,! ,MOVEM5T AS ,BATTLEGR\ND 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CRIME?,9C4 

,TEXT 3 

,9 RESPONSE TO ,EMMANUEL ,MACRON'S PROPOSAL TO 9CREASE ! TAX ON FUEL = 0ECOLOGICAL0 REASONS1 ,FRANCE HAS EXP]I5C$ SEV]AL WEEKS ( UNRE/ ASSOCIAT$ ) ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T4 ,?IS GRASSROOTS UPRIS+ ILLU/RATES H[ ! CONTRADICTIONS ( MOD]N C5TRISM--SU* AS ! FALSE DI*OTOMY BETWE5 ADDRESS+ CLIMATE *ANGE & CONSID]+ ! NE$S ( ! POOR--CAN CREATE SOCIAL MOVEM5TS ?AT (F] F]TILE GR\ND = POPULI/S & NATIONALI/S4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 ! 9CREAS+ 9VOLVEM5T ( AN>*I/S & O!R AUTONOM\S REBELS 9 ! UNRE/ RAISES IMPORTANT QUE/IONS4 ,IF F>-RI<T GR\PS CAN HIJACK MOVEM5TS1 AS !Y DID 9 ,UKRA9E & ,BRAZIL1 CAN ANTI-CAPITALI/S & ANTI-AU?ORIT>IANS REORI5T !M T[>DS MORE SY/EMIC SOLUTIONS8 

,ON ,TUESDAY1 ,DECEMB] #d1 ! ,MACRON GOV]NM5T (F]$ ITS FIR/ CONCESSION1 DELAY+ ! FUEL TAX = SIX MON?S4 ,BUT ! /ORY HAS YET TO REA* ITS CLIMAX4 ,PROTE/S & POLICE VIOL5CE >\ND ,FRANCE CONT9UE UNABAT$2 N[ TRUCK DRIV]S & HI< S*OOL /UD5TS >E 9VOLV$4 ,! YELL[ VE/ MODEL HAS ALREADY SPREAD TO ,BELGIUM & !RE >E DEMON/RATIONS CALL$ 9 ,SPA9 & ,G]MANY4 

,ANO!R DAY ( ACTION HAS BE5 CALL$ = ?IS ,SATURDAY2 = ! FIR/ TIME S9CE ! BEG9N+ ( ! MOVEM5T1 TRADE UNIONS HAVE (FICIALLY ANN\NC$ ?AT !Y WILL TAKE P>T4 ,RAIL WORK]S1 /UD5TS1 & ANTI-RACI/S >E CALL+ = PEOPLE TO GA!R AT #a AM NE> ,SA9T ,LAZ>E TRA9 /ATION4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 IT SEEMS ?AT ANO!R ANTI-FASCI/ & ANTI-CAPITALI/ BLOC IS PLANN$ = ,SATURDAY4 ,! GOV]NM5T IS PREP>+ TO 9T5SIFY /ATE VIOL5CE ONCE MORE 9 RESPONSE TO ?IS4 ,ALL ! MEMB]S ( ! GOV]NM5T SAY ?AT !Y >E 0REALLY SC>$ = ,SATURDAY40 

,AS SEEMS USUAL !SE DAYS1 NO ONE ON ANY SIDE ( ! CONFLICT SEEMS TO HAVE ANY /RATEGY 9 M9D EXCEPT TO CONT9UE ESCALAT+4 

,BUT :O WILL B5EFIT FROM ?IS ESCALATION8 ,WILL IT RADICALIZE ORD9>Y PEOPLE1 EQUIPP+ !M TO DEF5D !IR LIVELIHOODS AGA9/ NEOLIB]AL AU/]ITY MEASURES BY MEANS ( DIRECT ACTION8 ,WILL IT (F] ! POLICE /ATE A NEW JU/IFICATION = FUR!R REPRESSIVE LAWS & MEASURES8 ,WILL IT BR+ A F>-RI<T NATIONALI/ GOV]NM5T 9TO P[] 9 PLACE ( ! GOV]NM5T ( ,MACRON8 

,LIKEWISE1 IF ?IS 9T]NALLY CONTRADICTORY MOVEM5T SPREADS TO O!R P>TS ( ,EUROPE1 :AT ASPECTS ( IT WILL SPREAD8 ,WILL IT SUPPLANT X5OPHOBIC POPULISM ) POPUL> RAGE AB\T ! ECONOMY1 CLE>+ ! WAY = A NEW WAVE ( ANTI-CAPITALISM8 ,WILL IT (F] A VEHICLE = ! F> RI<T TO CREATE A SURGE ( GRASSROOTS NATIONALISM1 OP5+ A NEW ]A ( FASCI/ /REET VIOL5CE8 ,WILL IT CONT9UE TO BE A BATTLEGR\ND ON :I* NATIONALI/S1 AN>*I/S1 & O!RS VIE TO DET]M9E :AT =M ! OPPOSITION TO C5TRI/S LIKE ,MACRON WILL TAKE 9 ! YE>S TO COME8 

,9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 9 LESS REACTION>Y TIMES1 ! ,OCCUPY MOVEM5T SAW SOME ( ! SAME CONFLICTS EM]GE4 ,LEGALI/IC LIB]ALS1 LEFTI/ PACIFI/S1 9SURRECTIONI/ AN>*I/S1 F>-RI<T CRYPTO-FASCI/S1 & UNAFFILIAT$ ANGRY POOR PEOPLE ALL CONV]G$ 9 ! MOVEM5T & F\<T TO DET]M9E ITS *>ACT]4 ,AT FIR/1 IT WAS UNCLE> :E!R ,OCCUPY W\LD BE MO/ USEFUL TO MIDDLE-CLASS DEMOCRATS1 RI<T-W+ CONSPIRACY !ORI/S1 OR ! G5U9ELY POOR & DESP]ATE2 9 FACT1 9 ,SEPTEMB] #b#a#a1 WE HE>D SOME ( ! SAME PESSIMISM AB\T ,OCCUPY ?AT WE HE>D FROM AN>*I/S AB\T ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T 9 ,NOVEMB] #b#a#h4 ,H[EV]1 AFT] A FEW WEEKS1 AN>*I/S & O!R MILITANT OPPON5TS ( CAPITALISM & :ITE SUPREMACY SEIZ$ ! 9ITIATIVE1 ESPECIALLY 9 ,OCCUPY ,OAKL&1 FOCUS+ ! MOVEM5T ON CONFRONT+ ! ROOT CAUSES ( POV]TY & 5SUR+ ?AT MANY ( ! PEOPLE :O W]E RADICALIZ$ DUR+ ,OCCUPY ADOPT$ EMANCIPATORY RA!R ?AN REACTION>Y POLITICS4 

,WE SAW ! OPPOSITE PROCESS PLAY \T 9 ,UKRA9E TWO YE>S LAT]1 :5 FASCI/S GA9$ ! 9ITIATIVE VIA ! V]Y SAME APPROA* AN>*I/S HAD US$ 9 ,OCCUPY ,OAKL&--TAK+ ! FRONT L9ES 9 CLA%ES ) ! POLICE & =C+ !IR POLITICAL ADV]S>IES \T ( ORGANIZ+ SPACES4 

,TODAY1 ! F> RI<T HAS MADE CONSID]ABLE GA9S S9CE #b#a#d1 & CONFLICTS WORLDWIDE >E PLAY+ \T AT A MU* FI]C] PIT* ?AN !Y W]E 9 ! DAYS ( ,OCCUPY4 ,FRANCE HAS A LONG HI/ORY ( MOVEM5TS = LIB]ATION1 9CLUD+ MANY P[]FUL /RUGGLES OV] ! PA/ DECADE & A HALF4 ,HOPEFULLY1 !SE HAVE CREAT$ P[]FUL NETWORKS ?AT WILL NOT LET NATIONALI/S TAKE ! LEAD 9 DET]M9+ :AT SOCIAL MOVEM5TS 9 ,FRANCE WILL LOOK LIKE4 

,BUT EV5 IF WE UND]/& ! MOVEM5T ITSELF AS A BATTLEGR\ND1 ?AT ONLY POSES FUR!R QUE/IONS4 ,:AT IS ! BE/ WAY TO 9FLU5CE ! *>ACT] ( A MOVEM5T8 ,H[ DO WE 5GAGE 9 ?IS /RUGGLE 9 A WAY ?AT DOESN'T WEAK5 ! MOVEM5T1 (F]+ ! ADVANTAGE TO ! POLICE8 ,H[ DO WE REMA9 FOCUS$ ON CONNECT+ ) O!R ORD9>Y P>TICIPANTS 9 ! MOVEM5T RA!R ?AN GETT+ MIR$ 9 A PRIVATE GRUDGE MAT* ) FASCI/S8 

,9 ORD] TO EXPLORE !SE QUE/IONS 9 GREAT] DETAIL1 WE PRES5T ! FOLL[+ UPDATE FROM ,FRANCE4 ,?IS REPORT PICKS UP :]E \R PREVI\S ANALYSIS LEFT (F1 9 ! AFT]MA? ( ! YELL[ VE/ DEMON/RATION ( ,NOVEMB] #b#d4 

,! ,AFT]MA? ( ,NOVEMB] #bd 

  

,A WEEK AGO1 TOTAL CONFUSION REIGN$ AB\T ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T--& )9 IT4 ,! SELF-PROCLAIM$ 0LEAD]LESS10 0SPONTANE\S10 & 0APOLITICAL0 MOVEM5T AGA9/ ! 9CREASE ( TAXES ON GAS HAD REA*$ ITS FIR/ IMPASSE4 ,H[ C\LD ! MOVEM5T REMA9 UNIFI$ :5 PEOPLE FROM ACROSS ! 5TIRE POLITICAL SPECTRUM W]E P>TICIPAT+ ) COMPLETELY CONTRADICTORY VIEWS AB\T H[ TO ADDRESS ! GOV]NM5T1 :AT SORT ( TACTICS TO EMPLOY1 & :AT N>RATIVES TO RALLY >\ND8 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 H[ C\LD ! MOVEM5T RESI/ ! ATTEMPTS FROM POLITICAL OPPORTUNI/S & P>TY LEAD]S TO COOPT IT1 :ILE CONT9U+ TO PU%8 ,! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T WAS FRACTUR+ OV] !SE ISSUES4 

