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,AUGU/ #d & ,ITS ,CONSEQU5CES 

#aiiaii 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,ADAM ,5GELH>T1,C,C ,B,Y-,S,A ,LIC5SE ,NI<T ( ,AUGU/ #d -- ,>I/OCRACY PRET5DS TO REL9QUI% FEUDAL RI<TS -- ,ASSEMBLY BEGS ,K+ TO TAKE ACTION -- ,D',AIGUILLON & DE ,NOAILLES TAKE UP CAUSE ( PEASANTS -- ,!IR GREAT SPEE*ES -- ,LE ,GU5 DE ,K]ANGALL-,SC5E 9 ,ASSEMBLY -- ,EXT5T ( ACTUAL CONCESSIONS -- ,EFFECT ( NEWS 9 PROV9CES -- ,MIDDLE CLASSES TAKE UP >MS AGA9/ PEASANTS 

,! NI<T ( ,AUGU/ #d IS ONE ( ! GREAT DATES ( ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,LIKE ,JULY #ad & ,OCTOB] #a#e1 #a#g#h#i1 ,JUNE #b#a1 #a#g#i#a1 ,AUGU/ #a1 #a#g#i#b1 & ,MAY #c#a1 #a#g#i#c1 IT M>K$ ONE ( ! GREAT /AGES 9 ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T1 & IT DET]M9$ ! *>ACT] ( ! P]IOD :I* FOLL[S IT4 

,! HI/ORIC LEG5D IS LOV+LY US$ TO EMBELLI% ?IS NI<T1 & ! MAJORITY ( HI/ORIANS1 COPY+ ! /ORY AS IT HAS BE5 GIV5 BY A FEW CONTEMPOR>IES1 REPRES5T IT AS A NI<T FULL ( 5?USIASM & SA9TLY ABNEGATION4 

,) ! TAK+ ( ! ,BA/ILLE1 ! HI/ORIANS TELL US1 ! ,REVOLUTION HAD GA9$ ITS FIR/ VICTORY4 ,! NEWS SPREAD TO ! PROV9CES1 & PROVOK$ EV]Y:]E SOME:AT SIMIL> 9SURRECTIONS4 ,IT P5ETRAT$ TO ! VILLAGES1 &1 AT ! 9/IGATION ( ALL K9DS ( VAGABONDS1 ! PEASANTS ATTACK$ !IR LORDS & BURNT ! *ATEAUX4 ,:]EUPON ! CL]GY & NOBILITY1 FILL$ ) A PATRIOTIC IMPULSE1 SEE+ ?AT !Y HAD AS YET DONE NO?+ = ! PEASANT1 BEGAN TO REL9QUI% !IR FEUDAL RI<TS DUR+ ?IS MEMORABLE NI<T4 ,! NOBLES1 ! CL]GY1 ! POORE/ P>I% PRIE/ & ! RI*E/ ( ! FEUDAL LORDS1 ALL R5\NC$ UPON ! ALT> ( !IR C\NTRY !IR SECUL>' PR]OGATIVES4 ,A WAVE ( 5?USIASM PASS$ ?R\< ! ,ASSEMBLY2 ALL W]E EAG] TO MAKE !IR SACRIFICE4 0,! SITT+ WAS A HOLY FEA/1 ! TRIBUNE AN ALT>1 ! ,ASSEMBLY ,HALL A TEMPLE10 SAYS ONE ( ! HI/ORIANS1 :O >E USUALLY CALM 5\< 0 ,IT WAS A ,SA9T ,B>?OLOMEW ( PROP]TY10 SAY ! O!RS4 ,& :5 ! FIR/ BEAMS ( DAY BROKE OV] ,FRANCE ON ! MORR[ ! OLD FEUDAL SY/EM NO LONG] EXI/$4 0 ,FRANCE WAS A C\NTRY BORN ANEW1 HAV+ MADE AN AUTO-DA-FE ( ALL ! ABUSES ( ITS PRIVILEG$ CLASSES40 

,?AT IS ! LEG5D4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT A PR(\ND 5?USIASM ?RILL$ ! ,ASSEMBLY :5 TWO NOBLES1 ! ,VISC\NT DE ,NOAILLES & ! ,DUKE D',AIGUILLON1 PUT ! DEM& = ! ABOLITION ( FEUDAL RI<TS1 AS WELL AS ( ! V>I\S PRIVILEGES ( ! NOBILITY1 & :5 TWO BI%OPS-?OSE ( ,NANCY & ( ,*>TRES -SPOKE DEM&+ ! ABOLITION ( ! TI!S4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT ! 5?USIASM W5T ON EV] 9CREAS+1 & ?AT DUR+ ?IS ALL-NI<T SITT+ NOBLES & CL]GY FOLL[$ ONE ANO!R TO ! TRIBUNE & DISPUT$ :O %\LD FIR/ GIVE UP !IR SEIGNORIAL C\RTS (4 JU/ICE4 ,PLEAS W]E TO BE HE>D MADE BY ! PRIVILEG$ P]SONS1 = JU/ICE-FREE1 UNB\<T1 & EQUAL = ALL4 ,LORDS1 LAY & ECCLESIA/IC1 W]E SE5 REL9QUI%+ !IR GAME LAWS4 ,! ,ASSEMBLY WAS C>RI$ AWAY BY ITS 5?USIASM1 & 9 ?IS 5?USIASM NOBODY REM>K$ ! CLAUSE = R$EEM+ ! FEUDAL RI<TS & TI!S1 :I* ! TWO NOBLES & ! TWO BI%OPS HAD 9TRODUC$ 9TO !IR SPEE*ES-A CLAUSE T]RIBLE EV5 9 ITS VAGU5ESS1 S9CE IT MI<T MEAN ALL OR NO?+1 & DID1 9 FACT1 PO/PONE1 AS WE %ALL SEE1 ! ABOLITION ( FEUDAL RI<TS = F\R YE>S-UNTIL ,AUGU/ #a#g#i#c4 ,BUT :I* ( US 9 READ+ ! BEAUTIFUL /ORY ( ?AT NI<T1 WRITT5 BY ITS CONTEMPOR>IES1 HAS NOT BE5 C>RI$ AWAY BY 5?USIASM 9 HIS TURN8 ,& :O HAS NOT PASS$ OV] ?OSE TRAITOR\S WORDS1 0RACBAT AU D5I] #c 0 7R$EMPTION AT A ?IRTY-YE>S' PUR*ASE71 )\T UND]/&+ !IR T]RIBLE IMPORT8 ,?IS IS ALSO :AT HAPP5$ 9 ,FRANCE 9 #a#g#h#i4 

