,! ,MASS ,PSY*OLOGY ( ,MIS]Y 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,JOHN ,Z]ZAN 

,TEXT 3 

,QUITE A :ILE AGO1 JU/ BE=E ! UPHEAVALS ( ! '#fS-%IFTS ?AT HAVE NOT CEAS$1 BUT HAVE BE5 =C$ 9 LESS DIRECT1 LESS PUBLIC DIRECTIONS -- ,M>CUSE 9 HIS ,ONE-,DIM5SIONAL ,MAN1 DESCRIB$ A POPULACE *>ACT]IZ$ BY FLATT5$ P]SONALITY1 SATISFI$ & CONT5T4 ,) ! P]VASIVE ANGUI% ( TODAY1 :O C\LD BE SO DESCRIB$8 ,!RE9 LIES A DEEP1 IF 9*OATE CRITIQUE4 

,MU* !ORIZ+ HAS ANN\NC$ ! ]OSION ( 9DIVIDUALITY'S LA/ REMNANTS2 BUT IF ?IS W]E SO1 IF SOCIETY N[ CONSI/S ( ! ?OR\<LY HOMOG5IZ$ & DOME/ICAT$1 H[ CAN !RE REMA9 ! 5DUR+ T5SION :I* MU/ ACC\NT = SU* LEVELS ( PA9 & LOSS8 ,MORE & MORE PEOPLE ,I HAVE KN[N HAVE CRACK$ UP4 ,IT'S GO+ ON TO A /AGG]+ DEGREE1 9 A CONTEXT ( G5]ALIZ$1 SEV]E EMOTIONAL DISEASE-EASE4 

,M>X PR$ICT$1 ]RONE\SLY1 ?AT A DEEP5+ MAT]IAL IMMIS]ATION W\LD LEAD TO REVOLT & TO CAPITAL'S D[NFALL4 ,MI<T IT NOT BE ?AT AN 9CREAS+ PSY*IC SUFF]+ IS ITSELF LEAD+ TO ! REOP5+ ( REVOLT -- 9DE$1 ?AT ?IS MAY EV5 BE ! LA/ HOPE ( RESI/ANCE8 

,& YET IT IS OBVI\S ?AT 0M]E0 SUFF]+ IS NO GU>ANTEE ( ANY?+4 0,DESIRE DOES NOT 'WANT' REVOLUTION1 IT IS REVOLUTION>Y 9 ITS [N RI<T10 AS ,DELEUZE & ,GUATT>I PO9T$ \T1 :ILE FUR!R ON 9 ,ANTI-,O$IPUS1 REMEMB]+ FASCISM1 NOT+ ?AT PEOPLE HAVE DESIR$ AGA9/ !IR [N 9T]E/S1 & ?AT TOL]ANCE ( HUMILIATION & 5SLAVEM5T REMA9S WIDESPREAD4 

,WE KN[ ?AT BEH9D PSY*IC REPRESSION & AVOIDANCE /&S SOCIAL REPRESSION1 EV5 AS MASSIVE D5IAL %[S AT LEA/ SOME SIGNS ( GIV+ WAY TO A NECESS>Y CONFRONTATION ) REALITY 9 ALL ( ITS DIM5SIONS4 ,AW>5ESS ( ! SOCIAL MU/ NOT MEAN IGNOR+ ! P]SONAL1 = ?AT W\LD ONLY REPEAT1 9 ITS [N T]MS1 ! MA9 ]ROR ( PSY*OLOGY4 ,IF 9 ! NI<TM>E ( TODAY EA* ( US HAS HIS OR H] FE>S & LIMITATIONS1 !RE IS NO LIB]AT+ R\TE ?AT =GETS ! PRIMACY ( ! :OLE1 9CLUD+ H[ ?AT :OLE EXI/S 9 EA* ( US4 

,/RESS1 LONEL9ESS1 DEPRESSION1 BOR$OM-! MADNESS ( EV]YDAY LIFE4 ,EV]-GREAT] LEVELS ( SADNESS1 IMPLY+ A RECOGNITION1 ON ! VISC]AL LEVEL AT LEA/1 ?AT ?+S C\LD BE DIFF]5T4 ,H[ MU* JOY IS !RE LEFT 9 ! TE*NOLOGICAL SOCIETY1 ?IS FIELD ( ALI5ATION & ANXIETY8 ,M5TAL HEAL? EPIDEMIOLOGI/S SUSPECT ?AT NO MORE ?AN TW5TY P]C5T ( US >E FREE ( PSY*OPA?OLOGICAL SYMPTOMS4 ,?US WE ACT \T A 0PA?OLOGY ( NORMALCY0 M>K$ BY ! *RONIC PSY*IC IMPOV]I%M5T ( A QUALITATIVELY UNHEAL?Y SOCIETY4 

,>?UR ,B>SKY'S ,WORRI$ ,SICK 7#a#i#h#h7 DIAGNOSES AN ,AM]ICAN CONDITION :]E1 DESPITE ALL ! M$ICAL 0ADVANCES10 ! POPULATION HAS NEV] FELT SU* A 0CON/ANT NE$ = M$ICAL C>E40 ,! CRISIS ( ! FAMILY & ( P]SONAL LIFE 9 G5]AL SEES TO IT ?AT ! PURSUIT ( HEAL?1 & EMOTIONAL HEAL? 9 P>TICUL>1 HAS REA*$ TRULY 9DU/RIAL PROPORTIONS4 ,A WORK-LIFE 9CREAS+LY TOXIC1 9 EV]Y S5SE ( ! WORD1 JO9S ) ! DIS9TEGRATION ( ! FAMILY TO FUEL ! SO>+ GR[? ( ! CORPORATE 9DU/RIAL HEAL? MA*9E4 ,BUT = A PUBLIC 9 ITS MIS]Y DRAMATICALLY MORE 9T]E/$ 9 HEAL? C>E ?AN EV] BE=E1 ! DOM9ANT MODEL ( M$ICAL C>E IS CLE>LY ONLY P>T ( ! PROBLEM1 NOT ITS SOLUTION4 ,?US ,?OMAS ,BITTK] WRITES ( 0,! ,9DU/RIALIZATION ( ,AM]ICAN ,PSY*IATRY0 7,AM]ICAN ,J\RNAL ( ,PSY*IATRY1 ,FEBRU>Y #a#i#h#e7 & ,G9A ,KOLATA DISCUSSES H[ MU* DI/RU/ ( DOCTORS EXI/S1 AS M$IC9E IS SE5 AS JU/ ANO!R BUS9ESS 7,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,FEBRU>Y #b1 #a#i#i74 

,! M5TAL DISORD] ( GO+ ALONG ) ?+S AS !Y >E IS N[ TREAT$ ALMO/ 5TIRELY BY BIO*EMICALS1 TO R$UCE ! 9DIVIDUAL'S CONSCI\SNESS ( SOCIALLY 9DUC$ ANGUI%4 ,TRANQUILIZ]S >E N[ ! WORLD'S MO/ WIDELY PRESCRIB$ DRUGS1 & ANTI-DEPRESSANTS SET RECORD SALES AS WELL4 ,TEMPOR>Y RELIEF-DESPITE SIDE-EFFECTS & ADDICTIVE PROP]TIES-IS EASILY OBTA9$1 :ILE WE >E ALL GR\ND D[N A LITTLE MORE4 ,! BURD5 ( SIMPLY GETT+ BY IS 0,:Y ,ALL ,?OSE ,PEOPLE ,FEEL ,!Y ,NEV] ,HAVE ,ANY ,TIME10 ACCORD+ TO ,TRI% ,HALL 7,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,JANU>Y #b1 #a#i#h#h71 :O CONCLUD$ ?AT 0EV]YBODY JU/ SEEMS TO FEEL WORN \T0 BY IT ALL4 

,AN ,OCTOB] '#h#i ,GALLUP POLL F\ND ?AT /RESS-RELAT$ ILLNESS IS BECOM+ ! LEAD+ HAZ>D 9 ! NATION'S WORKPLACES1 & A MON? LAT] AN ALMO/ FIVE-FOLD 9CREASE 9 ,CALI=NIA /RESS-RELAT$ DISABILITY CLAIMS WAS REPORT$ TO HAVE OCCURR$ BETWE5 #aihb & #a#i#h#f4 ,MORE REC5T FIGURES E/IMATE ?AT ALMO/ TWO-?IRDS ( NEW CASES 9 EMPLOYEE ASSI/ANCE PROGRAMS REPRES5T PSY*IATRIC OR /RESS SYMPTOMS4 ,9 HIS ,MOD]N ,MADNESS 7#a#i#h#f71 ,D\GLAS ,LA ,BI] ASK$1 0,:AT IS IT AB\T WORK TODAY ?AT CAN CAUSE SU* H>M80 

,P>T ( ! ANSW] IS F\ND 9 A GR[+ LIT]ATURE ?AT REVEALS ! ,9=MATION ,AGE 0(FICE ( TOMORR[0 TO BE NO BETT] ?AN ! SWEAT%OP ( YE/]YE>4 ,9 FACT1 COMPUT]IZATION 9TRODUCES A NEO-,TAYLORI/ MONITOR+ ( WORK ?AT SURPASSES ALL E>LI] MANAGEM5T CONTROL TE*NIQUES4 ,! 0TE*NOLOGICAL :IP0 N[ 9CREAS+LY HELD OV] :ITE-COLL> WORK]S PROMPT$ ,CURT ,SUPPLEE1 9 A ,JANU>Y '#i ,WA%+TON ,PO/ >TICLE1 TO JUDGE1 0,WE HAVE SE5 ! FUTURE1 & IT HURTS40 ,A FEW MON?S E>LI] ,SUE ,MILL] WROTE 9 ! ,BALTIMORE ,EV5+ ,SUN ( ANO!R P>T ( ! JOB BURN\T PICTURE1 REF]R+ TO A NATIONAL CL9ICAL PSY*OLOGY /UDY ?AT DET]M9$ ?AT NO LESS ?AN A /AGG]+ #ic P]C5T ( ,AM]ICAN WOM5 0>E CAU<T UP 9 A BLUES EPIDEMIC40 

,MEAN:ILE1 ! SUICIDE & HOMICIDE RATES >E RIS+ 9 ! ,U4,S4 & EI<TY P]C5T ( ! POPULACE ADMIT TO HAV+ AT LEA/ ?\<T ( SUICIDE4 ,TE5AGE SUICIDE HAS RIS5 5ORM\SLY 9 ! PA/ ?REE DECADES1 & ! NUMB] ( TE5S LOCK$ UP 9 M5TAL W>DS HAS SO>$ S9CE #a#i#g4 ,SO V]Y MANY WAYS TO GAUGE ! PA93 S]I\S OBESITY AMONG *ILDR5 HAS 9CREAS$ MORE ?AN FIFTY P]C5T 9 ! LA/ FIFTE5 TO TW5TY YE>S2 SEV]E EAT+ DISORD]S 7BULIMIA & ANOREXIA7 AMONG COLLEGE WOM5 >E N[ RELATIVELY COMMON2 SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION IS WIDESPREAD2 ! 9CID5CE ( PANIC & ANXIETY ATTACKS IS RIS+ TO ! PO9T ( POSSIBLY OV]TAK+ DEPRESSION AS \R MO/ G5]AL PSY*OLOGICAL MALADY2 ISOLATION & A S5SE ( MEAN+LESSNESS CONT9UE TO MAKE EV5 ABSURD CULTS & ,I,V EVANGELISM SEEM ATTRACTIVE TO MANY4 

