,! ,M>XI/ ,DIALECTIC 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,K>L ,KORS* 

,TEXT 3 

,FIR/ PUBLI%$3 9 ,IMPREKORR1 #aibc 

,TRANSLAT$ BY ,K>L-,HE9Z ,OTTO 

,S\RCE3 ,CLASS ,AGA9/ ,CLASS 

,TRANSCRIB$3 BY ,ZDRAVKO ,SAVESKI1 = M>XI/S4ORG #b#i4 

,! IMM5SE SIGNIFICANCE ( ,M>X'S !ORETICAL A*IEVEM5T = 
! PRACTICE ( PROLET>IAN CLASS /RUGGLE IS ?AT HE CONCISELY FUZ$ 
TOGE!R = ! FIR/ TIME ! TOTAL CONT5T ( ?OSE NEW VIEWPO9TS 
TRANSGRESS+ B\RGEOIS HORIZONS1 & ?AT HE ALSO =MALLY 
CONCEPTUALIZ$ !M 9TO A SOLID UNITY1 9TO ! LIV+ TOTALITY ( A 
SCI5TIFIC SY/EM4 ,!SE NEW IDEAS >OSE BY NECESSITY 9 ! 
CONSCI\SNESS ( ! PROLET>IAN CLASS FROM ITS SOCIAL CONDITIONS4 ,K>L 
,M>X DID NOT CREATE ! PROLET>IAN CLASS MOVEM5T 7AS SOME B\RGEOIS 
DEVIL-WOR%IP]S IMAG9E 9 ALL S]I\SNESS74 ,NOR DID HE CREATE 
PROLET>IAN CLASS CONSCI\SNESS4 ,RA!R1 HE CREAT$ ! 
!ORETICAL-SCI5TIFIC EXPRESSION ADEQUATE TO ! NEW CONT5T ( 
CONSCI\SNESS ( ! PROLET>IAN CLASS1 & !REBY AT ! SAME TIME 
ELEVAT$ ?IS PROLET>IAN CLASS CONSCI\SNESS TO A HI<] LEVEL ( ITS 
BE+4 

,! TRANS=MATION ( ! 0NATURAL0 CLASS VIEWPO9T ( ! 
PROLET>IAT 9TO !ORETICAL CONCEPTS & PROPOSITIONS1 & ! 
P[]FUL SYN!SIS ( ALL !SE !ORETICAL PROPOSITIONS 9TO ! 
SY/EM ( 0SCI5TIFIC SOCIALISM0 IS NOT TO BE REG>D$ AS A M]E 
PASSIVE 0REFLEX0 ( ! REAL HI/ORICAL MOVEM5T ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,ON 
! CONTR>Y1 ?IS TRANS=MATION =MS AN ESS5TIAL COMPON5T ( ! 
REAL HI/ORICAL PROCESS4 ,! HI/ORICAL MOVEM5T ( ! PROLET>IAT 
C\LD NEI!R BECOME 09DEP5D5T0 NOR 0UNIFI$0 )\T ! 
DEVELOPM5T ( AN 9DEP5D5T & UNIFI$ PROLET>IAN CLASS 
CONSCI\SNESS4 ,JU/ AS ! POLITICALLY & ECONOMICALLY MATURE1 
NATIONALLY & 9T]NATIONALLY ORGANIZ$ PROLET>IAN CLASS MOVEM5T 
DI/+UI%ES ITSELF FROM !1 AT FIR/1 DISP]S$ & UNORGANIZ$ 
/IRR+S & SPASMS ( ! PROLET>IAT1 SO TOO 0SCI5TIFIC SOCIALISM0 
DI/+UI%ES ITSELF AS ! 0ORGANIZ$ CLASS CONSCI\SNESS0 ( ! 
PROLET>IAT FROM ?OSE DISP]S$ & =MLESS FEEL+S & VIEWS 9 
:I* PROLET>IAN CLASS CONSCI\SNESS F9DS ITS FIR/ IMMATURE 
EXPRESSION4 ,!RE=E1 FROM A PRACTICAL PO9T ( VIEW1 ! !ORETICAL 
EVOLUTION ( SOCIALISM T[>DS A SCI5CE1 AS EXPRESS$ BY ,K>L ,M>X 9 
! ,COMMUNI/ ,MANIFE/O & 9 ,CAPITAL1 APPE>S AS A QUITE NECESS>Y 
ELEM5T )9 ?AT GREAT HI/ORICAL DEVELOPM5TAL PROCESS 9 :I* ! 
PROLET>IAN CLASS MOVEM5T GRADUALLY MOV$ AWAY FROM ! B\RGEOIS 
REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T ( ! 0?IRD E/ATE0 & CON/ITUT$ ITSELF AS 
AN 9DEP5D5T & UNIFI$ CLASS4 ,ONLY BY TAK+ ! =M ( A /RICT 
0SCI5CE0 C\LD ?IS COMPLEX ( PROLET>IAN CLASS VIEWS1 CONTA9$ 9 
0MOD]N SOCIALISM10 RADICALLY PURIFY ITSELF FROM ! B\RGEOIS VIEWS 
) :I* FROM ITS ORIG9 IT WAS 9EXTRICABLY CONNECT$4 ,& ONLY BY 
BECOM+ A 0SCI5CE0 C\LD SOCIALISM ACTUALLY FULFILL ! TASK :I* 
,K>L ,M>X & ,FR$]ICK ,5GELS HAD SET = IT3 TO BE ! 0!ORETICAL 
EXPRESSION0 ( REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAN CLASS ACTION :I* IS TO 
ASC]TA9 ! HI/ORICAL CONDITIONS & NATURE ( ?IS REVOLUTION>Y 
PROLET>IAN CLASS ACTION1 !REBY 0BR++ ?AT CLASS :I* IS CALL$ 
TO ACTION1 & IS TODAY SUPPRESS$1 TO A CONSCI\SNESS ( ! 
CONDITIONS & NATURE ( ITS [N ACTION40 