,! EV5+ SITT+ ( ,AUGU/ #d HAD AT FIR/ BEGUN ) PANIC1 NOT ) 5?USIASM44 ,WE HAVE JU/ SE5 ?AT A NUMB] ( *ATEAUX HAD BE5 BURNT OR PLUND]$ DUR+ ! PREVI\S =TNI<T4 ,BEG9N+ 9 ! EA/1 ! PEASANT 9SURRECTION SPREAD T[>DS ! S\?1 ! NOR? & ! C5T]2 IT ?REAT5$ TO BECOME G5]AL4 ,9 A FEW PLACES ! PEASANTS HAD ACT$ SAVAGELY T[>DS !IR MA/]S1 & ! NEWS :I* CAME 9 FROM ! PROV9CES EXAGG]AT$ :AT HAD HAPP5$4 ,! NOBLES ASC]TA9$ ) AL>M ?AT !RE WAS NOT ANY =CE ON ! SPOT CAPABLE ( *ECK+ ! RIOTS4 

,! SITT+ OP5$1 !RE=E1 ) ! READ+ ( A S*EME = ISSU+ A PROCLAMATION AGA9/ ! RIS+S4 ,! ,ASSEMBLY4 WAS 9VIT$ TO PRON\NCE AN 5]GETIC CONDEMNATION ( ! RIOT]S & TO COMM& MO/ EMPHATICALLY RESPECT = PROP]TY7 :E!R FEUDAL OR NOT1 :ILE WAIT+ = ! ,ASSEMBLY TO LEGISLATE ON ! MATT]4 

0 ,IT APPE>S ?AT PROP]TY1 ( NO MATT] :AT NATURE1 IS ! PREY ( ! MO/ CULPABLE BRIG&AGE10 SAID ! ,COMMITTEE ( ,9QUIRY4 0 ,ON ALL SIDES *ATEAUX >E BURNT1 CONV5TS DE/ROY$ & F>MS GIV5 OV] TO PILLAGE4 ,! TAXES & SEIGNORIAL DUES ALL >E DONE AWAY )4 ,! LAWS >E P[]LESS1 ! MAGI/RATES >E )\T AU?ORITY44440 ,& ! REPORT DEM&$ ?AT ! ,ASSEMBLY %\LD C5SURE SEV]ELY ! DI/URBANCES & DECL>E 0 ?AT ! OLD LAWS 7! FEUDAL LAWS7 W]E 9 EXI/5CE UNTIL ! AU?ORITY ( ! NATION HAD ABROGAT$ OR MODIFI$' !M1 ?AT ALL ! CU/OM>Y DUES & PAYM5TS %\LD BE PAID AS 9 ! PA/1 UNTIL IT %\LD HAVE BE5 ORDA9$ O!RWISE BY ! ,ASSEMBLY40 

0,!Y >E NOT BRIG&S :O DO ?AT10 EXCLAIM$ ! ,DUKE D',AIGUILLON1 09 SEV]AL PROV9CES ! :OLE ( ! PEOPLE HAVE 5T]$ 9TO A LEAGUE TO DE/ROY ! *ATEAUX TO RAVAGE ! L&S1 & ABOVE ALL TO GET POSSESSION ( ! RECORD-ROOMS :]E ! TITLE-DE$S ( ! FEUDAL PROP]TIES >E DEPOSIT$40 ,IT IS C]TA9LY NOT 5?USIASM ?AT SPEAKS H]E 3 IT IS MORE LIKE FE>4 #d 

,! ,ASSEMBLY PROCE$$ 9 CONSEQU5CE TO BEG ! ,K+ TO TAKE /R+5T MEASURES AGA9/ ! REBELLI\S PEASANTS4 ,?IS HAD ALREADY BE5 SPOK5 ( ! DAY BE=E1 ,AUGU/ #c4 ,BUT = SOME DAYS PA/ A C]TA9 NUMB] ( ! NOBILITY - A FEW MORE ADVANC$ 9 !IR IDEAS ?AN ! RE/ ( !IR CLASS1 & :O SAW MORE CLE>LY ALL ?AT WAS HAPP5+ 3 ! ,VISC\NT DE ,NOAILLES1 ! ,DUKE D',AIGUILLON1 ! ,DUKE DE ,LA ,RO*EF\CAULD1 ,ALEX&RE DE ,LAMOTTE & SOME O!RS-W]E SECRETLY CONSULT+ TOGE!R AS TO ! ATTITUDE TO BE TAK5 T[>DS ! JACQU]IE4 ,!Y HAD UND]/OOD ?AT ! ONLY MEANS ( SAV+ ! FEUDAL RI<TS WAS TO SACRIFICE ! HONOR>Y RI<TS & PR]OGATIVES ( LITTLE VALUE1 & TO DEM& ! R$EMPTION BY ! PEASANTS ( ! FEUDAL DUES ATTA*$ TO ! L& & HAV+ A REAL VALUE4 ,!Y COMMISSION$ ! ,DUKE D',AIGUILLON ) ! DEVELOPM5T ( !SE IDEAS1 & ?IS IS H[ IT WAS DONE BY ! ,VISC\NT DE ,NOAILLES & ! ,DUKE D',AIGUILLON4 