,! LITANY ( CULTURAL SYMPTOMATICS IS VIRTUALLY 5DLESS4 ,DESPITE ITS G5]ALLY ESCAPI/ FUNCTION1 EV5 MU* ( CONTEMPOR>Y FILM REFLECTS ! MALAISE2 SEE ,ROB]T ,PHILLIP ,KOLK]'S ,A ,C9EMA ( ,LONEL9ESS3 ,P5N1 ,KUBRICK1 ,SCORSESE4 ,SPIELB]G1 ,ALTMAN1 = EXAMPLE4 ,& MANY REC5T NOVELS >E EV5 MORE UNFL9*+ 9 !IR DEPICTION ( ! DESOLATION -- & DEGRADATION ( SOCIETY1 & ! BURN\T ( Y\? 9 P>TICUL>1 E4G4 ,BRET ,EA/ON ,ELLIS' ,LESS ,?AN ,Z]O1 ,F]D ,PFAIL'S ,GOODMAN #b#b1 & ,! ,KNOCK\T ,>TI/ BY ,H>RY ,CREWS1 TO M5TION JU/ A FEW4 

,9 ?IS CONTEXT ( IMMIS]ATION1 :AT IS HAPP5+ TO PREVAIL+ VALUES & MORES IS ( SIGNAL 9T]E/ 9 FUR!R SITUAT+ \R 0MASS PSY*OLOGY0 & ITS SIGNIFICANCE4 ,!RE >E PL5TY ( SIGNS ?AT ! DEM& = 09/ANT GRATIFICATION0 IS MORE & MORE 9SI/5T1 BR++ ) IT \TRAG$ LAM5TATIONS FROM BO? LEFT & RI<T & A FUR!R CORROSION ( ! /RUCTURE ( REPRESSION4 

,CR$IT C>D FRAUD1 *IEFLY ! DELIB]ATE RUNN+ UP ( BILLS1 REA*$ ! BILLION-&-A-HALF-DOLL> LEVEL 9 #aihh AS ! P]SONAL BANKRUPTCY SOLUTION TO DEBT1 :I* D\BL$ BETWE5 #aih & #a#i#i4 ,DEFAULTS ON F$]AL /UD5T LOANS MORE ?AN QUADRUPL$ FROM #aihc TO #a#i#h#i4 

,9 ,NOVEMB] '#h#i1 9 A TOTALLY UNPREC$5T$ ACTION1 ! ,U4,S4 ,NAVY WAS =C$ TO SUSP5D OP]ATIONS WORLD-WIDE = #dh H\RS [+ TO A RA% ( ACCID5TS 9VOLV+ DEA?S & 9JURIES OV] ! PREC$+ ?REE WEEKS4 ,A TOTAL SAFETY REVIEW WAS 9VOLV$ 9 ! MORATORIUM1 :I* R5EW$ DISCUSSION ( DRUG ABUSE1 ABS5TEEISM1 UNQUALIFI$ P]SONNEL1 & O!R PROBLEMS ?REAT5+ ! ,NAVY'S V]Y CAPACITY TO FUNCTION4 

,MEAN:ILE1 LEVELS ( EMPLOYEE !FT REA* EV] HI<] LEVELS4 ,9 #aihi ! ,DALLAS ,POLICE ,DEP>TM5T REPORT$ A #bi P]C5T 9CREASE 9 RETAIL %R9KAGE OV] ! PREVI\S FIVE YE>S1 & A NATIONAL SURVEY CONDUCT$ BY ,LONDON ,H\SE SAID #fb P]C5T ( FA/-FOOD EMPLOYES ADMITT$ /EAL+ FROM EMPLOY]S4 ,9 E>LY #aii ! ,F,B,I DISCLOS$ ?AT %OPLIFT+ WAS UP #ce P]C5T S9CE #a#i#h#d1 CUTT+ HEAVILY 9TO RETAIL PR(ITS4 

,NOVEMB] #aihh BROKE A =TY-YE> M>K = L[ VOT] TURN\T1 CONT9U+ A D[NW>D DIRECTION 9 ELECTORAL P>TICIPATION ?AT HAS PLAGU$ PRESID5TIAL ELECTIONS S9CE #a#i#f4 ,AV]AGE COLLEGE 5TRANCE EXAM 7,S,A,T7 SCORES DECL9$ ?R\<\T ! '#gS & E>LY '#hS1 !N REB\ND$ V]Y SLI<TLY1 & 9 #aihh CONT9U$ TO FALL4 ,AT ! BEG9N+ ( ! '#hS ,>?UR ,LEV9'S PORTRAIT ( COLLEGE /UD5TS1 ,:5 ,DREAMS & ,H]OES ,DI$1 REC\NT$ 0A G5]ALIZ$ CYNICISM & LACK ( TRU/10 :ILE AT ! 5D ( ! DECADE ,ROB]T ,NISBET'S ,! ,PRES5T ,AGE3 ,PROGRESS & ,AN>*Y 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA DECRI$ ! DISA/R\S EFFECTS ?AT ! Y\NG] G5]ATION'S ATTITUDE ( 0HANG+ LOOSE0 WAS HAV+ ON ! SY/EM4 ,GEORGE ,F4 ,WILL1 = HIS P>T1 REM9D$ US ALL ?AT SOCIAL >RANGEM5TS1 9CLUD+ ! AU?ORITY ( ! GOV]NM5T1 RE/ 0ON A WILL+NESS ( ! PUBLIC TO BELIEVE 9 !M10 & ,H>V>D ECONOMI/ ,H>VEY ,LIEB5/E9'S ,9SIDE ! ,FIRM E*O$ HIM 9 /RESS+ ?AT COMPANIES MU/ DEP5D ON ! K9D ( WORK !IR EMPLOYES WANT TO DO4 

,! NATION'S HI< S*OOLS N[ GRADUATE B>ELY SEV5TY P]C5T ( /UD5TS :O 5T] AS FRE%MAN1 DESPITE MASSIVE FOCUS ON ! DROP\T RATE PROBLEM4 ,AS ,MI*AEL DE ,C\RCY ,H9DS PUT IT 7,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ,FEBRU>Y #a#g1 #a#i#i71 0,U4,S4 $UCATORS >E TRY+ ALMO/ ANY?+ TO KEEP *ILDR5 9 S*OOL10 :ILE AN EV5 MORE FUNDAM5TAL PH5OM5ON IS ! RIS+ NUMB] ( PEOPLE ( ALL AGES UNWILL+ TO LE>N TO READ & WRITE4 ,DAVID ,H>MAN 7,ILLIT]ACY3 ,A ,NATIONAL ,DILEMMA1 #a#i#h#g7 GAVE VOICE TO H[ BAFFL+ ! SITUATION IS1 ASK+ :Y HAS ! ACQUISITION ( SU* SKILLS1 0SEEM+LY SO SIMPLE1 BE5 SO EVASIVE80 

,! ANSW] MAY BE ?AT ILLIT]ACY1 LIKE S*OOL+1 IS 9CREAS+LY SE5 TO BE VALU$ M]ELY = ITS CONTRIBUTION TO ! WORKPLACE4 ,! REFUSAL ( LIT]ACY IS BUT ANO!R SIGN ( A DEEP TURN-(F FROM ! SY/EM1 P>T ( ! SPREAD+ DISAFFECTION4 ,9 MID-#a#i#h#h A ,HOOP] SURVEY 9DICAT$ ?AT WORK N[ RANKS EI<? \T ( T5 ON A SCALE ( IMPORTANT SATISFACTIONS 9 LIFE1 & #aihi %[$ ! L[E/ ANNUAL PRODUCTIVITY GR[? S9CE ! #a#i#h#a-#h#c RECESSION4 ,! DRUG 0EPIDEMIC10 :I* CO/ ! GOV]NM5T ALMO/ @s#b#e BILLION TO COMBAT 9 ! '#hS1 ?REAT5S SOCIETY MO/ ACUTELY AT ! LEVEL ( ! REFUSAL ( WORK & SACRIFICE4 ,!RE IS NO 0W> ON DRUGS0 ?AT CAN T\* ! SITUATION :ILE AT ! SAME TIME DEF5D+ ?IS L&SCAPE ( PA9 & FALSE VALUES4 ,! NE$ = ESCAPE GR[S /RONG] & ! SICK SOCIAL ORD] FEELS CONSEQU5T DES]TION1 ! /EADY CORROSION ( ALL ?AT HOLDS IT UP4 

,UN=TUNATELY1 ! BIGGE/ 0ESCAPE0 ( ALL IS ONE ?AT S]VES1 9 ! MA91 TO PRES]VE ! DI/ORT$ PRES5T3 :AT ,S5NETT HAS CALL$ 0! 9CREAS+ IMPORTANCE ( PSY*OLOGY 9 B\RGEOIS LIFE40 ,?IS 9CLUDES ! EXTRAORD9>Y PROLIF]ATION ( NEW K9DS ( !RAPY S9CE ! '#fS1 & BEH9D ?IS PH5OM5ON ! RISE ( PSY*OLOGY AS ! PR$OM9ANT RELIGION4 ,9 ! ,PSY*OLOGICAL ,SOCIETY ! 9DIVIDUAL SEES HIMSELF AS A PROBLEM4 ,?IS IDEOLOGY CON/ITUTES A PREEM95T SOCIAL IMPRISONM5T1 BECAUSE IT D5IES ! SOCIAL2 PSY*OLOGY REFUSES TO CONSID] ?AT SOCIETY AS A :OLE %>ES FUNDAM5TAL RESPONSIBILITY = ! CONDITIONS PRODUC$ 9 EV]Y HUMAN BE+4 

,! RAMIFICATIONS ( ?IS IDEOLOGY CAN BE SE5 ON ALL SIDES4 ,= 9/ANCE1 ! ADVICE TO ?OSE BESIEG$ BY WORK /RESS TO 0TAKE A DEEP BREA?1 LAU<1 WALK IT (F10 ETC4 ,OR ! MORALIZ+ EXHORTATIONS TO RECYCLE1 AS IF A P]SONAL E?ICS ( CONSUMPTION IS A REAL ANSW] TO ! GLOBAL ECO-CRISIS CAUS$ BY 9DU/RIAL PRODUCTION4 ,OR ! #aii ,CALI=NIA ,TASK ,=CE TO ,PROMOTE ,SELF-,E/EEM AS A SOLUTION TO ! MAJOR SOCIAL BREAKD[N 9 ?AT /ATE4 

