE W\LD HAVE LIK$4 ,NEV]!LESS1 HE SAYS ! GUID+ LI<T ( UNIONISM WILL COME =? FROM ?IS CONGRESS & ILLUM9ATE ALL ( ,SPA94 

,COMRADE ,ORD9AS 7,PALMA DE ,MALLORCA7 SPEAKS ON BEHALF ( HIS REGION4 ,HE BELIEVES ?AT ! MO/ ADEQUATE ME?ODS = W9N+ WORK]S' DEM&S >E 5]GETIC ONES BECAUSE !Y CANNOT BE WON 9 ANO!R WAY4 ,HE ?9KS ?AT COMMISSIONS %\LD BE S5T TO BR+ TRUE REVOLUTION>Y UNIONI/ DOCTR9ES TO ! M9DS ( ,MALLORCANS4 

,MORA 7,Z>AGOZA ,F$]ATION7 SAYS ?AT ,Z>AGOZA WORK]S WILL KN[ H[ TO 5]GETICALLY FULFILL ! AGREEM5TS MADE AT ?IS CONGRESS4 

,COMRADE ,GIL 7,LA ,RIOJA7 READS A DOCUM5T PROCLAIM+ FAI? 9 REVOLUTION>Y UNIONISM4 ,HE PROMISES ,CONGRESS ?AT HIS REGION WILL 5GAGE 9 ACTIVE UNION PROPAG&A1 & HE RECOMM5DS ?AT ALL DELEGATES DO ! SAME4 

,COMRADE ,PLAZA 7,GALICIA7 ACKN[L$GES ! SUPREME IMPORTANCE ( ! WORK ACCOMPLI%$ 9 ?IS CONGRESS4 ,HE 5C\RAGES WORK]S1 SO ?AT !IR C\RAGE DOES NOT EV] DECL9E DUR+ ! /RUGGLES !Y CONT9U\SLY WAGE4 ,& HE 5C\RAGES !M TO ALWAYS DI/RU/ FALSE R$EEM]S4 

,COMRADE ,BUESO 7,SEVILLA ,PR9T+ ,CRAFT7 TAKES ! FLOOR4 ,REF]R+ TO ! WORDS ( DIFF]5T POLITICIANS & CAPITALI/S1 HE SAYS ?AT !Y CLAIM TO PUT \T ! FLAMES ( \R GRIEVANCES ) DECEITFUL PHRASES4 ,& HE ADVISES ?AT !SE PREMISES WILL BE TOO SMALL TO ACCOMMODATE ALL WORK]S AT ! NEXT CONGRESS4 

,ALV>EZ 7,GIJON7 EXPLA9S ! ,A/URIAS WORK]S' MOVEM5T1 :OSE MANIFE/ATION IS BRILLIANT4 ,9 ,GIJON1 A TITANIC /RUGGLE IS BE+ WAG$ ON ACC\NT ( A LOCK\T DECL>$ BY CAPITALI/S4 ,! 5D ( IT IS NOT 9 SI<T4 ,!Y >E ALSO DE/ROY+ WORK]S' ASSOCIATIONS4 ,TODAY1 NEV]!LESS1 ! WORK+ CLASS HAV+ RETURN$ TO ORGANIZ+ ITSELF1 IT WILL A*IEVE ! DE/RUCTION ( ! EMPLOY] CLASS' COALITION4 

,BECAUSE HE UND]/&S ?AT WE >E /ILL 9 AN EMBRYONIC /ATE & SOME:AT DISORI5T$ 9 \R M>*1 HE BELIEVES ?AT 9 ! FUTURE WE WILL MANAGE TO PROVIDE A MODEL TO ! WORLD'S WORK]S4 ,WE MU/ UND]TAKE A S]I\S & FRUITFUL CAMPAIGN BY MEANS ( ! F$]ATION'S C5TRAL COMMITTEE 9 ORD] TO OBTA9 A /RONG WORK+-CLASS COHESIV5ESS & TO TEA* ! EXPLOIT$ H[ ! CAPITALI/ WA/E :AT WE GIVE4 ,WE CULTIVATE !IR WELL-BE+ ) \R SWEAT1 & !Y USE ! FRUIT ( \R LABOR 9 ORGIES & DISGRACEFUL BAC*ANALS4 ,HE FI]CELY ATTACKS ! CRIM9AL ,BRI& = HIS ACTIONS 9 ! ,FR5* RAILWAY WORK]S' /RIKE4 ,HE WI%ES = ! TRIUMPH ( ! NEW F$]ATION TO GR[1 & HE CONVEYS AN AFFECTIONATE SALUTE TO ! CONGRESSI/S4 