,EV] S9CE ! ,REVOLUTION BEGAN ! C\NTRY FOLK HAD DEM&$ ! ABOLITION ( ! FEUDAL RI<TS4#b ,AT ! PRES5T TIME1 SAID ! TWO SPOKESM5 ( ! LIB]AL NOBILITY1 ! RURAL DI/RICTS1 DISSATISFI$ ?AT NO?+ HAS BE5 DONE = !M DUR+ !SE ?REE MON?S1 >E 9 A /ATE ( REVOLT2 !Y >E NO LONG] UND] CONTROL1 & ! *OICE N[ LIES 0 BETWE5 ! DE/RUCTION ( SOCIETY & C]TA9 CONCESSIONS40 ,!SE CONCESSIONS W]E =MULAT$ BY ! ,VISC\NT DE ,NOAILLES ?US3 ,EQUALITY ( ALL P]SONS UND] TAXATION1 :I* %\LD BE PAID 9 PROPORTION TO ! 9COME2 AIL PUBLIC EXP5SES TO BE CONTRIBUT$ TO BY ALL2 0 ALL ! FEUDAL RI<TS TO BE R$EEM$ BY ! 7VILLAGE7 COMMUNES BY MEANS ( A YE>LY R5T 02 & LA/LY1 0! ABOLITION )\T R$EMPTION ( ! SEIGNORIAL /ATUTELAB\RS1 ( MORTMA9 & O!R K9DS ( P]SONAL S]VITUDE40 #c ,IT MU/ ALSO BE SAID ?AT = SOME TIME PA/ ! P]SONAL S]VICES HAD BE5 NO LONG] PAID BY ! PEASANTS4 ,WE HAVE V]Y CLE> EVID5CE ON ?AT HEAD FROM ! GOV]NORS ( ! PROV9CES4 ,AFT] ! REVOLT ( ,JULY IT WAS PLA9 ?AT !Y W\LD NEV] BE PAID AGA91 :E!R ! LORD R5\NC$ !M OR NOT4 

,!SE CONCESSIONS1 PROPOS$ BY ! ,VISC\NT DE ,NOAILLES1 W]E1 H[EV]1 CUT D[N1 BO? BY ! NOBLES & BY ! MIDDLE CLASS DEPUTIES1 ( :OM A GREAT NUMB] POSSESS$ L&$ PROP]TY COMPRIS+ FEUDAL RI<TS4 ,! ,DUKE D',AIGUILLON1 :O FOLL[$ DE ,NOAILLES 9 ! TRIBUNE1 & :OM ! ABOVE1 M5TION$ NOBLES HAD *OS5 AS !IR SPOKESMAN1 SPOKE ( ! PEASANTS ) SYMPA?Y2 HE EXCUS$ !IR 9SURRECTION1 BUT HIS CONCLUSION WAS ?AT 0 ! B>B>\S REMNANTS ( ! FEUDAL LAWS :I* /ILL EXI/ 9 ,FRANCE >E-!RE IS NO NE$ = DISSIMULATION- A SPECIES ( PROP]TY1 & ALL PROP]TY IS SACR$401 0,EQUITY10 SAID HE1 0 =BIDS US TO EXACT ! R5UNCIATION ( ANY PROP]TY )\T GRANT+ A JU/ 9DEMNITY TO ! [N]40 ,HE ALSO S(T5$ D[N "9! ,VISC\NT DE ,NOAILLES' PHRASE AB\T ! TAXES1 BY SAY+ ?AT ALL CITIZ5S %\LD CONTRIBUTE 0 9 PROPORTION TION TO !IR MEANS40 ,& AS TO ! FEUDAL RI<TS1 HE DEM&$ ?AT ALL !SE RI<TS-! P]SONAL RI<TS AS WELL AS ! O!RS MI<T BE R$EEM$ BY ! VASSALS 0 IF !Y SO DESIR$10 ! COMP5SATION BE+ 0 AU D5I] #c0 - ?AT IS1 ?IRTY TIMES ! ANNUAL PAYM5T4 ,?IS WAS TO MAKE R$EMPTION A %AM1 BECAUSE = L& R5TS IT WAS HEAVY 5\< AT TW5TY-FIVE YE>S1 & 9 BUS9ESS TRANSACTIONS R5T IS G5]ALLY RECKON$ AT TW5TY1 OR EV5 SEV5TE54 

