,! ,HI/ORY ( ! ,LIFE ( ,WILLIAM ,PITT1 ,E>L ( ,*A?AM 

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,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,WILLIAM ,GODW9 

,TAGS 3 LORD *A?AM1 LORD C>T]ET1 LORD *A?AM'S1 LORD BUTE1 LORD NOR?1 GREAT BRITA91 PITT'S ADM9I/RATION1 PUBLIC BUS9ESS1 K+ GEORGE1 CONT95TAL W>4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY DUNCAN C1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE ,GODW91 ,WILLIAM 7#a#g#h#c74 ,! ,HI/ORY ( ! ,LIFE ( ,WILLIAM ,PITT1 ,E>L ( ,*A?AM4 ,LONDON3 ,PR9T$ = ! AU?OR1 & SOLD BY ,G4 ,KE>SLEY4 ,DUBL93 ,POTTS1 ,WILSON1 ,WALK] & ,BYRNE4 PP4 I - XVII4 

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,EXTRACTION & E>LY PUSUITS ( ,MR4 ,PITT4'--,TAKES HIS SEAT 9 ,P>LIAM5T4'--,ADM9I/RATION ( SIR ,ROB]T ,WALPOLE4'--,SPANI% CONV5TION4'--,ADM9I/RATION ( LORD ,C>T]ET4 

,PAGE #a 

,*,A,P4 ,I,I4 

,ADM9I/RATION ( ,MR4 ,PELHAM4'--,MR4 ,PITT APPO9T$ PAYMA/]-G5]AL4'--,HIS V]SATILITY4'--,ORIG9 ( ! W> ( #a#g#e#e4'--,DEA? ( ,MR4 ,PELHAM4'--9/ABILITY ( HIS SUCCESSORS1 ! DUKE ( ,NEWCA/LE1 & ,MR4 ,FOX4'--,MR4 ,PITT APPO9T$ ,SECRET>Y ( ,/ATE4'--,HE IS DISMISS$4 

,PAGE #ca 

.<VIII.> 

,*,A,P4 ,I,I,I4 

,COALITION ( P>TIES4'--,MR4 ,PITT'S ADM9I/RATION4'--,PROGRESS ( ! W>4'--,CAMPAIGN ( #a#g#e#i4'--,FRUITLESS NEGOCIATIONS ( PEACE4 

,PAGE #eg 

,*,A,P4 ,I,V4 

,ORIG9 ( ! W> ) ,SPA94'--,DEA? ( K+ ,GEORGE ! SECOND4'--,CABALS ( LORD ,BUTE4'--,MR4 ,PITT RESIGNS4'--,CRITIQUE ( HIS ADM9I/RATION4 

,PAGE #ha 

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,HI/ORY ( ! GREAT COMMON]4'--,ADM9I/RATION ( LORD ,BUTE4'--,CAMPAIGN ( #a#g#f#b4'--,PEACE ( ,P>IS4'--,MR4 ,GR5VILLE'S ADM9I/RATION4'--,ADM9I/RATION ( LORD ,ROCK+HAM4'--,AFFAIR ( G5]AL W>RANTS4'--,( ! /AMP ACT4 

,PAGE #ai 

,*,A,P4 ,V,I4 

,MR4 ,PITT BECOMES LORD PRIVY SEAL1 & E>L ( ,*A?AM4'--,HIS COADJUTORS 9 ADM9I/RATION4'--,MEASURES ( GOV]NM5T4'--,LORD ,*A?AM )DRAWS FROM PUBLIC BUS9ESS4'--,SY/EM ( ,AM]ICAN TAXATION R5EW$4'--,MIDDLESEX 

.<IX.> 

ELECTION4'--,E>LS ( ,%ELBURNE & ,*A?AM RESIGN4'--,SUBSEQU5T TRANSACTIONS4 

,PAGE #ad 

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,LORD ,*A?AM TAKES ! LEAD ( OPPOSITION4'--,APPO9TM5T ( LORD ,NOR?4'--,FALKL&'S ISL&S4'--,IMPRISONM5T ( ! LORD MAYOR4'--,9CROA*M5TS UPON ! ,EA/ ,9DIA COMPANY4'--,RIOT AT ,BO/ON4'--,P5AL ACTS ( P>LIAM5T4 

,PAGE #afg 

,*,A,P4 ,V,I,I,I4 

,MEET+ ( ! G5]AL CONGRESS4'--,LORD ,*A?AM'S CONCILIATORY PLAN4'--,CO]CIVE MEASURES PURSU$4'--,COMM5CEM5T ( ! W>4'--,DECL>ATION ( 9DEP5D5CY4'--,CAMPAIGN ( #a#g#g#f4'--,EXP$ITION FROM ,CANADA4 

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,*,A,P4 ,I,X4 

,F\R? SESSION ( ! ?IRD P>LIAM5T ( ,GEORGE ! ?IRD4'--,ADDRESS TO ! ?RONE4'--,9QUIRY 9TO ! /ATE ( ! NATION4'--,TRANSACTIONS ) LORD ,BUTE4'--,LORD ,NOR?'S CONCILIATORY BILLS4'--,TREATY BETWE5 ,FRANCE & ,AM]ICA AV[$4'--,DEBATE CONC]N+ ! 9DEP5D5CY ( ,AM]ICA4'--,DEA?4'--,& *>ACT] ( LORD ,*A?AM4 

,PAGE #ba 

,9,T,R,O,D,U,C,T,I,O,N4 

.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.- 

,M,U,* HAS BE5 SAID ( HI/ORICAL IMP>TIALITY2 & ! G5]ALITY SEEM TO REQUIRE IT1 AS ! FIR/1 & MO/ 9DISP5SABLE QUALITY ( ?IS BRAN* ( LIT]ATURE4 ,IT IS H[EV]1 LIKE ALMO/ ALL T]MS ( HUMAN 9V5TION1 ( AMBIGU\S MEAN+4 ,!RE IS AN IMP>TIALITY1 ?AT EMBRACES NO P>TY2 ?AT RELATES1 ) ! FAME SPIRITLESS & DISPASSIONATE T5OR1 ! CRUELTIES ( A ,N]O1 & ! G5]\S DESIGNS1 & B5EVOL5T CONDUCT ( AN ,H5RI LE GR&4 ,?IS IS TO BE F\ND1 9 ! GREATE/ P]FECTION1 9 ! DULLE/1 & ! /UPIDE/ 

.<XII.> 

HI/ORIANS4 ,LOV]1 AS ,I AM1 ( IMP>TIALITY1 ,I ?9K IT MY DUTY1 9 ?IS PLACE1 TO ADV]TISE MY READ]1 ?AT ?IS K9D ( IMP>TIALITY ,I ABJURE1 & ,I DESPISE4 ,I AM EV5 FREE 5\< TO ?9K1 ?AT HI/ORIES ?US GIFT$1 DO NOT DES]VE ! OP5+1 TO A PHILOSOPH]2 TO A READ] ( MORALITY2 OR A READ] ( TA/E4 

,BUT !RE IS AN IMP>TIALITY2 H[ %ALL ,I DESCRIBE H]8 ,%E IS ! NATIVE ( NO C\NTRY2 BUT A CITIZ5 ( ! WORLD4 ,%E KN[S NO P]SONAL REG>DS2 & %E IS SUP]IOR TO ALL P>TY CONNECTIONS4 ,%E IS DEAF TO ! M&ATES ( A C\RT2 & DEAD TO ! MOM5T>Y GU/ ( POPUL> OP9ION4 ,) A PI]C+ EYE1 %E LOOKS ?R\< EV]Y DISGUISE2 &1 ) A DISCRIM9AT+ SPIRIT1 %E SEP>ATES1 9 

.<XIII.> 

! MO/ DAZZL+ & BEAUTIFUL *>ACT]S1 ! FALSE BRILLIANT1 FROM ! TRUE4 ,%E SEATS H]SELF 9 ! *AIR ( TRU?4 ,%E APPE>S ! GREAT >*ETYPE1 ( ! CELEBRAT$ ,A,EGYPTIAN JUDGE1 :O DECID$1 ) SOLEMNITY1 UPON ! M]ITS ( ! DEAD2 & DET]M9$ ! PROPORTION ( LU/]1 ?AT %\LD BE REFLECT$1 FROM !IR *>ACT]S1 UPON ! REMOTE/ PO/]ITY4 ,%E CONSID]S ?IS1 AS H] SACR$ & 9VIOLABLE (FICE3 & NEV] NEV] CAN ANY TEMPTATION MOVE H]1 TO L5D H] AU?ORITY1 TO ELEVATE VISE1 ON ! ONE H&2 OR1 ON ! O!R1 TO GIVE SUB/ANCE & 5]GY1 TO ! BLA/ ( 5VY4 

   ,BUT !N %E IS ! F>!/ 9 ! WORLD FROM ! COOLNESS & 9DIFF]5CE4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 

.<XIV.> 

%E TREATS EV]Y EV5T1 ?AT COMES BE=E H]1 ) DELIB]ATE1 BUT 5]GETIC DECISION4 ,VISE %UDD]S1 AT H] TRIBUNAL2 & CRUELTY %R9KS1 9TO ?AT ABJECT1 C[>DLY1 TREMBL+ ?+1 ?AT ,GOD & NATURE /AMP$ H]4 ,9NOC5CE1 LIB]TY1 HUMANITY 5%R9E !MSELVES1 B5EA? H] /&>D4 ,%E IS ! ONLY VIC> ( ! DIV9ITY UPON E>?2 & ! VISIBLE HEAD ( ?AT ILLU/RI\S *UR*1 :I* ALONE1 FROM ALL NATIONS ( ! WORLD1 UNALT]ABLE RECTITUDE1 & IMMORTAL B5EVOL5CE %ALL HONOR1 9 A FUTURE /ATE4 ,9 F9E1 %E IS ! G5U9E PR(ESSOR ( HUMANITY4 ,BY IMP]CEPTIBLE1 NEV] CEAS+ ADVANCES1 %E W9S OV] ! SONS ( M51 TO ! RE/ORATION ( P>ADISE4 ,%E DISCOV]S1 TO !M1 ALL ?AT IS VIRTUE1 & ALL1 ?AT IS PRAISE4 

.<XV.> 

,& ?IS IS ! CONSUMMATION ( H] REIGN2 TO EXP& EV]Y BEAUTIFUL AFFECTION ( ! HUMAN HE>T1 WIDE1 AS ! UNIV]SE ( ,GOD2 TO BLUNT ! HORRID 9/RUM5TS ( SAVAGE W>1 9TO 9/RUM5TS ( AGRICULTURE1 & ! >TS ( CULTIVATION2 & TO R5D] MAN TO MAN1 9 EV]Y DI/ANT CLIME1 ! PROPITI\S G5IUS1 & ! GU>DIAN ANGEL4 

   ,AN ATTEMPT1 AT ! =M] SORT ( IMP>TIALITY1 HAS SPOIL$ HALF ! WELL WRITT5 HI/ORIES1 9 ! WORLD4 ,! BULK1 IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE1 %\LD BY ?IS1 OR ANY O!R MI/AKE1 BE SPOIL$4 ,IT IS V]Y LATELY1 ?AT ! WORLD HAS BE5 TAU<T2 IF 9DE$1 9 A COMPREH5SIVE S5SE1 IT CAN YET BE SAID1 TO BE TAU<T1 ! SUP]IORITY1 & ! VALUE ( ! G5U9E IMP>TIA- 

.<XVI.> 

LITY1 ,! FIR/ WRIT]1 ?AT HAS HAD ! SPIRIT1 TO ASS]T IT1 9 ITS FULLE/ EXT5T1 SEEMS TO HAVE BE51 ! CELEBRAT$ ABBE ,RAYNAL4 ,IT IS SUP]FLU\S1 TO ADD1 ?AT ?IS IS ! IMP>TIALITY1 TO ! ATTA9M5T ( :I*1 ! AU?OR ( ! FOLL[+ WORK1 HAS MO/ >D5TLY ASPIR$4 

   ,ONE WORD MORE1 IT IS YET NECESS>Y TO SUBJO94 ,HIS SUBJECT1 AB/RACT$1 FROM ITS ET]NAL >DU\SNESS1 HAS1 9 ?IS RESPECT1 A GREAT ADDITIONAL DIFFICULTY4 ,IT IS1 9 ! UTMO/ DEGREE1 REC5T2 & ONE HALF ( ! *>ACT]S1 ( :I* IT IS COMPOS$1 >E /ILL LIV+4 ,9 ?IS CASE1 ! AU?OR DOES SOME?+ MORE1 ?AN 0WALK1 UPON A%ES1 UND] :I* ! FIRE1 IS NOT EXT+UI%$40 ,Y\ MAY 9VEI<1 AGA9/ ! PROJECTS ( AN ,ALEXAN- 

 .<XVII.> 

D]1 & EXTOLL ! VIRTUES ( A ,BRUTUS1 9 ! /RONGE/ T]MS1 ?AT LANGUAGE CAN FURNI%1 )\T 9CURR+ ! SUSPICION ( P>TIALITY4 ,BUT1 C\LD ! AU?OR FLATT] HIMSELF1 ?AT HE HAD BE5 HAPPY 5\<2 TO AB/RACT SO F>1 FROM ! AGE1 9 :I* HE LIVES2 AS TO VIEW EV5TS1 ) ! FAME DIS9T]E/$NESS1 ?AT HE MI<T EMPLOY1 9 ! =M] 9/ANCE3 YET SURE IT IS1 ?AT HE %\LD F9D FEW READ]S1 ASSIDU\S1 & PHILOSOPHICAL 5\<1 TO WEI< HIM1 9 AN EV5 BALANCE4 ,HE MU/ ?R[ HIMSELF !N1 UPON ! C&OR ( ! PUBLIC2 & RE/ HIS APPEAL1 IF ?AT DOES NOT FAVOR TOO MU* ( VANITY1 ) ! JUDGM5T ( PO/]ITY4 

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 ,EXTRACTION & E>LY PURSUITS ( ,MR ,PITT4 -- ,TAKES HIS SEAT 9 ,P>LIAM5T4  -- ,ADM9I/RATION ( ,SIR ,ROB]T ,WALPOLE4 --  ,SPANI% CONV5TION4 --  ,ADM9I/RATION ( LORD ,C>T]ET4   

 ,M,R4 ,WILLIAM ,PITT ! SUBJECT ( ! PRES5T MEMOIR WAS BORN ON ! FIFTE5? ( ,NOVEMB] #a#g#h4 ,9 CON=MITY TO ! USUAL PRACTICE ( BIOGRAPH]S IT MAY BE EXPECT$ ?AT ,I %\LD GIVE SOME ACC\NT ( HIS EXTRACTION & FAMILY 4  

 .<#b.>  

,HE HAS BE5 TREAT$ BY A CELEBRAT$ NOBLEMAN AS EMPHATICALLY A NEW MAN4 ,! FACT IS1 ?AT1 AS WE CANNOT D$UCE HIS ANCE/RY FROM A LONG L9E ( NOBILITY1 SO NEI!R WAS IT SU*1 AS ?AT ANY MAN NE$ BE A%AM$ ( IT4 ,HIS GR&FA!R WAS ,?OMAS ,PITT1 ESQUIRE1 SOMETIME GOV]NOR ( ,MADRAS1 & :O SOLD TO ! K+ ( ,FRANCE ! CELEBRAT$ DIAMOND1 COMMONLY KN[N BY ! APPELLATION ( ,PITT'S DIAMOND4 ,A Y\NG] SON ( ?AT G5TLEMAN WAS CREAT$ E>L ( ,LONDOND]RY 9 ,IREL&2 & ONE ( HIS DAU<T]S M>RI$ ,JAMES ,/ANHOPE1 ESQUIRE1 AFT]W>DS E>L ,/ANHOPE1 ! M9I/] & FRI5D ( K+ ,GEORGE ! FIR/4 ,ROB]T ,PITT1 ( ,BOCONNOC1 9 ,CORNWAL1 ESQUIRE1 ! FA!R ( \R H]O1 WAS ! ELDE/ SON4 ,HIS LADY WAS SI/] TO ,JOHN1 E>L ( ,GR&ISON4 ,BY H] HE HAD TWO SONS1 ( :OM ,WILLIAM WAS ! Y\NG]1 & FIVE DAU<T]S4 

 .<#c.>  

 .<#c#a.>  

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 ,ADM9I/RATION ( ,MR4 ,PELHAM4--,MR4 ,PITT APPO9T$ PAYMA/]-G5]AL4--,HIS V]SATILITY4--,ORIG9 ( ! W> ( #a#g#e#e4--,DEA? ( ,MR4 ,PELHAM4--9/ABILITY ( HIS SUCCESSORS1 ! DUKE ( ,NEWCA/LE1 & ,MR4 ,FOX4--,MR4 ,PITT APPO9T$ ,SECRET>Y ( ,/ATE4--,HE IS DISMISS$4  

 ,M,R4 ,P,E,L,H,A,M1 :O SUCCE$$1 WAS ONE ( ! /UD5TS ( SIR ,ROB]T ,WALPOLE4 ,HE 9H]IT$ HIS SKILL 9 P>LIAM5T>Y MANAGEM5T1 & WAS COMPET5TLY V]S$ 9 ! BUS9ESS ( F9ANCE4 ,BUT HIS ABILITIES W]E 9 NO DEGREE EQUAL TO ! CONDUCT ( A W>4 ,9 SOME RESPECTS1 H[EV]1 HE WAS DIRECTLY ! REV]SE ( HIS MA/]4 ,! MANN]S ( ,WALPOLE W]E BLUNT & UNDISGUIS$2 &1 AS HE WAS A /RANG] TO ! S5TIM5TS1 SO HE WAS NOT /UDI\S TO EMPLOY ! LANGUAGE ( VIRTUE1 BUT :]E IT WAS 9DISP5SABLY NECESS>Y4 ,! MANN]S ( ,MR4 ,PELHAM W]E MILD1 PLAUSIBLE1 & 9S9UAT+4 ,UPON ALL OCCASIONS1 HE PRES]V$ ! DEC5CY ( A G5TLEMAN1 & ! RESPECTABL5ESS ( (FICE4 ,BY MU* APP>5T C&OR1 & EV] KN[+ :5 TO YIELD1 HE TURN$ ! $GE ( OPPOSITION4 ,?\< 5GAG$ 9 ! PROSECUTION ( ?OSE RU9\S MEASURES ( GOV]NM5T1 :I* W]E1 9 SOME MEASURE1 5TAIL$ UPON HIM2 HE HAS USUALLY BE5 CONSID]$1 AS A MAN ( 9TEGRITY & HONOR3 &1 H[EV] MI/AK5 9 HIS MAXIMS ( ADM9I/RATION1 IS SUPPOS$ TO HAVE BE5 ACTUAT$ BY A S9C]E LOVE = HIS C\NTRY4  

 ,HI!RTO1 AMID ALL ! VICISSITUDES ( ! /ATE1 WE HAVE SE5 ,MR4 ,PITT PRES]VE A CONSI/5CY ( CONDUCT1 AS LAUDABLE1 AS IT IS R>E4 ,IT WAS ?IS QUALITY1 :I*1 UNIT$ ) HIS EXTRAORD9>Y TAL5TS1 OBTA9$ HIM AT ONCE ! ADMIRATION & E/EEM ( ALL ! DIS9T]E/$ P>T ( ! NATION4 ,&1 ?\<1 BY SU* A CONDUCT1 HE EXCLUD$ HIMSELF FROM ?OSE LUCRATIVE APPO9TM5TS UND] GOV]NM5T1 TO :I* HIS GREAT ABILITIES MU/ NECESS>ILY HAVE 9TRODUC$ HIM2  

 .<#c#c.>  

 YET1 HAD HIS PASSION BE5 GA91 :I* IT C]TA9LY WAS NOT1 HE DID NOT REMA9 :OLLY )\T HIS REW>D4 ,A LITTLE PREVI\S TO ! TIME ( :I* ,I AM SPEAK+1 DI$ ! V]Y CELEBRAT$ ,S>AH1 DUT*ESS ( ,M>LBOR\<1 POSSESS$ ( IMM5SE RI*ES2 & :O1 ?\< H] =TUNE HAD BE5 *IEFLY ACQUIR$ BY H] P[] ) ! :IGS2 WAS VIOL5TLY ATTA*$ TO ! C\NTRY P>TY1 & EV5 SUPPOS$ TO FAVOR ! EXIL$ FAMILY4 ,AMONG O!R LEGACIES1 %E BEQUEA!D ,MR4 ,PITT T5 ?\S& P\NDS1 0UPON ACC\NT10 AS H] WILL EXPRESSES IT1 0( HIS M]IT1 9 ! NOBLE DEF5SE HE HAS MADE1 = ! SUPPORT ( ! LAWS ( ,5GL&1 & TO PREV5T ! RU9 ( HIS C\NTRY40  

 ,HIS OPPOSITION TO ! MEASURES ( GOV]NM5T WAS1 H[EV]1 N[ AT AN 5D4 ,LORD ,C>T]ET RETIR$ 9 ! CLOSE ( ! YE> #a#g#d#d2 &1 ?\< ,MR4 ,PITT DILL NOT IMM$IATELY COME 9TO (FICE1 YET1 9 ! LATT] 5D ( ! SAME SESSION ( P>LIAM5T1 HE RESIGN$ HIS APPO9TM5T 9 ! PR9CE ( ,WALES'S H\SEHOLD2 :I* MAY REASONABLY BE CONSID]$1 AS A PREVI\S /EP TO ! >RANGE-  

 .<#c#d.>  

 M5T1 ?AT %ORTLY TOOK PLACE 9 HIS FAVOR4 ,9 ! FOLL[+ ,FEBRU>Y1 HE WAS APPO9T$ JO9T VISE-TREASUR] ( ,IREL&1 &1 TWO MON?S AFT]1 UPON ! DEA? ( ,MR4 ,W9N+TON1 HE EX*ANG$ ?AT (FICE = ! PLACE ( PAYMA/]-G5]AL ( HIS MAJE/Y'S =CES4  

 ,DUR+ ?IS :OLE P]IOD1 FROM ! RESIGNATION ( LORD ,C>T]ET1 HE APPE>S TO HAVE PRES]V$ A TOTAL SIL5CE 9 P>LIAM5T1 RESPECT+ NATIONAL QUE/IONS1 ) A S+LE EXCEPTION4 ,?IS WAS AT ! TIME1 ?AT !Y W]E CALL$ TOGE!R1 UPON ! BREAK+ \T ( ! REBELLION 9 ,SCOTL&4 ,HE !N /OOD UP1 9 OPPOSITION TO AN AM5DM5T TO ! ADDRESS TO ! ?RONE1 /AT+ !IR DET]M9ATION1 SPE$ILY TO FRAME BILLS1 = ! FUR!R SECURITY ( ! FRE$OM ( REPRES5TATION1 & ! 9DEP5D5CY ( P>LIAM5T4 ,9 :AT MANN] HE VOT$ DUR+ ?IS TIME1 ,I AM NOT ABLE TO DET]M9E4 ,IF IT BE ALL[ABLE TO HAZ>D A CONJECTURE1 ,I %\LD SUPPOSE HE OBS]V$ ! SAME MOD]ATION 9 ?IS RESPECT1 AS HE DID 9 SPEAK+3 SOMETIMES VOT$ ) ADM9I/RATION2 & SOMETIMES1 UPON  

 .<#c#e.>  

 PO9TS1 :]E HIS JUDGM5T WAS FIX$1 OR HIS OP9IONS WELL KN[N1 JO9$ ! M9ORITY4 ,BE ?IS1 AS IT WILL2 C]TA9 IT IS1 HE DID NOT 5T] HIMSELF1 AS A SPEAK] 9 FAVOR ( ADM9I/RATION1 TILL 9 ! SESSION1 SUBSEQU5T TO ! TREATY ( ,AIX LA ,*APELLE4  

 ,H]E !N IT IS1 ?AT WE >E PRES5T$ ) ! FIR/ 9/ANCE ( ?AT UN/EAD9ESS & V]SATILITY ( CONDUCT1 :I* =MS ! FAVORITE ACCUSATION ( ! 5EMIES ( ?IS ILLU/RI\S *>ACT]4 ,IT IS NOT1 H[EV]1 :OLLY )\T ITS EXCUSE4 ,MR4 ,PELHAM AFFECT$ TO SET \T ) =M+ AN ADM9I/RATION UPON ! BROADE/ & MO/ LIB]AL PLAN4 ,&1 ?\< HE SC>CE 9DULG$ ! PEOPLE1 ) EV5 ! APPE>ANCE ( A *ANGE ( MEASURES2 HE WAS ABLE TO BR+ ! PR9CIPAL P]SONS 9 M9ORITY1 9 BO? H\SES ( P>LIAM5T1 TO ACQUIESCE 9 HIS >RANGEM5T4 ,?IS WAS P>TLY [+ TO ! ASSURANCES HE GAVE1 ?AT HE DID NOT EXPECT ?OSE1 :O JO9$ HIM1 TO ABJURE ! PR9CIPLES !Y HAD PREVI\SLY EMBRAC$2 & WAS EV5 CONT5T$1 !Y %\LD PUBLICLY OPPOSE HIS MEASURES1  

 .<#c#f.>  

 :5EV] !Y APPREH5D$ !M TO BE ( P]NICI\S T5D5CY4  

 ,9 ! ACQUIESC5CE ,I HAVE M5TION$1 ,MR4 ,PITT HAD C]TA9LY LITTLE OR NO %>E4 ,BUT1 DES]T$ ( HIS COLLEAGUES 9 OPPOSITION1 & OBLIG$1 EI!R TO FOLL[ !M1 OR TO /& ALMO/ ALONE1 HE DEMURR$4 ,TO CONT9UE TO OPPOSE1 APPE>$ A HE>TLESS & A FRUITLESS LABOR4 ,HE =ESAW NO ADVANTAGE1 ?AT C\LD RESULT FROM IT TO ! PUBLIC WEAL2 & HE FELT1 ?AT IT W\LD AM\NT1 9 A MANN]1 TO ! %UTT+ A P]PETUAL DOOR1 UPON HIS ADMISSION 9TO ANY ( ! GREAT (FICES ( /ATE4 ,AMBITION WAS D\BTLESS A LEAD+ TRAIT ( HIS DISPOSITION4 ,&1 9 ?IS CONSI/$ ! VIRTUE ( HIS *>ACT]2 ?AT HIS AMBITION WAS DIRECT$1 NOT TO CROOK$ 5DS1 BUT TO ! L>GE/ & MO/ EXCELL5T PURPOSES2 & ?AT HE HAD RA!R HAVE SE5 IT =EV] UNGRATIFI$1 ?AN GRATIFI$1 9 A MANN]1 ?AT1 HE BELIEV$1 W\LD NOT 5ABLE HIM TO PROMOTE ! S]VICE ( HIS C\NTRY4 ,ACCORD+LY1 HE 9TRODUC$1 BY HIS 9TEGRITY1 A CONSID]ABLE RE=M 9TO ! PAY-(FICE1 :I*1 ( ALL O!RS1 IS ! MO/ LIABLE TO  

 .<#c#g.>  

 ABUSE2 & DI/+UI%$ HIMSELF BY ! V]Y HONORABLE S+UL>ITY1 ( NEV] MAK+ ANY ADVANTAGE ( ! PUBLIC MONEY1 :ILE IT REMA9$ 9 HIS H&S4  

 ,BUT1 ?\< WE HAVE /AT$ ! REASONS1 :I* MAY BE SUPPOS$ TO HAVE 9FLU5C$ HIS CONDUCT1 WE DO NOT MEAN TO ADOPT !M4 ,! FIR/ PR9CIPLE1 :E!R ( PUBLIC OR PRIVATE VIRTUE1 IS1 TO DO ?AT1 :I* WE APPREH5D TO BE RI<T1 )\T REG>D TO CONSEQU5CES4 ,HE1 :O IS ! DELEGAT$ GU>DIAN ( ! WELF>E1 & ! LIB]TIES ( ! PEOPLE1 IS B\ND1 UPON ALL OCCASIONS1 TO EX]T ! TAL5TS HE POSSESSES1 9 SUPPORT ( EV]Y SALUT>Y1 & OPPOSITION TO EV]Y P]NICI\S MEASURE4 ,& ! MOM5T HE DES]TS ?IS L9E ( CONDUCT1 HE MU/ BE CONSID]$1 9 SOME MEASURE1 AS BETRAY+ ! TRU/ ?AT IS COMMITT$ TO HIM1 & SACRIFIC+ TO P]SONAL CONSID]ATIONS ! 9T]E/S ( HIS C\NTRY4  

 ,! P]IOD1 ( :I* ,I AM N[ SPEAK+1 FROM ! RESIGNATION ( LORD ,C>T]ET1 TO ! PEACE ( ,AIX LA ,*APELLE1 IS1 UPON MANY ACC\NTS1 A MEMORABLE ]A4 ,! W> WAS N[  

 .<#c#h.>  

 BECOME AT ONCE RU9\S & ABSURD4 ,IF1 9 ! BEG9N+1 ITS CONDUCT W]E SU*1 AS 9TITL$ ITS DIRECTOR TO ! APPELLATION ( A ,QUIXOTE2 9 ITS PRES5T /ATE1 IT CONC5T]$ ! EXTREME ( MADNESS1 ) ! EXTREME ( IMBECILITY4 ,IT HAD1 = SOME TIME1 BECOME TOTALLY DE/ITUTE ( AN OBJECT2 & WAS C>RI$ ON = ?IS S+LE REASON1 BECAUSE IT WAS ALREADY BEGUN4 ,! VICTOR1 AT ! CLOSE ( EV]Y CAMPAIGN1 HELD =? 9 VA9 TO ! VANQUI%$1 ! MO/ ADVANTAGE\S T]MS ( ACCOMMODATION4 ,IT IS PROBABLE1 ?AT ! ADM9I/RATION1 :O1 BY !IR CABALS1 HAD PREV5T$ LORD ,C>T]ET FROM ACCOMPLI%+ ?AT DESIRABLE OBJECT1 D>$ NOT IMM$IATELY TO DO ?AT !MSELVES1 :I* !Y HAD PR(ESS$ TO DISAPPROVE 9 ANO!R4 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ?IS V]Y P]IOD WAS DI/+UI%$ BY ! MO/ P]FECT SUP95ESS AT HOME4 ,! OPPOSITION 9 P>LIAM5T1 EQUALLY R$UC$ 9 NUMB]S1 & 9 SPIRIT1 WAS SU*1 AS SC>CELY TO DES]VE ! NAME4  

 ,AT L5G?1 H[EV]1 AT ! TIME1 9 :I* M9I/]S HAD *OS5 TO ACCEPT ! T]MS1 ?AT W]E HELD \T TO !M1 AN ACCI-  

 .<#c#i.>  

 D5TAL CIRCUM/ANCE T5D$ TO REVIVE1 9 SOME DEGREE1 ! >DOR ( P>LIAM5T>Y DEBATE4 ,A FRE% DISPUTE HAD BROK5 \T BETWE5 HIS MAJE/Y1 & ! PR9CE ( ,WALES4 ,LORD ,BOL+BROKE HAD1 SOME TIME BE=E1 RETURN$ TO HIS NATIVE C\NTRY2 & IS N[ SAID TO HAVE SECRETLY ACTUAT$ ! DELIB]ATIONS ( ! PR9CE'S C\RT4 ,! PR9CIPAL P]SONS ( ?AT C\RT1 ) ! E>L ( ,EGMONT AT !IR HEAD1 FELL D[N ! /REAM ( OPPOSITION4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 ,MR4 ,PITT1 :O1 IT IS PROBABLE1 HAD HI!RTO BE5 RE/RA9$ BY HIS DISAPPROBATION ( ! CONDUCT ( ! W>1 ?\<T HIMSELF AT LIB]TY OP5LY TO SUPPORT ! MEASURES ( GOV]NM5T4 ,! M9I/] HAD ALSO A MO/ ABLE AUXILI>Y 9 ,MR4 ,WILLIAM ,MURRAY1 N[ E>L ( ,MANSFIELD4  

 ,A G5]\S M9D CAN D]IVE LITTLE PLEASURE1 FROM DETECT+ ! 9CONSI/5CIES1 9TO :I* ! GREATE/ *>ACT]S HAVE FALL54 ,BUT1 ?\< NOT AN AGREEABLE TASK1 \R REG>D = ! TRU? ( HI/ORY R5D]S IT AN 9DISP5SABLE ONE4 ,=M]LY ,MR4 ,PITT HAD PROMOT$1 UPON ALL OCCASIONS1 ! SPIRIT (  

 .<#d.>  

 P>LIAM5T>Y 9QUIRY2 & /OOD =? ! ADVOCATE ( ! MO/ SPIRIT$ MEASURES 9 ALL \R =EIGN CONC]NS4 ,N[ HE PLAC$ HIMSELF 9 ! WAY ( SU* DISCUSSIONS2 & EXPATIAT$ ) FLU5CY UPON ! ADVANTAGES ( TEMPORIZ+4 ,=M]LY HE HAD PLEAD$1 ) VEHEM5CE & 5]GY1 = ! SUB/ITUT+ A G5]AL ADDRESS ( ?ANKS1 9/EAD ( ?OSE PRO/ITUTE E*OES ( ! SPEE* FROM ! ?RONE1 SO UNWOR?Y ! MAJE/Y ( A FREE PEOPLE4 ,N[ HE C>EFULLY DISPLAY$ ! EVIL T5D5CY ( A DRY & UNANIMAT$ /YLE2 & ASSUR$ P>LIAM5T1 ?AT !SE ?+S W]E M]E WORDS ( C\RSE1 & MI<T AFT]W>DS BE RETRACT$1 UPON BETT] 9=MATION1 )\T ANY BREA* ( DIGNITY OR TRU?4 ,=M]LY HE HAD DI/+UI%$ HIMSELF BY HIS OPPOSITION TO A /&+ >MY2 &1 9 PURSUANCE ( ?IS PR9CIPLE1 HAD ESP\S$ EV]Y RE/RICTION1 ?AT HAD BE5 PROPOS$1 UPON ! DESPOTISM ( MILIT>Y LAW4 ,N[ HE PLEAD$ = AN EXT5SION ( ?AT LAW2 & OPPOS$ A BILL1 :OSE OBJECT WAS TO HAVE CREAT$ SU* A ROTATION 9 ! >MY1 ?AT1 9 A FEW YE>S1 EV]Y PEASANT & >TISAN1 9 ! K+DOM1 W\LD HAVE UND]/OOD  

