,P>T #a1 ,*APT] #c1 ,SECTION #b 

#aheeahee 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,LYS&] ,SPOON] 

,TEXT 3 

,S,E,C,T,I,O,N ,I,I4 

,DESC5T ( ,9TELLECTUAL ,PROP]TY4 

,!RE IS ! SAME REASON1 & AS /RONG REASON1 :Y A MAN'S 9TELLECTUAL PROP]TY %\LD DESC5D TO HIS RELATIVES1 AS !RE IS :Y HIS MAT]IAL PROP]TY %\LD DO SO4 

,:AT IS ! GR\ND1 ON :I* ! LAW ALL[S ANY MAN'S PROP]TY TO GO1 AT HIS DEA?1 TO HIS WIFE1 *ILDR51 OR O!R RELATIVES8 ,?IS1 & NO?+ ELSE1 VIZ43 ! LAW PRESUMES ?AT HE ACQUIR$ IT = !M1 & 9T5D$ IT = !IR B5EFIT4 ,9 %ORT1 IT PRESUMES ?AT IT WAS HIS WILL ?AT IT %\LD GO TO !M1 RA!R ?AN TO MANK9D AT L>GE4 ,& ?IS IS A REASONABLE PRESUMPTION1 79 ! ABS5CE ( EXPRESS EVID5CE TO ! CONTR>Y17 BECAUSE1 DUR+ LIFE1 M5 USUALLY LABOR =1 & DEVOTE !IR PROP]TY TO ! SUPPORT & WELF>E (1 !IR IMM$IATE FAMILIES & RELATIVES1 9 PREF]5CE TO /RANG]S4 ,& IT IS NATURAL ?AT1 AT DEA?1 !Y %\LD WI% !IR PROP]TY /ILL TO BE DEVOT$ TO ! SAME 5DS1 = :I* !Y PRODUC$ & EMPLOY$ IT :ILE LIV+4 ,?IS PRESUMPTION IS SO NATURAL & REASONABLE1 SO WELL GR\ND$ 9 ! NATURE & EXP]I5CE ( MANK9D AT L>GE1 & )AL SO CONSI/5T ) A MAN'S MORAL DUTIES1 ?AT NO?+ IS SUFF]$ TO OV]COME IT1 9 LAW1 EXCEPT UND\BT$ EVID5CE ?AT A MAN EXPRESS$ A DIFF]5T WILL1 :ILE LIV+1 & 9 ! POSSESSION ( HIS REASON4 

,AL?\< M5 SOMETIMES WILL ?AT1 AT !IR DEA?1 !IR PROP]TY %ALL GO TO O!RS ?AN !IR NE>E/ RELATIVES1 IT IS NEV]!LESS NE>LY OR QUITE AN UNHE>D ( EV5T1 ?AT A MAN %\LD WI% HIS PROP]TY TO GO TO MANK9D AT L>GE1 9 PREF]5CE TO HIS IMM$IATE FRI5DS4 ,!RE IS1 !RE=E1 NO GR\ND1 9 LAW1 = SU* A PRESUMPTION1 9 ! ABS5CE ( EXPRESS EVID5CE4 ,& !RE IS NO MORE REASON :Y A MAN'S 9TELLECTUAL PROP]TY %\LD GO TO ! PUBLIC1 AT HIS DEA?1 ?AN !RE IS :Y HIS MAT]IAL PROP]TY %\LD GO TO !M4 

,IT HAS BE5 SAID1 ?AT1 ADMITT+ A MAN TO HAVE AN ABSOLUTE PROP]TY 9 HIS IDEAS1 DUR+ LIFE1 IT IS A WRONG TO SOCIETY TO ALL[ ! TRANSMISSION ( ?IS RI<T BY 9H]ITANCE1 = ?IS REASON1 VIZ43 ,IT IS SAID ?AT ! RI<T ( PROP]TY NATURALLY T]M9ATES ) ! LIFE ( ! PROPRIETOR2 ?AT1 9 ! CASE ( MAT]IAL PROP]TY1 SOCIETY ALL[ ! RI<T TO BE TRANSMITT$ TO RELATIVES1 = ! REASON ?AT1 O!RWISE1 ! PROP]TY1 BE+ LEFT )\T AN [N]1 W\LD BECOME ! PROP]TY ( ?OSE :O %\LD FIR/ SEIZE UPON IT2 ?AT IT W\LD ?US GIVE RISE TO VIOL5T SCRAMBLES AMONG ?OSE :O %\LD BE ATTEMPT+ TO SEIZE UPON IT2 ?AT1 TO PREV5T ?IS VIOL5CE1 SOCIETY DECREES ?AT ! PROP]TY %ALL GO TO ! IMM$IATE FAMILY ( ! DECEAS$2 BUT ?AT1 AS !RE C\LD BE NO SCRAMBLE OR VIOL5CE TO GET POSSESSION ( AN IDEA1 AT ! DEA? ( ! PROPRIETOR1 !RE IS NO NECESSITY1 & !RE=E NO JU/IFICATION1 = ALL[+ ! PR9CIPLE ( 9H]ITANCE TO APPLY TO 9TELLECTUAL PROP]TY2 & ?AT1 CONSEQU5TLY1 SU* PROP]TY %\LD BECOME FREE TO ALL4 