,!SE TWO SPEE*ES W]E RECEIV$ BY ! G5TLEM5 ( ! ,?IRD ,E/ATE ) 5?USIASM1 & !Y HAVE COME D[N TO PO/]ITY AS SUBLIME ACTS ( ABNEGATION ON ! P>T ( ! NOBILITY1 :ILE 9 REALITV ! ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY1 :I* FOLL[$ ! PROGRAM LAID D[N BY ! ,DUKE D',AIGUILLON1 CREAT$ !REBY ! V]Y CONDITIONS ( ! T]RIBLE /RUGGLE :I* LAT] ON /EEP$ ! ,REVOLUTION 9 BLOOD4 ,! FEW PEASANTS :O W]E 9 ?IS ,ASSEMBLY DID NOT SPEAK1 & NOBODY CALL$ ATT5TION TO ! SMALL VALUE ( ! 0R5UNCIATIONS0 ( ! NOBLES4 ,AS TO ! MASS ( ! DEPUTIES ( ! ,?IRD ,E/ATE1 :O W]E CITY M5 = ! MO/ P>T1 & !RE=E PROBABLY HAD ONLY A V]Y VAGUE IDEA AB\T ! FEUDAL RI<TS AS A :OLE1 AS WELL AS AB\T ! SIGNIFICANCE ( ! PEASANT RIS+1 9 !IR EYES1 TO R5\NCE ! FEUDAL RI<TS1 EV5 ON T]MS ( R$EMPTION1 WAS TO MAKE A SUBLIME SACRIFICE TO ! ,REVOLUTION4 

,LE ,GU5 DE ,K]ANGALL1 A ,BRETON DEPUTY1 0DRESS$ AS A PEASANT10 !N UTT]$ SOME BEAUTIFUL & MOV+ WORDS4 ,!SE WORDS1 :5 HE SPOKE ( ! 0 9FAM\S P>*M5TS 0 ':I* REGI/]$ ! OBLIGATIONS ( P]SONAL S]VITUDE1 SURVIVALS ( S]FDOM1 MADE1 & /ILL MAKE1 HE>TS ?ROB4 ,BUT HE1 TOO1 DID NOT SPEAK AGA9/ A R$EMPTION ( ALL ! FEUDAL RI<TS1 9CLUD+ ?OSE SAME 09FAM\S 0 S]VICES1 IMPOS$ 0 9 TIMES ( D>KNESS & IGNORANCE10 ! 9JU/ICE ( :I* HE SO ELOQU5TLY D5\NC$4 

,IT IS C]TA9 ?AT ! SPECTACLE PRES5T$ BY ! ,ASSEMBLY' DUR+ ?AT NI<T MU/ HAVE BE5 F9E REPRES5TATIVES ( ! NOBILITY & CL]GY COM+ =W>D TO REL9QUI% ! PRIVILEGES !Y HAD EX]CIS$ )\T QUE/ION = C5TURIES4 ,! ACTION & ! WORD W]E MAGNIFIC5T :5 ! NOBLES ROSE TO R5\NCE !IR PRIVILEGES 9 ! MATT] ( TAXES1 & ! PRIE/S TO R5\NCE !IR TI!S1 ! POORE/ CURATES AMONG !M GIV+ UP ! CASUEL1 ! GREATE/ LORDS GIV+ UP !IR C\RTS ( MANORIAL ! HUNT+ RI<TS1 ASK+ JU/ICE1 & ALL ( !M REL9QUI%+ = ! SUPPRESSION ( ! PIGEON-H\SES1 :I* HAD BE5 SU* A PLAGUE TO ! PEASANTS4 ,IT WAS F9E TO SEE1 ALSO1 :OLE PROV9CES R5\NC+ PRIVILEGES :I* HAD CREAT$ = !M AN EXCEPTIONAL POSITION 9 ! K+DOM4 ,! CATEGORY ( PAYS D'ETATS 5D[$ ) SPECIAL RI<TS WAS ?US SUPPRESS$1 & ! PRIVILEGES ( ! T[NS1 SEV]AL ( :I* HELD FEUDAL RI<TS OV] ! NEI<BOR+ C\NTRY1 W]E ABOLI%$4 ,! REPRES5TATIVES ( ! ,DAUPH9E 7:]E1 AS WE HAVE SE51 ! RIS+ HAD BE5 /RONG & WIDESPREAD7 HAV+ L$ ! WAY = ! ABOLITION ( PROV9CIAL DI/9CTIONS1 ! O!RS FOLL[$ !M4 

,ALL ! EYE-WITNESSES ( ?IS MEMORABLE SITT+ HAVE GIV5 GL[+ DESCRIPTIONS ( IT4 ,:5 ! NOBILITY ACCEPT$ 9 PR9CIPLE ! R$EMPTION ( ! FEUDAL RI<TS1 ! CL]GY W]E CALL$ UPON TO DECL>E !MSELVES4 ,!Y ACCEPT$ FULLY ! R$EMPTION ( ! ECCLESIA/ICAL FEUDALITIES ON ! CONDITION ?AT ! PRICE ( R$EMPTION %\LD NOT CREATE P]SONAL =TUNES AMONG ! CL]GY1 BUT ?AT ! :OLE %\LD BE EMPLOY$ 9 WORKS ( G5]AL UTILITY4 ,A BI%OP !N SPOKE AB\T ! 9JURIES DONE 9 ! PEASANTS1 FIELDS BY ! PACKS ( H\NDS KEPT BY ! LORDS1 & DEM&$ ! ABOLITION ( ! HUNT+ PRIVILEGES1 AN IMM$IATELY ! NOBILITY GAVE !IR ASS5T BY A L\D & IMPASSION$ %\T4 ,! 5?USIASM REA*$ A V]Y HI< PIT* DUR+ ! SITT+41 & :5 ! ,ASSEMBLY SEP>AT$ AT TWO O'CLOCK 9 ! MORN+1 EV]Y ONE FELT ?AT ! F\NDATIONS ( A NEW SOCIETY HAD BE5 LAID4 