,AT ! V]Y C5T] ( CONTEMPOR>Y LIFE1 ?IS \TLOOK LEGITIMATES ALI5ATION1 LONEL9ESS1 DESPAIR1 & ANXIETY4 BECAUSE IT CANNOT SEE ! CONTEXT = \R MALAISE4 ,IT PRIVATIZES DI/RESS1 & SUGGE/S ?AT ONLY NONSOCIAL RESPONSES >E ATTA9ABLE4 ,?IS 0BOTTOMLESS FRAUD ( M]E 9W>DNESS10 9 ,ADORNO'S WORDS1 P]VADES EV]Y ASPECT ( ,AM]ICAN LIFE1 MY/IFY+ EXP]I5CE & ?US P]PETUAT+ OPPRESSION4 

,! WIDESPREAD ALLEGIANCE TO A !RAPEUTIC WORLD VIEW CON/ITUTES A CULTURE TYRANNIZ$ BY ! !RAPEUTIC 9 :I*1 9 ! NAME ( M5TAL HEAL?1 WE >E GETT+ M5TAL DISEASE4 ,) ! EXP&+ 9FLU5CE ( BEHAVIORAL EXP]TS1 P[]LESSNESS & E/RANGEM5T EXP& AS WELL2 MOD]N LIFE MU/ BE 9T]PRET$ = US BY ! NEW EXP]TIZE & ITS POPUL>IZ]S4 

,GAIL ,%EEHY'S ,PASSAGES 7#a#i#g#g71 = EXAMPLE1 CONSID]S LIFE DEVELOPM5TS )\T REF]5CE TO ANY SOCIAL OR HI/ORICAL CONTEXT1 !REBY VITIAT+ H] CONC]N = ! 0FREE & AUTONOM\S SELF40 ,>LIE ,RUSSELL ,HO*S*ILD'S ,MANAG$ ,HE>T 7#a#i#h#c7 FOCUSES ON ! 0COMM]CIALIZATION ( HUMAN FEEL+S0 9 AN 9CREAS+LY S]VICE-SECTOR ECONOMY1 & MANAGES TO AVOID ANY QUE/ION+ ( ! TOTALITY BY REMA9+ IGNORANT ( ! FACT ( CLASS SOCIETY & ! UNHAPP9ESS IT PRODUCES4 ,:5 ,SOCIETY ,BECOMES AN ,ADDICT 7#a#i#h#g7 IS ,ANNE ,WILSON ,S*AEF'S COMPLETELY 9COH]5T ATTEMPT TO D5Y1 DESPITE ! TITLE1 ! EXI/5CE ( SOCIETY1 BY DEAL+ /RICTLY ) ! 9T]P]SONAL4 ,& !SE BOOKS >E AMONG ! LEA/ ESCAPI/ ( ! AVALAN*E ( 0H[-TO0 !RAPY BOOKS 9UNDAT+ ! BOOK/ORES & SUP]M>KETS4 

,IT IS CLE> ?AT PSY*OLOGY IS P>T ( ! ABS5CE ( COMMUNITY OR SOLID>ITY1 & ( ! ACCEL]AT+ SOCIAL DIS9TEGRATION4 ,! EMPHASIS IS ON *ANG+ ONE'S P]SONALITY1 & AVOID+ AT ALL CO/S ! FACTS ( BUREAUCRATIC CONSUM] CAPITALISM & ITS MEAN+ TO \R LIVES & CONSCI\SNESS4 ,CONSID] ,SAMUEL ,KL>REI*'S ,/RESS ,SOLUTION 7#a#i#h#h73 0444,I BELIEVE ?AT WE CAN L>GELY DET]M9E :AT WILL BE /RESSFUL4 & H[ MU* IT WILL 9T]F]E ) \R LIVES1 BY ! VIEWS WE UPHOLD IRRESPECTIVE ( :AT GOES ON 9 ! WORKPLACE40 ,UND] ! SIGN ( PRODUCTIVITY1 ! CITIZ5 IS N[ TRA9$ AS A LIFELONG 9MATE ( AN 9DU/RIAL WORLD1 A CONDITION1 AS ,IVAN ,ILLI* NOT$1 NOT UNRELAT$ TO ! FACT ?AT EV]YONE T5DS T[>D ! CONDITION ( !RAPY'S PATI5T1 OR AT LEA/ T5DS TO ACCEPT ITS WORLD-VIEW4 

,9 ! ,PSY*OLOGICAL ,SOCIETY1 SOCIAL CONFLICTS ( ALL K9DS >E AUTOMATICALLY %IFT$ TO ! LEVEL ( PSY*IC PROBLEMS1 9 ORD] ?AT !Y CAN BE *>G$ TO 9DIVIDUALS AS PRIVATE MATT]S4 ,S*OOL+ PRODUCES NE>-UNIV]SAL RESI/ANCE1 :I* IS CLASSIFI$1 = EXAMPLE1 AS 0HYP]K9ESIS0 & DEALT ) BY DRUGS &_/OR PSY*IATRIC IDEOLOGY4 ,RA!R ?AN RECOGNIZE ! *ILD'S PROTE/1 HIS OR H] LIFE IS 9VAD$ /ILL FUR!R1 TO 5SURE ?AT NO ONE ELUDES ! !RAPEUTIC NET4 

,IT IS CLE> ?AT A RETREAT FROM ! SOCIAL1 BAS$ L>GELY ON ! EXP]I5CE ( DEFEAT & CONSEQU5T RESIGNATION1 PROMOTES ! P]SONAL AS ! ONLY POSSIBLE T]RA9 ( AU!NTICITY4 ,A DESP]ATE D5IZ5 ( ! 0S+LES WORLD0 IS QUOT$ BY ,L\ISE ,BANIK[3 0,MY AMBITION IS :OLLY P]SONAL N[4 ,ALL ,I WANT TO DO IS FALL 9 LOVE40 ,BUT ! DEM& = FULFILLM5T1 H[EV] CIRCUMSCRIB$ BY PSY*OLOGY1 IS ?AT ( A RAV5+ HUNG] & A LEVEL ( SUFF]+ ?AT ?REAT5 TO BUR/ ! BONDS ( ! PRESCRIB$ 9N] WORLD4 ,AS NOT$ ABOVE1 9DIFF]5CE TO AU?ORITY1 DI/RU/ ( 9/ITUTIONS1 & A SPREAD+ NIHILISM MEAN ?AT ! !RAPEUTIC CAN NEI!R SATISFY ! 9DIVIDUAL NOR ULTIMATELY SAFEGU>D ! SOCIAL ORD]4 ,TOYNBEE NOT$ ?AT A DECAD5T CULTURE FUR!RS ! RISE ( A NEW *UR* ?AT EXT5DS HOPE TO ! PROLET>IAT :ILE S]VIC+ ONLY ! NE$S ( ! RUL+ CLASS4 ,P]HAPS SOON] ?AN LAT] ,PEOPLE WILL BEG9 TO REALIZE ?AT PSY*OLOGY IS ?IS ,*UR*1 :I* MAY BE ! REASON :Y SO MANY VOICES ( !RAPY N[ ,C\NSEL !IR FLOCKS AGA9/ 0UNREALI/IC EXPECTATIONS0 ( :AT LIFE C\LD BE4 

,= OV] HALF A C5TURY ! REGULATIVE1 HI]>*ICAL NE$S ( A BUREAUCRATIC-CONSUM]I/ SY/EM HAVE S\<T MOD]N MEANS ( CONTROL & PR$ICTION4 ,! SAME CONSOLATORY IDEOLOGY ( ! PSY*OLOGICAL \TLOOK1 9 :I* ! SELF IS ! OV]->*+ =M ( REALITY1 HAS S]V$ !SE CONTROL NE$S & [ES MO/ ( ITS ASSUMPTIONS TO ,SIGMUND ,FREUD4 

,= ,FREUD & HIS ,WAGN]IAN !ORY ( W>R+ 9/9CTS & ! >BITR>Y DIVISION ( ! SELF 9TO ID1 EGO & SUP]EGO1 ! PASSIONS ( ! 9DIVIDUAL W]E PRIMORDIAL & DANG]\S4 ,! WORK ( CIVILIZATION WAS TO *ECK & H>NESS !M4 ,! :OLE $IFICE ( PSY*OANALYSIS1 ,FREUD SAID1 IS BAS$ UPON ! !ORY ( NECESS>Y REPRESSION2 DOM9ATION IS OBVI\SLY ASSI/$ BY ?IS VIEW4 ,?AT HUMAN CULTURE IS E/ABLI%$ ONLY BY MEANS ( SUFF]+1 ?AT CON/ANT R5UNCIATION ( DESIRE IS 9EVITABLE = CONT9UANCE ( CIVILIZATION1 ?AT WORK IS SU/A9$ BY ! 5]GY ( /IFL$ LOVE-ALL ?IS IS REQUIR$ BY ! 0NATURAL AGGRESSIV5ESS0 ( 0HUMAN NATURE10 ! LATT] AN ET]NAL & UNIV]SAL FACT1 ( C\RSE4 

,UND]/&+ FULLY ! DE=M+ =CE ( ALL ?IS REPRESSION1 ,FREUD CONSID]$ IT LIKELY ?AT NEUROSIS HAS COME TO *>ACT]IZE ALL ( HUMANITY4 ,DESPITE HIS GR[+ FE> ( FASCISM AFT] ,WORLD ,W> ,I1 HE NONE!LESS CONTRIBUT$ TO ITS GR[? BY JU/IFY+ ! R5UNCIATION ( HAPP9ESS4 ,REI* REF]R$ TO ,FREUD & ,HITL] ) SOME BITT]NESS1 OBS]V+ ?AT 0A FEW YE>S LAT]1 A PA?OLOGICAL G5IUS -- MAK+ ! BE/ ( IGNORANCE & FE> ( HAPP9ESS -- BR\<T ,EUROPE TO ! V]GE ( DE/RUCTION ) ! SLOGAN ( 'H]OIC R5UNCIATION'40 

,) ! ,O$IPUS COMPLEX1 9ESCAPABLE S\RCE ( GUILT & REPRESSION1 WE SEE ,FREUD AGA9 AS ! CONSUMMATE ,HOBBESIAN4 ,?IS UNIV]SAL CONDITION IS ! VEHICLE :]EBY SELF-IMPOS$ TABOOS >E LE>N$ VIA ! 7MALE7 *ILDHOOD' EXP]I5CE ( FE> ( ! FA!R & LU/ = ! MO!R4 ,IT IS BAS$ ON ,FREUD'S REACTION>Y FAIRY TALE ( A PRIMAL HORDE DOM9AT$ BY A P[]FUL FA!R :O POSSESS$ ALL AVAILABLE WOM5 & :O WAS KILL$ & DEV\R$ BY HIS SONS4 ,?IS WAS LUDICR\S AN?ROPOLOGY EV5 :5 P5N$1 & FULLY EXHIBITS ONE ( ,FREUD'S MO/ BASIC ]RORS1 ?AT ( EQUAT+ SOCIETY ) CIVILIZATION4 ,!RE IS N[ CONV9C+ EVID5CE ?AT PRECIVILIZ$ LIFE WAS A TIME ( NON-DOM9ANCE & EQUALITY1 C]TA9LY NOT ! BIZ>RE PATRI>*Y ,FREUD PROVID$ AS ORIG9 ( MO/ ( \R S5SE ( GUILT & %AME4 ,HE REMA9$ CONV9C$ ( ! 9ESCAPABILITY ( ! ,O$IPAL BACKGR\ND1 & ! C5TRAL VALIDITY ( BO? ! ,O$IPAL COMPLEX & ( GUILT ITSELF = ! 9T]E/S ( CULTURE4 