,F>RES 7,B>CELONA ,C>TWRI<TS7 BELIEVES ?AT EV]YONE %\LD TRY TO SEE ?AT \R WORK BECOMES ABSOLUTELY FRUITFUL4 ,HE REC\NTS ! /RUGGLE ?AT ! ,CATALAN UNIONS HAVE BE5 C>RY+ \T = A %ORT :ILE N[4 ,HE UND]L9ES ! ,SABADELL CAPITALI/S' ACTIONS1 AS WELL AS ! ,B>CELONA C>TWRI<TS'4 ,UNIT$ P]HAPS ) ALL O!R CAPITALI/S1 !Y >E C>RY+ \T %AMEFUL ACTS AGA9/ \R CLASS1 & TO C\NT]ACT ITS EFFECT WE HAVE TO ANSW] !IR ATTITUDE ) ! WORK]S' SAME GALLANT ATTITUDE4 

,HE DIRECTS A PLEA TO ALL DELEGATES ( ! 5TIRE ,CATALAN REGION4 ,HE EXPLA9S HIS MEET+ ) ! CAPITALI/ CLASS1 :I* SUGGE/$ TO HIM ?AT WE HAVE TO C>EFULLY LOOK AT ! RESOLUTION ADOPT$ BY !M4 ,ONE ( ! CAPITALI/S HAS DECL>$ ?AT IF ! ,SABADELL C>TWRI<TS' /RIKE HAS NOT CONCLUD$ ?IS WEEK1 !Y W\LD PROVIDE M5 TO TAKE ! C>TS FROM ! /ABLES & TRANSPORT ! MAT]IALS NE$$ = ?AT BRAN* ( WORK4 ,TO CO]CE 9DIVIDUALS !Y W\LD DECL>E A LOCK\T TO /OP WORK4 

,COMRADE ,NEGRE GAVE A SUMM>Y ( ! CONGRESS4 ,ADDRESS+ HIMSELF TO COMRADES FROM DIFF]5T REGIONS1 HE TELLS !M TO TAKE TO !IR LOCALITIES ! >D5T DESIRE = EMANCIPATION & TO TELL ALL UNCONSCI\S PEOPLE AS ! BIBLICAL PHRASE SAYS1 0,LAZ>US1 RISE & COME =?10 SO ?AT ALL1 WELL UNIT$1 M>* T[>D ! COMPLETE R$EMPTION ( ALL ! E>?'S WORK]S4 

,& ,CONGRESS IS CLOS$4 

,BACKMATT] 