,IT W\LD NOT BE FAIR TO TRY TO DIM9I% ! IMPORTANCE ( ?AT NI<T4 ,5?USIASM ( ?IS K9D IS NE$$ TO PU% ON EV5TS44 ,IT WILL BE NE$$ AGA9 :5 A ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION COMES4 ,9 A REVOLUTION 5?USIASM MU/ BE PROVOK$1 & WORDS :I* MAKE HE>TS VIBRATE MU/ BE PRON\NC$4 ,! FACT ?AT ! NOBILITY1 ! CL]GY & ! PRIVILEG$ P]SONS ( EV]Y K9D HAD RECOGNIZ$ DUR+ ?AT NI<T'S SITT+ ! PROGRESS ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 ?AT !Y DECID$ TO SUBMIT TO IT 9/EAD ( TAK+ UP >MS AGA9/ IT-?IS FACT BY ITSELF WAS ALREADY A CONQUE/ ( ! HUMAN M9D4 ,IT WAS ALL ! GREAT] AS ! R5UNCIATION WAS MADE ) 5?USIASM4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT IT WAS DONE 9 ! LI<T ( ! BURN+ *ATEAUX1 BUT H[ MANY TIMES HAD ?AT SAME LI<T M]ELY PROVOK$ 9 ! PRIVILEG$ CLASSES AN OB/9ATE 91 RESI/ANCE1 & L$ TO HATR$ & MASSACRE6 ,?AT NI<T 9 ,AUGU/ ?OSE DI/ANT FLAMES 9SPIR$ O!R WORDS - WORDS ( SYMPA?Y = ! REBELS2 & O!R ACTS - ACTS ( CONCILIATION4 

,EV] S9CE ,JULY #a#d1 ! SPIRIT ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 BORN ( ! F]M5T :I* WAS WORK+ ?R\< ! :OLE ( ,FRANCE1 WAS HOV]+ OV] EV]Y?+ ?AT LIV$ & FELT1 & ?IS SPIRIT1 CREAT$ BY MILLIONS ( WILLS1 GAVE ! 9SPIRATION ?AT WE LACK 9 ORD9>Y TIMES4 

,BUT HAV+ PO9T$ \T ! EFFECTS ( ! 5?USIASM :I* ONLY A REVOLUTION C\LD 9SPIRE1 ! HI/ORIAN MU/ ALSO CONSID] CALMLY H[ F> ALL ?IS 5?USIASM DID ACTUALLY GO1 & :AT WAS ! LIMIT IT D>$ NOT PASS2 HE MU/ PO9T \T :AT IT GAVE ! PEOPLE & :AT IT REFUS$ TO GRANT !M4 

,WELL1 ?AT LIMIT CAN BE 9DICAT$ 9 V]Y FEW WORDS4 ,! ,ASSEMBLY ONLY SANCTION$ 9 PR9CIPLE & EXT5D$ TO ,FRANCE ALTOGE!R :AT ! PEOPLE HAD ACCOMPLI%$ !MSELVES 9 C]TA9 LOCALITIES4 ,IT W5T NO FUR!R4 

,WE HAVE SE5 :AT ! PEOPLE HAD ALREADY DONE 9 ,/RASB\RG & 9 SO MANY O!R T[NS4 ,!Y HAD COMPELL$ ALL ! CITIZ5S1 NOBLE & MIDDLE-CLASS1 TO %>E ! TAXATION1 & HAD PROCLAIM$ ! NECESSITY ( AN 9COME TAX-& ! ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY ACCEPT$ ?AT4 ,! PEOPLE HAD ABOLI%$ ALL HONOR>Y (FICES1 & ! NOBILITY AGRE$ TO R5\NCE ?OSE (FICES ON ',AUGU/ #d2 BY SO DO+1 !Y AGA9 ACCEPT$ A REVOLUTION>Y ACT4 ,! PEOPLE HAD ALSO ABOLI%$ ! MANORIAL C\RTS ( JU/ICE & APPO9T$ JUDGES BY ELECTION2 ! ,ASSEMBLY ACCEPT$ ?IS 9 ITS TURN4 ,F9ALLY1 ! PEOPLE HAD ABOLI%$ ! PRIVILEGES ( ! T[NS & ! PROV9CIAL TOLL-GATES - IT WAS ACTUALLY DONE 9 ! EA/]N PROV9CES-& N[ ! ,ASSEMBLY MADE A G5]AL PR9CIPLE ( A FACT ALREADY ACCOMPLI%$ 9 A P>T ( ! K+DOM4 