,FREUD CONSID]$ PSY*IC LIFE AS %UT 9 ON ITSELF1 UN9FLU5C$ BY SOCIETY4 ,?IS PREMISE LEADS TO A DET]M9I/IC VIEW ( *ILDHOOD & EV5 9FANCY1 ALONG ) SU* JUDGM5TS AS 0! FE> ( BECOM+ POOR IS D]IV$ FROM REGRESSIVE ANAL ]OTICISM02 CONSID] HIS ,PSY*OPA?OLOGY ( ,EV]YDAY ,LIFE1 & ITS T5 $ITIONS BETWE5 #aid & #aibd TO :I* NEW EXAMPLES ( 0SLIPS10 OR UN9T5D$ REVELATORY USAGES ( WORDS1 W]E CONT9UALLY ADD$4 ,WE DO NOT F9D A S+LE 9/ANCE1 DESPITE ! UPHEAVALS ( MANY ( ?OSE YE>S 9 & NE> ,AU/RIA1 ( ,FREUD DETECT+ A 0SLIP0 ?AT RELAT$ TO FE> ( REVOLUTION ON ! P>T ( ?IS B\RGEOIS SUBJECTS1 OR EV5 ( ANY DAY-TO-DAY SOCIAL FE>S1 SU* AS RELAT$ TO /RIKES1 9SUBORD9ATION1 OR ! LIKE4 ,IT SEEMS MORE ?AN LIKELY ?AT UNREPRESS$ SLIPS CONC]N+ SU* MATT]S W]E SIMPLE SCRE5$ ,\T AS UNIMPORTANT TO HIS UNIV]SALI/1 AHI/ORICAL VIEWS4 

,ALSO WOR? NOT+ IS ,FREUD'S 0DISCOV]Y0 ( ! DEA? 9/9CT ,9 HIS DEEP5+ PESSIMISM1 HE C\NT]$ ,]OS1 ! LIFE 9/9CT ) ,?ANATOS1 A CRAV+ = DEA? & DE/RUCTION1 AS FUNDAM5TAL & 9]ADICABLE A P>T ( ! SPECIES AS ,/RIV+ = LIFE4 ,! AIM ( ALL LIFE IS DEA?10 SIMPLY PUT 7#a#i#b74 ,:ILE IT MAY BE P$E/RIAN TO NOTE ?AT ?IS DISCOV]Y WAS ACCOMPANI$ BY ! MASS C>NAGE ( ,WORLD ,W> ,I1 AN 9CREAS+LY UNHAPPY M>RIAGE1 & ! ONSET ( CANC] ( ! JAW1 !RE IS NO MI/AK+ ! S]VICE ?IS DY/OPIAN METAPHYSICS P]=MS 9 JU/IFY+ AU?ORITY4 ,! ASSUMPTION ( ! DEA? 9/9CT -- ?AT AGGRESSION1 HATR$1 & FE> WILL ALWAYS BE ) US -- MILITATES AGA9/ ! IDEA ?AT LIB]ATION IS POSSIBLE4 ,9 LAT] DECADES1 ! DEA? 9/9CT-ORI5T$ WORK ( ,MELANIE ,KLE9 FL\RI%$ 9 ,5GLI% RUL+ CIRCLES PRECISELY BECAUSE ( ITS EMPHASIS ON SOCIAL RE/RA9TS 9 LIMIT+ AGGRESSIV5ESS4 ,TODAY'S LEAD+ NEO-,FREUDIAN1 ,LACAN1 ALSO SEEMS TO SEE SUFF]+ & DOM9ATION AS 9EVITABLE2 SPECIFICALLY1 HE HOLDS ?AT PATRI>*Y IS A LAW ( NATURE4 

,M>CUSE1 ,NORMAN ,O4 ,BR[N & O!RS HAVE RE-!ORIZ$ ,FREUD 9 A RADICAL DIRECTION BY TAK+ HIS IDEAS AS DESCRIPTIVE RA!R ?AN PRESCRIPTIVE1 & !RE IS A LIMIT$ PLAUSIBILITY TO AN ORI5TATION ?AT TAKES HIS D>K VIEWS AS VALID ONLY ) RESPECT TO ALI5AT$ LIFE1 RA!R ?AN TO ANY & ALL IMAG9ABLE SOCIAL WORLDS4 ,!RE >E EV5 MANY ,FREUDIAN FEM9I/S2 !IR EF=TS TO APPLY PSY*OANALYTIC DOGMA TO ! OPPRESSION ( WOM51 H[EV]1 APPE> EV5 MORE CONTRIV$4 

,FREUD DID ID5TIFY ! 0FEMALE PR9CIPLE0 AS CLOS] TO NATURE1 LESS SUBLIMAT$1 LESS DIFFUS$ ?R\< REPRESSION ?AN ?AT ( ! MALE4 ,BUT TRUE TO HIS OV]ALL VALUES1 HE LOCAT$ AN ESS5TIAL ADVANCE 9 CIVILIZATION 9 ! VICTORY ( MALE 9TELLECTUALITY OV] WOMANLY S5SUALITY4 ,:AT IS SADDE/ AB\T ! V>I\S ATTEMPTS TO REAPPROPRIATE ,FREUD IS ! ABS5CE ( A CRITIQUE ( CIVILIZATION3 HIS 5TIRE WORK IS PR$ICAT$ ON ! ACCEPTANCE ( CIVILIZATION AS HI<E/ VALUE4 ,& BASIC 9 A ME?ODOLOGICAL S5SE1 REG>D+ ?OSE :O W\LD M]ELY REORI5T ! ,FREUDIAN $IFICE1 IS ,F\CAULT'S W>N+ ?AT ! WILL TO ANY SY/EM 0IS TO EXT5D \R P>TICIPATION 9 ! PRES5T SY/EM40 

,9 ! >EA ( G5D] DIFF]5CE1 ,FREUD /RAI<T=W>DLY AFFIRM$ ! BASIC 9F]IORITY ( ! FEMALE4 ,HIS VIEW ( WOM5 AS CA/RAT$ M5 IS A CASE ( BIOLOGICAL DET]M9ISM3 ANATOMICALLY !Y >E SIMPLY LESS1 & CONDEMN$ BY ?IS TO MASO*ISM & P5IS 5VY4 

,I MAKE NO PRET5SE TO COMPLET5ESS OR DEP? 9 ?IS BRIEF LOOK AT ,FREUD1 BUT IT %\LD BE ALREADY OBVI\S H[ FALSE WAS HIS DISCLAIM] 7,NEW ,9TRODUCTORY ,LECTURES1 #a#i#c#c7 ?AT ,FREUDIANISM POSITS ANY VALUES BEYOND ?OSE 9H]5T 9 0OBJECTIVE0 SCI5CE4 ,& TO ?IS FUNDAM5TAL FAIL+ C\LD BE ADD$ ! >BITR>Y NATURE ( VIRTUALLY ALL ( HIS PHILOSOPHY4 ,DIVORC$ AS IT PO9T$LY IS FROM GROSS SOCIAL REALITY -- FUR!R EXAMPLES >E LEGION1 BUT S$UCTION !ORY COMES TO M9D1 9 :I* HE DECL>$ ?AT SEXUAL ABUSE IS1 MO/ IMPORTANTLY1 FANTASY -- ONE ,FREUDIAN 9F]5CE C\LD JU/ AS PLAUSIBLY BE REPLAC$ BY A DIFF]5T ONE4 ,OV]ALL1 WE 5C\NT]1 9 ! SUMM>Y ( ,FR$]ICK ,CREWS1 0A DOCTR9E PLAGU$ BY ME*ANISM1 REIFICATION1 & >BITR>Y UNIV]SALISM40 

,ON ! LEVEL ( TREATM5T1 BY HIS [N ACC\NTS1 ,FREUD NEV] WAS ABLE TO P]MAN5TLY CURE A S+LE PATI5T1 & PSY*OANALYSIS HAS PROV5 NO MORE EFFECTIVE S9CE4 ,9 #aihd ! ,NATIONAL ,9/ITUTE ( ,M5TAL ,HEAL? E/IMAT$ ?AT OV] =TY MILLION ,AM]ICANS >E M5TALLY ILL1 :ILE A /UDY BY ,REGI]1 ,BOYD ET AL4 7,>*IVES ( ,G5]AL ,PSY*IATRY1 ,NOVEMB] #a#i#h#h7 %[$ ?AT FIFTE5 P]C5T ( ! ADULT POPULATION HAD A 0PSY*IATRIC DISORD]40 ,ONE OBVI\S DIM5SION ( ?IS WORS5+ SITUATION1 9 ,JOEL ,KOVEL'S WORDS1 IS ! CONTEMPOR>Y FAMILY1 :I* 0HAS FALL5 9TO A MORASS ( P]MAN5T CRISIS1 AS 9DICAT$ BY ! 5DLESS /REAM ( EMOTIONALLY DISABL$ 9DIVIDUALS IT TURNS OV] TO ! M5TAL HEAL? 9DU/RY4 

,IF ALI5ATION IS ! ESS5CE ( ALL PSY*IATRIC CONDITIONS1 ,PSY*OLOGY IS ! /UDY ( ! ALI5AT$1 BUT LACKS ! AW>5ESS ?AT ?IS IS SO4 ,! EFFECT ( ! TOTAL SOCIETY1 9 :I* ! 9DIVIDUAL CAN NO LONG] RECOGNIZE HIMSELF OR H]SELF1 BY ! CANONS ( ,FREUD & ! ,PSY*OLOGICAL ,SOCIETY1 IS SE5 AS IRRELEVANT TO DIAGNOSIS & TREATM5T4 ,?US PSY*IATRY APPROPRIATES DISABL+ PA9 & FRU/RATION1 R$EF9ES !M AS ILLNESSES &1 9 SOME CASES1 IS ABLE TO SUPPRESS ! SYMPTOMS4 ,MEAN:ILE1 A MORBID WORLD CONT9UES ITS E/RANG+ TE*NOLOGICAL RATIONALITY ?AT EXCLUDES ANY CONT9U\SLY SPONTANE\S1 AFFECTIVE LIFE3 ! P]SON IS SUBJECT$ TO A DISCIPL9E DESIGN$1 AT ! EXP5SE ( ! S5SU\S1 TO MAKE HIM OR H] AN 9/RUM5T ( PRODUCTION4 