.<#d#a.> 

 ! BUS9ESS ( A SOLDI]2 & ! PEOPLE 9 G5]AL HAVE PROBABLY CONCLUD$1 ?AT A /&+ >MY WAS ALTOGE!R USELESS4 0,\R LIB]TIES EXI/$10 HE DECL>$1 0SOLELY 9 DEP5D5CE UPON ! DIRECTION ( ! SOV]EIGN1 & ! VIRTUE ( ! >MY4 ,TO ?AT VIRTUE10 SAID HE1 0WE TRU/1 EV5 AT ?IS H\R1 SMALL AS \R >MY IS4 ,TO ?AT VIRTUE WE MU/ CONT9UE TO TRU/1 %\LD WE ESP\SE ALL ! PRECAUTIONS \R W>ME/ OPPOS]S CAN DESIRE4 ,&1 )\T ?IS VIRTUE1 %\LD ! LORDS1 ! COMMONS1 & ! PEOPLE ( ,5GL&1 5TR5* !MSELVES BEH9D P>*M5T1 UP TO ! TEE?2 ! SWORD WILL F9D A PASSAGE TO ! VITALS ( ! CON/ITUTION40 ,9 F9E1 HE HAD =M]LY BE5 UNI=M 9 HIS OPPOSITION TO CONT95TAL MEASURES1 & ! SUBSIDIZ+ ! PR9CES ( ,G]MANY4 ,N[ HE /OOD UP 9 DEF5SE ( ! MO/ EXCEPTIONABLE SPECIES ( SUBSIDY2 A SUBSIDY1 9 TIME ( PEACE2 A SUBSIDY1 ?AT HAS SC>CELY BE5 F\ND1 9 A S+LE 9/ANCE1 TO ANSW] ! 5D1 = :I* IT WAS DESIGN$1 OR TO B9D ?OSE TO US 9 ! SEASON ( DANG]1 :OM WE ?US ANTICIPAT$ 9 ! TIME ( TRANQUILITY4  

 .<#d#b.>  

 ,! G5]ALITY1 ,I BELIEVE1 WILL BE 9CL9$ TO QUE/ION ! S9C]ITY ( ?IS CONV]SION2 & WILL REPRES5T TO !MSELVES ,MR4 ,PITT AS 5GAG$ 9 ! SUPPORT ( MEASURES1 :I*1 9 HIS [N BREA/1 HE P]EMPTORILY DISAPPROV$4 ,BUT !Y KN[ LITTLE ( ! HUMAN HE>T1 :O SUPPOSE1 ?AT1 9 SU* CASES1 ! JUDGM5T EVID5TLY PO9TS ONE WAY1 & 9T]E/ & 9CL9ATION ANO!R4 ,P]HAPS !RE DOES NOT EXI/1 UPON ! FACE ( ! E>?1 AN HYPOCRISY1 UNMIX$ & PURE4 ,9 ORD] TO DECEIVE O!RS1 WE FIR/ DECEIVE \RSELVES4 ,9T]E/ & AMBITION NOT ONLY ALT] \R LANGUAGE1 BUT \R M9DS4 ,!Y ATTRACT \R *OICE1 !Y W>P \R UND]/&+1 & !Y CL\D \R DISC]NM5T4 ,IT MU/ ALSO BE REMEMB]$1 ?AT *ANGE ( M9D IS SC>CELY EV] ! RESULT ( SUDD5 CONVICTION1 BUT ALMO/ UNIV]SALLY PRODUC$ BY A SL[ & IMP]CEPTIBLE PROGRESS4 ,9 ! COMPLICATION ( MOTIVES1 !N1 BY :I* \R CONDUCT IS GOV]N$1 IT IS SELDOM POSSIBLE1 TO ASCRIBE ITS PROPORTION TO ! 9FLU5CE ( EA*3 &1 ?\< IT W]E EASY1 WE %\LD H>DLY BE MU* 9CL9$ TO SO UNPLEASANT A TASK4 ,MR4 ,PITT WAS PROBABLY P>TLY 9DUC$1  

 .<#d#c.>  

 TO ?IS SECOND RECESSION1 FROM HIS ORIG9AL L9E ( CONDUCT1 BY ! MOTIVE WE /AT$ 9 ! =M] CASE4 ,HIS CONV]SION MAY BE P>TLY ASCRIB$1 TO ! P[] EXHIBIT$ 9 A ?\S& 9/ANCES1 ( ! FASC9AT+ MANN]S ( ,MR4 ,PELHAM4 ,&1 ,I BELIEVE1 ! REBELLION HAD1 9 SOME DEGREE1 ! SAME 9FLU5CE UPON HIS COMPREH5SIVE S\L1 ?AT IT C]TA9LY HAD UPON EV]Y WEAK] M9D1 TO 9CREASE HIS LOYALTY1 & IMPROVE HIS COMPLAISANCE4  

 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ,I HAVE MET ) BUT ONE 9/ANCE1 9 :I* HE EXHIBIT$ ! REMA9S ( HIS OLD PR9CIPLES2 & MADE USE ( ?AT LIB]TY1 :I* ,MR4 ,PELHAM 9DULG$ TO ALL ! S]VANTS ( ! CR[N4 ,HE HAD EV] PLEAD$ = ! R$UCTION ( \R >MY1 & ! 9CREASE ( \R NAVAL =CE4 ,& 9 ! SESSION ( #a#g#e#a1 AN AM5DM5T BE+ MOV$1 TO SUB/ITUTE #a1 9/EAD ( #h1 SEAM51 = ! S]VICE ( ! 5SU+ YE>1 HE /OOD UP1 & /R5U\SLY SUPPORT$ IT4  

 ,ONE SALUT>Y MEASURE P>TICUL>LY DI/+UI%$ ! PRES5T ADM9I/RATION4 ,ALMO/  

 .<#d#d.>  

 IMM$IATELY UPON ! R5EWAL ( PEACE1 ,MR4 ,PELHAM REVIV$ A P>T ( ! S*EME ( SIR ,JOHN ,B>N>D1 = ! R$UCTION ( ! NATIONAL DEBT2 &1 9 ! FACE ( A ?\S& OB/ACLES1 C>RI$ IT 9TO EXECUTION1 ) A FIRMNESS & A PATRIOTISM1 ?AT MU/ ALWAYS BE M5TION$ TO HIS HONOR4  

 ,! LA/ YE>S ( ?IS M9I/]1 [+ TO ! DEA? ( ! PR9CE ( ,WALES1 BECAME ONCE MORE UNDI/URB$ BY OPPOSITION4 ,( CONSEQU5CE1 ,MR4 ,PITT REMITT$ HIS EX]TIONS 9 SUPPORT ( ADM9I/RATION1 & FELL BACK 9TO ?AT /ATE ( NEUTRALITY1 :I* HE HAD OBS]V$1 PREVI\S TO ! CONCLUSION ( ! PEACE ( #a#g#d#h4 ,! ONLY ?+1 BY :I* HE DI/+UI%$ HIMSELF1 DUR+ ?IS P]IOD1 WAS ! BR++ 9 A BILL1 = ! RELIEF ( ! P5SION]S ( ,*ELSEA HOSPITAL1 & = ABOLI%+ ! EXORBITANT USURY1 BY :I* !Y W]E OPPRESS$4 ,HE PROVID$1 ?AT HALF A YE>'S P5SION %\LD ALWAYS BE PAID 9 ADVANCE1 & ?AT ! ANNUITY ITSELF %\LD BE 9CAPABLE ( BE+ MORTGAG$4 ,?IS REGULATION WILL EV] REMA9 A MONUM5T1 ( ! DI/+UI%$ HUMANITY ( ITS AU?OR4  

 .<#d#e.>  

 ,BUT EV5TS N[ BEGAN TO PREP>E ! WAY1 = ,MR4 ,PITT'S ACCESSION TO ?AT HI< EMPLOYM5T1 9 :I* HE ACQUITT$ HIMSELF ) SO MU* P]SONAL HONOR1 & SO MU* TO ! GLORY & ADVANTAGE ( HIS C\NTRY4 ,AM]ICA HAD N[1 BY 9S5SIBLE DEGREES1 GR[N UP TO ! HI<E/ IMPORTANCE4 ,AT ! PEACE ( ,UTRE*T1 :5 WE GAVE ! LAW TO ! FIR/ SOV]EIGN 9 ,EUROPE1 ! B\ND>IES ( ITS MO/ NOR!RN PROV9CES W]E E/EEM$1 AT ONCE1 SO UNC]TA91 & SO TRIFL+ 9 !IR CONSEQU5CE2 ?AT !IR F9AL SETTLEM5T WAS REF]R$ TO CONF]5CES1 ?AT W]E LITTLE ATT5D$ TO1 & AN >BITRATION1 ?AT WAS NEV] CONCLUD$4 ,AT ?IS TIME1 ! SPIRIT ( COMM]CE1 9 ?AT P>T ( ! WORLD1 WAS RIS5 TO ITS GREATE/ HEI<T4 ,AS ! ,FR5* HAVE EV] EXCELL$ US 9 ADROITNESS1 & ! >T ( W9N+ ! AFFECTIONS1 WE HAD NO O!R RES\RCE1 TO PUT \RSELVES UPON A P> ) !M1 BUT ?AT ( COMPULSION4 ,:ILE !Y P]SUAD$ ! ,9DIANS1 WE C>RI$ \R PURPOSES BY =CE2 & :ILE !Y WON1 WE ALI5AT$ !IR AFFECTIONS4  

 .<#d#f.>  

 ,IT W\LD BE ABSURD TO 9/ITUTE AN 9QUIRY 9TO :I* P>TY WAS 9 ! RI<T1 :5 ! OBJECT ( BO? WAS C]TA9LY NOT RI<T1 BUT CONV5I5CE4 ,IT W\LD APPE> /ILL MORE ABSURD1 :5 WE REFLECT$1 ?AT ! ,9DIANS W]E ! TRUE PROPRIETORS2 & ?AT WE1 ON EA* SIDE1 W]E 9DE$ NO BETT]1 ?AN ROBB]S1 FALL5 \T AB\T ! SPOIL1 ?AT !Y HAD MADE UPON ! 9NOC5T & DEF5SELESS PASS5G]4 ,BUT1 :ATEV] MI<T BE ! S5TIM5TS ( EI!R P>TY1 UPON ?IS HEAD1 !Y DO NOT SEEM1 AT ANY TIME1 TO HAVE EX]T$ !MSELVES1 TO PUT MATT]S 9 A TRA9 ( ACCOMMODATION4 ,FRANCE DESIR$1 UND] ! NAME ( PEACE1 TO CONT9UE H] 5CROA*M5TS2 & ,GREAT ,BRITA91 AS USUAL1 BEGAN ) TEMPORIZ+ & DELAY1 & CONCLUD$ ) HA/9ESS & PRECIPITATION4  

 ,9 ! BEG9N+ ( ?IS DISPUTE1 ,MR4 ,PELHAM DI$2 =TUNATELY P]HAPS = HIS [N *>ACT]2 UNIV]SALLY REGRETT$ BY ! NATION4 ,! M9I/RY1 ?AT HE LEFT BEH9D HIM1 & ?AT HELD !IR GR\ND = SOME TIME AFT] HIS DEA?1 W]E A BODY ( WEAKNESS & 9ANITY1 ALMO/ )\T A P>ALLEL4 ,! PR9-  

 .<#d#g.>  

 CIPAL FIGURE 9 ?IS GR\PE WAS ! DUKE ( ,NEWCA/LE1 BRO!R TO ! DECEAS$4 ,HIS ABILITIES W]E P]HAPS ( ! SL5D]E/ =M1 ?AT W]E EV] HAZ>D$ 9 SO IMPORTANT A /ATION4 ,HE WAS *IEFLY DI/+UI%$1 = HIS UNFEIGN$ ATTA*M5T TO ! H\SE ( ,BRUNSWIC1 & AS ONE ( ! LEAD]S ( ! :IG P>TY4 ,HE WAS NOT H[EV] DEFICI5T1 EI!R 9 PRIDE1 OR AMBITION4 ,IT WAS HIS DELI<T1 TO BE SURR\ND$ ) A CR[D ( DEP5D5TS1 & TO APPE> DI/RACT$ ) A MULTIPLICITY ( BUS9ESS4 ,HIS MANN]S W]E ?OSE ( BU/L+ IMPORTANCE4 ,HIS JUDGM5T WAS CONFUS$1 HEADLONG1 & ABRUPT4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 HE WAS P]SONALLY DIS9T]E/$4 ,& ! P>TIALITY :I* EV]Y MAN FEELS = HIS [N TAL5TS1 MAY WELL BE SUPPOS$1 TO HAVE H9D]$ HIM FROM SUSPECT+1 ?AT ! DESIRE HE FELT TO 5GROSS ! DIRECTION ( AFFAIRS1 C\LD POSSIBLY BE PRODUCTIVE ( ANY DETRIM5T TO HIS C\NTRY4  

 ,! TEMP] ( ?IS NOBLEMAN WAS EXCE$+LY VISIBLE 9 ! MEASURES1 N[ ADOPT$ BY ADM9I/RATION4 ,FO/]$ BY !IR WEAKNESS & 9DECISION1 ! ,AM]ICAN DISPUTE GOT TO  

 .<#d#h.>  

 A HEAD4 ,& :5 IT C\LD BE NEGLECT$ NO LONG]1 !Y RAN IMM$IATELY 9TO ! OPPOSITE EXTREME4 ,9/EAD ( S5D+ TO ! ,FR5* C\RT !IR P]EMPTORY & ULTIMATE DEM&S1 !Y ISSU$ CL&E/9E ORD]S ( REPRISAL2 & HELD UP ,GREAT ,BRITA9 UND] ! *>ACT] ( ! PIRATES ( ,EUROPE4 ,& 9/EAD ( DIRECT+ ! :OLE 5]GY ( GOV]NM5T1 TO ! 9CREAS+ \R NAVAL =CE1 !Y EMPLOY$ !MSELVES 9 =M+ EXP5SIVE CONNECTIONS UPON ! CONT95T1 ?AT C\LD HAVE NO T5D5CY1 BUT TO 9VOLVE US 9 AN UNNECESS>Y1 G5]AL W>4  

 ,AT ?IS JUNCTURE1 & UPON ! MEET+ ( P>LIAM5T 9 ,NOVEMB]1 #a#g#e#e1 ,MR4 ,PITT & ,MR4 ,FOX1 ! PAYMA/] G5]AL1 & SECRET>Y AT W>1 PUT !MSELVES AT ! HEAD ( OPPOSITION2 & ATTACK$ ! TREATIES1 LATELY CONCLUD$ ) ,RUSSIA & ,HESSE ,CASSEL1 ) AN 5]GY & SPIRIT1 ?AT SEEM$ ALTOGE!R IRRESI/IBLE4 ,NO TWO *>ACT]S C\LD BE MORE DISSIMIL>4 ,BUT !Y AGRE$ 9 ?IS1 ! BE+ BO? ( !M ACTUAT$ BY AN UNCONTR\LABLE SPIRIT ( AMBITION4 ,!Y W]E S5SIBLE1 ?AT ! PRES5T M9I/RY C\LD  

 .<#d#i.>  

 NOT /& LONG4 ,BY PU%+ !M D[N ! PRECIPICE1 !Y EXPECT$ TO ADVANCE !MSELVES UPON !IR RU9S4 ,& 9DE$ IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE = BO? ( !M TO BE DISAPPO9T$4 ,ACCORD+LY ,MR4 ,FOX BECAME SECRET>Y ( /ATE1 & O/5SIBLE PRIME M9I/]2 & ,MR4 ,PITT1 & ,MR4 ,LEGGE1 :O HAD JO9$ 9 HIS OPPOSITION1 W]E COMM&$ TO RESIGN !IR RESPECTIVE EMPLOYM5TS4  

 ,?\<1 BY ?IS /EP1 ! H&S ( GOV]NM5T ACQUIR$ A TEMPOR>Y ADDITION ( /R5G?1 YET NEI!R WAS ! SPIRIT ( P>LIAM5T>Y OPPOSITION MU* DIM9I%$1 NOR ! CONDUCT ( =EIGN AFFAIRS AT ALL ALT]$4 ,! SUCCE$+ CAMPAIGN 9 ,AM]ICA WAS ALTOGE!R 9ACTIVE4 ,! ADM9I/RATION SEEM$ :OLLY 5GROSS$ BY !IR FE>S4 ,& ! GOV]NM5T ( ,FRANCE1 UND]/&+ !IR WEAK SIDE1 M>*$ SEV]AL BODIES ( TROOPS TO ! COA/ ( \R *ANNEL1 & /UDI\SLY ADOPT$ ! APPE>ANCE ( AN 9T5D$ 9VASION2 :ILE !IR REAL ATTACK WAS TURN$ UPON ! SIDE ( ,M9ORCA4 ,! /RATAGEM HAD HAD ALL ! EFFECTS ITS MO/ SANGU9E FRI5DS C\LD HAVE WI%$4 ,GREAT ,BRITA9 WAS IM-  

 .<#e.>  

 M$IATELY DELUG$ ) ,HESSIAN & ,HANOV]IAN AUXILI>IES2 :ILE ! DEVOT$ ISL&1 WAS1 9 A MANN]1 UTT]LY =GOTT54 ,BUT ! EV5TS ?AT *IEFLY DI/+UI%$ ?IS YE>1 & W]E ALONE LA/+ 9 !IR CONSEQU5CES1 W]E ! ALLIANCES CONCLUD$ BETWE5 ,FRANCE & ,AU/RIA ON ! ONE H&1 & ,GREAT ,BRITA9 & ,PRUSSIA ON ! O!R4  

 ,IF ! TWO CONT5D+ P[]S 9 ,AM]ICA1 W]E 9SPIR$ ) AN 9SATIABLE LU/ ( GA92 MU* MORE W]E ! TWO GREAT /ATES ( ,G]MANY1 POSSESS$ ) A MO/ RE/LESS SPIRIT ( AMBITION4 ,! LOSS ( ,SILESIA P]PETUALLY HAUNT$ ! REFLECTIONS1 & DI/URB$ ! REPOSE ( ! EMPRESS2 :ILE H] ILLU/RI\S ANTAGONI/ APPE>$ NOT TO REMA9 CONT5T$ ) HIS ACQUISITION4 ,HE PROBABLY LOOK$ =W>D TO SOME OBJECT1 ( :I* P]HAPS HIMSELF HAD NO DET]M9$ IDEA1 BUT :I* HAS C]TA9LY NEV] BE5 P]FECTLY UND]/OOD BY ! WORLD4 ,) !SE DISPOSITIONS1 !Y ONLY WAIT$ = AN OPPORTUNITY TO DECL>E !MSELVES4 ,& ?IS OPPORTUNITY WAS FURNI%$ BY ! MUTUAL CABALS ( ! C\RTS ( ,V]SAILLES & ,LONDON4 ,! =-  

 .<#e#a.>  

 M] UND]/OOD TOO WELL \R SOV]EIGN'S PR$ILECTION = HIS ,G]MAN DOM9IONS1 NOT TO =ESEE !IR ADVANTAGE1 9 DI/RACT+ ! ATT5TION1 & DIVID+ ! =CE ( !IR 5EMY1 BY AN ATTACK UPON ,HANOV]4  

 ,= SOME TIME1 IT WAS UNC]TA91 :I* ( ! ,G]MANIC P[]S %\LD UNITE ) :I* ( ! M>ITIME ONES4 ,NEV] DID ANY W> COMM5CE 9 SU* A M$LEY ( CONTRADICTORY TREATIES4 ,AU/RIA HAD BE5 \R OLD ALLY1 &1 PRESUM+ UPON H] FRI5D%IP1 WE HAD 5GAG$ ! ,RUSSIANS TO MAKE A DIV]SION 9 H] FAVOR4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 WE REFUS$ TO CONCUR ) H] 9 H] VIEWS UPON ,SILESIA1 & BY ?AT MEANS =C$ H] 9TO ! >MS ( ,FRANCE4 ,! K+ ( ,PRUSSIA1 PROTECT+ AGA9/ ! ADMISSION ( ANY =EIGN TROOPS 9TO ! EMPIRE1 SEEM$ TO \R M9I/]S TO OP5 A DOOR TO A MORE 9TIMATE CONNECTION4 ,HE WAS NOT BACKW>D TO EMBRACE ! PROPOSALS1 ?AT W]E MADE HIM4 ,& ?US WE EX*ANG$ \R OLD & NATURAL ALLY1 = A PR9CE1 :O MU/ BE SUPPORT$ BY AN 5ORM\S SUBSIDY1 & :OSE FRI5D%IP C\LD NEV] AF=D US ! SMALLE/  

 .<#e#b.>  

 ADVANTAGE4 ,WE PAV$ ! WAY TO A FRE% EXAMPLE ( ?OSE S+UL> CONF$]ACIES2 NOT1 ( MANY SMALL] P[]S TO R$UCE ONE OV]GR[N ONE2 BUT ( SEV]AL1 ! GREATE/ P[]S UPON E>?1 COMB9$ = ! DE/RUCTION ( ONE /ATE1 SMALL 9 EXT5T1 & %ALL[ 9 ITS RES\RCES4  

 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 !SE PROCE$+S1 H[EV] 9JUDICI\S1 W]E P]HAPS TOO COMPLICAT$ = ! LEVEL ( POPUL> DECISION4 ,BUT ! LOSS ( ,M9ORCA BLEW UP ! FLAME ( NATIONAL RES5TM5T TO ITS HI<E/ PIT*4 ,BY A TRA9 ( 9SIDI\S >TS1 ! M9I/RY W]E ABLE TO ?R[ ! WEI<T ( IT1 9 A GOOD-MEASURE1 (F !MSELVES1 UPON ! ADMIRAL !Y HAD EMPLOY$4 ,ACCORD+LY HE WAS SOON AFT] SACRIFIC$1 9 A MANN]1 :I* :ATEV] MAY BE ! OP9ION WE =M ( ! M]ITS ( HIS CONDUCT1 WAS UND\BT$LY DISGRACEFUL TO ! NATION1 & 9FAM\S TO ! P]SONS CONC]N$4 ,&1 AFT] ALL1 ! ADM9I/RATION REMA9$ SO UNPOPUL>1 ?AT ,MR4 ,FOX SOON AFT] ?\<T PROP] TO RESIGN4 ,! MOTIVE ( HIS CONDUCT WAS SUPPOS$1 TO BE AN UNWILL+NESS TO BE> ! ODIUM (  

 .<#e#c.>  

 MEASURES1 9 ! =M+ ( :I* HE WAS ALL[$ V]Y LITTLE %>E4 ,HE PROBABLY ?\<T ?IS EMB>RASSM5T NOT UNFAVORABLE TO HIS VIEWS1 & ?REW UP HIS EMPLOYM5T1 ) ! HOPE ( SPE$ILY RESUM+ IT1 UPON MORE ADVANTAGE\S T]MS4  

 ,( ! NUM]\S DISCIPLES ( SIR ,ROB]T ,WALPOLE1 ,MR4 ,FOX WAS ! 9DIVIDUAL ?AT MO/ RESEMBL$ HIM4 ,HE H[EV] F9ALLY BECAME MORE UNPOPUL> ?AN ?AT M9I/] EV] WAS4 ,HIS MANN]S HAD SOME?+ LESS ( ! PLAUSIBLE2 & HIS TEMP]1 ESPECIALLY T[>DS ! CLOSE ( HIS LIFE1 WAS 9F9ITELY MORE RAPACI\S4 ,9 HIS TURN ( M9D1 H[EV]1 !RE APPE>$ SOME?+1 LESS DI/ANT FROM ! *>ACT] ( A GREAT M9I/]4  

 ,UPON ! REMOVAL ( ?IS PR9CIPAL PROP1 ! :OLE /RUCTURE ( ADM9I/RATION FELL TO PIECES4 ,?OSE1 :O HAD SO LONG RETA9$ !IR 9FLU5CE 9 ! CAB9ET1 ?\<T PROP]1 AT LEA/ 9 APPE>ANCE1 TO RETIRE FROM ! DIRECTION ( AFFAIRS4 ,& ,MR4 ,PITT1 & ,MR4 ,LEGGE1 ! TWO MORT POPUL> *>ACT]S 9 ,BRITA91 W]E N[ ADMITT$ 9TO ! RE-  

 .<#e#d.>  

 SPONSIBLE (FICES ( GOV]NM5T4 ,BUT AS1 ON ! ONE H&1 IT WAS NOT 9T5D$1 TO C$E TO !M ! P[] ( ADM9I/RATION2 SO ON ! O!R1 !Y W]E F\ND 9 NO DEGREE ADAPT$ TO ! PURPOSES DESIGN$4 ,!Y W]E1 AS IT %\LD SEEM1 TOO FRE% FROM OPPOSITION4 ,!Y C\LD NOT IMM$IATELY ADOPT ! PLIANT MANN]S ( A C\RT1 OR LAY ASIDE ?OSE PR9CIPLES1 TO :I* !Y HAD BE5 9DEBT$ = !IR POPUL>ITY4 ,!Y W]E NOT ( A TEMP]1 TO SUBMIT TO BE ! TOOLS1 OR ! SCAPEGOATS ( AN 9T]IOR CAB9ET4 ,!Y HAD TOO HI< A S5SE ( ! CONSEQU5CE !Y HAD ACQUIR$1 LI<TLY OR 9CONSID]ATELY TO SACRIFICE IT4 ,ACCORD+LY !Y OPPOS$1 BO? 9 C\NCIL & 9 P>LIAM5T1 EV]Y MEASURE1 H[EV] PATRONIZ$1 ?AT !Y APPREH5D$ P]NICI\S4 ,& EV5 !IR CONCESSIONS1 = CONCESSIONS1 IT MU/ BE [N$1 !Y MADE1 CAME ) SO ILL A GRACE1 & W]E SO CLOGG$ BY ! CONDITIONS1 ?AT ACCOMPANI$ !M1 ?AT !Y T5D$ RA!R TO IRRITATE1 ?AN TO RECONCILE4  

 ,! EFFICI5T M9I/]S1 TIR$ ( P]PETUAL ?W>T+1 & CONV9C$1 ?AT !IR >-  

 .<#e#e.>  

 RANGEM5T MU/ PROVE ABORTIVE1 SP>$ NO PA9S1 TO PREPOSSESS !IR AGA9/ HIS NEW S]VANTS2 & DET]M9$1 AT ALL EV5TS1 TO EXPEL !M FROM ! GOV]NM5T4 ,IT %\LD SEEM ?AT ! K+ HAD LONG S9CE CONCEIV$ A PREJUDICE AGA9/ ,MR4 ,PITT4 ,?\< IT HAD BE5 FREQU5T1 TO APPO9T ! PAYMA/]-G5]AL ONE ( ! LORDS ( REG5CY1 DUR+ ! K+'S ABS5CE UPON ! CONT95T1 ?IS HAD NEV] BE5 DONE1 :ILE ,MR4 ,PITT HELD ?AT (FICE2 & EV51 9 ONE 9/ANCE1 ! SECRET>Y AT W> HAD BE5 APPO9T$1 9 A MANN]1 OV] HIS HEAD4 ,?IS CELEBRAT$ COMMON] HAD ALMO/ UNI=MLY OPPOS$ ?OSE CONT95TAL MEASURES1 TO :I* HIS SOV]EIGN WAS KN[N TO BE SO MU* ATTA*$2 &1 AS HIS LANGUAGE WAS VIGOR\S & DECISIVE1 IT PROBABLY LEFT AN IMPRESSION UPON ! ROYAL BREA/4 ,& UND\BT$LY ?OSE1 :O IMM$IATELY SURR\ND$ ! ?RONE1 HAD TAK5 C>E TO REPRES5T HIM1 AS HAU<TY1 IMP]I\S & UNC\RTI]LY4 ,!Y EV5 9TIMAT$ !IR SUSPICIONS ( HIS LOYALTY4 ,?US >TFULLY UND]M9$1 HE WAS ONCE MORE HONOR$ ) ! ROYAL COMM& TO RESIGN4 ,MR4 ,LEGGE1 E>L ,TEMPLE1  

 .<#e#f.>  

 :OSE SI/] HE HAD LATELY M>RI$1 & MANY O!R ( HIS FRI5DS1 ACCOMPANI$ HIM 9 HIS RETREAT4 ,!IR C\NTRY REMA9$1 = NE> ?REE MON?S1 9 ! V]Y HEAT ( W>1 ABSOLUTELY DE/ITUTE ( ANY REGUL> ADM9I/RATION4  

 ,IT IS TRULY WOND]FUL1 ?AT A SET ( M51 WEAK1 TIMID1 9CAPABLE & RA%1 BEYOND EXAMPLE1 NOT CONT5T$ ) !IR 9FLU5CE 9 ! DISPOSAL ( PLACES & P5SIONS1 %\LD HAVE CONT9U$ ?US OB/9ATELY SET1 UPON RETA9+ ! DIRECTION ( A COMPLICAT$ & MO/ P]IL\S W>4 ,= MORE ?AN TWO YE>S1 !Y HAD EXHIBIT$ AN UNV>I$ SC5E ( DEFEAT & DI%ONOR4 ,!Y HAD R$UC$ !IR C\NTRY TO ! BR9K ( DE/RUCTION4 ,&1 AT ! SAME TIME1 BY !IR CABALS AT HOME1 !Y HAD CAUS$ ! SPIRIT ( P>TY TO BE EV]Y :]E SUB/ITUT$ = ! SPIRIT ( PATRIOTISM4 ,! MORE IMM95T W]E ! DI/RESSES ( ,BRITA91 ! MORE IRRECONCILABLE W]E ! FACTIONS1 ?AT DIVID$ IT4  

 .<#e#g.>  

,*AP4 ,I,I,I 

 ,COALITION ( P>TIES4--,MR4 ,PITT'S ADM9I/RATION4--,PROGRESS ( ! W>4--,CAMPAIGN ( #a#g#e#i3--,FRUITLESS NEGOTIATIONS ( PEACE4   

 ,! SITUATION ( ,MR4 ,PITT1 AT ?IS CRISIS1 WAS1 9 ONE RESPECT1 MORE EXTRAORD9>Y1 & MORE HONORABLE1 ?AN ANY ( ?OSE1 BY :I* ! LATT] P>T ( HIS HI/ORY WAS DI/+UI%$4  ,)\T ANY PRACTICAL KN[L$GE ( HIS ABILITIES2 & ATTRACT$ ONLY1 BY HIS CONSUMMATE ELOQU5CE1 HIS S+UL> DIS9T]E/$NESS1 & ! SUPPOS$ PURITY ( HIS VIEWS2 ! PEOPLE ( ,5GL& UNIT$ TO LOOK UP TO HIM1 AS T ! P]SON1 9 :OM !Y CONFID$1 = ! SALVATION ( !IR C\NTRY4  

 ,! :OLE NATION SEEM$ TO RIFE UP1 AS ONE MAN1 9 V9DICATION ( ! *>ACT] ( ! EXIL$ PATRIOTS4  ,! MO/ RESPECTABLE CITIES & CORPORATIONS PRES5T$ !M ) ! FRE$OM ( !IR RESPECTIVE BODIES2 &  

 .<#e#h.>  

 ADDRESSES W]E S5T UP FROM ALL P>TS ( ! K+DOM1 SOLICIT+ !IR RE/ORATION TO !IR RESPECTIVE EMPLOYM5TS4  ,IT W]E1 AT ONCE1 DIFFICULT & UN9T]E/+1 TO TRACE ! /EPS1 BY :I* ! SUBSEQU5T COALITION WAS EFFECT$4  ,SUFFICE IT TO SAY1 ?AT ,MR4 ,PITT WAS AGA9 RESORT$ TO ! (FICE ( SECRET>Y ( /ATE2 ! DUKE ( ,NEWCA/LE WAS PLAC$ AT ! HEAD ( ! TREASURY2 & ,MR4 ,MOX WAS GRATIFI$ ) ! APPO9TM5T ( PAYMA/]--G5]AL4  ,EA* ( !M BR\<T 9 HIS RESPECTIVE FRI5DS2 & ?US ! ?REE GREAT P>TIES1 9TO :I* GOV]NM5T WAS S5T1 W]E HAPPILY BR\<T1 9 SOME MANN]1 TO COOP]ATE = ! WELF>E ( !IR C\NTRY4  

 ,IT IS1 AT ?IS MOM5T1 ?AT ,MR4 ,PITT'S ADM9I/RATION PROP]LY COMM5CES4  ,DUR+ ! %ORT TIME HE HAD BE=E HELD ! SEALS1 HIS 9FLU5CE 9 ! CAB9ET APPE>S TO HAVE BE5 V]Y SMALL2 & IT W\LD P]HAPS BE DIFFICULT1 TO LAY \R H& UPON ! MEASURE ( GOV]NM5T1 :I* PROP]LY ORIG9AT$ ) HIM4  ,N[ HE ASSUM$1 NOT BY HIS 9FLU5CE ) ! =EIGN BUT BY HIS POPUL>IT ) ! NATION1 ?AT ASC5DANCY 9 \R PUBLIC C\NCILS1 :I* ,LORD ,C>T]ET  

 .<#e#i.>  

 HAD =M]LY 5JOY$1 UND] MORE HO/ILE AUSPICES1 & ) LESS HAPPY CONSEQU5CES4  

 ,AS IT IS BY ?IS P]IOD ( ! LIFE ( LORN ,*A?AM1 ?AT HIS PUBLIC M]IT IS PR9CIPALLY TO BE E/IMAT$1 WE %ALL D\BTLESS BE EXCUSABLE H]E1 IF WE RUN \T 9TO GREAT] L5G?1 OR MORE FREQU5T REFLECTIONS1 ?AN UPON ANY O!R P>T ( \R SUBJECT4  ,WE HAVE SE51 9 ! EXAMPLE ( LORD ,C>T]ET1 H[ UNSUCCESSFUL A COALITION USUALLY PROVES4  ,WE %ALL SEE1 9 ! P]FECT1 A COALITION1 SUCCE$+ BEYOND ALL REASONABLE EXPECTATION2 ! MO/ HET]OG5E\S +R$I5TS1 & ! UTMO/ H>MONY4  ,BUT IT IS FROM ! =M]1 & NOT ! LATT]1 ?AT A G5]AL RULE IS TO BE D$UC$4  ,A ?\S& CIRCUM/ANCES COMB9E TO R5D] ! PRES5T A S+UL> CASE4  ,BO? ! O!R P>TIES HAD MADE !IR TRIAL1 & MAY BE SUPPOS$ TO HAVE BE51 9 SOME MEASURE1 CONV9C$ ( !IR 9CAPACITY4  ,& ! ABILITIES ( ,MR4 ,PITT1 W]E PALPABLY SU*1 AS1 BY NO MEANS1 TO AF=D GR\ND = A G5]AL CONCLUSION4  ,ANY PR9CIPLE MAY D\BTLESS BE PU%$ TOO F>4  ,AT ! SAME TIME1 IT MAY BE [N$1 ?AT MOD]ATE ABILITIES1 AT LEA/1 MAYBE S(T EFFECTUALLY EX]T$ 9  

 .<#f.>  

 CONNECTION2 & ?AT MAN MU/ BE S+UL>LY =M$1 :O CANNOT MEET ) ?OSE1 :OLSE G5]AL PR9CIPLES ( GOV]NM5T CO9CIDE ) HIS [N1 & ) :OM HE CAN HONE/LY CONCUR 9 ! USUAL T5OR ( !IR CONDUCT4  ,TRULY PITIABLE IS ! C\NTRY1 ?AT CANNOT AF=D AN ADM9I/RATION ( HONE/ VIEWS1 & UNI=M PR9CIPLES2 OR ?AT HAS NOT VIRTUE 5\< LEFT TO SUPPORT SU* AN ADM9I/RATION1 AGA9/ ! OPPOSITION ( ! 9T]E/$1 & ! CABALS ( FACTION6  

