,! ,9EVITABLE ,REVOLUTION 

#aii 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,LEO ,TOL/OY 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PA9T+ ( ,TOL/OY BY ,LEONID ,PA/]NAK4 ,9,T,R,O,D,U,C,T,I,O,N 

,RONALD ,SAMPSON 

,LEO ,TOL/OY DI$ 9 #a#i#a4 ,HIS FAME WAS WORLDWIDE & 9 HIS [N LIFE-TIME UNIQUE4 ,HE WAS KN[N AS ! AU?OR ( ,W> & ,PEACE1 ,ANNA ,K>59A1 ,RESURRECTION & A VA/ \TPUT ( TALES1 PLAYS1 ESSAYS1 BOOKS1 LETT]S4 ,HE WAS KN[N AS ONE :O HAD NEV] FE>$ TO 9CUR ! WRA? ( BO? ,*UR* & ,/ATE BY UND]M9+ !IR !OLOGICAL & POLITICAL JU/IFICATIONS & BY EXPOS+ 9JU/ICE4 ,HE WAS KN[N = ! S9C]ITY ) :I* HE TRI$ TO R5\NCE RI*ES & POSSESSIONS & TO E>N HIS BREAD BY HIS [N SWEAT RA!R ?AN BY ! ROYALTIES HE R5\NC$4 ,ABOVE ALL1 P]HAPS1 HE WAS REV]$ = ! QUALITY ( HIS PROSE & ! T[]+ MORAL /R5G? IT REPRES5T$4 0,:5 ,TOL/OY DIES10 SAID ,*EKHOV1 0EV]Y?+ WILL GO TO POT40 ,IT WAS A SPONTANE\S TRIBUTE TO ! EXT5T TO :I* ,TOL/OY BY HIS EXAMPLE & BY HIS P5 MOV$ & 9SPIR$ PEOPLE & SU/A9$ !IR HOPES 9 EV]Y P>T ( ! GLOBE4 ,WELL1 ?+S HAVE GONE TO POT ALRI<T4 ,*EKHOV'S PR$ICTION TURN$ \T TO BE ! UND]-/ATEM5T ( ?IS C5TURY4 

,& ,TOL/OY8 ,H[ DOES HE /& ) US8 ,H[ DO WE REACT TO ! MAN :O PR$ICT$ & W>N$ ) SU* PASSION1 ) SU* MOV+ ELOQU5CE & ) SU* UN]R+ DIAGNO/IC SKILL8 ,IT IS TRUE TO SAY ?AT HIS FAME AS AN >TI/1 AS A TELL] ( TALES IS EV5 GREAT] ?AN IT WAS 9 HIS [N LIFE-TIME4 ,YET1 AS ?9K]1 PHILOSOPH] & TEA*]1 IT IS NO LESS TRUE TO SAY ?AT :5 HE IS NOT G5]ALLY IGNOR$1 HE IS MORE (T5 ?AN NOT DISP>AG$1 D]ID$1 MISCON/RU$ & TWI/$ 9TO SOME?+ DIFF]5T4 ,SU* MA/]PIECES AS ,! ,K+DOM ( ,GOD ,IS ,)9 ,Y\ & ,:AT ,!N ,MU/ ,WE ,DO8 >E1 IT IS TRUE1 /ILL AVAILABLE ?R\< ! ,WORLD'S ,CLASSICS1 BUT ! ,OX=D ,UNIV]SITY ,PRESS IS PROBABLY UNIQUE 9 ,EUROPE 9 MAK+ !M AVAILABLE4 ,H[ >E WE TO ACC\NT = ?IS P>ADOX8 

,IT IS BECAUSE ,TOL/OY RADICALLY *ALL5GES ! BASIC ASSUMPTIONS ON :I* \R 5TIRE CULTURE RE/S1 & EXPOSES AS NO O!R WRIT] DOES \R EQUIVOCATIONS & EVASIONS 9 ! PRES5CE ( A REMORSELESS LOGIC4 ,! V]Y WAY 9 :I* ,TOL/OY IS IGNOR$ & SUPPRESS$ IS ITSELF AN EXPOSURE & 9DICTM5T ( \R FAILURE TO PRACTICE \R MU* VAUNT$ LIB]ALISM 9 UPHOLD+ OP5 DEBATE & FRE$OM ( ?\<T4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT ,TOL/OY'S PACIFISM HAS MADE A V]Y WIDE IMPRESSION ON ! ?9K+ PUBLIC1 BUT ?IS IS G5]ALLY DISMISS$ AS CRANKY S5TIM5TALISM OR AT BE/ IMPRACTICAL IDEALISM4 ,MOREOV]1 PACIFI/S !MSELVES HAVE AS A RULE BE5 G5U9ELY APPALL$ :5 !Y F9ALLY REALIZ$ ?AT ,TOL/OY REALLY DID MEAN :AT HE SAID & MEANT BUS9ESS :5 HE SAID ?AT ALL VIOL5CE1 ABSOLUTELY ALL =CE WAS WRONG4 ,?IS TURNS ! CONV5TIONAL DISCUSSION ( \R EV] GR[+ PROBLEMS UPSIDE D[N4 ,= ALL HUMANIT>IANS HAVE T5D$ TO SAY3 W>1 RACIAL DISCRIM9ATION1 OPPRESSION ( WORK]S1 ( WOM51 ( *ILDR51 ( BEA/S1 >E GREAT EVILS1 !RE=E WE MU/ ORGANIZE TO GET ! P[] TO REM$Y !SE EVILS4 ,TO :I* ,TOL/OY REPLIES3 P[]1 :E!R IT BE DEMOCRATIC1 P>LIAM5T>Y OR AUTOCRATIC IS P[] ONLY IF IT IS CAPABLE 9 ! LA/ RESORT ( BE+ 5=C$ BY VIOL5CE4 

,IT IS ! UNIV]SAL FAI? 9 ?IS ME?OD ( PROC$URE ?AT IS ! PECULI> HALLM>K ( ! EXI/+ CULTURE--A CULTURE RE/+ ON & %AP$ BY ! RELIGI\S BELIEF :I* ASS]TS ! NECESSITY & LEGITIMACY ( VIOL5CE TO MA9TA9 M9IMUM UNITY & ORD] IF NOT ACTUALLY TO IMPOSE ! WILL ( ! RI<TE\S ON ! UNRI<TE\S4 ,?IS RELIGI\S BELIEF IS QUITE FALSE & IS !RE=E ! ROOT CAUSE ( ALL MAN-MADE SUFF]+1 ALL EVIL4 ,! TRUE BELIEF IS ?AT WE >E NEV] JU/IFI$ 9 RESORT+ TO VIOL5CE4 ,( C\RSE1 ?IS BELIEF >\SES 9 US /RONG FE>S4 ,SO1 SAYS ,TOL/OY1 9/EAD ( PUTT+ ALL \R 5]GIES 9TO DEVIS+ NEW POLICIES1 NEW POLITICAL P>TIES1 NEW LEGISLATION TO REM$Y PROBLEMS :I* !Y NEV] DO REM$Y BUT ONLY AGGRAVATE1 LET US DIRECT \R 5]GIES 9TO OV]COM+ \R FE>S ( HOLD+ TO ! TRUE RELIGI\S BELIEF 9 ! LAW ( NONVIOL5CE OR LOVE1 & WE WILL F9D ?AT \R COLLECTIVE1 SEEM+LY 9SOLUBLE1 EV] GR[+ PROBLEMS WILL = ! FIR/ TIME BEG9 TO DIM9I%4 

,! ESSAY :I* FOLL[S WAS WRITT5 9 ! LA/ FULL YE> ( ,TOL/OY'S LIFE :5 HE WAS #ha YE>S OLD1 YET IT IS WRITT5 ) ! UNDIMM$ LUCIDITY & RIGOR\S COG5CY :I* GO TO MAKE UP ! UNIQU5ESS ( HIS ,RUSSIAN PROSE4 ,TOL/OY IS R5[N$ = ! SEV]ITY ( HIS SELF-CRITICISM & 9 P>TICUL> ( HIS [N WRIT+S4 ,YET1 SPEAK+ TO A FRI5D :O WAS READ+ ! MANUSCRIPT ( ,! ,9EVITABLE ,REVOLUTION1 HE SAID3 0,IT IS A GOOD BOOK1 EV5 ?\< ,I WROTE IT MYSELF40 ,SO IT IS1 YET 9 SIXTY-FIVE YE>S NO ONE HAS EV] BO!R$ EV5 TO TRANSLATE IT4 ,IT IS UND]/&ABLE ?AT PEOPLE %\LD REACT ) %OCK OR REJECT SOME?+ AT V>IANCE ) EV]Y?+ ?AT !Y HAVE BE5 TAU<T4 ,BUT NOT TO BE WILL+ EV5 TO CONSID] ,TOL/OY'S >GUM5TS SUGGE/S AT LEA/ ?AT WE LACK CONFID5CE 9 ! RATIONAL BASIS ( \R CULTURE4 ,WE SIMPLY CANNOT AF=D TO GO ON IGNOR+ ,TOL/OY'S MESSAGE4 

 ,=,E,W,O,R,D 

,I KN[ ?AT V]Y MANY PEOPLE1 P>TICUL>LY AMONG ?OSE :O >E CALL$ $UCAT$1 WILL GLANCE AT ?IS WRIT+ ( M9E &1 UND]/&+ :AT ! QUE/ION IS AB\T1 WILL SIMPLY %RUG !IR %\LD]S1 SMILE CONTEMPTU\SLY & CEASE TO READ FUR!R4 ,/ILL ! OLD 0NONRESI/ANCE10 !Y WILL SAY1 H[ IS IT ?AT HE DOESN'T WE>Y ( IT8 

,I KN[ ?AT ?IS WILL BE SO1 FIR/LY1 = PEOPLE1 CALL$ LE>N$1 :O KN[ ?AT !Y >E NOT 9 AGREEM5T ) :AT ,I SAY2 & SECONDLY1 = PEOPLE :O >E TO BE F\ND >D5TLY PURSU+ GOV]NM5TAL OR REVOLUTION>Y ACTIVITIES1 = :OM ?IS WRIT+ ( M9E WILL PRES5T A DILEMMA3 TO ACKN[L$GE AS NONS5SICAL EI!R ALL ?AT !Y >E DO+ & HAVE BE5 DO+ = YE>S & = ! SAKE ( :I* !Y HAVE SACRIFIC$ SO MU*1 OR ?AT :I* ,I SAY4 ,?IS WILL BE SO = MANY SO-CALL$ $UCAT$ PEOPLE1 :O 9 ! MO/ IMPORTANT QUE/IONS ( LIFE >E ACCU/OM$ NOT TO ?9K+ = !MSELVES & WORK+ \T !IR [N OP9IONS1 BUT TO PR(ESS+ ! CRE$ ( ! SURR\ND+ MAJORITY1 5GAG$ 9 JU/IFY+ !IR SITUATION4 ,BUT ,I KN[ ?AT ALL PEOPLE :O ?9K = !MSELVES & ALSO ! MAJORITY ( WORK+ PEOPLE1 :O HAVE NOT BE5 P]V]T$ BY ! PIL+ UP ( EMPTY1 FALSE KN[L$GE1 :I* IS CALL$ 9 \R TIME SCI5TIFIC1 WILL BE ) ME4 ,I KN[ ?IS BECAUSE 9 \R TIME = PEOPLE ( 9DEP5D5T ?\<T AS = ! VA/ MAJORITY ( WORK+ FOLK1 ! FOOLI%NESS & IMMORALITY PRODUCTIVE ( UNNECESS>Y SUFF]+ = !M !MSELVES BECOME MORE & MORE APP>5T ) EV]Y DAY4 ,!SE & O!RS1 ALREADY 9 \R TIME1 CANNOT BUT ACKN[L$GE 9 ! 5D ?IS TRU?1 SIMPLE & N[ %>P CLE> TO ! EYE1 ?AT = ! BETT]M5T ( LIFE ONE ?+ ONLY IS NECESS>Y1 TO /OP DO+ ?AT :I* CAUSES ?IS SUFF]+4 