,! DAY AFT] ! ,P>ISIAN DEMON/RATION ON ,SATURDAY1 ,NOVEMB] #bd ?AT SAW ! AV5UE ( ! ,*AMPS ,ELYSEES TRANS=M$ 9TO A BATTLEFIELD BETWE5 DEMON/RATORS & POLICE1 P>T ( ! MOVEM5T VOT$ TO ELECT EI<T (FICIAL SPOKESP]SONS4 ,9 DO+ SO1 !Y HOP$ TO RE9TRODUCE SOME GOOD OLD-FA%ION$ HI]>*Y & C5TRALIZATION 9TO ! MOVEM5T1 SO AS TO E/ABLI% DIALOGUE ) ! GOV]NM5T4 

,ONCE AGA91 ) !SE ELECTIONS1 IT WAS NOT EASY TO MA9TA9 ! APPE>ANCE ?AT ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T WAS 0APOLITICAL40 ,TWO ( ! NEWLY ELECT$ SPOKESP]SONS HAD CONNECTIONS ) ! F>-RI<T3 

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,?OMAS ,MIRALLES RAN = ! ,FRONT ,NATIONAL 7N[ ,RASSEMBLEM5T ,NATIONAL7 9 ! #bad MUNICIPAL ELECTIONS4 ,TO DEF5D HIMSELF1 HE DESCRIBES ?IS POLITICAL EXP]I5CE AS 0A Y\?FUL MI/AKE0 & EMPHASIZES ?AT S9CE ?AT ELECTION1 HE 0HAS NEV] CAMPAIGN$ AGA940 

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,ON SOCIAL M$IA1 ,]IC ,DR\ET HAS %>$ VIDEOS AGA9/ MIGRANTS & EXPRESS$ >GUM5TS US$ BY ! X5OPHOBIC F> RI<T4 ,KN[+ ?AT ?IS C\LD T>NI% HIS NEW 0RESPECTABLE0 IMAGE AS A SPOKESP]SON ( ! MOVEM5T1 HE DELET$ ALL HIS ,FACEBOOK PUBLICATIONS UP TO ,NOVEMB] #a#h4 

,H[EV]1 !SE ELECTIONS W]E REJECT$ BY ANO!R P>T ( ! MOVEM5T ?AT REFUS$ TO FALL 9TO ! TRAPS ( REPRES5TATION & NEGOTIATION4 ,SOME YELL[ VE/]S EXPLICITLY REJECT ! CONCEPT ( REPRES5TATION3 RA!R ?AN HAV+ A SPOKESP]SON1 ! IDEA IS ?AT EV]Y P>TICIPANT %\LD SPEAK = HIMSELF OR H]SELF4 ,MOREOV]1 AFT] ! 9T5SE CONFRONTATIONS ?AT TOOK PLACE DUR+ ! ,NOVEMB] #bd DEMON/RATION 9 ,P>IS1 SEV]AL LOCAL ORGANIZ]S DECID$ TO DI/ANCE !MSELVES FROM ! MOVEM5T4 

,! CONFLICT )9 ! MOVEM5T DIDN'T /OP SOME DET]M9$ YELL[ VE/]S FROM CALL+ = ANO!R DAY ( ACTION ON ,SATURDAY1 ,DECEMB] #a1 9 ORD] TO 9CREASE ! PRESSURE ON ! GOV]NM5T TO RESC9D ! TAX--OR SIMPLY TO DE/ABILIZE ! GOV]NM5T ITSELF4 ,! TONE WAS SET6 

,! ,GOV]NM5T ,TRIES ,DIALOGUE 

  

,IT IS CLE> N[ ?AT ! ,FR5* GOV]NM5T WAS NOT EXPECT+ ! DEMON/RATORS' RAGE TO ESCALATE1 PRODUC+ H\RS ( RIOT+ 9 ,P>IS4 ,:5 ANO!R CALL APPE>$ TO DEMON/RATE 9 ,P>IS ! FOLL[+ WEEK5D1 ! GOV]NM5T REALIZ$ ?AT !Y W]E LOS+ CONTROL ( ! SITUATION4 ,?IS IS :Y1 AFT] WEEKS ( EXPRESS+ CONTEMPT T[>DS ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T1 MEMB]S ( ! GOV]NM5T *ANG$ !IR /RATEGY 9 HOPES ( PACIFY+ ! SITUATION4 ,9 ?IS REG>D1 ! DECISION TO ELECT (FICIAL SPOKESP]SONS = ! MOVEM5T WAS A /RATEGIC MI/AKE1 9 ?AT IT FACILITAT$ ! GOV]NM5T'S EF=TS TO E/ABLI% A 0DIALOGUE0 9 :I* POLITICIANS W\LD DICTATE T]MS TO REPRES5TATIVES :O W\LD !N DICTATE !M TO P>TICIPANTS4 

,ON ,TUESDAY1 ,NOVEMB] #b#g1 ,PRESID5T ,MACRON MADE A PUBLIC SPEE* 9 ORD] TO PRES5T ! CREATION ( ! ,HAUT ,CONSEIL P\R LE ,CLIMAT 7! ,HI< ,C\NCIL = ,CLIMATE71 ! PURPOSE ( :I* IS TO 0PROVIDE AN 9DEP5D5T P]SPECTIVE ON ! ,GOV]NM5T'S CLIMATE POLICY40 ,DUR+ HIS SPEE*1 ,PRESID5T ,MACRON *ANG$ HIS /RATEGY BY DIRECTLY ADDRESS+ SOME ( ! DEM&S & CONC]NS ( ! YELL[ VE/]S1 PRES5T+ HIMSELF AS A P$AGOGUE WILL+ TO LI/5 TO :AT PEOPLE HAVE TO SAY4 ,?IS POLITICAL MASQU]ADE FAIL$2 MANY MEMB]S ( ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T REJECT$ ! SO-CALL$ 0HELP+ H&0 (F]$ BY ! PRESID5T & CRITICIZ$ HIS HYPOCRISY1 AS ,MACRON HAD CATEGORICALLY REFUS$ TO MEET SOME YELL[ VE/]S JU/ ?AT MORN+4 

,LAT] ?AT DAY1 AT ! REQUE/ ( ,PRESID5T ,MACRON1 ! ,M9I/] ( ,ECOLOGICAL ,TRANSITION1 ,FRANCOIS DE ,RUGY1 RECEIV$ ! LEAD+ FIGURES ( ! MOVEM5T4 ,?IS MEET+ WAS SUPPOS$ TO E/ABLI% SOME K9D ( DIALOGUE BETWE5 ! GOV]NM5T & ! MOVEM5T 9 ORD] TO F9D AN EXIT FROM ! SITUATION4 ,H[EV]1 AFT] TWO H\RS1 ! DEADLOCK REMA9$4 ,UNCONV9C$ BY !IR EX*ANGE ) ! M9I/]1 ! TWO SPOKESP]SONS REAFFIRM$ !IR 9T5TION TO DEMON/RATE ON ,SATURDAY1 ,DECEMB] #a4 

,UND]/&+ ?AT ! SITUATION WAS ESCALAT+ AS MORE & MORE YELL[ VE/]S REJECT$ ! IDEA ( DIALOGUE & COMMITT$ TO GA!R+ 9 ! /REETS1 ! GOV]NM5T TRI$ ONE MORE TIME TO REE/ABLI% DIALOGUE4 ,ON ,NOVEMB] #c1 ,PRIME ,M9I/] ,$\>D ,PHILIPPE 9VIT$ ! EI<T SPOKESP]SONS ( ! MOVEM5T TO A MEET+4 ,?IS MEET+ WAS A FAILURE1 TOO3 9 ! 5D1 ONLY ONE SPOKESP]SON \T ( EI<T MET ) ! ,PRIME ,M9I/] & ! ,M9I/] ( ,ECOLOGICAL ,TRANSITION4 ,A SECOND SPOKESP]SON1 ,JASON ,H]B]T1 LEFT ! MEET+ %ORTLY AFT] IT BEGAN4 

,A ,F]TILE ,GR\ND = ,POPULI/S 

  

,?AT SAME WEEK1 ! SELF-PROCLAIM$ 0LEGALI/0 & 0(FICIAL0 P>T ( ! MOVEM5T1 9CLUD+ ! ELECT$ LEAD]S & SPOKESP]SONS = ! YELL[ VE/S1 PRES5T$ TRADITIONAL M$IA \TLETS ) #db DEM&S4 ,LOOK+ AT ?IS LI/1 IT IS EASY TO SEE ! CONFUSION )9 ! MOVEM5T1 BUT ALSO TO ID5TIFY SOME ( ! POLITICAL 9FLU5CES ?AT ITS PROTAGONI/S %>E4 

,! LI/ 9CLUDES DEM&S FROM EV]Y POSITION ON ! POLITICAL SPECTRUM4 ,!RE >E SOCIAL DEM&S SU* AS 9CREAS+ M9IMUM WAGE1 FI<T+ HOMELESSNESS1 & 9CREAS+ F9ANCIAL ASSI/ANCE TO H&ICAPP$ PEOPLE4 ,BUT !RE >E ALSO REACTION>Y DEM&S1 9CLUD+ DEPORT+ IMMIGRANTS :O HAV5'T RECEIV$ ! RI<T TO ASYLUM1 BLOCK+ MIGRATION1 DEVELOP+ A POLICY ( ASSIMILATION = ?OSE :O WANT TO LIVE 9 ,FRANCE1 9CREAS+ ! PRESID5TIAL T]M FROM #e TO #g YE>S1 & PROVID+ MORE FUND+ TO ! ,JU/ICE DEP>TM5T1 ! POLICE =CES1 & ! >MY4 