 ,! FIR/ /EP ,MR4 ,PITT MADE1 WAS TO GIVE UP ?OSE PR9CIPLES1 :I* HAD L$ HIM TO OPPOSE A CONT95TAL W>2 & TO FALL IMPLICITLY 9TO ! VIEWS ( HIS =EIGN4  ,IT MAY BE ALLEG$ 9 HIS EXCUSE1 ?AT ! ALLIANCES W]E ALREADY MADE1 & ! W> HAD ASSUM$ ITS =M1 BE=E HE WAS CALL$ TO ! HEAD ( AFFAIRS4  ,HE MAY BE SUPPOS$ TO HAVE BE5 P>TLY ACTUAT$1 BY A S5TIM5T ( G5]OSITY = ! K9D ( ,PRUSSIX2 UPON :OM ! MEASURES ( HIS PR$ECESSORS HAD CONTRIBUT$ TO BR+ A COMB9ATION ( ! MO/ P[]FUL /ATES 9 ,EUROPE1 & :OM IT W\LD N[ BE CRUEL TO DES]T4  ,&1 ABOVE ALL1 HE PROBABLY F\ND ?IS TO BE ! ALT]NATIVE2 ?AT HE  

 .<#f#a.>  

 MU/ EI!R S]VE HIS C\NTRY 9 ! WAY PRESCRIB$ HIM1 OR NOT S]VE H] AT ALL4  ,A CONT95TAL W> W\LD 9EVITABLE BY PROSECUT$4  ,AT ANY RATE1 IT WAS P]NICI\S4  ,IF PROSECUT$ )\T POPUL>ITY1 & )\T ABILITIES1 IT MU/ BE DE/RUCTIVE4  ,IF C>RI$ ON ) UNANIMITY & 5]GY1 IT MI<T BE PRODUCTIVE ( GLORY1 IF NOT ( ADVANTAGE1 & IMP5D+ RU9 W>D$ (F4  

 ,B,U,T :Y %\LD WE 5DEAVOR TO CONCEAL ! TRU?8  ,MR4 ,PITT1 ,I HAVE ALREADY SAIF WAS POSSESS$ ) A SPIRIT ( B\NDLESS AMBITION4  ,AS ! LEAD+ TRAIT1 BY :I* HE HAD HI!RTO BE5 DI/+UI%$1 WAS ELOQU5CE1 IT WAS ! G[N1 ?AT SEEM$ DEF9$ = ! SC5E ( HIS R5[N4  ,HIS AMBITION WAS NO SUBS]VI5T TO ! DESIRE ( LUXURY & EASE2 HE WAS DIS9T]E/$4  ,! M]E POSSESSION ( P[] WAS NOT CALCULAT$ TO GRATIFY IT4  ,UPON P[]1 PLODD+1 USELESS1 TORPID & SUP9E1 HE LOOK$ D[N ) CONTEMPT4  ,IT MU/ BE GILD$ ) ! RAYS ( GLORY2 IT MU/ BE /AMP$ ) ! DIGNITY ( PATRIOTISM2 OR IT WAS NOT WOR? ACCEPTANCE4  

 .<#f#b.>  

 ,!RE >E BUT TWO WAYS1 9 :I* = ! M9I/] ( A FREE C\NTRY TO ACQUIRE TO HIMSELF IMMORTAL HONOR4  ,BY R5OVAT+ ! VIGOR ( ITS ORIG9AL CON/ITUTION1 BY C\NT]ACT+ ! TIDE ( V5ALITY & CORRUPTION1 & ]ECT+ NEW M\NDS AGA9/ ! 5CROA*M5TS ( DESPOTISM4  ,?IS SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 ! PA?1 ?AT ,MR4 ,PITT FIR/ *ALK$ \T TO HIMSELF4  ,= ?AT 5D1 ) ! UNCONQU]ABLE SPIRIT ( A ,ROMAN1 HE SET HIMSELF TO OPPOSE ! DE/RUCTIVE SY/EM ( ,WALPOLE4  ,TOO HAPPY ,BRITA91 HAD ! ABILITIES ( ?Y FIR/ & NOBLE/ /ATESMAN BE5 ?US EMPLOY$6  

 ,BUT RIP] YE>S & MATUR] DELIB]ATION TAU<T HIM1 ?AT HIS C\NTRY WAS TOO F> ADVANC$ IMBECILITY1 TO MAKE ! EXECUTION ( HIS FIR/ S*EME PROBABLY2 ?AT CIRCUM/ANCES W]E BY NO MEANS FAVORABLE2 & ?AT NO?+1 AT ANY RATE 1 BUT GREAT & M>K$ CALAMITIES1 C\LD BE EXPECT$ TO AWAK5 H] FROM SLUMB]4  ,& !RE YET REMA9$ ANO!R PA? OP54  ,A PA? TOO1 ?AT L$ TO MORE C]TA91 MORE IMM$IATE1 MORE UNDIVID$ APPLAUSE4  ,HE MI<T EX-  

 .<#f#c.>  

 PECT *ANGE ! COLD HAD ( RE=M1 & ! AU/]E SPIRIT ( 9DEP5D5CE1 = ! BRILLIANCY ( SUCCEL'S AGA9/ A =EIGN 5EMY1 & = ! TROPHIES ( CONQUE/4  ,BRITA9 WAS ONCE AGA9 PLUNG$ 9 A COMPLICAT$ W>1 & SEEM$ ADVANC+ ) HA/Y /EPS TO H] RU94  ,HIMSELF HAD ALMO/ PASS$ ! M]IDIAN ( HIS LIFE4  ,LIFE ,!MI/OCLES1 ! TROPHIES ( HIS ANCE/ORS W\LD NOT LET HIM SLEEP1 & LIKE ,CES>1 HE WEPT TO ?9K1 H[ MANY HAD CLOS$ A C>E] ( HONOR1 AT A P]IOD ( LIFE1 AT :I* HE HAD DONE LITTLE TO DI/+UI% HIMSELF4  ,N[ HE FELT WAS ! CRISIS ( HIS FATE4  ,N[ HE MU/ RISE TO GLORY1 OR FALL =EV] D[N ! /REAM ( OBLIVION4  ,HE SNAT*$ ! RUL+ HELM4  ,HE SIL5C$ ! CABALS ( A RIBAL1 & ! DISCONT5TS ( ! GOV]N$4  ,HE BRAV$ ! TEMPE/S ( ! DEEP4  

 ,ONE ( ! FIR/ MEASURES ( HIS ADM9I/RATION WAS ! EXP$ITION AGA9/ ,RO*=T4  ',?R\< C>RI$ ON ) A SECRECY1 ?AT HAD HI!RTO BE5 ?\< 9COMPATIBLE ) ! NATURE ( \R [N GOV]NM5T1 IT PROV$ 9 ! 5D MO/ DESPICABLY ABORTIVE4  ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ! ,HANOV]IAN >MY1 UND] ! DUKE  

 .<#f#d.>  

 ( ,CUMB]L&1 WAS COMPELL$ TO SURR5D]4  ,! CAMPAIGN 9 ,AM]ICA WAS :OLLE SP5T 9 ! =M+ ( PLANS1 9 ORD] AFT]W>DS TO REJECT !M2 & ! L>GE/ & BE/ APPO9T$ >MY1 ?AT CONT95T HAD EV] SE5 WAS KEPT 9 TOTAL 9ACTION4  ,?US ! CAMPAIGN ( #ageg CLOS$1 LIKE ! CAMPAIGN ( #a#g#e#f1 WIH\T ANY ?+ BE+ DONE1 CORRESPOND5T TO ! PUBLIC EXPECTATIONS4  

 ,POPUL> APPLAUSE IS 9 ITS V]Y NATURE 9CON/ANT2 & :AT HAD N[ HAPP5$1 W]E 5\<1 TO HAVE DAMN$ ! REPUTATION ( ANY O!R MAN4  ,! *ANG+ ( SIDES1 9 ORD] TO ! COM+ 9TO P[]1 MU/ EV] BE DISREPUTABLE4  ,! (FIC]S1 ?AT HAD BE5 S5T AGA9/ ! ,FR5* COA/1 MADE NO SCRUPLE  TO IMPUTE ! FAILURE ( !IR 5T]PRISE1 TO ITS HAV+ BE5 ORIG9ALLY =M$ UPON 9SUFFICI5T 9TELLIG5CE4  ,&1 ?\< IT DOES NOT APPE>1 ?AT ,MR4 ,PITT HAD ANY IMM$IATE CONC]N 9 ! O!R BUS9ESS ( ! CAMPAIGN2 YET ! CO9CID5CE ( TIMES (T5 PREC5TS AN ATT5TION TO A CIRCUM/ANCE1 LIKE ?IS1 AMONG ! VULG>4  ,BUT FAME1 9 ! PRES5T 9/ANCE1 AS IF TO V9DICATE H] *A-  

 .<#f#e.>  

 RACT]1 DID NOT ONCE DES]T H] FAVORITE4  ,ALL ,MR4 ,PITT'S APOLOGIES W]E ADMITT$2 HIS PREP>ATIONS = ANO!R CAMPAIGN *E]FULLY CONCURR$ 92 & ! POPUL> EXPECTATIONS ONCE MORE BECAME1 AS SANGU9E AS EV]4  

 ,BUT IF ! DISAPPO9TM5T DID NOT /RONGLY AFFECT ! PUBLIC1 IT H[EV] SUNK DEEP 9TO ! SPIRIT ( ,MR4 ,PITT4  ,9 PUBLIC HE COMPLA9$ L\DLY ( ! MILIT>Y COMM&]S2 & LAM5T$1 ?AT SC>CELY A MAN C\LD BE F\ND1 ) :OM ! EXECUTION ( A PLAN ( 5T]PRISE & P]IL1 C\LD ) CONFID5CE BE TRU/$4  ,) HIMSELF1 HE D\BTLESS REFLECT$ :E!R ! FAILURE ( SUCCESS1 9 ANY DEGREE1 REMA9$ ) HIM4  ,HE WAS NOT AFRAID TO SEE HIS ]RORS2 & HE HAD TOO MU* SPIRIT1 NOT TO WI%1 BY ! MI/AKES ( ! PA/1 TO IMPROVE HIS CONDUCT = ! FUTURE4   ,I BELIEVE1 ! *>GE BR\<T AGA9/ HIM1 BY ! COMM&]S AT ,RO*=T1 ( ! SUP]FICIALITY ( HIS 9TELLIG5CE1 WAS1 9 SOME DEGREE1 F\ND$4  ,ACCORD+LY HE PROBABLY FELT ITS JU/ICE2 & LABOR$1 ) UNWE>I$ >DOR1 TO REMOVE IT2 TILL1 AT L5G?1 HE P]FECT$ A DEGREE (  

 .<#f#f.>  

 9=MATION1 ?AT WAS P]HAPS SUP]IOR1 TO :AT HAD EV] BE5 OBTA9$ 9 ?IS1 OR ANY O!R C\RT 9 ,EUROPE4  ,9 A WORD1 HE FELT HIS ABILITIES2 HE SAW ! !AT] 9 :I* HE WAS PLAC$2 ! EYES ( ! NATION1 ! EYES ( ! WORLD ANIMAT$ HIM2 & HE BURN$ TO FIGNALISE HIMSELF1 9 A MANN]1 WOR?Y ( ! HOPES HE HAD EXCIT$4  

 ,FROM ! PEACE ( ,UTRE*T1 TO ! MOM5T1 :I* ,I AM WRIT+1 ! *>ACT] ( ,BRITA9 HAS BE5 5TIRELY DIFF]5T1 FROM :AT ! ANNALS ( =M] AGES HAVE EXHIBIT$ H]4  ,! 9FLU5CE ( CORRUPTION HAS 5]VAT$ H] SPIRIT4  ,RU9 & IMBECILITY HAVE CREPT UPON H] ) 9CESSIANT1 UNOBS]V$ /EPS4  ,IT IS ! GLORY ( ,MR4 ,PITT1 TO HAVE *ANG$ ! SC5E4  ,LIKE ! COMET1 HE SPREAD A TRANSITORY SPL5DOR OV] ! PROSPECT1 & ?REW A /REAM ( LU/] 9 HIS TRA94  ,HI!RTO \R C\NCILS HAD BE5 WEAK1 9CON/ANT & CONTRADICTORY4  ,\R EX]TIONS HAD BE5 IMPOT5T4  ,9 PEACE WE W]E DESPIS$4  ,9 W> WE W]E BAFFL$1 DEFEAT$1 & DISGRAC$4  ,! PRES5T W> HAD 9DE$  

 .<#f#g.>  

 BEGUN 9 UNMEAN+ PRECIPITATION4  ,9 ITS PROGRESS WE W]E PASSIVE4  ,WE DID NOT SO PROP]LY RESI/4  ,WE SUFF]$ :ATEV] ! 5EMY SAW FIT TO 9FLICT UPON US4  

 ,NEV] WAS ! GREAT SC5E ( ?+S SUDD5LY %IFT$1 AS 9 ! 9FLU5CE BE=E US4  ,:ATEV] COMPREH5SIVE G5IUS1 EXT5D$ 9TELLIG5CE1 DEEP POLITICAL KN[L$GE1 & 9DEFATIGABLE 9DU/RY C\LD EFFECT1 WAS \RS4  ,FROM TORPID SUP95ELS1 WE A/ONI%$ ! 5EMY ) UNREMITT$ ACTIVITY4  ,NOT A %IP1 NOT A MAN1 WAS SUFF]$ TO REMA9 UNEMPLOY$4  ,EUROPE1 ,AM]ICA1 ,AFRICA FELT ! 9FLU5CE ( ,MR4 ,PITT'S *>ACT] 9 AN 9/ANT4  ,HIS GLORY1 9 ! MEAN TIME1 ADVANC$1 LIKE A REGUL> FABRIC4  ,GRADUAL 9 ITS COMM5CEM5T1 IT H[EV]1 DISCOV]$1 TO ! DISC]N+ EYE1 A GR&EUR ( DESIGN1 & PRIMIS$ ! MO/ MAGNIFIC5T EFFECT4  ,BY DEGREES1 IT DISCLOS$ BEAUTY1 UTILITY & MAJE/Y2 IT \T/RET*$ ! EYE ( ! SPECTATOR1 & HID ITS HEAD AMONG ! CL\DS4  

 .<#f#h.>  

 ,?\< ! PREC$+ YE> HAD BE5 UNACCOMPANI$ ) ANY SUCCESSES TO ! ,BRITI% >MS2 IT IS H[EV] ! MO/ BRILLIANT P]IOD 9 ! HI/ORY ( \R ILLU/RI\S ALLY4  ,HE COMM5C$ IT ) A CONSID]ABLE VICTORY1 :I* WAS SUCCE$$ BY A /ILL MORE CONSID]ABLE1 & APP>5TLY DECISIVE1 DEFEAT4  ,BUT1 LIKE ,ANT9U\S1 HE ROSE MORE DREADFUL FROM HIS FALL1 & CLOS$ ! YE> ) ! SUCCESSES ( ,ROSBA* & ,LISSA2 SUCCESSES1 ?AT SEEM$ TO WI!R ! EV]LA/+ LAURELS ( AN ,ALEX&]4  ,SU* IS ! /ORY ( ?IS P]IOD3 &1 AS A CONTEMPOR>Y WRIT] HAS EXPRESS$ IT1 0,IT IS NOT ! /ORY ( A 0 C5TURY2 IT IS ! ACC\NT ( A S+LE CAM0PAIGN40  

 ,! VICTORIES ( ,FR$]IC 5ABL$ ! ,HANOV]IAN >MY TO R5EW !IR HO/ILITIES4  ,! ,FR5* G5]AL1 9 US+ HIS SUP]IORITY1 HAD LAID ASIDE ! PR9CIPLES1 BO? ( POLICY1 & HUMANITY2 & ! TIME WAS N[ COME = HIM TO FEEL ! RES5TM5T ( ! ?OSE1 UPON :OM HE HAD TRAMPL$4  ,NO OCCASIONAL COMPACT CAN ANNIHILATE ! EXT]NAL RI<TS ( HUMANITY4  ,EV5 ! SURR5D] 9 QUE/ION1  

 .<#f#i.>  

 HAD BE5 MADE UPON MUTUAL CONDITIONS3 & NEI!R P>TY HAD C]TA9LY A RI<T TO ! ADVANTAGES1 /IPULAT$ 9 HIS HAV\R2 UNLESS1 ON HIS SIDE1 HE PUNCTUALLY FULFILL$ ! CONDITIONS1 ?AT W]E MADE 9 BEHALF ( HIS ADV]S>Y4  ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ! CAUSE ( ! ALLIES DID NOT N[ SEEM MORE FAVOR$ ( JU/ICE1 ?AN ( =TUNE4  ,!Y EXPELL$ ! 5EMY FROM !IR [N T]RITORIES1 & PURIFI$ !M 9TO ! K+DOM ( ,FRANCE ITSELF4  

 ,= ! RE/1 ! CAMPAIGN ( #ageh WAS *ECK]$ ) VICTORY & DEFEAT4  ,WE CONQU]$ ! ,FR5* SETTLEM5TS ON ! COA/ ( ,AFRICA2 WE L(T ,=T ,/4 ,DAVID'S 9 ! ,EA/-,9DIES4  ,WE SUBDU$ ,L\ISB\RG & ! ISL& ( ,CAPE ,BRETON2 WE W]E REPULS$ ) LOSS AT ,TICOND]OGA4  ,9 \R PR$ATORY EXP$ITIONS1 WE W]E VICTORI\S AT ,*]B\RG2 WE W]E DEFEAT$ AT ,/4 ,CAS4  

 ,IT SEEMS TO ME1 ?AT !SE EXP$ITIONS \<T NOT TO BE PASS$ OV] )\T ANIMADV]SION4  ,!Y UND\BT$LY MANIFE/$ VIGOR & SPIRIT4  ,!Y1 9 SOME MEASURE1 ANSW]$ ! 5DS1 = :I* !Y W]E DE-  

 .<#g.>  

 SIGN$4  ,BUT !Y EXHIBIT W> 9 ITS MO/ =RID =M4  ,IT WAS VISION>Y1 9 !SE SC5ES ( RAP9E1 TO EXPECT TO RE/RA9 !M1 M]ELY TO ! DE/RUCTION ( IMPLEM5TS ( (F5SE  ,!Y WILL EV] FALL1 ) ! GREATE/ SEV]ITY1 UPON ! 9NOC5T & UNRESI/+4--,W> MU/ BE CONSID]$1 BY ! S\L ( HUMANITY1 AS ! SC\RGE ( HUMAN K9D4  ,H] LAWS1 IF WE >E TO CR$IT ! EXPOSITIONS ( !M1 ?AT HAVE REC5TLY BE5 MADE BY M51 :O W\LD ?\<T SKILLFUL 9 ! SCI5CE1 MAY BE BR\<T TO C\NT5ANCE EV]Y WAOTOONEFS1 & EV]Y B>B>ITY4  ,BUT HUMANITY LOOKS ABOVE ?IS4  ,:ATEV] GIVES NEW RUGG$NESS TO ! HORRID SC5E1 & A WID] SPREAD TO ! FIELD ( BLOOD1 %E WILL EV] REG>D ) UNM+L$ ABHORR5CE4  

 ,! MEMORY ( ! SUBSEQU5T CAMPAIGN WILL C]TA9LY NEV] BE ]AS$ FROM ! M9DS ( ITS CONTEMPOR>IES4  ,IT WAS ONE TISSUE ( VICTORY4  ,IT WAS DI/+UI%$ BY ! BATTLE ( ,M9D51 ! MO/ CONSID]ABLE ACTION 9 ! C\RSE ( ! ,G]MAN W>4  ,9 IT1 WE ACQUIR$ ! ASC5DANCY 9 ! ,EA/-,9DIES1  

 .<#g#a.>  

 :I* WE HAVE EV] S9CE BE5 5ABL$ TO MA9TA94  ,WE CAPTUR$ ! ISL& ( ,GUADAL\PE1 ONE ( ! MO/ VALUABLE ( ! ,FR5* SUG> PLANTATIONS4  ,WE SUBDU$ ! =TRESS ( ,NIAG>A1 & POSSESS$ \RSELVES )\T OPPOSITION ( ,TICOND]OGA & ,CR[N ,PO9T4  

 .<#h#a.>  

,*,A,P4 ,I,V4 

 ,ORIG9 ( ! W> ) ,SPA94--,DEA? ( K+ ,GEORGE ! SECOND4--,CABALS ( LORD ,BUTE4-- ,MR4 ,PITT RESIGNS4--,CRITIQUE ( HIS ADM9I/RATION4  

 ,M,R4 ,PITT HAD1 9 ! MEAN TIME1 CALL$ UPON ! ,SPANI% AMBASSADOR1 TO DISAV[ ! MEMORIAL ( ! ,FR5* NEGOCIATOR4 ,HE AV[$ IT 9 ! MO/ (F5SIVE T]MS2 HE AV[$ ! UNION1 ?AT SUBSI/$ BETWE5 ! TWO C\RTS2 & EXTOLL$ ! G5]\SNESS & S9C]ITY ( ! ,FR5* ADVANCES4 ,MR4 ,PITT !N WROTE1 UPON ! SAME SUBJECT TO \R AMBASSADOR AT ! C\RT ( ,MADRID4 ,HE REPRES5T$ ! MEMORIAL1 AS (F5SIVE & 9SOL5T4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 HE DIRECT$ ! M9I/]1 9 CASE HE %\LD P]CEIVE A DISPOSITION 9 ?AT C\RT1 TO EXPLA9 AWAY !IR CONC]N 9 ! BUS9ESS2 ) READ9ESS &1 ADDRESS1 TO ADAPT HIMSELF TO SO DESIRABLE A  

 .<#h#b.>  

 CIRCUM/ANCE2 & TO OP5 TO ! ,SPANI>DS AS H&SOME A RETREAT1 AS POSSIBLE4 ,! ANSW] FROM ,MADRID1 ?\< ACCOMPANI$ ) ?OSE PR(ESSIONS ( AMITY1 :I*1 9 POLITICAL TRANSACTIONS1 SEEM EV] TO BE MO/ C>EFULLY EMPLOY$1 UPON ! EVE ( A DECL>ATION ( W>1 WAS NOT A :IT MORE SATISFACTORY1 ?AN ?AT1 :I* HAD BE5 GIV5 BY !IR AMBASSADOR H]E4 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ,MR4 ,PITT HAD RECEIV$ ! MO/ UND\BT$ 9TELLIG5CE ( ! CONCLUSION ( ! CELEBRAT$ FAMILY COMPACT4 ,?IS ALLIANCE1 :I* FELL LITTLE %ORT ( A UNION ( ! MON>*IES1 SEEM$ ALMO/ ALONE SUFFICI5T1 TO AU?ORIZE A RUPTURE1 :5 IT WAS BECOME1 9 A MANN]1 IMPOSSIBLE1 TO DI/+UI% BETWE5 ! TWO P[]S4  

 ,! SITUATION ,I HAVE DESCRIB$ =M$ A NEW ]A 9 ! !AT] ( CONT5TION4 ,LIKE A LION1 :O REPEAT$LY URG$1 REPEAT$LY DELAY+ TO R\SE HIMSELF FROM HIS SLUMB]1 AT L5G? >ISES 9 HIS MI<T2 SO MAJE/IC & T]RIBLE APPE>$ ! ,BRITI% M9I/]4 ,ALL TEMPORIZ+1 ALL RELAXATION ( ! SPIRIT ( 5T]PRISE WAS AT AN 5D4 ,! 5]GY & AC-  

 .<#h#c.>  

 TIVITY1 ) :I* HIS ADM9I/RATION HAD COMM5C$1 SEEM$ N[ R$\BL$4 ,?OSE VA/ CONCEPTIONS1 & ?AT COMPREH5SIVE VIEW1 BY :I* HIS *>ACT] WAS DI/+UI%$1 ANIMAT$ HIM ) R5EW$ VIGOR1 :5 HE FELT HIMSELF AB\T TO ACT UPON A MORE EXT5D$ SCALE4 ,HE DET]M9$ TO BE BE=E-H& ) ! 5EMY1 & TO COME TO IMM$IATE ACTION4 ,HE =M$ A PLAN = ! SEIZURE ( ! ,SPANI% FLOTA1 UPON :I* !IR REV5UE1 9 A GREAT MEASURE1 DEP5DS4 ,HE SEEMS EV5 TO HAVE IMAG9$ A DESC5T UPON ,CADIZ4 ,HE 9/ANTLY DE/9$ A CONSID]ABLE =CE = ! CAPTURE ( ,M>T9IQUE2 & HE PROBABLY REG>D$ ?IS1 AS A PRELUDE1 TO AN ATTACK UPON ! ,SPANI% SETTLEM5TS 9 ?AT P>T ( ! WORLD4 ,AS ALL HIS CONCEPTIONS W]E MANLY1 HE D\BTLESS1 9 ?AT CASE1 W\LD HAVE BEGUN ) ! MO/ CONSID]ABLE1 ?AT ( ! ,HAVANNAH4 ,BUT A M9E WAS1 AT ?IS MOM5T1 SPRUNG1 ?AT DISP]S$ ALL HIS PROJECTS2 & PUT AN 5D TO AN ADM9I/RATION1 :I* HAD GIV5 LU/]1 BE=E UNKN[N1 TO ! HONOR$ NAME ( ,BRITA94  

 .<#h#d.>  

 ,! CAMPAIGN ( #agei HAD DAZZL$ ! PEOPLE ( ,5GL&4 ,! CAMPAIGN ( #a#g#f1 LESS BRILLIANT & ACTIVE1 RE/OR$ !M TO !IR S5SES4 ,!Y BEGAN TO REFLECT ON ! NATURE ( ?AT CONT95TAL W>1 9 :I* !Y W]E 9VOLV$4 ,!Y C\LD NOT =GET1 ?AT ,MR4 ,PITT HAD H]ET(ORE BE5 ITS W>ME/ OPPON5T4 ,HIS F]VID1 CAU/IC /ILE ( ELOQU5CE1 ?AT MADE SO LA/+ AN IMPRESSION UPON HIS AUDITORS1 WAS LITTLE CALCULAT$ = A MAN1 V]SATILE & UNC]TA9 9 HIS POLITICAL PR9CIPLES4 ,!Y RECOLLECT$ ! TIME1 :5 HE HAD DECL>$ ) AN 5]GY1 PECULI>LY HIS [N1 ?AT HE W\LD NEV] CONS5T TO \R SP>+ 0A MAN--NO1 NOT HALF A MAN10 TO MA9TA9 A CONT95TAL QU>REL 9 ! FIELDS ( ,G]MANY4 ----,9DEP5D5TLY ( ?IS CIRCUM/ANCE1 !Y RECOLLECT$ ! NATURE ( ?OSE CONT95TAL CONNECTIONS1 :I* HAD H]ET(ORE BE5 SO MU* ! OBJECT ( DISPUTE4 ,!Y HAD ALL BE5 CONF$]ACIES ( MANY CONSID]ABLE P[]S 9 ,EUROPE1 TO *ECK ! AMBITI\S VIEWS ( ,FRANCE4 ,NO MAN HAD D>$ TO PROPOSE \R 5GAG+ 9 SU* A FIELD1 )\T ?AT SUPPORT4 ,NO MAN HAD ?\<T ( OPPOS+ HIMSELF TO ANY  

 .<#h#e.>  

 ?+1 BUT \R UNNECESS>ILY TAK+ ! LEAD 9 ! DISPUTE1 & EX]T+ \RSELVES BEYOND ! PROPORTION ( ! RE/ ( ! ALLIES4 ,:AT JUDGM5T !N MU/ !Y =M ( A CASE1 9 :I* ,EUROPE WAS SO F> FROM BE+ AL>M$ BY ! AMBITION ( ,FRANCE1 ?AT ALL H] MO/ CONSID]ABLE P[]S COMB9$ 9 H] FAVOR8 ,:AT JUDGM5T MU/ !Y =M ( A CASE1 9 :I* WE S+LY 5C\NT]$ !M ALL2 9 :I* VICTORY APPE>$ UNACCOMPANI$ ) ADVANTAGE1 & DEFEAT WAS D\BLY DE/RUCTIVE4----,ADD TO ?IS1 !Y C\LD NOT BUT BEHOLD ) REGRET ! TREASURES1 ?AT W]E SQU&]$ UPON ?IS USELESS OBJECT4 ,HAD ! HALF ( !M BE5 DIV]T$ 9TO ! L9E ( M>ITIME EX]TION1 \R SUCCESS1 !Y BELIEV$1 HAD BE5 UNB\ND$2 & A PEACE EQUALLY SPE$Y & HONORABLE4  

 ,! SE$S ( ?IS K9D ( DISAFFECTION W]E ALREADY DISSEM9AT$1 & !RE SEEM$ NO?+ WANT+1 BUT AN ABLE /ATESMAN1 TO TURN !M TO HIS [N ADVANTAGE4 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 K+ ,GEORGE ! SECOND1 9 COMPLAISANCE TO :OSE PREJUDICES ! CONT95TAL W> HAD BE5 UND]TAK51 DI$4 ,HIS REIGN HAD BE5 LONG1 & HE DI$ MORE ADVANC$  

 .<#h#f.>  

 9 AGE1 ?AN ANY ( HIS PR$ECESSORS4 ,NOT)/&+ :I*1 HE HAD ! R>E =TUNE1 ( DY+ 9 ! HEI<T ( POPUL> V5]ATION1 & WAS S9C]ELY REGRETT$ BY ! :OLE K+DOM4 ,HE HAD FEW P]SONAL ATTA*M5TS TO HIS M9I/]S4 ,&1 ?\< ,MR4 ,PITT WAS ORIG9ALLY =C$ UPON HIM1 MU* AGA9/ HIS 9CL9ATION2 YET ! SUCCESS ( HIS S*EME AT L5G? EFFECT$ A RECONCILEM5T2 & HE HAD ! HAPP9ESS1 TO BE1 AT ONCE1 HI< 9 ! FAVOR ( HIS SOV]EIGN1 & ! OBJECT ( APPLAUSE & ADORATION TO ! PEOPLE4  

 ,! PR$ILECTION ( ONE MON>*1 IS R>ELY A RECOMM5DATION TO ! GOOD OP9ION ( HIS SUCCESSOR4 ,MR4 ,PITT H[EV]1 = ! PRES5T1 RETA9$ HIS SITUATION4 ,BUT ! Y\NG PR9CE HAD A GOV]NOR & A FRI5D1 :O GAVE A NEW TURN TO ! POLITICS ( ! K+DOM1 & MAKES A CONSPICU\S FIGURE 9 ! HI/ORY ( ! REIGN4 ,IT WAS ! E>L ( ,BUTE4 ,HIS TEMP] WAS RECLUSE & RES]V$4 ,! SCI5CES1 TO :I* HE WAS ATTA*$1 W]E ?OSE1 ?AT CONSI/ 9 COLD & M9UTE 9VE/IGATION4 ,HE WAS HESITAT+1 PREV>ICAT+ & TIMID2 ! QUALITIES1 ?AT =M  

 .<#h#g.>  

 ! DISCRIM9AT+1 *>ACT] ( A /UD5T4 ,! LIBR>Y1 & NOT ! CAB9ET1 WAS ! SC5E1 = :I* NATURE HAD DE/9$ HIM4 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 HE WAS S5SIBLE TO ! GOAD ( AMBITION4 ,) ?AT CONCEIT ( HIS [N TAL5TS1 :I* SOLITUDE IS CALCULAT$ TO 9SPIRE1 HE =M$ NO LESS A PLAN1 ?AN TO DRIVE1 FROM ! HELM ( AFFAIRS1 ! MO/ POPUL>1--,I HAD ALMO/ SAID1 ! ABLE/ M9I/]1 BY :OM IT WAS EV] GUID$2 & TO SEIZE1 ONCE = ALL1 ! GOV]NM5T ( A MI<TY K+DOM4  

 ,HE BEGAN BY TURN+ TO ACC\NT ?AT DISLIKE1 :I* WAS 9S5SIBLY GA9+ GR\ND1 TO ! CONT95TAL SY/EM4 ,HE C>EFULLY DISSEM9AT$ ?OSE PR9CIPLES1 & HELD =? HIS PUPIL1 AS ! DELIV]] ( ,5GL& FROM SO 5ORM\S A BURD54 ,9 ! NEXT PLACE1 HE EXAM9$ ! MAT]IALS1 ( :I* ! ADM9I/RATION WAS COMPOS$4 ,!Y W]E HET]OG5E\S & DISSIMIL>4 ,NO?+1 BUT ! PR$OM9ANT ABILITIES ( ,MR4 ,PITT1 HAD HELD !M TOGE!R = SO LONG A TIME4 ,( ! TWO O!R LEAD]S1 ,MR4 ,FOX HAD A P]SONAL ANIMOSITY TO ! SECRET>Y2 & ! DUKE ( ,NEWCA/LE LOOK$ BACK1 ) RE-  

 .<#h#h.>  

 GRET1 TO ! TIME1 9 :I* HE HAD SO IMPOT5TLY WIELD$ ! GOV]NM5T ( HIS C\NTRY1 )\T CONTR\L4 ,! PA? ( ! FAVORITE WAS1 9 ?IS CASE1 OBVI\S & EASY4 ,HE 5T]$ 9TO AN 9TIMATE CONNECTION ) ,MR4 ,FOX1 :O WAS TOO P5ETRAT+ TO BE DECEIV$1 & :OSE SKILL 9 P>LIAM5T>Y MANAGEM5T W\LD DO HIM ! MO/ ESS5TIAL S]VICE4 ,( ! DUKE ( ,NEWCA/LE1 WEAK & ASPIR+1 HE B\<T ! ASSI/ANCE1 AT A *EAP] RATE1 BY FLATT]+ ! FOND EXPECTATIONS HE HAD =M$ FROM ! FALL ( HIS RIVAL4  

 ,! 9FLU5CE ( ! SECRET>Y WAS N[ S5SIBLY DECL9+4 ,ONE ( ! MO/ /RIK+ SYMPTOMS1 & :I* \<T TO HAVE GIV5 HIM ! MO/ S]I\S AL>M1 WAS ! DISMISSION ( HIS FAI?FUL ASSOCIATE1 ,MR4 ,LEGGE1 FROM ! SUP]9T5D5CY ( ! F9ANCES4 ,BUT1 AS HE HAD ALWAYS ACT$ ALONE1 & NOT 9LI/$ HIMSELF 9 A P>TY2 SO HE SEEMS NEV] TO HAVE =M$ ANY VIOL5T ATTA*M5TS4 ,HE PROBABLY CONSID]$ HIS 9FLU5CE1 AS ( A SPECIES ( ITS [N1 & NECESS>ILY UNCONTROLABLE4 ,! E>L ( ,BUTE WAS1 AT ! SAME  

 .<#h#i.>  

 TIME1 APPO9T$ SECRET>Y ( /ATE1 TOGE!R ) ,MR4 ,PITT4  

 ,AT L5G?1 9 ! CRITICAL MOM5T1 9 :I* HIS IMAG9ATION WAS FIR$ ) ITS L>GE/1 & MO/ COMPREH5SIVE PLAN1 HE F\ND HIMSELF SUDD5LY & 9V9CIBLY PREV5T$4 ,9 ! C\NCILS1 ?AT W]E HELD UPON ?IS BUS9ESS1 HE DEMON/RAT$1 9 A MANN]1 HE APPREH5D$1 ! MO/ 9CONTE/IBLE1 ! HO/ILE DISPOSITIONS ( ,SPA94 ,HE EXPATIAT$ UPON ! AL>M+ NATURE ( ! FAMILY COMPACT1 ( ! CONCLUSION ( :I* HE HAD RECEIV$ ! FULLE/ 9TELLIG5CE4 ,HE TOLD !M1 ?AT ?IS WAS ! 9/ANT TO ATTACK ,SPA91 UNPREP>$ & ) ADVANTAGE4 ,EV5 :ILE !Y DELIB]AT$1 ! TIME W\LD BE PA/4 ,N[ %E WAS WILL+ TO TEMPORIZE4 ,SO SOON AS H] TREASURE W]E SAFE 9 H] H>BORS1 HE PROPHESI$1 ) ! UTMO/ CONFID5CE1 %E W\LD KEEP T]MS ) US NO LONG]4 ,BEYOND ?AT TIME1 WE MI<T 5DEAVOR TO DEF] HO/ILITIES1 9 VA94--,!SE ?+S H[EV]1 ) :ATEV] ELSE HE C\LD URGE1 W]E TO NO PURPOSE4 ,HE F\ND ! :OLE C\NCIL1 ) A S+LE EXCEPTION1 7E>L ,TEMPLE17 DIVID+ AGA9FT HIM4  