,I 

,IT W\LD SEEM ?AT ?OSE EXT]NAL CONDITIONS 9 :I* MAN F9DS HIMSELF 9 \R TIME \<T TO HAVE L$ HIM TO ! HI<E/ PIT* ( HAPP9ESS4 ,L&1 SUITABLE = CULTIVATION & ACCESSIBLE TO PEOPLE1 IS SO PL5TIFUL ?AT ALL M5 C\LD1 ) A SURPLUS LEFT OV]1 USE IT = A PROSP]\S LIFE = EV]YONE4 ,MEANS ( COMMUNICAT+ ?\<T & MEANS ( TRANSPORT 7PR9T+1 PO/S & TELEGRAPH1 RAILWAYS1 /EAM & ELECTRIC 5G9ES1 AIRPLANES & SO =?71 !SE >E ! MEANS TO :AT IS MO/ CONDUCIVE TO HUMAN WELL-BE+1 ! MEANS TO UNITY1 LEAD+ TO A HI< DEGREE ( P]FECTIBILITY4 ,MEANS ( /RUGGLE ) NATURE1 LI<T5+ ! BURD5 ( LABOR1 HAVE BE5 9V5T$ TO SU* AN EXT5T ?AT IT W\LD APPE> ?AT EV]YBODY W\LD BE ABLE TO SATISFY !IR NE$S FULLY )\T ! H>D%IP ( LABOR DEPRIV+ !M ( LEISURE & RU9+ !IR HEAL?4 ,EV]Y?+ EXI/S TO 9CREASE ! WELL-BE+ ( PEOPLE1 BUT 9/EAD ( ?IS ! PEOPLE ( \R TIME SUFF]1 >E TORM5T$ 9 BODY & S\L AS !Y HAVE NEV] 9 PREVI\S TIMES SUFF]$ & BE5 TORM5T$1 & !SE SUFF]+S & TORM5TS GR[ ) EV]Y YE>4 

,IT WILL BE SAID ?AT SUFF]+ ALWAYS *>ACT]IZES ! LIFE ( M54 ,YES1 SUFF]+ IS *>ACT]I/IC1 BUT NOT ?OSE =MS ( SUFF]+ :I* ! PEOPLE ( \R TIME >E N[ SUFF]+4 ,EXT]NAL SUFF]+S >E *>ACT]I/IC ( HUMAN LIFE1 EV]Y K9D ( ILLNESS1 FLOODS1 FIRES1 E>?QUAKES1 DR\<TS >E ALSO *>ACT]I/IC1 & ! P]IODIC SUFF]+S FROM 9T]MITT5T W>S OR ! CRUELTIES ( SOME RUL]S1 BUT NOT ?OSE SUFF]+S :I* EV]YONE N[ 5DURES )\T CEASE4 ,EV]YONE SUFF]S N[3 BO? ?OSE :O WIELD P[] BY DIRECT =CE OR WEAL?1 & ?OSE :O ) CONT9U+ HATR$ 5DURE !IR DEP5D5CE ON ! P[]FUL & WEAL?Y4 ,& !Y ALL SUFF] N[ NOT FROM EXT]NAL CAUSES1 NOT FROM E>?QUAKES & FLOODS1 NOT FROM ,N]OS1 ,IVAN ,I,VS1 ,G5<IS ,KHANS & SO ON1 BUT SUFF] FROM ONE ANO!R1 SUFF] AS A RESULT ( EV]YONE BE+ DIVID$ 9TO TWO HO/ILE1 MUTUALLY DETE/+ CAMPS3 ! ONES SUFF] FROM DEP5D5CE ON & HATR$ ( ?OSE :O RULE OV] !M1 ! O!RS SUFF] FROM FE> & FEEL+S ( CONTEMPT & ILL WILL T[>DS ?OSE OV] :OM !Y RULE1 & O!RS AGA9 FROM CONSCI\SNESS ( ! PREC>I\SNESS ( !IR SITUATION1 FROM ?OSE 5DLESS UTMO/ CRUELTIES :I* >E 5G5D]$ & ]UPT FROM TIME TO TIME1 BUT )\T EV] /OPP+ ! SMOLD]+ CONFLICT BETWE5 ! TWO MUTUALLY DETE/+ CAMPS4 

,!Y SUFF] ESPECIALLY CRUELLY MA9LY BECAUSE BO? !Y & ! O!RS 9 ! DEP? ( !IR S\LS KN[ ?AT ! CAUSE ( !IR SUFF]+ IS 9 !M !MSELVES1 ?AT IT \<T TO HAVE BE5 POSSIBLE TO FREE !MSELVES FROM ?OSE SUFF]+S 9FLICT$ ON !M BY !MSELVES1 BUT IT APPE>S TO ! ONE & ! O!R ?AT !Y CANNOT DO ?IS1 ?AT IT IS NOT !Y :O >E GUILTY BUT !IR 5EMIES1 & AS !Y ATTACK ONE ANO!R ) GREAT ANIMOSITY SO DO !Y MORE & MORE AGGRAVATE !IR SITUATION4 

,SO ! CAUSE ( ! DISA/R\S SITUATION 9 :I* MANK9D N[ F9DS ITSELF IS A CAUSE ABSOLUTELY P>TICUL> TO1 EXCLUSIVE TO1 *>ACT]I/IC ( \R TIME ALONE4 

 ,I,I 

,FROM ! E>LIE/ KN[N TIMES ( M5'S COLLECTIVE LIFE1 WE KN[ ?AT M5 HAVE ALWAYS UNIT$ ) ONE ANO!R1 ?R\< !IR FAMILY1 TRIBAL1 EX*ANGE1 COMM]CIAL TIES1 & /ILL MORE BY ! SUBJECTION ( ! MANY TO ONE OR SEV]AL RUL]S4 ,SU* SUBJECTION ( ! ONES TO ! O!RS1 ( ! MAJORITY TO ! M9ORITY1 WAS SO COMMON TO ALL PEOPLES & EXI/$ = SU* A LONG TIME ?AT EV]YONE1 BO? ?OSE :O RUL$ OV] ! MANY & ?OSE :O W]E 9 SUBJECTION TO !M1 CONSID]$ SU* AN >RANGEM5T ( LIFE 9EVITABLE1 NATURAL & ! ONLY ONE POSSIBLE = ! COLLECTIVE LIFE ( M54 ,! RUL]S CONSID]$ ?AT BE+ DE/9$ BY ,GOD HIMSELF TO RULE OV] ! PEOPLES1 !Y HAD AN OBLIGATION TO TRY TO ! BE/ ( !IR ABILITIES TO USE !IR P[] = A TRANQUIL1 PEACEFUL & HAPPY LIFE = !IR SUBJECTS4 ,& ?IS WAS VOIC$ MANY TIMES 9 ALL ! TEA*+S ( SAGES & ALSO 9 ! RELIGI\S TEA*+S ( ! MO/ ANCI5T & NUM]\S SECTIONS ( MANK9D3 9 ,TAO-,TEH-,K+ & ! LAWS ( ,MANU4 ,! SUBJECTS TOO1 CONSID]$ SU* AN >RANGEM5T ( LIFE =EORDA9$ ( ,GOD1 9EVITABLE1 & !RE=E OB$I5TLY SUBJECT$ !MSELVES TO ! P[]1 & SUPPORT$ IT = ! POSSIBILITY ( ! MAXIMUM 5JOYM5T ( FRE$OM 9 RELATION ) ?OSE :O LIKE !MSELVES W]E DEP5D5T SUBJECTS4 ,9 SU* WISE WAS ?IS >RANGEM5T ( LIFE BAS$ ON VIOL5CE4 ,& SO MANK9D LIV$ = C5TURIES4 ,IT WAS SO 9 ,9DIA & 9 ,*9A2 IT WAS SO 9 ,GREECE & ,ROME & 9 M$IEVAL ,EUROPE2 & H[EV] REPUGNANT TO ! CONSCI\SNESS ( MANK9D 9 \R TIME1 SO IT CONT9UES TO BE = ! MAJORITY ( M5 N[ TOO4 ,BO? 9 ,EUROPE & 9 ! ,EA/1 M5 HAVE = C5TURIES LIV$ AS SUBJECTS & RUL]S1 & !Y CONT9UE TO LIVE N[1 NOT ADMITT+ = ! MAJORITY ANY POSSIBILITY ( ANY MEANS ( UNITY :ATEV] O!R ?AN VIOL5CE4 ,NEV]!LESS1 9 ALL ! RELIGI\S TEA*+S ( ! ANCI5T WORLD3 9 ,BRAHM9ISM1 9 ,BUDDHISM1 9 ,TAOISM1 9 ,CONFUCIANISM1 & ALSO 9 ! TEA*+S ( ! ,GREEK & ,ROMAN SAGES1 SIDE BY SIDE ) ! MA9T5ANCE ( ! P[] ( ?OSE RUL+ BY VIOL5CE1 !RE WAS ALWAYS EXPRESS$ FROM DIFF]5T SIDES YET ANO!R TEA*+1 NAMELY ?AT ! LOVE ( M5 = ONE ANO!R IS ! BE/ MEANS ( HUMAN 9T]C\RSE BECAUSE IT PROVIDES = M5 !IR GREATE/ WELL-BE+4 ,?IS VIEW HAS BE5 EXPRESS$ V>I\SLY & ) V>Y+ DEGREES ( CL>ITY 9 ! DIFF]5T TEA*+S ( ! ,EA/1 BUT = #ai YE>S D[N TO \R [N TIME ?IS VIEW HAS BE5 EXPRESS$ ) /RIK+ & DEF9ITE CL>ITY 9 ,*RI/IANITY4 ,*RI/IANITY PO9T$ \T TO M5 NOT ONLY ?AT LOVE IS ! MEANS ( HUMAN 9T]C\RSE GIV+ !M WELLBE+1 BUT ALSO ?AT LOVE IS ! HI<E/ LAW ( ! LIFE ( M5 & ?AT !RE=E1 ! LAW ( LOVE IS 9COMPATIBLE ) ! PREVI\S >RANGEM5T ( LIFE BAS$ ON VIOL5CE4 

,! *IEF SIGNIFICANCE ( ,*RI/IANITY & ?AT :I* DI/+UI%ES IT FROM ALL PREVI\S TEA*+S IS ?AT IT PROCLAIM$ ! LAW ( LOVE AS ! HI<E/ LAW ( LIFE 9 SU* A WAY AS TO ADMIT ( NO EXCEPTIONS & ALWAYS REQUIR+ ! OBLIGATION TO FULFILL IT2 & SO PO9T$ TO ?OSE COMMON DIGRESSIONS FROM ! LAW ( LOVE :I* SIDE BY SIDE ) ! ACKN[L$G$ BLESS+S ( LOVE W]E P]MITT$ 9 ! PREVI\S >RANGEM5T ( LIFE1 F\ND$ ON ! P[] ( RUL]S & MA9TA9$ BY VIOL5CE4 ,UND] ! PREVI\S >RANGEM5T ( LIFE1 VIOL5CE1 9CLUD+ !RE9 KILL+ 9 SELF-DEF5SE OR DEF5SE ( ONE'S K9 OR FA!RL&1 TO 9FLICT PUNI%M5T ON CRIM9ALS & SO =?1 WAS AN 9EVITABLE CONDITION ( SOCIAL LIFE4 ,*RI/IANITY1 H[EV]1 PUTT+ LOVE AS ! HI<E/ LAW ( LIFE1 ACKN[L$G+ ALL M5 AS EQUALS1 ADVOCAT+ ! =GIV5ESS ( ALL 9JURIES1 9SULTS1 VIOL5CE1 & ! RETURN+ ( GOOD = EVIL1 C\LD NOT P]MIT 9 ANY CIRCUM/ANCES ! VIOL5CE ( MAN AGA9/ MAN1 :I* ALWAYS 9 ITS ULTIMATE DEVELOPM5T DEM&$ EV5 KILL+4 ,?US ,*RI/IANTIY 9 ITS TRUE MEAN+1 ACKN[L$G+ LOVE AS ! FUNDAM5TAL LAW ( LIFE1 DIRECTLY & DEF9ITELY REPUDIAT$ ?AT V]Y VIOL5CE1 :I* LAY AT ! BASE ( EV]Y PREVI\S >RANGEM5T ( LIFE4 

,SU* WAS & IS ! *IEF SIGNIFICANCE ( ,*RI/IANITY4 ,BUT PEOPLE1 :O ADOPT$ ,*RI/IANITY & = C5TURIES LIV$ 9 ! COMPLEX GOV]NM5TAL >RANGEM5TS F\ND$ ON VIOL5CE1 ADOPT$ ,*RI/IANITY P>TLY NOT UND]/&+ ITS SIGNIFICANCE AT ALL1 & P>TLY UND]/&+1 BUT TRY+ TO CONCEAL IT FROM !MSELVES & O!R PEOPLE2 & TOOK FROM ,*RI/IANITY ONLY ?AT :I* WAS NOT REPUGNANT TO !IR E/ABLI%$ MODE ( LIFE4 ,!RE ?US SPRANG UP ON ! ORIG9AL ,*RI/IANITY ! TEA*+ ( ! *UR*1 :I* UNIT$ ! TEA*+ ( ,*RI/ ) ! ANCI5T ,HEBREW TEA*+1 & :I* BY V>I\S DOGMAS & DECREES ABSOLUTELY ALI5 TO ,*RI/IANITY SO SKILLFULLY CONCEAL$ ! ESS5CE ( ,*RI/IANITY ?AT VIOL5CE1 SO OBVI\SLY 9COMPATIBLE ) ,*RI/IANITY 9 ITS TRUE MEAN+1 CAME TO BE CONSID]$ BO? BY ?OSE SUFF]+ CO]CION & ?OSE IMPOS+ IT NOT ONLY NOT REPUGNANT TO ! ,*RI/IAN TEA*+ ( LOVE1 BUT COMPLETELY LAWFUL & 9 ACCORDANCE ) ,*RI/IAN TEA*+4 