,ALONGSIDE !SE DEM&S1 WE SAW ! N[ 0CLASSIC0 OPPOSITION TO ! 9CREASE ( TAXES ON GAS1 AS WELL AS SOME ECOLOGICAL1 PROTECTIONI/1 & NATIONALI/ >GUM5TS4 ,! 0LEGALI/0 OR 0(FICIAL0 P>T ( ! MOVEM5T WAS PLAY+ A DANG]\S GAME 9 GIV+ POPULI/S FROM ! LEFT TO ! F> RI<T REASON TO SUPPORT ! MOVEM5T1 IF NOT 5ABL+ !M TO COOPT IT COMPLETELY4 

,JEAN-,LUC ,MEL5*ON1 LEAD] ( ! LEFTI/ POPULI/ P>TY ,FRANCE ,9S\MISE1 PUBLICLY D5IES ?AT HIS P>TY HAS 5GAG$ 9 ANY EF=TS TO COOPT ! MOVEM5T2 9 REALITY1 ! POPULI/ LEAD]1 :O IS OBSESS$ ) ! IDEA ( A COM+ 0CITIZ5S' REVOLUTION10 IS HOP+ ?AT ! ANG] 9 ! /REETS WILL WEAK5 ,MACRON'S GOV]NM5T4 ,?IS IS PURELY OPPORTUNI/IC1 AS ! LEFTI/ POPULI/ P>TY AIMS TO 9CREASE ITS RANKS BY ATTRACT+ 0ANGRY0 VOT]S 9 ! #bai ,EUROPEAN ELECTIONS4 

,ON ! O!R SIDE ( ! POLITICAL SPECTRUM1 EMBOLD5$ BY ! WAVE ( F>-RI<T VICTORIES 9 ! ,U,S1 ,ITALY1 & ,BRAZIL1 NATIONALI/S KN[ ?AT ?IS MOVEM5T ( COLLECTIVE ANG] REPRES5TS A GREAT OPPORTUNITY = !M TO GA9 P[] & CONFIRM !IR /ATUS AS A 0REAL POLITICAL ALT]NATIVE0 TO ! CURR5T GOV]NM5T4 ,NICOLAS ,DUPONT-,AIGNAN1 LEAD] ( ,DEB\T ,LA ,FRANCE1 HAS BE5 SUPPORT+ ! MOVEM5T FROM ! BEG9N+1 & SOME YELL[ VE/]S >E MEMB]S ( HIS POLITICAL P>TY--,FRANK ,BUHL]1 = EXAMPLE1 :OSE VIDEO BECAME VIRAL ONL9E4 

,M>9E ,LE ,P51 LEAD] ( ! ,RASSEMBLEM5T ,NATIONAL1 BELIEVES ?AT ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T REPRES5TS :AT %E'S BE5 DESCRIB+ = YE>S AS 0! ,FRANCE ( ! PEOPLE LEFT BEH9D40 ,! NATIONALI/ P>TY BELIEVES ?AT 0,YELL[ VE/]S LOOK LIKE \R VOT]S4 ,UNHAPPY & UNLUCKY PEOPLE BECAUSE !Y >E USUALLY 9VISIBLE1 & :O HAVE A /RONG CONTEMPT = POLITICIANS40 ,?IS EXPLA9S :Y ! ,RASSEMBLEM5T ,NATIONAL HAS BE5 EXTREMELY CAUTI\S 9 T]MS ( /RATEGY4 ,!Y FE> ?AT IF !Y ATTEMPT TO COOPT ! MOVEM5T TOO OBVI\SLY1 !Y C\LD TURN ! DEMON/RATORS AGA9/ !M4 ,!Y DECID$ 9/EAD TO (F] V]BAL SUPPORT TO ! DEMON/RATIONS )\T !IR LEAD]S M>*+ 9 ! /REETS ALONGSIDE PROTE/]S4 ,!Y HAVE CONC5TRAT$ ON COMMUNICAT+ & DEF5D+ SOME ( ! 0#d#b DEM&S0 9 CORPORATE M$IA \TLETS4 ,M>ION ,M>E*AL ,LE ,P51 NIECE ( ,M>9E ,LE ,P51 SAID ?AT %E WAS PRES5T AT ! ,*AMPS ,ELYSEES ON ,NOVEMB] #bd & DESCRIB$ H]SELF AS 0AN >D5T MORAL SUPPORT = ! YELL[ VE/]S' SUFF]+10 CLAIM+ TO HAVE 0A LOT ( EMPA?Y = !M40 

,PREP>+ = ! ,UNKN[N 

  

,FRU/RAT$ AT HAV+ FAIL$ TO NEUTRALIZE ! MOVEM5T ?R\< DIALOGUE1 & FE>+ ?AT1 = ! SECOND WEEK 9 A R[1 IMAGES ( *AOS 9 ! /REETS ( ,P>IS W\LD DOM9ATE ! AIRWAVES1 ! GOV]NM5T DECID$ TO TAKE EV]Y POSSIBLE MEASURE TO MA9TA9 ITS PRECI\S REPUBLICAN ORD] DUR+ ! DEMON/RATIONS ( ,SATURDAY1 ,DECEMB] #a4 

,TO SECURE ! CAPITAL CITY1 PREV5T OR CONTA9 CONFRONTATIONS1 & DEAL ) ! 9FILTRATION ( RADICALS & 0EXTREMI/ ELEM5TS10 ! GOV]NM5T >RANG$ #e ANTI-RIOT POLICE 7,G5D>MES & ,C,R,S7 = ! DAY4 ,!IR MISSION WAS TO CONTROL ALL ! ACCESS R\TES TO ! ,*AMPS ,ELYSEES1 ! MEET+ LOCATION ( ! DEMON/RATION4 ,TO 5SURE ?AT NO DANG]\S OBJECTS OR POSSIBLE PROJECTILES W\LD BE BR\<T 9SIDE ! DEMON/RATION1 ! AU?ORITIES FILT]$ ! ACCESS PO9TS1 SE>*+ EV]Y S+LE P]SON :O WANT$ TO 5T] ! P]IMET]4 ,!SE CONTROLS W]E TO BE 9 EFFECT FROM #f AM ON ,SATURDAY1 ,DECEMB] #a UNTIL #b AM ON ,SUNDAY1 ,DECEMB] #b4 

,9 ORD] TO PROTECT ! MO/ IMPORTANT BUILD+S1 SYMBOLS1 & ORGANS ( P[]1 ! AU?ORITIES DESIGNAT$ RE/RICT$ >EAS :]E FRE$OM ( MOVEM5T W\LD BE LIMIT$4 ,ALL ACCESS TO ! ,ELYSEE 7! ,PRESID5TIAL PALACE71 ! ,PLACE ,BEAUVAU 7! ,M9I/RY ( ! ,9T]IOR71 ! ,HOTEL ,MATIGNON 7! ,PRIME ,M9I/]'S (FICE71 OR ! ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY WAS SEAL$ (F COMPLETELY = ! DAY4 

,ANO!R REASON ! GOV]NM5T TOOK ALL ?OSE SAFETY MEASURES WAS ?AT ! YELL[ VE/S W]E NOT ! ONLY GR\P DEMON/RAT+ ?AT DAY 9 ,P>IS4 ,AT #a AM1 RAILWAY WORK]S W]E SUPPOS$ TO GA!R NE> ! ,SA9T ,LAZ>E TRA9 /ATION TO DEF5D !IR /ATUS2 !Y PLANN$ TO JO9 ! YELL[ VE/]S AFT] !IR ACTION4 ,AT #ab PM1 O!R TRADE UNIONS W]E GA!R+ = A TRADITIONAL ANNUAL M>* AGA9/ UNEMPLOYM5T & PREC>I\SNESS4 ,AT #a PM1 SEV]AL COLLECTIVES ( ,P>ISIAN SUBURBS & ANTI-FASCI/S DECID$ TO GA!R AT ,SA9T ,LAZ>E TO JO9 ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T4 

,9 %ORT1 ON ! EVE ( ! ,DECEMB] #a NATIONAL DAY ( ACTION1 ALL ! ELEM5TS W]E COMB9+ TO MAKE = A TRULY EXPLOSIVE MIXTURE 9 ! /REETS ( ,P>IS4 

,! ,FUZE ,IS ,LIT444 

  

,DUE TO ! DRAMATIC SCOPE ( :AT HAPP5$ ON ,DECEMB] #a1 WE CANNOT PROVIDE AN EXHAU/IVE LI/ ( ALL ! ACTIONS & CONFRONTATIONS ?AT TOOK PLACE 9 ! /REETS ( ,P>IS ?AT DAY4 ,?IS IS ONLY AN 9COMPLETE OV]VIEW ( ! C\RSE ( EV5TS4 ,ALSO1 9 REF]5CE TO ! IMAGES & /ORIES PRES5T$ H]E91 IT BE>S SAY+ ?AT SOME ( ! PROTAGONI/S MAY BE MEMB]S ( ! F> RI<T4 

,E>LY 9 ! MORN+1 ! FIR/ DEMON/RATORS BEGAN TO CONV]GE ON ! ,*AMPS ,ELYSEES4 ,POLICE W]E ALREADY DEPLOY$ & ON ! AL]T2 ALL YELL[ VE/]S W]E SE>*$ BE=E 5T]+ ! P]IMET] ( ! DEMON/RATION4 ,! TRAP SET UP BY ! GOV]NM5T WAS 9 EFFECT4 ,DUR+ ! FIR/ FEW H\RS ( ! DAY1 POLICE >RE/$ SEV]AL 9DIVIDUALS ON ACCUSATIONS ( POSSESS+ WEAPONS & PROJECTILES4 