,:ILE 9 ! =EGO+ EXPOSITION WE HAVE *>ACT]IZ$ ! 
PRACTICAL MEAN+ ( ! SCI5TIFIC 
=M ( MOD]N OR ,M>XIAN SOCIALISM WE HAVE AT ! SAME 
TIME ALSO DESCRIB$ ! MEAN+ ( ! DIALECTICAL ME?OD 
:I* ,K>L ,M>X APPLI$4 ,= AS C]TA9LY AS ! CONT5T ( SCI5TIFIC 
,SOCIALISM WAS 9 EXI/5CE AS AN UN=M$ VIEWPO9T 7PROLET>IAN CLASS 
VIEWPO9T7 BE=E ITS SCI5TIFIC =MULATION1 JU/ AS C]TA9LY IS ! 
SCI5TIFIC =M 9 :I* ?IS CONT5T LIES BE=E US 9 ! WORKS ( 
,M>X & ,5GELS4 ,?US 0SCI5TIFIC SOCIALISM0 PROP]LY SO-CALL$ IS 
QUITE ESS5TIALLY ! PRODUCT ( ! APPLICATION ( ?AT MODE ( 
?\<T :I* ,M>X & ,5GELS DESIGNAT$ AS !IR 0DIALECTICAL ME?OD40 
,& IT IS NOT ! CASE1 AS SOME CONTEMPOR>Y 0,M>XI/S0 MI<T LIKE TO 
IMAG9E1 ?AT BY VIRTUE ( HI/ORICAL ACCID5T ?OSE SCI5TIFIC 
PROPOSITIONS :I* ,K>L ,M>X PRODUC$ BY ! APPLICATION ( HIS 
0DIALECTICAL ME?OD0 C\LD TODAY BE SEP>AT$ AT WILL FROM ?AT ME?OD 
& SIMPLY REPRODUC$4 ,NOR IS IT ! CASE ?AT ?IS ME?OD IS \T ( 
DATE BECAUSE ( ! PROGRESS ( ! SCI5CES4 ,NOR IS ITS REPLACEM5T BY 
ANO!R ME?OD TODAY NOT ONLY POSSIBLE BUT RA!R EV5 NECESS>Y6 
,:OEV] SPEAKS 9 !SE T]MS HAS NOT COMPREH5D$ ! MO/ IMPORTANT 
ASPECTS ( ! ,M>XI/ DIALECTIC4 ,H[ C\LD ONE O!RWISE COME TO ! 
?\<T ?AT TODAY-AS AT A TIME ( 9CREAS$ CLASS /RUGGLE 9 ALL 
SPH]ES ( SOCIAL1 ?US ALSO SO-CALL$ 9TELLECTUAL1 LIFE -?AT ME?OD 
C\LD BE AB&ON$ 0:I* IS 9TR9SICALLY CRITICAL & REVOLUTION>Y40 
,K>L ,M>X & ,FR$]ICK ,5GELS SIMULTANE\SLY OPPOS$ ! NEW ME?OD ( 
PROLET>IAN SCI5CE TO ! 0METAPHYSICAL MODE ( ?\<T0 70?AT 
SPECIFIC WEAKNESS ( ?\<T ( ! LA/ C5TURY07 & TO ALL E>LI] 
=MS ( 0DIALECTIC0 79 P>TICUL> ! IDEALI/IC DIALECTIC ( 
,FI*TE-,S*ELL+-,HEGEL74 