,M5 LIV$1 SUBMITT+ TO ACTS ( VIOL5CE & P]=M+ !M1 & SIDE BY SIDE ) ?IS ADVOCAT+ ! TEA*+ ( LOVE1 9 OBVI\S CONTRADICTION TO VIOL5CE4 ,?IS 9N] CONTRADICTION HAS ALWAYS DWELT 9 ! ,*RI/IAN WORLD & 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! 9TELLECTUAL DEVELOPM5T ( M5 BECAME EV] MORE & MORE OBVI\S4 ,9 ! O!R NON-,*RI/IAN L>G] HALF ( MANK9D--,EGYPT1 ,9DIA1 ,*9A 7,I DO NOT SPEAK ( ! ,MAHOMETAN WORLD1 :I* LIV$ BY A TEA*+ PROCE$+ \T ( ,*RI/IANITY7 :]E !RE WAS ALSO--9 ,BRAHMANISM1 9 ,BUDDHISM1 9 ,CONFUCIANISM1 & 9 ,TAOISM-- EXACTLY PROCLAIM$ ! TEA*+ ( LOVE BETWE5 M51 LIV+ UND] ! LAW ( VIOL5CE1 ! CONTRADICTION BETWE5 !SE TWO 9COMPATIBLES BEGAN TO MAKE ITS APPE>ANCE BUT NOT SO %>PLY & P[]FULLY AS 9 ,*RI/IANITY4 ,BUT1 AL?\< 9 ! RELIGI\S TEA*+S ( ! ,EA/1 9 ,9DIA1 ,*9A ?IS 9N] CONTRADICTION1 ! 9COMPATIBILITY ( ! LAW ( VIOL5CE & ! LAW ( LOVE WAS NOT 9DICAT$ ) SU* CL>ITY AS IT WAS 9 ,*RI/IANITY1 9 ! NON-,*RI/IAN WORLD1 TOO1 IT WAS & IS BE+ WORK$ \T1 IT HAS GR[N EV] MORE & MORE CLE> TO M5 ?AT *ANGE IS 9EVITABLE FROM ! OLD \TLIV$ PR9CIPLE ( VIOL5CE TO ! NEW LAW ( LOVE1 5T]+ FROM V>I\S SIDES ! CONSCI\SNESS ( M54 

,I,I,I 

,! RECOGNITION ( ! LAW ( LOVE 5T]$ MORE & MORE 9TO ! CONSCI\SNESS ( M51 OBLIG+ !M TO REPLACE VIOL5CE1 BUT 9 ! MEANTIME LIFE CONT9U$ TO PROCE$ ON ! PREVI\S BASIS4 

,IT CONT9U$ ?US = C5TURIES4 ,BUT !RE CAME A TIME :5 ! TRU? ?AT LOVE IS ! HI<E/ LAW ( MAN'S LIFE & ?AT !RE=E VIOL5CE1 9COMPATIBLE ) LOVE1 CANNOT BE ! HI<E/ LAW ( LIFE1 ! TRU?1 SO *>ACT]I/IC ( ! SPIRITUAL NATURE ( MAN & EXPRESS$ MORE OR LESS CLE>LY 9 ALL RELIGI\S TEA*+S & P>TICUL>LY CLE>LY 9 ,*RI/IANITY1 NOT)/&+ ALL ! EF=TS ( ! RUL]S & !IR ASSI/ANTS1 5T]$ ! CONSCI\SNESS ( M5 EV] MORE & MORE & 9 \R TIME HAS ALREADY BEGUN MORE OR LESS CONSCI\SLY TO REA* ! MAJORITY ( M54 ,AS IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO EXT+UI% A FIRE BY HEAP+ IT UP ) %AV+S1 SO TOO WAS IT IMPOSSIBLE TO SMO!R1 ONCE IT HAD >IS5 9 M5'S CONSCI\SNESS & HAD BE5 SO CLE>LY EXPRESS$ 9 ALL RELIGI\S TEA*+S & BE+ SO NE> TO ! HE>T ( MANK9D1 ! TRU? ?AT ! UNITY *>ACT]I/IC ( MAN'S NATURE IS A UNITY BAS$ ON LOVE1 & NOT ON VIOL5CE1 ON FE>4 ,& ?IS TRU?1 NOT1 IT IS TRUE1 9 ITS DIRECT EXPRESSION1 BUT 9 ! V>I\S SITUATIONS & DEM&S >IS+ \T ( ?IS TRU?1 MORE & MORE FREQU5TLY MAKES ITSELF FELT 9 ! WORLD AS A :OLE1 SEEK+ ITS APPLICATION TO LIFE4 ,?US1 AMONG ! ,*RI/IAN PEOPLES ?IS TRU? APPE>$ E>LI] ?AN 9 O!R C\NTRIES 9 ! DEM&S = EQUALITY ( CIVIL RI<TS1 EQUALITY ( M5 7ALBEIT ONLY FROM A S+LE GOV]NM5T71 9 ! ABOLITION ( SLAV]Y1 9 ! RECOGNITION ( ! RI<TS ( WOM51 9 ! TEA*+S ( SOCIALISM1 COMMUNISM1 AN>*ISM2 ?IS TRU? WAS MANIFE/ & IS MANIFE/ 9 ! GREAT V>IETY ( SOCIETIES & CONF]5CES = PEACE1 IS MANIFE/ TOO 9 ! MANY SO-CALL$ SECTS1 BO? ,*RI/5 & ,MAHOMETAN1 :I* DIRECTLY REPUDIATE ! LAW ( VIOL5CE & SEEK TO FREE !MSELVES FROM SUBJECTION TO IT4 

,9 ! ,*RI/IAN WORLD & 9 ! ,MAHOMETAN WORLD CLOSE TO IT1 ?IS TRU? HAS 5T]$ MORE CLE>LY 9TO ! CONSCI\SNESS ( M54 BUT ALSO 9 ! ,F> ,EA/ ?IS TRU? HAS NOT CEAS$ TO DO ITS WORK4 ,?US EV5 9 ,9DIA & 9 ,*9A1 :]E VIOL5CE IS SANCTION$ BY RELIGI\S LAW1 VIOL5CE & CA/ES 9 ,9DIA >E 9 \R TIME N[ PRES5T$ TO M5 AS SOME?+ \T ( KEEP+ ) HUMAN NATURE4 

,M5 ALL OV] ! WORLD1 AL?\< /ILL NOT ACKN[L$G+ ! LAW ( LOVE 9 ALL ITS SIGNIFICANCE1 ALREADY FEEL ! COMPLETE IMPOSSIBILITY ( CONT9U+ 9 A LIFE ACCORD+ TO ! PREVI\S LAW ( VIOL5CE & SEEK ANO!R BASIS = MUTUAL 9T]C\RSE1 COMPATIBLE ) ! SPIRITUAL GR[? ( MANK9D4 

,!RE IS ONLY ONE SU* BASIS & ?\S&S ( YE>S AGO IT WAS ALREADY EXPRESS$ BY ! WORLD'S BE/ M54 

 ,I,V 

,! PREVI\S BASIS ( ! UNITY ( M51 VIOL5CE1 DOES NOT 9 \R TIME 9SPIRE 9 M51 AS IT PREVI\SLY DID1 A BL9D FAI?1 BUT APPE>S ON ! CONTR>Y SOME?+ ?AT IS ALREADY REPUGNANT TO !IR CONSCI\SNESS4 

,A MAJORITY ( M5 ALREADY FEEL MORE OR LESS VIVIDLY ! 9EVITABILITY ( >RANG+ LIFE ON BASES O!R ?AN ?AT ( P[]4 ,BUT OLD HABITS1 TRADITIONS1 UPBR++1 CU/OMS1 *IEFLY ! >RANGEM5T ( LIFE ITSELF >E SU* ?AT M51 WI%+ TO UND]TAKE ! TASKS >IS+ FROM ! LAW ( LOVE1 BR+ !M TO COMPLETION BY MEANS ( VIOL5CE1 ?AT IS1 BY MEANS ( ?AT :I* IS DIRECTLY OPPOS$ TO ?AT LAW ( LOVE 9 ! NAME ( :I* !Y >E ACT+ & DO+ ?AT :I* !Y >E DO+4 

,SO 9 \R TIME REVOLUTION>IES1 COMMUNI/S1 AN>*I/S1 9 ! NAME ( LOVE1 ! WELF>E ( ! PEOPLE1 BR+ AB\T !IR DE/RUCTION BY ASSASS9ATION4 ,9 ! V]Y NAME ( LOVE1 AGA9 = ! WELF>E ( ! PEOPLE1 GOV]NM5TS SET UP !IR PRISONS1 =TRESSES1 P5AL S]VITUDES1 EXECUTIONS4 ,9 ! NAME ( LOVE1 ! SUPREME BLESS+ NOT ( ONE BUT ( ALL PEOPLES1 ! DIPLOMATS E/ABLI% !IR ALLIANCES1 CONGRESSES1 RE/+ UPON EV] 9CREAS+ & EV] GREAT] & GREAT] >M$ =CES4 ,9 ! NAME ( LOVE AGA9 RI* M51 GA!R+ WEAL? :I* !Y RETA9 ?ANKS ONLY TO LAWS MA9TA9$ BY VIOL5CE1 E/ABLI% ALL !IR SORTS ( PHILAN?ROPIC 9/ITUTIONS1 ! IMMUNITY ( :I* IS AGA9 MA9TA9$ BY SU* VIOL5CE4 

,?IS IS DONE 9 ?IS WAY EV]Y:]E4 ,! GREAT EVIL ( VIOL5CE1 UNNOTIC$ BY M51 IS DONE 9 ! NAME ( ! 9T5TION APP>5TLY TO DO GOOD4 ,& AS IT CANNOT BE O!RWISE1 ?IS NOT ONLY DOES NOT IMPROVE ! SITUATION1 BUT ON ! CONTR>Y ONLY MAKES IT WORSE4 ,& !RE=E ! CONDITION ( ! M5 ( \R TIME HAS BECOME /EADILY WORSE & WORSE1 HAS BECOME F> WORSE ?AN ! CONDITION ( M5 9 ! ANCI5T WORLD4 ,IT BECAME WORSE DUE TO ! FACT ?AT 9 \R TIME ! MEANS ( VIOL5CE 9CREAS$ A HUNDR$ TIMES1 BUT ! 9CREASE 9 ! MEANS ( VIOL5CE 9CREAS$ AS WELL ! EVIL RESULT+ FROM ! VIOL5CE4 ,H[EV] CRUEL & BRUTAL ! ,N]OS & ,IVAN ,I,VS C\LD BE1 !Y DID NOT HAVE AT !IR DISPOSAL ! MEANS ( 9FLU5C+ PEOPLE :I* >E N[ AVAILABLE TO ! ,NAPOLEONS1 ,BISM>CKS ) !IR W>S1 & ! ,5GLI% P>LIAM5TS ) !IR SUPPRESSIONS ( ! ,H9DUS1 & \R ,RUSSIAN ,S*LUSSELBURGS1 P5AL S]VITUDES1 EXILES4 ,!RE W]E 9 OLD ,SLAVIA ROBB]S1 ,PUGA*EVS1 BUT !RE W]E NOT !SE 9/RUM5TS ( KILL+1 BOMBS1 DYNAMITE1 MAK+ IT POSSIBLE = A S+LE WEAK MAN TO KILL HUNDR$S4 ,9 =M] TIMES1 !RE WAS ! 5SLAVEM5T ( SOME TO O!RS1 BUT !RE WAS NOT ?AT G5]AL SEIZURE ( L& SU* AS !RE N[ IS1 & ?OSE DIFFICULTIES 9 ACQUIR+ ! NECESSITIES ( LIFE2 & !RE=E !RE WAS NOT ?AT DESP]ATE SITUATION1 9 :I* MILLIONS ( UNEMPLOY$ N[ F9D !MSELVES1 A SITUATION 9COMP>ABLY WORSE ?AN ! SITUATION ( ! E>LI] SLAVES3 N[ ! WORK]S SEEK SLAV]Y1 & SUFF] BECAUSE !Y CANNOT F9D MA/]S TO [N !M4 ,9 \R TIME1 PRECISELY 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ! NON-RECOGNITION ( ! CAUSE ( EVIL LY+ 9 VIOL5CE & ! CONCEALM5T ( ?IS EVIL BEH9D GOOD 9T5TIONS1 ESPECIALLY UND] ! PRES5T MEANS ( SOCIAL 9T]C\RSE1 >MAM5TS & ! DEBAU*]Y ( PEOPLES1 ! SITUATION ( ! WORK+ MASSES HAS BR\<T !M TO ! MO/ GRIEV\S /RAITS1 HAS RAIS$ TO ! HI<E/ PIT* !IR RES5TM5T AGA9/ ! RUL]S & ! RI* 9 DIRECT PROPORTION TO !IR REA*+ ! HI<E/ DEGREE ( CONSCI\SNESS ( ! PREC>I\SNESS ( ! SITUATION ( ! RUL]S & ! RI* & !IR FE> ( ! WORK+ PEOPLES & HO/ILITY TO !M4 

