,P>T #a1 ,*APT] #b1 ,SECTION #f 

#aheeahee 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,LYS&] ,SPOON] 

,TEXT 3 

,S,E,C,T,I,O,N ,V,I4 

,OBJECTION ,SIX?4 

,A SIX? OBJECTION IS1 ?AT S9CE 0! C\RSE ( EV5TS1 & ! G5]AL PROGRESS ( KN[L$GE1 SCI5CE1 & >T1 SUGGE/1 PO9T TO1 CONTRIBUTE TO1 & AID ! PRODUCTION (1 C]TA9 9V5TIONS10 AS M5TION$ 9 ! PREC$+ SECTION1 IT IS TO BE PRESUM$ ?AT1 IF A P>TICUL> 9V5TION W]E NOT PRODUC$ BY ONE M9D1 IT SOON W\LD BE BY ANO!R2 & ?AT1 BECAUSE ONE MAN HAPP5S TO BE ! FIR/ 9V5TOR1 IS NO REASON :Y HE %\LD HAVE AN EXCLUSIVE & P]PETUAL PROP]TY 9 A DEVICE1 OR IDEA1 :I* W\LD HAVE BE5 BR\<T =?1 BE=E A V]Y LONG TIME1 BY SOME O!R M9D1 IF IT HAD NOT BE5 DONE BY HIM4 

,ADMITT+1 = ! SAKE ( ! >GUM5T1 ?AT ,B W\LD HAVE PRODUC$ A C]TA9 IDEA1 IF ,A HAD NOT DONE IT BE=E HIM1 ! OBJECTION IS ( NO MORE WEI<T1 9 ! CASE ( 9TELLECTUAL PROP]TY1 ?AN 9 ! CASE ( MAT]IAL PROP]TY4 ,IF ,A HAD NOT TAK5 POSSESSION ( A C]TA9 TRACT ( WILD L&1 & CONV]T$ IT 9TO A F>M1 SOME ONE W\LD HAVE COME AFT] HIM1 & DONE IT4 ,BUT ?AT IS NO REASON :Y ! F>M DOES NOT N[ BELONG TO ,A4 

,IF ,A HAD NOT PRODUC$ C]TA9 COMMODITIES = ! M>KET--AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES1 = EXAMPLE--! M>KET W\LD HAVE BE5 SUPPLI$ BY SOME ONE ELSE4 ,BUT ?AT PLA9LY IS NO REASON :Y ! COMMODITIES PRODUC$ BY ! LABOR ( ,A1 %\LD NOT BE HELD TO BE HIS PROP]TY4 

,IF A MAN IS TO BE D5I$ ANY RI<T ( PROP]TY 9 ! FRUITS ( HIS LABOR1 M]ELY BECAUSE IT IS PRESUM$ ?AT1 IF HE HAD NOT P]=M$ ! LABOR1 SOME O!R P]SON W\LD1 NO MAN W\LD BE 5TITL$ TO PROP]TY 9 ! FRUITS ( HIS LABOR2 = 9 FEW CASES1 IF ANY1 C\LD HE PROVE ?AT NO O!R P]SON W\LD EV] HAVE P]=M$ ! LABOR1 IF HE HAD LEFT IT UNDONE4 

,! SAME PR9CIPLE1 ?AT APPLIES TO MAT]IAL ?+S1 9 ?IS RESPECT1 APPLIES TO IDEAS4 

,! PR9CIPLE GOES TO ! DE/RUCTION ( ALL RI<TS ( PROP]TY 9 ! FRUITS ( MAN'S LABOR1 BECAUSE IF ,A1 AS FIR/ PRODUC]1 IS TO BE DEPRIV$ ( ! FRUITS ( HIS LABOR1 M]ELY = ! REASON ?AT ,B W\LD HAVE PRODUC$ ! SAME ?+S1 IF ,A HAD NOT1 !N ,B C]TA9LY1 AS SECOND PRODUC]1 \<T TO HAVE NO PROP]TY 9 !M1 = ! REASON ?AT1 IF HE HAD NOT PRODUC$ !M1 ,C W\LD HAVE DONE SO4 ,ADMITT+ ?AT ,B W\LD HAVE PRODUC$ ! SAME ?+S ?AT ,A HAS DONE1 HE C\LD HAVE NO BETT] RI<T TO !M ?AN ,A N[ HAS4 ,SO ?AT ! PR9CIPLE GOES TO ! DE/RUCTION ( ALL RI<TS ( PROP]TY 9 NE>LY OR QUITE ALL MAT]IAL1 AS WELL AS 9TELLECTUAL1 ?+S4 