,ONLY ?OSE :O COMPLETELY OV]LOOK ?AT ,M>X'S 0PROLET>IAN 
DIALECTIC0 DIFF]S ESS5TIALLY FROM EV]Y O!R 7METAPHYSICAL & DIALECTICAL7 
MODE ( ?\<T1 & REPRES5TS ?AT SPECIFIC MODE ( ?\<T 9 :I* 
ALONE ! NEW CONT5T ( ! PROLET>IAN CLASS VIEWS =M$ 9 ! 
PROLET>IAN CLASS /RUGGLE CAN F9D A !ORETICAL-SCI5TIFIC EXPRESSION 
CORRESPOND+ TO ITS TRUE BE+2 ONLY ?OSE C\LD GET ! IDEA ?AT 
?IS DIALECTICAL MODE ( ?\<T1 AS IT REPRES5TS 0ONLY ! =M0 ( 
SCI5TIFIC SOCIALISM1 CONSEQU5TLY W\LD ALSO BE 0SOME?+ P]IPH]AL 
& 9DIFF]5T TO ! MATT]10 SO MU* SO ?AT ! SAME MAT]IAL 
CONT5T ( ?\<T C\LD BE AS WELL OR EV5 BETT] EXPRESS$ 9 ANO!R 
=M4 ,IT IS SOME?+ QUITE SIMIL> :5 C]TA9 CONTEMPOR>Y 
0,M>XI/S0 PUT =W>D ! NOTION ?AT ! PROLET>IAT C\LD WAGE ITS 
PRACTICAL /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! B\RGEOIS ECONOMIC1 SOCIAL & POLITICAL 
ORD] 9 O!R 0=MS0 ?AN ! B>B>IC UNCIVILIZ$ =M ( 
REVOLUTION>Y CLASS /RUGGLE4 ,OR :5 ! SAME PEOPLE FOOL !MSELVES 
& O!RS BY SAY+ ?AT ! PROLET>IAT C\LD A*IEVE ITS POSITIVE 
TASK1 ! REALIZATION ( ,COMMUNI/ SOCIETY1 BY MEANS O!R ?AN ! 
DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT1 = EXAMPLE1 BY MEANS ( ! B\RGEOIS 
/ATE & B\RGEOIS DEMOCRACY4 ,K>L ,M>X1 :O ALREADY 9 AN E>LY WORK 
HAD WRITT5 ! PROPOSITION1 0,=M HAS NO VALUE IF IT IS NOT ! =M 
( ITS CONT5T10 HIMSELF ?\<T AB\T !SE ?+S QUITE DIFF]5TLY4 
,LAT] ,M>X ALWAYS EMPHASIZ$ ANEW ?AT ! REAL UND]/&+ ( 
HI/ORICO-SOCIAL DEVELOPM5T 7I4E41 CONSCI\SLY REVOLUTION>Y 
UND]/&+ ?AT IS AT ! SAME TIME POSITIVE & NEGATIVE7 -?IS 
UND]/&+1 :I* CON/ITUT$ ! SPECIFIC ESS5CE ( 0SCI5TIFIC0 
SOCIALISM1 CAN ONLY BE BR\<T AB\T BY ! CONSCI\S APPLICATION ( 
! DIALECTICAL ME?OD4 ,( C\RSE1 ?IS NEW1 OR 0PROLET>IAN10 
DIALECTIC ON :I* ! SCI5TIFIC =M ( ,M>XISM IS F\ND$ DIFF]S 9 
! EXTREME1 NOT ONLY FROM ! ORD9>Y1 N>R[-M9D$ METAPHYSICAL WAY 
( ?9K+4 ,=1 IT IS ALSO 0QUITE DIFF]5T0 9 ITS FUNDAM5TAL 
POSITION FROM ! B\RGEOIS DIALECTIC :I* F\ND ITS MO/ 
COMPREH5SIVE =M 9 ! ,G]MAN PHILOSOPH] ,HEGEL1 & 9 A DEF9ITE 
S5SE IT IS EV5 ITS 0DIRECT OPPOSITE40 ,IT IS IMPRACTICABLE & 
SUP]FLU\S AT ?IS PO9T TO 5T] MORE DEEPLY 9TO ! MANIFOLD 
CONSEQU5CES ( !SE DIFF]5CES & CONTRA/S4 