,V 

,IT IS BECOM+ MORE & MORE IMPOSSIBLE = ! LIFE ( ! PEOPLE ( \R TIME1 BO? RUL]S & ?OSE OV] :OM ! RUL]S EX]CISE !IR P[]1 TO CONT9UE4 ,& ?IS IS FELT KE5LY BY ! ONES & ! O!RS4 ,LIFE WAS POSSIBLE = MANK9D ) ITS DIVISION 9TO T5S ( HO/ILE GOV]NM5TS1 ) ITS EMP]ORS1 K+S1 TROOPS1 DIPLOMATS1 ) ITS ROBB+ ! PEOPLES ( ! PRODUCE ( !IR LABOR = >MAM5TS & ! MA9T5ANCE ( TROOPS1 :5 ! PEOPLES /ILL ?\<T NAIVELY EA* ON ITS [N ACC\NT ?AT IT ALONE WAS ! TRUE PEOPLE1 & ?AT ALL O!R PEOPLES W]E 5EMIES1 B>B>IANS1 & ?AT IT WAS NOT ONLY PRAISEWOR?Y TO GIVE UP ONE'S LABOR & LIFE 9 DEF5SE ( ONE'S PEOPLE & GOV]NM5T1 BUT ?AT IT C\LD NOT EV5 BE O!RWISE1 ?AT ?IS WAS AS NATURAL AS EAT+1 M>RY+1 BREA?+4 ,SU* A LIFE WAS POSSIBLE = M51 :5 M5 BELIEV$ ?AT POV]TY & RI*ES W]E ESS5TIAL CONDITIONS ( LIFE1 PR$E/9$ BY ,GOD2 :5 ! RUL]S & ! RI* NOT ONLY HAD NO D\BT ( ! LAWFULNESS ( !IR POSITION1 BUT TOOK PRIDE 9 !M 9 !IR S\LS BE=E ,GOD1 CONSID]+ !MSELVES ! ELECT1 A SPECIAL BRE$ ( M51 & M5 ( ! PEOPLE1 0MEAN10 OCCUPI$ 9 MANUAL LABOR OR EV5 TRADE1 CONSID]$ AN 9F]IOR RACE ( M51 :ILE ! SUBJECTS & ! POOR BELIEV$ ?AT ! RUL]S & ! RI* W]E SPECIAL BRE$S ( M51 PR$E/9$ TO P[] BY ,GOD HIMSELF1 SO ?AT !IR LIFE AS SUBJECTS & AS POOR M5 WAS ITSELF PR$E/9$ BY ,GOD4 

,SU* A LIFE WAS POSSIBLE 9 ! ,*RI/IAN WORLD :5 IT HAD NOT 5T]$ ! HEADS ( PEOPLE1 :E!R RUL]S OR SUBJECTS1 TO D\BT ?AT RELIGION1 ,CA?OLIC1 ,OR?ODOX OR ,LU!RAN1 :I* ALL[$ NOT ONLY ! COMPLETE 9EQUALITY ( M5 BUT !IR DIRECT 5SLAVEM5T1 CONSID]$ POSSIBLE & EV5 PRAISEWOR?Y ! KILL+ ( M52 :5 M5 BELIEV$ 9 ?IS >TIFICIAL RELIGION TO A DEGREE ?AT IT WAS NOT NECESS>Y TO DEF5D IT EI!R BY CONSCI\S DECEIT OR BY VIOL5CE4 

,IT CONT9U$ ?US = C5TURIES1 BUT !RE CAME A TIME :5 ALL ?AT MADE SU* A LIFE POSSIBLE BEGAN LITTLE BY LITTLE TO BE DE/ROY$1 & F9ALLY ! PEOPLE ( ! :OLE WORLD & ESPECIALLY ( ! ,*RI/IAN WORLD HAVE COME TO RECOGNIZE1 MORE OR LESS CLE>LY ?AT !Y >E NOT ! ONLY ONES1 ,G]MAN1 ,FR5*1 ,JAPANESE1 ,RUSSIANS1 LIV+ 9 ! WORLD1 ?AT !Y >E NOT ! ONLY ONES :O WANT TO UPHOLD ! ADVANTAGES ( !IR PEOPLE1 BUT ?AT ALL PEOPLES >E 9 ?AT SAME SITUATION1 & ?AT !RE=E ALL W>S >E NOT ONLY RU9\S = ! MASS ( ! PEOPLES :O DO NOT GET FROM W> ADVANTAGES ( ANY K9D BUT ONLY PRIVATIONS1 BUT ALSO ABSOLUTELY MEAN+LESS4 

,9 ADDITION M5 9 \R TIME HAVE COME TO RECOGNIZE MORE OR LESS CLE>LY ?AT ALL ! TAXES COLLECT$ FROM !M DO NOT S]VE !IR WELF>E1 BUT >E SQU&]$ L>GELY TO !IR 9JURY 9 W> & 9 ! LUXURY ( ! RUL]S1 ?AT WEAL? IS NO:]E PREORDA9$ FROM ON HI<1 AS WAS REPRES5T$ TO !M PREVI\SLY1 BUT IS ! FRUIT ( A :OLE S]IES ( DECEITS1 EXTORTIONS1 ACTS ( VIOL5CE UPON ! LABOR+ PEOPLES4 ,EV]YONE 9 \R TIME KN[S ?IS 9 ! DEP? ( !IR S\LS1 BO? RUL]S & RI*1 BUT !Y DO NOT HAVE ! /R5G? TO GIVE UP !IR POSITION1 & BY RUDE VIOL5CE OR DECEPTIONS OR COMPROMISES !Y /RUGGLE TO HOLD ON TO !IR POSITION4 ,!RE=E N[1 :5 ALL M51 ALL AP>T FROM ?OSE DIVID$ FROM ONE ANO!R BY DIFF]5T NATIONALITIES1 CRU%$ & WI%+ TO FREE !MSELVES1 OR WI%+ TO RETA9 !IR HOLD OV] ?OSE :O >E SUBJUGAT$1 >E /ILL EV]Y:]E DIVID$ 9TO TWO EMBITT]$1 MUTUALLY HO/ILE CAMPS2 ! ONES WORK]S1 DEPRIV$ ( !IR FAIR %>E1 ABAS$1 & CONSCI\S ( ! 9JU/ICE ( !IR POSITION1 & ! O!RS P[]FUL & WEAL?Y1 ALSO CONSCI\S ( ! 9JU/ICE ( !IR POSITION1 BUT = ALL ?AT1 HANG+ ON TO ?AT POSITION AT ALL CO/S1 & !SE & ! O!RS 9 ORD] TO ATTA9 !IR 5DS READY TO P]PETRATE &1 TO P]PETRATE AGA9/ EA* O!R1 ! GREATE/ CRIMES--DECEPTIONS1 !FTS1 SPY+1 KILL+S1 DYNAMIT+S1 EXECUTIONS--! POSITION ( M5 BE+ SU*1 IT EVID5TLY CANNOT CONT9UE4 

,! TRU? IS ?AT !RE >E /ILL SOME :O WANT TO P]SUADE !MSELVES & ! WORK]S1 ?AT WE >E ON ! PO9T ( YET ONE MORE CONV9C+ EXPLANATION ( EXI/+ 9JU/ICES1 ONE MORE1 ! MO/ WOND]FUL !ORY ( ! FUTURE >RANGEM5T ( LIFE1 ONE MORE SMALL EF=T TO OV]COME ! 5EMY--& AT LA/ !RE WILL BE E/ABLI%$ ?AT NEW ORD] 9 :I* EVIL WILL BE NO MORE & ALL M5 WILL PROSP]4 ,!RE >E ASSUR$LY SU* M51 & AMONG ! RUL]S TOO4 ,!SE M5 TRY TO P]SUADE !MSELVES & O!RS ?AT MANK9D CANNOT LIVE O!RWISE BECAUSE IT HAS LIV$ ?US = C5TURIES1 = MILL5IA2 ?AT IT IS NOT NECESS>Y TO *ANGE ANY?+1 ?AT IT IS NECESS>Y ONLY1 S9CE ?IS IS NOT DISAGREEABLE1 TO SUPPRESS /RICTLY ) =CE ALL ATTEMPTS TO *ANGE ! EXI/+ ORD]1 & NOT REFUS+ ! 0REASONABLE0 DEM&S ( ! PEOPLE1 LEAD IT FIRMLY ALONG ! PA? ( MOD]ATE PROGRESS & ALL WILL BE WELL4 ,!RE >E M5 :O BELIEVE ?IS 9 ! ONE CAMP & ! O!R1 BUT ALREADY PEOPLE DO NOT BELIEVE !M1 & ! TWO HO/ILE CAMPS >E EV] MORE & MORE %>PLY DIVID$3 GREAT] & GREAT] GR[ ! 5VY1 HATR$1 ANG] ( ! WORK]S T[>DS ! P[]FUL & WEAL?Y1 & GREAT] & GREAT] ! FE> & HATR$ ( ! P[]FUL & WEAL?Y T[>DS ! WORK]S & ?OSE DEPRIV$ ( !IR FAIR %>E1 & EV] MORE & MORE DO BO? SIDES 9FECT ONE ANO!R ) !IR MUTUAL HATR$4 

,V,I 

,! SITUATION ( M5 ( \R TIME IS T]RIBLE4 ,! REASON = ?IS T]RIBLE SITUATION IS ?AT WE1 ! M5 ( \R TIME1 LIVE NOT 9 ACCORD ) ?AT WORLD VIEW1 :I* IS *>ACT]I/IC ( \R CONSCI\SNESS1 BUT 9 ACCORD ) ?AT WORLD VIEW1 :I* = ?\S&S ( YE>S D[N TO \R ]A WAS *>ACT]I/IC ( \R PR$ECESSORS1 BUT N[ NO LONG] SATISFIES \R SPIRITUAL DEM&S4 ,! REASON = ?IS IS ?AT :ILE WE MORE OR LESS CLE>LY RECOGNIZE ALREADY ?AT BASIS ( LOVE1 :I*1 REPLAC+ VIOL5CE1 CAN & MU/ UNITE PEOPLE1 EV]YONE /ILL LIVES BY ?AT VIOL5CE :I* 9 E>LI] TIMES UNIT$ M51 BUT IS N[ ALREADY \T ( *>ACT]1 REPUGNANT TO \R CONSCI\SNESS & !RE=E NOT ONLY DOES NOT UNITE BUT N[ ONLY DISUNITES M54 

,CAN AN OLD MAN BE HAPPY OR MORE PRECISELY NOT BE UNHAPPY IF HE WANT$ TO LIVE ! LIFE ( A Y\NG MAN1 OR AN ADULT WANT+ TO LIVE ! LIFE ( A *ILD8 ,9 ! SAME WAY A MAN W\LD NOT ATTEMPT TO CONT9UE TO LIVE ! LIFE ( A PREVI\S AGE NO LONG] 9 KEEP+ ) HIS *>ACT]1 & IF HE W]E TO BE UNREASONABLE1 HE W\LD BE BR\<T BY HIS SUFF]+S :E!R HE LIK$ IT OR NOT TO ! 9EVITABILITY ( LIV+ 9 CON=MITY ) HIS AGE4 ,IT IS EXACTLY ! SAME ) HUMAN SOCIETIES & ) ! :OLE ( MANK9D1 IF IT IS GUID$ 9 ITS LIFE BY A CONSCI\SNESS NOT 9 *>ACT] ) ITS AGE1 BUT BY ?AT :I* IT HAS ALREADY LONG \TLIV$4 ,& ?IS V]Y ?+ IS N[ BE+ ACCOMPLI%$ BY ! MANK9D ( \R TIME4 

,WE DO NOT KN[ & CANNOT KN[ ! CONDITIONS ( BIR?1 OR ORIG9 OR DISAPPE>ANCE ( 9DIVIDUAL M5 NOR ( MANK9D1 BUT )9 ! LIMITS ( TIME ACCESSIBLE TO US WE KN[ & KN[ 9DUBITABLY ?AT ! LIFE ( MANK9D HAS ALWAYS BE5 SUBJECT TO & IS SUBJECT TO ?AT SELF-SAME LAW ( GRADUAL GR[? & DEVELOPM5T TO :I* ! LIFE ( ! SEP>ATE 9DIVIDUAL IS ALSO SUBJECT4 ,AS 9 ! LIFE ( EA* SEP>ATE 9DIVIDUAL WE SEE ?AT A MAN IS GUID$ 9 ! MA9 DIRECTION ( HIS ACTIVITIES BY HIS UND]/&+ ( ! PURPOSE ( HIS LIFE1 ?AT IS1 BY HIS CONSCI\S OR UNCONSCI\S RELIGI\S WORLD VIEW1 SO WE SEE ! SAME ?+ 9 ! LIFE ( ! :OLE ( MANK9D ALSO4 