,BUT IS IT AT ALL TRUE1 OR AT ALL TO BE PRESUM$1 ?AT IF ,A HAD NOT PRODUC$ A C]TA9 9V5TION1 ,B W\LD HAVE DONE IT8 ,IT MAY1 9 A FEW CASES1 SEEM HI<LY PROBABLE1 ?\< IT CANNOT 9 ! NATURE ( ?+S BE C]TA91 ?AT P>TICUL> 9V5TIONS W\LD HAVE BE5 MADE1 )9 A %ORT P]IOD1 IF !Y HAD NOT BE5 MADE AT ! TIMES !Y W]E4 ,NEV]!LESS1 !SE ?+S >E1 9 G5]AL1 MATT]S RE/+ :OLLY 9 VAGUE CONJECTURE1 & NOT AT ALL ON PRO(4 ,IT MAY BE REASONABLY C]TA9 ?AT1 UND] FAVORABLE CONDITIONS1 MANK9D AT L>GE WILL PROGRESS 9 ! >TS & SCI5CES2 ?AT MANY NEW & VALUABLE 9V5TIONS WILL BE MADE BY SOMEBODY4 ,BUT :AT ?OSE 9V5TIONS WILL BE1 CANNOT BE KN[N BE=EH&4 ,IT SURELY IS NOT EASY1 EV5 IF IT BE POSSIBLE1 TO DET]M9E ?AT ANY GIV5 9V5TION W\LD HAVE BE5 PRODUC$ 9 A HUNDR$1 OR A ?\S& YE>S1 IF IT HAD NOT BE5 PRODUC$ BY ! P>TICUL> 9DIVIDUAL1 :O ACTUALLY PRODUC$ IT4 ,HUNDR$S & ?\S&S ( YE>S HAVE ROLL$ AWAY )\T ITS BE+ PRODUC$2 & H[ CAN IT BE KN[N1 OR EV5 CONFID5TLY ASS]T$1 ?AT HUNDR$S & ?\S&S MORE MI<T NOT HAVE ROLL$ AWAY1 )\T ITS BE+ PRODUC$1 HAD IT NOT BE5 = ! EXI/5CE ( ! S+LE M9D ?AT ACTUALLY BR\<T IT 9TO EXI/5CE8 ,:O CAN SUPPOSE ?AT ! POEMS ( ,HOM]1 ,%AKESPE>E1 & ,MILTON1 OR ! ORATIONS ( ,DEMOS!NES1 ,CIC]O1 & ,BURKE1 W\LD EV] HAVE SE5 ! LI<T1 HAD NOT ,HOM]1 ,%AKESPE>E1 ,MILTON1 ,DEMOS!NES1 ,CIC]O & ,BURKE !MSELVES EXI/$8 ,C]TA9LY NO ONE CAN IMAG9E SU* ?+S TO HAVE BE5 )9 ! RANGE ( ANY RATIONAL PROBABILITY4 ,EA* M9D PRODUCES ITS [N WORK2 & :O CAN SAY ?AT ANY O!R M9D W\LD HAVE PRODUC$ ! SAME WORK ?AT ONE M9D HAS PRODUC$1 IF ! LATT] HAD NOT PREOCCUPI$ ! FIELD8 

,! SAME !ORY NO D\BT HOLDS GOOD TO A CONSID]ABLE EXT5T1 7:O CAN SAY IT DOES NOT HOLD GOOD TO ALL EXT5T87 9 ALL O!R FIELDS ( 9TELLECTUAL LABOR1 AS WELL AS 9 POETRY & ELOQU5CE8 ,P]HAPS IT WILL BE SAID ?AT SOME DEVICES >E SO SIMPLE1 & LIE SO ON ! SURFACE ( ?+S1 ?AT !Y MU/ SOON HAVE BE5 DISCOV]$ BY SOMEBODY1 IF ! ACTUAL DISCOV]] HAD NEV] EXI/$4 ,BUT SIMPLE IDEAS1 ?AT SEEM$ TO HAVE LA9 ON ! SURFACE ( ?+S1 ALMO/ )9 ! SI<T ( EV]Y ONE1 HAVE BE5 PASS$ BY UNSE5 = AGES4 ,:O CAN SAY ?AT !Y W\LD NOT HAVE CONT9U$ TO BE PASS$ BY = AGES MORE1 BUT = ! =TUNATE1 +5I\S1 OR KE5-SI<T$ DISCOV]]S1 :O ACTUALLY FIR/ LAID !IR EYES DIRECTLY UPON !M8 ,IT C]TA9LY SEEMS TO BE ! G5]AL ORD] ( NATURE1 9 REG>D TO 9TELLECTUAL PRODUCTIONS1 ?AT EA* 9DIVIDUAL ( ! HUMAN RACE HAS HIS PECULI> WORK ALLOTT$ TO HIM2 NOT ?AT ONE IS CREAT$ TO DO :AT ANO!R HAS LEFT UNDONE4"9 