,IT IS SUFFICI5T = \R PURPOSES ?AT !SE DIFF]5CES & 
CONTRA/S ?AT WE HAVE PO9T$ \T LEAD US BACK )\T EXCEPTION TO 
,M>X'S 0PROLET>IAN0 DIALECTIC AS JU/ ?AT =M 9 :I* ! 
REVOLUTION>Y CLASS MOVEM5T ( ! PROLET>IAT F9DS ITS APPROPRIATE 
!ORETICAL EXPRESSION4 ,IF ONE HAS UND]/OOD ?IS1 OR HAS JU/ ! 
FA9TE/ NOTION ( ! CONNECTION1 ONE CAN COMPREH5D IMM$IATELY A 
:OLE S]IES ( PH5OM5A O!RWISE DIFFICULT TO GRASP4 ,ONE UND]/&S 
:Y ! B\RGEOISIE ( TODAY HAS SO COMPLETELY =GOTT5 ! TIMES :5 
IT HAD TO FI<T AS ! 0?IRD E/ATE0 A T\< & H]OICALLY 
EV]-9CREAS+ CLASS /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! FEUDAL ECONOMIC ORD] & 
ITS POLITICAL-IDEOLOGICAL SUP]/RUCTURE 7>I/OCRACY & *UR*71 & 
:5 ITS SPOKESMAN1 ! ,ABBE ,SIEYES1 HURL$ AGA9/ ! RUL+ SOCIAL 
ORD] ! QUITE 0DIALECTICAL0 \TBUR/3 0,:AT IS ! ?IRD E/ATE8 
,EV]Y?+4 ,:AT IS IT 9 ! EXI/+ ORD]8 ,NO?+4 ,:AT DOES IT 
DEM&8 ,TO BE SOME?+40 ,S9CE ! FEUDAL /ATE HAS FALL5 & ! 
B\RGEOIS CLASS HAS BECOME NOT ONLY SOME?+ 9 ! B\RGEOIS /ATE1 
BUT EV]Y?+1 !RE >E ONLY TWO POSITIONS 9 QUE/ION ON ! PROBLEM 
( DIALECTICS = ! B\RGEOISIE TODAY4 ,EI!R ! DIALECTIC IS A 
/&PO9T TODAY COMPLETELY \T-(-DATE1 ONLY HI/ORICALLY RESPECTABLE 
AS A K9D ( L(TY MADNESS ( PHILOSOPHICAL ?\<T TRANSC5D+ ITS 
NATURAL B>RI]S1 TO :I* A REALI/IC MAN & GOOD BUR<] \<T UND] 
NO CIRCUM/ANCES BE A P>TY4 ,OR ! DIALECTICAL MOVEM5T MU/ EV5 
TODAY1 & = ALL ! FUTURE1 MAKE A HALT AT ?AT ABSOLUTE 5D PO9T 
AT :I* ! LA/ REVOLUTION>Y PHILOSOPH] ( ! B\RGEOIS CLASS1 ! 
PHILOSOPH] ,HEGEL1 ONCE MADE IT COME TO HALT4 ,IT MU/ 9 ITS CONCEPTS 
NOT CROSS ?OSE BORD]S :I* B\RGEOIS SOCIETY LIKEWISE CANNOT CROSS 
)\T NEGAT+ ITSELF4 ,ITS LA/ WORD1 ! GREAT ALL-EMBRAC+ 
SYN!SIS1 9 :I* ALL OPPOSITES >E DISSOLV$1 OR CAN BE DISSOLV$1 
IS ! /ATE4 ,OPPOSITE ?IS B\RGEOIS /ATE1 :I* 9 ITS COMPLETE 
DEVELOPM5T EXEMPLIFIES ! COMPLETE FULFILLM5T ( ALL B\RGEOIS 
9T]E/S & IS !RE=E ALSO ! F9AL GOAL ( ! B\RGEOIS CLASS 
/RUGGLE1 !RE IS CONSEQU5TLY NO O!R DIALECTICAL ANTI!SIS TO 
B\RGEOIS CONSCI\SNESS1 NO IRRECONCILABLE OPPOSITE4 ,:OEV] MAY YET 
OPPOSE ?IS ABSOLUTE FULFILLM5T ( ! B\RGEOIS IDEA 9 PRACTICE & 
!ORY DEP>TS FROM ! HALL[$ CIRCLE ( ! B\RGEOIS WORLD2 HE PUTS 
HIMSELF \TSIDE B\RGEOIS LAW1 \TSIDE B\RGEOIS FRE$OM & B\RGEOIS 
PEACE1 & !RE=E ALSO \TSIDE ( ALL B\RGEOIS PHILOSOPHY & 
SCI5CE4 ,ONE UND]/&S :Y AS F> AS CONC]NS ?IS B\RGEOIS 