,& AS ! LIFE ( ! SEP>ATE 9DIVIDUAL DOES NOT CEASE TO *ANGE P>ALLEL ) ITS GR[?1 ?AT IS1 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! *ANGE ( ! G5]AL UND]/&+ ( ! PURPOSE ( HIS LIFE1 PRECISELY 9 ! SAME WAY DOES LIFE ALSO1 NOT CEAS+ TO GR[1 NOT CEAS+ TO *ANGE & UNABLE NOT TO *ANGE1 MOVE =W>D TO A MORE REASONABLE LIFE = ! :OLE ( MANK9D4 ,& JU/ AS ! =W>D MOVEM5T ( ! SEP>ATE 9DIVIDUAL IS ALWAYS NATURALLY1 ALMO/ 9EVITABLY DELAY$ BY HIS HAV+ MA/]$ ! HABITS ( ! PREVI\S AGE ?AT HE HAS LIV$ ?R\<1 HE DOES NOT WILL+LY NOR QUICKLY GR[ ) !M1 (T5 DELIB]ATELY TRY+1 AS HE AB&ONS ! ACTIVITIES ( ! PREVI\S AGE1 TO JU/IFY BY V>I\S RATIONALIZATIONS ?\<T UP FROM HIS PREVI\S LIFE :I* ?\< CONT9U+ IS ALREADY \T ( *>ACT]1 SO 9 JU/ ! SAME WAY DOES MANK9D ALSO NATURALLY KEPT BACK ?R\< 9]TIA 9 ! PREVI\S ALREADY \TLIV$ MODE ( LIFE1 JU/IFY TO ITSELF !SE DELAYS BY >TIFICIAL RELIGI\S BELIEFS & EQUALLY FALSE SCI5TIFIC CON/RUCTIONS4 

,!RE >E MANY SUP]/ITIONS FROM :I* M5 SUFF]1 BUT !RE IS NONE MORE G5]AL1 MORE RU9\S 9 ITS CONSEQU5CES ?AN ?AT SUP]/ITION ACCORD+ TO :I* M5 P]SUADE !MSELVES ?AT ! CONSCI\SNESS ( MANK9D 7?AT :I* IS EXPRESS$ 9 ! TEA*+S ( ! PURPOSE ( LIFE & ( ! GUIDANCE = BEHAVIOR FL[+ FROM IT1 CALL$ RELIGI\S7 ?AT ?IS CONSCI\SNESS CAN BE BR\<T TO A HALT & BE ONE & ! SAME = ALL ! EPO*S ( ! LIFE ( M54 

,?US IT IS ) ?AT SUP]/ITION1 IMPELL+ HUMAN SOCIETY TO LIVE ACCORD+ TO RELIGI\S & SCI5TIFIC TEA*+S :I* ALWAYS LAG BEH9D ! CURR5T DEVELOP+ CONSCI\SNESS ( HUMANITY1 & ?IS HAS ALWAYS BE5 ONE ( ! PR9CIPAL S\RCES ( ?OSE ILLS ?AT HAVE BEFALL5 HUMAN SOCIETIES4 ,& ! MORE !SE ILLS HAVE CONT9U$ TO OCCUR1 ! MORE ! BULK ( MANK9D HAS BE5 SUBJECT$ TO !SE DELAYS 9 MOVEM5T & ! LONG] HAVE !Y LA/$4 

,IT HAPP5S SOMETIMES ?AT !SE DELAYS TAKE HOLD & >E EXPRESS$ ESPECIALLY CLE>LY & >E RESOLV$ 9 A S+LE SMALL P>T ( MANK9D1 BUT IT ALSO HAPP5S ?AT !SE DELAYS TAKE HOLD ( ! LIFE ( ! :OLE ( MANK9D1 AS IS N[ HAPP5+4 

,SO1 = EXAMPLE1 DELAYS 9 ! MOVEM5T T[>DS A MORE REASONABLE LIFE = A S+LE P>T ( MANK9D1 PRODUC$ BY ABUSES 9 ! *UR* ( ,ROME1 EXT5D+ TO ! EXTREME CORRUPTION ( ! ESS5TIAL TEA*+ ( ,*RI/1 HELD SWAY OV] ONLY A SMALL P>T ( MANK9D1 FALL+ UND] PAPI/ SUP]/ITION 9CONGRU\S ) ! CONSCI\SNESS ( M51 & ! ILLS1 >IS+ \T ( ! ,RE=MATION & ! W>S CONSEQU5T UPON1 CONT9U$ = A RELATIVELY %ORT TIME4 

,BUT IT ALSO HAPP5S ?AT ! :OLE ( MANK9D & NOT JU/ C]TA9 PEOPLES1 & AS REG>DS ! PR9CIPLES ( LIFE COMMON TO ALL PEOPLES1 & NOT AS REG>DS PRIVATE QUE/IONS OR ANY P>O*IAL QUE/ION :ATEV]1 RELIGI\S OR SOCIAL1 LIVES = C5TURIES 9COMPATIBLY ) ITS CONSCI\SNESS4 ,& !N ILLS1 FL[+ FROM SU* BRAKES ON LIFE1 BR\<T AB\T BY ! FACT ?AT M5'S CONSCI\SNESS IS ALREADY 9COMPATIBLE ) !IR RELIGI\S PR9CIPLES1 CONT9UE = A P>TICUL>LY LONG TIME & >E P>TICUL>LY GREAT4 ,& SU* IS ! POSITION 9 :I* N[ LIVES NOT A P>T BUT ! :OLE ( MANK9D1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( :I*1 :ILE UND] UNIV]SAL 9]TIA /ILL CONT9U+ TO BE GUID$ = UNITY ONE ) ANO!R BY ! VIOL5CE :I* WAS =M]LY 9EVITABLE & COMMON TO ALL PEOPLES1 M5 EV] MORE & MORE CLE>LY ALREADY RECOGNIZE ANO!R HI<] PR9CIPLE ( LOVE1 OBLIG+ !M TO *ANGE ! PREVI\S WAY ( VIOL5CE4 

 ,V,I,I 

,?REE1 TWO C5TURIES AGO M51 CALL$ TO ! COLORS AT ! COMM& ( ! HEAD ( ! GOV]NM5T1 DID NOT = A MOM5T D\BT ?AT H[EV] DIFFICULT ?AT :I* WAS DEM&$ ( !M MI<T BE1 !Y 9 GO+ TO W>1 W]E DO+ NOT ONLY A GOOD BUT AN 9EVITABLE1 NECESS>Y ?+1 SACRIFIC+ !IR FRE$OM1 LABOR1 LIFE ITSELF 9 A SACR$ BUS9ESS3 ! DEF5SE ( ! FA!RL& AGA9/ ITS 5EMIES1 ABOVE ALL ! FULFILLM5T ( ! WILL ( ! SOV]EIGN PROVID$ BY ,GOD4 ,BUT N[ADAYS1 EV]Y MAN :O IS DRIV5 TO W> 7UNIV]SAL MILIT>Y CONSCRIPTION HAS P>TICUL>LY HELP$ TO DE/ROY ! FRAUD ( PATRIOTISM71 EV]YBODY KN[S ?AT ?OSE AGA9/ :OM !Y >E DRIV5 >E M5 SU* AS !MSELVES1 :O >E ALSO DECEIV$ BY !IR GOV]NM5TS1 & KN[+ ?IS1 ALREADY !Y CANNOT FAIL TO SEE P>TICUL>LY 9 ! ,*RI/IAN WORLD ! :OLE S5SELESSNESS & IMMORALITY ( ! BUS9ESS 9TO :I* !Y >E =C$4 ,& UND]/&+ ! S5SELESSNESS & IMMORALITY ( ! BUS9ESS TO :I* !Y >E SUMMON$1 !Y CANNOT FAIL TO DESPISE & HATE ?OSE M5 :O =CE !M4 

,9 EXACTLY ! SAME WAY =M]LY M51 H&+ OV] !IR TAXES1 ?AT IS1 !IR LABOR TO ! GOV]NM5TS1 W]E CONV9C$ ?AT ?IS H&+ OV] TO ! GOV]NM5T WAS 9EVITABLE = IMPORTANT & NECESS>Y ACTIVITIES2 BUT1 ?AT AP>T1 !Y CONSID]$ ?OSE M5 :O DISPOS$ ( !SE PRODUCTS ( !IR LABOR SC>CELY AS HOLY1 S9LESS M54 ,N[ADAYS ALMO/ EV]Y WORK] CONSID]S ! GOV]NM5T IF NOT AS A GANG ( ?IEVES1 AS M5 :O 9 ALL CIRCUM/ANCES >E CONC]N$ ) !IR [N 9T]E/S & 9 NO WISE ) ! 9T]E/S ( ! PEOPLE1 & ! UNAVOIDABILITY ( PLAC+ HIS LABOR AT !IR DISPOSAL ONLY AS A TEMPOR>Y CALAMITY1 FROM :I* HE DESIRES ) ALL ! /R5G? ( HIS S\L & HOPES BY ONE MEANS OR ANO!R SOON TO BE DELIV]$4 

,TWO HUNDR$1 EV5 ONE HUNDR$ YE>S AGO PEOPLE LOOK$ AT WEAL? AS WOR?Y ( RESPECT & AT ! AMASS+ ( WEAL? AS A VIRTUE & RESPECT$ ! RI* & TRI$ TO IMITATE !M1 :]EAS N[ PEOPLE1 & ESPECIALLY ! POOR DESPISE & HATE ! RI* 9 AS MU* AS !Y >E RI*1 & ALL ATTEMPTS BY ! RI* BY ONE MEANS OR ANO!R TO +RATIATE !MSELVES ) ! POOR EVOKE 9 ! POOR !MSELVES ONLY A /ILL GREAT] HATR$ T[>DS ! RI*4 

,9 PREVI\S TIMES ! RUL]S & ! WEAL?Y BELIEV$ 9 !IR POSITION1 & KNEW ?AT ! WORK+ PEOPLE BELIEV$ 9 ITS LAWFULNESS & ! PEOPLE ACTUALLY DID BELIEVE ?AT !IR [N POSITION & ?AT ( !IR RUL]S W]E PR$E/9$4 ,N[1 H[EV]1 !Y & ! O!RS KN[ ?AT !RE IS NO JU/IFICATION ( ANY K9D = ! RULE ( ! GOV]NM5T NOR = ! WEAL? ( ! RI*1 NOR = ! CRU%+ ( ! WORK]S 9 ORD] TO MA9TA9 ! RUL]S & ! RI* 9 !IR POSITION1 BUT ?AT 9 ORD] ?AT ! WORK]S MI<T FREE !MSELVES FROM BE+ CRU%$1 IT IS NECESS>Y BO? = !M & = ! O!RS TO SPURN ! USE TO ?IS 5D ( EV]Y MEANS POSSIBLE3 DECEITS1 BRIB]Y1 KILL+4 ,BO? ! ONES & ! O!RS DO ?IS1 & :AT IS WOR/ ( ALL1 DO+ !SE ?+S1 9 ! DEP? ( !IR S\LS ! MAJORITY KN[ ?AT NO?+ IS A*IEV$ BY ?IS1 & ?AT ! CONT9UATION ( SU* A LIFE BECOMES EV] MORE & MORE IMPOSSIBLE1 & !Y SEEK & DO NOT F9D A WAY \T ( !IR SITUATION4 ,BUT ?AT ! WAY \T IS UNAVOIDABLE & ONE & ! SAME = ALL GR[S EV] CLE>] & CLE>] TO PEOPLE4 ,!RE IS ONLY ONE WAY \T3 TO FREE ONESELF FROM ?AT =M]LY *>ACT]I/IC HUMAN BELIEF 9 ! 9EVITABILITY & LAWFULNESS ( VIOL5CE & TO MA/] ! BELIEF ?AT ANSW]S TO ! PRES5T /AGE ( MANK9D'S GR[?1 ! ONLY ONE PR(ESS$ 9 ALL ! RELIGIONS ( ! WORLD1 ! BELIEF 9 ! 9EVITABILITY & LAWFULNESS ( LOVE1 EXCLUD+1 COME :AT MAY1 ! VIOL5CE ( MAN OV] MAN4 

,BE=E ?IS DECISIVE /EP :I* IS IMP5D+ 9 \R TIME = ALL MANK9D1 ! M5 ( \R WORLD & TIME N[ /& 9 9DECISION4 

,BUT :E!R M5 WANT TO OR :E!R !Y DO NOT WANT TO1 !Y CANNOT NOT UND]TAKE ?IS /EP4 ,!Y CANNOT NOT UND]TAKE IT1 BECAUSE ! RELIGI\S BELIEF :I* WAS ! BASIS ( ! P[] ( ONE SET ( PEOPLE OV] ! O!RS1 HAS \TLIV$ ITS TIME1 & ! NEW BELIEF 9 CON=MITY TO ! TIME1 9 ! SUPREME LAW ( LOVE EV] MORE & MORE 5T]S 9TO ! CONSCI\SNESS ( M54 

