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#aiiaii 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,LIBR>Y & ,>*IVES ,CANADA1,C,C ,B,Y ,LIC5SE ,REORGANIZATION ( REPUBLICAN >MY -- ,HORRORS ( W> -- ,GIRONDI/ G5]ALS REPLAC$ -- ,! W> -- ,DIFFICULTIES ( REPUBLICANS -- ,CONDITION ( ,FRANCE -- ,HOPES ( ALLIES -- ,!IR SUCCESSES & DELAYS -- ,REPUBLICANS GA9 C\RAGE -- ,VICTORY OV] ,AU/RIANS -- ,SURR5D] ( ,LYONS -- ,T\LON RECAPTUR$ -- ,V5GEANCE ( REPUBLICANS 

,AFT] ! BETRAYAL ( ,DUM\RIEZ & ! >RE/ ( ! ,GIRONDI/ LEAD]S1 ! ,REPUBLIC HAD TO ACCOMPLI% ANEW ! 5TIRE WORK ( REORGANIZ+ ITS >MY ON A DEMOCRATIC BASIS1 & IT WAS NECESS>Y TO REELECT ALL ! SUP]IOR (FIC]S1 9 ORD] TO REPLACE ! ,GIRONDI/ & ROYALI/ G5]ALS BY ,JACOB9 REPUBLICANS4 

,! CONDITIONS UND] :I* ?IS GREAT *ANGE WAS ACCOMPLI%$1 W]E SO H>D ?AT ONLY ! GRIM 5]GY ( A NATION 9 REVOLUTION WAS CAPABLE ( BR++ IT TO ! DESIR$ 5D 9 FACE ( ! 9VASION1 ! 9T]NAL DISORD]S1 & ! UND]GR\ND WORK ( CONSPIRACIES :I* WAS BE+ C>RI$ ON ALL OV] ,FRANCE BY ! RI*1 = ! PURPOSE ( />V+ ! SANS-CULOTTE >MIES1 & H&+ !M OV] TO ! 5EMY4 ,= NE>LY EV]Y:]E ! ADM9I/RATION ( ! DEP>TM5TS & ! DI/RICTS HAD REMA9$ 9 ! H&S ( ! ,FEUILLANTS & ! ,GIROND9S1 & !Y DID !IR BE/ TO PREV5T AMMUNITION & PROVISIONS FROM REA*+ ! >MIES4 

,IT NE$$ ALL ! G5IUS ( ! ,REVOLUTION & ALL ! Y\?FUL AUDACITY ( A PEOPLE AWAK5$ FROM ITS LONG SLEEP1 ALL ! FAI? ( ! REVOLUTIONI/S 9 A FUTURE ( EQUALITY1 TO P]SI/1 9 ! ,TITANIC /RUGGLE :I* ! SANS-CULOTTES HAD TO C>RY ON AGA9/ ! 9VAD]S & ! TRAITORS4 ,BUT H[ MANY TIMES ! EXHAU/$ NATION WAS ON ! PO9T ( GIV+ 96 

,IF TO-DAY W> CAN RU9 & DEVA/ATE :OLE PROV9CES1 WE 

CAN GUESS :AT W]E ! RAVAGES ( W> A HUNDR$ & TW5TY YE>S AGO1 AMONG A POPULATION MU* POOR] !N4 ,9 ! DEP>TM5TS ADJO9+ ! SEAT ( ! W>1 ! H>VE/S W]E CUT1 MO/LY UNRIPE1 AS =AGE4 ,MO/ ( ! HORSES & O!R BEA/S ( BURD5 W]E PRESS$ 9TO S]VICE1 EI!R ON ! SPOT OR = ONE ( ! F\RTE5 >MIES ( ! ,REPUBLIC4 ,! SOLDI]S1 9 COMMON ) ! PEASANTS & ! POOR ( ! T[NS1 LACK$ BREAD4 ,BUT !Y LACK$ EV]Y?+ ELSE AS WELL4 ,9 ,BRITTANY & 9 ,ALSACE1 ! COMMISSION]S ( ! ,CONV5TION W]E DRIV5 TO ASK ! CITIZ5S ( C]TA9 T[NS1 SU* AS ,BRE/ OR ,/RASB\RG1 TO TAKE (F !IR BOOTS & %OES & TO S5D !M TO ! SOLDI]S4 ,ALL ! LEA!R ?AT C\LD BE OBTA9$ WAS REQUISITION$1 AS ALSO W]E ALL ! COBBL]S1 TO MAKE FOOTWE> BUT ?IS WAS /ILL 9SUFFICI5T1 & WOOD5 %OES HAD TO BE DI/RIBUT$ TO ! SOLDI]S4 ,WORSE ?AN ?IS1 IT BECAME IMP]ATIVE TO =M COMMITTEES TO REQUISITION FROM PRIVATE H\SES 0KIT*5 UT5SILS1 CAULDRONS1 FRY+PANS1 ,SAUCEPANS1 BUCKETS1 & O!R >TICLES ( BRASS & PEWT]1 & ALSO ANY PIECES ( BROK5 BRASS OR LEAD40 ,?IS WAS DONE 9 ! DI/RICTS ( ,/RASB\RG4 