 .<#i.>  

 ,!Y REPRES5T$ IT1 AS LITTLE LESS ?AN MADNESS1 9 !IR PRES5T SITUATION1 TO 5GAGE PRECIPITATELY ) A NEW 5EMY4 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 !Y DECL>$ !MSELVES WILL+ TO MA9TA9 ! HONOR ( ,BRITA91 &1 IF EXPO/ULATIONS PROV$ 9EFFECTUAL1 TO SUPPORT ! SECRET>Y 9 ! VIGOR\S PROSECUTION ( A W>4  

 ,?REE TIMES WAS ?IS IMPORTANT QUE/ION DELIB]AT$4 ,AT L5G?1 ,MR4 ,PITT ROSE UP1 & DECL>$ ONCE MORE1 ?AT ?IS1 HE WAS CONV9C$1 WAS ! TIME = HUMBL+ ! :OLE H\SE ( ,B\RBON2 ?AT1 ?IS OPPORTUNITY OMITT$1 IT C\LD NEV] BE RECOV]$2 &1 ( CONSEQU5CE1 S9CE HE C\LD NOT PREVAIL H]E1 HE WAS RESOLV$1 ?AT %\LD BE ! LA/ TIME HE W\LD SIT 9 C\NCIL4 ,HE ?ANK$ ! M9I/]S ( ! LATE K+ = !IR SUPPORT4 ,HE SAID1 ?AT1 = HIS [N P>T1 HE HAD BE5 CALL$ 9TO ADM9I/RATION BY ! VOICE ( ! PEOPLE2 TO !M1 HE CONSID]$ HIMSELF1 AS ACC\NTABLE = HIS CONDUCT2 & HE C\LD NOT REMA9 9 A SITUATION1 ?AT MADE HIM RESPONSIBLE = MEASURES1 :I* HE WAS NO LONG] ALL[$ TO GUIDE4  

 .<#i#a.>  

 ,IT HAD BE5 ! GLORY ( ,MR4 ,PITT'S GOV]NM5T1 TO ABOLI% ! SPIRIT ( P>TY1 & TO 9TRODUCE 9TO ! S5ATE AN UNANIMITY HI!RTO UNEXP]I5C$4 ,! AMBITION ( LORD ,BUTE BR\<T ?+S BACK AGA9 TO !IR ORIG9AL *AOS1 & GAVE NEW LIFE TO ALL ! BITT]NESS & IMPLACABILITY ( FACTION4 ,A CIRCUM/ANCE1 ?AT OCCURR$1 AT ?IS TIME1 DES]VES TO BE M5TION$1 = ! S+UL>ITY1 ?AT ATT5D$ IT4 ,UPON ,MR4 ,PITT'S DECL>+ HIS 9T5TION TO RESIGN1 E>L ,GRANVILLE1 =M]LY LORD ,C>T]ET1 :O HAD1 = SOME TIME1 POSSESS$ ! APPO9TM5T ( PRESID5T ( C\NCIL1 ROSE UP TO SPEAK4--,WE >E H]E PRES5T$ ) ! 9CID5T1 :I* FACTION TOOK TO WORK UPON4 ,ONE P>TY REPRES5T HIM1 AS ADDRESS+ ! SECRET>Y1 ) ALL ! ASP]ITY ( /UDI$ 9SULT4 0,I F9D10 SAID HE1 0! G5TLEMAN IS DET]M9$ TO LEAVE US1 NOR CAN ,I SAY1 ,I AM SORRY = IT4 ,HE W\LD O!RWISE HAVE C]TA9LY OBLIG$ US TO LEAVE HIM4 ,IF 9DE$ HE BE RESOLV$ TO APPROPRIATE ! RI<T ( ADVIS+ HIS MAJE/Y1 & DIRECT+ ! OP]ATIONS ( W>1 TO :AT PURPOSE >E WE CALL$ TO ?IS C\NCIL8 ,HE TALKS ( BE+ RESPONSIBLE TO ! PEOPLE4 ,LET HIM REMEMB]1 ?AT ?IS  

 .<#i#b.>  

 IS TO TALK ! LANGUAGE ( ! H\SE ( COMMONS2 & ?AT1 AT ?IS BO>D1 HE IS RESPONSIBLE ONLY TO ! K+4 ,HE MAY POSSIBLY HAVE CONV9C$ HIMSELF ( HIS 9FALLIBILITY4 ,BUT IT /ILL REMA9S1 ?AT WE %\LD BE EQUALLY CONV9C$2 BE=E WE CAN RESIGN \R UND]/&+S TO HIS DIRECTION1 OR JO9 ) HIM 9 ! MEASURES HE PROPOSES40--,ACCORD+ TO ! ACC\NT H[EV] ( ,MR4 ,PITT'S ADVOCATES1 LORD ,GRANVILLE REPEAT$LY & PUBLICLY D5I$ ! HAV+ SAID ANY ?+ ( ?IS SORT4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 !Y REPRES5T HIM1 AS HAV+ DECL>$ HIS V]Y HI< OP9ION ( ! SECRET>Y'S WISDOM1 P5ETRATION1 HONOR & 9TEGRITY2 & AS /AT+1 9 A MO/ P>TICUL> & EMPHATICAL MANN]1 ! MANY & 9SURM\NTABLE DIFFICULTIES1 ) :I* HE HAD HAD TO /RUGGLE4--,! AU?ORITIES1 BY :I* !SE TWO V]Y DIFF]5T ACC\NTS HAVE BE5 V\*SAF$ TO ! PUBLIC1 >E SO EQUALLY MAT*$1 ?AT WE HAVE NO?+1 BUT ! 9T]NAL EVID5CE ( EA*1 BY :I* TO DET]M9E \R PREF]5CE4  

 .<#i#c.>  

 ,! CONSEQU5CES ( ! PROCRA/9ATION ( ! ,5GLI% GOV]NM5T W]E D\BTLESS HI<LY DISADVANTAGE\S4 ,IF !Y C\LD HAVE BE5 PREV5T$1 )\T ANY BREA* ( HONOR & DIGNITY1 ! NOT PREV5T+ !M DID C]TA9LY DES]VE ! L\DE/ CONDEMNATION4 ,IF ,MR4 ,PITT MEANT1 AS HE PROBABLY DID2 & AS ! REF]5CE1 MADE1 BY HIS FRI5DS1 TO ! MANN]1 9 :I* ! W> ORIG9ALLY COMM5C$1 /RONGLY CONFIRMS2 TO SET \T ) ACTS ( PIRACY & SURPRISE3 ,I BELIEVE1 ! PHILOSOPH] & ! CITIZ5 ( ! WORLD1 WILL NOT HESITATE TO PRON\NCE1 ?AT ADVANTAGES1 H[EV] GREAT ?AT MU/ BE SO B\<T1 MU/ BE B\<T TOO DE>4 ,FIAT JU/ITIA1 RUAT CAELUM1 IS P]HAPS AN HYP]BOLICAL MAXIM1 ?AT WILL NOT ADMIT ( A /RICT EXAM9ATION4 ,! PR9CIPLE H[EV]1 9 :I* IT IS F\ND$1 IS NOT LESS JU/1 ?AN IT IS BEAUTIFUL4 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 IT IS C]TA91 ?AT ! DELAY ( ! SUCCE$+ M9I/]S WAS GREAT]1 ?AN SU* A PR9CIPLE C\LD REQUIRE4 ,H[ F> ! S*EMES ( ,MR4 ,PITT MI<T HAVE BE5 RECONCIL$1 ) OP5 PROCE$+S1 & AN HONE/ DECL>ATION ( W>1 ,I WILL NOT TAKE UPON ME TO PRON\NCE4 ,IT MAY NOT H[-  

 .<#i#d.>  

 EV] BE IMPROP] TO REM>K1 ?AT ?IS IS ONE ( REPEAT$ 9/ANCES1 :I* ! DISC]N+ EYE WILL OBS]VE1 9 ! C\RSE ( ?IS HI/ORY1 TO PROVE1 H[ F> EXALT$ G5IUS IS COMPATIBLE ) LOCAL PREJUDICES2 & H[ DIFFICULT IT IS1 TO BE1 AT ONCE1 A GREAT /ATESMAN1 & A CITIZ5 ( ! WORLD4  

 ,! RESIGNATION ( ,MR4 ,PITT WAS C]TA9LY F\ND$ 9 ! HI<E/ RECTITUDE4 ,RESPONSIBILITY IS ! FIR/ PR9CIPLE ( A FREE GOV]NM5T2 & ! CONFID5CE ( ! PEOPLE ! ONLY BASIS ( A GOOD ADM9I/RATION4 ,BY A CAB9ET1 :OSE OPPOSITION TO HIM1 WAS UNQUALIFI$1 9 SO LEAD+ A MEASURE1 HE C\LD EXPECT TO BE ALL[$ NO SCOPE ( ACTION1 NOR ! SMALLE/ P>TICLE ( DISCRETION>Y P[]4 ,! DISADVANTAGE\S EFFECTS1 ?AT FL[$ FROM AN OPPOSITE L9E ( CONDUCT1 DEMON/RATE ! MAGNITUDE ( ! QUE/ION1 ?AT DIVID$ !M4 ,MR4 ,PITT'S SECESSION WAS NECESS>Y1 9 C&OR TO ! PEOPLE1 & TO 5ABLE !M TO FIX ! ]A ( ! *ANGE ( MEASURES4 ,IT WAS A PIECE ( FRI5D%IP TO HIS BRO!R M9I/]S1 FROM :OSE S*EMES IF ANY SUCCESS C\LD BE EXPECT$1 IT C\LD C]TA9LY BE MO/  

 .<#i#e.>  

 RATIONALLY EXPECT$1 :5 !Y W]E P]MITT$ TO ACT1 )\T DI/RACTION1 & )\T CONTROL4  

 ,MR4 ,PITT RESIGN$ ON ! FIF? ( ,OCTOB]4 ,ON ! ELEV5?1 HIS RESIGNATION WAS SIGNIFI$ 9 ! GAZETTE1 TOGE!R ) ! CREATION ( LADY ,HE/] ,PITT1 HIS WIFE1 B>ONNESS ( ,*A?AM1 & HIS [N ACCEPTANCE ( AN ANNUITY ( ,G,B,P#c4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 IT CONTA9$ AN >TICLE ( 9TELLIG5CE FROM ,MADRID1 CALCULAT$ TO EV9CE ! PACIFIC 9T5TIONS ( ?AT C\RT1 & ( CONSEQU5CE1 TO %[ ! WEAKNESS & PRECIPITATION ( ,MR4 ,PITT'S ADVISE4 ,BY ?IS >TIFICE1 ! E>L ( ,BUTE HOP$1 9 SOME MEASURE1 TO TURN ! TIDE ( POPUL> DISAPPROBATION4 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 HE ADD$ ! EMPLOYM5T ( A SET ( UNPR9CIPL$ SCRIBBL]S1 TO PLACE !SE CIRCUM/ANCES 9 ! MO/ FAVORABLE LI<T1 & TO ASP]SE & VILIFY ! *>ACT] ( ! SAVIOR ( !IR C\NTRY6  

 ,ONE ( ! PO9TS1 UPON :I* !Y EXPATIAT$1 WAS ! R$UC$ CONDITION ( ! K+ ( ,PRUSSIA4 ,HE HAD /RUGGL$ = SIX CAMPAIGNS1 AGA9/ ALL ,EUROPE1 9 A MANN]1  

 .<#i#f.>  

 COMB9$ AGA9/ HIM1 ) AN ACTIVITY1 =TITUDE & P]SEV]ANCE1 ?AT SURPASS ALL =M] EXAMPLES ( H]OISM1 ,NEV] WAS IT KN[N1 ?AT A CONF$]ACY1 MADE UP ( SO DISJO9T$ MAT]IALS1 %\LD HAVE CONT9U$ SO LONG UNBROK54 ,AT L5G?1 EXHAU/$1 & 5TR5*$ UPON1 ON EV]Y SIDE1 IT SEEM$1 AS IF NO?+1 BUT AN IMM$IATE 9T]POSITION ( PROVID5CE1 C\LD PRES]VE HIM FROM RU94 ,?IS 9T]POSITION SOON AFT] TOOK PLACE 9 ! DEA? ( ! ,CZ>9A3 AN EV5T1 ?AT OP5$ AN IMM$IATE VI/A ?R\< ! GLOOM1 & GRADUALLY OBTA9$ = HIM SU* A SUP]IORITY OV] HIS ANTAGONI/S1 AS 5ABL$ HIM TO DICTATE ! T]MS ( ACCOMMODATION4  

 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 IT SEEM$ NOT IMPROBABLE1 ?AT ANO!R CAMPAIGN MI<T HAVE BE5 FATAL TO HIM4 ,! RU9 ( ! K+ ( ,PRUSSIA1 MU/ NECESS>ILY HAVE BE5 FOLL[$1 BY ! DE/RUCTION ( ! >MY 9 ,WE/PHALIA4 ,) A =ESI<T ( !SE CIRCUM/ANCES1 ,MR4 ,PITT1 !Y SAID1 HAD F\<T TO DIV]T ! ATT5TION ( ! PUBLIC1 BY 9VOLV+ US 9 A NEW QU>REL ) ! C\RT ( ,MADRID4  

 .<#i#g.>  

 ,DISAPPO9T$ 9 ?IS1 HAV+ /E]$ ! VESSEL ( ! /ATE 9TO ! MID/ ( %OALS & QUICKS&S1 HE DES]T$ ! HELM 9 RAGE & DESPAIR2 & LEFT HIS FELL[ M9I/]S TO EXTRICATE !MSELVES1 AS !Y C\LD4--,H[ REASONABLE ?IS IS 9 ITSELF1 & H[ CONSI/5T ) ! *>ACT] ( ,MR4 ,PITT1 ,I %ALL LEAVE TO MY READ]S TO DET]M9E4  

 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ?IS P>T ( !IR ACCUSATION1 SEEMS TO HAVE LEFT NO IMPRESSION UPON ! M9DS ( ! PEOPLE4 ,9 ANO!R *>GE !Y BR\<T AGA9/ HIM1 !Y HAD SOME:AT BETT] SUCCESS4 ,! CRY ( P5SION IS ONE ( ! WAT*-WORDS ( VULG> 9DIGNATION1 & IT WAS NOT 5TIRELY )\T ITS EFFECT4 ,BUT ! PEOPLE ( ,5GL& W]E NOT LONG MISS$ 9 ?IS RESPECT4 ,!Y PRES5TLY SAW ?R\<1 & DESPIS$ ! /RATAGEM1 ?AT WAS ATTEMPT$ TO BE PLAY$ UPON !M4 ,! G5]OSITY ( A FREE C\NTRY C\LD NOT SUFF] !M TO BE BL9D$ TO SO ESS5TIAL S]VICES4 ,9 A WORD1 ,MR4 ,PITT LO/ LITTLE1 OR NO?+ ( HIS POPUL>ITY1 & ! G5]AL 9DIGNATION FELL BACK1 ) R$\BL$ VIOL5CE1 UPON HIS SUCCESSORS4  

 .<#i#h.>  

 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ,I AM NOT APPREH5SIVE1 ?AT1 ) ! COOL & IMP>TIAL1 ,MR4 ,PITT'S CONDUCT WILL NE$ ANY V9DICATION4 ,IF ! PUBLIC MONEY W]E ALWAYS BE/[$ 9 ?IS PROPORTION TO DES]T1 !RE W\LD C]TA9LY BE NO DANG] ( ITS BE+ SQU&]$4 ,! MO/ DIS9T]E/$ *>ACT]1 ?AT LIVES1 :5 HE HAS A PO/]ITY TO PROVIDE =1 MAY SURELY BE ALL[$ TO ACCEPT SO SMALL AN ACKN[L$GM5T1 = SO SIGNAL S]VICES4 ,! MULTITUDE >E TOO APT TO CONF\ND SU* AN ACCEPTANCE1 ) AN 9FAM\S B>GA9 = ! SACRIFICE ( 9TEGRITY4 ,BUT C]TA9LY NO?+ ( ?IS SORT IS NECESS>ILY 9CLUD$4 ,%\LD WE ALL[ IT TO IMPLY A SORT ( OBLIGATION1 NOT TO RUN 9TO ALL ! ASP]ITIES ( FACTION2 LET IT BE REMEMB]$1 ?AT ?IS W]E ALSO UNWOR?Y ( ! EXALTATION ( ,MR4 ,PITT'S *>ACT]1 & ! VA/ SPACE1 ?AT HE FILL$ 9 ! EYE ( HIS C\NTRY4 ,& IT \<T NOT1 9 ANY JU/ CON/RUCTION1 TO 9T]F]E1 ) A COOL1 MANLY & 9DEP5D5T DECL>ATION ( S5TIM5T UPON ANY OCCASION4  

 .<#i#i.>  

 ,HAV+ BR\<T ! /ORY ( ,MR4 ,PITT'S ADM9I/RATION TO A CLOSE1 IT MAY BE WOR? :ILE1 TO 5DEAVOR TO =M A G5]AL E/IMATE ( ITS M]ITS4 ,! SAME SPIRIT ( P>TY1 ?AT1 9 A =M] 9/ANCE1 HAD 9DUC$ ITS 9FATUAT$ VOT>IES1 TO QUE/ION ! DUKE ( ,M>LBOR\<'S CAPACITY AS A G5]AL2 DID NOT FAIL1 9 ! PRES5T CASE1 TO 9DUCE SOME P]SONS TO ASS]T1 ?AT ! SUCCESSES ( ,MR4 ,PITT'S M9I/RY1 W]E [+ 9TIRELY TO ! COMM&]S1 ?AT EXECUT$1 &1 9 NO DEGREE1 TO ! M9I/]1 ?AT PLANN$ !M4 ,9 HIMSELF1 HE WAS HEAD/RONG & PRECIPITATE2 BUT =TUNE SMIL$1 & VICTORY SET H] SEAL UPON HIS UND]TAK+S4  

 ,IT MU/ BE [N$1 ?AT ! GOOD CONDUCT ( A G5]AL1 9 ANY P>TICUL> 9/ANCE1 IS1 9 SOME DEGREE1 MORE PALPABLE1 ?AN ! GOOD CONDUCT ( A M9I/] AT W>4 ,IT IS DIFFICULT1 UPON ! MO/ CIRCUM/ANTIAL DOCUM5TS1 &1 9 A MANN]1 IMPOSSIBLE1 UPON A CURSORY VIEW1 TO DRAW ! L9E1 :]E ! M]ITS ( ! PROJECT 5DS1 & ?AT ( ! EXECUTION BEG9S4 ,BUT1 )\T 5T]+ 9TO SU* DETAIL1 !RE IS A G5]AL EVI-  

 .<#a.>  

 D5CE >ISES1 SUFFICI5T TO DET]M9E EV]Y 9TELLIG5T SPECTATOR4 ,9 A S+LE 9/ANCE1 A MAN MAY BE =TUNATE1 OR WELL SUPPORT$2 HE MAY BE VICTORI\S1 )\T M]IT1 & EV5 H&$ D[N TO IMMORTALITY1 )\T HAV+ POSSESS$1 EI!R =TITUDE1 OR COMMON S5SE4 ,BUT A *A9 ( SUCCESSES C>RIES CONVICTION UPON ! FACE ( IT4  

 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 WE NE$ NOT H]E CONF9E \RSELVES TO REASON+S1 :I* APPLY EQUALLY 9 A ?\S& CASES4 ,!RE IS A LU/] 9 ! PRES5T1 ?AT IS PECULI> TO ,MR4 ,PITT4 ,WE NE$ BUT CONTRA/ ! FIR/ YE>S ( ! W>1 ) ?OSE1 ?AT IMM$IATELY SUCCE$$ ! P]IOD1 9 :I* HE ASSUM$ ! DIRECTION ( AFFAIRS1 9 ORD] TO ! BE+ /RUCK ) ! FULLE/ CONVICTION4 ,DUR+ ! =M]1 ALL WAS WEAKNESS1 DEJECTION1 /UP\R & 9ANITY4 ,9 ! COMM5CEM5T ( ! LATT]1 VIGOR PRES5T$ ITSELF 9 ! PLACE ( REMISSNESS2 & ! GALLANTRY ( 9VASION SUCCE$$ TO ! C[>DICE ( UNRESI/+ PASSIVITY4 ,LATELY1 ! NATION SEEM$ TO BE MADE UP ( ISOLAT$ 9DIVIDUALS1 :]E EA* MAN WAS LEFT1 BY HIS UN9T]E/$ NEI<BOR1 TO ! DEF5SE ( HIS [N  

 .<#a#a.>  

 P]SON & PROP]TY4 ,N[1 !Y W]E =M$ 9TO AN UNCONQU]ABLE >MY ( BRO!RS1 & !IR EX]TIONS CONC5T]$ BY ! >D5T SPIRIT ( PATRIOTISM4 ,LATELY1 !Y SEEM$ ABSOLUTELY DE/ITUTE ( COMM&]S2 OR HAD COMM&]S1 :O CONT5T$LY 5TR5*$ !MSELVES1 BEH9D ! COLD DICTATES ( CAUTI\S PRUD5CE1 OR ! UN9TELLIGIBLE QUIBBLES ( MILIT>Y LAW4 ,N[1 !Y W]E L$ BY A RACE ( H]OES4 ,:5CE CAME ?IS *ANGE8 ,DID ,MR4 ,PITT ACTUALLY CREATE A NEW RACE ( M58 ,NO3 BUT HE BLEW ! TRUMPET ( W>2 ) ! VOICE ( IRRESI/IBLE ELOQU5CE2 & HE DISPLAY$ ! CONSECRAT$ /&>D ( UNCONQU]ABLE ABILITIES4 ,HE BECAME AT ONCE1 ! RUL+ HEAD ( ,BRITA92 & ! MEMB]S1 ) ONE CONS5T1 IMPLICITLY SUBMITT$ TO HIS DIRECTION4 ,DID ! G5]ALS ,MR4 ,PITT EMPLOY$1 EXI/1 BE=E HE WAS CALL$ 9TO P[]8 ,MO/ TRUE4 ,BUT HE L$ !M =?1 FROM ! TORPOR ( UNNOTIC$ OBSCURITY1 & BREA!D 9TO !M HIS [N 5T]PRIS+ & UNDAUNT$ SPIRIT4  

 ,HE DID NOT RESEMBLE ?OSE ACCOMPLI%$ G5TLEM5 :O ACCEPT ( EMPLOYM5T1 =  

 .<#a#b.>  

 ! SAKE ( ! ECLAT1 ?AT IT BR+S1 OR ! EMOLUM5TS1 ?AT ATT5D IT2 & CANNOT BR+ !MSELVES TO SUBMIT TO ! DRUDG]Y ( (FICE4 ,FROM HIS Y\?1 HE HAD BE5 NO /RANG] TO SEV]E APPLICATION4 ,=M$1 BY NATURE1 TO BE A MAN ( BUS9ESS1 HE WAS UNWE>I$ 9 ! DIS*>GE ( IT2 & HE =GOT ALL HIS P]SONAL CONC]NS 9 ! WELF>E ( HIS C\NTRY4 ,! P>ADE ( LEVEES HE ABJUR$4 ,! DI/RIBUTION ( PLACES & P5SIONS HE RESIGN$ TO HIS COLLEAGUES 9 (FICE4 ,HIS H\RS W]E DEVOT$ TO ! ESS5TIAL 9T]E/S ( ,BRITA94 ,HE TOOK1 9 SOME MANN]1 ! OV]SI<T ( EV]Y DEP>TM5T ( GOV]NM5T1 UPON HIMSELF4 ,HIS 9TELLIG5CE1 FROM =EIGN C\NTRIES1 WAS E>LY1 AU!NTIC & UNIV]SAL4 ,POSSESS$ ( ! SECRETS ( \R 5EMIES1 UND]/&+ !IR /RONG & !IR WEAK SIDES1 HE ACCORD+LY =M$ HIS CONCLUSIONS1 & ]ECT$ HIS PROJECTS4 ,DUR+ HIS ADM9I/RATION1 ! NATION HAD CONFID5CE 9 GOV]NM5T1 & ! SPIRIT ( ! PEOPLE WAS ) IT4 ,HIS NAME ALONE /RUCK T]ROR 9TO \R 5EMIES4 ,F9ALLY1 9 HIS NEGOTIATIONS1 HE NEV] FAIL$ TO SUPPORT ! HONOR ( ! CR[N1 :I* HE S]V$1 &  

 .<#a#c.>  

 ! S]5E DIGNITY ( ! CONQUE/S HE HAD OBTA9$4  

 ,SU* !N W]E ! ABILITIES ,MR4 ,PITT DISPLAY$4 ,BUT A MORE IMPORTANT QUE/ION1 RELATIVE TO HIS ADM9I/RATION1 REMA9S TO BE EXAM9$4 ,I MEAN ?AT ( ! ADVANTAGE1 OR DETRIM5T1 ( :I*1 9 AN EXT5SIVE VIEW1 IT MAY HAVE BE5 PRODUCTIVE1 TO ?IS C\NTRY2 & ( ITS CONSI/5CY1 ) ! G5]AL 9T]E/S ( MANK9D4  

 ,& H]E1 WE CANNOT HELP1 9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 DROPP+ ! TE> ( HUMANITY1 OV] ! MO/ G5]AL1 & WIDELY WA/+ W>1 ( :I* !RE IS P]HAPS ANY EXAMPLE 9 ! ANNALS ( HI/ORY4 ,:AT 9DIGNATION DOES NOT ! G5]\S SPIRIT FEEL1 :5 HE SEES ! COLD1 9ANIMAT$ POLITICIAN1 ISSU+ HIS PRECEPTS FROM ! CAB9ET2 &1 = ! UN9TELLIGIBLE OBJECTS ( A S5SELESS AMBITION1 RIOT+ 9 ! BLOOD ( ?\S&S1 & TURN+ \T DEF5SELESS TRIBES1 TO ALL ! V>IETY ( WRET*$NESS8 ,IF1 9 SPITE ( A ?\S& O!R >GUM5TS1 WE NE$$ ANY FRE% PRO( ( AN AFT] RETRIBUTION1 H]E IT IS PRES5T$ TO US1 9 9EXT+UI%ABLE COLORS4 ,NO?+1  

 .<#a#d.>  

 BUT 9EXPIABLE DAMNATIAN1 CAN EV] REPAY ! MORE ?AN 9F]NAL SPIRIT1 ,I HAVE DESCRIB$4 ,! PRET5D$ REASONS ( W> >E USUALLY UN9TELLIGIBLE & ABSURD4 ,BUT NEV] WAS W> F\ND$1 9 SU* FRIVOL\S ALLEGATIONS1 & 9EXPLICABLE CLAIMS1 AS ?AT1 ( :I* ,I HAVE BE5 TREAT+4--,BUT 9 ! COMM5CEM5T ( IT1 WE MU/ RECOLLECT ?AT ,MR4 ,PITT HAD NO CONC]N4 ,&1 :5 HE CAME 9TO P[]1 IT W\LD C]TA9LY HAVE BE5 MO/ DIFFICULT 9 ITSELF1 & IMPRACTICABLE1 9 OPPOSITION TO ! C\RT1 & ! NATION1 TO HAVE EFFECT$ A PEACE4  

 ,! SAME K9D ( REASON+1 IS ALL WE HAVE TO (F] 9 FAVOR ( \R H]O1 UPON ANO!R HEAD4 ,W>1 9 ITS G5]AL VIEW1 W\LD HAVE BE5 C>RI$ ON1 IF ,MR4 ,PITT HAD NOT CONDUCT$ IT3 !RE=E ! BLAME IS NOT EM95TLY HIS4 ,9 LIKE MANN]1 ! ,G]MAN W> WAS RESOLV$ UPON1 )\T HIS P>TICIPATION4 ,?US F> H[EV]1 WE MU/ CONFESS A BLEMI%4 ,BUT ,MR4 ,PITT'S BLEMI%ES1 LIKE ! SPOTS 9 ! SUN1 S]VE BUT AS FOILS TO ! LU/] ( HIS *>ACT]4 ,?IS C]TA9LY IS AN ADDITIONAL CIRCUM/ANCE ( HIS GLORY4 ,OBLIG$ TO 5GAGE1 9 A GR\ND1 NOT HIS [N1  

 .<#a#e.>  

 & :I* HE ORIG9ALLY DISAPPROV$1 HE CAME (F ) MORE HONOR1 ?AN O!R M51 :O HAVE HAD EV]Y ADVANTAGE 9 !IR FAVOR4 ,&1 9 A G5]AL VIEW1 IT MU/ BE CONSID]$1 ?AT ! W>1 :I* WAS IRREV]SIBLY DET]M9$ ON1 WAS1 9 ITS NATURE DE/RUCTIVE4 ,BRITA9 SEEM$ TO V]GE ON H] LA/ H\R4 ,?\< ,MR4 ,PITT DID NOT R$EEM H] FROM ?IS SITUATION1 & CONDUCT H] TO UNFAIL+ SAFETY2 NOT1 AS IT %\LD SEEM1 FROM ! WANT ( 9CL9ATION1 BUT ( P[]3 HE H[EV] PROCRA/9AT$ H] FALL4 ,HE RAIS$ H]1 LIKE ! PH5IX1 FROM H] A%ES2 OR1 LIKE ! DY+ SWAN1 GAVE H] LA/ H\R TO BE 5*ANT+ & DIV9E4  

 ,PO/]ITY WILL LOOK BACK1 ) A/ONI%M5T1 &1 IF IT W]E POSSIBLE1 ) 9CR$ULITY1 UPON ! 9FATUAT$ EXP5SES ( ?IS W>4 ,! SUPPLIES ( ! YE> #a#g#f#a1 MORE ?AN TREBL$ ! SUPPLIES ( ANY YE> ( ! W> ( QUE5 ,ANNE4 ,IF ! TREASURES HAD BE5 RAIS$1 AS WELL AS EXP5D$1 IT MI<T 9DE$ PASS = GALLANTRY & SPIRIT4 ,BUT1 :5 WE REFLECT1 ?AT !SE EX]TIONS W]E ONLY EFFECT-  

 .<#a#f.>  

 $1 BY ! CREATION ( AN 5ORM\S DEBT1 ?AT %ALL ONE DAY FALL BACK UPON US1 ) ACCUMULAT$ RU92 EV]Y FEEL+ HE>T MU/ WEEP1 TO SEE POISON SO GILD$1 & A NATION RU9$ BY H] VICTORIES1 9 A WAY1 MORE T]RIBLE1 ?AN OLD ,PYRRHUS EV] ?\<T ON4--,9 ! MEAN TIME1 IT MU/ BE ACKN[L$G$1 ?AT !RE >E SOME FAVORABLE CIRCUM/ANCES1 :I* DES]VE TO BE TAK5 9TO ! ACC\NT4 ,! TRADE ( ! K+DOM WAS SO F>1 FROM BE+ DIM9I%$1 OR CONSID]ABLY 9T]RUPT$1 ?AT IT WAS 9DE$ MU* AUGM5T$1 BY ! EV5TS ( ! W>4  

 ,! P>LIAM5T>Y HI/ORY ( ,MR4 ,PITT'S ADM9I/RATION1 SO F> AS IT HAS HI!RTO BE5 PUBLI%$1 IS P>TICUL>LY DEFECTIVE4 ,IT HAS BE5 ALLEG$ AGA9/ HIM1 ?AT1 ) ALL HIS APP>5T 5?USIASM = LIB]TY1 :ILE 9 P[]1 HE ]ECT$ NO NEW BULW>KS 9 H] FAVOR4 ,I WILL NOT SUPPOSE1 ?AT ?IS WAS FROM ! WANT ( S9C]ITY4 ,HIS 5GAGEM5TS AS SECRET>Y ( /ATE1 W]E EXCE$+LY MULTIPLI$4 ,HIS CONNECTIONS 9 P>LIAM5T W]E FEW4 ,& HE1 9 A MANN]1 REGUL>LY DIVID$ HIS P[]1 ) HIS COLLEAGUES 9 ADM9I/RATION2 HE ASSUM+ =EIGN1 &  

 .<#a#g.>  

 !Y RETA9+ ! DISPOSAL ( DOME/IC AFFAIRS4 ,!SE CONSID]ATIONS FURNI% A SORT ( EXCUSE2 ?\< !Y MU/ BE ACKN[L$G$ NOT TO AM\NT TO A COMPLETE DEF5SE4 ,9 ! SECOND SESSION ( HIS M9I/RY1 A MOTION1 = %ORT5+ ! DURATION ( P>LIAM5TS1 WAS NEGATIV$4 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 A BILL ( SOME ( IMPORTANCE WAS PASS$1 = ASC]TA9+ ! QUALIFICATION ( ELECTORS2 &1 %ORTLY AFT]1 ANO!R1 RESPECT+ ?AT ( REPRES5TATIVES 9 P>LIAM5T4 ,IT WAS ALSO1 DUR+ HIS SECRET>Y%IP1 ?AT ! MILITIA BILL WAS1 FIR/ C>RI$ 9TO A LAW1 & AFT]W>DS IMPROV$4 ,?IS MEASURE1 ?\< N>R[$1 BY ! JEAL\SY ( ! OLD M9I/]S1 TILL IT BECAME1 9 A MANN]1 ABORTIVE1 WAS C]TA9LY F\ND$ 9 ! PR9CIPLES ( LIB]TY4 ,IT HAD BE5 =M]LY 9TRODUC$1 & WAS N[ PATRONIZ$1 BY ,MR4 ,PITT4  

 ,BUT !RE IS YET ANO!R VIEW1 9 :I* ?IS P]IOD MAY BE CONSID]$1 :I* DOES CONSID]ABLE HONOR TO ! SECRET>Y4 ,?\< NO?+ P]MAN5T WAS 9DE$ E/ABLI%$1 9 FAVOR ( FRE$OM2 YET HIS ADM9I/RATION MU/ C]TA9LY BE REG>D$1 AS ! TEMPOR>Y TRIUMPH ( ! PEOPLE4 ,BY !IR VOICE1 HE  

 .<#a#h.>  

 WAS CALL$ 9TO P[]4 ,BY !IR V]DICT1 HE WAS SUPPORT$4 ,HE C>RI$ HIS MEASURES1 BY ! UNB\<T SUFFRAGES ( !IR REPRES5TATIVES4 ,AN UNANIMITY ( ?IS SORT 9 P>LIAM5T1 WAS ALTOGE!R UNEXAMPL$4--,&1 :5 HE FELL1 HE FELL1 COV]$ ) POPUL> HONORS3 ! GRATITUDE ( A MI<TY PEOPLE FOLL[$1 & ILLU/RAT$ HIM2 & !IR 9DIGNATION1 & !IR CURSE WAS ! 9H]ITANCE ( HIS SUCCESSORS4  