,V,I,I,I 

,IT W\LD SEEM ?AT ! ILLS FL[+ FROM ! VIOL5CE 9FLICT$ BY PEOPLE ON ONE ANO!R \<T TO >\SE 9 !M ! ?\<T ?AT !Y !MSELVES MI<T BE GUILTY ( !SE ILLS4 ,& IF M5 >E !MSELVES GUILTY1 & ,I AM A MAN1 MI<T IT BE ?AT ,I TOO AM GUILTY1 IT W\LD APPE> ?AT EA* MI<T SAY TO HIMSELF1 & !N ASK HIMSELF1 9 :AT IS MY GUILT 9 ! ILLS SUFF]$ BY MYSELF & BY ALL M58 

,SO IT W\LD APPE> \<T TO BE ! CASE1 BUT ! SUP]/ITION ?AT SOME PEOPLE NOT ONLY HAVE ! RI<T1 BUT >E ALSO CALL$ TO & >E ABLE TO >RANGE ! LIFE ( O!R PEOPLE1 ON ACC\NT ( A DUTY TO A LIFE BAS$ ON VIOL5CE1 IS TO SU* AN EXT5T ROOT$ 9 ! CU/OMS ( M51 ?AT ! IDEA ( !IR [N P>TICIPATION 9 ! WRET*$ >RANGEM5T ( ! LIFE ( ! PEOPLE DOES NOT 5T] ANYONE'S HEAD4 ,EV]YBODY ACCUSES EA* O!R4 ,! ONES ACCUSE ?OSE :O1 9 !IR OP9ION1 >E RESPONSIBLE = >RANG+ !IR LIFE & >RANGE IT NOT 9 ! WAY ?AT !Y CONSID] NECESS>Y4 ,O!RS AGA91 >RANG+ ! LIVES ( PEOPLE /RANG]S TO !M >E DISSATISFI$ ) ?OSE :OSE LIVES !Y >RANGE4 ,& BO? ! ONES & ! O!RS ?9K ( MO/ COMPLICAT$ & DIFFICULT QUE/IONS1 BUT ONE QUE/ION ALONE !Y DO NOT SET !MSELVES1 & ?AT ONE1 IT W\LD APPE>1 ! MO/ NATURAL QUE/ION3 :AT MU/ ,I DO 9 ORD] TO *ANGE ?AT >RANGEM5T ( LIFE :I* ,I CONSID] BAD & 9 :I* 9 ONE WAY OR ANO!R ,I CANNOT NOT P>TICIPATE4 

0,LOVE \<T TO TAKE ! PLACE ( VIOL5CE4 ,WE ADMIT ?AT ?IS IS SO1 M5 SAY1 BUT H[1 BY :AT ROAD \<T & CAN ?IS REVOLUTION TAKE PLACE8 ,:AT IS TO BE DONE SO ?AT ?IS REVOLUTION %ALL BE REALIZ$ 9 ORD] ?AT A LIFE ( VIOL5CE %ALL BE REPLAC$ BY A LIFE ( PEACE1 ( LOVE80 

,:AT IS TO BE DONE8 ASK ALIKE BO? RUL]S & SUBJECTS1 REVOLUTION>IES & PEOPLE 9 PUBLIC LIFE1 IMPLICAT$ 9 ! QUE/ION3 ,:AT IS TO BE DONE8--ALWAYS A QUE/ION CONC]N+ H[ ! LIFE ( M5 \<T TO BE >RANG$4 

,EV]YONE ASKS H[ ! LIFE ( M5 \<T TO BE >RANG$1 ?AT IS1 :AT TO DO ) O!R PEOPLE8 ,EV]YONE ASKS :AT IS TO BE DONE ) O!RS1 BUT NOBODY ASKS :AT IS TO BE DONE ) ME MYSELF8 

,! SUP]/ITION ( ! IMMUTABILITY ( RELIGION1 5G5D]+ ! RECOGNITION ( ! LAWFULNESS ( ! RULE ( SOME M5 OV] O!RS1 HAS GIV5 RISE TO YET ANO!R SUP]/ITION1 FL[+ FROM ! FIR/1 :I* MO/ ( ALL PREV5TS PEOPLE FROM GO+ OV] FROM ! LIFE ( VIOL5CE TO ! LIFE ( PEACE1 ( LOVE1 ! SUP]/ITION ?AT SOME M5 \<T & >E ABLE TO >RANGE ! LIFE ( O!R M54 

,SO ?AT ! PR9CIPAL REASON = ! /AGNATION ( M5 9 ! >RANGEM5T ( LIFE1 ALREADY ACKN[L$G$ BY !M AS FALSE1 CONSI/S 9 ! A/ONI%+ SUP]/ITION 7PROCE$+ FROM ! SUP]/ITION ( ! IMMUTABILITY ( RELIGION7 ?AT SOME PEOPLE NOT ONLY >E ABLE BUT ALSO HAVE ! RI<T TO DET]M9E 9 ADVANCE & >RANGE BY VIOL5CE ! LIFE ( O!R PEOPLE4 

,ONCE PEOPLE HAVE FRE$ !MSELVES FROM ?IS CU/OM>Y SUP]/ITION1 IT W\LD IMM$IATELY BECOME CLE> TO ALL ?AT ! LIFE ( EV]Y COMB9ATION ( M5 IS >RANG$ ONLY 9 SO F> AS EA* P]SON >RANGES HIS [N LIFE = HIMSELF4 ,& M5 W\LD UND]/& ?IS1 BO? ?OSE :O >RANGE ! LIFE ( O!RS & ALSO ?OSE :O >E SUBJECT$ TO ?IS >RANGEM5T1 SO EVID5T W\LD IT BECOME TO ALL ?AT ALL VIOL5CE ( MAN OV] MAN CANNOT 9 ANY WAY BE JU/IFI$1 BUT IS NOT SIMPLY A VIOLATION ( LOVE NOR EV5 ( JU/ICE1 BUT ALSO ( COMMON S5SE4 

,SO ! DELIV]ANCE ( M5 FROM ?OSE ILLS :I* !Y >E LIV+ ?R\< 9 \R TIME1 LIES FIR/ ( ALL 9 FREE+ !MSELVES FROM ! SUP]/ITION ( ! IMMUTABILITY ( RELIGION & !N ALSO FROM ! FALSE RELIGI\S TEA*+1 ALREADY \TLIV$ BY ! M5 ( \R TIME1 ( ! DIV9ITY ( P[] & FL[+ FROM IT ! RECOGNITION ( ! LAWFULNESS & USEFULNESS ( VIOL5CE4 

 ,I,X 

0,F9E1 LOVE 9/EAD ( LAWS1 MADE EFFECTIVE BY VIOL5CE4 ,LET US ADMIT ?AT ! RECOGNITION BY ALL M5 ( LOVE AS A MEANS ( UNIT+ ) EA* O!R 9/EAD ( VIOL5CE W\LD 9CREASE M5'S WELF>E1 BUT IT W\LD 9CREASE IT ONLY :5 ALL M5 W\LD HAVE ACKN[L$G$ = !MSELVES ! OBLIGATION ( ! LAW ( LOVE10 IS USUALLY SAID4 0,BUT :AT WILL BE ! FATE ( ALL ?OSE :O1 !MSELVES R5\NC+ VIOL5CE1 >E LIV+ AMONG PEOPLE :O HAVE NOT R5\NC$ IT8 ,!SE M5 WILL BE ROBB$ ( EV]Y?+1 WILL BE TORM5T$1 !SE M5 WILL BE ! SLAVES ( M5 LIV+ BY VIOL5CE40 

,?US ALWAYS & EV]Y:]E ! DEF5D]S ( VIOL5CE SAY ONE & ! SAME ?+ & !Y DO NOT TRY TO UND]/& ?AT :I* IS EMBRAC$ )9 ! LAW ( LOVE ITSELF4 

,I WILL NOT SPEAK ( ! FACT ?AT1 :E!R VIOL5CE HAS AT ANY TIME :ATEV] DEF5D$ ! LIFE & TRANQUILITY ( M51 IT HAS ON ! O!R H& BE5 ON A C\NTLESS NUMB] ( OCCASIONS ! CAUSE ( ! GREATE/ ILLS :I* C\LD HAVE OCCURR$ IF ! PEOPLE HAD NOT P]MITT$ ! VIOL5CE4 ,I WILL NOT SPEAK ( ALL ?OSE HORRORS :I* FROM ! MO/ ANCI5T TIMES HAVE BE5 P]PETRAT$ 9 ! NAME ( ACKN[L$G+ ! 9EVITABILITY ( VIOL5CE NOR ( ! HORRORS ( ! W>S ( ! ANCI5T WORLD & ( ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES1 NOR ( ! HORRORS ( ! GREAT ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION1 ( ! #c1 COMMUN>DS ( ! YE> '#g1 ( ! HORRORS ( ! ,NAPOLEONIC1 ! ,FRANCO-,PRUSSIAN1 ! ,TURKI%1 ! ,JAPANESE W>S1 ( ! SUPPRESSION ( ! ,9DIANS1 N[ ! AFFAIR ) ! ,P]SIANS1 N[ ! P]PETRATION ( ! BUT*]Y ( ! ,>M5IANS1 ! KILL+S & EXECUTIONS 9 ,RUSSIA1 NOR ( ! MILLI>DS ( ! UN5D+ DEA? ROLL ( ! WORK]S FROM WANT & HUNG]4 ,WE >E NOT 9 ANY WAY ABLE TO WEI< & DECIDE ! QUE/ION AS TO :E!R !RE W\LD HAVE BE5 OR WILL BE GREAT] OR LESS MAT]IAL A%ES FROM ! APPLICATION 9 SOCIAL LIFE ( VIOL5CE OR ( ! LAW ( LOVE1 BECAUSE WE DO NOT KN[--& CANNOT KN[--:AT W\LD HAVE BE5 IF AT LEA/ A SMALL NUMB] ( M5 HAD FOLL[$ ! LAW ( LOVE1 & ! MAJORITY .<HAD LIV$ BY VIOL5CE.>4 ,?IS QUE/ION CANNOT BE DECID$ EI!R WAY EI!R BY EXP]IM5T OR BY REASON4 ,?IS QUE/ION IS A RELIGI\S-MORAL QUE/ION & !RE=E IS DECID$ NOT BY EXP]IM5T1 BUT BY ! 9N] CONSCI\SNESS1 AS ALL RELIGI\S-MORAL QUE/IONS >E DECID$ NOT BY CONSID]ATION ( :AT IS MORE ADVANTAGE\S1 BUT BY ?AT :I* A MAN RECOGNIZES GOOD & :AT IS EVIL1 :AT IS A DUTY & :AT IS NOT4 

,9 NO?+ SO MU* AS 9 ! ATTITUDE ( PEOPLE ( \R WORLD TO ! QUE/ION ( ! APPLICATION TO LIFE ( ! LAW ( LOVE & ! UND]/&+ ( NONRESI/ANCE TO EVIL BY VIOL5CE 9DISSOLUBLY CONNECT$ ) IT1 IS SO EVID5T ! COMPLETE ABS5CE 9 M5 ( \R TIME NOT ONLY ( ,*RI/IAN BELIEF1 BUT EV5 ( ANY RELIGI\S BELIEF :ATEV]1 & NOT ONLY ( ANY RELIGI\S BELIEF :ATEV]1 BUT EV5 AN UND]/&+ ( :AT RELIGI\S BELIEF CONSI/S4 

0,! LAW ( LOVE1 EXCLUD+ VIOL5CE1 IS NOT OBS]V$1 BECAUSE IT C\LD COME AB\T ?AT A SC\NDREL MI<T UND] \R EYES KILL A DEF5SELESS *ILD10 PEOPLE SAY4 