,?IS OBJECTION IS 5TIRELY FALLACI\S2 & ! REASON ASSIGN$1 :Y MAT]IAL PROP]TY IS ALL[$ TO GO TO ! RELATIVES ( ! DECEAS$1 IS NOT ! TRUE ONE4 ,SOCIETY DO NOT E/ABLI% ! PR9CIPLE ( 9H]ITANCE >BITR>ILY1 AS ! OBJECTION SUPPOSES1 TO AVOID OCCASIONS = VIOL5T SCRAMBLES = ! PROP]TY ( ! DEAD2 = SU* SCRAMBLES C\LD AS WELL BE AV]T$ BY DECREE+ ?AT ! PROP]TY %\LD ES*EAT TO ! GOV]NM5T1 AS BY DECREE+ ?AT IT %\LD GO TO ! RELATIVES ( ! DECEAS$4 ,& IF ! PROP]TY HAVE NO RI<TFUL [N]1 IT P]HAPS \<T TO GO TO ! PUBLIC1 & TO ! GOV]NM5T AS ! REPRES5TATIVE (1 & TRU/EE =1 ! PUBLIC4 ,BUT ! PR9CIPLE ( 9H]ITANCE IS A PR9CIPLE ( NATURAL LAW1 F\ND$ ON ! PRESUMPTION ?AT1 :]E A DECEAS$ P]SON HAS LEFT NO EVID5CE TO ! CONTR>Y1 IT WAS HIS WILL1 7SO LONG AS HE HAD HIS REASON1 & !RE=E SO LONG AS HIS WILL WAS ( ANY LEGAL IMPORTANCE17 ?AT 9 ?AT MOM5T1 7:5EV] IT MI<T >RIVE17 9 :I* HIS PROP]TY C\LD NO LONG] BE USEFUL TO1 NOR BE CONTROLL$ BY1 HIMSELF1 ALL HIS RI<TS 9 IT %\LD VE/ 9 HIS FAMILY4 ,& SU* A WILL1 OR CONS5T1 IS1 9 ITS NATURE1 AS VALID & SUFFICI5T1 & ! LAW JU/LY HOLDS IT TO BE AS EFFECTUAL1 TO CONVEY ! RI<T ( PROP]TY1 AS ANY CONS5T :I* A MAN GIVES1 :5 9 FULL HEAL?1 TO ! CONVEYANCE ( HIS RI<T ( PROP]TY = A PECUNI>Y CONSID]ATION4 

,! UNIV]SAL NATURE ( MANK9D1 & !IR NE>LY OR QUITE UNIV]SAL CONDUCT1 ?R\<\T LIFE1 & 9 !IR LATE/ MOM5TS ( REASON1 FURNI% SO /RONG EVID5CE ?AT SU* IS ! WILL ( ALL M51 9 REG>D TO !IR PROP]TY1 ?AT GOV]NM5TS D>E NOT DISREG>D IT--D>E NOT CONFISCATE ! PROP]TY ( A DECEAS$ P]SON1 :O LEFT RELATIVES LIV+ )9 ANY REASONABLE LIMIT ( CONSANGU9ITY4 ,& MANK9D 9 G5]AL W\LD AS SOON REBEL AGA9/ A GOV]NM5T1 :I* !Y KNEW W\LD CONFISCATE !IR PROP]TY AT !IR DEA?1 & ?US PLUND] !IR FAMILIES ( ! PROVISION !Y HAD MADE = !M1 AS !Y W\LD AGA9/ ONE ?AT %\LD CONFISCATE IT :ILE !Y W]E LIV+4 ,!RE IS NO SPECIES ( ROBB]Y1 :I* ! G5]AL S5SE ( MANK9D W\LD CONSID] MORE ATROCI\S1 ON ! P>T ( GOV]NM5T1 ?AN ?AT ( CONFISCAT+ ! PROP]TY ( ! DEAD4 

0,! PROP]TY ( ! DEAD40 ,?AT IS NOT AN ACCURATE EXPRESSION4 ,IT IS NOT ! PROP]TY ( ! DEAD1 BUT ( ! LIV+2 = ! RI<T ( PROP]TY PASS$ TO ! LIV+ AT OR BE=E ! MOM5T ( ! DEA? ( ! ORIG9AL PROPRIETOR4 

,IF1 !N1 ! PR9CIPLE ( 9H]ITANCE BE A PR9CIPLE ( NATURAL LAW1 IT IS AS APPLICABLE TO 9TELLECTUAL1 AS TO MAT]IAL1 PROP]TY4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ah$ 3 ,P>T #a1 ,*APT] #c1 ,SECTION #b -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #i1 #bb 3 ,P>T #a1 ,*APT] #c1 ,SECTION #b -- ,ADD$4 

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