,AT ,/RASB\RG1 ! COMMISSION]S ( ! ,CONV5TION & ! MUNICIPAL C\NCIL W]E OBLIG$ TO ASK ! 9HABITANTS = CLO!S1 /OCK+S1 BOOTS1 %IRTS1 B$-CLO!S1 & OLD L951 ) :I* TO CLO! ! RAGG$ VOLUNTE]S4 ,!Y HAD ALSO TO BEG = B$S 9 PRIVATE H\SES1 :]E ! W\ND$ MI<T BE NURS$4 

,BUT ALL ?IS WAS 9SUFFICI5T1 & FROM TIME TO TIME ! COMMISSION]S ( ! ,CONV5TION F\ND IT NECESS>Y TO RAISE HEAVY REVOLUTION>Y IMPOSITIONS1 :I* !Y LEVI$ *IEFLY FROM ! RI*4 ,?IS WAS ESPECIALLY ! CASE 9 ,ALSACE1 :]E ! GREAT L&[N]S W\LD NOT GIVE UP !IR FEUDAL RI<TS1 9 DEF5SE ( :I* ,AU/RIA HAD TAK5 UP >MS4 ,9 ! ,S\?1 AT ,N>BONNE1 ONE ( ! MEMB]S ( ! ,CONV5TION WAS DRIV5 TO DEM& ! S]VICES ( ALL ! M5 & WOM5 ( ! T[N TO UNLOAD ! B>GES & LOAD ! C>TS :I* W]E TO TRANSPORT PROVISIONS = ! >MY4#a 

,LITTLE BY LITTLE1 H[EV]1 ! >MY WAS REORGANIZ$4 ,GIRONDI/ G5]ALS W]E ELIM9AT$2 Y\NG] M5 REPLAC$ !M4 ,EV]Y:]E APPE>$ NEW M51 = :OM W> HAD NEV] BE5 A TRADE1 & :O CAME 9TO ! >MY ) ALL ! >DOR ( ! CITIZ5S ( A NATION DEEPLY /IRR$ BY REVOLUTION4 ,!Y SOON CREAT$1 TOO1 NEW TACTICS1 :I* W]E LAT] ATTRIBUT$ TO ,NAPOLEON ,BONAP>TE1 ! TACTICS ( RAPID M>*ES1 & ( GREAT MASSES CRU%+ ! 5EMY 9 ITS SEP>ATE >MIES1 BE=E !Y HAD TIME TO EFFECT A JUNCTION4 

,MIS]ABLY CLO!D1 (T5 9 RAGS & B>EFOOT1 V]Y (T5 HUNGRY1 BUT 9SPIR$ ) ! HOLY FLAME ( ! ,REVOLUTION ( ,EQUALITY1 ! VOLUNTE]S ( #agic W]E VICTORI\S :]E DEFEAT HAD SEEM$ C]TA94 

,AT ! SAME TIME ! COMMISSION]S ( ! ,CONV5TION DISPLAY$ FI]CE 5]GY 9 F9D+ ! MEANS TO FE$1 CLO! & MOVE ! >MIES4 ,= ! GREAT] P>T1 EQUALITY WAS !IR PR9CIPLE4 ,NO D\BT !RE W]E AMONG !SE COMMISSION]S SOME BLACK %EEP1 LIKE ,CAMBAC]ES1 A FUTURE DIGNIT>Y1 UND] ,NAPOLEON4 ,!RE W]E A FEW FOOLS :O SURR\ND$ !MSELVES ) DISPLAY1 SU* AS BECAME LAT] ! UNDO+ ( ,BONAP>TE1 & !RE W]E ALSO A FEW NOT ABOVE BRIBES4 ,BUT ALL !SE W]E V]Y R>E EXCEPTIONS4 ,NE>LY ALL ! TWO HUNDR$ COMMISSION]S HONE/LY %>$ ! H>D%IPS & ! DANG]S ) ! SOLDI]S4 