,M5TAL ILLNESS IS PRIM>ILY AN UNCONSCI\S ESCAPE FROM ?IS DESIGN1 A =M ( PASSIVE RESI/ANCE4 ,R4,D4 ,LA+ SPOKE ( S*IZOPHR5IA AS A PSY*IC NUMB+ :I* FEIGNS A K9D ( DEA? TO PRES]VE SOME?+ ( ONE'S 9N] ALIV5ESS4 ,! REPRES5TATIVE S*IZOPHR5IC IS >\ND #b1 AT ! PO9T ( CULM9ATION ( ! LONG P]IOD ( SOCIALIZATION :I* HAS PREP>$ HIM TO TAKE UP HIS ROLE 9 ! WORKPLACE4 ,HE IS NOT 0ADEQUATE0 TO ?IS DE/9Y4 ,HI/ORICALLY1 IT IS NOTEWOR?Y ?AT S*IZOPHR5IA IS V]Y CLOSELY RELAT$ TO 9DU/RIALISM1 AS ,TORREY %[S CONV9C+LY 9 HIS ,S*IZOPHR5IA & ,CIVILIZATION 7#a#i#h74 

,9 REC5T YE>S ,SZASZ1 ,F\CAULT1 ,G(FMAN1 & O!RS HAVE CALL$ ATT5TION TO ! IDEOLOGICAL PRECONCEPTIONS ?R\< :I* 0M5TAL ILLNESS0 IS SE54 0,OBJECTIVE0 LANGUAGE CLOAKS CULTURAL BIASES1 AS 9 ! CASE1 = 9/ANCE1 ( SEXUAL 0DISORD]S03 9 ! #a#i? C5TURY MA/URBATION WAS TREAT$ AS A DISEASE1 & IT HAS ONLY BE5 )9 ! PA/ TW5TY YE>S ?AT ! PSY*OLOGICAL E/ABLI%M5T DECLASSIFI$ HOMOSEXUALITY AS ILLNESS4 

,& IT HAS LONG BE5 TRANSP>5T ?AT !RE IS A CLASS COMPON5T TO ! ORIG9S & TREATM5T ( M5TAL ILLNESS4 ,NOT ONLY IS :AT IS CALL$ 0ECC5TRIC0 AMONG ! RI* (T5 T]M$ PSY*IATRIC DISORD]-& TREAT$ QUITE DIFF]5TLY AMONG ! POOR1 BUT MANY /UDIES S9CE ,HOLL+%EAD & ,R$LI*'S ,SOCIAL ,CLASS & ,M5TAL ,ILLNESS 7#a#i#e#h7 HAVE DEMON/RAT$ H[ MU* MORE LIKELY >E ! POOR TO BECOME EMOTIONALLY DISABL$4 ,ROY ,PORT] OBS]V$ ?AT BECAUSE IT IMAG9ES P[]1 MADNESS IS BO? IMPOT5CE & OMNIPOT5CE1 :I* S]VES AS A REM9D] ?AT DUE TO ! 9FLU5CE ( ALI5ATION1 P[]LESSNESS1 & POV]TY1 WOM5 >E MORE (T5 DRIV5 TO BREAKD[N ?AN M54 ,SOCIETY MAKES US ALL FEEL MANIPULAT$ & ?US MI/RU/FUL3 0P>ANOID10 & :O C\LD NOT BE DEPRESS$8 ,! GAP BETWE5 ! ALLEG$ NEUTRALITY & WISDOM ( ! M$ICAL MODEL & ! RIS+ LEVELS ( PA9 & DISEASE IS WID5+1 ! CR$IBILITY ( ! =M] VISIBLY CORROD+4 

,IT HAS BE5 ! FAILURE ( E>LI] =MS ( SOCIAL CONTROL ?AT HAS GIV5 PSY*OLOGICAL M$IC9E1 ) ITS 9H]5TLY EXPANSIONI/ AIMS1 ITS UPW>D TRAJECTORY 9 ! PA/ ?REE DECADES4 ,! !RAPEUTIC MODEL ( AU?ORITY 7& ! SUPPOS$LY VALUE-FREE PR(ESSIONAL P[] ?AT BACKS IT UP7 IS 9CREAS+LY 9T]TW9$ ) /ATE P[]1 & HAS M\NT$ AN 9VASION ( ! SELF MU* MORE F> REA*+ ?AN E>LI] EF=TS1 0,!RE >E NO LIMITS TO ! AMBITION ( PSY*OANALYTIC CONTROL2 IF IT HAD ITS WAY1 NO?+ W\LD ESCAPE IT10 ACCORD+ TO ,GUATT>I4 

,9 T]MS ( ! M$ICALIZATION ( DEVIANT BEHAVIOR1 A GREAT DEAL MORE IS 9CLUD$1 ?AN1 SAY1 ! PSY*IATRIC SANCTIONS ON ,SOVIET DISSID5TS OR ! RISE ( A BATT]Y ( M9D CONTROL TE*NIQUES1 9CLUD+ BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION1 9 ,U4,S4 ,PRISONS ,PUNI%M5T HAS COME TO 9CLUDE TREATM5T & NEW P[]S ( PUNI%M5T2 M$IC9E1 PSY*OLOGY1 $UCATION & SOCIAL WORK TAKE OV] MORE & MORE ASPECTS ( CONTROL & DISCIPL9E :ILE ! LEGAL MA*9]Y GR[S MORE M$ICAL1 PSY*OLOGICAL1 P$AGOGICAL4 ,BUT ! NEW >RANGEM5TS1 RELY+ *IEFLY ON FE> & NECESSITAT+ MORE & MORE COOP]ATION BY ! RUL$ 9 ORD] TO FUNCTION1 >E NO GU>ANTEE ( CIVIC H>MONY4 ,9 FACT1 ) !IR OV]ALL FAILURE1 CLASS SOCIETY IS RUNN+ \T ( TACTICS & EXCUSES1 & ! NEW 5CROA*M5TS HAVE CREAT$ NEW POCKETS ( RESI/ANCE4 

,! SETUP N[ USUALLY REF]R$ TO AS 0COMMUNITY M5TAL HEAL?0 CAN BE LEGITIMATELY TRAC$ TO ! E/ABLI%M5T ( ! ,M5TAL ,HYGI5E ,MOVEM5T 9 #a#i#h4 ,9 ! CONTEXT ( ! ,TAYLORI/ DEGRADATION ( WORK CALL$ ,SCI5TIFIC ,MANAGEM5T & A *ALL5G+ TIDE ( WORK] MILITANCY1 ! NEW PSY*OLOGICAL (F5SIVE WAS BAS$ ON ! DICTUM ?AT 09DIVIDUAL UNRE/ TO A L>GE DEGREE MEANS BAD M5TAL HYGI5E40 ,COMMUNITY PSY*IATRY REPRES5TS A LAT]1 NATIONALIZ$ =M ( ?IS 9DU/RIAL PSY*OLOGY1 DEVELOP$ TO DEFLECT RADICAL CURR5TS AWAY FROM SOCIAL TRANS=MATION OBJECTIVES & BACK UND] ! YOKE ( ! DOM9AT+ LOGIC ( PRODUCTIVITY4 ,BY ! #a#i#bS1 ! WORK]S HAD BECOME ! OBJECTS ( SOCIAL SCI5CE PR(ESSIONALS TO AN EV5 GREAT] DEGREE1 ) ! WORK ( ,ELTON ,MAYO & O!RS1 AT A TIME :5 ! PROMOTION ( CONSUMPTION AS A WAY ( LIFE CAME TO BE SE5 AS ITSELF A MEANS ( EAS+ UNRE/1 COLLECTIVE & 9DIVIDUAL4 ,& BY ! 5D ( ! #a#i#cS1 9DU/RIAL PSY*OLOGY HAD 0ALREADY DEVELOP$ MANY ( ! C5TRAL 9NOVATIONS :I* N[ *>ACT]IZE COMMUNITY PSY*OLOGY10 ACCORD+ TO ,DIANA ,RALPH'S ,WORK & ,MADNESS 7#a#i#h#c71 SU* AS MASS PSY*OLOGICAL TE/+1 ! M5TAL HEAL? TEAM1 AUXILI>Y NONPR(ESSIONAL C\NSELORS1 FAMILY & \T-PATI5T !RAPY1 & PSY*IATRIC C\NSEL+ TO BUS9ESSES4 

,! MILLION-PLUS M5 REJECT$ BY ! >M$ =CES DUR+ ,WORLD ,W> ,I,I = 0M5TAL UNFITNESS0 & ! /EADY RISE4 OBS]VABLE S9CE ! MID-'#eS1 9 /RESS-RELAT$ ILLNESSES1 CALL$ ATT5TION TO ! IMM5SELY CRIPPL+ NATURE ( MOD]N 9DU/RIAL ALI5ATION4 ,GOV]NM5T FUND+ WAS CALL$ =1 & WAS PROVID$ BY ! #aifc F$]AL ,COMMUNITY ,M5TAL ,HEAL? ,C5T] LEGISLATION4 ,>M$ ) ! RELATIVELY NEW TRANQUILIZ+ DRUGS TO ANES!TIZE ! POOR AS WELL AS ! UNEMPLOY$1 A /ATE PRES5CE WAS 9ITIAT$ 9 URBAN >EAS HI!RTO BEYOND ! REA* ( ! !RAPEUTIC E?OS4 ,SMALL WOND] ?AT SOME BLACK MILITANTS SAW ! NEW M5TAL HEAL? S]VICES AS BASICALLY REF9$ POLICE PACIFICATION & SURVEILLANCE SY/EMS = ! <ETTOS4 ,! CONC]NS ( ! DOM9ANT ORD]1 EV] ANXI\S AB\T ! MASSES1 >E *IEFLY S]V$1 H[EV]1 H]E AS ELSE:]E1 BY ! /R5G? ( ! IMAGE ( :AT SCI5CE HAS %[N TO BE NORMAL1 HEAL?Y1 & PRODUCTIVE4 ,AU?ORITY'S BE/ FRI5D IS REL5TLESS SELF-9SPECTION ACCORD+ TO ! RUL+ CANONS ( REPRESSIVE NORMALCY 9 ! ,PSY*OLOGICAL ,SOCIETY4 

,! NUCLE> FAMILY ONCE PROVID$ ! PSY*IC UND]P9N+ ( :AT ,NORMAN ,O4 ,BR[N CALL$ 0! NI<TM>E ( 9F9ITELY EXP&+ TE*NOLOGICAL PROGRESS40 ,?\<T BY SOME TO BE A BA/ION AGA9/ ! \T] WORLD1 IT HAS ALWAYS S]V$ AS TRANSMISSION BELT = ! REIGN+ IDEOLOGY1 MORE SPECIFICALLY AS ! PLACE 9 :I* ! 9T]IORIZ+ PSY*OLOGY ( WOM5 IS PRODUC$1 ! SOCIAL & ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION ( WOM5 IS LEGITIMAT$ & ! >TIFICIAL SC>CITY ( SEXUALITY IS GU>D$4 