,!SE PEOPLE DO NOT ASK :AT IS TO BE DONE BY !M :5 !Y SEE A MAN BE+ L$ TO EXECUTION OR :5 !Y SEE M5 TRA9+ PEOPLE TO KILL1 OR :5 !Y SEE ! />V+ TO DEA? ( PEOPLE 9 ! FACTORIES FROM ! UNHEAL?Y LABOR ( WORK]S1 WOM5 & *ILDR54 ,ALL ?IS !Y SEE & NOT ONLY DO NOT ASK :AT !Y >E TO DO 9 ! PRES5CE ( !SE ?+S1 BUT !MSELVES P>TICIPATE 9 !SE AFFAIRS1 9 EXECUTIONS1 SOLDI]S TRA9+ O!RS TO KILL1 9 W>S1 9 ! />V+ ( WORK]S & 9 MANY O!R MATT]S AS WELL4 ,BUT !N1 Y\ SEE1 !Y >E ALL V]Y OCCUPI$ & WORRI$ BY ! QUE/ION ( :AT !Y >E TO DO ) ! IMAG9>Y *ILD ?AT IS BE+ KILL$ BE=E !IR V]Y EYES4 ,! FATE ( ?IS IMAG9>Y *ILD MOVES !M TO SU* AN EXT5T ?AT !Y CANNOT 9 ANY WAY ADMIT ?AT ! NON-EMPLOYM5T ( VIOL5CE W\LD HAVE BE5 ONE ( ! 9EVITABLE CONDITIONS ( LOVE4 ,ESS5TIALLY :AT OCCUPIES !SE PEOPLE1 WI%+ TO JU/IFY VIOL5CE1 IS NOT 9 ANY WAY ! FATE ( ! IMAG9>Y *ILD1 BUT !IR [N FATE1 !IR :OLE LIFE BAS$ ON VIOL5CE1 :I* 9 ! PRES5CE ( ! NEGATION ( VIOL5CE CANNOT CONT9UE4 

,TO PROTECT A *ILD FROM BE+ KILL$ IT IS ALWAYS POSSIBLE TO PUT ONE'S [N BREA/ B5EA? ! BL[ ( ! KILL]1 BUT ?IS ?\<T1 NATURAL = A MAN1 GUID$ BY LOVE1 CANNOT 5T] ! HEADS ( PEOPLE LIV+ BY VIOL5CE1 BECAUSE = !SE M5 !RE >E NOT & CANNOT BE ANY O!RS BESIDE BRUTES-- IMPELL$ TO ACTIVITY4 

,9 REALITY ! QUE/ION ( ! APPLICATION TO LIFE ( ! DEM&S ( LOVE LEADS TO ! SIMPLE/ ( CONCLUSIONS1 A CONCLUSION ALWAYS ACKN[L$G$ & IMPOSSIBLE NOT TO BE ACKN[L$G$ BY M5'S REASON1 ! CONCLUSION1 TO BE SURE1 ?AT LOVE IS 9COMPATIBLE ) DO+ TO ANO!R :AT Y\ W\LD NOT Y\RSELF WI%1 & !RE=E 9COMPATIBLE ) 9JURIES1 DEPRIVATION ( FRE$OM1 ! KILL+ ( O!R M51 :I* IS ALWAYS 9EVITABLY 9CLUD$ 9 ! CONCEPT ( VIOL5CE4 ,?AT IS :Y IT IS POSSIBLE TO LIVE BY VIOL5CE1 NOT RECOGNIZ+ ! LAW ( LOVE AS A RELIGI\S LAW ( LOVE2 & IT IS ALSO POSSIBLE TO LIVE 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! LAW ( LOVE1 NOT RECOGNIZ+ ! 9EVITABILITY ( VIOL5CE4 ,BUT TO ACKN[L$GE ! DIV9ITY ( ! LAW ( P[]1 ?AT IS1 ( VIOL5CE1 AT ! SAME TIME AS ! DIV9ITY ( ! LAW ( LOVE1 ?AT1 IT W\LD SEEM1 IS IMPOSSIBLE4 ,YET IT IS 9 ?IS CONTRADICTION :I* CRIES TO HEAV5 ?AT ALL ! PEOPLE ( \R TIME & P>TICUL>LY ! PEOPLE ( ! ,*RI/IAN WORLD LIVE4 

 ,X 

0,BUT ?IS IS /ILL ! G5]AL MODE ( REASON+4 ,LET US ADMIT ?AT ,I DO BELIEVE 9 ! LAW ( LOVE10 !Y SAY AB\T ?IS1 0:AT AM ,I1 :AT IS ,IVAN1 ,PETYA1 ,M>YA1 EV]Y MAN TO DO1 IF HE ACKN[L$GES ! JU/ICE ( ! FACT ?AT MANK9D HAS LIV$ SO LONG ?AT IT IS 9EVITABLE ?AT HE 5T]S ON A NEW WAY ( LIFE8 ,:AT AM ,I1 ,IVAN1 ,PETYA1 ,M>YA TO DO 9 ORD] ?AT ?AT EVIL LIFE ( VIOL5CE BE DE/ROY$ & ! GOOD LIFE 9 ACCORD ) LOVE BE E/ABLI%$8 ,:AT 9DE$ MU/ ,I1 ,IVAN1 ,PETYA1 ,M>YA DO 9 ORD] TO PROMOTE ?IS REVOLUTION80 

,?IS QUE/ION1 DESPITE ! FACT ?AT IT APPE>S TO US SO NATURAL1 IS /RANGE1 AS /RANGE AS ! QUE/ION A MAN1 RU9+ HIS LIFE BY DRUNK5NESS1 GAM+1 PR(LIGACY1 QU>REL+ MI<T ASK3 :AT AM ,I TO DO 9 ORD] TO IMPROVE MY LIFE8 

,H[EV] MU* ONE MAY REGRET ! FACT ( REPLY+ TO SU* A NAIVE QUE/ION1 ,I WILL ALL ! SAME REPLY = ?OSE TO :OM SU* A QUE/ION CAN BE NECESS>Y4 

,! REPLY TO ! QUE/ION ( :AT NE$S TO BE DONE BY A MAN1 CONDEMN+ ! EXI/+ >RANGEM5T ( LIFE & WI%+ TO REPLACE & IMPROVE IT1 IS A SIMPLE REPLY1 NATURAL & ONE & ! SAME = EA* MAN1 OV] :OM ! SUP]/ITION ( MAN'S VIOL5CE HAS NOT GA9$ ! UPP] H&1 IT IS AS FOLL[S3 ,FIR/3 ONESELF TO /OP DO+ DIRECT VIOL5CE1 BUT ALSO TO PREP>E ONESELF = ?IS4 ,?IS FIR/1 SECONDLY1 NOT TO TAKE P>T 9 ANY VIOL5CE :ATEV] DONE BY O!R PEOPLE1 & ALSO 9 PREP>ATIONS = VIOL5CE1 ?IRDLY1 NOT TO APPROVE ( ANY VIOL5CE :ATEV]4 

,NOT ONESELF TO DO DIRECT VIOL5CE MEANS NOT TO SEIZE HOLD ( ANYONE ) ONE'S H&S1 NOT TO BEAT1 NOT TO KILL1 NOT TO DO ?OSE ?+S = ONE'S [N P]SONAL 5DS1 BUT ALSO UND] ! PRETEXT ( PUBLIC ACTIVITIES4 

,NOT TO TAKE P>T 9 ANY VIOL5CE :ATEV] MEANS NOT ONLY NOT TO BE A *IEF CON/ABLE1 A GOV]NOR1 A JUDGE1 A GU>D1 A TAX COLLECTOR1 A ,CZ>1 A M9I/]1 A SOLDI]1 BUT ALSO NOT TO TAKE P>T 9 ! C\RTS AS A PETITION]1 DEF5D+ C\NSEL1 W>D]1 B>RI/]4 

,NOT TO APPROVE ( ANY SORT ( VIOL5CE MEANS BESIDE NOT US+ ANY K9D ( VIOL5CE = ONE'S [N ADVANTAGE1 NEI!R 9 SPEE* NOR 9 WRIT+1 NOR 9 DE$S3 NOT TO EXPRESS PRAISE OR AGREEM5T ) VIOL5CE ITSELF OR ) AFFAIRS MA9TA9$ BY VIOL5CE OR BAS$ ON VIOL5CE4 

,IT CAN WELL BE ?AT IF A MAN %ALL SO BEHAVE1 REPUDIAT+ ! SOLDI]Y1 C\RTS1 PASSPORTS1 PAYM5T ( TAXES1 ! RECOGNITION ( P[] & WILL EXPOSE ! OPPRESSORS & !IR ADH]5TS1 HE WILL BE SUBJECT$ TO P]SECUTION4 ,IT IS HI<LY PROBABLE ?AT SU* A MAN 9 TIMES LIKE ! PRES5T WILL BE TORM5T$31 !Y WILL CONFISCATE HIS PROP]TY1 BANI% HIM1 %UT HIM 9 PRISON & P]HAPS KILL HIM4 ,BUT IT CAN ALSO BE ?AT ?AT MAN :O DOES NOT DO ANY ( ?IS & ON ! CONTR>Y FULFILLS ! DEM&S ( P[]1 MAY SUFF] FROM O!R CAUSES 9 PRECISELY ! SAME WAY & P]HAPS /ILL GREAT] ?AN HE :O REFUSES OB$I5CE4 ,& IT CAN ALSO HAPP5 ?AT ! REFUSAL ( A MAN TO P>TICIPATE 9 VIOL5CE1 BAS$ ON ! DEM&S ( LOVE1 MAY OP5 ! EYES ( O!R M5 & 9FLU5CE MANY TO MAKE SU* REFUSALS TOO1 SO ?AT ! RUL]S WILL ALREADY NOT BE 9 ANY CONDITION TO APPLY VIOL5CE TO ALL ?OSE REFUS+4 

,ALL ?IS CAN BE1 BUT IT CAN ALSO NOT BE4 ,& IT IS = ?IS REASON ?AT ! REPLY TO ! QUE/ION ( :AT IS A MAN TO DO1 :O ACKN[L$GES ! TRU? & ! APPLICATION ( LIFE ( ! LAW ( LOVE1 CANNOT BE BAS$ ON CONJECTUR$ CONSEQU5CES4 

,! CONSEQU5CES ( \R ACTIONS >E NOT )9 \R P[]4 ,9 \R P[] >E ONLY \R ACTIONS !MSELVES4 ,! ACTIONS :I* *>ACT]IZE :AT A MAN DOES1 & ABOVE ALL :I* *>ACT]IZE :AT HE DOES NOT DO1 >E BAS$ ALWAYS ON ! MAN'S BELIEFS ALONE4 ,LET A MAN BELIEVE 9 ! 9EVITABILITY ( VIOL5CE1 BELIEVE IT RELIGI\SLY1 & SU* A MAN WILL C>RY \T VIOL5CE NOT 9 ! NAME ( ! HAPPY CONSEQU5CES :I* HE EXPECTS FROM ! VIOL5CE1 BUT ONLY BECAUSE HE BELIEVES4 ,IF !N A MAN BELIEVES 9 ! LAW ( LOVE1 9 PRECISELY ! SAME WAY HE WILL FULFILL ! DEM&S ( LOVE & WILL REFRA9 FROM ACTS1 CONTR>Y TO ! LAW ( LOVE1 9DEP5D5TLY ( ANY CONSID]ATIONS :ATEV] ( CONSEQU5CES1 BUT ONLY BECAUSE HE BELIEVES & ON ?AT ACC\NT HE CANNOT ACT O!RWISE4 

,& ?AT IS :Y = ! REALIZATION 9 LIFE ( ! LAW ( LOVE & ! REPLACEM5T ( ! LAW ( VIOL5CE1 ONLY ONE ?+ IS NECESS>Y3 ?AT M5 %\LD BELIEVE 9 ! LAW ( LOVE 9 ! SAME WAY ?AT !Y N[ BELIEVE 9 ! 9EVITABILITY ( VIOL5CE4 ,ONLY :5 PEOPLE BELIEVE 9 ! LAW ( LOVE AT LEA/ APPROXIMATELY ! SAME AS !Y N[ BELIEVE 9 ! 9EVITABILITY ( VIOL5CE1 WILL ! QUE/ION ( H[ PEOPLE1 R5\NC+ VIOL5CE1 >E TO BEHAVE ) PEOPLE P]PETRAT+ VIOL5CE CEASE TO BE A QUE/ION1 & ! LIFE ( M5 WILL BE )\T ANY VIOL5CE & ! UPHEAVAL WILL ASSUME A =M ( LIFE UNKN[N TO US T[>DS :I* MANK9D IS HEAD+ & :I* WILL DELIV] IT FROM ?OSE EVILS FROM :I* IT N[ SUFF]S 

,IS ?IS POSSIBLE8 

,X,I 

,! SOLUTION NOT ( ! S+LE QUE/ION ( ! SOCIAL >RANGEM5TS1 BUT ( ALL1 ALL ! QUE/IONS TR\BL+ MANK9D1 LIES 9 ONE ?+1 9 TRANSF]R+ ! QUE/ION FROM ! SPH]E :I* APPE>S TO BE ONE ( BREAD? & SIGNIFICANCE BUT IS 9 REALITY MO/ N>R[1 9SIGNIFICANT & ALWAYS DUBI\S3 FROM ! SPH]E ( EXT]NAL ACTIVITIES 7HAV+1 ALLEG$LY1 9 VIEW ! WELF>E ( ALL MANK9D1 SCI5TIFIC1 PUBLIC ACTIVITIES71 TO ! SPH]E1 APP>5TLY N>R[1 BUT 9 REALITY MO/ BROAD & DEEP1 & ABOVE ALL1 9DUBITABLE3 TO ! SPH]E ( ! MO/ P]SONAL1 NOT PHYSICAL1 BUT SPIRITUAL LIFE1 TO ! RELIGI\S SPH]E4 