,SURPRIS+LY1 ! SAFETY PLAN SET UP BY AU?ORITIES PROTECT$ ! AV5UE ( ! ,*AMPS ,ELYSEES1 BUT NOT ! ,PLACE DE L',ETOILE--! L>GE TRAFFIC CIRCLE >\ND ! ,>C DE ,TRIOMPHE4 ,PROPOS$ BY ,NAPOLEON ,I 9 #a#h#f1 ! ,>C DE ,TRIOMPHE WAS 9AUGURAT$ 9 #ahcf BY ,L\IS ,PHILIPPE1 !N ,K+ ( ,FRANCE1 :O D$ICAT$ ! MONUM5T TO ! >MIES ( ! ,REVOLUTION & ! ,EMPIRE4 ,9 #a#i#b#a1 ! ,FR5* GOV]NM5T BURI$ ! ,UNKN[N ,SOLDI] ( ,WORLD ,W> ,I B5EA? IT4 ,! FLAME ( REMEMBRANCE IS REVIV$ EV]YDAY & (FICIAL MILIT>Y COMMEMORATIONS TAKE PLACE ANNUALLY 9 FRONT ( ! FLAME4 ,! MONUM5T IS A SYMBOL ( ,FR5* GLORY4 

,AW>E ?AT ! ,>C DE ,TRIOMPHE WAS NOT UND] POLICE CONTROL1 & KN[+ ?AT1 TO ACCESS ! ,*AMPS ,ELYSEES1 !Y W\LD HAVE TO SUBMIT TO A SE>* & HAVE !IR ID5TITIES *ECK$1 DEMON/RATORS BEGAN TO GA!R >\ND ! MONUM5T1 JU/ \TSIDE ! POLICE P]IMET]4 ,AT #h AM1 AB\T A HUNDR$ YELL[ VE/]S W]E ALREADY ON SITE1 :ILE ! (FICIAL BEG9N+ ( ! DEMON/RATION WAS DUE AT #b PM4 ,%ORTLY AFT]1 >\ND #i AM1 ! FIR/ CONFRONTATIONS BEGAN :5 YELL[ VE/]S TRI$ TO =CE !IR WAY ?R\< A *ECKPO9T TO 5T] ! ,*AMPS ,ELYSEES4 ,POLICE RESPOND$ IMM$IATELY ) TE> GAS1 :I* ONLY ESCALAT$ ! CLA%ES4 

,FROM ?IS VANTAGE PO9T1 IT IS NOT EASY TO CONFIRM PRECISELY :O 9ITIAT$ ! FIR/ CONFRONTATIONS OR :O TOOK P>T4 ,AS DUR+ ! PREVI\S WEEK1 ! CONFRONTATIONS 9CLUD$ EV]YONE FROM NEO-,NAZIS & O!R FASCI/S TO AN>*I/S1 ANTI-CAPITALI/S1 & ANTI-FASCI/S1 NOT TO =GET ANGRY YELL[ VE/]S FROM MANY O!R DIFF]5T BACKGR\NDS & POLITICAL T5D5CIES4 

,AS IS BECOM+ USUAL ) ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T1 ! SITUATION WAS QUITE CONFUS+4 ,SOME PROTE/]S GA!R$ >\ND ! ,UNKN[N ,SOLDI]'S FLAME AS IF !Y W]E PAY+ TRIBUTE TO W>1 NATIONALISM1 & IMP]IALISM4 ,O!RS />T$ S++ ! ,M>SEILLAISE--! ,FR5* NATIONAL AN!M4 ,MEAN:ILE1 ! MORE DET]M9$ PROTE/]S W]E ?R[+ COBBLE/ONES AT POLICE =CES1 ]ECT+ B>RICADES 9 ! NEI<BOR+ /REETS1 & SETT+ C>S ON FIRE4 

,SOON1 ! 5TIRE TRAFFIC CIRCLE WAS 5VELOP$ 9 TE> GAS4 ,! SITUATION CONT9U$ TO ESCALATE4 ,EV]Y TIME ! POLICE L9E GOT TOO CLOSE1 RIOT]S WELCOM$ !M ) A %[] ( COBBLE/ONES & O!R PROJECTILES4 ,9 ! MEANTIME1 ! FIR/ TAGS APPE>$ ON ! ,>C DE ,TRIOMPHE2 ?IS IMP]IAL SYMBOL WAS F9ALLY PR(AN$6 ,SADLY1 AL?\< SOME ( ! TAGS W]E CLE>LY 9SCRIB$ BY AN>*I/ & ANTI-/ATI/ COMRADES1 O!RS W]E WRITT5 BY FASCI/S4 

,! PRES5CE ( ORGANIZ$ FASCI/ GR\PS DUR+ ! CLA%ES >\ND ! ,PLACE DE L',ETOILE DUR+ ! MORN+ ( ,DECEMB] #a IS UND5IABLE4 ,SEV]AL MA9/REAM M$IA \TLETS COV]+ ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T M5TION$ !IR PRES5CE AMONG ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T4 ,9 ONE >TICLE1 ! J\RNALI/ SAYS3 0,SEV]AL POLICE VEHICLES HAD TO LEAVE ! ,PLACE DES ,T]NES HA/ILY AFT] BE+ ATTACK$ BY T5S ( 9DIVIDUALS WE>+ VISIBLE F>-RI<T SYMBOLS40 ,9 ANO!R >TICLE1 ! AU?OR REPORTS ! PRES5CE ( MON>*I/S1 TRADITIONALI/ ,CA?OLIC GR\PS1 & NATIONALI/ & FASCI/ GR\PS1 SU* AS ! ,G,U,D 7,GR\PE ,UNION ,DEF5SE71 A F>-RI<T /UD5T UNION--BACK+ UP !SE CLAIMS ) PHOTOGRAPHS4 

,9 !IR P]SONAL REPORT AB\T ! YELL[ VE/ DEMON/RATION1 AN>*I/ COMRADES ALSO M5TION ! PRES5CE ( ! F> RI<T NE> ! ,PLACE DE L',ETOILE3  
  

0,:5 WE >RIV$ AT ! ,PLACE DE L',ETOILE >\ND #ab PM1 IT HAD ALREADY BE5 A HUGE *AOS = ALMO/ ?REE H\RS4 ,ACCORD+ TO SOME COMRADES WE MET ON SITE1 ! CONFRONTATIONS HAD BE5 EXTREMELY VIOL5T UND]NEA? ! ,>C DE ,TRIOMPHE DUR+ ! MORN+4 ,IT SEEM$ ?AT A LOT ( PEOPLE HAD BE5 9JUR$4 ,IT WAS ALSO 9 ?IS >EA ?AT RADICAL F>-RI<T GR\PS W]E MO/ PRES5T DUR+ ! DAY4 ,! ,G,U,D WAS !RE4 ,WE SAW A GOOD AM\NT ( WALLS COV]$ BY ,CELTIC CROSSES4 ,! F> RI<T 9 ITS 0LEGALI/0 T5D5CY ALSO APPE>$ TO BE WELL-REPRES5T$ AMONG ! DEMON/RATORS4 ,IT SEEM$ TO US1 & ACCORD+ TO SEV]AL O!R TE/IMONIES AS WELL1 ?AT !SE FASCI/ T5D5CIES /AY$ PRES5T ALL DAY LONG >\ND ! ,PLACE DE L',ETOILE4 ,NEV]!LESS1 IT WAS DIFFICULT TO REALLY QUANTIFY !M40  
  

,! ,>C DE ,TRIOMPHE WAS ! FOCAL PO9T ( CONFRONTATIONS ?R\<\T ! MORN+4 ,POLICE REPEAT$LY TRI$ TO REPEL PROTE/]S FROM ! HI/ORICAL MONUM5T1 BUT NOT )\T DIFFICULTIES1 AS EVID5C$ BY ?IS SC5E 9 :I* A GR\P ( DEMON/RATORS *>G$ AN ANTI-RIOT POLICE UNIT ?AT WAS TRY+ TO PROTECT ! $IFICE4 ,DUR+ ! *>GE1 ONE POLICEMAN WAS ISOLAT$ FROM HIS UNIT & BEAT5 UP BY YELL[ VE/]S4 

,?IS EV5T ILLU/RAT$ ONCE MORE ! CONFUSION & DISAGREEM5T )9 ! MOVEM5T4 ,:ILE SOME YELL[ VE/]S W]E ATTACK+ ! POLICE (FIC]1 O!RS HELP$ HIM TO ESCAPE FROM HIS ATTACK]S1 SO HE C\LD REJO9 HIS UNIT4 ,LAT]1 ANO!R YELL[ VE/] EV5 RETURN$ AN ANTI-RIOT %IELD TO ! POLICE AFT] DEMON/RATORS HAD SEIZ$ IT4 

,MEAN:ILE1 ON ! O!R SIDE ( ! ,FR5* CAPITAL1 O!R PEOPLE 9 YELL[ VE/S GA!R$ 9 ! DI/RICT ( ,BA/ILLE & WALK$ ALONG ! L>GE /REET ( ,RIVOLI1 PASS+ 9 FRONT ( ! MA9 ,CITY ,HALL ( ,P>IS1 ) ! OBJECTIVE ( 5T]+ ! ,*AMPS ,ELYSEES FROM ! OPPOSITE SIDE--VIA ! ,PLACE DE LA ,CONCORDE4 

444,N[ ,IT'S ,TIME TO ,EXPLODE 

  