,!SE EF=TS BR\<T SUCCESS1 & AFT] A V]Y D>K P]IOD ( REV]SES 9 ,AUGU/ & ,SEPTEMB]1 ! REPUBLICAN >MIES GA9$ ! UPP] H&4 ,! TIDE ( ! 9VASION WAS /EMM$ 9 ! BEG9N+ ( ! AUTUMN4 

,9 ,JUNE1 AFT] ! TREA*]Y ( ,DUM\RIEZ1 ! >MY ( ! ,NOR? WAS COMPLETELY DISORGANIZ$--ITS G5]ALS BE+ READY TO FI<T EA* O!R--& IT HAD AGA9/ IT F\R >MIES REPRES5T+ A TOTAL ( #a#a#h1 M51 ,5GLI%1 ,AU/RIANS1 ,HANOV]IANS & ,DUT*4 ,=C$ ALSO TO AB&ON ITS 5TR5*$ CAMP1 & TO TAKE REFUGE BEH9D ! ,S>PE1 LEAV+ ! =TRESSES ( 

,VAL5CI5NES & ,CONDE 9 ! H&S ( ! 5EMY1 ?IS >MY HAD LEFT OP5 ! ROAD TO ,P>IS4 

,! TWO >MIES :I* DEF5D$ ! ,MOSELLE & ! ,RH9E NUMB]$ #f1 FI<T+ M51 & !Y HAD AGA9/ #h#c1 ,PRUSSIANS & ,AU/RIANS1 TOGE!R ) A CAVALRY ( AB\T #f EMIGRES4 ,CU/9E1 :OSE DEVOTION TO ! ,REPUBLIC WAS V]Y D\BTFUL1 AB&ON$ ! POSITIONS TAK5 9 #a#g#i#b1 & ALL[$ ! ,G]MANS TO OCCUPY ! =TRESS ( ,MAY5CE1 ON ! ,RH9E4 

,9 ,SAVOY & NE> ,NICE1 :]E #d1 ,PI$MONTESE1 SUPPORT$ #h ,AU/RIANS1 HAD TO BE HEAD$ (F1 !RE WAS ONLY ! P9E ,>MY & ! ,>MY ( ! ,M>ITIME ,ALPS1 BO? COMPLETELY DEPRIV$ ( ALL MEANS ( TRANSPORT1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ! ROYALI/ RIS+S 9 ! ,=EZ1 AT ,LYONS1 & 9 ,PROV5CE4 

,9 ! ,PYR5EES1 #b#c1 ,SPANI>DS 5T]$ ,FRANCE1 & W]E OPPOS$ BY ONLY #a1 M51 :O HAD NO CANNON & NO PROVISIONS4 ,) ! HELP ( ! EMIGRES1 ?IS ,SPANI% >MY TOOK SEV]AL =TS1 & ?REAT5$ ! :OLE ( ! ,R\SSILLON REGION4 

,AS TO ,5GL&1 %E 9AUGURAT$ 9 #agic ! POLICY :I* WAS FOLL[$ LAT] ON DUR+ ! ,NAPOLEONIC W>S4 ,)\T COM+ =W>D TOO MU* H]SELF1 %E PREF]R$ TO SUBSIDIZE ! ALLI$ ,P[]S & TO PR(IT BY ! WEAKNESS ( ,FRANCE TAK+ H] COLONIES & RU9+ H] M>ITIME COMM]CE4 ,JUNE #a#g#i#c1 ! ,5GLI% ,GOV]NM5T DECL>$ ! BLOCKADE ALL ! ,FR5* PORTS1 & ,5GLI% VESSELS1 CONTR>Y TO ! CU/OM ( 9T]NATIONAL LAW ( ?OSE DAYS1 BEGAN TO SEIZE ALL NEUTRAL VESSELS BR++ PROVISIONS TO ,FRANCE4 ,AT ! SAME TIME ,5GL& HELP$ ! EMIGRES1 SMUGGL$ 9 >MS & BUNDLES ( PROCLAMATIONS TO /IR UP ,BRITTANY & ,LA ,V5DEE1 & PREP>$ TO SEIZE ! PORTS ( ,SA9T-,MALO1 ,BRE/1 ,NANTES1 ,BORDEAUX & ,T\LON4 