/&PO9T1 :I* ORDA9S CONTEMPOR>Y B\RGEOIS SOCIETY AS ! SOLE 
?9KABLE & POSSIBLE =M ( SOCIAL LIFE = HUMANITY1 ! 0IDEALI/ 
DIALECTIC0 ( ,HEGEL1 :I* F9DS ITS IDEAL CONCLUSION 9 ! IDEA ( 
! B\RGEOIS /ATE1 MU/ BE ! ONLY POSSIBLE & ?9KABLE =M ( 
DIALECTIC4 ,YET LIKEWISE1 & UND]/&ABLY SO1 ?IS 0IDEALI/ 
DIALECTIC0 ( ! B\RGEOISIE IS NO LONG] ( VALUE TO ?AT O!R CLASS 
)9 CONTEMPOR>Y B\RGEOIS SOCIETY :I* IS DRIV5 DIRECTLY TO 
REBELLION AGA9/ ?IS :OLE B\RGEOIS WORLD & ITS B\RGEOIS /ATE BY 
0ABSOLUTELY COMPELL+ NE$ :I* CAN NO LONG] BE D5I$ OR 
DISGUIS$-! PRACTICAL EXPRESSION ( NECESSITY40 ,9 ITS :OLE MAT]IAL 
CONDITIONS ( LIFE1 9 ITS :OLE MAT]IAL BE+1 ?IS CLASS ALREADY 
TRULY EXPRESSES ! =MAL ANTI!SIS1 ! ABSOLUTE OPPOSITION TO ?IS 
B\RGEOIS SOCIETY & ITS B\RGEOIS /ATE4 ,= ?IS CLASS1 CREAT$ 
)9 B\RGEOIS SOCIETY ?R\< ! 9N] ME*ANISM ( DEVELOPM5T ( 
PRIVATE PROP]TY ITSELF1 0?R\< AN 9DEP5D5T & UNCONSCI\S 
DEVELOPM5T BY ! V]Y NATURE ( ! MATT] PROCE$$ AGA9/ ITS 
WILL0 -= ?IS CLASS1 ! REVOLUTION>Y AIM & ACTIONS >E 0OBVI\SLY 
& IRREVOCABLY 9DICAT$ BY ITS [N CONDITIONS ( LIFE AS WELL AS BY 
! :OLE ORGANIZATION ( CONTEMPOR>Y B\RGEOIS SOCIETY40 ,! VALUE ( 
A NEW REVOLUTION>Y DIALECTIC ?AT IS NO LONG] B\RGEOIS-IDEALI/1 BUT 
IS RA!R PROLET>IAN-MAT]IALI/ FOLL[S !RE=E ) EQUAL 
NECESSITY FROM ?IS SOCIAL LIFE-SITUATION4 ,BECAUSE ! 0IDEALI/ 
DIALECTIC0 ( ! B\RGEOISIE TRANSC5DS ! MAT]IAL OPPOSITES ( 
0WEAL?0 & 0POV]TY0 EXI/+ 9 B\RGEOIS SOCIETY ONLY 09 ! 
IDEA10 NAMELY 9 ! IDEA ( A PURE1 DEMOCRATIC1 B\RGEOIS /ATE1 !SE 
0IDEALLY0 TRANSC5D$ OPPOSITIONS CONT9UE TO EXI/ UNRESOLV$ 9 
0MAT]IAL0 SOCIAL REALITY :]E !Y EV5 CONT9UALLY 9CREASE 9 
EXT5T & SEV]ITY4 ,9 CONTRA/ !RETO /&S ! ESS5CE ( ! NEW 
0MAT]IALI/ DIALECTIC0 ( ! PROLET>IAT :I* REALLY ABOLI%ES ! 
MAT]IAL OPPOSITION BETWE5 B\RGEOIS WEAL? 70CAPITAL07 & 
PROLET>IAN MIS]Y ?R\< ! SUP]SESSION ( ?IS B\RGEOIS CLASS 
SOCIETY & ITS B\RGEOIS CLASS /ATE BY ! MAT]IAL REALITY ( ! 
CLASSLESS ,COMMUNI/ SOCIETY4 ,! MAT]IALI/ DIALECTIC !RE=E =MS 
! NECESS>Y ME?ODOLOGICAL F\NDATION = 0SCI5TIFIC SOCIALISM0 AS 
! 0!ORETICAL EXPRESSION0 ( ! PROLET>IAN CLASS'S HI/ORICAL 
/RUGGLE = LIB]ATION4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #a1 #bba 3 ,! ,M>XI/ ,DIALECTIC -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #h1 #bbb 3 ,! ,M>XI/ ,DIALECTIC -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/