,MEAN:ILE1 ! /ATE'S CONC]N ) DEL9QU5T1 UN$UCABLE & UNSOCIALIZABLE *ILDR51 AS /UDI$ BY ,DONZELOT & O!RS1 IS BUT ONE ASPECT ( ITS OV]%AD[+ ( ! FAMILY4 ,BEH9D ! M$ICALIZ$ IMAGE ( ! GOOD1 ! /ATE ADVANCES & ! FAMILY /EADILY LOSES ITS FUNCTIONS4 ,RO?BAUM & ,WEISZ1 9 ,*ILD ,PSY*OPA?OLOGY & ! ,QUE/ = ,CONTROL 7#a#i#h#i71 DISCUSS ! V]Y RAPID RISE ( !IR SUBJECT :ILE ,CA/EL1 ,CA/EL & ,LOVELL'S E>LI] ,! ,PSY*IATRIC ,SOCIETY 7#a#i#h#b7 C\LD GLIMPSE ! NE>+ DAY :5 *ILDHOOD WILL BE TOTALLY REGIM5T$ BY M$IC9E & PSY*OLOGY4 ,SOME FACETS ( ?IS TR5D >E NO LONG] 9 ! REALM ( CONJECTURE2 ,JAMES ,R4 ,S*IFFMAN1 = 9/ANCE1 WROTE ( ONE BYPRODUCT ( ! BATT]$ FAMILY 9 HIS 0,TE5-,AG]S ,5D ,UP 9 ,PSY*IATRIC ,HOSPITALS 9 ,AL>M+ ,NUMB]S0 7,WALL ,/REET ,J\RNAL1 ,FEB4 #c1 #a#i#h#i74 

,!RAPY IS A KEY RITUAL ( \R PREVAIL+ PSY*OLOGICAL RELIGION & A VIGOR\SLY GR[+ ONE4 ,! ,AM]ICAN ,PSY*IATRIC ,ASSOCIATION'S MEMB]%IP JUMP$ FROM #b#g1#c#e#e 9 #aihc TO #c#f1#b#b#c BY ! 5D ( ! '#hS1 & 9 #aihi A RECORD #bb MILLION VISIT$ PSY*IATRI/S OR O!R !RAPI/S COV]$ TO AT LEA/ SOME EXT5T BY HEAL? 9SURANCE PLANS4 ,CONSID]+ ?AT ONLY A SMALL M9ORITY ( ?OSE :O PRACTICE ! E/IMAT$ #e V>IETIES ( PSY*O!RAPY >E PSY*IATRI/S OR O!RWISE HEAL? 9SURANCE-RECOGNIZ$1 EV5 !SE FIGURES DO NOT CAPTURE ! MAGNITUDE ( !RAPY'S %AD[ WORLD4 

,PHILIP ,RIEFF T]M$ PSY*OANALYSIS 0YET ANO!R ME?OD ( LE>N+ H[ TO 5DURE ! LONEL9ESS PRODUC$ BY CULTURE10 :I* IS A GOOD 5\< WAY TO 9TRODUCE ! >TIFICIAL SITUATION & RELATION%IP ( !RAPY1 A PECULI>LY DI/ANC$4 CIRCUMSCRIB$ & ASYMMETRICAL AFFAIR4 ,MO/ ( ! TIME1 ONE P]SON TALKS & ! O!R LI/5S4 ,! CLI5T ALMO/ ALWAYS TALKS AB\T HIMSELF & ! !RAPI/ ALMO/ NEV] DOES4 ,! !RAPI/ SCRUPUL\SLY ES*EWS SOCIAL CONTACT ) CLI5TS4 ANO!R REM9D] TO ! LATT] ?AT !Y HAVE NOT BE5 TALK+ TO A FRI5D1 ALONG ) ! /RICT TIME LIMITS 5CLOS+ A SPACE DIVORC$ FROM EV]YDAY REALITY4 ,SIMIL>LY1 ! PURELY CONTRACTUAL NATURE ( ! !RAPEUTIC CONNECTION 9 ITSELF GU>ANTEES ?AT ALL !RAPY 9EVITABLY REPRODUCES ALI5AT$ SOCIETY4 ,TO DEAL ) ALI5ATION VIA A RELATION%IP PAID = B ! H\R IS TO OV]LOOK ! CONGRU5CE ( !RAPI/ & PRO/ITUTE AS REG>DS ! TRAITS JU/ 5UM]AT$4 

,GRAMSCI DEF9$ 09TELLECTUAL0 AS ! 0FUNCTION>Y 9 *>GE ( CONS5T10 A =MULATION :I* ALSO FITS ! ROLE ( !RAPI/4 ,BY LEAD+ O!RS TO CONC5TRATE !IR 'DESIR+ 5]GY \TSIDE ! SOCIAL T]RITORY10 AS ,GUATT>I PUT IT1 HE !REBY MANIPULATES !M 9TO ACCEPT+ ! CON/RA9TS ( SOCIETY4 ,BY FAIL+ TO *ALL5GE ! SOCIAL CATEGORIES )9 :I* CLI5TS HAVE ORGANIZ$ !IR EXP]I5CES1 ! !RAPI/ /R5G!NS ! HOLD ( ?OSE CATEGORIES4 ,HE TRIES1 TYPICALLY1 TO FOCUS CLI5TS AWAY FROM /ORIES AB\T WORK & 9TO ! SO-CALL$ 0REAL0 >EAS-P]SONAL LIFE & *ILDHOOD4 

,PSY*OLOGICAL HEAL?1 AS A FUNCTION ( !RAPY1 IS L>GELY AN $UCATIONAL PROC$URE4 ,! PROJECT IS ?AT ( A %>$ SY/EM3 ! CLI5T IS L$ TO ACCEPTANCE ( ! !RAPI/'S BASIC ASSUMPTIONS & METAPHYSICS4 ,FRANCOIS ,R\/ANG1 9 ,PSY*OANALYSIS ,NEV] ,LETS ,GO 7#a#i#h#c71 WOND]$ :Y A !RAPEUTIC ME?OD :OSE 0EXPLICIT AIM IS ! LIB]ATION ( =CES ) A VIEW T[>D BE+ CAPABLE '( 5JOYM5T & EFFICI5CY' 7,FREUD7 SO (T5 5DS 9 ALI5ATION EI!R444BECAUSE ! TREATM5T TURNS \T TO BE 9T]M9ABLE1 OR4447! CLI5T7 ADOPTS ! MANN] ( SPEE* & ?\<T1 ! !SES AS WELL AS ! PREJUDICES ( PSY*OANALYSIS40 

,EV] S9CE ,HANS ,LYS5KO'S %ORT BUT FAM\S >TICLE ( #a#i#e#b1 0,! ,EFFECTS ( ,PSY*O!RAPY10 C\NTLESS O!R /UDIES HAVE VALIDAT$ HIS F9D+3 0,P]SONS GIV5 9T5SIVE & PROLONG$ PSY*O!RAPY >E NO BETT] (F ?AN ?OSE 9 MAT*$ CONTROL GR\PS GIV5 NO TREATM5T OV] ! SAME TIME 9T]VAL40 ,ON ! O!R H&1 !RE IS NO D\BT ?AT !RAPY OR C\NSEL+ DOES MAKE MANY PEOPLE FEEL BETT]1 REG>DLESS ( SPECIFIC RESULTS4 ,?IS ANOMALY MU/ BE DUE TO ! FACT ?AT CONSUM]S ( !RAPY BELIEVE !Y HAVE BE5 C>$ =1 COM=T$1 LI/5$ TO4 ,9 A SOCIETY GR[+ EV] ,COLD]1 ?IS IS NO SMALL ?+4 ,IT IS ALSO TRUE ?AT ! ,PSY*OLOGICAL ,SOCIETY CONDITIONS ITS SUBJECTS 9TO BLAM+ !MSELVES & ?AT ?OSE :O MO/ FEEL !Y NE$ !RAPY T5D TO BE ?OSE MO/ EASILY EXPLOIT$3 ! LONELIE/1 MO/ 9SECURE N]V\S1 DEPRESS$1 ETC4 ,IT IS EASY TO /ATE ! OLD DICTUM1 0,NATURA SANAT1 M$ICUS CURAT0 7,NATURE HEALS1 DOCTORS_/C\NSELORS_/!RAPI/S TREAT72 BUT :]E IS ! NATURAL 9 ! HYP]-E/RANG$ WORLD ( PA9 & ISOLATION WE F9D \RSELVES 98 ,& YET !RE IS NO GETT+ >\ND ! IMP]ATIVE TO REMAKE ! WORLD4 ,IF !RAPY IS TO HEAL1 MAKE :OLE1 :AT O!R POSSIBILITY IS !RE BUT TO TRANS=M ?IS WORLD1 :I* W\LD ( C\RSE ALSO CON/ITUTE A DE-!RAPIZ+ ( SOCIETY4 ,IT IS CLE>LY 9 ?IS SPIRIT ?AT ! ,SITUATIONI/ ,9T]NATIONAL DECL>$ 9 #a#i#f#c1 0,SOON] OR LAT] ! ,S4,I4 MU/ DEF9E ITSELF AS A !RAPEUTIC40 

,UN=TUNATELY1 ! GREAT COMMUNAL CAUSES LAT] 9 ! DECADE ACQUIR$ A SPECIFICALLY !RAPEUTIC CA/ MA9LY 9 !IR DEG5]ATION1 9 ! SPL9T]+ ( ! '#f'S ?RU/ 9TO SMALL]1 MORE IDIOSYNCRATIC EF=TS4 0,! P]SONAL IS ! POLITICAL0 GAVE WAY TO ! M]ELY P]SONAL1 AS DEFEAT & DISILLUSION OV]TOOK NAIVE ACTIVISM4 

,CONCEIV$ \T ( CRITICAL RESPONSES TO ,FREUDIAN PSY*OANALYSIS1 :I* HAS %IFT$ ITS SI<TS T[>D EV]-E>LI] PHASES ( DEVELOPM5T 9 *ILDHOOD & 9FANCY1 ! ,HUMAN ,POT5TIAL ,MOVEM5T BEGAN 9 ! MID-#fS & ACQUIR$ ITS *>ACT]I/IC FEATURES BY ! E>LY '#gS4 ,) A PO/-,FREUDIAN EMPHASIS ON ! CONSCI\S EGO & ITS ACTUALIZATION1 ,HUMAN ,POT5TIAL SET =? A SMORGASBORD ( !RAPIES1 9CLUD+ V>IETIES OR AMALGAMS ( P]SONAL GR[? SEM9>S1 BODY AW>5ESS TE*NIQUES1 & ,EA/]N SPIRITUAL DISCIPL9ES4 ,ALMO/ BURI$ 9 ! WELT] ( P>TIAL SOLUTIONS LIES A SUBV]SIVE POT5TIAL3 ! NOTION ?AT1 AS ,ADELAIDE ,BRY PUT IT1 LIFE 0CAN BE A TIME ( 9F9ITE & JOY\S POSSIBILITY40 ,! DEM& = 9/ANT RELIEF FROM PSY*IC IMMIS]ATION UND]L9$ AN 9CREAS+ CONC]N = ! DIGNITY & FULFILLM5T ( 9DIVIDUALS1 & ,DANIEL ,YANKELOVI* 7,NEW ,RULES1 #a#i#h#a7 SAW ! CULTURAL C5TRALITY ( ?IS QUE/1 CONCLUD+ ?AT BY ! 5D ( ! '#gS1 SOME EI<TY P]C5T ( ,AM]ICANS HAD BECOME 9T]E/$ 9 ?IS !RAPEUTIC SE>* = TRANS=MATION4 