 7,PAGES #a#i-#a#c#i MISS+7  

 .<#a#f#e.>  

,*,A,P ,V,I 

 ,MR4 ,PITT BECOMES LORD PRIVY SEAL1 & E>L ( ,*A?AM4 -- ,HIS COADJUTORS 9 ADM9I/RATION4 -- ,MEASURES ( GOV]NM5T4 -- ,LORD ,*A?AM )DRAWS FROM PUBLIC BUS9ESS4 --  ,SY/EM OS ,AM]ICAN TAXATION R5EW$4 --  ,MIDDLESEX ELECTION4 --  ,E>LS ( ,%ELBURNE & ,*A?AM RESIGN4 --  ,SUBSEQU5T TRANSACTIONS4   

 ,! G5]\S M9D W\LD WI/I TO DRAW A VEIL OV] ! SC5ES :I* FOLL[$ ,WE HAVE BEHELD ,MR ,PITT AT ! HEAD ( ! MO/ /R5U\S & MO/ SUCCESSFUL ADM9I/RATION ?IS C\NTRY EV] KNEW ,WE >E N[ TO BEHOLD AN ADM9I/RATION =M$ UND] HIS AUSPICES ! FEEBLE/ ! MO/ DISUNIT$ ,I HAD ALMO/ SAID ! MO/ P]NICI\S ?AT ! PRES5T REIGN FRUITFUL 9 SU*  

 .<#a#f#f.>  

ADM9I/RATIONS1 HAS EXHIBIT$4 ,9 TREAT+ ( IT H[EV]1 LET US 5DEAVOR1 TO DI/+UI% ! BLAMABLE1 FROM ?AT1 :I* IS SIMPLY UN=TUNATE 9 ! /ORY ( \R H]O2 & TO DRAW ! L9E1 BETWE5 :AT AN UNDI/+UI%+ VULG> MAT /IGMATIZE1 & :AT COOL & DIS9T]E/$ PHILOSOPHY MU/ CONDEMN  

 ,ONE ( ! FIR/ UNFAVORABLE CIRCUM/ANCES1 ATT5D+ ITS =MATION1 WAS ITS DISPLAC+ A CONNECTION ( M51 VIRTU\S 9 !IR 9TR9SIC *>ACT]1 :O HAD BE5 GRADUALLY ADVANC+ 9 ! PUBLIC E/EEM4 ,! JEAL\SY BETWE5 !SE TWO P>TIES1 HAS P]HAPS BE5 ONE ( ! PR9CIPAL MIS=TUNES ( ! REIGN4 ,C\LD !Y HAVE FIRMLY UNIT$1 & =GOTT5 ALL !IR PETTY DIFF]5CES1 = ! FAKE ( ! PUBLIC GOOD2 !Y MI<T PROBABLY HAVE =M$ & IMMOVABLE B>RI] AGA9/ ?AT SECRET 9FLU5CE1 ( :I* EA* ( !M HAS COMPLA9$ 9 HIS TURN2 & AN 9V9CIBLE PHALANX1 9 ! CAUSE (  

.<#a#f#g.> 

PUBLIC LIB]TY1 & ! V9DICATION ( NATIONAL HONOR4  

 ,! PLAN TOO1 UPON :I* ! NEW ADM9I/RATION WAS =M$1 WAS1 TO FAY ! LEA/ ( IT1 A V]Y HAZ>D\S ONE4 ,! PREC>I\S & 9FIRM HEAL? ( ,MR4 ,PITT R5D]$ IT IMPRACTICABLE = HIM1 TO 5GAGE 9 ANY ( ! GREAT RESPONSIBLE (FICES1 OR REGUL>LY TO SUP]9T5D ! HELM ( GOV]NM5T4 ,9 A WORD1 HE HAD NO O!R ALT]NATIVE1 BUT ?AT ( COMPOS+ AN ADM9I/RATION ( SU* P]SONS1 AS HE C\LD BE/ TRU/2 & DELEGAT+ HIS CR$IT TO COLLEAGUES1 :O %\LD /UDI\SLY FILL UP HIS PLANS1 &1 FROM CONVICTION1 PURSUE HIS MEASURES4 ,TO GIVE EFFICI5CY TO A SY/EM ( ?IS =T1 IMPLICAT+ CONFID5CE1 & UNLIMIT$ FRI5D%IP W]E NECESS>Y4  

 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 IT MU/ NOT BE CONCEAL$1 ?AT ,MR4 ,PITT1 ) ALL HIS ABILITIES1 & ALL HIS VIRTUES1 WAS NOT A TEMP]1  

.<#a#f#h.> 

! BE/ ADAPT$ TO ! MILD] TIES ( FRI5D%IP4 ,HIS UNB\ND$ AMBITION C\LD NOT ADMIT ( A P]FECT P>TICIPATION ( 9T]E/S2 & ! IMPOS+ SUP]IORITY ( HIS TAL5TS WAS CALCULAT$ TO KEEP LESS] M9DS AT AN AWFUL DI/ANCE4 ,SOME?+ ( SORT WILL PROBABLY BE ?\<T VISIBLE1 9 ! MISUND]/&+1 ?AT N[ BROKE \T1 BETWE5 HIM1 & HIS NOBLE BRO!R 9 LAW1 E>L ,TEMPLE4  

 ,!Y HAD LONG PRES]V$ ! MO/ P]FECT H>MONY UPON EV]Y POLITICAL QUE/ION1 & ! GREAT COMMON] HAD W>MLY DECL>$ 9 P>LIAM5T1 ?AT HE W\LD 0LIVE & DIE ) HIS NOBLE BRO!R40 ,BUT1--SU* IS ! MUTABILITY ( ALL HUMAN ?+S6--!SE ILLU/RI\S P]SONS C\LD NOT N[ AGREE1 9 ! V]Y \TSET ( ! BUS9ESS2 & SEEM TO HAVE DISPLAY$ ?AT H>% & UNACCOMMODAT+ HUMOR1 ?AT W\LD HAVE BE5 UNGRACEFUL 9 P]FECT /RANG]S4 ,AS LORD ,TEMPLE DESIGN$1 TO HOLD ! FIR/  

.<#a#f#i.> 

O/5SIBLE PLACE 9 GOV]NM5T1 & ,MR4 ,PITT MEANT :AT HAD USUALLY BE5 CONSID]$1 AS AN IRRESPONSIBLE (FICE1 = HIMSELF2 ?AT NOBLEMAN1 IT SEEMS1 EXPECT$ TO HAVE BE5 TRAD$ UPON AN EQUALITY2 & CONCEIV$1 ?AT HE MI<T CLAIM A REGUL> %>E1 9 NOM9AT+ ! :OLE ADM9I/RATION4 ,! IDEAS TOO1 :I* !SE TWO GREAT M5 HAS =M$ ( ! PLAN1 UPON :I* !IR M9I/RY %\LD BE ADJU/$1 APPE> TO HAVE BE5 DIFF]5T4 ,LORD ,TEMPLE WAS = SU* A COALITION ( P>TIES1 AS1 HE APPREH5D$1 W\LD BE/ CONDUCE TO GIVE SOLIDITY TO ! SY/EM1 & =M ! MO/ EFFECTUAL B>RI] AGA9/ ANY EXTR9SIC 9FLU5CE4 ,ACCORD+LY HE PROPOS$ ONE NOBLE LORD1 \T ( !IR [N CONNECTION2 & ANO!R1 E>L ,G[]1 :O ADH]$ TO AN OPPOSITE P>TY1 = TWO ( ! MO/ CONSID]ABLE PLACES4 ,MR4 ,PUTT ANSW]$1 ?AT ?OSE PLACE W]E ALREADY 5GAG$2 &1 UPON ?IS1 HIS LORD%IP IMM$IATELY BROKE (F ! CONF]5CE4  

.<#a#g.> 

 ,?US F> WE P]CEIVE NO?+1 ?AT PO9T$LY 9T]F]ES ) ANY G5]AL PR9CIPLES ( GOV]NM5T1 OR /RONGLY IMPEA*ES ! *>ACT] ( EI!R ( ! P]SONS 9 QUE/ION4 ,WE HAVE ONLY TO LAM5T1 ?AT !Y DISCOV]$ ?IS UNCOMPLY+ TEMP]1 AT A TIME1 :5 !IR UNION WAS MO/ DESIRABLE2 A ?AT ,MR4 ,PITT WAS DEPRIV$1 BY ! MEANS ( IT1 ( ONE ( ! MO/ VALUABLE SECURITIES HE C\LD HAVE HAD1 = ! UNI=M PURSUIT ( HIS MEASURES4--,:AT FOLL[$ IS NOT EQUALLY 9DIFF]5T4  

 ,NOT SATISFI$ ) ! S9I/] CONSEQU5CES1 9SEP>ABLE FROM !IR DISCORD1 !Y PROCE$$ TO ! DISREPUTABLE L5G? ( A PAP] W>4 ,MR4 ,PUTT WAS FIR/ ATTACK$ 9 A PAMPHLET1 :I* IS SAID1 BY LORD ,*E/]FIELD1 TO HAVE BE5 WRITT5 BY ! E>L HIMSELF2 & ( :I* A MORE PROP] *>ACT] CANNOT BE GIV51 ?AN ?AT1 :I* HAS SUBJO9$ TO ?IS 9=MATION2 ?AT IT IS 0V]Y SCURRIL\S &  

.<#a#g#a.> 

0SC&AL\S & BETRAYS PRIVATE CONV]SATION40 ,! ANSW] WAS WRITT51 NOT BY ,MR4 ,PITT HIMSELF1 BUT PROBABLY BY ONE ( HIS FRI5DS1 & UND] HIS SANCTION4 ,! *>ACT] ( E>L ,TEMPLE H[EV]1 LORD ,*E/]FIELD CONJECTURES1 FROM ! MANN]1 9 :I* IT IS EXPRESS$1 TO HAVE BE5 ,MR4 ,PITT'S [N4 ,AS EXCELL5T SATIRE IS SELDOM :OLLY UNF\ND$1 & AS IT MAY S]VE1 AT ! SAME TIME1 TO ILLU/RATE ! DISPOSITION ( \R H]O1 IT MAY NOT BE UNWOR?Y ( 9S]TION4  

 0,LORD ,TEMPLE1 ?\< HE HAS POSSESS$ SOME V]Y CONSID]ABLE (FICES 9 ! GOV]NM5T1 HAS NEV] BE5 REM>KABLE = ANY A/ONI%+ %>E ( ABILITIES2 &1 TILL HIS RESIGNATION ) ,MR4 ,PITT1 ON ! ACCESSION ( HIS PRES5T MAJE/Y1 HE WAS LOOK$ UPON1 M]ELY1 AS A GOOD-NATUR$1 9(F5SIVE NOBLEMAN1 :O HAD A V]Y F9E FEAT1 & WAS ALWAYS READY TO 9DULGE ANYBODY1 ) A WALK 9 HIS G>D51 OR LOOK AT  

.<#a#g#b.> 

HIS FURNITURE4 ,H[ HE HAS SUDD5LY COMM5C$ SU* A /ATESMAN1 AS TO BE PUT 9 COMPETITION ) ,MR4 ,PITT1 IS NOT EASY TO DET]M9E3 BUT SO F> IS CLE>1 ?AT1 HAD HE NOT FA/5$ HIMSELF 9TO ,MR4 ,PITT'S TRA91 & ACQUIR$1 BY HIS AFF9ITY1 SU* AN 9T]E/ 9 ! HI/ORY ( ?AT GREAT MAN2 HE MI<T HAVE CREPT \T ( LIFE1 ) AS LITTLE NOTICE1 AS HE CREPT 91 & GONE (F ) NO O!R DEGREE ( CR$IT1 ?AN ?AT ( ADD+ A S+LE UNIT TO ! BILLS ( MORTALITY40  

 ,! NOBLE E>L BR+ N[ \T ( ! QUE/ION1 ! DUKE ( ,GRAFTON WAS APPO9T$ FIR/ LORD ( ! TREASURY2 &1 AT ! SAME TIME1 ,MR4 ,*>LES ,T[N%5D1 WAS CON/ITUT$ ! M9I/] ( ! H\SE ( COMMONS4 ,BO? ( !M W]E REM>KABLE1 = ! V]SATILITY ( !IR POLITICAL CONDUCT4 ,!IR *>ACT]S H[EV] W]E NOT 5TIRELY SIMIL>--! DUKE HAD ORIG9ALLY =M$ HIMSELF1 UND] ! AUSPICES  

.<#a#g#c.> 

( ,MR4 ,PITT4 ,HE AFT]W>DS JO9$ ! ,ROCK+HAM ADM9I/RATION4 ,:5 IT BEGAN TO BE PRETTY G5]ALLY P]CEIV$1 ?AT !IR P[] WAS DRAW+ TO A CLOSE1 & IT WAS 9 CONTEMPLATION TO APPLY TO ! GREAT COMMON]2 ! DUKE ( ,GRAFTON RESIGN$1 DECL>+1 ?AT HE ?\<T ?AT ADM9I/RATION TOO WEAK1 TO DO ANY ESS5TIAL S]VICE2 BUT ?AT1 UND] HIS ILLU/RI\S PATRON1 HE W\LD BE CONT5T1 0! ACCEPT ! MO/ 9SIGNIFICANT (FICE1 & ! WIL$ A SPADE1 OR A MATTOCK40--,HE IS REPRES5T$1 BY A V]Y P5ETRAT+ WRIT]1 AS HAV+ BE5 0SULL5 & SEV]E1 )\T PROBITY20 AD HAV+ BE5 0UNPR9CIPL$ & DISSIPAT$1 )\T GAIETY40 ,9 HIM W]E SUPPOS$ TO HAVE BE5 BL5D$1 :ATEV] IS MO/ ODI\S1 ) :ATEV] IS MO/ CONTEMPTIBLE4 ,) P>TS1 PLAUSIBLE 5\<1 TO DISGRACE & BETRAY ! FIR/ & WISE/ HEAD 9 ,BRITA92 HE HAD NOT P5ETRATION 5\<1 TO H9D] HIM FROM BE+ ! TOOL ( M51 :O W]E HAPPY TO MEET  

.<#a#g#d.> 

) A P]SON1 ?AT SEEM$ READY TO PURSUE ANY PLAN1 H[EV]1 UNPREC$5T$2 & TO ADOPT ANY MEASURE1 H[EV] ABSURD4  

 ,9 ,MR4 ,T[N%5D1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 FICKL5ESS & LEVITY W]E SO %AD$1 UND] A ?\S& BEAUTIFUL ACCOMPLI%M5TS1 ?AT !Y SEEM$ TO /& UP1 & CLAIM !IR P>DON4 ,HE POSSESS$ ! MO/ BRILLIANT WIT1 & ! MO/ LUCID ELOQU5CE4 ,HE WAS ! DELI<T & ORNAM5T ( ! S5ATE2 & ! *>M ( EV]Y PRIVATE SOCIETY1 ?AT HE GRAC$ ) HIS PRES5CE4 ,9 A WORD1 HE WAS CAPABLE ( BECOM+ ! FIR/ *>ACT] ( HIS AGE1 HAD !RE BE5 ANY CONNECTION ( M51 BY :OM HE C\LD HAVE BE5 TRU/$4 ,SU* W]E ! P]SONS1 TO :OM1 9 SOME MANN]1 ! :OLE SUCCESS ( A SY/EM1 UPON ! EV5T ( :I* ! EXI/5CE ( ?IS C\NTRY POSSIBLE DEP5D$1 WAS COMMITT$4  

.<#a#g#e.> 

 ,LORD ,CAMD51 ! FIRME/ PATRIOT1 & ! TRUE/ FRI5D1 WAS MADE *ANCELLOR4 ,! TWO SECRET>IES W]E ! E>L ( ,%ELBURNE & G5]AL ,CONWAY4 ,! =M]1 ?\< HE HAD ONCE OPPOS$ \R H]O ) PECULI> ACRIMONY1 WAS N[ HIS MO/ PR(ESS$ ADMIR] & PUPIL4 ,! LATT] WAS ONE ( ?OSE P]SONS1 :O RETA9$ !IR APPO9TM5TS1 UPON ! DISMISSION ( LORD ,ROCK+HAM4 ,MR4 ,PITT HIMSELF ACCEPT$ ! (FICE ( LORD PRIVY SEAL4 ,AS ?IS PO/ HAD BE5 CON/ANTLY ANNEX$ TO A PE]AGE1 HE WAS1 AT ! SAME TIME1 CREAT$ E>L ( ,*A?AM4  

 ,%\LD IT BE ! FATE ( ?IS ESSAY1 TO SURVIVE ! P]IOD1 9 :I* IT WAS IMM$IATELY WRITT51 IT IS TO BE FE>$ ?AT SOME ( ! REFLECTIONS IT CONTA9S1 WILL BECOME SC>CELY 9TELLIGIBLE4 ,IF \R H]O W]E =TUNATE1 9 AN UNEXAMPL$ DEGREE ( POPUL>ITY & REPUTATION2 HE1 AT LEA/ EXP]I5C$ ! FATE ( ALL %9+ *>ACT]S1 TO HAVE HIS ACTION SUBJECT$  

.<#a#g#f.> 

TO ! H>%E/ CON/RUCTIONS1 & HIS FAULTS EXAGG]AT$ ) LABORI\S ASP]ITY4 ,NO?+ C\LD BE MORE NATURAL1 OR MORE REASONABLE1 ?AN HIS ACCEPTANCE ( A PE]AGE1 9 ! CIRCUM/ANCES ,I HAVE DESCRIB$4 ,FEW1 ONE W\LD HAVE IMAG9$1 W\LD HAVE 5VI$ HIM ! REPOSE1 ?AT HIS 9FIRMITIES REQUIR$2 OR ! DIGNITY1 HE HAD E>N$1 BY ! UNREMITT$ PATRIOTISM ( A :OLE LIFE ( S]VICES4 ,& YET ?IS PROMOTION 9VOLV$ HIM 9 ! BITT]E/ OBLOQUY4  

 ,IT HAPP5$1 AS1 )\T ANY GREAT HAZ>D ( DISAPPO9TM5T1 MI<T HAVE BE5 READILY PR$ICT$4 ,SC>CELY WAS ! ADM9I/RATION ADJU/$1 ]E IT WAS DISUNIT$4 ,MR4 ,T[N%5D WAS NOT =M$ TO BE ! DEPUTY ( ANY MAN4 ,HIS CONSCI\S ABILITIES =BADE IT2 & ! V]SATILITY ( HIS DISPOSITION R5D]$ IT IMPRACTICABLE4 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 IT IS NOT IMPROBABLE1 ! SECRET 9FLU5CE1 WE HAVE SO REPEAT$LY M5TION$1 WAS NOT  

.<#a#g#g.> 

)\T ITS %>E1 9 ?IS 9AUSPICI\S EV5T2 & ?AT ! DIVISION WAS FOM5T$ BY ! MO/ DI%ONORABLE >TIFICES4 ,TAK+ IT = GRANT$1 = A MOM5T1 ?AT SU* AN 9FLU5CE EXI/$1 ALL ?AT W\ILD BE NECESS>Y1 W\LD BE O/5SIBLE ADM9I/RATION2 :I*1 ! MORE IT WAS DIVID$ 9 ITSELF1 ! MORE EASY IT W\LD BE TO DEFEAT1 9 ANY ( !IR DEVIATIONS1 FROM ?AT UNSE5 L9E1 ?AT WAS M>K$ \T = !M4 ,9 ?AT CAFE1 IT MI<T POSSIBLY BE ! HEI<T ( !IR AMBITION1 TO \TWIT ! ABILITIES1 & FIX A BLOT UPON ! NAME ( ! MO/ ILLU/RI\S /ATESMAN1 ?AT EV] EXI/$  

 ,%ORT WAS ! DATE ( ! M9I/RY ( LORD ,*A?AM4 ,!RE >E BUT TWO MEASURES1 ?AT CAN PROP]LY BE ASCRIB$ TO IT4 ,ONE ( !M WAS C]TA9LY DEFECTIVE 9 ! DESIGN+2 & NEI!R W]E PRODUCTIVE ( ANY B5EFIT TO HIS C\NTRY4 ,! =M] RELAT$ TO ! /ATE ( ! K+DOM ) REG>D TO CORN4 ,! H>VE/  

.<#a#g#h.> 

( #agff HAD PROV$ SO UNFAVORABLE1 ?AT ! NATION WAS ?REAT5$ ) A FAM9E4 ,9 ?IS EXIG5CY1 ! M9I/RY ISSU$ A PROCLAMATION ( EMB>GO1 ?\< CORN WAS YET AT A PRICE1 AT :I* IT MI<T LEGALLY BE EXPORT$4 ,?US F> !Y DID P]HAPS :AT WAS NECESS>Y2 & !IR PROCE$+S MI<T BE JU/IFI$ BY ! MAXIM1 ?AT ! PRES]VATION ( ! PEOPLE IS SUP]IOR TO EV]Y O!R CONSID]ATION4 ,BUT !Y \<T TO HAVE HAD ! WISDOM & MAGNANIMITY1 IMM$IATELY TO HAVE PROPOS$ AN ACT ( 9DEMNITY1 ( ! MO/ G5]AL NATURE4 ,9/EAD ( ! EXECUTIVE P[]2 &1 :5 AN AM5DM5T WAS (F]$1 ?AT %\LD EXT5D ITS OP]ATION TO !MSELVES1 !Y VIGOR\SLY OPPOS$ IT4 ,9 A WORD1 ! PUBLIC HAD ! A/ONI%M5T1 TO SEE ! LORDS ,*A?AM & ,CAMD51 :OM !Y HAD EV] CONSID]$1 AS ! GR& SUPPORT]S ( LIB]TY & ! CON/ITUTION1  

.<#a#g#i.> 

PLEAD+ = ?AT MO/ DANG]\S ( ALL PR]OGATIVES1 A P[] ( DISP5S+ ) ! LAWS ( ! L&4  

 ,! SECOND MEASURE ( ?IS ADM9I/RATION1 WAS ! APPO9TM5T ( A COMMITTEE1 TO 9QUIRE 9TO ! /ATE ( ! ,EA/-,9DIA COMPANY4 ,LORD ,*A?AM C]TA9LY FELT1 ) ! DEEPE/ REGRET1 ! IMM5SE LOAD ( DEBT1 UND] :I* HIS C\NTRY APPE>$ READY TO S9K4 ,WE HAD ALREADY MISC>RI$ 9 AN ATTEMPT1 TO DIS*>GE P>T ( \R BURD5 UPON ! %\LD]S ( ,AM]ICA4 ,! APP>5T PROSP]ITY ( \R AFFAIRS 9 ! ,EASY1 AT ?AT TIME1 ATTRACT$ V]Y G5]AL ATT5TION2 & IT WAS NATURAL TO ?9K ( TUN+ SO EXTRAORD9>Y SUCCESSES1 ! PUBLIC ADVANTAGE4 ,BUT1 BE=E ! COMMITTEE HAD COME TO ANY RESOLUTION1 LORD ,*A?AM WAS ATTACK$ ) ?AT LONG & DANG]\S ILLNESS1 :I* NECESS>ILY SEQUE/]$ HIM FROM PUBLIC BUS9ESS1 & F9ALLY DEPRIV$ ! NATION ( HIS FUR!R  

.<#a#h.> 

S]VICES4 ,:AT HIS PLAN WAS1 IT IS DIFFICULT N[1 ) ANY C]TA9TY1 TO DET]M9E4 ,BY MANY1 AT ?AT TIME1 IT WAS SUPPOS$1 ?AT HE 9T5D$ 5TIRELY TO DEPRIVE ! COMPANY ( !IR ACQUISITIONS1 & F9ALLY TO VE/ !M 9 ! CR[N4  

 ,! ADM9I/RATION HAS ORIG9ALLY BE5 COMPOS$ ( SU*1 AS HAD IMM$IATELY 5LI/$ !MSELVES UND] ! BANN]S ( ,MR4 ,PITT2 9 CONJUNCTION ) SEV]AL P]SONS1 :O W]E CONT5D$ TO RETA9 !IR PREF]M5TS1 UPON ! DISMISSION ( LORD ,ROCK+HAM4 ,IT WAS ONLY ADVANC$ ?US F> 9 ITS PROGRESS1 :5 IT RECEIV$ A SEV]E %OCK1 FROM ! RESIGNATION ( ! GREAT] P>T ( ?OSE1 :O CAME UND] ! LATT] DESCRIPTION4 ,UPON ?IS EM]G5CY1 LORD ,*E/]FIELD ASS]TS1 ?AT ! E>L ( ,*A?AM MADE PROPOSALS TO ! DUKE ( ,B$=D4 ,C]TA9 IT IS H[EV]1 ?AT NO COALITION ( ?IS K9D TOOK PLACE2 & ! M51 :O W]E N[ 9TRODUC$ 9TO (FICE1 W]E PR9CIPALLY 

.<#a#h#a.> 

 COMPOS$ ( ! P]SONAL FRI5DS ( LORD ,BUTE4  

 ,IT WAS1 BY ?IS TIME1 SUFFICI5TLY OBVI\S1 ?AT LORD ,*A?AM'S >RANGEM5TS MU/ F9ALLY PROVE ABORTIVE4 ,! *ANGES1 ?AT HAD N[ TAK5 PLACE1 SEEM$ TO PROVE1 ?AT ! SECRET 9FLU5CE1 SO (T5 COMPLA9$ (1 CONT9U$ TO EXI/4 ,! BREA* BETWE5 ,MR1 ,T[N%5D1 & HIS POLITICAL CREATOR1 9/EAD ( BE+ HEAL$1 GREW WID] & WID]4 ,& IT IS PROBABLY1 ?AT ! NOBLE LORD BEGAN1 BY ?IS TIME1 TO EXP]I5CE ?AT COOLNESS & DES]TION 9 HIS TREASUR]1 :I* HE IS SAID AFT]W>DS TO HAVE /AT$1 AS ONE ( ! CAUSES ( HIS MISC>RIAGE4 ,TO COMPLETE ! :OLE1 HIS CON/ITUTIONAL DI/EMP] WAS RIS5 TO A HEI<T1 ?AT R5D]$ HIM ABSOLUTELY 9CAPABLE ( PUBLIC BUS9ESS4 ,IT IS PROBABLY1 ?AT ! UNFAVORABLE APPE>ANCES1 ,I HAVE DESCRIB$1 SAT /RONGLY UPON HIS M9D1 &1 CONCURR+ ) HIS DISORD]1 PRECIPITAT$ HIM 9TO ?AT /ATE  

.<#a#h#b.> 

( IMBECILITY1 ( :I* HE N[ BECAME ! VICTIM4  

 ,SU* IS ! HI/ORY ( LORD ,*A?AM'S SECOND ADM9I/RATION4 ,HUMANITY DROPS A TE> UPON IT2 & ! G5]\S SPIRIT1 W>M$1 EV5 TO 5?USIASM1 BY ! CONTEMPLATION ( HIS =M] S]VICES1 W\LD WI% TO BLOT IT FROM ! RECORDS ( TIME4--,BUT IT DOES NOT 5D H]E4 ,9 ITS COMM5CEM5T1 IT DISPLAC$ AN ADM9I/RATION1 AS VIRTU\S1 AS DIS9T]E/$1 AS EV] SAT AT ! HELM ( GOV]NM5T4 ,BRITA9 SEEM$ TO D]IVE NEW VIGOR FROM !IR FO/]+ H&4 ,H] W\NDS1 :I* ]E:ILE APPE>$ ALL LIVID & <A/LY1 SEEM$ FA/ CONV]G+ TO A P]FECT RECOV]Y4--,& :AT K9D ( AN ADM9I/RATION DID LORD ,*A?AM LEAVE 9 ! POSSESSION ( GOV]NM5T8 ,AN ADM9I/RATION1 UNPR9CIPL$ & DISUNIT$1 MADE UP ( ! DES]T]S ( ALL P>TIES4 ,AN ADM9I/RATION1 TO :OSE ]RORS1 !IR FULL EFFECT WAS C>EFULLY PRES]V$2 &  

.<#a#h#c.> 

:OSE VIRTUES1 ALL ?9LY S[N1 AS !Y W]E1 BY AN UNSE51 MALIGNANT 9FLU5CE1 W]E BLA/$ 9 ! BUD4 ,9 A WORD1 AN ADM9I/RATION1 :I*1 ) A SLI<T RE9=CEM5T1 RETA9$ !IR PO/S F\RTE5 YE>S1 & R$UC$ !IR C\NTRY TO ! L[E/ ABYSS ( POV]TY1 CONTEMPT1 & DI%ONOR  

 ,ONE ( ! FIR/ ACTS1 ?AT FOLL[$ LORD ,*A?AM'S DEMISSION ( ! GOV]NM5T1 WAS AN ACT1 = GRANT+ C]TA9 DUTIES 9 ! ,AM]ICAN COLONIES4 ,?IS IS C]TA9LY ONE ( ! MO/ EXTRAORD9>Y EV5TS1 ?AT HI/ORY RECORDS4 ,?REE PR9CIPAL MEMB]S ( ! CAB9ET1 ) ! FIR/ LORD ( ! TREASURY AT !IR HEAD AFT]W>DS DECL>$1 ?AT IT HAD NEV] RECEIV$ !IR APPROBATION4  ,:ILE ! BALEFUL EFFECTS ( ! /AMP ACT W]E YET FRE% 9 ! MEMORY ( EV]Y MAN2 ! SAME MEASURE WAS R5EW$1 ) CIRCUM/ANCES ( ADDITIONAL IRRITATION4 ,:ILE EV]Y ?+ WAS C>RI$ ON1 ) GREAT  

.<#a#h#d.> 

P>ADE1 9 ! NAME ( LORD ,*A?AM2 ?IS WAS ! P]IOD !Y *OSE = !IR OP]ATIONS4 ,LORD ,*A?AM1 :O HAD DI/+UI%$ HIMSELF1 BY BE+ ! FIR/ PUBLIC MAN 9 ?IS C\NTRY1 TO DECL>E ! EXCLUSIVE RI<T ( ,AM]ICA1 TO GRANT H] [N MONEY4 ,LORD ,*A?AM1 TO :OM ! GRATITUDE ( ,AM]ICA HAD RAIS$ /ATUES1 & ]ECT$ MONUM5TS2 & :OSE NAME HAD BE5 REPEAT$1 FROM ONE 5D ( ! CONT95T TO ! O!R1 AS ! SYMBOL ( LIB]TY4 ,MR4 ,T[N%5D WAS ! (FICIAL AU?OR ( ?IS MEASURE4 ,! CON/ANT OBJECT ( HIS PURSUIT WAS APPLAUSE4 ,:5 ! VOICE ( ?IS C\NTRY SEEM$ TO CALL = A REV5UE FROM ,AM]ICA1 HE HAD BE5 AN ADVOCATE = ! /AMP ACT4 ,9 ! FOLL[+ SESSION1 :5 EV5TS HAD *ANG$ ! POPUL> OP9ION1 HE VOT$ = ITS REPEAL4 ,! FALL ( ! ,ROCK+HAM ADM9I/RATION NATURALLY BR\<T !IR FAVORITE MEASURE 9TO DISREPUTE4 ,TO CON=M  

.<#a#h#e.> 

!RE=E TO ! TEMP]1 :I* BEGAN TO PREVAIL1 ,MR4 ,T[NN%5D DECL>$1 V]Y E>LY 9 ! SESSION1 ?AT A REV5UE MU/ BE HAD \T ( ,AM]ICA4 ,HE WAS 9/ANTLY TI$ D[N TO HIS 5GAGEM5TS4 ,&1 ?AT HE MI<T FULFILL !M 9 ! MO/ PLAUSIBLE MANN]1 HE 9TRODUC$ HIS BILL1 ) A PREAMBLE1 DECL>+ ! NECESSITY ( A REV5UE1 TO MAKE IT PALATABLE TO ! HI<-FLI]S AT HOME2 & HE ADOPT$ ! ,AM]ICAN DI/9CTION1 ( RE/RICT+ HIMSELF TO EXT]NAL IMPOSITION4 ,BUT ! MEASURE HAD ! USUAL FATE ( ALL EXQUISITE POLICY4  

 ,ITS AU?OR HAD1 BY ?IS TIME1 PROBABLY BEGUN TO FLATT] HIMSELF ) ! IDEA1 ?AT HE WAS1 9 REALITY1 ! FIR/ M9I/] ( HIS C\NTRY4  ,BUT ! M51 HE HAD TO DEAL )1 SEEM$ P]FECTLY TO UND]/& ! >T ( DEGRAD+ PATRIOTISM1 & MORTIFY+ >ROGANCE4 ,TO CONV9CE HIM ( HIS DEP5D5CY1 HE F\ND HIMSELF1 T[>DS ! CLOSE ( ! SESSION1 9 A QUE/ION1  

.<#a#h#f.> 

RELATIVE TO ! BUS9ESS ( ! ,EA/-,9DIAN COMMITTEE1 TOGE!R ) ! ,MR4 ,SECRET>Y ,CONWAY1 9 A V]Y 9CONSID]ABLE M9ORITY4  

 ,SOON AFT] ! SESSION WAS CONCLUD$1 ,MR4 ,T[N%5D DI$2 ! SECRET>Y RESIGN$2 & ! REMA9+ MEMB]S ( ! ADM9I/RATION =M$ ?AT COALITION ) ! ,B$=D P>TY1 :I*1 UNLIKE ALL ! =M] POLITICAL MANEUV]S ( ! REIGN1 PROV$ SO DURABLE4 ,:AT PR9CIPALLY ATTRACT$ ! PUBLIC ATT5TION1 9 ! NEXT1 & LA/ SESSION ( ?IS P>LIAM5T1 WAS AN ATTEMPT1 MADE BY ADM9I/RATION1 TO DEPRIVE ! DUKE ( ,PORTL& ( AN E/ATE1 ?AT HAD CONT9U$ 9 HIS FAMILY = SEV5TY YE>S1 BY VIRTUE ( A GRANT ( K+ ,WILLIAM ! ?IRD4 ,! ATTEMPT ITSELF WAS SC>CELY MORE ODI\S1 ?AN ! UNFAIR & PRECIPITATE ME?ODS1 ?AT W]E TAK5 TO ACCOMPLI% IT4  

.<#a#h#g.> 

 ,! M9I/RY WAS1 BY ?IS TIME1 BECOME SO UNPOPUL>1 ?AT ! 5SU+ ELECTIONS W]E V]Y G5]ALLY & W>MLY CONTE/$1 ?R\<\T ! K+DOM4 ,BUT ! P]SON1 :O MAN HIMSELF PR9CIPALLY NOTIC$ ON ?IS OCCASION1 WAS ! CELEBRAT$ ,MR4 ,WILKES4 ,:ILE ! ME?ODS1 EMPLOY$ 9 HIS PROSECUTION1 W]E DECL>$ ILLEGAL BY ! ,ROCK+HAM ADM9I/RATION1 HE HIMSELF WAS1 9 A GREAT MEASURE1 =GOTT54 ,UPON ! 5SU+ *ANGE1 :5 ! DUKE ( ,GRAFTON1 :O HAD PR(ESS$ ! /RONGE/ ATTA*M5T = HIM1 WAS PLAC$ AT ! HEAD ( ! TREASURY1 HIS HOPES REVIV$4 ,HE APPLI$1 ) CONFID5CE TO ?AT NOBLEMAN1 TO SOLICIT HIS P>DON4 ,F9D+ HIMSELF H]E TREAT ) NEGLECT1 IF NOT ) 9SULT1 HE BECAME DESP]ATE4 ,! DESPAIR ( A MAN ( HIS 9TREPID SPIRIT1 IS ALWAYS =MIDABLE4 ,HE TOOK ! RESOLUTION TO COME OV] TO ,5GL&2 & (F]$ HIMSELF A C&IDATE1 TO REPRES5T1 FIR/ ! CITY ( ,LONDON1 & AFT]W>DS  