,! FOLL[+ SECTION DRAWS ON ?IS N>RATIVE PUBLI%$ BY AN>*I/S1 COMPLEM5T$ BY 9=MATION FROM CORPORATE M$IA & O!R S\RCES4 

,>\ND #a PM1 :ILE ! ,>C DE ,TRIOMPHE WAS /ILL SURR\ND$ BY MASSIVE CL\DS ( TE> GAS1 A GR\P ( COMRADES DECID$ TO *ANGE !IR /RATEGY & CREATE A NEW DYNAMIC BY />T+ A WILDCAT DEMON/RATION & LEAV+ ! /ALEMATE >\ND ! TRAFFIC CIRCLE BEH9D !M4 ,RAPIDLY1 A PROCESSION ( #h 9DIVIDUALS LEFT ! SQU>E & 5T]$ ! /REETS ( WEAL?Y ,P>ISIAN DI/RICTS4 ,! CR[D WAS QUITE HET]OG5E\S1 BUT ! ATMOSPH]E SEEM$ FRI5DLY4 

,ON ! ,HO*E AV5UE1 ! WILDCAT DEMON/RATION RAN 9TO A L>GE PROCESSION ( RAILWAY WORK]S :O W]E HEAD+ T[>DS ! ,SA9T ,LAZ>E TRA9 /ATION 9 ORD] TO JO9 ! AFT]NOON CALL MADE BY SUBURBAN & ANTI-FASCI/ COLLECTIVES4 ,)\T ?9K+ TWICE1 ! TWO PROCESSIONS UNIT$ & CONT9U$ TO M>* T[>DS ! MEET+ PO9T4 ,?IS DEVELOPM5T %IFT$ ! HORIZON ( POSSIBILITY = ! RE/ ( ! DAY4 

,:5 ALL ! PROCESSIONS CONV]G$ 9 ! LUXURI\S ,OP]A DI/RICT1 ?\S&S ( 9DIVIDUALS W]E M>*+ ?R\< ! /REETS4 ,OV] A C5TURY AGO1 DUR+ ! ,BELLE ,EPOQUE ]A1 AN>*I/S SU* AS ,EMILE ,H5RY DEMON/RAT$ ! CONCEPT ( PROPAG&A ( ! DE$ 9 ?IS NEI<BORHOOD BY ATTACK+ ! RI* & !IR SYMBOLS 9 !IR [N LUXURI\S DI/RICT4 ,H]E1 9 CONTRA/ TO ! AMBIANCE >\ND ! ,>C DE ,TRIOMPHE1 ! ATMOSPH]E WAS COM=TABLE4 ,)9 ?IS L>GE PROCESSION1 !RE W]E AN>*I/S1 ANTI-FASCI/S1 QUE] RADICALS1 COLLECTIVES AGA9/ POLICE VIOL5CE1 RAILWAY WORK]S1 G>D5 V>IETY YELL[ VE/]S1 SOME PEOPLE WE MI<T DESCRIBE AS RIOT]S )\T ADJECTIVES1 & MANY O!RS1 9CLUD+ ! SIMPLY CURI\S4 ,= ! FIR/ TIME1 IT REALLY SEEM$ ?AT SOME K9D ( ANTI-CAPITALI/ & ANTI-FASCI/ =CE C\LD GA9 A FOO?OLD )9 ! TR\BL$ WAT]S ( ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T4 

,HEAD+ S\?1 ! L>GE PROCESSION F9ALLY >RIV$ AT ,RUE DE ,RIVOLI--A L>GE /REET ?AT CONNECTS ,BA/ILLE TO ! ,PLACE DE LA ,CONCORDE1 ! HI<LY RE/RICT$ >EA NE> ! ,PRESID5TIAL PALACE4 ,AT ?IS PO9T1 P>T ( ! CR[D DECID$ TO GO EA/ & CONT9UE M>*+ T[>DS ! ,CITY ,HALL ( ,P>IS--:]E !Y W]E WELCOM$ BY POLICE =CES ) TE> GAS4 ,! RE/ ( ! PROCESSION1 AB\T #ae 9DIVIDUALS1 W]E DET]M9$ TO GO ! OPPOSITE WAY & =CE !IR WAY ?R\< ! POLICE *ECKPO9T NE> ,PLACE DE LA ,CONCORDE4 

,:5 !Y APPROA*$ ! SQU>E1 NUM]\S POLICE TRUCKS & A WAT] CANNON BLOCK$ !IR WAY4 ,UN9T]RUPT$ & 9T5SE CONFRONTATIONS FOLL[$ BETWE5 RADICALS & POLICE =CES4 ,B>RICADES APPE>$ ON DIFF]5T FRONTS1 PROJECTILES W]E ?R[N AT POLICE1 :ILE A RA9 ( TE> GAS CANI/]S FELL ON PROTE/]S & ! WAT] CANON ATTACK$ !M AT FULL BLA/4 ,EV5TUALLY1 H[EV]1 ! WAT] CANON SEEM$ TO HAVE SOME TE*NICAL ISSUES4 ,SOME DEMON/RATORS SEIZ$ ?IS OPPORTUNITY TO SET A C> ON FIRE = USE AS AN ADDITIONAL B>RICADE4 

,FUR!R AWAY1 NE> ,SA9T ,AUGU/91 AB\T #c 9DIVIDUALS HAD BE5 GA!R+ AT A MAJOR 9T]SECTION S9CE #c PM1 BUILD+ NUM]\S B>RICADES 9 ! >EA TO BLOCK TRAFFIC4 ,PEOPLE W]E JOY\SLY EXPRESS+ !IR DESIRE TO OV]?R[ ,PRESID5T ,MACRON4 ,! F5CES ( A NE>BY CON/RUCTION SITE W]E US$ TO ]ECT NEW B>RICADES1 :ILE O!RS W]E SET ON FIRE4 ,A LITTLE FUR!R AWAY1 POLICE =CES W]E ALREADY BLOCK+ ! /REETS4 ,AT ?IS PO9T1 M\NT$ POLICE ALSO APPE>$4 ,NOT ?9K+ TWICE1 PROTE/]S BEGAN BREAK+ UP ! ASPHALT & ?R[+ PROJECTILES AT ! POLICE4 ,= OV] AN H\R1 A CONFRONTATION CONT9U$ AT ?IS 9T]SECTION4 ,?IS %[S H[ DET]M9$ PEOPLE W]E ?AT AFT]NOON4 ,9 ! MEANTIME1 A NE>BY BANK WAS ?OR\<LY DAMAG$1 :ILE O!R DEMON/RATORS FLIPP$ A TRUCK OV]4 ,LAW 5=CEM5T F9ALLY CLE>$ ! >EA ( PROTE/]S ) A MASSIVE TE> GAS ATTACK4 

,SEV]AL DIFF]5T P>TS ( ,P>IS W]E COMPLETELY *AOTIC4 ,?REE C>S W]E BURN+ ON ! FANCY ,HAUSSMANN ,B\LEV>D1 NAM$ = ! REACTION>Y URBAN PLANN] :O ATTEMPT$ TO MAKE ,P>IS 9SURRECTION-PRO( AFT] ! REVOLUTION ( #a#h#d#h4 ,SEV]AL /REETS FUR!R1 AN EMPTY POLICE C> WAS DE/ROY$1 LOOT$1 & SET AFLAME4 ,A CR[D ( RADICALS >RIV$ AT ,PLACE ,V5DOME1 WELL KN[N = ITS LUXURI\S JEWELRY /ORES1 ! ,M9I/RY ( ,JU/ICE1 & ! 9FAM\S COLUMN ?AT ! ,COMMUN>DS ONCE DE/ROY$4 ,PLA/IC ,*RI/MAS TREES F\ND 9 ! NE>BY /REETS W]E PIL$ UP AS B>RICADES & SET ON FIRE4 

,:ILE A ?ICK CL\D ( SMOKE 5VELOP$ ! ,OP]A DI/RICT1 ! ANTI-CAPITALI/S DECID$ TO MOVE T[>DS ! ,B\RSE1 ! HI/ORICAL /OCK M>KET BUILD+--ANO!R SYMBOL ( CAPITALISM & /ATE P[]4 ,GRANT$1 S9CE #a#i#i#h1 NO MORE F9ANCIAL TRANSACTIONS >E MADE 9SIDE ?IS BUILD+4 ,NEV]!LESS1 SEV]AL W9D[S W]E SMA%$1 ! FRONT DOORS W]E OP5$1 & FIREWORKS MADE !IR WAY 9SIDE ! HALL4 ,!N ! RIOT+ CR[D LEFT ! >EA1 ATTACK+ ANO!R POLICE C> 9 A NEI<BOR+ /REET ON ! WAY4 ,!Y US$ URBAN FURNITURE & CON/RUCTION EQUIPM5T TO BLOCK TRAFFIC1 DE/ROY$ ! FRONT W9D[S ( SEV]AL BANKS1 & DISAPPE>$ 9TO ! E>LY NI<T4 

,! EM]G5CE ( SOME K9D ( ANTI-CAPITALI/ & ANTI-FASCI/ BLOC WAS AN IMPORTANT DEVELOPM5T )9 ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T4 ,LIKELY DRAW+ ON YE>S ( EXP]I5CE 9 DEMON/RATIONS SU* AS ! ,MAY ,DAY & ,LOI ,TRAVAIL PROTE/S1 ! BLOC TOOK ADVANTAGE ( ! G5]AL CONFUSION TO C>RY \T MULTIPLE ACTIONS ?R\<\T ,P>IS ) CLE> OBJECTIVES & 9T5TIONS4 

,9 ADDITION TO ! CLA%ES ) POLICE1 !RE W]E ALSO SEV]AL CONFRONTATIONS ) FASCI/S4 ,MEMB]S ( ! ,G,U,D W]E SE5 ON A B>RICADE ) A ,CELTIC CROSS FLAG4 ,9 ANO!R 9/ANCE1 PROTE/]S RECOGNIZ$ ,YVAN ,B5N$ETTI--A WELL-KN[N ,NAZI & =M] PRESID5T ( ! ULTRANATIONALI/ ,OEUVRE ,FRANCAISE1 :I* DISB&$ AFT] ! KILL+ ( ANTI-FASCI/ ,CLEM5T ,M]IC 9 #b#a#c4 ,HE WAS EFFECTIVELY =C$ \T ( ! >EA1 IF NOT \T ( ! MOVEM5T AS A :OLE4 