,! 9T]IOR AFFAIRS ( ,FRANCE W]E NO BETT]4 ,BRITTANY WAS 9 A F]M5T ?R\< ! 9TRIGUES ( ! EMIGRES & ! AG5TS ( ,5GL&4 ,9 ,LA ,V5DEE1 A HUNDR$ ?\S& PEASANTS1 9FLU5C$ TO FANATICISM1 W]E 9 OP5 REVOLT4 ,9 ! GREAT COMM]CIAL CITIES1 SU* AS ,NANTES1 ,BORDEAUX & ,M>SEILLES1 ! MIDDLE CLASSES W]E 9FURIAT$ BECAUSE !IR 

BUS9ESS AFFAIRS HAD BE5 BR\<T TO A /&/ILL4 ,LYONS & ,PROV5CE W]E 9 ! FULL SW+ ( AN 9SURRECTION4 ,9 ! ,=EZ ! CL]GY & ! EMIGR@&EACUTES W]E BUSY S[+ DISCORD & 9 ,P>IS ITSELF ALL :O HAD GR[N RI* S9CE #a#g#h#i1 IMPATI5T TO SEE ! 5D ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 W]E PREP>+ A FI]CE ATTACK UPON IT4 

,UND] !SE CONDITIONS1 ! ALLIES FELT SO C]TA9 ( BE+ ABLE SOON TO REE/ABLI% ROYALTY1 & ( PLAC+ ,L\IS ,X,V,I,I ON ! ?RONE1 ?AT !Y CONSID]$ IT A QUE/ION ( BUT A FEW WEEKS4 ,F]S51 ! CONFIDANT ( ,M>IE-,ANTO9ETTE1 WAS ALREADY DISCUSS+ ) HIS FRI5DS ( :OM %\LD ! ,C\NCIL ,REG5CY BE COMPOS$1 :IL/ ! S*EME = PLAC+ ! ,C\NT D',>TOIS AT ! HEAD ( ! MALCONT5TS 9 ,BRITTANY WAS AGRE$ UPON BETWE5 ,5GL&1 ,SPA9 & ,RUSSIA4#b 

,IF ! ALLIES HAD ONLY M>*$ /RAI<T AGA9/ ,P>IS1 !Y W\LD C]TA9LY HAVE R$UC$ ! ,REVOLUTION TO S]I\S /AI<TS4 ,BUT EI!R FROM ! FE> ( A NEW ,SEPTEMB] #b1 OR BECAUSE !Y PREF]R$ ! POSSESSION ( ! =TRESSES WON FROM ,FRANCE TO A SIEGE ( ,P>IS1 !Y *OSE TO /OP 9 !IR ADVANCE TO TAKE ,VAL5CI5NES & ,MAY5CE4 

,H[EV]1 ,MAY5CE F\<T1 & SURR5D]$ ONLY ON ,JULY #b#b4 ,! =TRESS ( ,CONDE HAD SURR5D]$ A FEW DAYS E>LI]1 AFT] HOLD+ \T = F\R MON?S2 & ON ,JULY #bf ,VAL5CI5NES1 AFT] AN ASSAULT ( ! ALLIES1 CAPITULAT$ 9 ITS TURN AMID ! APPLAUSE ( ! B\RGEOISIE :O1 DUR+ ! SIEGE1 HAD BE5 9 CLOSE COMMUNICATION ) ! ,DUKE ( ,YORK4 ,AU/RIA TOOK POSSESSION ( !SE TWO =TIFI$ T[NS4 