 .<#a#h#h.>  

! C\NTRY ( ,MIDDLESEX4 ,9 ?IS LATT] ATTEMPT1 HE WAS SUCCESSFUL4 ,! NATION SAW1 ) A/ONI%M5T1 AN OBSCURE 9DIVIDUAL1 ) C\RAGE 5\< TO 5GAGE 9 SO >DU\S AN UND]TAK+1 ?\<T 9 CONT9UAL FE> ( HIS CR$ITORS1 & ) ! T]RORS ( AN \TLAWRY HANG+ OV] HIS HEAD3 & ! ADM9I/RATION ( A MI<TY K+DOM1 SO DA/>DLY & PUSILLANIM\S1 AS NOT TO V5TURE TO TAKE HIM 9TO CU/ODY1 :5 !Y MI<T HAVE DONE IT1 ALMO/ )\T ANIMADV]SION2 BUT SUFF]+ HIM TO GO SU* A L5G?1 AS1 9 ! EV5T1 TO BE ABLE TO DEFY !IR UTMO/ EF=TS4 ,:51 AT LA/1 HE WAS APPREH5D$1 ! POPULACE DECL>$ !MSELVES /RONGLY 9 HIS FAVOR4 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ! M9I/RY 9CREAS$ ! G5]AL RES5TM5T1 BY APPE>+ /UDI\SLY =W>D1 TO CALL 9 ! ASSI/ANCE ( ! MILIT>Y2 & AFT]W>DS BY SCRE5+1 ) A ?\S& >TS1 ! M9I/]S ( !IR V5GEANCE FROM ! H&S ( JU/ICE1 9 CAFES1 9 :I* !Y HAD GONE  

.<#a#h#i.> 

BEYOND1 :AT EV5 MILIT>Y RULES C\LD AU?ORIZE4  

 ,LORD ,*A?AM HAD LONG CEAS$1 TO HAVE ANY CONC]N 9 PUBLIC AFFAIRS4 ,P>TLY UPON ACC\NT ( HIS HEAL?1 & P>TLY FROM ! DISGU/ & MORTIFICATION HE CONCEV$ FROM ! CONDUCT ( M9I/]S1 ! BUS9ESS ( HIS (FICE HAD1 = A CONSID]ABLE TIME1 BE5 TRANSACT$ BY COMMISSION4 ,AT ?IS TIME1 !RE HAPP5$ AN EV5T1 :I*1 9 SOME MEASURE1 R\S$ HIM FROM HIS TORPOR1 & DET]M9$ HIM F9ALLY TO )DRAW HIS NAME FROM AN ADM9I/RATION1 ) :I* HE HAD LONG CEAS$ TO HAVE ANY CONNECTION4  

 ,! BRAVE ,CORFICANS HAD LONG /RUGGL$ AGA9/ ! TYRANNY ( ! ,G5OEFE4 ,TIR$ ( AN UNPR(ITABLE & DISPUT$ DOM9ION1 ?AT REPUBLIC HAD LATELY MADE OV] H] CLAIM TO ! CR[N ( ,FRANCE4 ,BUT1 ?\<1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ?IS SESSION1 !IR NEW MATT]S P\R$ UPON  

 .<#a#i.>  

!M AN IMM5SE MILIT>Y =CE2 YET1 BY ! 9DEP5D5T1 UNSUBMITT+ SPIRIT1 ?AT HAD LONG ANIMAT$ !M1 !Y W]E 9DUC$1 TO HOLD \T TO ! LA/1 & DEF5D !MSELVES TO !IR ROCKS & FA/NESSES4 ,!Y HOP$1 ?AT SOME FRI5DLY P[] W\LD1 AT L5G?1 BE R\S$ TO !IR RELIEF2 & W]E P]SUAD$1 ?AT IT WAS BETT] TO DIE 9 ! CAUSE ( FRE$OM1 ?AN TO SUBMIT1 & BE SLAVES4 ,SU* A DET]M9ATION NATURALLY COMM&$ ! SYMPA?Y ( ,BRITA94 ,SEP>ATELY TOO FROM ?IS CONSID]ATION1 ! ISL&1 FROM ITS SITE 9 ! ,M$IT]RANEAN1 WAS G5]ALLY E/EEM$ ( CONSID]ABLE IMPORTANCE 9 ! COMM]CIAL WORLD4 ,QUIETLY TO P]MIT IT !RE=E1 TO BE ?R[N 9TO ! SCALE ( A P[]1 :OSE SUP]IOR /R5G? HAD LONG R5D]$ H] =MIDABLE 9 ! EYES ( ,EUROPE1 WAS C]TA9LY CONTR>Y TO ! POLITICS1 BY :I* ?AT QU>T] ( ! GLOBE HAD BE5 ACTUAT$1 = MORE !N A C5TURY PA/4 ,MO/ P]SONS IMAG9$1 ?AT A /RONG  

 .<#a#i#a.>  

REMON/RANCE1 FROM \R C\RT1 W\LD HAVE DET]R$ ,FRANCE FROM H] UND]TAK+1 )\T ! RISK ( A W>4  

 ,9 ?IS H[EV]1 !Y SEEM TO HAVE BE5 MI/AK54 ,SU* A REMON/RANCE WAS ACTUALLY TRANSMITT$ TO \R AMBASSADOR BY ! E>L ( ,%ELBURNE1 & BY HIM DELIV]$ TO ! C\RT ( ,V]SAILLES4 ,FROM ! OP9ION !Y =M$ ( ! IMBECILITY ( \R GOV]NM5T1 IT WAS TREAT$ ) CONTEMPT4 ,! CONCLUSION WAS SIMPLY ?IS4 ,! AMBASSADOR 9SI/$ UPON A RECAL1 &1 AT ! SAME TIME1 LORD ,%LEBURNE WAS DISMISS$ FROM HIS (FICE4  ,! 9TIMACY1 ?AT N[ SUBSI/$ BETWE5 ?IS NOBLEMAN & LORD ,*A?AM1 9DUC$ ! AG$ LEAD]1 TO DISPLAY1 AT ONCE1 HIS RES5TM5T ( ! AFFRONT1 (F]$ TO HIS FRI5D1 & HIS S5SE ( ! NATIONAL DISGRACE1 BY AN IMM$IATE RESIGNATION4 ,IT WILL PROBABLY BE ASK$1 H[ LORD ,*A?AM1 :O1 9 ! BEG9N+ ( !  

 .<#a#i#b.>  

REIGN1 HAD DECL>$1 ?AT HE W\LD NEV] MAKE HIMSELF RESPONSIBLE = MEASURES1 :I* HE WAS NOT ALL[$ TO GUIDE2 CAME N[ TO DEF] ?IS /EP TO SO LATE A P]IOD8 ,I WILL NOT ASS]T1 ?AT HIS CONDUCT1 UPON ?IS HEAD1 WAS 5TIRELY BLAMELESS4 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 MU* MI<T BE SAID1 9 HIS EXCUSE1 ) REG>D TO ! DI/EMP]1 UND] :I* HE LABOR$2 :I*1 ESPECIALLY 9 ! =M] P>T ( ?IS P]IOD1 HAD DEBILITAT$ HIS FACULTIES1 & R5D]$ HIM 9CAPABLE ( PUBLIC BUS9ESS1 TO ! DEGREE2 ?AT1 = A CONSID]ABLE TIME1 HE DID NOT OP5 A S+LE PACQUET1 ?AT WAS S5T TO HIM1 ( A PUBLIC CONC]N4 ,MU* ALSO MI<T BE SAID1 RESPECT+ ! DES]TION ( HIS FRI5DS4 ,! LA/ LESSON ( A G5]\S1 UNTA9T$ HE>T1 IS ?AT ( A SUSPICION4 ,?IS IS ONE P>T ( ! APOLOGY1 HE IS SAID AFT]W>DS TO HAVE (F]$ 9 HIS [N BEHALF4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 HE COMPLA9$ ( A CIRCUM/ANCE1 :I* C\LD ONLY BE ASC]TA9$ BY REPEAT$ EXP]I5CE1 ?AT  

 .<#a#i#c.>  

! OP5 TREA*]Y1 ?AT WAS PRACTIC$ AGA9/ HIM1 WAS ABETT$ BY SECRET 9FLU5CE2 & ?AT HE F\ND 0A P[] BEH9D ! ?RONE1 GREAT]1 ?AN ! ?RONE ITSELF40  

 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ! DISCONT5TS 9 ,AM]ICA1 & P>TICUL>LY 9 ! CAPITAL ( ,BO/ON1 HAD RIS5 TO A V]Y =MIDABLE HEI<T4 ,SEV]AL REGIM5TS ( SOLDI]S H[EV] W]E ORD]$ UPON ?AT /ATION1 & A TEMPOR>Y TRANQUILITY REE/ABLI%$4 ,9 ! FIR/ SESSION ( ! NEW P>LIAM5T1 !SE AFFAIRS =M$ A PR9CIPAL OBJECT ( !IR ATT5TION4 ,!Y VOT$ SEV]AL V]Y /RONG C5SURES ( ! ,BO/ONIANS1 & ADDRESS$ IS MAJE/Y1 TO CAUSE ! DEL9QU5TS !RE1 TO BE BR\<T OV] TO ?IS C\NTRY = TRIAL4 ,!SE SEEM+LY RESOLUTE MEASURES W]E1 9 ! MEAN TIME1 ACCOMPANI$ TO ,AM]ICA2 ) A CIRCUL> LETT] ( ! SECRET>Y ( /ATE1 PROMIS+ A REPEAL ( ! GREAT] P>T ( ! OBNOXI\S DUTIES1 & ASSUR+1  

 .<#a#i#d.>  

?AT ! IDEA1 ( D]IV+ A P>LIAM5T>Y REV5UE FROM ?AT C\NTRY1 WAS 5TIRELY AB&ON$4  
  

,NO?+ CAN BE MORE TRULY DEPLORABLE1 ?AN TO BEHOLD ! POSSESSION1 ( ! MO/ VALUABLE JEWEL ( ! ,BRITI% CR[N ?US EGREGI\FLY TRIFL$ )4 ,BY A P>TIAL REPEAL1 WE DISPLAY$ A SPIRITLESS TEMP] ( 9SIDI\S CONCESSION3 AT ! SAME TIME1 ?AT ! TAX WE RETA9$1 NOT BE+ SUFFICI5T1 TO PAY ! *>GE ( COLLECTION1 DEMON/RAT$1 ?AT WE RETA9$1 IT = ! SAKE ( ASS]T+ \R IMAG9>Y RI<TS2 & GAVE ! LIE TO \R MO/ SOLEMN DECL>ATIONS4 ,! M9I/]'S 5GAG+ ! HONOR ( ! SOV]EIGN1 = AN ACT H]EAFT] TO TAKE PLACE 9 P>LIAM5T1 WAS ALSO CONSID]$1 AS NOT A LITTLE EXTRAORD9>Y4 ,9 A WORD1 !RE APPE>$ NO?+ MANLY1 DECISIVE & +5U\S 9 ! :OLE TRANSACTION4 0,IF WE CONT5D = A REV5UE10 SU* WAS ! LANGUAGE ( OPPOSITION1 :5  

 .<#a#i#e.>  

 ! AFFAIR CAME AFT]W>DS TO BE CANVAS$1 0LET US E/ABLI% A REV5UE1 ?AT %ALL BE WOR? CONT5D+ =4 ,BUT IF1 ) MATURE WISDOM1 & JU/] PR9CIPLES1 WE MEAN CONCESSION2 LET US COME =W>D1 LIKE M51 & CONFESS \R ]ROR4 ,LET \R ACKN[L$GM5T ( ! RI<TS ( O!RS1 BE AS HONE/ & UNDISGUIS$1 AS WE W\LD WI% UPON A PROP] OCCASION1 TO BE ! ASS]TION ( \R [N40  

 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ! MO/ EXTRAORD9>Y DOME/IC OCCURR5CES ( ! PRES5T REIGN HAD TAK5 PLACE1 9 ! AFFAIR ( ! ,MIDDLESEX ELECTION4 ,MR4 ,WILKES WAS EXPELL$ ! H\SE ( COMMONS2 REELECT$ BY HIS CON/ITU5TS2 &1 9 RETURN1 DECL>$ 9CAPABLE ( FITT+ 9 ! PRES5T P>LIAM5T4 ,AS ! C\NTRY WAS NOT TO BE DIV]T$ TO ANO!R *OICE1 ! M9I/RY (F]$ ! FEAT TO ANY ONE1 :O W\LD PROPOSE HIMSELF AS A C&IDATE1 ?\< HE %\LD HAVE BUT F\R VOICES4  

 .<#a#i#f.>  

 ,UPON ?IS PR9CIPLE1 ,MR4 ,LUTTREL WAS AFT]W>DS DECL>$1 BY ! H\SE ( COMMONS1 ! LEGAL MEMB]4 ,NEV] DID ANY DET]M9ATION SPREAD A MORE UNIV]SAL FLAME ( DISCONT5T4 ,! CITY ( ,LONDON L$ ! WAY1 & MANY ( ! MO/ CONSID]ABLE C\NTRIES 9 ! K+DOM1 IMITAT$ !M1 9 PETITION+ ! SOV]EIGN = ! DISSOLUTION ( P>LIAM5T4  

 .<#a#i#g.>  

,*,A,P ,V,I,I 

 ,LORD ,*A?AM TAKES ! LEAD ( OPPOSITION4 -- ,APPO9TM5T ( LORD ,NOR?4 -- ,FALKL&'S ISL&S4 -- ,IMPRISONM5T ( ! LORD MAYOR4 -- ,9CROA*M5TS UPON ! ,EA/ ,9DIA COMPANY4 -- ,RIOT AT ,BO/ON4 -- ,P5AL ACTS ( P>LIAM5T4  

 ,WE >E N[ BR\<T TO ! LA/ ]A ( ! LIFE ( LORD ,*A?AM4 ,FROM H5CE=?1 HIS CONDUCT 9 UNACCOMMODAT+ & UNI=M4 ,! FIGURE H[EV]1 :I* HE MAKES1 AT ?IS TIME1 IS DIFF]5T FROM ?AT1 9 :I* WE HAVE HI!RTO SE5 HIM4 ,FROM HIS RESIGNATION 9 #a#g#f#a1 HE SEEM$ 9 SOME MANN]1 TO FILL ! EYE ( ! PUBLIC4 ,EV]Y MAN1 NOT 5LI/$ 9 A P>TY1 SEEM$ TO LOOK UP TO HIS PR9CIPLES1 AS ! /&>D ( LIB]TY2 & TO HIS CONDUCT1 AS !  

 .<#a#i#h.>  

 MODEL ( PUBLIC SPIRIT4 ,A ?\S& LESS] DEVIATIONS W]E =GIV5 HIM1 OR 9DE$ SEEM$ TO PASS UNOBS]V$1 AMID ! SPL5DOR ( HIS VIRTUES4 ,BUT ! FATAL ]A ( HIS ADM9I/RATION1 SUNK HIM 9 ! PUBLIC E/EEM4 ,IT WAS +LORI\S2 & ! G5]ALITY JUDGE RA!R BY EV5TS1 ?AN BY ACTIONS2 & >E NOT CURI\S 9 DISCRIM9AT+ ! UN=TUNATE1 & ! BLAMABLE4 ,A CONSID]ABLE P>T ( ! BLAME !Y PLACES1 :]E1 ,I BELIEVE1 PO/]ITY WILL NOT BE =W>D TO PLACE IT1 9 ! ACCEPTANCE ( A PE]AGE4 ,! REMOVAL H[EV]1 FROM ! H\SE ( COMMONS1 ?AT ATT5D IT1 CONTRIBUT$ TO %UT ! DOOR1 AGA9/ HIS RECOV]+ ?AT B\NDLESS POPUL>ITY1 :I* HE HAD =M]LY 5JOY$4  

 ,DISAPPO9T$ 9 ! 9AUSPICI\S EV5T ( ! ADM9I/RATION :I* HE HAD =M$ ) SO ASSIDU\S C>E2 & MORTIFI$1 AT ! IMPOLITIC PROCE$+S1 ( :I* HE HAD BE51 H[EV] DESIGN$LY1  

 .<#a#i#i.>  

 9 SOME MEASURE1 ! OCCASION1 HE LAID1 = SOME TIME1 HIS HEAD 9 ! OBSCURITY ( RETREAT4 ,BUT EV5 !RE1 ! VOICE ( ! PEOPLE REA*$ HIM4 ,HE WAS R\S$ FROM SUP9ESS & SLUMB]4 ,HE CAME =W>D1 TO FACE HIS [N TREA*]\S FRI5DS1 TOGE!R ) ?OSE NEW ASSOCIATES1 :OLE PR9CIPLES1 HE HAD EV] CONSID]$1 AS 9IMICAL TO LIB]TY4 ,HE EV5 SEEM$1 TO HAVE RIS5 FROM ! GRAVE1 ?AT ]E:ILE HAD HALF CLOS$ UPON HIS HEAD2 & TO HAVE CAU<T1 ONCE MORE1 ALL ! VIGOR & ANIMATION ( UNWORN Y\?4 ,HE %OOK (F ALL HIS LONG 9FIRMITIES4 ,HE MANAG$ NOT HIS DECL9+ YE>S4 ,) AMBITI\S EAG]NESS1 HE PRES5T$ HIMSELF UPON EV]Y OCCASION2 & :]E ! >TILL]Y ( OPPOSITION HAD MADE AN IMPRESSION1 UPON ! DEF5SES ( ! CABAL1 HE WAS EV] =EMO/ TO M\NT ! BREA*4 ,TOGE!R ) HIM1 HE BR\<T A SMALL1 BUT *OS5 PHALANX ,! BLUNT1 ! HONE/ & ! >TLESS E>L ,TEMPLE4  ,! ACCOMPLI%$1 ! ELABORATE  

 .<#b.>  

 ,LORD ,%ELB\RNE4 ,& LA/LY1 HIS EXCELL5T FRI5D1 ! LORD *ANCELLOR1 SAGACI\S & P5ETRAT+1 UNMOV$ BY WILES1 UNAW$ BY P[]4  

 ,) ?IS ADDITION TO ! /R5G? ( M9ORITY 9 ! H\SE ( LORDS1 ?AT P>TY APPE>$1 EV]Y WAY1 SO RESPECTABLE1 AS TO DIV]T ! ATT5TION ( ! PEOPLE1 ALMO/ 5TIRELY1 FROM ! PROCE$+S ( !IR REPRES5TATIVES2 UPON :OM IT HAS USUALLY BE5 FIX$2 BUT :O HAD1 9 A GREAT MEASURE1 ALI5AT$ !IR AFFECTIONS1 BY !IR CONDUCT 9 ! AFFAIR ( ,MR4 ,WILKES4 ,! SESSION COMM5C$1 ) A MOTION1 = AN AM5DM5T TO ! ADDRESS1 BY LORD ,*A?AM1 PROMIS+1 ) ALL CONV5I5T SPE$1 TO TAKE 9TO CONSID]ATION ! CAUSES ( ! PUBLIC DISCONT5TS1 & P>TICUL>LY ! AFFAIR1 FROM :I* !Y W]E SUPPOS$1 TO HAVE ORIG9AT$4 ,?IS AM5DM5T WAS SUPPORT$1 ) MU* 5]GY & DECISION1 BY LORD ,CAMD54 ,! CONSEQU5CE WAS HIS  

 .<#b#a.>  

 IMM$IATE DISMISSION FROM (FICE4  ,! SEALS W]E (F]$ TO ,MR4 ,*>LES ,YORKE1 :O IS SAID TO HAVE ACCEPT$ !M ) RELUCTANCE1 ?R\< ! P]SONAL 9TREATIES ( HIS SOV]EIGN2 & :O SURVIV$ HIS APPO9TM5T ONLY ?REE DAYS4  ,HE WAS SUPPOS$ TO HAVE PUT AN 5D TO HIS [N EXI/5CE1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( HIS REMORSE1 = ! DISGRACE1 HE IMAG9$ HIMSELF TO HAVE SU/A9$4  ,T]RIFI$ BY SO MANY CONCOMITANT CIRCUM/ANCES2 ! DISCONT5TS ( ! PEOPLE2 ! HO/ILITY ( HIS OLD PATRON2 & ! PRES5T UN=TUNATE EV5T2 ! DUKE ( ,GRAFTON DES]T$ ! HELM ( GOV]NM5T2 & LORD ,NOR?1 :O HAD BE51 = SOME TIME1 ! M9I/] ( ! H\SE ( COMMONS1 WAS APPO9T$ TO SUCCE$ HIM4  

 ,! ADM9I/RATION ( LORD ,NOR? WILL EV] MAKE A PR9CIPAL FIGURE1 9 ! HI/ORY ( ?IS C\NTRY4 ,IT MU/ BE ACKN[L$G$1 9 HIS FAVOR1 ?AT ! FE$S ( ?OSE CALAMITIES1 BY :I* HIS /ORY IS  

 .<#b#b.>  

 SO EM95TLY DI/+UI%$1 W]E REMOTELY S[N1 BE=E HIS ACCESSION TO (FICE2 & ?AT HE CAME =W>D1 AT A V]Y AL>M+ & CRITICAL P]IOD4 ,HIS APPO9TM5T WAS EVID5TLY1 9 SOME MEASURE1 ! EFFECT ( NECESSITY4 ,IF WAS BY *ANCE1 ?AT HE WAS PLAC$ AT ! HEAD ( AFFAIRS4 ,BUT IT HAS BE5 ! DI/+UI%+ *>ACT]I/IC ( ! PRES5T REIGN1 ?AT ?OSE APPO9TM5TS1 :I* W]E1 AT FIR/1 ! MO/ EVID5TLY TEMPOR>Y1 HAVE ALMO/ UNIV]SALLY1 9 ! 5D1 PROV$ ! MO/ P]MAN5T4  

 ,IF ?IS NOBLEMAN HAD NEV] POSSESS$ SO CONSPICU\S A PO/1 ONE MAY ALMO/ V5TURE TO FAY1 HIS ABILITIES W\LD NEV] HAVE BE5 ?\<T (4 ,HIS POLITICS HAVE SURELY HAD A SUFFICI5T TRIAL1 & ! EV5T HAS DECID$ UPON !IR M]IT4 ,HIS BOA/$ SKILL 9 F9ANCE1 SEEMS TO HAVE P>TAK5 ( ! NATURE ( FAIRY MONEY1 &1 :5 IT WAS CALL$ 9TO USE1 VANI%$ FROM ! T\*4 ,IF HE HAD ANY ABILITIES IT APPE>S  

 .<#b#c.>  

 TO HAVE BE5 9 DEBATE4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 HIS VOICE WAS H>%1 & HIS MANN] UNWIELDY4 ,HIS SPEE*ES W]E NEV] ILLUM9AT$ ) ONE RAY ( G5IUS2 &1 :5 HE AIM$ AT ANIMATION1 HE BECAME AN OBJECT = LAU<T]4 ,BUT HE POSSESS$ A SLEEP9ESS1 & A PHLEGM1 FROM :I* IT WAS JU/ POSSIBLE = HIM TO BE R\S$4 ,! PHILIPPICS ( OPPOSITION SELDOM BROKE 9 UPON HIS REPOSE4 ,&1 AS !Y SIMPLY PLAY$ UPON ! SURFACE ( HIS BRA91 )\T W\ND+ HIS M9D1 HE WAS ABLE TO RETORT !M ) A BUFFOON]Y1 ?AT WAS ADMIR$1 BECAUSE IT WAS UNRESEMBL$4 ,HE HAD ! FIR/-RATE QUALITY ( BE+ ABLE TO TALK LONG1 )\T EMB>RASSM5T4 ,HE WAS ABLE TOO1 TO /ATE A MATT] ( COMPLICAT$ CALCULATION1 ) CONSID]ABLE CLE>NESS4 ,9 ?IS RESPECT1 ! DAY1 9 :I* HE OP5$ ! BUDGET1 WAS ! V]Y ACME ( HIS GLORY4  

 ,9 SOME ?+S1 HIS LORD%IP RESEMBL$ ,MR4 ,GEORGE ,GR5VILLE1 ONE ( HIS PR$ECESSORS4  

 .<#b#d.>  

 ,LORD ,*A?AM HAD EV] CONSID]$ ?IS MAN1 AS A USEFUL DRUDGE2 & ACKN[L$G$1 ?AT HE HAD BE5 FREQU5TLY 9DEBT$ TO HIS RESE>*ES4 ,LORD ,NOR? HAD S]V$ ! WITTY1 ! VOLATILE ,MR4 ,*>LES ,T[N%5D1 9 ! FAME CAPACITY2 & ?AT G5TLEMAN IS SAID1 SO HAVE 5T]TA9$ A SIMIL> CONTEMPT = HIM4 ,9 ONE RESPECT H[EV]1 ! NOBLEMAN 9 QUE/ION1 WAS P]FECTLY OPPOSITE TO HIS PR$ECESSOR4 ,MR4 ,GR5VILLE WAS %REWD1 SAGACI\S & 9FLEXIBLE4 ,LORD ,NOR? SEEM$ TO HAVE NO S5TIM5TS ( HIS [N4 ,HE MA9TA9$1 ) ! SAME UNV>I$ C\NT5ANCE1 A SY/EM TODAY1 ! V]Y OPPOSITE ( ! SY/EM ( YE/]DAY4 ,LIKE ! ,DESDEMONA ( ,O!LLO'S DI/EMP]$ IMAG9ATION1 HE C\LD 0TURN1 & TURN1 & YET GO ON40 ,HE SEEMS TO HAVE NO OBJECTION TO ! EXECUTION ( MEASURES1 :I*1 AT ! SAME TIME1 HE PR(ESS$ TO DISAPPROVE4 ,I AM AFRAID1 ?IS IS ! V]Y WOR/ FEATURE1 ?AT CAN BELONG TO A POLITICAL *>ACT]4  

 .<#b#e.>  

 ,!SE *ANGES H[EV] DID NOT MAKE ANY IMM$IATE ALT]ATION 9 ! FACE ( AFFAIRS4 ,LORD ,*A?AM PROSECUT$ HIS OBJECT1 )\T 9T]MISSION2 & TRI$ EV]Y MEANS = ! GRATIFICATION ( ! WI%ES ( ! PEOPLE4 ,HE 5DEAVOR$1 BO? BY RESOLUTION1 & BY ! BILL1 TO REV]SE ! PROCE$+S UPON ! ,MIDDLESEX ELECTION4 ,HE MOV$ TO C5SURE ! M9I/]1 :O HAD ADVIS$ ! K+'S ANSW] TO A REMON/RANCE1 UPON ?AT SUBJECT1 FROM ! CITY ( ,LONDON4 ,& HE 5DEAVOR$ TO OBTA91 FROM ! H\SE ( LORDS1 AN ADDRESS TO ! SOV]EIGN1 = :AT WAS !N SO EAG]LY DESIR$1 & ! DISSOLUTION ( P>LIAM5T4 ,BUT ALL HIS ELOQU5CE WAS 9 VA94 ,M9I/]S DID NOT EV5 SEEM TO /UDY ! PLAUSIBLE1 & NEV] 5GAG$ HE>TILY 9 ! DEBATE1 TILL !Y CAME TO ! DIVISION4 ,?IS V5]ABLE H]O WAS REPEAT$LY CALL$ D[N1 BY ! Y\NGE/1 & LEA/ CONSID]ABLE ( ! PE]S1 = :AT !Y PRET5D$ TO CONSID]1 AS AN UNDUE W>M? ( EXPRESSION1 -- ,HIS P]SEV]ANCE  

 .<#b#f.>  

 H[EV]1  DID NOT GO UNDI/+UI%$4 ,! CITY FELT A SUITABLE GRATITUDE1 & VOT$ !IR ?ANKS TO HIM = HIS CONDUCT4  

 ,!RE IS SOME:AT REM>KABLE 9 ! SPEE* HE DELIV]$1 9 SUPPORT ( A MOTION1 = AUGM5T+ ! NUMB] ( SEAM54 ,HE CONCLUD$ ) !SE MEMORABLE WORDS3 0,AL?\<1 MY LORD1 0 SAID HE1 0 IT SEEMS TO BE SO UNSETTL$ AMONG US1 :E!R WE %ALL PUT ON ! >MOR ( DEF5SE2 -- A QUE/ION1 AT WOR/1 IF C>RI$ 9 ! AFFIRMATIVE1 :I* CANNOT BUT BE CONSID]$1 AS AN ACT ( PRUD5CE2 -- ,I DO N[ PL$GE MYSELF TO ?IS HONORABLE H\SE1 = ! TRU? ( :AT ,I AM GO+ TO ASS]T3 ?AT1 AT ?IS V]Y H\R1 ?AT WE >E SITT+ TOGE!R1 !RE HAS BE5 A BL[ ( HO/ILITY /RUCK AGA9/ US1 BY \R OLD 9VET]ATE 5EMIES1 9 SOME P>T ( ! WORLD40  --  ,?IS PR$ICTION WAS1 ALMO/ IMM$IATELY V]IFI$1 9 ! AFFAIR ( ,FALKL&'S ISL&S4  

 .<#b#g.>  

 ,POLITICAL PROPHESY IS A DISCRIM9AT+ P>TICUL> 9 LORD ,CA?AM'S *>ACT]4 ,HE WILL+LY 9DULG$ HIMSELF 9 IT2 & HE WAS P]HAPS V]Y SELDOM MI/AK54 ,MU* WAS UND\BT$LY [+ TO HIS 9TELLIG5CE2 & MU* TO ?AT SAGACITY1 )\T :I*1 HE PRON\NC$ EXTR9SIC 9TELLIG5CE TO BE NO?+4 ,BUT ?IS IS NOT ALL4 ,!RE IS AN 5?USIASM2 IF Y\ WILL1 AN 9SPIRATION1 ?AT IS CONNATE TO ALL ORIG9AL G5IUS4 ,NATURE SEEMS TO DELI<T1 TO [N1 & TO V9DICATE IT1 9 ALL IT'S EFF]VESC5CIES4  

 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ?IS IS P]HAPS ONE ( ! MO/ EXTRAORD9>Y 9/ANCES ( ! K9D1 ?AT IS TO BE MET ) 9 HI/ORY4 ,IT MAY !RE=E BE WOR? :ILE TO ATTEMPT TO ANALYZE IT1 & DI/9CTLY TO ASSISN ITS V>I\S CAUSES4 ,! *>ACT] ( ,BRITA9 HAD PALPABLY BE5 S9K+ = SEV]AL YE>S 9 ! EYES ( ,EUROPE4 ,! AFFAIR ) ,CORSICA HAD1 AT ONCE1 DEMON/RAT$ ?IS CIRCUM/ANCE1 & 9CREAS$ IT4 ,W>LIKE PREP>ATIONS W]E COMM5C$  

 .<#b#h.>  

 9 ! PORTS ( ,FRANCE & ,SPA94 ,! CONT9UANCE !RE=E ( ! G5]AL TRANQUILITY WAS BECOME PREC>I\S4 ,BUT !RE IS SOME?+ P]EMPTORY & CIRCUM/ANTIAL 9 ! PR$ICTION ,I HAVE RELAT$1 ?AT !SE CONSID]ATIONS DO1 BY NO MEANS ACC\NT =4 ,! OBJECT ( ! PREP>ATIONS WAS APP>5TLY UNC]TA94 ,WE W]E1 AT PRES5T1 9 FULL1 PEACE2 &1 IF ITS DURATION W]E PREC>I\S1 ! IMM$IATE COMM5CEM5T ( HO/ILITIES WAS MU* MORE SO4 ,IT WAS IMPROBABLE1 ?AT ! 5EMY %\LD BEG91 BY A PRECIPITATE ATTACK1 UPON A DI/ANT & UNIMPORTANT P>T ( ! EMPIRE4 ,! ATTACK MADE NO P>T ( ANY REGUL> SY/EM2 & !RE-SORE1 AS ! P>T ( SU* A SY/EM1 IT C\LD NOT BE DEVELOP$4  

 ,! T]RITORIAL RI<T TO ! ISL&S 9 QUE/ION1 WAS A MATT]1 9VOLV$ 9 ! UTMO/ OBSCURITY4 ,! ,SPANI>D H[EV] HAD 9VAD$ \R POSSESSION1 )\T ANY PREVI\S DISCUSSION1 & 9 FULL PEACE2  

 .<#b#i.>  

 & HAD /RIPP$ US ( IT1 ) CIRCUM/ANCES ( DELIB]AT$ 9SULT4 ,?IS PROCE$+ C]TA9LY DEM&$ EXEMPL>Y REP>ATION4 ,!Y SEEM$ H[EV] MU* DISPOS$1 TO PROCRA/9ATE ! NEGOTIATION4 ,AT L5G?1 BY ! M$IATION ( ,FRANCE 9 ! HOPES ( :OSE W>LIKE ASSI/ANCE !Y APPE> TO HAVE BE5 DISAPPO9T$1 !Y CONS5T$ TO REPLACE EV]Y ?+ 9 IT'S =M] SITUATION4 ,! ACCEPTANCE ( !SE T]MS MI<T HAVE BE5 ASCRIB$ TO A SPIRIT ( MOD]ATION4 ,NO OBJECT ( DISPUTE C\LD C]TA9LY BE MORE FRIVOL\S1 OR MORE UNWOR?Y ( PLUNG+ HALF MANK9D 9 ! HORRORS ( W>4 ,IT CAME \T H[EV]1 SOME TIME AFT]1 BY ! CONFESSION ( ! ,FR5* AMBASSADOR1 ?AT1 9 ORD] TO OBTA9 !SE T]MS1 WE W]E OBLIG$ TO /IPULATE1 ON \R P>T1 ! F9ALLY EVACUAT+ ! DISPUT$ ISL&S1 & 9 BE+ ! FIR/ TO DESI/ FROM \R W>LIKE PREP>ATIONS4  

 ,PROCE$+S1 LIKE !SE1 ?\< ! LA/ >TICLE WAS1 AT ?AT TIME1 ONLY SUSPECT$1  

 .<#b#a.>  

 ,W]E SO MU* ! REV]SE ( ! HAU<TY & DECISIVE MANN]S ( LORD ,*A?AM1 ?AT IT IS NOT TO BE WOND]$ AT1 ?AT HE /RA9$ EV]Y N]VE1 TO OBTA9 A P>LIAM5T>Y /IGMA1 UPON ! CONDUCT ( ! ,BRITI% NEGOTIATORS4 ,HE COMP>$ ! PRES5T COMPROMISE1 TO ! FAM\S CONV5TION ( SIR ,ROB]T ,WALPOLE1 ?AT L$ ! WAY TO ! W> ( #a#g#c#i2 & ASS]T$ ! PROBABILITY ( A SIMIL> EV5T4  