,:O CAN SAY1 OR BELIEVE1 ?AT IF ,ALEX&]1 & ,CAES>1 & ,NAPOLEON HAD NOT PLAY$ ! P>TS !Y DID 9 HUMAN AFFAIRS1 !RE WAS ANO!R ,ALEX&]1 ANO!R ,CAES>1 ANO!R ,NAPOLEON1 /&+ READY TO /EP 9TO !IR PLACES1 & DO !IR WORK8 ,:O CAN BELIEVE ?AT ! WORKS ( ,RAPHAEL & ,ANGELO C\LD HAVE BE5 P]=M$ BY O!R H&S ?AN !IRS8 ,:O CAN AFFIRM ?AT ANY ONE BUT ,FRANKL9 W\LD EV] HAVE DRAWN ! LI<TN+S FROM ! CL\DS8 ,YET :O CAN SAY ?AT :AT IS TRUE ( ,ALEX&]1 & ,CAES>1 & ,NAPOLEON1 & ,RAPHAEL1 & ,ANGELO1 & ,FRANKL91 IS NOT EQUALLY TRUE ( ,>KWRI<T1 & ,WATT1 & ,FULTON1 & ,MORSE8 ,SURELY NO ONE4 

,IT IS NO D\BT BO? EASY & TRU?FUL TO SAY1 ?AT C]TA9 EV5TS PO9T ! WAY TO1 & PREP>E ! WAY =1 C]TA9 O!R EV5TS--TO DISCOV]IES1 AS TO ALL O!R ?+S4 ,BUT IT IS ALSO NO D\BT EQUALLY TRUE ?AT ! C\RSE ( EV5TS1 & ! PROGRESS ( KN[L$GE HAVE1 ?R\< ALL TIME1 PO9T$ ! WAY TO1 & PREP>$ ! WAY =1 C\NTLESS ?\S&S ( O!R 9V5TIONS ?AT HAVE NEV] BE5 MADE2 9V5TIONS1 ?AT HAVE NOT BE5 MADE1 SIMPLY BECAUSE ! RI<T MAN WAS NOT !RE TO MAKE !M2 OR HE HAD NOT ! PROP] FACILITIES1 OR ! NECESS>Y 9DUCEM5TS1 TO MAKE !M4 ,IF T5 ?\S& TIMES AS MANY DISCOV]IES HAD BE5 MADE1 AS HAVE BE5 ACTUALLY MADE1 WE %\LD HAVE SAID1 ) EQUAL REASON1 & ) EQUAL TRU?1 ?AT ! C\RSE ( EV5TS1 & ! PROGRESS ( KN[L$GE1 HAD PO9T$ ! WAY TO !M1 & PREP>$ ! WAY = !M1 AS WE N[ SAY ?AT ! C\RSE ( EV5TS1 & ! PROGRESS ( KN[L$GE1 PO9T$ ! WAY TO1 & PREP>$ ! WAY =1 ! DISCOV]IES ALREADY MADE2 & ?AT1 IF !Y HAD NOT BE5 MADE AT ! TIME !Y W]E1 !Y W\LD NO D\BT SOON HAVE BE5 MADE BY O!RS8 ,:AT1 !N1 IS ! VALUE ( ANY SU* OBJECTION AS ?IS1 TO ! RI<TS ( AU?ORS & 9V5TORS8 

,BUT EV5 IF A SECOND MAN W\LD HAVE MADE A C]TA9 9V5TION1 IF ! FIR/ HAD NOT--:AT ( IT8 ,MAY NOT ! 9V5TION AS WELL BE ! PROP]TY ( ! FIR/ MAN1 AS ( ! SECOND8 

,! FIR/ MAN HAV+ DONE ! WORK1 ! SECOND MAN HAS NO NE$ TO DO IT2 BUT IS LEFT FREE TO P]=M SOME O!R LABOR1 ( :I* HE WILL 5JOY ! FRUITS1 9 ! SAME WAY ?AT ! FIR/ 5JOYS ! FRUITS ( HIS LABOR4 ,:]E1 !N1 IS ! 9JU/ICE8 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ah$ 3 ,P>T #a1 ,*APT] #b1 ,SECTION #f -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #i1 #bb 3 ,P>T #a1 ,*APT] #b1 ,SECTION #f -- ,ADD$4 

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