,9 ! ,NOR?1 ! ROAD TO ,P>IS WAS OP5 S9CE ,AUGU/ #a1 #a#g#i#c1 & ! ALLIES HAD MORE ?AN #c1 M5 9 ALL BETWE5 ,O/5D & ,BALE4 ,:AT WAS IT !N ?AT ONCE AGA9 HELD BACK ! ALLIES & PREV5T$ !M FROM M>*+ AGA9/ ,P>IS1 TO DELIV] ,M>IE-,ANTO9ETTE & ! ,DAUPH98 ,WAS IT REALLY ! DESIRE ONLY TO TAKE FIR/ ?OSE =TRESSES :I* W\LD REMA9 !IRS1 :ATEV] MI<T HAPP5 9 ,FRANCE8 ,WAS IT ! FE> ( ! FI]CE RESI/ANCE :I* ,REPUBLICAN ,FRANCE MI<T (F]8 ,OR WAS IT--& ?IS SEEMS TO US ! MO/ 

PROBABLE--CONSID]ATIONS ( A DIPLOMATIC NATURE8 ,AS ! DOCUM5TS :I* MI<T ?R[ LI<T ON ! ,FR5* DIPLOMACY ?IS P]IOD >E NOT YET PUBLI%$1 WE >E R$UC$ TO CONJECTURES4 ,WE KN[1 H[EV]1 ?AT DUR+ ! SUMM] & AUTUMN ( #a#g#i#c1 ! ,COMMITTEE = ,PUBLIC ,WELF>E WAS TREAT+ ) ,AU/RIA AB\T ! LIB]ATION ( ,M>IE-,ANTO9ETTE1 ! ,DAUPH9 & HIS SI/]1 & !IR AUNT1 ,MADAME ,ELISABE?4 ,& WE KN[ ALSO ?AT ,DANTON C>RI$ ON SECRET NEGOTIATIONS ) ! ,5GLI% ,:IGS TILL #a#g#i#d1 TO /OP ! W> ) ,5GL&4 ,FROM DAY TO DAY PEOPLE W]E EXPECT+ 9 ,5GL& TO SEE ! LEAD] ( ! ,:IGS1 OV]?R[ ,PITT1 ! ,TORY LEAD]1 /EP 9TO P[]2 & TWICE--AT ! 5D ( ,JANU>Y #agid DUR+ ! DISCUSSION ( ! ANSW] TO ! SPEE* FROM ! ?RONE1 & ON ,M>* #a#f1 #a#g#i#d--IT WAS HOP$ ?AT ! ,5GLI% ,P>LIAM5T W\LD DECL>E ITSELF AGA9/ A W> ) ,FRANCE4#c 

,AT ANY RATE1 ! FACT REMA9S1 ?AT AFT] !IR FIR/ SUCCESSES1 ALLIES DID NOT M>* AGA9/ ,P>IS1 BUT BEGAN TO BESIEGE =TRESSES4 ,! ,DUKE ( ,YORK BEGAN ! SIEGE ( ,DUNKIRK & ! ,DUKE ( ,COBURG BESIEG$ ,LE ,QUESNOY4 

,?IS GAVE A MOM5T ( RESPITE TO ! ,REPUBLIC1 & ALL[$ ,B\*OOTE1 ! ,M9I/] ( ,W> :O HAD SUCCE$$ ,PA*E1 TIME TO REORGANIZE ! >MY :I* HAD BE5 RE9=C$ BY A ( #f1 M51 & TO F9D REPUBLICAN (FIC]S = IT4 ,C>NOT1 AT ! SAME TIME1 9 ! ,COMMITTEE ( ,PUBLIC ,WELF>E1 TRI$ TO MAKE ! G5]ALS ACT TOGE!R ) MORE ACCORD1 :ILE ! COMMISSION]S ( ! ,CONV5TION C>RI$ ! FLAME ! ,REVOLUTION TO ! >MIES4 

,?US PASS$ ! MON? ( ,AUGU/1 DUR+ :I* ! REV]SES FRONTI] & 9 ,LA ,V5DEE REVIV$ ! HOPES ( ! ROYALI/S & FILL$ ) DESPAIR A GOOD MANY ( ! REPUBLICANS4 ,H[EV]1 FROM ! FIR/ DAYS ( ,SEPTEMB] #a#g#i#c1 ! >MIES ! ,REPUBLIC1 SPURR$ BY PUBLIC OP9ION1 TOOK ! (F5SIVE 9 ! ,NOR?1 ON ! ,RH9E1 & 9 ! ,PYR5EES4 ,?IS NEW MOVE WAS CR[N$ ) SUCCESS 9 ! ,NOR?1 :]E ! ,DUKE ( ,YORK1 FURI\SLY ATTACK$ BY ! ,FR5* AT ,HONDS*OOTE1 