,ONLY :5 EA* MAN DOES ?IS = HIMSELF1 ASK+ HIMSELF1 HIS REAL SELF1 HIS S\L :AT IS NECESS>Y = Y\ BE=E ,GOD OR BE=E CONSCI5CE 7IF Y\ DO NOT WANT TO ACKN[L$GE ,GOD71 & IMM$IATELY !RE WILL BE RECEIV$ ! MO/ SIMPLE1 CLE>1 9DUBITABLE REPLIES TO ! MO/ APP>5TLY COMPLICAT$ & 9SOLUBLE QUE/IONS1 & 9 L>GE P>T ! QUE/IONS !MSELVES WILL BE ABOLI%$1 & ALL ?AT WAS COMPLICAT$1 9VOLV$1 9SOLUBLE1 AGONIZ+1 ALL WILL IMM$IATELY BECOME SIMPLE1 CLE>1 JOYFUL & 9DUBITABLE4 

,:OEV] Y\ MAY BE3 EMP]OR1 K+1 EXECUTION]1 MILLIONAIRE1 JAIL]1 BEGG>1 M9I/]1 ?IEF1 WRIT]1 MONK1 /OP = A M9UTE 9 Y\R ACTIVITIES1 & GLANCE 9TO ?AT MO/ SACR$ PLACE1 9TO Y\R HE>T & ASK Y\RSELF :AT IS NECESS>Y = Y\1 Y\R REAL SELF 9 ORD] TO LIVE ?R\< 9 ! BE/ MANN] ?OSE H\RS OR DECADES :I* MAY /ILL LIE BE=E Y\4 ,& :OEV] Y\ MAY BE1 IF ONLY Y\ WILL S9C]ELY & S]I\SLY ASK Y\RSELF AB\T ?IS1 Y\ CANNOT NOT GIVE TO Y\RSELF ?AT SELF-SAME ANSW] :I* ALL M5 HAVE GIV5 & DO GIVE TO !MSELVES AS !Y HAVE & DO S]I\SLY & S9C]ELY PUT TO !MSELVES ?IS QUE/ION3 ONE ?+ IS NECESS>Y TO Y\1 PROBABLY ONE ?+ ONLY1 ?AT V]Y ?+ :I* WAS ALWAYS & IS N[ NECESS>Y = EV]YONE3 WELLBE+1 TRUE WELLBE+1 NOT SU* WELLBE+ AS TODAY CAN BE WELLBE+1 BUT TOMORR[ CAN BECOME H>MFUL1 & NOT SU* AS W\LD BE H>MFUL = Y\RSELF ALONE1 BUT H>MFUL = O!RS1 BUT ?AT TRUE 9DUBITABLE WELLBE+ ALONE1 SU* WELLBE+ AS IS WELLBE+ BO? = Y\ & = ALL M5 BO? TODAY & TOMORR[ & EV]Y:]E4 ,BUT SU* TRUE WELLBE+ IS GIV5 ONLY TO HIM :O FULFILLS ! LAW ( HIS LIFE4 ,?IS IS ! LAW ?AT Y\ KN[ BO? BY REASON & BY ! TEA*+S ( ALL ! WISE M5 ( ! WORLD & BY ! 9CL9ATION ( Y\R [N HE>T4 ,?IS LAW IS LOVE3 LOVE = ! HI<E/ P]FECTION1 = ,GOD & = ALL LIV+ ?+S & 9 P>TICUL> = ?OSE BE+S AK9 TO ONESELF--M54 

,IF ONLY EA* ( US W\LD GRASP ?IS HE W\LD IMM$IATELY GRASP ! FACT ?AT ! CAUSE ( ! SUFF]+ ( \RSELVES & ( ALL ! WORLD LIES NOT 9 :ATEV] EVILS >E COMMITT$ BY M51 GUILTY ( WRONG-DO+1 BUT 9 ONE ?+ ALONE3 9 ! FACT ?AT M5 LIVE 9 CONDITIONS ( LIFE1 MADE UP ( VIOL5CE1 CONDITIONS CONTR>Y TO LOVE1 9COMPATIBLE ) IT1 & ?AT IS ! REASON = ?AT EVIL FROM :I* WE ALL SUFF]1 NOT 9 M51 BUT 9 ?AT FALSE >RANGEM5T ( LIFE ON VIOL5CE1 :I* M5 CONSID] 9EVITABLE4 

,BUT IF EA* MAN W\LD GRASP ?IS--HE W\LD ALSO GRASP ?AT ! ?IEF :O /EALS & ! RI* MAN1 AMASS+ & MA9TA9+ WEAL?1 & ! RUL]1 SIGN+ ! DEA? S5T5CE1 & ! EXECUTION] C>RY+ IT \T1 & ! REVOLUTION>Y ?R[+ A BOMB1 & ! DIPLOMAT1 PREP>+ = W>1 & ! PRO/ITUTE1 PR(AN+ H] S\L & BODY1 & ! SOLDI] %OOT+ AT :OMEV] HE IS ORD]$ TO1 ALL EQUALLY >E NOT GUILTY1 BUT DO :AT !Y DO ONLY BECAUSE !Y LIVE ACCORD+ TO A FALSE BELIEF 9 ! .<9EVITABILITY.> ( VIOL5CE1 )\T :I* !Y CANNOT !MSELVES IMAG9E LIFE4 

,BUT LET A MAN GRASP ?IS1 & HE WILL CLE>LY SEE ! 5TIRE 9JU/ICE1 ! CRUELTY1 ! IRRATIONALITY ( BLAM+ PEOPLE1 ) !IR \TLIV$ BELIEF 9 VIOL5CE1 & FL[+ FROM IT ! COMPLICAT$ CONDITIONS ( LIFE1 LEAD+ TO !IR ACTIONS CONTR>Y TO LOVE1 HE WILL GRASP ?AT M5 DO ILL NOT BECAUSE !Y >E GUILTY BUT BECAUSE !RE EXI/S ! SUP]/ITION ( VIOL5CE1 :I* CAN 9 NO WISE BE DE/RUCTIVE ( VIOL5CE1 & :I* CAN BE DE/ROY$ ONLY BY EA* MAN FREE+ HIMSELF FROM ?IS BANEFUL SUP]/ITION4 

,EMANCIPATION FROM ! SUP]/ITION ( VIOL5CE LIES 9 ONE ?+3 9 FREE+ ONESELF FROM ! G5]AL QUE/IONS ( IMAG9>Y IMPORTANCE ( SOCIAL LIFE1 BY TRANSF]R+ ALL ! EF=TS ( ! S\L FROM ! SOCIAL SPH]E1 ( EXT]NAL ACTIVITIES1 TO ! FULFILLM5T ( ! DEM&S ( ONE'S 9N] SPIRITUAL LIFE4 ,!SE V]Y DEM&S CLE>LY EXPRESS$ 9 ! TEA*+S ( ALL ! RELIGI\S TEA*]S ( MANK9D1 & ALSO 9 ! 9N] CONSCI\SNESS ( EV]Y MAN2 ?OSE DEM&S CONSI/ 9 ! 9CREASE 9 EA* MAN HIMSELF ( ! CAPACITY ( LOVE4 

,X,I,I 

,9 \R TIME ! CONT9UATION ( LIFE ON BASES :I* >E \TLIV$ & ALREADY %>PLY OPPOS$ TO ALL M5'S CONSCI\SNESS ( TRU? HAS BECOME IMPOSSIBLE1 & ?AT IS :Y1 :E!R WE WI% IT OR NOT1 WE MU/ 9 ! >RANGEM5T ( \R LIFE E/ABLI% ! LAW ( LOVE 9 ! PLACE ( VIOL5CE4 ,BUT H[ 9 EFFECT IS ! LIFE ( M5 TO BE E/ABLI%$ ON A BASIS ( LOVE1 EXCLUD+ VIOL5CE8 ,NO ONE CAN ANSW] ?IS QUE/ION1 & MOREOV]1 SU* AN ANSW] IS NOT NECESS>Y = ANYONE EI!R4 ,! LAW ( LOVE IS NOT ! LAW ( ! SOCIAL >RANGEM5TS ( ?IS OR ?AT PEOPLE OR GOV]NM5T :I* CAN BE FUR!R$ :5 Y\ =ESEE OR RA!R IMAG9E ?AT Y\ =ESEE ?OSE CONDITIONS1 UND] :I* ! WI%$ = *ANGE MAY BE ACCOMPLI%$4 ,! LAW ( LOVE1 ?AT WILL BE ! LAW ( LIFE ( EA* SEP>ATE 9DIVIDUAL1 IS 9 PLACE ( ?AT LAW ( LIFE ( ! :OLE ( MANK9D & ?AT IS :Y IT W\LD BE S5SELESS TO IMAG9E ?AT IT IS POSSIBLE TO KN[ & TO WI% TO KN[ ! ULTIMATE 5D ( ONE'S [N LIFE & /ILL MORE ( ! LIFE ( ALL MANK9D4 

,! FACT ?AT WE DO NOT KN[ & CANNOT EV5 REPRES5T TO \RSELVES H[ WILL BE ! LIFE ( M51 BELIEV+ 9 ! LAW ( LOVE JU/ AS PEOPLE N[ BELIEVE 9 ! 9EVITABILITY ( VIOL5CE1 %[S ONLY ?AT :5 WE FOLL[ ! LAW ( LOVE1 WE TRULY LIVE1 DO+ ?AT :I* EA* \<T TO DO = HIMSELF :AT AS WELL HE \<T TO DO = ! LIFE ( ALL MANK9D4 ,WE KN[ ?AT FOLL[+ ! LAW ( LOVE WE DO ?AT :I* WE \<T = \RSELVES1 BECAUSE ONLY :5 WE FOLL[ ?IS LAW DO WE RECEIVE ! GREATE/ WELLBE+4 ,WE KN[ ALSO ?AT1 FOLL[+ ?IS LAW1 WE DO ?AT TOO :I* WE \<T .<&.> = ! :OLE ( MANK9D1 BECAUSE ! WELLBE+ ( MANK9D IS 9 UNITY1 & NO?+ CAN ( ITS [N NATURE SO CLOSELY & JOYFULLY UNITE M5 AS ?AT V]Y LAW ( LOVE :I* GIVES ! HI<E/ WELLBE+ TO EA* SEP>ATE MAN4 

,?AT IS ALL ?AT ,I WI%$ TO SAY4 

,BELIEV+ ) MY :OLE S\L ?AT WE >E LIV+ ON ! EVE ( A WORLD-WIDE GREAT REVOLUTION 9 ! LIFE ( M5 & ?AT EV]Y EF=T = ! SWIFTE/ DE/RUCTION ( ?AT :I* CANNOT NOT BE DE/ROY$ & ! SWIFTE/ REALIZATION ( ?AT :I* CANNOT NOT BE REALIZ$1 EV]Y EF=T1 H[EV] WEAK1 ASSI/S ! COM+ ( ?IS REVOLUTION1 ,I C\LD NOT1 LIV+ 9 ALL PROBABILITY ! LA/ DAYS ( MY LIFE1 NOT ATTEMPT TO CONVEY TO O!R M5 ?IS1 MY BELIEF4 

,YES1 WE /& ON ! ?RE%OLD ( A QUITE NEW JOYFUL LIFE & 5TRY 9TO ?IS LIFE DEP5DS ONLY ON \R FREE+ \RSELVES FROM ! SUP]/ITION1 TORM5T+ US EV] MORE & MORE1 ( ! 9EVITABILITY ( VIOL5CE = ! COMMON LIFE ( M5 & ON ACKN[L$G+ ?AT ET]NAL PR9CIPLE ( LOVE1 :I* HAS ALREADY LIV$ A LONG TIME 9 ! CONSCI\SNESS ( M5 & MU/ 9EVITABLY REPLACE ! PR9CIPLE ( VIOL5CE1 \TLIV$ & ALREADY LONG UNNECESS>Y & ONLY RU9\S = M54 

,LEO ,TOL/OY 

,YASNAYA ,POLYANA 

#e ,JULY1 #a#i#i4 

7,S\RCE3 ,PUBLI%$ ON ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#g#e1 BY ,H\SMANS JO9TLY ) ! ,FELL[%IP ( ,RECONCILIATION1 E>LI] V]SIONS APPE>$ 9 ,SEPTEMB]1 #a#i#i1 BY ! ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 9 ,5GLI%4  #aige WORK TRANSLAT$ BY ,RONALD ,SAMPSON47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JULY #e1 #aii 3 ,! ,9EVITABLE ,REVOLUTION -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JUNE #e1 #bba 3 ,! ,9EVITABLE ,REVOLUTION -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #i1 #bbb 3 ,! ,9EVITABLE ,REVOLUTION -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/