,= ! RURAL DI/RICTS ! CL]GY ADMITT$ 9 PR9CIPLE ?AT ! TI!S %\LD BE R$EEMABLE2 BUT 9 H[ MANY ,PLACES W]E ! PEOPLE PAY+ !M6 ,& :5 ! ,ASSEMBLY TRI$ AFT]W>DS TO EXACT PAYM5T UP TO #a#g#i#a1 IT HAD TO RESORT TO ?REATS ( EXECUTION TO COMPEL ! PEASANTS TO OBEY4 ,LET US REJOICE1 C]TA9LY1 ?AT ! CL]GY YIELD$ TO ! ABOLITION ( ! TI!S-UND] ! CONDITION ?AT !Y %\LD BE R$EEM$-BUT LET US ALSO SAY ?AT ! CL]GY W\LD HAVE DONE 9F9ITELY BETT] HAD '!Y NOT 9SI/$ ON R$EMPTION4 ,:AT /RUGGLES41 :AT HATR$S1 :AT BLOOD%$ HAD BE5 SP>$ IF !Y HAD GIV5 UP ! TI!S & HAD LEFT ! PAYM5T ( !IR SAL>IES TO ! NATION OR !IR P>I%ION]S4 ,AS TO ! FEUDAL RI<TS1 H[ MU* /RIFE W\LD HAVE BE5 AVOID$ IF ! ,ASSEMBLY1 9/EAD ( ACCEPT+ ! MOTION ( ! ,DUKE D',AIGUILLON1 HAD SIMPLY ADOPT$ ON ,AUGU/ #d1 #a<i ?AT ( ! ,VISC\NT DE ,NOAILLES1 :I* AFT] ALL WAS A V]Y MODE/ PROPOSAL 3 ! ABOLITION )\T 9DEMNITY ( ! P]SONAL DUES1 & R$EMPTION = ! R5TS ATTA*+ TO L&4 ,BUT1 TO >RIVE AT ?IS LATT] MEASURE1 9 #a#g#i#b1 H[ MU* BLOOD HAD TO FL[ DUR+ ?REE YE>S1 NOT TO M5TION ! SAVAGE /RUGGLES :I* HAD TO BE GONE ?R\< TO ATTA9 9 #agic ! TOTAL ABOLITION ( FEUD RI<TS )\T R$EMPTION8 

,BUT LET US = ! MOM5T DO AS ! M5 ( #a<i DID4 ,EVE ONE WAS FILL$ ) JOY AFT] ?AT SITT+4 ,EV]Y ONE CONGRATULAT$ !MSELVES UPON ?AT ,SA9T ,B>?OLOMEW ( FEUDAL ABUSES' :I* PROVES H[ IMPORTANT IT IS DUR+ A REVOLUTION TO RECOGNIZE1 OR AT LEA/ TO PROCLAIM1 A NEW PR9CIPLE4 ,C\RI]S W]E DISPAT*$ FROM ,P>IS1 C>RY+ ! GREAT NEWS TO EV]Y CORN] ( ,FRANCE3 0 ,ALL ! FEUDAL RI<TS >E ABOLI%$60 ,= WAS SO ?AT ! DECISIONS ( ! ,ASSEMBLY W]E UND]/OOD ! PEOPLE1 & IT WAS SO /AT$ 9 ! FIR/ >TICLE ( ! RESOLUTION ( ,AUGU/ #e4 ,ALL ! FEUDAL RI<TS >E ABOLI%$6 ,NO MORE TI!S6 ,NO MORE QUIT-R5TS6 ,NO MORE DUES ON ! SALES ( 9H]ITANCE1 NO MORE PAYM5TS 9 K9D1 NOR /ATUTE - LABORS1 NOR SUBSIDIES6 ,! GAME LAWS >E GONE6 ,DONE ) ! PIGEON-H\SES 3 ALL GAME IS H5CE=? FREE TO EV]YBODY6 ,!RE W]E TO BE NO MORE NOBLES1 NO PRIVILEG$ P]SONS ( ANY SORT 3 EV]Y ONE WAS EQUAL BE=E ! JUDGE ELECT$ BY ALL6 

,AT LEA/ ?IS WAS H[ ! NI<T ( ,AUGU/ #d WAS UND]/OOD 9 ! PROV9CES4 ,& BE=E ! RESOLUTIONS ( ,AUGU/ #e &' ,I,I HAD BE5 PUBLI%$1 BE=E ! L9E ( DEM>CATION BETWE5 :AT %\LD BE R$EEM$ & :AT %\LD DISAPPE> S9CE ?AT DAY HAD BE5 M>K$ \T-LONG BE=E ?OSE ACTS & R5UNCIATIONS HAD BE5 =MULAT$ 9TO P>AGRAPHS ( LAW1 MESS5G]S HAD ALREADY BR\<T ! GOOD NEWS TO ! PEASANT4 ,H5CE=?1 :E!R HE WAS %OT D[N OR NOT1 HE W\LD NO LONG] PAY ANY?+4 

,! PEASANT 9SURRECTION TOOK1 !RE=E1 A NEW =CE4 ,IT SPREAD ?R\< ! PROV9CES1 SU* AS ,BRITTANY1 :I* UNTIL !N HAD REMA9$ QUIET4 ,& IF ! L&[N]S DEM&$ PAYM5T ( ANY K9D ( DUES1 ! PEASANTS W5T TO !IR *ATEAUX & BURNT ALL ! RECORDS & L&-REGI/]S4 ,!Y DID NOT C>E TO SUBMIT TO ! DECREES ( ,AUGU/ & DI/+UI% BETWE5 R$EEMABLE RI<TS & ABOLI%$ RI<TS1 SAYS ,DU ,*ATELLI]4 #d ,EV]Y:]E1 ALL OV] ,FRANCE1 ! PIGEON-H\SES & GAME W]E DE/ROY$4 ,ID ! VILLAGES ! PEASANTS ATE !IR FILL !RE=E1 & !Y ALSO TOOK POSSESSION ( ?OSE L&S :I*1 ?\< =M]LY BELONG+ TO ! VILLAGE COMMUNITIES1 HAD BE5 SEIZ$ BY ! LORDS4 

,IT WAS !N ?AT 9 ! EA/ ( ,FRANCE ONE C\LD SEE :AT HAS HAPP5$ LAT] ON MORE OR LESS ALL OV] ,FRANCE-NAMELY1 ! MIDDLE CLASSES 9T]POS+ AGA9/ ! PEASANTS 9 FAVOR ( ! L&LORDS4 ,LIB]AL HI/ORIANS HAVE PASS$ ?IS BY 9 SIL5CE1 BUT IT IS A FACT ( ! HI<E/ IMPORTANCE = ! COMPREH5SION ( ! HI/ORY ( ! NEXT FEW YE>S4 