WAS =C$ TO AB&ON ! SIEGE ( ,DUNKIRK2 BUT ELSE:]E ! RESULTS W]E = ! TIME 9DECISIVE4 

,! ,COMMITTEE ( ,PUBLIC ,WELF>E AT ONCE TOOK ADVANTAGE ( ! FIR/ MILIT>Y SUCCESSES TO DEM& & OBTA9 FROM ! ,CONV5TION ALMO/ DICTATORIAL P[]S--TO BE RETA9$ 0AS LONG AS PEACE IS NOT CONCLUD$40 ,BUT :AT HELP$ MO/ 9 >RE/+ ! ADVANCE ( ! 9VASION WAS ?AT1 SEE+ EV]Y:]E :]E NEW LEAD]S1 OP5LY REPUBLICAN1 RISE FROM ! RANKS1 & REA* ! HI<E/ POSITIONS 9 A FEW DAYS1 & SEE+ ALSO ! COMMISSION]S ( ! ,CONV5TION M>*+ !MSELVES SWORD 9 H& AT ! HEADS ( ATTACK+ COLUMNS1 ! SOLDI]S W]E 9SPIR$ ) FRE% C\RAGE & A*IEV$ WOND]S ( VALOR4 

,ON ,OCTOB] #ae & #a#f1 9 SPITE ( V]Y HEAVY LOSSES1 !Y GA9$ AT ,WATTIGNIES ! FIR/ GREAT VICTORY OV] ! ,AU/RIANS4 ,?IS VICTORY WAS WON1 WE MAY SAY LIT]ALLY1 BY ! BAYONET1 = ! VILLAGE ( ,WATTIGNIES *ANG$ H&S AS (T5 AS EI<T TIMES DUR+ ! BATTLE4 ,AS A RESULT ( ?IS DEFEAT1 ! ,AU/RIANS RAIS$ ! SIEGE ( ,MAUBEUGE1 & ! VICTORY WON AT ,WATTIGNIES HAD ! SAME 9FLU5CE ON ! C\RSE ( EV5TS AS ! VICTORY ( ,VALMY HAD HAD 9 #a#g#i#b4 

,LYONS1 AS WE SAW1 WAS =C$ TO SURR5D] 9 ,OCTOB]1 & 9 ,DECEMB] ,T\LON WAS RETAK5 FROM ! ,5GLI%1 AFT] AN ASSAULT :I* WAS BEGUN ON ! #h? ,FRIMAIRE ( ! ,YE> ,I,I4 7,NOVEMB] #b#h1 #a#g#i#c71 & LA/$ TILL ! #b#f? ,FRIMAIRE 7,DECEMB] #a#f71 :5 ! 0,5GLI% R$\BT0 & ! =TS ( ,EGUILLETTE & ( ,BALAGNI] W]E TAK5 BY ASSAULT4 ,! ,5GLI% SQUADRON SET FIRE TO ! ,FR5* VESSELS H>BOR$ 9 ! PORT1 AS WELL AS TO ! >S5ALS1 ! DOCKS & ! P[D] MAGAZ9ES &1 LEAV+ ! ROAD/EAD1 AB&ON$ ! ROYALI/S1 :O HAD DELIV]$ ,T\LON TO !M1 TO ! V5GEANCE ,( ! REPUBLICANS4 

,UNHAPPILY ?IS V5GEANCE WAS T]RIBLE1 & LEFT DEEP TRACES ( HATR$ 9 MANY HE>TS4 ,ONE HUNDR$ & FIFTY P]SONS1 MO/LY NAVAL (FIC]S1 W]E %OT 9 BAT*ES1 AFT] :I* CAME ! DETAIL$ V5GEANCE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y C\RTS4 