,BUT ! PRIVATIZ$ APPROA*ES ( ! ,HUMAN ,POT5TIAL ,MOVEM5T1 HI<-WAT] M>K ( CONTEMPOR>Y ,PSY*OLOGICAL ,SOCIETY1 W]E OBVI\SLY UNABLE TO DELIV] ON !IR PROMISES TO PROVIDE ANY LA/+1 NON-ILLUSORY BREAK?R\<S4 ,>?UR ,JANOV RECOGNIZ$ ?AT 0EV]YONE 9 ?IS SOCIETY IS 9 A LOT ( PA910 BUT EXPRESS$ NO AW>5ESS AT ALL ( ! REPRESSIVE SOCIETY G5]AT+ IT4 ,HIS ,PRIMAL ,SCREAM TE*NIQUE QUALIFIES AS ! MO/ LUDICR\S CURE-ALL ( ! '#gS4 ,SCI5TOLOGY'S PROMISE ( EMP[]M5T CONSI/$ MA9LY ( BIOELECTRONIC FE$BACK TE*NOLOGIES AIM$ AT SOCIALIZ+ PEOPLE TO AN AU?ORIT>IAN 5T]PRISE & WORLD VIEW4 ,! POPUL>ITY ( CULT GR\PS LIKE ! ,MOONIES REM9DS ONE ( A TIME-TE/$ PROCESS = ! UN9ITIAT$3 ISOLATION1 DEPRIVATION1 ANTICIPATION1 & SUGGE/ION2 BRA9WA%+ & ! %AMANIC VISION QUE/ BO? USE IT4 

,W]N] ,]H>D'S ,E,/1 SPEAK+ ( 9T5SIVE PSY*OLOGICAL MANIPULATION WAS ONE ( ! MO/ POPUL> &1 9 SOME WAYS1 MO/ *>ACT]I/IC ,HUMAN ,POT5TIAL PH5OM5A4 ,ITS F\ND] BECAME V]Y WEAL?Y BY HELP+ ,]H>D ,SEM9>S ,TRA9+ ADEPTS 0*OOSE TO BECOME :AT !Y >E40 ,9 A CLASSIC CASE ( BLAM+ ! VICTIM1 ,E,/ BR\<T L>GE NUMB]S TO A NE>-RELIGI\S EMBRACE ( ONE ( ! SY/EM'S BASIC LIES3 ITS GRADUATES >E OB$I5TLY CON=MI/ BECAUSE !Y 0ACCEPT RESPONSIBILITY0 = HAV+ CREAT$ ?+S AS !Y >E4 ,TRANSC5D5TAL ,M$ITATION ACTUALLY M>KET$ ITSELF 9 T]MS ( ! PASSIVE 9CORPORATION 9TO SOCIETY IT HELP$ ITS /UD5TS A*IEVE4 ,T,M'S ALLEG$ USEFULNESS = ADJU/M5T TO ! V>I$ 0EXCESSES & /RESSES0 ( MOD]N SOCIETY WAS A MAJOR SELL+ PO9T TO CORPORATIONS1 = EXAMPLE4 

,TRAPP$ 9 A HI<LY RATIONALIZ$ & TE*NOLOGICAL WORLD1 ,HUMAN ,POT5TIAL SEEK]S NATURALLY WANT$ P]SONAL DEVELOPM5T1 EMOTIONAL IMM$IACY1 & ABOVE ALL1 A S5SE ( HAV+ SOME CONTROL OV] !IR LIVES4 ,SELF-HELP BE/-SELL]S ( ! '#gS1 9CLUD+ ,P[]1 ,Y\R ,]RONE\S ,ZONES1 ,H[ TO ,TAKE ,*>GE ( ,Y\R ,LIFE1 ,SELF-,CREATION1 ,LOOK+ ,\T = _?#a1 & ,PULL+ ,Y\R ,[N ,/R+S1 FOCUS ON ! ISSUE ( CONTROL4 ,PREA*+ ! GOSPEL ( REALITY AS A P]SONAL CON/RUCT1 H[EV]1 MEANT ?AT CONTROL HAD TO BE N>R[LY DEF9$4 ,ONCE AGA9 ACCEPTANCE ( SOCIAL REALITY AS A GIV5 MEANT1 = EXAMPLE1 ?AT 0S5SITIVITY TRA9+0 W\LD LIKELY MEAN CONT9U$ 9S5SITIVITY TO MO/ ( REALITY1 AN OP5NESS TO MORE ( ! SAME ALI5ATION-MORE IGNORANCE1 MORE SUFF]+4 

,! ,HUMAN ,POT5TIAL ,MOVEM5T DID AT LEA/ RAISE PUBLICLY & WIDELY ! NOTION ( AN 5D TO DISEASE1 H[EV] MU* IT FAIL$ TO MAKE GOOD ON ?AT CLAIM4 ,AS MORE & MORE ( EV]YDAY LIFE HAS COME UND] M$ICAL DOM9ION & SUP]VISION1 ! ALMO/ BEWILD]+ >RAY ( NEW !RAPIES WAS P>T ( AN UND]CUTT+ ( ! OLD]1 MA9LY ,FREUDIAN1 0SCI5TIFIC0 MODEL = BEHAVIOR4 ,9 ! %IFT ( !RAPEUTIC EXPECTATIONS1 A RADICAL HOPE APPE>$1 :I* W5T BEYOND M]ELY POSITIVE-?9K+ OR EMPTY CONFESSIONALI/ ASPECTS & IS DIFF]5T FROM QUIESC5CE4 

,A CURR5T =M ( SELF-HELP :I* CLE>LY REPRES5TS A /EP =W>D FROM BO? TRADITIONAL !RAPY1 COMMODIFI$ & UND] ! DIRECTION ( EXP]TIZE1 & ! MASS-M>KET$ SEM9>-9TRODUCTION SORT ( TRA9+ IS ! V]Y POPUL> 0SUPPORT GR\P40 ,NONCOMM]CIAL & BAS$ ON PE]-GR\P EQUALITY4 SUPPORT GR\PS = MANY TYPES ( EMOTIONAL DI/RESS HAVE QUADRUPL$ 9 NUMB] 9 ! PA/ T5 YE>S4 ,:]E !SE GR\PS DO NOT 5=CE ! #a#b-/EP IDEOLOGY ( 0ANONYM\S0 GR\PS 7E4G4 ,ALCOHOLICS ,ANONYM\S7 BAS$ ON ! 9DIVIDUAL'S SUBJECTION TO A 0,HI<] ,P[]0 7READ3 ALL CON/ITUT$ AU?ORITY & MO/ ( !M DO NOT-!Y PROVIDE A GREAT S\RCE ( SOLID>ITY1 & WORK AGA9/ ! DEPOLITICIZ+ =CE ( ILLNESS OR DI/RESS EXP]I5C$ 9 AN ISOLAT$ /ATE4 

,IF ! ,HUMAN ,POT5TIAL ,MOVEM5T ?\<T IT POSSIBLE TO RE-CREATE P]SONALITY & ?US TRANS=M LIFE1 ,NEW ,AGEISM GOES IT ONE BETT] ) ITS C5TRAL SLOGAN1 0,CREATE Y\R [N REALITY40 ,CONSID]+ ! ADVANC+1 9VASIVE DESOLATION1 AN ALT]NATIVE REALITY SEEMS DESIRABLE-! ET]NAL CONSOLATION ( RELIGION4 ,= ! ,NEW ,AGE1 BOOM+ S9CE ! MID-#a#i#hS1 IS ESS5TIALLY A RELIGI\S TURN+ AWAY FROM REALITY BY PEOPLE :O >E OV]LOAD$ BY FEEL+S ( HELPLESSNESS & P[]LESSNESS1 A MORE DEF9ITIVE TURN+ AWAY ?AN ?AT ( ! PREVAIL+ PSY*OLOGI/IC EVASION4 ,RELIGION 9V5TS A REALM ( NON-ALI5ATION TO COMP5SATE = ! ACTUAL ONE2 ,NEW ,AGE PHILOSOPHY ANN\NCES A COM+ NEW ]A ( H>MONY & PEACE1 OBVI\SLY 9V]T+ ! PRES5T1 UNACCEPTABLE /ATE4 ,AN UNDEM&+1 ECLECTIC1 MAT]IALI/IC SUB/ITUTE RELIGION :]E ANY BALM1 ANY OCCULT NONS5SE-*ANNEL+1 CRY/AL HEAL+1 RE9C>NATION1 RESCUE BY ,U,F,OS1 ETC4-GOES4 0,IT'S TRUE IF Y\ BELIEVE IT40 

,ANY?+ GOES1 SO LONG AS IT GOES ALONG ) :AT AU?ORITY HAS ORDA9$3 ANG] IS 0UNHEAL?Y10 0NEGATIVITY0 A CONDITION TO BE AVOID$ AT ALL CO/S4 ,FEM9ISM & ECOLOGY >E SUPPOS$LY 0ROOTS0 ( ! ,NEW ,AGE SC5E1 BUT LIKEWISE W]E MILITANT WORK]S A 0ROOT0 ( ! ,NAZI MOVEM5T 7,NATIONAL ,SOCIALI/ ,G]MAN ,WORK]S ,P>TY1 REMEMB]74 ,:I* BR+S TO M9D ! *IEF ,NEW ,AGE 9FLU5CE1 ,C>L ,JUNG4 ,IT IS UNKN[N OR IRRELEVANT TO 0NON JUDGM5TAL0 BLISS-SEEK]S ?AT 9 HIS ATTEMPT TO RESURRECT ALL ! OLD FAI?S & MY?S1 ,JUNG WAS LESS A PSY*OLOGI/ ?AN A FIGURE ( !OLOGY & REACTION ,FUR!R1 AS PRESID5T ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,SOCIETY = ,PSY*O!RAPY FROM #aicc TO #a#i#c#i1 HE PRESID$ OV] ITS ,NAZIFI$ ,G]MAN SECTION & CO-$IT$ ! ,Z5TRALBLATTFUR ,PSY*O!RAPIE 7) ,M4,H4 ,GOR+1 C\S9 ( ! ,REI*SM>%ALL ( ! SAME NAME74 

,/ILL GA!R+ /EAM1 APP>5TLY1 S9CE ! APPE>ANCE ( ,OTTO ,K]NB]G'S ,BORD]L9E ,CONDITIONS & PA?OLOGICAL ,N>CISSISM 7#a#i#g#e7 & ,! ,CULTURE ( ,N>CISSISM BY ,*RI/OPH] ,LAS* 7#a#i#g#h71 IS ! IDEA ?AT 0N>CISSI/IC P]SONALITY DISORD]S0 >E ! EPITOME ( :AT IS HAPP5+ TO ALL ( US1 & REPRES5T ! 0UND]LY+ *>ACT] /RUCTURE0 ( \R AGE ,N>CISSUS1 ! IMAGE ( SELF-LOVE & A GR[+ DEM& = FULFILLM5T1 HAS REPLAC$ ,O$IPUS1 ) ITS COMPON5TS ( GUILT & REPRESSION1 AS ! MY? ( \R TIME-A %IFT PROCLAIM$ & ADOPT$ F> BEYOND ! ,FREUDIAN COMMUNITY4 