,WE HAVE SE5 ?AT ! PEASANT -RIS+ ATTA9$ ITS GREATE/ VIGOR 9 ! ,DAUPH9E & 9 EA/]N ,FRANCE G5]ALLY4 ,! RI* PEOPLE & ! LORDS FL$1 ,NECK] COMPLA9+ ?AT HE HAD TO FURNI% SIX ?\S& PASSPORTS TO ! RI*E/ 9HABITANTS 9 A =TNI<T4 ,SWITZ]L& WAS 9UNDAT$ ) !M4 ,BUT ! MIDDLE-CLASS PEOPLE :O REMA9$ >M$ !MSELVES & ORGANIZ$ !IR MILITIA1 & ! ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY SOON VOT$ A DRACONIAN MEASURE AGA9/ ! PEASANTS 7,AUGU/ #a74#e ,UND] ! PRETEXT ?AT ! 9SURRECTION WAS ! WORK ( BRIG&S1 IT AU?ORIZ$ ! MUNICIPALITIES TO CALL \T ! TROOPS1 TO DIS>M ALL M5 )\T PR(ESSION & )\T DOMICILE1 TO DISP]SE ! B&S & TO DEAL ) !M SUMM>ILY4 ,! MIDDLE CLASSES ( ! ,DAUPH9E PR(IT$ L>GELY BY !SE LAWS4 ,:5 B&S ( PEASANTS 9 REVOLT PASS$ ?R\< ,BURGUNDY1 BURN+ ! *ATEAUX1 ! MIDDLE-CLASS M5 9 ! T[NS & VILLAGES LEAGU$ !MSELVES AGA9/ !M4 ,ONE ( !SE B&S1 SAYS ! ,DEUX AMIS DE LA LIB]TE1 WAS DEFEAT$ AT ,CORMAT9 ON ,JULY #b#g1 :5 TW5TY W]E KILL$ & SIXTY TAK5 PRISON]S4 ,AT ,CLUNY !RE W]E A HUNDR$ KILL$ & ONE HUNDR$ & SIXTY PRISON]S4 ,! MUNICIPALITY ( ,MACON MADE W> 9 DUE =M UPON ! PEASANTS1 :O REFUS$ TO PAY ! TI!1 & !Y HANG$ TW5TY ( !M4 ,TWELVE PEASANTS W]E HANG$ AT ,D\AI2 AT ,LYONS ! MIDDLE CLASSES1 :ILE FI<T+ ! PEASANTS1 KILL$ EI<TY ( !M & TOOK SIXTY PRISON]S4 ,9 ! ,DAUPH9E ! ,PROVO/,M>%AL W5T ALL OV] ! C\NTRY HANG+ ! REBELLI\S PEASANTS4 #f ,9 ! ,R\]GUE1 ! T[N ( ,MILHAUD APPEAL$ TO ! NEI<BOR+ T[NS1 9VIT+ !M TO >M !MSELVES1 AGA9/ ! BRIG&S & ?OSE :O REFUS$ TO PAY ! TAXES4 

,9 %ORT1 WE SEE BY !SE SEV]AL ACTS1 ( :I* IT W\LD BE EASY TO 9CREASE ! LI/1 ?AT :]EV] ! RIS+ ( ! PEASANTS WAS ! MO/ VIOL5T1 !RE ! MIDDLE CLASSES UND]TOOK TO CRU% IT2 & !Y W\LD HAVE UND\BT$LY HELP$ CONSID]ABLY TO DO IT IF ! NEWS :I* CAME FROM ,P>IS AFT] ! NI<T ( ,AUGU/ #d HAD NOT GIV5 A NEW IMPETUS TO ! 9SURRECTION4 

,! PEASANT RIS+ APP>5TLY SLACK5$ ONLY 9 ,SEPTEMB]1 OR ,OCTOB]1 P]HAPS ON ACC\NT ( ! PL[+2 BUT 9 ,JANU>Y #agi WE LE>N1 FROM ! ACC\NT ( ! ,FEUDALISM ,COMMITTEE1 ?AT ! PEASANT 9SURRECTION HAD BEGUN AGA9 ) R5EW$ VIGOR1 PROBABLY BECAUSE ( ! CLAIMS = PAYM5T ,! PEASANTS W]E UNWILL+ TO SUBMIT TO ! DI/9CTION ML BY ! ,ASSEMBLY BETWE5 ! DUES ATTA*$ TO ! L& & P]SONAL S]VICES1 & !Y ROSE 9 ORD] ?AT !Y %\LD PAY NO?+ AT ALL4 

,WE %ALL RETURN TO ?IS V]Y IMPORTANT SUBJECT 9 ONE ( SUCCE$+ *APT]S4 

#a0 ,TO RAVAGE ! L&S0 W\LD PROBABLY MEAN ?AT 9 C]TA9 PLACES ! PEASANTS REAP$ ! H>VE/S BELONG+ TO ! LORDS :ILE !Y W]E YET GRE54 ,BESIDES1 IT WAS ! 5D ( ,JULY1 ! CORN WAS NE>LY RIPE1 & ! PEOPLE1 :O HAD NO?+ TO EAT1 CUT ! CORN BELONG+ TO ! LORDS4 