,ON ,SATURDAY1 ,DECEMB] #a1 AN 9SURRECTIONAL W9D BLEW ?R\< ! /REETS ( ,P>IS4 ,MANY ?\S&S ( PEOPLE UNLEA%$ !IR RAGE AGA9/ SYMBOLS ( P[]3 POLICE W]E CON/ANTLY H>ASS$2 BANKS & 9SURANCE AG5CIES W]E SY/EMATICALLY DE/ROY$2 NUM]\S /ORES W]E LOOT$1 SOME EV5 SET ON FIRE2 C>S & URBAN FURNITURE W]E US$ TO BUILD B>RICADES2 SEV]AL PRIVATE MANSIONS W]E V&ALIZ$ & SET ON FIRE2 HI/ORIC MONUM5TS & REPUBLICAN SYMBOLS W]E OCCUPI$ OR ATTACK$1 9CLUD+ ! ,B\RSE & ! ,>C DE ,TRIOMPHE4 ,DEMON/RATORS SUCCE$$ 9 5T]+1 LOOT+1 & DE/ROY+ ! MUSEUM LOCAT$ B5EA? ! HI/ORICAL MONUM5T4 

,9 VIEW ( SU* DET]M9ATION1 ! GOV]NM5T & POLICE =CES W]E COMPLETELY OV]:ELM$4 ,!RE >E SEV]AL EXPLANATIONS = ?IS4 ,! FIR/ REASON IS ! WIDE RANGE ( PEOPLE TAK+ P>T 9 ! RIOTS4 ,IT WAS NOT JU/ AN>*I/S & ANTI-CAPITALI/ RADICALS ATTACK+ POLICE =CES1 BUT ALSO A GREAT NUMB] ( O!R ANGRY PEOPLE 9 YELL[ VE/S 9CLUD+ F>-RI<T ACTIVI/S & O!R RIOT]S4 ,SECONDLY1 ! PROTE/S CONT9U$ TO *ANGE & DEVELOP ?R\<\T ! DAY1 ASSUM+ UNPR$ICTABLE NEW =MS4 ,F9ALLY1 ! EXTREME MOBILITY1 DIFFUSE ORGANIZATION1 & DET]M9ATION ( ! PROTE/]S MADE !M A MAT* = ! (FIC]S1 :O W]E P9N$ D[N BY !IR TASK ( DEF5D+ PR$EF9$ >EAS4 ,9DE$1 AS MO/ POLICE =CES W]E ASSIGN$ TO POSITIONS >\ND ! RE/RICT$ >EAS OR BUSY DEAL+ ) CONFRONTATIONS NE> ! ,*AMPS ,ELYSEES1 !Y C\LDN'T RESPOND TO ! DEVELOPM5TS 9 O!R DI/RICTS ( ,P>IS4 ,NEV]!LESS1 ON SEV]AL OCCASIONS1 MEMB]S ( ! ,B,A,C 7,ANTI-,CRIM9ALITY ,BRIGADE7 W]E SE5 9 ! /REETS HAPHAZ>DLY %OOT+ RUBB] BULLETS AT EV]Y DEMON/RATOR 9 VIEW4 

,MANY (FICIALS & M$IA AGREE ?AT ,P>IS HASN'T EXP]I5C$ SU* RIOTS S9CE #a#i#f#h4 ,TO ?IS ASSESSM5T1 WE MU/ ADD ! FOLL[+ FIGURES4 

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,ALTOGE!R1 #dab 9DIVIDUALS W]E >RE/$ & #c< ( !M W]E PUT 9 CU/ODY4 

- 

,IT IS DIFFICULT TO TELL H[ MU* AMMUNITION ! POLICE US$2 NUMB]S V>Y WIDELY BETWE5 S\RCES4 ,H[EV]1 IT APPE>S ?AT !Y DEPLOY$ AB\T #h TE> GAS GR5ADES1 #a /+-BALL GR5ADES1 #cci ,G,L,I-,F#d /UN GR5ADES1 #ab RUBB] BULLETS1 & #a#d1 LIT]S ( WAT] DUR+ ! CONFRONTATIONS4 

- 

,9 ! 5D1 DUR+ ! ,P>ISIAN DEMON/RATION ALONE1 #acc 9DIVIDUALS W]E 9JUR$1 :ILE ! AU?ORITIES C\NT$ #aab C>S1 #ac PIECES ( URBAN FURNITURE ( ONE K9D ( ANO!R1 & SIX BUILD+S SET ON FIRE = A TOTAL ( #bdi FIRES4 

- 

,! TOTAL AM\NT ( PROP]TY DE/RUCTION C\LD REA* #d MILLION EUROS4 

,FIRE ,SPREADS ON ! ,W9D 

  

,P>IS WAS NOT ! ONLY PLACE 9 ,FRANCE :]E YELL[ VE/]S EXPRESS$ !IR ANG] ) ACTIONS4 ,9 V>I\S CITIES1 PROTE/]S GA!R$ = ?IS ?IRD NATIONWIDE DAY ( ACTION2 SOME ( !M W]E AS DET]M9$ AS ?OSE :O TOOK ! /REETS 9 ,P>IS4 

,9 ,NANTES1 ! FIR/ ACTIONS TOOK PLACE AT ! AIRPORT1 :]E DEMON/RATORS SUCCE$$ 9 5T]+ ! T>MAC4 ,9 ! AFT]NOON1 AB\T A ?\S& YELL[ VE/]S GA!R$ 9 ! /REETS ( ,NANTES4 ,! DEMON/RATION DIDN'T LA/ V]Y LONG2 AS SOON AS PROTE/]S TRI$ TO 5T] TO ! %OPP+ DI/RICT1 POLICE DEPLOY$ MASSIVE QUANTITIES ( TE> GAS TO DISP]SE ! M>*4 

,9 ,T\L\SE1 9T5SE CONFRONTATIONS TOOK PLACE BETWE5 YELL[ VE/]S & LAW 5=CEM5T4 ,9 ,N>BONNE1 YELL[ VE/]S SET FIRE TO A TOLL COLLECTION PO9T4 ,9 ,BORDEAUX1 CLA%ES ]UPT$ BETWE5 POLICE & PROTE/]S :5 ! CR[D ( YELL[ VE/]S >RIV$ AT ,CITY ,HALL & TRI$ TO 5T] BY =CE4 

,9 ,T\RS1 A DEMON/RATION DREW AB\T #ac 9DIVIDUALS4 ,%ORTLY AFT] ! BEG9N+ ( ! M>*1 P>TICIPANTS BEGAN SMA%+ %OP W9D[S1 & CONFRONTATIONS ) POLICE ESCALAT$4 ,ONE YELL[ VE/] LO/ HIS H& AS A CONSEQU5CE ( A GR5ADE ?R[N BY POLICE4 

,9 ,M>SEILLE1 ! CONFRONTATIONS BEGAN AT ! 5D ( ! DAY4 ,PROTE/]S BURN$ TRA% CONTA9]S1 SMA%$ SEV]AL %OP W9D[S1 LOOT$ /ORES1 SET A FIRE 9 FRONT ( ! CITY HALLS ( ! #a/ & #g? DI/RICTS1 & F9ALLY SET A POLICE C> ON FIRE 9 FRONT ( ! ,CANEBI]E POLICE /ATION4 ,IT APPE>S ?AT #ba 9DIVIDUALS W]E >RE/$ AFT] !SE ACTIONS4 ,AN #h YE> OLD WOM5 WAS KILL$ :5 A TE> GAS GR5ADE HIT H] 9 H] FACE AS %E WAS CLOS+ H] %UTT]S4 

,F9ALLY1 AB\T #c 9DIVIDUALS GA!R$ AT ,PUY-5-,VELAY4 ,YELL[ VE/]S 5T]$ ! C\RTY>D ( ! LOCAL ,PREFECTURE ) TIRES & REFUS$ TO LEAVE4 ,SOME ( !M SET FIRE TO ! TIRES4 ,POLICE =CES TRI$ TO DISP]SE ! CR[D BY US+ TE> GAS1 BUT ?IS ONLY 9CREAS$ ! ANG] ( ! DEMON/RATORS4 ,NUM]\S CONFRONTATIONS FOLL[$4 ,! PREFECT HIMSELF TRI$ TO DISCUSS ) ! PROTE/]S 9 ORD] TO BR+ BACK ORD] BUT )\T ANY SUCCESS4 ,9 ! 5D1 DISSATISFI$ ) ! SITUATION1 YELL[ VE/]S BURN$ D[N ! ,PREFECTURE4 

,! ,AFT]MA? 