 ,) ?AT UN*ANG+ P]SEV]ANCE1 ?AT CON/ITUTE SO LEAD+ A TRAIT ( HIS *>ACT]1 HE BR\<T =W>D1 ONCE AGA91 ! AFFAIR ( ! ,MIDDLESEX ELECTION4 ,9 ORD] H[EV] TO V>Y ! SUBJECT ( DISCUSSION1 HE DIGRESS$ 9TO A /RICTURE1 UPON SOME REC5T P>TICUL>S1 9 ! CONDUCT ( \R C\RTS ( JU/ICE1 ?AT W]E ?\<T TO 9FR+E1 UPON ?AT 9VALUABLE *>ACT]I/IC ( ! ,5GLI% CON/ITUTION1 ! TRIAL BY JURY4 ,! P]SON1 :O WAS PR9CIPALLY PO9T$ AT1 9 ?IS  

 .<#b#a#a.>  

 AFFAIR2 & :O DID NOT MEET ! DISCUSSION1 ) ?AT READ9ESS1 :I* ! PUBLIC DESIR$1 WAS ! CELEBRAT$ LORD ,MANSFIELD4 ,HE WAS NE>LY ( ! SAME AGE ) \R H]O2 & !Y CAME =W>D1 AB\T ! SAME TIME1 TO G5]AL OBS]VATION4 ,HE WAS ! GREATE/ ( ALL LORD ,*A?AM'S CONTEMPOR>IES UPON ! PUBLIC /AGE4 ,! CELEBRAT$ COMPLIM5T ( ,POPE TO HIM1 IS NOT LESS JU/1 ?AN IT IS BEAUTIFUL2 ?AT NATURE HAD LEFT IT 9 HIS *OICE1 :E!R HE W\LD BE A ,TULLY1 OR A ,M>O4 ,M9UTE OBS]V]S HAVE PRET5D$ TO DISCOV] 9 HIM1 SOME?+ ( ! V9DICTIVE1 & SOME?+ TOO MU* ( >T4 ,HE HAS BE5 UNI=MLY ACCUS$1 ( LEAN+ T[>DS ! PR9CIPLES ( DESPOTISM4 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ! FIRMNESS ( HIS JUDGM5T1 & ! HONORABLE UNI=MITY ( HIS CONDUCT1 WILL NOT P]MIT US1 = A MOM5T1 TO D\BT ( HIS S9C]ITY1 9 ALL ! S5TIM5TS HE PR(ESSES4 ,?AT H[EV]1 :I* WE D>E NOT BLAME1 WE MAY HAVE LEAVE TO LAM5T4  

 .<#b#a#b.>  

 ,! SESSION CLOS$ ) AN AFFAIR1 ?AT1 AT ONCE1 REVIV$ ALL ! DEMOCRATIC >DOR1 ?AT HAD ATT5D$ ! PROCE$+S AGA9/ ,MR4 ,WILKES4  ,AN IMP]FECT ACC\NT HAD LONG BE5 GIV51 9 ! PUBLIC PAP]S1 ( ! DEBATES ( ! H\SE ( COMMONS ) IMPUNITY2 ?\< !RE WAS A /&+ ORD] AGA9/ IT4 ,AT ?IS TIME1 A MEMB] ?\<T FIT TO COMPLA9 ( ! MISREPRES5TATION HE HAD SUFF]$2 & ! PR9T]S W]E IMM$IATELY ORD]$ 9TO CU/ODY4 ,?REE ( !M W]E SOON AFT] APPREH5D$1 & SEV]ALLY C>RI$ BE=E ! LORD MAYOR1 & ! ALD]M5 ,WILKES & ,OLIV]2 :O DIS*>G$ !M FROM CONF9EM5T1 & B\ND !M OV] TO PROSECUTE !IR CAPTORS4 ,9FLAM$ AT ?IS 9/ANCE ( CONTEMPT1 ! H\SE COMMITT$ ,MR4 ,OLIV] & ! *IEF MAGI/RATE TO ! T[]4 ,SOME DIFFICULTY >IS+1 CONC]N+ ! MANN] ( ,MR4 ,WILKES'S APPE>ANCE BE=E !M1 :O CLAIM$1 AS A MEMB]2 HIS CONDUCT PASS$ )\T ANIMADV]SION4 ,! TWO PRISON]S W]E  

 .<#b#a#c.>  

 ATT5D$ TO CONF9EM5T BY ! ACCLAMATIONS ( ! PEOPLE4 ,!Y W]E FOLL[$ BY ! ?ANKS ( !IR FELL[ CITIZ5S4 ,& ! DAY ( !IR LIB]ATION WAS CELEBRAT$1 ) EV]Y M>K ( FE/IVITY & TRIUMPH4 ,! DISLIKE1 ?AT P>LIAM5T HAD 9CURR$1 WAS SO F> SWELL$ BY ?IS BUS9ESS1 ?AT LORD ,*A?AM EMPLOY$ IT1 AS A /RONG ADDITIONAL >GUM5T1 :5 HE R5EW$ HIS MOTION1 TO ADDRESS ! K+ TO DISSOLVE !M4  

 ,9 ! FOLL[+ SESSION1 HIS LORD%IP CAME =W>D1 AS ! ADVOCATE ( RELIGI\S LIB]TY1 9 SUPPORT ( A BILL = ! RELIEF ( ,PROTE/ANT DISS5T]S4 ,! YE> #aggb WAS UNDI/+UI%$ BY ANY REM>KABLE EV5T4 ,! POPUL> SPIRIT BEGAN1 AT ?IS TIME1 TO SUBSIDE2 & HAS S9CE REMA9$1 = ! MO/ P>T1 9 A /ATE ( LANGUOR & 9ACTIVITY4 ,! /R5G? ( OPPOSITION 9 P>LIAM5T WAS ALSO DECAY+2 ,MR4 ,GEORGE ,GR5VILLE WAS SOMETIME DEAD1 & LORD ,*A?AM BEGAN1 ONCE  

 .<#b#a#d.>  

 AGA91 TO )DRAW HIMSELF FROM ! PUBLIC !AT]4 ,IT WAS N[ ?AT ! *>ACT] ( ! M9I/] BEGAN1 MO/ VISIBLY1 TO GIVE A COLOR TO ! PUBLIC C\NSELS4 ,G5]ALLY SL[3 ANON1 DECISIVE1 ) A VEIL ( CON/ITUTIONAL MODE/Y1 VIOL5T1 UND] ! GUISE ( PHLEGMATIC MOD]ATION4 ,?IS TEMP]ATURE WAS EXCE$+LY VISIBLE1 9 ! MEASURES1 ?AT W]E N[ ADOPT$1 RESPECT+ ! ,EA/ ,9DIA COMPANY4 ,! S*EME ( LORD ,*A?AM1 :ATEV] IT WAS1 WAS COMPROMIS$1 BY HIS SUCCESSORS 9 (FICE1 9 CONSID]ATION ( A L>GE ANNUAL SUBSIDY1 TO BE PAID TO GOV]NM5T2 :I*1 IT AFT]W>DS APPE>$1 ! COMPANY C\LD ILL SP>E2 BUT ! PAYM5T ( :I* !Y PREF]R$1 TO ?AT 9VASION1 :I* WAS ?REAT5$1 ( !IR T]RITORIAL CLAIMS4 ,AT ?IS TIME1 !Y BECAME SO EMB>RASS$ 9 !IR AFFAIRS1 AS TO BE OBLIG$ TO DISCONT9UE ! SUBSIDY2 & EV5 TO DEM&1  

 .<#b#a#e.>  

 FROM GOV]NM5T1 A CONSID]ABLE LOAN4 ,! M9I/]1 BEHOLD+ ! COMPANY PRO/RATE AT HIS FEET1 CONSID]$ ?IS1 AS ! TIME1 TO ASS]T HIS SUPREMACY4 ,)\T ACTUALLY DEPRIV+ !M ( !IR POSSESSIONS1 HE E/ABLI%$ A P>LIAM5T>Y ASS]TION1 ?AT !Y HELD !M BY SUFF]ANCE1 & 9 CONSEQU5CE1 PASS$ A GREAT NUMB] ( VEXATI\S REGULATIONS2 :I* ?REW A CONSID]ABLE WEI<T ( 9FLU5CE 9TO ! SCALE ( GOV]NM5T1 BUT :I* W]E LITTLE LESS OBNOXI\S1 ?AN W\LD HAVE BE5 ! MO/ P]EMPTORY & UNQUALIFI$ PROCE$+S4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 HE SEEM$ WILL+ TO GRANT !M SOME COMP5SATION4  

 ,ADM9I/RATION HAD LONG TRIUMPH$ 9 ! SUCCESS ( !IR ,AM]ICAN MEASURES4 ,!Y SAW1 H[EV] NOT OP5LY1 ! TEA IMPORT$1 & ! TAX1 9 SOME MEASURE1 SUBMITT$ TO4 ,!Y DID NOT KN[1 ?AT ! /ILLNESS1 ?AT PREVAIL$ 9 ?AT C\NTRY1 WAS ! /ILLNESS ( REFLECTION2  

 .<#b#a#f.>  

 & !Y C\LD NOT P]CEIVE1 ?AT !IR M9DS W]E PROGRESSIVELY ALI5AT+ FROM DEP5D5CE UPON ,BRITA94 ,!Y FANCI$1 !Y SAW !M RECONCIL+1 BY DEGREES1 TO UNLIMIT$ SUBMISSION3 ?+S1 !Y BELIEV$1 HAD CONT9U$ LONG 5\<1 9 !IR PRES5T C\RSE3 ?IS WAS ! TIME TO ACT ) DECISION4 ,ACCORD+LY !Y IMAG9$1 !Y %\LD EFFECT TWO PURPOSES1 AT ONCE1 BY GRANT+ TO ! ,EA/ ,9DIA COMPANY1 :O H]ET(ORE HAD NEV] EXPORT$ H] [N COMMODITIES1 ! LIB]TY ( EXPORT+ TEA1 9 :ATEV] QUANTITY1 )\T BE+ SUBJECT TO ! USUAL IMPOSITIONS4 ,?US 5C\RAG$1 ! COMPANY %IPP$ A CONSID]ABLE QUANTITY = ,AM]ICA4  

 ,NO SOON] HAD ! ACC\NT ( !SE ?+S CROSS$ ! ,ATLANTIC1 ?AN ,AM]ICA ROSE UP1 AS ONE MAN2 & ALL ! COLONIES1 )\T PREVI\S CONC]T1 RESOLV$1 NOT TO P]MIT ! C>GOES TO BE L&$4 ,9 MO/ PLACES1 ! VESSELS1  

 .<#b#a#g.>  

 P]CEIV+ !IR VOYAGE TO HAVE BE5 TO NO PURPOSE1 PEACEABLY RETURN$4 ,AT ,BO/ON1 & O!R PLACES1 ?IS WAS REFUS$4 ,F9D+1 !RE=E NO O!R REM$Y1 & P]SUAD$1 ?AT ! TEA W\LD BE BR\<T ON %ORE1 BY DEGREES1 & !IR RESOLVES EVAD$1 A CONSID]ABLE P>TY ( ! 9HABITANTS W5T ON BO>D1 9 DISGUISE2 & HAV+1 )\T 9T]RUPTION1 DE/ROY$ ! C>GOES1 IMM$IATELY DISP]S$4  

 ,MATT]S W]E ?US BR\<T TO A V]Y S]I\S CRISIS4 ,! M9I/]1 :O1 9 ! =EGO+ SESSION1 HAD TRAMPL$ UPON A DEF5SELESS COMM]CIAL COMPANY1 N[ IMAG9$1 HE C\LD DO ! SAME ) ?REE MILLIONS ( PEOPLE1 /RET*$ OV] A WIDE CONT95T1 ( FIFTE5 HUNDR$ MILES 9 EXT5T3 ) A PEOPLE1 :OSE ANCE/ORS HAD LEFT !IR NATIVE FIELDS1 & FL$ TO ! UNC\? DES]TS ( ,AM]ICA1 9 PURSUIT ( LIB]TY2 & :O !MSELVES1 NURS$ 9 ! LAP ( /R5U\S  

 .<#b#a#h.>  

 FRE$OM1 W]E N[ 9 ! FIR/ /AGE ( CULTIVATION1 H>DY1 LABORI\S1 9TREPID1 & 5T]PRIS+4 ,ADM9I/RATION [$ ALL IT'S MISAPPREH5SIONS CONC]N+ !M1 9 A MANN]1 TO ONE S\RCE2 ! MIS9=MATION ( ! PROV9CIAL GOV]NORS4 ,IT HAD BE5 OBS]V$1 9 ! COMM5CEM5T ( ! LA/ W>1 ?AT ! ,9DIANS1 ALMO/ UNIV]SALLY1 SID$ ) ! ,FR5*4 ,!IR COMM&]S1 P]SONS ( G5]\S BLOOD1 & G5TLE DEMEANOR1 WON OV] ! NATIVES1 BY !IR ACCOMMODAT+ MANN]S & !IR EQUITABLE CONDUCT2 :ILE \RS1 M51 = ! MO/ P>T1 ( BROK5 =TUNES1 & RU9$ *>ACT]1 EMPLOY$ NO MANAGEM5T1 & UND]/OOD NO POLICY4 ,PO/]ITY WILL LOOK BACK A/ONI%$1 TO SEE !IR ANCE/ORS1 SACRIFIC+ !IR DE>E/ POSSESSIONS1 TO ! PRECIPITATION ( A V]Y FEW OBSCURE 9DIVIDUALS1 9 !IR ORIG9 BASE1 & 9 !IR P]SONS CONTEMPTIBLE4  

 ,9 ?IS MANN] !M MISL$1 ADM9I/RATION DET]M9$ UPON MEASURE ( !  

 .<#b#a#i.>  

 BOLDE/ DESCRIPTION4 ,!IR POLICY WAS COMPRIS$ 9 F\R ACTS ( P>LIAM5T2 = %UTT+ UP ! PORT ( ,BO/ON2 = *ANG+ ! GOV]NM5T ( ! PROV9CE ( ,MASSA*USETTS-BAY2 = ADJ\RN+ ! TRIAL ( DEL9QU5TS 9 ,AM]ICA1 FROM ONE ( ! COLONIES1 TO ANO!R1 OR TO GREAT ,BRITA92 & = EXT5D+ ! LIMITS1 & GRANT+ AN E/ABLI%M5T TO ! ,FR5* SY/EM ( POLICY & RELIGION 9 ,CANADA4  --  ,9 ! C\RSE ( ?IS SESSION1 & A LITTLE PREVI\S TO ! DISCLOSURE ( ! ABOVE SY/EM1 OPPOSITION OBTA9$ A MO/ 9VALUABLE ACQUISITION1 9 ! P]SON ( ,MR4 ,*>LES ,FOX4  

 .<#b#b.>  

,*,A,P ,V,I,I,I  

 ,MEET+ ( ! G5]AL CONGRESS4 -- ,LORD ,*A?AM'S CONCILIATORY PLAN4 -- ,CO]CIVE MEASURES PURSU$4 -- ,COMM5CEM5T ( ! W>4 -- ,DECL>ATION ( 9DEP5D5CY4 -- ,CAMPAIGN ( #a#g#g#f4 --  ,EXP$ITION FROM ,CANADA4   

 ,?,\,<1 9 ! YE> #agg LORD ,*A?AM HAD COME =W>D1 ) AN APP>5T DET]M9ATION1 FROM !NCE=? TO TAKE A REGUL> %>E1 9 ! P>LIAM5T>Y DELIB]ATIONS2 HE H[EV] F\ND HIMSELF IRRESI/IBLY BAFFL$ BY ! 5CROA*M5TS ( DISEASE4 ,FROM HIS Y\?1 HE HAD BE5 ! M>TYR ( AN H]$IT>Y G\T4 ,SC>CELY ANY P]SON WAS EV] SUBJECT TO ?AT PA9FUL DI/EMP]1 9 A GREAT] DEGREE4 ,= SOME YE>S1 BE=E HIS DEA?1 HE WAS1 9 A MANN]1 CONF9$ TO HIS *AMB]4 ,IT WAS ONLY1 AT DI/ANT   

 .<#b#b#a.>  

 9T]VALS1 ?AT HE C\LD TE> HIMSELF FROM ! C\* ( IMBECILITY2 & APPE>1 9 HIS D>L+ *>ACT] ( A S5ATOR1 & UPON HIS PROP] !AT]1 ! GREAT C\NCIL ( ! NATION4 ,BUT R>E1 AS !SE APPE>ANCES W]E1 !Y ACQUIR$1 FROM ?AT CIRCUM/ANCE1 AN ADDITIONAL SPL5DOR4 ,IT WAS NO LONG] PROP]1 = ?IS H]O ( A =M] AGE1 TO WA/E HIS EF=TS UPON A VULG> !ME2 OR1 9 ANY CASE1 TO JO9 9 ! CRY ( A P>TY1 OR VIEW SITUATIONS1 ?R\< ! M$IUM ( PRIVATE AFFECTION4 ,ALO( FROM ! H]D ( LI/$ COMBITANTS1 IT BECAME HIM1 AS IT W]E1 TO DICTATE HIS S5TIM5TS FROM A MORE ELEVAT$ /ATION3 & HE SEEM$ TO REQUIRE A !ME1 NEW1 AS HIS SITUATION2 & L>GE1 AS HIS GODLIKE S\L4 ,& SU* A !ME WAS PROVID$ = HIM4 

 ,IT MAY NOT BE UNPLEAS+1 TO RECOLLECT1 = A MOM5T1 BY :AT GRADUAL /EPS1 HE ROSE TO AN ELEVATION1 :I* NEV] MORTAL KNEW BESIDE HIM4 ,9 HIS COMM5CEM5T   

 .<#b#b#b.>  

 HE APPE>$ HUMBLE & UNASSUM+1 V]Y LIMIT$ 9 HIS 9COME1 & PLAC$ AT ! V]Y FOOT ( A PROSESSION1 9 :I* M]IT (T5 GR[S GRAY 9 OBSCURITY4 ,IT WAS BY SIL5T1 UNOBS]V$ /EPS1 BY LABORI\S /UDY1 & ACCUMULAT$ REFLECTION1 ?AT HE ADVANC$4 ,AT L5G?1 HE TOOK HIS SEAT 9 P>LIAM5T1 & BECAME DI/+UI%$ = AN ELOQU5CE1 BEAUTIFUL1 MAGNIFIC5T & IMPOS+4 ,BY DEGREES1 HE F> \T/RIPP$ HIS COMPETITORS1 & /OOD ALONE1 ! RIVAL ( ANTIQUITY4--,FIX$ 9 HIS *>ACT] = ELOQU5CE1 HE WAS N[ DE/9$ TO APPE> 9 A DIFF]5T SC5E4 ,HE BECAME ! FIR/ M9I/] ( ,BRITA92 ! SOLE CONDUCTOR ( AN >DU\S W>2 ! OBJECT1 UPON :I* ! HOPES ( HIS C\NTRY1 & ! APPREH5SIONS ( CONT5D+ ,EUROPE1 W]E ULTIMATELY FIX$4 ,9 ?IS SITUATION1 IT IS LITTLE TO SAY1 ?AT HE CALL$ =? ! LONG =GOTT5 MAGNANIMITY ( ! EMPIRE2 ?AT UN9T]RUPT$1 UNRIVAL$ SUCCESS ATT5D$ HIS ADM9I/RATION4 ,HE WAS HIMSELF A  

 .<#b#b#c.>  

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

 .<#b#b#d.>  

 HEAV5 PROLONG$ ! %UTT+ DAY1 ?AT IT MI<T F9ALLY CLOSE1 ) UNTRI$ SPL5DORS1 = ! WORLD TO WOND] AT4 ,P]HAPS NO MAN EV] FILL$ SO IMPORTANT A SITUATION4 ,A ?\S& CIRCUM/ANCES SEEM$ TO PO9T HIM \T1 AS ! >BIT] ( TWO CONT5D+ C\NTRIES1 GREAT 9 !II 9H]5T MAGNITUDE1 & :OSE DISPUTE WAS1 EV]Y WAY1 PECULI>LY 9T]E/+4 ,AH1 HAPPY ,BRITA96 HAD %E SEIZ$ ! GOLD5 OPPORTUNITY2 & LI/5$ TO ! ,VOICE ( NATIVE SAGACITY1 & ACCUMULAT$ EXP]I5CE1 :I* WAS ?US P\R$ 9 H] E>S4 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ! WANT ( SUCCESS1 :I* ATT5D$ ! EF=TS ( \R H]O1 H[EV]1 AS M51 WE MAY LAM5T IT2 9 ! EYE ( AB/RACT TA/E1 P]HAPS CONTRIBUTES1 TO ! :OLE1 A F9I%+ BEAUTY4 ,?IS IS ITS LANGUAGE4  ,IF 0,BRITA9 C\LD HAVE BE5 SAV$1 BY ?IS RI<T-H& IT HAD BE5 SAV$40 ,& ?IS IS ITS EFFECT4 ,TO GIVE AN UNSPEAKABLE SOLEMNITY TO ! SC5E1 & TO COMPLETE ! MO/ AWFUL TRAG$Y 9 ! WORLDS BY  

 .<#b#b#e.>  

 JO9+1 ) ! DEA? ( ,*A?AM1 ! ,CRU% ( A MI<TY EMPIRE 9 HIS RU9S4  

 ,IT WAS 9 ! CLOSE ( ! SESSION1 :OSE PR9CIPAL ACTS HAVE ALREADY BE5 DESCRIB$1 ?AT ?IS NOBLEMAN APPE>$1 ONCE AGA91 )9 ! WALLS ( P>LIAM5T1 9 OPPOSITION TO ! ,CANADA BILL4 ,HE LAM5T$ ?AT WANT ( HEAL?1 :I* PREV5T$ HIM1 FROM BE>+ HIS UNI=M TE/IMONY1 AGA9/ EV]Y P>T ( SO DE/RUCTIVE A SY/EM4 ,HE W5T OV] !#a SAME GR\ND ( >GUM5T & ADVICE1 TO :I* HE HAD ADH]$1 UPON ?IS SUBJECT1 ) ! MO/ UNALT]ABLE CONSI/5CY ,BUT HIS PR9CIPAL EF=T WAS RES]V$1 = ! COMM5CEM5T ( ! YE> #a#g#g#e4  

 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ! 5SU+ SUMM] APPE>$ ) ! MO/ S]I\S & ?REAT5+ ASPECT 9 ,AM]ICA4 ,BO? P>TIES W]E BACKW>D 9 PROCE$+ TO EXTREMITIES4 ,BUT ! IMP5D+ TEMPE/1 ! MORE SL[LY IT =MS1 & ! LONG] IT  

 .<#b#b#f.>  

 IS BREW+ OV] \R HEADS1 GR[S ,CA MU* BLACK] & BLACK]1 & RU%ES UPON US1 AT LA/1 ) MORE TREM5D\S FURY4 ,ADM9I/RATION HAD CLOS$ ! SESSION ) TRIUMPH1 & EXPECT$1 ?AT ! FIRMNESS ( !IR C\NT5ANCE WAS IMM$IATELY TO T]RIFY ,AM]ICA 9TO ABJECT SUBMISSION4 ,! EV5T WAS EXACTLY ! REV]SE ( ! PR$ICTION4 ,M5ACE & CO]CION S]VE ONLY TO R\SE ! MANLY SPIRIT4 ,EV]Y PROV9CE ASSOCIAT$ H]SELF1 9 ! CAUSE ( LIB]TY2 & ! WEAK & IMPROVID5T MEASURES1 ?AT W]E 9T5D$ TO DIVIDE !M1 PROV$ TO !M1 ! CEM5T ( AN 9DISSOLUBLE UNION4 ,!Y IMM$IATELY ELECT$ A G5]AL CONGRESS1 :O DET]M9$ UPON ! MO/ DELIB]ATE MEASURES = !IR FUTURE SAFETY2 & CONCLUD$ ) DRAW+ UP ADDRESSES1 TO !IR FELL[ CITIZ5S2 TO !IR NEI<BORS ( ,CANADA2 & TO ! 9HABITANTS ( ,BRITA9 2 TOGE!R ) A PETITION TO ! ?RONE4 ,!SE PAP]S W]E EXECUT$ ) UNCOMMON 5]GY &  

 .<#b#b#g.>  

 ADDRESS2 &1 9 VIGOR ( S5TIM5T1 & ! N]V\S LANGUAGE ( PATRIOTISM1 W\LD NOT C]TA9LY HAVE DISGRAC$ ANY ASSEMBLY1 ?AT EV] EXI/$4  

 ,! SESSION ( #a#g#g#e1 ESPECIALLY 9 ITS COMM5CEM5T1 C]TA9LY 9CLUD$ AS AWFUL A CRISIS1 AS CAN BE IMAG9$4 ,! EV5T ( PEACE OR W>2 ! IMM$IATE DESOLATION ( ,AM]ICA2 ! EV5TUAL RU9 ( ,BRITA92 & ! EMANCIPATION ( ONE HALF ( ! WORLD1 PALPABLY HUNG UPON !IR FIR/ DET]M9ATIONS4 ,M9I/RY1 9 ORD] TO HAVE A CLE>] FIELD BE=E !M1 HAD PREVI\SLY DISSOLV$ ! OLD P>LIAM5T1 & SUMMON$ A NEW ONE4 ,9 !IR LA/ SESSION1 IT HAD BE5 USUAL1 = ! COMMONS1 TO CONSULT ! TEMP] ( !IR CON/ITU5TS MORE1 ?AN UPON O!R OCCASIONS1 9 ORD] TO 9SURE !IR SUFFRAGES1 AT ! G5]AL ELECTION4 ,& IT WAS 9DISP5SABLY NECESS>Y1 ?AT !Y %\LD BE UN%ACKL$1 9 ! COMM5CEM5T ( SO >DU\S AN ADV5TURE4  

 .<#b#b#h.>  

 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ! S]VANTS ( ! CR[N W]E SO BACKW>D1 9 BR++ \T !IR ,AM]ICAN SY/EM1 ?AT ! PLAN ( CONCILIATION1 =M$ BY LORD ,*A?AM1 HAD ! />T ( !M4 ,HE BEGAN ) A MOTION1 = )DRAW+ ! ROYAL =CES FROM ,BO/ON4 ,HE TOLD ! H\SE1 ?AT1 9 ?IS DI/RACT$ SITUATION ( AFFAIRS1 HE HAD CRAWL$ ?I!R1 TO (F] !M ! BE/ ( HIS EXP]I5CE & ADVICE4 ,HE URG$ ! NECESSITY ( ! /EP HE HAD RECOMM5D$1 AS ! MEANS ( OP5+ A WAY = SETTL+ ! DANG]\S TR\BLES 9 ,AM]ICA1 BY BEG9N+ TO ALLAY F]M5TS1 & S(T5 ANIMOSITIES !RE4 ,HE SAID1 AN H\R N[ LO/1 MI<T PRODUCE YE>S ( CALAMITY4- ,HIS OBJECT WAS1 TO PUT HIS FOOT UPON ! ?RE%OLD ( PEACE4 ,HIS PRES5T MOTION WAS ONLY ! 9TRODUCTION1 TO A COMPREH5SIVE PLAN2 & HE PL$G$ HIMSELF TO ! H\SE1 ?AT HE W\LD NOT DES]T = A MOM5T ! CONDUCT ( ?IS MI<TY BUS9ESS4 ,UNLESS NAIL$ TO HIS B$ BY ! EXTREMITY (  

 .<#b#b#i.>  

 SICKNESS1 SICKNESS1 HE W\LD GIVE IT HIS UNREMITT$ ATT5TION2 HE W\LD KNOCK AT ! DOOR ( A SLEEP+ & CONF\ND$ M9I/RY1 & R\SE !M TO A S5SE ( !IR IMPORTANT DANG]4  

 ,HE DESCRIB$ ! SITUATION ( ! TROOPS AT ,BO/ON1 AS TRULY UNWOR?Y1 BE+ P5N$ UP1 & P9+ 9 +LORI\S 9ACTIVITY4 ,HE CALL$ !M1 AH >MY ( IMPOT5CE & CONTEMPT3 &1 TO MAKE ! FOLLY EQUAL TO ! DISGRACE1 !Y W]E AN >MY ( IRRITATION4 0,Y\ IRRITATE Y\R COLONIES TO UNAPPEASABLE RANCOR4 ,IT IS NOT REPEAL+ ?IS1 OR ?AT ACT ( P>LIAM5T2 NOT ! ANNIHILATION ( A FEW DIRTY %R$S ( P>*M5T1 ?AT CAN RE/ORE ,AM]ICA TO Y\R BOSOM4 ,Y\ MU/ REPEAL H] FE>S2 & H] RES5TM5TS2 & Y\ MAY !N HOPE = H] LOVE & GRATITUDE40  

 ,HE WAS LAVI% 9 HIS PRAISES ( ! CONGRESS4 ,= HIMSELF1 HE MU/ AV[1  

 .<#b#c.>  

 ?AT 9 ALL HIS READ+ & OBS]VATION3 -& IT HAD BE5 HIS FAVORITE /UDY2 HE HAD READ ,?UCYDIDES2 & HAD /UDI$ & ADMIR$ ! MA/] /ATES ( ! WORLD3-ANTIQUITY RECORD$ NO?+1MORE HONORABLE1 MORE RESPECTABLE1 ?AN ?IS DESPIS$ MEET+4 ,IT HAS BE5 9 CIRCULATION1 ?AT1 IF ! /AMP ACT HAD NEV] BE5 REPEAL$1 WE %\LD1 AT ?IS H\R1 HAVE BE5 AT PEACE & QUIETNESS ) ,AM]ICA3 & FROM ?IS1 0MANY PEOPLE URGE ! DANG]1 AS WELL AS 9EFFICANCY ( CONCILIAT+ MEASURES1 AT PRES5T40 ,I KN[1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 FROM ! MO/ RESPECTABLE AU?ORITY1 ?AT !SE W]E1 AT ?AT 9/ANT1 ! PREVAL5T & /EADY PR9CIPLES ( ,AM]ICA3 ?AT Y\ MI<T DE/ROY !IR 0T[NS1 MI<T CUT !M (F FROM ! SUP]FLUITIES1 & EV5 ! CONV5I5CES ( LIFE02 BUT ?AT !Y W]E PREP>$ TO DESPISE Y\R P[]1 & 0W\LD NOT LAM5T !IR LOSS1 :ILE !Y HAD1-:AT1 MY LORDS 8- !IR LIB]TY4  

 .>#b#c#a.>  

 0,DO Y\ ?9K1 ?AT M51 :O C\LD BE R\S$ TO =EGO !IR PR(ITS1 !IR  PLEASURES1 & ! PEACEABLE 5JOYM5T ( !IR DE>E/ CONNECTIONS1 ALL = ! SAKE ( LIB]TY1 WILL BE :IPP$ 9TO VASSALAGE1 LIKE SLAVES8 ,:Y1 0?IS CONDUCT 9 GOV]NM5T1 IS SO FAN#dE TA/ICAL & A]IAL 9 PRACTICE1 ?AT IT1 0BY F>1 EXCE$S ! BOLDE/ W+ (  POETRY2 = POETRY HAS (T5 READ 90/RUCTIVE1 AS WELL AS PLEAS+ LESSONS TO 0MANK9D2 &1 ?\< ME SOMETIMES 0AMUSE H]SELF 9 FICTION1 ?AT FICTION1 ' TO PLEASE1 %\LD BE F\ND$ 9 V]I0SIMILITUDE4 ,BUT1 9 ?IS WISE SY/EM1 0!RE IS NO?+ LIKE TRU?2 NO?+ LIKE POLICY2 NO?+ LIKE JU/ICE1 EXC P]I5CE1 OR COMMON S5SE40  

 0,WE %ALL BE =C$ ULTIMATELY TO RETRACT3 LET US RETRACT1 :ILE WE CAN DO IT ) HONOR4 ,!SE VIOL5T1  OPPRESSIVE ACTS MU/ BE REPEAL$4 ,I PL$GE MYSELF = IT1 ?AT Y\ WILL1  

 .<#b#c#b.>  

 09 ! 5D1 REPEAL !M4 ,I /AKE MY REPUTATION UPON IT4 ,I WILL CONS5T TO BE TAK5 = AN IDEOT1 IF !Y >E NOT F9ALLY REPEAL$4 ,! CAUSE ( ,AM]ICA IS ALLI$ TO EV]Y TRUE :IG4  ,?IS GLORI\S SPIRIT ANIMATES ?REE MILLIONS ( M5 9 \R COLONIES4 ,:AT %ALL OPPOSE ?IS SPIRIT 8  AID$ BY ! CONG5IAL FLAME1 GL[+ 9 ! BREA/ ( EV]Y :IG 9 ,5GL&1 TO ! AM\NT1 ,I HOPE1 ( D\BLE ! ,AM]ICAN NUMB]S4 ,IREL& !Y HAVE TO A MAN4 ,NAY1 :AT DEP5D5CE CAN Y\ HAVE UPON Y\R SOLDI]Y1 ! UNHAPPY 9/RUM5TS ( Y\R WRA?8 ,!Y >E ,5GLI%M51 :O MU/ FEEL = ! PRIVILEGES ( ,5GLI%M5 & !IR C>RY+ MUSKETS & BAYONETS AB\T !M1 SURELY DOES NOT EXCLUDE !M FROM ! PALE ( CIVIL COMMUNITY4 ,=EIGN W> HANGS OV] Y\R HEADS1 BY A FLI<T & BRITTLE ?READ4 ,FRANCE & ,SPA9 >E WAT*+  

 .<#b#c#c.>  

 0Y\R CONDUCT1 & WAIT+ = ! MATURITY ( Y\R ]RORS40  

 0,BUT Y\ >E ANXI\S1 :O %\LD DIS>M FIR/8 ,! GREAT POET1 & P]HAPS A GREAT] POLITICIAN1 ?AN EV] HE WAS A POET1 HAS GIV5 Y\ ! WISE/ C\NSEL2 FOLL[ IT40  

 ,TUQUE PRIOR1 TIT P>CE2 G5US QUI DUCIS ,OLIMPO2  

 ,PROJICE TELA MANU4   

 0,) A DIGNITY1 BECOM+ Y\R EXALT$ SITUATION1 MAKE ! FIR/ ADVANCES TO CONCORD1 TO PEACE & HAPP9ESS2 = ?AT IS Y\R TRUE DIGNITY1 TO ACT ) PRUD5CE & ) JU/ICE40  

 ,! NOBLE E>L CONCLUD$ HIS ANIMAT$ H>RANGUE 9 ! FOLL[+ EMPHATICAL MANN]4 0,MY LORDS1 IF ! 0M9I/]S ?US P]SEV]E 9 MISADVIS+ & MISLEAD+ ! K+1 ,I WILL NOT SAY1 ?AT !Y CAN ALI5ATE ! AFFECTIONS ( HIS SUBJECTS FROM HIS CR[N2 BUT ,I WILL AFFIRM1 ?AT !Y WILL MAKE  