,UNIONS ,REPRES5T$ 

#a4 ,BASKETMAK+ ,CRAFT 7,B>CELONA73 ,M>IANO ,GIRONE4 

#b4 ,UNION ( ,CYL9D] ,/AMP ,5GRAV]S 7,B>CELONA73 ,&RES ,MAGR9YA1 ,JAC9TO ,PUIG1 & ,JUAN ,YMB]T4 

#c4 ,C>TWRI<T ,WORK]S 7,T>RASA73 ,FLOR5CIO ,JAVI]RE4 

#d4 ,AUTOMOBILE ,C>MAK]S & ,AUTOMOBILE ,BODY ,WORK]S 7,B>CELONA73 ,B]N>DO ,LI]N4 

#e4 0,! ,FUZE0 ,BAK]S 7,B>CELONA73 ,RAMON ,CANELLAS4 

#f4 ,BAK]Y ,WORK]S 7,T>RASA73 ,JUAN ,MONRRUA4 

#g4 ,LOCAL ,F$]ATION 7,VALLS73 ,JUAN ,M>TI4 

#h4 ,BAK]Y ,WORK]S 7,VALLS73 ,DOM+O ,MA!U4 

#i4 ,AMALGAMAT$ ,PR(ESSIONS & ,TRADES 7,LA ,L9EA73 ,JOSE ,NEGRE4 

#a4 ,PR9T+ ,CRAFT & ,RELAT$ ,SECTORS 7,SEVILLA73 ,JOAQU9 ,BUESO4 

#a#a4 0,DEF5D] ( ,LABOR0 ,ESPADRILLE-MAK]S 7,C]V]A DEL ,RIO ,ALHAMA73 ,JUAN ,GIL4 

#a#b4 ,WORK]S' ,UNION 7,P9OS ,PU5TE73 ,JUAN ,GRAU4 

#a#c4 ,WORK]S' ,ASSOCIATION ( ,LOJ5A3 ,JOSE ,NEGRE4 

#a#d4 0,FRAT]NALISM0 ,COALY>D ,CL]KS3 ,JAIME ,CORDOBA4 

#a#e4 ,C>P5T]S 7,SANS73 ,FRANCISCO ,SUBIRATS & ,ANTONIO ,ESCALONA4 

#a#f4 0,LI<T ( ! ,FUTURE0 ,WORK]S ,C5T] 7,BUJALANCE73 ,JUAN ,E/EVE4 

#a#g4 ,JEWELRY & ,SILV] ,WORK]S 7,B>CELONA73 ,P$RO ,M>TI1 ,FELIX ,DUVAL1 & ,F4 ,CANALDA4 

#a#h4 ,MASONRY ,TRADES 7,B>CELONA73 ,JULIAN ,E/EBAN & ,FIDEL ,CATALA4 

#a#i4 0,! ,TR[EL0 ,MASONRY ,UNION 7,SALAMANCA73 ,BU5AV5TURA ,C>ITICO4 

#b4 ,BOOKB9D+ ,WORK]S & ,RELAT$ ,TRADES ( ,BO? ,SEXES 7,B>CELONA73 ,VIC5TE ,PLAZA & ,P$RO ,P]EZ4 

#b#a4 0,PROGRESS0 ,B>B]+ & ,HAIRDRESS+ ,WORK]S 7,B>CELONA73 ,TOMAS ,SALA4 

#b#b4 ,FEBRILE ,CRAFT ,UNION 7,ALCOY73 ,RAFAEL ,B]NABEU4 

#b#c4 ,UNION ( ,TAPE/RY ,TRADES 7,B>CELONA73 ,MANUEL ,ESCORZA & ,TIMOTEO ,H]R]4 

#b#d4 ,RAILWAY ,LOAD]S & ,UNLOAD]S 7,B>CELONA73 ,ANGEL ,M>T9 & ,JOSE ,ALEMANY4 

#b#e4 ,PA/A ,TRADES & ,APPR5TICES 7,B>CELONA73 ,JOSE ,V]NET4 

#b#f4 ,LOCAL ,F$]ATION ( ,PA9T ,WORK]S 7,B>CELONA73 ,P$RO ,TORR5T & ,MATEO ,ROMIA4 

#b#g4 ,V>I\S 7,VILLANUEVA & ,GELTRU73 ,J4 ,F]R]4 

#b#h4 ,FOOTWE> ,MAK]S' ,SECTION 7,MALAGA73 ,S4 ,RICO & ,V4 ,AVILA4 

#b#i4 ,HAIRDRESS+ & ,B>B] ,TRADES 7,SABADELL73 ,SALVADOR ,M]C$4 

#c4 ,PREP>]S1 ,PRESS]S1 & ,DY]S 7,SABADELL & ITS VIC9ITIES73 ,RIC>DO ,ESCUDE4 

#c#a4 ,ME*ANICAL ,WOOLWEAV]S 7,SABADELL73 ,JOSE ,B]NABEU4 

#c#b4 ,C>TWRI<TS 7,SABADELL & ITS RADIUS73 ,RAMON ,VALLES4 

#c#c4 0,EXCEPTIONAL0 ,ME*ANICAL ,WEAV]S3 ,ROGELIO ,CANTO4 

#c#d4 ,FEBRILE ,CRAFT 7,T>RASA73 ,RAMON ,PRAT & ,P$RO ,MAYOL4 

#c#e4 ,F>M]S 7,SITGES73 ,JUAN ,DURAN ,F]RET4 

#c#f4 ,F>M]S 7,VILLAFRANCA ( ,PANADES73 ,ISIDRO ,CL>AMUNT & ,P$RO ,JUNY54 

#c#g4 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A ,LOCAL ,F$]ATION 7,VILLAFRANCA ( ,PANADES73 ,JOSE ,ROVIRA4 

#c#h4 ,WORK]S' ,C5T] 7,ALGECIRAS73 ,ANTONIO ,SALUD4 

#c#i4 ,WOOL ,SORT]S OR ,CLASSIFI]S 7,SABADELL73 ,EMILIO ,CUNI4 

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