  

,! DAY AFT] ! DEMON/RATIONS1 ! GOV]NM5T KNEW ?AT IT HAD REA*$ AN IMPASSE ( ITS [N4 ,PRESID5T ,MACRON WAS ON A TRIP TO ,BU5OS ,AIRES = ! ,G#b2 AS SOON AS HE HE>D AB\T ! SITUATION 9 ,P>IS1 HE RETURN$ TO ,FRANCE IMM$IATELY TO DEAL ) ?IS MAJOR POLITICAL CRISIS4 

,ON ,SUNDAY1 ,DECEMB] #b1 ,PRESID5T ,MACRON MET ) SOME ( ! POLICEM5 & FIREM5 :O HAD BE5 9 ! /REETS ! PREVI\S DAY4 ,HE ALSO MADE A SMALL T\R ( ! DAMAGES CAUS$ BY H\RS ( 9SURRECTIONAL CONFRONTATIONS BE=E HEAD+ BACK TO ! ,ELYSEE PALACE = AN EM]G5CY MEET+ ) ALL ( ! GOV]NM5T4 ,! ,PRESID5T ASK$ HIS M9I/]S TO CANCEL ALL !IR BUS9ESS TRIPS = ! NEXT TWO DAYS4 

,PRESID5T ,MACRON DID NOT MAKE ANY (FICIAL DECL>ATION AFT] ! MEET+4 ,NEV]!LESS1 HE P]SONALLY ASK$ ! ,PRIME ,M9I/] ,$\>D ,PHILIPPE TO SEE ALL ! POLITICAL LEAD]S ( ! DIFF]5T P>TIES ! NEXT DAY1 AS WELL AS ! SPOKESP]SONS ( ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T4 

,9 ! MEANTIME1 ! LEFT POPULI/ ,JEAN-,LUC ,MEL5*ON REQUE/$ ?AT EV]Y POLITICAL GR\P 9 ! ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY OPPOS$ TO ! GOV]NM5T %\LD MAKE A VOTE ( NO CONFID5CE TO D5\NCE ! 0CATA/ROPHIC MANAGEM5T ( ! YELL[ VE/ ISSUE40 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 ! F>-RI<T LEAD] ,M>9E ,LE ,P5 DEM&$ ! DISSOLUTION ( ! ,NATIONAL ,ASSEMBLY4 ,ONCE MORE1 IT IS NOT DIFFICULT TO SEE :O WANTS TO TAKE ADVANTAGE ( ! SITUATION4 

,ON ,SATURDAY NI<T1 ! ,M9I/] ( ! ,9T]IOR SAID ?AT HE WAS WILL+ TO CONSID] ALL POSSIBILITIES TO 5SURE REPUBLICAN PEACE & ORD] 9 ,FRANCE1 EV5 RE-IMPOS+ ! /ATE ( EM]G5CY TO DEAL ) ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T4 ,?IS IS GRATUIT\S3 9 ! NEW ANTIT]RORI/ LAW ADOPT$ ON ,OCTOB] #c#a1 #b#a#g1 MANY ( ! ELEM5TS ?AT CON/ITUT$ ! EXCEPTIONAL ASPECT ( ! /ATE ( EM]G5CY >E N[ FULLY 9TEGRAT$ 9TO ORD9>Y ,FR5* COMMON LAW--= EXAMPLE1 ! CREATION ( RE/RICT$ ZONES DUR+ EV5TS4 

,NEV]!LESS1 ON ,SUNDAY1 ,DECEMB] #b1 YELL[ VE/]S DET]M9$ TO PU% !IR MOVEM5T FUR!R W]E ALREADY PLANN+ A F\R? R\ND ) ! GOV]NM5T1 CALL+ = ANO!R NATIONAL DAY ( ACTION ON ,SATURDAY1 ,DECEMB] #h4 ,IT HAPP5S ?AT ON ! SAME DAY1 ! GLOBAL CLIMATE M>* WILL TAKE PLACE 9 ,P>IS4 ,= ! OCCASION1 RADICALS HAVE MADE A CALL = AN (F5SIVE CONT+5T4 ,WE WILL SEE :E!R IT IS POSSIBLE = !SE TWO MOVEM5TS TO E/ABLI% A CONNECTION4 

,ON ,TUESDAY1 ,DECEMB] #d1 ,PRIME ,M9I/] ,$\>D ,PHILIPPE SAID ?AT ! GOV]NM5T HAD DECID$ TO SUSP5D GAS TAX 9CREASES = ! FOLL[+ SIX MON?S4 ,9 ADDITION1 ! GOV]NM5T IS ALSO SUSP5D+ NEW T\<] RULES ON VEHICLE *ECKS = ! SAME AM\NT ( TIME1 & COMMITT+ NOT TO 9CREASE ELECTRICITY F>ES UNTIL ,MAY #b#a#i4 ,9 ADDITION1 ! ,PRIME ,M9I/] ANN\NC$ ?AT A DEBATE AB\T TAXES & PUBLIC EXP5SES AT A NATIONAL SCALE W\LD TAKE PLACE BETWE5 ,DECEMB] #a#e1 #bah & ,M>* #a1 #b#a#i4 ,9 MAK+ !SE CONCESSIONS1 ! GOV]NM5T AIMS TO %[ ?AT IT IS OP5 TO DIALOGUE ) YELL[ VE/]S4 

,NEV]!LESS1 IT SEEMS ?AT P>T ( ! YELL[ VE/]S >E NOT WILL+ TO GIVE UP ! FI<T4 ,! SPOKESP]SONS ( ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T REJECT$ ! 9VITATION FROM ! ,PRIME ,M9I/] TO F9D A WAY \T ( ! CURR5T SITUATION2 SEV]AL LOCAL YELL[ VE/S GR\PS >E CALL+ TO CONT9UE !IR ACTIONS4 

,SO F>1 ! GOV]NM5T'S ANN\NCEM5T DOES NOT SEEM TO HAVE HAD MU* EFFECT UPON ! RANKS ( ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T4 ,S9CE ! BEG9N+ ( ! MOVEM5T ON ,NOVEMB] #a#g1 ! NUMB] ( DEMON/RATORS HAS DROPP$ AS ! 9T5SITY ( CONFLICT HAS ESCALAT$4 ,YET EV5 IF SOME YELL[ VE/]S HAVE DROPP$ \T DUE TO ! 9CREAS+LY CONFRONTATIONAL /RATEGY1 ! LA/ DAY ( ACTION %[$ ?AT SOME DEMON/RATORS >E DET]M9$ TO CONT9UE =W>D4 

,WE /ILL HAVE AN UNKN[N HORIZON BE=E US--& SO MANY DAWNS YET TO BREAK4 

,SOME ,REFLECTIONS 

  

,AS WE HOP$1 AN ANTI-CAPITALI/ & ANTI-FASCI/ FRONT HAS EM]G$ )9 ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T4 ,9 ,P>IS ON ,DECEMB] #a1 ?IS CREAT$ A CONV]G5CE PO9T & CATALY/ = PEOPLE :O DO NOT ID5TIFY ) NATIONALI/ N>RATIVES4 ,HOPEFULLY1 ?IS WILL HELP TO SPREAD A DISC\RSE ?AT ID5TIFIES ! /RUCTURAL CAUSES ( ,MACRON'S PROGRAMS1 RA!R ?AN FRAM+ !M AS ! 0BETRAYALS0 ( A POLITICIAN :O %\LD SIMPLY BE REPLAC$ ) A MORE NATIONALI/IC POPULI/4 

,9 ONLY ?REE WEEKS1 ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T HAS GONE FROM BLOCK+ TRAFFIC TO DEMOLI%+ ! WEAL?Y DI/RICTS ( ,P>IS4 ,?IS ILLU/RATES ! EFFICACY ( DIRECT ACTION1 HORIZONTALITY1 & ! REFUSAL TO NEGOTIATE4 ,9 ! ]A ( GLOBALIZ$ CAPITALISM1 ANY MOVEM5T ?AT IS TO FACE D[N ! NEOLIB]AL ASSAULT ON ! LIV+ /&>DS ( ORD9>Y PEOPLE WILL BE =C$ TO ESCALATE 9 ?IS MANN] & TO RESI/ ALL ATTEMPTS TO CONTROL1 REPRES5T1 OR PLACATE IT4 

,AS MANY AN>*I/S HAVE EMPHASIZ$ BE=E1 EFFECTIVE RESI/ANCE TO CAPITALISM REQUIRES ! P>TICIPATION ( A WIDE RANGE ( PEOPLE1 NOT JU/ ?OSE :O %>E A COMMON IDEOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK4 ,?IS MEANS ?AT A MOVEM5T MU/ SPREAD BEYOND ! CONTROL ( ANY ONE GR\P OR POSITION4 ,9DE$1 WE CAN UND]/& ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T AS A WIDESPREAD POPUL> APPROPRIATION ( ! CONFRONTATIONAL TACTICS ?AT AN>*I/S & O!R REBELS HAVE BE5 EMPLOY+ 9 ,FRANCE = YE>S--= EXAMPLE1 9 ! PROTE/S AGA9/ ! ,LOI ,TRAVAIL & ON ,MAY ,DAY4 

,YET ! WIDESPREAD APPROPRIATION ( RADICAL TACTICS IS NOT NECESS>ILY A /EP T[>DS A BETT] WORLD UNLESS PEOPLE ALSO ABSORB ! VALUES & VISIONS ?AT ACCOMPANY !M4 ,! RISE ( ,TRUMP & GRASSROOTS NATIONALISM 9 ! ,U,S HAS BE5 M>K$ AT EV]Y /EP BY ! F>-RI<T APPROPRIATION ( LEFT & AN>*I/ RHETORIC & TACTICS1 :I* !Y HAVE US$ TO ADVANCE !IR [N AG5DA4 

,:AT HAPP5S 9SIDE A MOVEM5T AGA9/ ! REIGN+ GOV]NM5T IS JU/ AS IMPORTANT AS :AT HAPP5S 9 ! CONFLICTS BETWE5 ?AT MOVEM5T & ! POLICE4 ,?IS IS :Y WE HAVE EMPHASIZ$ ! IMPORTANCE ( FI<T+ ON TWO FRONTS--AGA9/ ,MACRON'S POLICE & LIKEWISE AGA9/ FASCI/S & NATIONALI/S4 

,!RE'S ,NO ,SU* ,?+ AS AN ,APOLITICAL ,MOVEM5T 

  

,FROM ! \TSET1 ! YELL[ VE/ MOVEM5T HAS CLAIM$ TO BE AN 0APOLITICAL0 SPACE OP5 TO ALL4 ,?IS HAS (F]$ F]TILE GR\ND = POPULI/S & NATIONALI/S TO PROMOTE !IR IDEAS4 ,9 MO/ CASES1 !Y HAVE NOT BE5 ! MAJORITY ( ?OSE TAK+ ACTION 9 ! /REETS1 BUT !Y HAVE (T5 SET ! DISC\RSE ONL9E4 ,FASCI/ GR\PS HAVE GA9$ VISIBILITY1 TOO1 EV5 IF !IR NUMB] SEEMS COMP>ATIVELY MODE/4 ,!Y >E BETT] ORGANIZ$ N[ ?AN !Y W]E AT ! BEG9N+ ( ! MOVEM5T4 ,WE MU/ NOT AB&ON ! /REETS & ! MOVEM5T TO ! F> RI<T4 