 .<#b#c#d.>  

 ! CR[N NOT WOR? HIS WE>+4 ,I WILL NOT SAY1 ?AT ! K+ IS BETRAY$2 BUT ,I WILL AFFIRM1 ?AT ! K+DOM IS UNDONE4  

 ,! TIMES W]E GREATLY *ANG$1 S9CE ?IS WOND]FUL MAN MOLD$ ! ATT5TIVE S5ATE4 ,=M]LY HE HAD T\*$ A MA/] PASSION 9 HUMANITY1 & ?UND]$ 9 !IR E>S ! ADVANCEM5T ( !IR C\NTRY'S DIGNITY & P[]4 ,N[ HE ADDRESS$ AN ASSEMBLY1 ALL :OSE PREJUDICES & PRE-CONCEPTIONS W]E 9 OPPOSITION TO HIM4 ,HE HAD >M$ !M AGA9/ HIMSELF1 BY ! SUCCESSES ( ! LA/ W>1 & ! IMMEASURABLE HAU<T9ESS !Y 9SPIR$4 ,WRAPP$ 9 ! CONTEMPLATION ( !IR [N GR&EUR AMID IRRESI/IBLE /R5G?1 HE HAD TO REASON D[N 9 !M ! PRIDE ( EMPIRE2 & TO P]SUADE ?OSE TO YIELD1 :O IMAG9$ !MSELVES ABLE TO DICTATE4 ,P]HAPS NO ORATOR EV] SUCCE$$ 9 A CAUSE1 9 :I* IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE = HIM  

 .<#b#c#e.>  

 TO 9T]E/ ANY ACTIVE PASSION ( ! S\L 9 HIS FAVOR4  

 ,! REJECTION H[EV] ( HIS MOTION1 DID NOT DISC\RAGE LORD ,*A?AM1 FROM BR++ =W>D ! BODY ( ?AT CONCILIATORY S*EME2 :I* HE HAD ALREADY1 9 P>T1 ANN\NC$1 & TO :I* ! MOTION WAS ONLY 9TRODUCTORY4 ,HE ACCORD+LY (F]$ TO ! H\SE1 ! \TL9ES ( 0A PROVISIONAL ACT1 = SETTL+ ! TR\BLES 9 ,AM]ICA2 & = ASS]T+ ! SUPREME LEGISLATIVE AU?ORITY1 & SUP]9T5D+ P[] ( ,GREAT ,BRITA91 OV] H] COLONIES40 ,AMONG A GREAT V>IETY ( MATT]1 ! BILL WAS TO DECL>E ! COLONIES1 DEP5D5T UPON ! CR[N1 & SUBORD9ATE TO ! P>LIAM5T ( ,BRITA94 ,IT ASS]T$ ! COMPET5CY ( P>LIAM5T1 TO MAKE LAWS TO B9D ,AM]ICA1 9 MATT]S1 T\*+ ! G5]AL WEAL2 & MORE ESPECIALLY 9 REGULAT+ AFFAIRS ( NAVIGATION & TRADE4 ,IT ADMITT$1 ?AT  

 .<#b#c#f.>  

 NO TAX1 TALLAGE1 OR REV5UE C\LD BE LEVI$ 9 ,AM]ICA1 EXCEPT BY COMMON CONS5T 9 !IR PROV9CIAL ASSEMBLIES4 ,IT LEGALIZ$ ! HOLD+ ! 5SU+ SESSION ( CONGRESS1 = ! D\BLE PURPOSE ( RECOGNIZ+ ! SUP]9T5D+ P[] ( ! ,BRITI% LEGISLATURE2 & ( MAK+ A GRANT TO ! K+ ( A C]TA9 P]PETUAL REV5UE1 SUBJECT TO ! DISPOSITION ( P>LIAM5T2 NOT AS A CONDITION = R$RESS1 BUT AS A TE/IMONY ( AFFECTION4 ,LA/LY1 IT EV5TUALLY REPEAL$ ! OBNOXI\S ACTS ( P>LIAM5T4  

 ,IT'S ILLU/RI\S AU?OR 9TREAT$ ! ASSI/ANCE ( ! H\SE1 TO DIGE/ ! CRUDE MAT]IALS1 :I* 9 ! =M ( A BILL1 HE HAD PRESUM$ TO LAY BE=E !M4 ,HE CALL$ ON !M1 TO EX]CISE !IR C&OR2 & DEPRECAT$ ! EFFECTS ( P>TY & PREJUDICE1 ( FACTI\S SPLE51 OR BL9D PR$ILECTION4 ,HE DECL>$ HIMSELF TO BE ACTUAT$ BY NO N>R[ PR9CIPLE1 OR P]SONAL CONSID]ATION4 ,& HE SAID1  

 .<#b#c#g.>  

 ?AT1 ?\< HIS BILL MI<T BE LOOK$ UPON1 AS A BILL ( CONCESSION1 IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE1 NOT1 AT ! SAME TIME1 TO CONFESS1 ?AT IT WAS A BILL ( ASS]TION4- ,?+S W]E H[EV] N[ C>RI$ ) SO HI< A H&1 ?AT ! BILL WAS REJECT$1 BY A MAJORITY ( ALMO/ TWO TO ONE1 & NOT EV5 SUFF]$ TO LIE UPON ! TABLE4  

 ,IT CANNOT REASONABLY BE D\BT$1 ?AT ?IS BILL1 IF IT HAD PASS$ 9TO A LAW1 W\LD HAVE BE5 PRODUCTIVE ( ! MO/ SALUT>Y CONSEQU5CES4 ,TO AFFIRM SO COMPLICAT$ A MEASURE1 TO HAVE BE51 9 ALL ITS P>TS UNEXCEPTIONABLE1 W\LD BE TO ADVANCE A MO/ ADV5TUR\S POSITION4 ,BUT ! V]Y V5]ATION & CONFID5CE1 ?AT ,AM]ICA 5T]TA9$ = ! *>ACT] ( LORD ,*A?AM1 W\LD HAVE L$ !M TO REVIEW IT1 9 A V]Y DIFF]5T SPIRIT2 FROM ?AT1 :I* ACTUAT$ !M 9 SURVEY+1 :AT !Y ?\<T1 ! CONTRACT$ & 9SIDI\S S*EMES ( ! P]SONS1  

 .<#b#c#h.>  

 !N 9 ADM9I/RATION4 ,! :OLE CONT95T WAS1 AS YET1 BY NO MEANS1 P]SUAD$ 9TO ! MANLY & DECISIVE IDEAS ( 9DEP5D5CE & TOTAL SEP>ATION4 ,& ! MORE RESOLUTE & PHILOSOPHICAL W\LD D\BTLESS HAVE PO/PON$ !IR CONCEPTIONS1 TO ! DREAD ( DISUNION1 & ! RECOLLECTION ( ! POSSIBLE MIS*ANCES1 & 9SEP>ABLE CALAMITIES ( W>4  

 ,BY ?IS DI/+UI%$ P>LIAM5T>Y EF=T1 M9I/RY W]E R\S$ TO BR+ =W>D !IR [N PLAN4 ,!Y DECL>$ A REBELLION1 ACTUALLY EXI/+1 9 ! PROV9CE ( ,MASSA*USETTS BAY4 ,!Y BR\<T 9 A BILL1 = RE/RA9+ ! COMM]CE1 & ANNIHILAT+ ! FI%]IES ( ! ,NEW ,5GL& PROV9CES4 ,! PR9CIPLES ( ?IS BILL W]E1 SOON A/]1 EXT5D$ TO MO/ ( ! S\!RN COLONIES4 ,& TO W9D UP ! :OLE1 !Y 9TRODUC$1 :AT !Y CALL$1 A CONCILIATORY PROPOSITION1 P]MITT+ EA* COLONY SEP>ATELY1 TO (F] A C]TA9 9COME TO  

 .<#b#c#i.>  

 GOV]NM5T1 :I*1 IF APPROV$1 MI<T BE ACCEPT$ 9 LIEU ( A P>LIAM5T>Y REV5UE4 ,?IS WAS ! CONSUMMATION ( ! PLAN1 AT ?IS TIME1 AV[$ BY ADM9I/RATION1 & F\ND$ 9 ! MAXIM1 AS IMPOLITIC1 AS IT IS DETE/ABLE1 DIVIDE ET IMP]A4 ,T5 ?\S& M5 WAS ! =CE1 DE/9$ TO C>RY ! M9I/]IAL IDEAS 9TO EXECUTION4 ---,9 ! MEAN TIME1 T[>DS ! CLOSE ( ! SESSION1 ,MR4 ,BURKE1 ! PR(\NDE/ POLITICIAN1 & ! MO/ ELOQU5T SPEAK] ( ! COMMONS1 PROPOS$ A PLAN ( CONCILIATION1 TO ?AT H\SE1 9 A CONSID]ABLE DEGREE1 SIMIL> TO ?AT ( LORD ,*A?AM4  

 ,BUT ! SEASON ( DELIB]ATION WAS N[ AT AN 5D4 ,! /&>D ( CIVIL W> WAS UNFURL$4 ,BY ! UNACC\NTABLE IGNORANCE & IMPROVID5CE ( \R GOV]NM5T1 ON ! ONE H&1 & ! UNREMITT$ EX]TIONS ( ! ,AM]ICANS1 ON ! O!R2 !Y SAW !MSELVES1 BY ! CLOSE ( ! 5SU+ W9T]1 MA/]S ( ! :OLE CONT95T1 FROM ,NOVA ,SCOTIA1  

 .<#b#d.>  

 NOR?W>D1 TO ,FLORIDA1 ON ! S\?2 &1 TO ! EA/1 !Y W]E ONLY *ECK$1 AFT] A V]Y CRITICAL ESCAPE1 ON \R P>T1- BY ! =TRESS ( ,QUEBEC4 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 ! EXP5SES ( ?IS CAMPAIGN W]E COMPUT$1 TO EXCE$ ?OSE ( ANY1 ! MO/ CELEBRAT$ P]IODS ( ! LA/ W>4-,IT WAS 9 ?IS /AGE1 ?AT ,AM]ICA MADE H] LA/ EF=T T[>DS A TREATY1 BY A V]Y CELEBRAT$ PETITION FROM ! CONT95TAL CONGRESS1 DI/+UI%$ BY ! MOD]ATION ( ITS DEM&S1 & TEEM+ ) EXPRESSIONS ( DUTY1 RESPECT & LOYALTY TO ! K+1 & UNFEIGN$ AFFECTION = ! P>5T /ATE4 ,TO ?IS PETITION IT WAS SIGNIFI$1 BY ! COMM& ( HIS MAJE/Y1 ?AT NO ANSW] W\LD BE GIV54  

 ,GOV]NM5T W]E N[ TAU<T TO UND]/&1 H[ MU* !Y HAD BE5 MI/AK51 RESPECT+ ! /R5G? ( ,AM]ICA4 ,! DISCOV]Y H[EV] DID NOT TURN !IR ?\<TS TO PEACE4 ,9 ! BEG9N+ ( ! FOLL[+ SESSION1 !IR LANGUAGE  

 .<#b#d#a.>  

 9DE$ WAS MORE 9DECISIVE4 ,9 ! C\RSE ( IT1 !IR NOTIONS H>D5$ 9TO =M4 ,! MILD & C&ID E>L ( ,D>TM\? WAS REMOV$ FROM ! ,AM]ICAN DEP>TM5T1 & SUCCE$$ BY ! SEV]E & SATURN9E LORD ,GEORGE ,G]MA9E4 ,TO HIM MO/ ( ! SUBSEQU5T ,AM]ICAN MEASURES HAVE G5]ALLY BE5 ATTRIBUT$4 ,! LANGUAGE ( ADM9I/RATION WAS GRADUALLY SCREW$ UP TO ! HI<E/ PIT*2 & NO T]MS W]E N[ HELD \T1 BUT ?OSE ( UNCONDITIONAL SUBMISSION4 ,?IS L(TY /ILE WAS ACCOMPANI$ ) ! MO/ IMM5SE PREP>ATIONS2 & ! ROMANTIC EXPLOITS ( AN ,ALEX&]1 OR A ,*>LES ! TWELF?1 SEEM$ READY TO BE ACT$ OV] AGA91 UPON %E !AT] ( ! NEW WORLD4  

 ,IT WAS ?IS T]RIFIC CRISIS1 ?AT ! G5]AL CONGRESS ( ,AM]ICA *OSE ADDITIONALLY TO SIGNALIZE1 BY A DECL>ATION ( 9DEP5D5CY4 ,! ROYAL =CES W]E ALREADY HOV]+ OV] ! C5TRAL  

 .<#b#d#b.>  

 PROV9CE ( ,NEW ,YORK4 ,IT IS AN EXAMPLE ( 9TREPIDITY1 NOT TO BE P>ALLEL$ 9 ! ANNALS ( MANK9D4 ,IT WAS LITTLE LIKELY1 ?AT A RESOLUTION1 ?US ANN\NC$1 %\LD EV] BE RETRACT$4 ,9 A WORD1 A NEW ]A WAS PALPABLY FIX$ 9 ! HI/ORY ( ! GLOBE4-,! CAMPAIGN ( #aggf WAS H[EV] /UDD$ OV] ) ! MO/ BRILLIANT SUCCESSES4 ,BUT !Y PROV$1 AS IT USUALLY HAPP5S1 9 SU* FAIRY PROJECTS1 MORE BRILLIANT1 ?AN !Y W]E DURABLE4  

 ,! FOLL[+ SESSION ( P>LIAM5T WAS LESS ACTIVE1 ?AN MO/ ( ! PREC$+4 ,9TOXICAT$1 AS WE W]E1 ) \R TEMPOR>Y SUCCESSES1 OPPOSITION DESPAIR$ ( ANY GOOD CONSEQU5CES1 FROM RESI/+ ! G5]AL VOICE ( AN UNREFLECT+ NATION4 ,! DECL>ATION ( 9DEP5D5CY TOO HAD CREAT$ A NEW SITUATION4 ,& IT IS PROBABLE1 ?AT P>TY HAD NOT YET MADE UP !IR M9D1 RESPECT+ ! PLAN ( CONDUCT1 ?AT MI<T N[ BE REQUISITE4 ,ACCORD+LY1 9FLU5C$ BY ONE1 OR BO?  

 .<#b#d#c.>  

 ( !SE MOTIVES1 ! MAJORITY ( !M1 AFT] A FEW UNSUCCESSFUL EF=TS1 TOOK ! RESOLUTION ( ABS5T+ !MSELVES1 9 ALL DISCUSSIONS1 RELATIVE TO ! PRES5T UNHAPPY CONTE/4  

 ,9 ! MEAN TIME1 AFFAIRS BEGAN TO ASSUME A LESS FAVORABLE APPE>ANCE4 ,! CAMPAIGN HAD 5D$ SOME:AT ABRUPTLY4 ,\R =CES RECEIV$ A *ECK1 DUR+ ! W9T]1 ?AT TURN$ BACK ! TIDE UPON US1 ) IRRESI/IBLE IMPETUOSITY4 ,ALL ,EUROPE HAD BEHELD ! /R5U\S RESI/ANCE ( ,AM]ICA ) PR$ILECTION2 & ! C\RT ( ,FRANCE1 9 P>TICUL>1 WAS SUPPOS$ TO BE BIAS$ 9 H] FAVOR1 AT ONCE1 BY S5TIM5T1 & BY POLICY4 ,! DECL>ATION ( 9DEP5D5CE HAD PROBABLY BE5 MADE1 P>TLY 9 ACCOMMODATION TO H] VIEWS4 ,AT ?IS TIME1 ! CELEBRAT$ ,DR4 ,FRANKL91 ! NURS+ MO!R1 & ! GU>DIAN G5IUS ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 >RIV$ 9 ?AT C\NTRY1 TO PLEAD !IR CAUSE1 ,EV]Y ?+ WAS TO BE RECKON$  

 .<#b#d#d.>  

 UPON1 FROM HIS HO>Y WISDOM1 HIS 9TIMATE KN[L$GE ( MANK9D1 & HIS CONSUMMATE POLITICAL ADDRESS4  

 ,A P]IOD1 LIKE ?IS1 :5 WE W]E NOT UNSUCCESSFUL1 BUT :5 ! =]UNN]S ( MIS=TUNE ?ICK5$ UPON US1 FROM EV]Y SIDE1 BR\<T LORD ,*A?AM AGA9 D[N TO ! H\SE ( LORDS4 ,! SESSION CLOS$ ) HIS PROPOSAL1 = AN ADDRESS TO ! SOV]EIGN1 BESEE*+ HIM1 0TO TAKE ! MO/ SPE$Y & EFFECTUAL MEASURES1 = PUTT+ A /OP TO HO/ILITIES 9 ,AM]ICA1 BY ! REMOVAL ( ACCUMULAT$ GRIEVANCES40 ,UND] ! WORDS1 0ACCUMULAT$ GRIEVANCES10 HIS LORD%IP 9T5D$ TO CONVEY EV]Y ?+1 ?AT HAD PASS$ 9 P>LIAM5T1 RELATIVE TO ,AM]ICA1 S9CE ! YE> #a#g#f#c4 ,?IS1 HE SAID1 W\LD BE ! H]ALD ( PEACE4 ,& HE P>TICUL>LY 9SI/$1 UPON ! IMM$IATE NECESSITY ( ADOPT+ ?IS MEASURE1 FROM ! IMM95T DANG]1 TO :I* WE W]E EXPOS$1 FROM1 :AT NATIONAL  

 .<#b#d#e.>  

 POLITICS HAD TAU<T HIM TO CALL1 0\R NATURAL1 H]$IT>Y & 9VET]ATE 5EMIES0 ( ! H\SE ( ,B\RBON4 ,A FEW WEEKS1 HE ASS]T$1 MI<T DECIDE \R FATE1 AS A NATION4 ,A TREATY1 BETWE5 ,FRANCE & ,AM]ICA1 W\LD BE ?AT F9AL DECISION4 ,AM]ICA WAS CONT5D+ ) US1 UND] A MASK$ BATT]Y ( ,FRANCE1 :I* W\LD 9FALLIBLY OP5 UPON US1 AS SOON1 AS \R WEAKNESS1 & H] PREP>ATIONS W]E SUFFICI5TLY ADVANC$4-,! MOTION WAS REJECT$ BY A L>GE MAJORITY4  

 ,! CAMPAIGN ( #aggg WAS DECISIVE ( ! FATE ( ! W>4-,G5]AL ,BURGOYNE1 9 PURSUANCE ( A PLAN1 :I* WAS E/EEM$ ! FAVORITE *ILD ( ! ,AM]ICAN SECRET>Y1 M>*$ AN >MY FROM ,CANADA1 AGA9/ ! BACK SETTLEM5TS ( ! NOR!RN PROV9CES4 ,SIR ,WILLIAM ,H[E1 ! COMM&] 9 *IEF AT ,NEW ,YORK1 OP5$ ! CAMPAIGN1 ON ?AT SIDE1 BY AN UNSUCCESSFUL EF=T1 TO DISLODGE ! MA9 >MY ( ! /ATES4 ,9 !SE  

 .<#b#d#f.>  

 PROCE$+S1 ! FIR/ P>T ( ! SUMM] WAS CONSUM$4 ,! AUTUMN WAS MORE BUSY & ACTIVE4 ,G5]AL ,BURGOYNE1 BY ! IMPRACTICABLE NATURE ( ! C\NTRY1 ?R\< :I* HE WAS TO PASS2 & BY ! NOR!RN MILITIA1 :I* 9CESSANTLY H>ASS$ HIM 9 HIS M>*1 WAS R$UC$1 TO SURR5D] HIS :OLE >MY PRISON]S ( W>4 ,SIR ,WILLIAM ,H[E1 AFT] A T$I\S VOYAGE1 FROM ,NEW ,YORK1 UP ! ,*ESAPEAK1 AT L5G?1 ADVANC$1 BY ?AT R\TE1 AGA9/ ! C5TRAL PO/ ( ,PHILADELPHIA4 ,! PROCE$+S ( ! >MY1 9 ?IS SITUATION1 P>TOOK ( ! BRILLIANCY ( ! =M] CAMPAIGN2 BUT ?AT BRILLIANCY NO LONG] DECEIV$ ANYBODY3  

 ,! NEWS ( !SE LATT] EV5TS HAD NOT YET REA*$ ,5GL&1 :5 ! P>LIAM5T MET4 ,! DISA/] ( ! NOR!RN =CE BEGAN 9DE$ TO BE G5]ALLY CONJECTUR$4 ,! SUP]IORITY ( ! ,BRITI% 9 ,P5NSYLVANIA1 WAS LESS CLE>LY =ESE54 ,! 9V9CIBLE P>TIALITY (  

 .<#b#d#g.>  

 ,FRANCE1 TO ! REVOLT$ COLONIES1 =M$ A PR9CIPAL OBJECT ( ! PUBLIC ATT5TION4 ,! NAVAL PREP>ATIONS1 ?AT W]E C>RI$ ON1 9 H] PORTS1 W]E1 TO ! LA/ DEGREE AL>M+4 ,! CABALS 9 ?AT C\RT1 SEEM$ DAILY RIP5+ T[>DS DECISION4 ,NEV] WAS !RE A SESSION ( P>LIAM5T1 MORE TEEM+ ) IMPORTANT EV5TS1 ?AN ! PRES5T4  

 .<#b#d#h.>  

 ,*APT] ,I,X  

 ,F\R? SESSION ( ! ?IRD P>LIAM5T ( ,GEORGE ! ?IRD4 -- ,ADDRESS TO ! ?RONE4 -- ,9QUIRY 9TO ! /ATE ( ! NATION4  --  ,TRANSACTION ) LORD ,BUTE4  -- ,LORD ,NOR?'S CONCILIATORY BILLS4 -- ,TREATY BETWE5 ,FRANCE & ,AM]ICA AV[$4 -- ,DEBATE CONC]N+ ! 9DEP5D5CY ( ,AM]ICA4 -- ,DEA?4 -- ,& *>ACT] ( LORD ,*A?AM4  

 ,! SITUATION ( HIS C\NTRY1 :I* HAD = SOME YE>S BE5 GR[+ MORE & MORE CRITICAL1 & N[ SEEM$ FA/ V]G+ TO IT'S ACME1 R\S$ LORD ,*A?AM TO BE/[ HIS :OLE ATT5TION1 UPON ! AFFAIRS ( ! PUBLIC4 ,CURB$ BY1 :AT WAS E/EEM$1 ! IRRESI/IBLE =CE ( DISEASE1 HE HAD1 ( LATE1 APPE>$ R>ELY UPON ! PUBLIC !AT]2 & RES]V$  

 .<#b#d#i.>  

HIMSELF = S+UL> & DI/ANT OCCASIONS4 ,AT ?IS TIME1 HE %OOK (F ! FETT]S ( HIS DE/9Y4 ,HE GRAPPL$ ) ! *ILL+ P[]S ( HO>Y AGE1 & SET MORTALITY ITSELF AT DEFIANCE4 ,HE /RIPP$ ! SL\< ( WR9KL$ YE>S1 & BUR/ =? ) ALL ! VIGOR & ACTIVITY ( SPRITELY Y\?4 ,HE CAME D[N CONT9UALLY TO ! H\SE ( LORDS1 RESOLV$ TO SP5D HIS LA/ BREA?1 9 P\R+ ! W>N+ VOICE ( ANXI\S G5]OSITY1 & 9EXT+UI%ABLE PATRIOTISM1 9 ! E>S ( HIS C\NTRY4  

 ,ON ! FIR/ DAY ( ! SESSION1 HE MOV$ AN AM5DM5T1 TO ! ADDRESS TO ! ?RONE1 RECOMM5D+ AN IMM$IATE CESSATION ( HO/ILITIES1 AS PRELIM9>Y TO A TREATY ( PEACE4 ,NEV] WAS HE MORE ANIMAT$ ?AN UPON ?IS OCCASION4 ,?\< BORNE D[N ) ! WEI<T ( YE>S1 HIS SPEE* AF=D$ NO EQUIVOCAL SPECIM5 ( :AT HAD BE5 HIS Y\?FUL P[]S4 -- ,9 ! FIR/ P>T ( ! ADDRESS1 HE SAID1 HE %\LD HE>TILY CONCUR4 ,NO MAN1  

 .<#b#e.>  

REJOIC$ MORE S9C]ELY1 ?AN HE DID1 UPON AN ADDITION TO ! ROYAL FAMILY1 & ! SAFE RECOV]Y ( ! QUE54 ,BUT HE MU/ /OP H]E4 ,HIS C\RTLY COMPLAISANCE W\LD C>RY HIM NO F>!R4 ,HE C\LD NOT JO9 9 CONGRATULATION UPON MIS=TUNE & DISGRACE4 ,IT WAS A P]IL\S & TREM5D\S MOM5T1 & NOT A TIME = ADULATION4 ,IT WAS NECESS>Y1 TO DISPELL ! DELUSION & D>KNESS1 :I* 5VELOP$ ! ?RONE2 & TO DISPLAY 9 IT'S FULL DANG]1 & IT'S NATIVE COLORS1 ! RU91 ?AT WAS BR\<T TO \R DOORS4 0,?IS1 MY LORDS10 SAID HE1 0IS \R DUTY4 ,WE SIT H]E1 ! H]$IT>Y C\NCIL ( ! NATION40  

 0,& :O IS ! M9I/]1 :]E IS ! M9I/]1 ?AT HAS D>$ TO SUGGE/ TO ! ?RONE1 ! CONTR>Y1 UNCON/ITUTIONAL LANGUAGE1 ?IS DAY1 DELIV]$ FROM IT8 ,! ACCU/OM$ LANGUAGE1 FROM ! ?RONE1 HAS BE51 AN APPLICATION = ADVICE3 AS IT IS ! RI<T (  

 .<#b#e#a.>  

P>LIAM5T TO GIVE1 SO IT IS ! DUTY ( ! CR[N TO ASK IT4 ,BUT1 ON ?IS DAY1 AT ?IS AWFUL MOM5T1 ! CR[N1 FROM ITSELF1 & BY ITSELF1 DECL>ES AN UNALT]ABLE DET]M9ATION1 TO PURSUE MEASURES --& :AT MEASURES1 MY LORDS8 -- ! MEASURES1 :I* HAVE ALREADY R$UC$ ?IS LATE FL\RI%+ EMPIRE1 TO RU9 & CONTEMPT4  ,BUT YE/]DAY1 & ,5GL& MI<T HAVE /OOD AGA9/ ! WORLD2 N[ NONE SO POOR1 TO DO H] REV]5CE4 ,I USE ! WORDS ( A POET2 BUT1 ?\< IT BE POETRY1 IT IS NO FICTION4 ,& CAN ! M9I/] ( ! DAY1 N[ EXPECT A CONT9UANCE ( SUPPORT1 9 ?IS RU9\S 9FATUATION8 ,CAN P>LIAM5T BE SO DEAD TO IT'S DIGNITY & IT'S DUTY1 AS TO BE ?US DELUD$1 9TO ! LOSS ( ! ONE1 & ! VIOLATION ( ! O!R80  

 ,HIS LORD%IP !N DREW AN AFFECT+ PICTURE ( \R WEAKNESS AT HOME1 & \R SITUATION1 ) RESPECT TO =EIGN P[]S2  

 .<#b#e#b.>  

! 9SULTS1 WE W]E COMPELL$ TO POCKET1 & ! EVASIONS1 AT :I* WE W]E =C$ TO CONNIVE4 ,HE BLAM$ ! CONDUCT ( ! W>4 ,HE CONDEMN$ ! EMPLOY+ =EIGN M]C5>IES AGA9/ \R BRE?R54 ,HE REPROBAT$1 9 ! MO/ GL[+ COLORS1 ! ASSOCIAT+ ! SAVAGE ,9DIANS TO \R /&>D4-,! 9DEP5D5T VIEWS ( ,AM]ICA W]E /AT$1 AS ! F\NDATION ( \R PROCE$+S4 ,NO MAN1 HE SAID1 WI%$ MORE1 = ! DUE DEP5D5CE ( ,AM]ICA UPON ?IS C\NTRY1 ?AN HIMSELF4 ,BUT HE PLEAD$ = \R GRANT+ H] ! P>TICIPATION ( \R RI<TS4 ,9 A JU/ & HONORABLE QU>REL1 HE SAID1 HE W\LD P>T ) ! %IRT (F HIS BACK1 TO SUPPORT ! CONTE/4 ,BUT1 9 ! PRES5T IGNOM9I\S DISPUTE1 HE W\LD NOT CONTRIBUTE NO1 NOT A %ILL+4  

 ,HE W>N$ !M1 ?AT ! PRES5T MOM5T WAS P]HAPS ! LA/1 9 :I* WE C\LD HOPE = SUCCESS 9 !SE VIEWS4 ,9 H] NEGOCIATIONS ) ,FRANCE1 HE SAID1 

 .<#b#e#c.>  

,AM]ICA HAD1 OR ?\<T %E HAD REASON TO COMPLA94 ,IT WAS NOTORI\S1 ?AT %E HAD RECEIV$1 FROM ?AT P[]1 IMPORTANT SUPPLIES & ASSI/ANCE1 ( V>I\S K9DS4 ,BUT IT WAS C]TA91 ?AT %E EXPECT$ SOME?+ MORE IMM$IATE & DECISIVE4 ,%E WAS N[ 9 ILL HUMOR4 ,AM]ICA & ,FRANCE1 HE SAID1 C\LD NOT BE CONG5IAL4 ,!RE WAS SOME?+ CONFIRM$ & DECISIVE 9 ! HONE/ ,AM]ICAN1 ?AT W\LD NOT ASSIMILATE TO ! FUTILITY & LEVITY ( ,FR5*M54  

 ,HE ASK$1 9 ?IS COMPLICAT$ CRISIS ( WEAKNESS AT HOME1 & CALAMITY ABROAD2 T]RIFI$ & 9SULT$ BY ! NEI<BOR+ P[]S2 UNABLE TO ACT 9 ,AM]ICA1 OR ACT+1 ONLY TO BE DE/ROY$3 :]E WAS ! MAN1 ) ! =EHEAD1 TO PROMISE1 OR HOPE = SUCCESS8 0,Y\ CANNOT CONCILIATE ,AM]ICA BY Y\R PRES5T MEASURES4 ,Y\ CANNOT SUBDUE H] BY Y\R PRES5T1 OR ANY MEASURES4 ,:AT !N CAN Y\ DO8 ,Y\ CANNOT CONQU]1 

 .<#b#e#d.>  

0Y\ CANNOT GA92 BUT Y\ CAN ADDRESS4 ,Y\ CAN LULL ! FE>S & ANXIETIES ( ! MOM5T1 9TO AN IGNORANCE ( ! DANG]1 ?AT %\LD PRODUCE !M40  

 ,! SEASON WAS LONG PA/1 S9CE ! =TUNE ( ,EUROPE SEEM$1 TO HANG UPON ! VOICE ( ?IS ILLU/RI\S P]SONAGE2 & HE APPE>$ ! >BIT] ( PEACE & W> TO MANK9D4 ,HIS EM95T S]VICES C\LD NOT COMM& RESPECT4 ,NEI!R HIS HO>Y AGE1 NOR ! DIS9T]E/$ PATRIOTISM1 BY :I* HE WAS DI/+UI%$1 C\LD COMPEL V5]ATION4 ,IT SEEM$ TO HAVE BECOME FA%IONABLE1 AMONG ! C\RT LORDS1 NOT ONLY TO TREAT HIS ADVICES1 ) AN AFFECT$ 9DIFF]5CE2 BUT EV5 TO ?W>T & OV]BE> HIM UPON SMALL] MATT]S1 9 A WAY1 ?AT1 AT LEA/1 M]IT$ ! APPELLATIONS ( CAPTI\SNESS & PETULANCE4 ,:AT P>TY WAS EV5TUALLY DISGRAC$1 BY ?IS CONDUCT1 ,I %ALL LEAVE IT TO MY READ] TO DET]M9E4  

 .<#b#e#e.>  

 ,9 CONSEQU5CE ( ?IS DISPOSITION1 LORD ,*A?AM'S SPEE*1 AT ! OP5+ ( ! SESSION1 9VOLV$ HIM 9 TWO %>P CONTE/S4 ,9 /AT+ \R 9T]NAL DEBILITY1 HE HAD ASS]T$1 ?AT WE HAD SC>CELY TW5TY %IPS ( ! L9E1 READY TO PUT TO SEA4 ,! POSITION WAS W>MLY CONTROV]T$1 BY ! E>L ( ,S&WI*1 AT ?AT TIME1 FIR/ LORD ( ! ADMIRALTY4 ,?IS NOBLEMAN WAS A MAN ( GAY MANN]S1 & A LIVELY WIT2 AN ATTRACTIVE COMPANION1 & A /EADY FRI5D4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 HIS PR9CIPLES W]E1 9 ! UTMO/ DEGREE1 RELAX$ & DISSOLUTE4 ,ONE ( HIS FAVORITE MAXIMS SEEMS TO HAVE BE51 ! LAUDABL5ESS ( DECEIV+ ?OSE1 ) :OSE AFFAIRS HE WAS 5TRU/$1 :5 HE HAD ANY VALUABLE 5D 9 VIEW4 ,AT ?IS TIME1 HE TOLD ! H\SE1 ?AT HE %\LD E/EEM 0?AT FIR/ LORD ( ! ADMIRALTY1 WOR?Y TO LOSE HIS HEAD1 :O DID NOT CON/ANTLY MA9TA9 A FLEET1 ?AT %\LD BE ABLE TO FACE ! UNIT$ H\SE ( ,B\RBON40 ,= HIS [N P>T1 HE WAS HAPPY TO  

 .<#b#e#f.>  

9=M !M1 ?AT WE HAD N[ ?IRTYFIVE %IPS ( ! L9E1 READY = SEA1 & SEV5 MORE1 ?AT W\LD BE READY 9 A =TNI<T4 ,UN=TUNATELY H[EV]1 LORD ,*A?AM'S ASS]TION SEEM$ TO GA9 MORE CR$IT1 EV5 AT ! TIME1 ?AN LORD ,S&WI*'S4 ,AFT] :AT HAS BE5 SAID1 IT IS ALMO/ SUP]FLU\S TO M5TION1 ?AT ! ADMIRAL1 :O WAS APPO9T$2 TO COMM& ?IS BOA/$ FLEET1 F\ND ONLY SIX %IPS READY1 9 ! FOLL[+ ,M>*2 &1 BY ! MO/ /R5U\S EX]TIONS1 WAS 5ABL$ TO SAIL ) TW5TY1 9 ,JUNE1 AGA9/ ?IRTY TWO1 ?AT LAY 9 ,BRE/ H>BOR4  

 ,! O!R DISPUTE WAS C>RI$ ON ) MORE ACRIMONY4 ,A NOBLE LORD 9 (FICE HAD UND]TAK51 TO ANSW] ! PR9CIPAL HEADS ( LORD ,*A?AM'S SPEE*2 &1 9 DEF5SE ( ! MEASURE ( EMPLOY+ ! SAVAGES1 HE SAID1 HE WAS CLE>LY ( OP9ION1 ?AT WE W]E FULLY JU/IFI$1 9 US+ EV]Y MEANS1 0?AT ,GOD & NATURE HAD PUT 9TO \R H&S1 TO CRU% REBELLION40  

 .<#b#e#g.>  

 .<#c#b.>  

 ,! ,5,D  

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #a<b 3 ,! ,HI/ORY ( ! ,LIFE ( ,WILLIAM ,PITT1 ,E>L ( ,*A?AM -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#g1 #bag 3 ,! ,HI/ORY ( ! ,LIFE ( ,WILLIAM ,PITT1 ,E>L ( ,*A?AM -- ,ADD$4 
,DECEMB] #c1 #bba 3 ,! ,HI/ORY ( ! ,LIFE ( ,WILLIAM ,PITT1 ,E>L ( ,*A?AM -- ,UPDAT$4 

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