,9 ,ALSACE & ON ! ,RH9E1 :]E ! >MIES ( ! ,REPUBLIC HAD TO FI<T ! ,PRUSSIANS & ! ,AU/RIANS1 !Y W]E =C$ 

FROM ! BEG9N+ ( ! YE>'S CAMPAIGN TO AB&ON !IR L9E ( DEF5SE R\ND ,WISS]NBURG4 ,?IS OP5$ ! ROAD TO ,/RASB\RG1 :]E ! B\RGROISIE WAS CALL+ ON ! ,AU/RIANS & PRESS+ !M TO COME & TAKE POSSESSION ( ! T[N 9 ! NAME ( ,L\IS ,X,V,I,I4 ,BUT ! ,AU/RIANS HAD NO DESIRE TO /R5G!N ROYALTY 9 ,FRANCE1 & ?IS GAVE TIME TO ,HO*E & ,PI*EGRUE1 AID$ BY ,SA9T-,JU/ & ,LE ,BAS1 :O REPRES5T$ ! ,CONV5TION1 TO REORGANIZE ! >MY & TAKE ! (F5SIVE !MSELVES4 

,H[EV]1 W9T] WAS ALREADY APPROA*+1 & ! CAMPAIGN ( #agic 5D$1 )\T !RE BE+ ANY NEW SUCCESSES TO RECORD ON EI!R SIDE4 ,! ,AU/RIAN1 ,PRUSSIAN1 ,HESSIAN1 ,DUT*1 ,PI$MONTESE & ,SPANI% >MIES REMA9$ ON ! ,FR5* FRONTI]S1 BUT ! 5]GY ( ! ALLIES WAS SP5T4 ,PRUSSIA EV5 WI%$ TO RETIRE FROM ! ALLIANCE2 & ,5GL& HAD TO B9D H]SELF AT ,! ,HAGUE 7,APRIL #b#h1 #a#g#i#d7 TO PAY ! ,PRUSSIAN ,K+ A SUM ,( #g1#e1 FRANCS1 & TO S5D 9 A YE>LY CONTRIBUTION ( #a1#b#e1 FRANCS1 BE=E ,PRUSSIA W\LD AGREE TO MA9TA9 AN >MY ( #f#b1#d M5 TO FI<T ,FRANCE4 

,! FOLL[+ SPR+1 !RE=E1 ! W> WAS TO RECOMM5CE BUT ! ,REPUBLIC C\LD N[ /RUGGLE UND] F> MORE FAVORABLE CONDITIONS ?AN 9 #agib & #a#g#i#c4 ,?ANKS TO ! 5?USIASM ) :I* IT HAD 9SPIR$ ! POORE/ CLASSES1 ! ,REVOLUTION WAS FREE+ ITSELF LITTLE BY LITTLE FROM ?OSE EXT]NAL 5EMIES :O HAD S\<T TO CRU% IT4 ,BUT AT :AT A PRICE :5 WE CONSID] ! SACRIFICES ?IS 5TAIL$--! 9T]NAL CONVULSIONS1 HE ALI5ATION ( LIB]TY1 :I* 9 ! 5D KILL$ ?IS V]Y SAME ,REVOLUTION & DELIV]$ ,FRANCE UP TO ! DESPOTISM ( A MILIT>Y 0SAVIOR40 

#a,IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTE ?AT 9 SPITE ( ALL ?AT REACTION>Y HI/ORIANS MAY SAY AB\T ! ,T]ROR1 WE SEE BY ! >*IVES 9 ?IS CASE ?AT ! SANS-CULOTTES & A FEW1 Y\NG CITIZ5S W]E ! ONLY ONES :O ANSW]$ ?IS CALL ON !IR PATRIOTISM1 & ?AT 0NOT ONE SILK-/OCK+1 :E!R MAN OR WOMAN10 TURN$ UP ON ! QUAY ( ! CANAL4 ,AFT] :I*1 ! COMMISSION] LIMIT$ HIMSELF TO IMPOS+ ON ! RI* 0A PATRIOTIC GIFT0 = ! B5EFIT ( ! POOR4 

#b,LETT] TO ,B>ON DE ,/$9CK1 WRITT5 ON ,APRIL #b#f1 FROM ,/4 ,PET]SBURG4 

#c,G4 ,AV5EL1 ,LUNDIS REOVOLUTIONNAIRES1 P4 #b#d#e4 ,AV5EL EV5 ATTRIBUTES ! FALL ( ,DANTON TO ! FAILURE ( ?IS DIPLOMACY1 :I* HAD ALWAYS BE5 OPPOS$ BY ,ROBESPI]RE & ,B>]E4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aih 3 ,*APT] #ee -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #a#i1 #bag 3 ,*APT] #ee -- ,ADD$4 

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