,NO SOCIAL MOVEM5T IS A MONOLI?2 EA* IS A HET]OG5E\S SPACE ( P]PETUAL *ANGE & T5SION4 ,IT IS FOOLI% TO DEEM MOVEM5TS WOR?Y OR UNWOR?Y1 /&+ 9 JUDGM5T LIKE ! ,POPE1 REL9QUI%+ ! ONES ?AT DO NOT MEET \R /&>DS TO ! 9FLU5CE ( \R ADV]S>IES4 ,9/EAD1 WE CAN AIM TO P>TICIPATE 9 WAYS ?AT 5ABLE ! EMANCIPATORY CURR5TS )9 !M TO GA9 MOM5TUM & BECOME DI/9CT FROM ! REACTION>Y CURR5TS4 ,! *ALL5GE IS TO (F] \R FELL[ P>TICIPANTS USEFUL EXAMPLES ( H[ TO SOLVE !IR IMM$IATE PROBLEMS & TO CONNECT ?OSE ) VISIONS ( LONG-T]M *ANGE--& TO DO ALL ?IS )\T CREAT+ TOOLS OR MOM5TUM ?AT FASCI/S1 AU?ORIT>IAN LEFTI/S1 OR O!R OPPORTUNI/S CAN CAPITALIZE ON4 

,P]HAPS WE %\LD ?9K MORE AB\T ! RELATION%IP BETWE5 /REET BATTLES & ! BATTLE ( IDEAS4 ,HI/ORICALLY1 AN>*I/S HAVE (T5 ASSUM$ ?AT ?OSE :O >E WILL+ TO TAKE ! MO/ RISKS WILL BE BE/ POSITION$ TO DET]M9E ! *>ACT] & GOALS ( A MOVEM5T4 ,ON ! GR\ND1 ?IS IS (T5 TRUE--= EXAMPLE1 :5 A MOVEM5T ESCALATES CONFLICT ) ! POLICE1 IT CAN =CE C5TRI/S & LEGALI/S TO )DRAW4 ,BUT WE %\LD ALSO REMEMB] ALL ! TIMES ?AT REBELS FROM OPPRESS$ GR\PS HAVE TAK5 ! MO/ RISKS & SUFF]$ ! MO/ REPRESSION1 ONLY TO SEE AU?ORIT>IANS TAKE ADVANTAGE ( !IR SACRIFICES TO CONSOLIDATE !IR P[]4 ,?IS IS A V]Y OLD /ORY1 FROM ! ,FR5* REVOLUTIONS ( #a#h#c1 #a#h#d#h1 & #ahg & ! ,ITALIAN ,RISORGIM5TO TO ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION ( #aiag & ! ,EGYPTIAN ,REVOLUTION ( #b#a#a4 

,WE %\LD BE> ALL !SE LESSONS 9 M9D :5 WE WEI< :E!R ! BE/ WAY TO GA9 LEV]AGE )9 A MOVEM5T IS TO BE ! ONES :O TAKE ! MO/ RISKS )9 IT4 ,H[ CAN WE MAKE SURE ?AT \R ADV]S>IES )9 ! MOVEM5T CANNOT =CE US TO TAKE ! MAJORITY ( ! CASUALTIES :ILE !Y SIMPLY--TAKE P[]8 

,LIKEWISE1 IF \R ONLY IDEA = H[ TO GA9 LEV]AGE )9 A MOVEM5T IS TO 5GAGE 9 ! MO/ DANG]\S OR DISRUPTIVE ACTIVITY1 F>-RI<T GR\PS ) GREAT] SOCIAL PRIVILEGE & MORE ACCESS TO RES\RCES MAY BE ABLE TO BEAT US ON ?AT PLAY+ FIELD :ILE TAK+ FEW] LOSSES4 

,A DECADE AGO1 9 LESS COMPLICAT$ TIMES1 SOME AN>*I/S & AUTONOMI/S IMAG9$ ?AT1 RA!R ?AN BE+ CONNECT$ BY A COMMON SET ( VALUES & ASPIRATIONS1 PEOPLE 9 REVOLT C\LD BE CONNECT$ SIMPLY BY BEHAV+ UNGOV]NABLY 9 RELATION TO ! PREVAIL+ AU?ORITIES4 ,IT IS /ILL POSSIBLE TO F9D EXAMPLES ( ?IS 0ANTI-IDEOLOGICAL0 ATTITUDE 9 ,FRANCE TODAY1 DESPITE ! EVID5CE ?AT AT LEA/ A FEW ( ?OSE :O WE> ! YELL[ VE/ >E SIMPLY FI<T+ TO 5?RONE O!R AU?ORITIES :O WILL BE JU/ AS DANG]\S :5 !Y COME TO P[]4 ,IT W\LD NOT BE ! FIR/ TIME ?AT REBELLI\S /REET VIOL5CE BR\<T A NEW OPPRESSIVE GOV]NM5T 9TO (FICE4 

,YES1 ! ORD] ?AT REIGNS MU/ BE UND]M9$ BY ANY MEANS NECESS>Y4 ,! SAME GOES = ! PROPON5TS ( RIVAL RUL+ ORD]S4 ,DRIV+ ,YVAN ,B5N$ETTI \T ( A DEMON/RATION IS JU/ AS IMPORTANT AS DEF5D+ IT AGA9/ ! POLICE4 

,AT ! SAME TIME1 IT MU/ BE CLE> TO ALL ! NEWLY MOBILIZ$ & POLITICIZ$ P>TICIPANTS 9 !SE MOVEM5TS ?AT WE >E NOT SIMPLY ROBOTS ACT+ ACCORD+ TO A PREPROGRAM$ IDEOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK1 BUT ?AT WE G5U9ELY HOPE TO CONNECT ) !M1 EX*ANGE IDEAS & 9FLU5CES ) !M1 & WORK TOGE!R TO CREATE SOLUTIONS TO \R MUTUAL PROBLEMS4 ,WE >E NOT TRY+ TO S$UCE !M 9TO JO9+ \R P>TY1 BUT SEEK+ TO BECOME SOME?+ NEW TOGE!R4 ,\R OPPOSITION TO AU?ORIT>IANS IS NOT A T5ET ( A RELIGION1 BUT A H>D-WON LESSON AB\T :AT IT TAKES TO CREATE SPACES ( FRE$OM & POSSIBILITY4 

,9 ?IS REG>D1 ! MOM5TS ( DIALOGUE BETWE5 /RANG]S ?AT TAKE PLACE 9 ! /REET >E JU/ AS IMPORTANT AS ! C\RAGE\S ACTS BY :I* PEOPLE HOLD POLICE AT BAY & =CE \T FASCI/S4 ,LET'S NOT BE NAIVE1 LET'S NOT DISAV[ \R OP9IONS OR AB&ON \R CONVICTIONS1 BUT LET'S REMA9 OP5 TO ! POSSIBILITY ?AT WE C\LD BECOME /RONG] & MORE VIBRANTLY ALIVE BY WORK+ ) O!RS WE HAVE NOT YET MET1 :O %>E \R PROBLEMS BUT NOT \R REF]5CE PO9TS4 

,! ,LONG ,GAME 

  

,SOON] OR LAT]1 ?IS MOM5T ( CRISIS WILL PASS--EI!R ! LEAD]S WILL CUT A DEAL ) ! /ATE & ! POLICE WILL SUCCE$ 9 ISOLAT+ ?OSE :O REFUSE TO COOP]ATE1 OR ,MACRON'S GOV]NM5T WILL FALL & BE REPLAC$ BY ANO!R ?AT PROMISES TO SOLVE ! PROBLEMS ?AT DROVE PEOPLE 9TO ! /REET4 

,& :AT !N8 ,WILL ! F> RI<T BE ABLE TO CLAIM ?AT !Y W]E ! ONES :O SCOR$ ! VICTORY AGA9/ ,MACRON8 ,MO/ ( ! A=EM5TION$ #db DEM&S >E COMPATIBLE ) BO? LEFTI/ & F>-RI<T POPULI/ PROGRAMS2 IT W\LD NOT BE SURPRIS+ TO SEE ! MOVEM5T SPLIT 9 TWO & BE COOPT$ BY ! TWO POPULI/ P>TIES4 ,S9CE ! RIOTS LA/ WEEK5D1 BO? POPULI/ LEAD]S HAVE BE5 GALVANIZ$ BY ! DEM& TO \/ ,PRESID5T ,MACRON & HIS GOV]NM5T4 ,IT IS 5TIRELY POSSIBLE ?AT A F>-RI<T GOV]NM5T WILL COME TO P[] AFT] ,MACRON4 

,:AT %\LD WE BE DO+ RI<T N[ TO PREP>E = ?AT SITUATION1 TO MAKE SURE ?AT PEOPLE WILL CONT9UE TO COME TOGE!R 9 ! /REETS AGA9/ ! NEXT GOV]NM5T8 

,AS WE FI<T--9 ,FRANCE1 9 ,BELGIUM1 & EV]Y:]E ELSE ?AT NEOLIB]AL GOV]NM5TS >E =C+ AU/]ITY MEASURES ON US--LET'S BE ?9K+ AB\T H[ TO COME \T ( EA* FI<T MORE CONNECT$1 MORE EXP]I5C$1 & ) A %>P] WAY ( ID5TIFY+ ! QUE/IONS BE=E US4 

,GOOD LUCK TO EA* ( Y\1 DE> FRI5DS4 

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #a#g? ,JUNE #bba FROM CRIME?9C4COM47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#d1 #bbb 3 ,! ,MOVEM5T AS ,BATTLEGR\ND -- ,ADD$4 

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