,9 PASS+1 IT IS NOTEWOR?Y ?AT ?IS *ANGE1 UND]WAY S9CE ! '#fS1 SEEMS TO CONNECT MORE ) ! ,HUMAN ,POT5TIAL SE>* = SELF-DEVELOPM5T ?AN ) ,NEW ,AGE :OSE DEVOTEES TAKE !IR DESIRES LESS S]I\SLY4 ,COMMON ,NEW ,AGE NO/RUMS1 E4G4 0,Y\ >E 9F9ITELY CREATIVE10 0,Y\ HAVE UNLIMIT$ POT5TIAL10 SMACK ( A VAGUE WI%-FULFILLM5T SANITIZ$ AGA9/ ANG]1 BY ?OSE :O D\BT !IR [N CAPACITIES = *ANGE & GR[?4 ,?\< ! CONCEPT ( N>CISSISM IS SOME:AT ELUSIVE1 CL9ICALLY & SOCIALLY1 IT IS (T5 EXPRESS$ 9 A DEM&+1 AGGRESSIVE WAY ?AT FRI<T5S V>I\S P>TISANS ( TRADITIONAL AU?ORITY4 ,! ,HUMAN ,POT5TIAL PREOCCUPATION ) 0GETT+ 9 T\* ) ONE'S FEEL+S10 IT MU/ BE ADD$1 WAS NOT NE>LY AS /RONGLY SELF AFFIRM+ AS N>CISSISM IS1 :]E FEEL+S -- *IEFLY ANG] -- >E MORE P[]FUL ?AN ?OSE ?AT NE$ TO BE SE>*$ =4 

,LAS*'S ,CULTURE ( ,N>CISSISM REMA9S EXTREMELY 9FLU5TIAL AS A SOCIAL ANALYSIS ( ! TRANSITION FROM ,O$IPUS TO ,N>CISSUS1 GIV5 GREAT CURR5CY & PUBLICITY BY ?OSE :O LAM5T ?IS TURN+ AWAY FROM 9T]NALIZ$ SACRIFICE & RESPECT = AU?ORITY4 ,! 0NEW LEFTI/0 ,LAS* PROV$ HIMSELF A /RICT ,FREUDIAN1 & AN OV]TLY CONS]VATIVE ONE AT ?AT1 LOOK+ BACK NO/ALGICALLY AT ! DAYS ( ! AU?ORIT>IAN CONSCI5CE BAS$ ON /RONG P>5TAL & SOCIAL DISCIPL9E4 ,!RE IS NO TRACE ( REFUSAL 9 ,LAS*'S WORK1 :I* EMBRACES ! EXI/+ REPRESSIVE ORD] AS ! ONLY AVAILABLE MORALITY4 ,SIMIL> TO HIS S\R REJECTION ( ! 0IMPULSE-RIDD50 N>CISSI/IC P]SONALITY IS ,NEIL ,PO/MAN'S ,AMUS+ ,\RSELVES TO ,DEA? 7#a#i#h#e74 ,PO/MAN MORALIZES AB\T ! DECL9E ( POLITICAL DISC\RSE1 NO LONG] 0S]I\S0 BUT 0%RIVEL$ & ABSURD10 A CONDITION CAUS$ BY ! WIDESPREAD ATTITUDE ?AT 0AMUSEM5T & PLEASURE0 TAKE PREC$5CE OV] 0S]I\S PUBLIC 9VOLVEM5T40 ,S5NETT & ,BOOK*9 CAN BE M5TION$ AS TWO O!R ]/:ILE RADICALS :O SEE ! N>CISSI/IC )DRAWAL FROM ! PRES5T POLITICAL FRAMEWORK AS ANY?+ BUT POSITIVE OR SUBV]SIVE4 ,BUT EV5 AN OR?ODOX ,FREUDIAN LIKE ,RUSSELL ,JACOBY 7,TELOS1 ,SUMM] #a#i#h7 RECOGNIZ$ ?AT 9 ! CORROSION ( SACRIFICE1 0N>CISSISM H>BORS A PROTE/ 9 ! NAME ( 9DIVIDUAL HEAL? & HAPP9ESS10 & ,GILLES ,LIPOVETSKY CONSID]$ N>CISSISM 9 ,FRANCE TO HAVE BE5 BORN DUR+ ! ,MAY1 '#f#h UPRIS+S4 

,?US N>CISSISM IS MORE ?AN JU/ ! LOCATION ( DESIRE 9 ! SELF1 OR ! EQUALLY UBIQUIT\S NECESSITY TO MA9TA9 FEEL+S ( SELF-ID5TITY & SELF-E/EEM4 ,!RE >E MORE & MORE 0N>CISSI/ICALLY TR\BL$0 PEOPLE1 PRODUCTS ( ! LOVELESSNESS & EXTREME ALI5ATION ( MOD]N DIVID$ SOCIETY1 & ITS CULTURAL & SPIRITUAL IMPOV]I%M5T4 ,DEEP FEEL+S ( EMPT9ESS *>ACT]IZE ! N>CISSI/1 C\PL$ ) A B\NDLESS RAGE1 (T5 JU/ UND] ! SURFACE1 AT ! S5SE ( DEP5D5CY FELT BECAUSE ( DOM9AT$ LIFE1 & ! HOLL[NESS ( ONE />V$ BY A DEFICI5T REALITY4 

,FREUDIAN !ORY ATTRIBUTES ! COMMON TRAIT ( DEFIANCE TO AN IMMATURE 0CL++ TO ANAL ]OTICISM10 :ILE IGNOR+ ,SOCIETY JU/ AS ,LAS* EXPRESSES HIS FE> ( 0N>CISSI/IC RES5TM5T & 9SUBORD9ATION0 9 A P>ALLEL DEF5SE ( OPPRESSIVE EXI/5CE4 ,! ANGRY LONG+ = AUTONOMY & SELF-WOR? BR+S TO M9D ANO!R CLA% ( VALUES ?AT RELATES TO VALUE ITSELF4 ,9 EA* ( US LIVES A N>CISSI/ :O WANTS TO BE LOV$ = HIMSELF OR H]SELF & NOT = HIS OR H] ABILITIES1 OR EV5 QUALITIES4 ,VALUE P] SE1 9TR9SIC-A DANG]\SLY ANTI-9/RUM5TAL1 ANTI-CAPITAL ORI5TATION4 ,TO A ,FREUDIAN !RAPI/ LIKE ,>NOLD ,RO?/E91 ?IS 0EXPECTATION ?AT ! WORLD %\LD GRATIFY HIM JU/ BECAUSE HE WI%ES IT0 IS REPUGNANT4 ,HE PRESCRIBES L5G?Y PSY*OANALYSIS :I* WILL ULTIMATELY P]MIT AN ACCEPTANCE ( 0! RELATIVE PASSIVITY1 HELPLESSNESS1 & VULN]ABILITY IMPLICIT 9 ! HUMAN CONDITION40 

,O!RS HAVE SE5 9 N>CISSISM ! HUNG] = A QUALITATIVELY DIFF]5T WORLD4 ,NORMAN ,O4 ,BR[N REF]R$ TO ITS PROJECT ( 0LOV+ UNION ) ! WORLD10 :ILE ! FEM9I/ ,/EPHANIE ,5GEL HAS >GU$ ?AT 0! CALL BACK TO ! MEMORY ( ORIG9AL N>CISSI/IC BLISS PU%ES US T[>D A DREAM ( ! FUTURE40 ,M>CUSE SAW N>CISSISM AS AN ESS5TIAL ELEM5T ( UTOPIAN ?\<T1 A MY?IC /RUCTURE CELEBRAT+ & YE>N+ = COMPLET5ESS4 

,! ,PSY*OLOGICAL ,SOCIETY (F]S1 ( C\RSE1 EV]Y V>IETY ( COMMODITY1 FROM CLO!S & C>S TO BOOKS & !RAPIES4 = EV]Y LIFE-/YLE1 9 A VA9 EF=T TO ASSUAGE ! PREVAIL+ APPETITE = AU!NTICITY4 ,DEBORD WAS RI<T 9 HIS C\NSEL ?AT ! MORE WE CAPITULATE TO A RECOGNITION ( SELF 9 ! DOM9ANT IMAGES ( NE$1 ! LESS WE UND]/& \R [N EXI/5CE & DESIRES4 ,! IMAGES SOCIETY PROVIDES DO NOT P]MIT US TO F9D \RSELVES AT HOME !RE1 & ONE SEES 9/EAD A RAV5+1 9FURIAT+ S5SE ( D5IAL & LOSS1 :I* NOM9ATES 0N>CISSISM0 AS A SUBV]SIVE CONFIGURATION ( MIS]Y4 ,TWO C5TURIES AGO ,S*ILL] SPOKE ( ! 0W\ND0 CIVILIZATION HAS 9FLICT$ ON MOD]N HUMANITY-DIVISION ( LABOR4 ,9 ANN\NC+ ! AGE ( 0PSY*OLOGICAL MAN10 ,PHILIP ,RIEFF DISC]N$ A CULTURE 09 :I* TE*NICS IS 9VAD+ & CONQU]+ ! LA/ 5EMY-MAN'S 9N] LIFE1 ! PSY*E ITSELF40 ,9 ! SPECIALI/ CULTURE ( \R BUREAUCRATIC-9DU/RIAL AGE1 ! RELIANCE ON EXP]TS TO 9T]PRET & EVALUATE 9N] LIFE IS 9 ITSELF ! MO/ MALIGNANT & 9VASIVE REA* ( DIVISION ( LABOR4 ,AS WE HAVE BECOME MORE ALI5 FROM \R [N EXP]I5CES1 :I* >E PROCESS$1 /&>DIZ$1 LABEL$1 & SUBJECT$ TO HI]>*ICAL CONTROL1 TE*NOLOGY EM]GES AS ! P[] BEH9D \R MIS]Y & ! MA9 =M ( IDEOLOGICAL DOM9ATION4 ,9 FACT1 TE*NOLOGY COMES TO REPLACE IDEOLOGY4 ,! =CE DE=M+ US /&S 9CREAS+LY REVEAL$1 :ILE ILLUSIONS >E GR\ND AWAY BY ! PROCESS ( IMMIS]ATION4 

,LAS* & O!RS MAY RES5T & TRY TO DISC\NT ! DEM&+ NATURE ( ! CONTEMPOR>Y 0PSY*OLOGICAL0 SPIRIT1 BUT :AT IS CONTE/$ HAS CLE>LY WID5$ = A GREAT MANY1 EV5 IF ! \TCOME IS EQUALLY UNCLE>4 ,?US ! ,PSY*OLOGICAL ,SOCIETY MAY BE FAIL+ TO DEFLECT OR EV5 DEF] CONFLICT BY MEANS ( ITS FAVORITE QUE/ION1 0,CAN ONE *ANGE80 ,! REAL QUE/ION IS :E!R ! WORLD-?AT-5=CES-\R-9ABILITY-TO-*ANGE CAN BE =C$ TO *ANGE1 & BEYOND RECOGNITION4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

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