#b0 ,! M>KS ( TRANSPORT & EFFUSION ( G5]\S S5TIM5T :I* MADE ! PICTURE PRES5T$ BY ! ,ASSEMBLY MORE LIVELY & SPIRIT$ FROM H\R TO H\R1 SC>CELY LEFT TIME = COM+ TO SOME AGREEM5T OV] ! PRUD5TIAL MEASURES ?\<T ADVISABLE = C>RY+ 9TO EFFECT ?OSE B5EFIC5T PROJECTS1 :I* HAD BE5 VOT$ 9 SO MANY MEMORIALS ( BO? PROV9CIAL & P>O*IAL ASSEMBLIES-:]EV] ! CITIZ5S HAD BE5 ABLE TO MEET = ! LA/ EI<TE5 MON?S-AMID T\*+ EXPRESSIONS ( OP9ION & >D5T PROTE/ATIONS40 

#c0 ,ALL ! FEUDAL RI<TS W]E TO BE R$EEMABLE BY ! COMMUNES1 EI!R BY MONEY OR EX*ANGE10 SAID ! ,VISC\NT DE ,NOAILLES4 0 ,EV]Y ONE WILL BE SUBJECT TO ALL ! PUBLIC *>GES1 ALL ! ,/ATE *>GES 7SUBSIDES71 )\T ANY DI/9CTION10 SAID D',AIGUILLON4 0 ,I DEM& ! R$EMPTION = ! ECCLESIA/ICAL FUNDS10 SAID ,LAF>E1 ,BI%OP ( ,NANCY1 0 & ,I DEM& ?AT ! R$EMPTION BE NOT TURN$ TO ! PR(IT ( ! ECCLESIA/ICAL LORD1 BUT ?AT IT MAY BE 9VE/$ USEFULLY = ! POOR40 ,! ,BI%OP ( ,*>TRES DEM&$ ! ABOLITION ( ! GAME LAWS1 & R5\NC$ ?OSE RI<TS = HIS [N P>T4 ,:]EUPON BO? NOBLES & CL]GY RISE AT ! SAME TIME TO FOLL[ HIS EXAMPLE4 ,DE ,RI*] DEM&$ ,DOT ONLY ! ABOLITION ( ! MANORIAL C\RTS ( JU/ICE1 BUT ALSO ?AT JU/ICE %\LD BE DISP5S$ GRATUIT\SLY4 ,SEV]AL PRIE/S ASK$ ?AT !Y MI<T BE ALL[$ TO SACRIFICE !IR P]QUISITES 7CASUEL74 BUT ?AT A TAX 9 MONEY %\LD TAKE ! PLACE ( ! TI!4 

#d,HI/OIRE DE _/A ,REVOLUTION DANS LES DEP>TEM5TS DE ,PANCI5NE ,BRETAGNE1 #h VOLS41 VOL4 I4 ,P4 #d#b#b4  

#e,BU*EZ & ,R\X1 ,HI/OIRE P>LEM5TAIRE1 ,V,O,L II4 ,P4 #b#e#d4 

#f,AFT] ! DEFEAT ( TWO L>GE B&S ( PEASANTS1 ONE ( :I* ?REAT5$ TO ATTACK ! *ATEAUX ( ,CORMAT91 ! O!R ! T[N ( ,CLUNY1 & AFT] PUNI%M5TS ( A FRI<TFUL SEV]ITY HAD BE5 9FLICT$1 ! W> W5T ON1 BUT 9 A SCATT]$ WAY1 SAY ,BU*EZ & ,R\X4 EV] ! ,P]MAN5T ,COMMITTEE ( ,MACON ILLEGALLY CON/ITUT$ #a 9TO A TRIBUNAL1 BY ORD] ( :I* TW5TY ( !SE UNHAPPY PEASANTS W]E EXECUT$ = ! CRIME ( HUNG] & = HAV+ REBELL$ AGA9/ ! TI! & FEUDAL LAWS0 7,P4 #b#d#d74 ,EV]Y:]E ,W#a CLE>LY PROVOK$ BY ACTS ( M9OR IMPORTANCE1 BY DISPUTES ) LORD OR ! *APT] AB\T A MEAD[ OR A F\NTA91 & 9 ONE *ATEAUX TO :I* ! RI<TS ( PL5>Y JURISDICTION BELONG$1 SEV]AL VASSALS W]E HANG$ = M>AUD+ (F5SES1 @&C4 ,! PAMPHLETS ( ! TIME :I* ,BU*EZ & ,R\X CONSULT$1 SAY ?AT ! P>LEM5T 7! ,C\RT7 ( ,D\AI ORD]$ TWELVE LEAD]S ( B&S TO BE EXECUT$2 ! ,COMMITTEE ( ,ELECTORS 7MIDDLE-CLASS M57 AT ,LYONS S5T \T A FLY+ COLUMN ( VOLUNTE] ,NATIONAL ,GU>DS4 ,ONE CONTEMPOR>Y PAMPHLET /ATES ?AT ?IS LITTLE >MY 9 A S+LE 5GAGEM5T KILL$ EI<TY ( ! SO-CALL$ BRIG&S1 & TOOK SIXTY PRISON]S4 ,! ,PROVO/-,M>%AL ( ! ,DAUPH9E1 AT ! HEAD ( A BODY ( MIDDLE-CLASS MILITIA1 M>*$ ?R\< ! C\NTRY & EXECUT$ AS HE W5T 7,BU*EZ & ,R\X1 ,VOL4 II4 ,P4 #b#d#e74 

#g,C\RRI] ,P>ISI51 SITT+ ( ,AUGU/ #ai #a#g#h#i1 P4 #a#g#b#i4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aih 3 ,*APT] #ag -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #a#h1 #bag 3 ,*APT] #ag -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/