,! ,NE$ ,( ,TRANSLAT+ ,IDEALS ,9TO ,LIFE 

#aia 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ALEX&] ,B]KMAN 

,TAGS 3 DEA? ( FRANCISCO F]R]1 WORDS ( FRANCISCO F]R]1 SOCIAL LIFE ( MAN1 9TELLECTUAL & EMOTIONAL1 LIFE ( MAN1 LIFE ( HUMANITY1 9TELLECTUAL & E?ICAL1 FRANCISCO F]R]1 SOCIAL LIFE1 RADICAL ELEM5TS4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY R$HOPE1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE ,ONE YE> HAS PASS$ S9CE ! DEA? ( ,FRANCISCO ,F]R]4 ,HIS M>TYRDOM HAS CALL$ =? ALMO/ UNIV]SAL 9DIGNATION AGA9/ ! CABAL ( PRIE/ & RUL] ?AT DOOM$ A NOBLE MAN TO DEA?4 ,! ?9K+1 PROGRESSIVE ELEM5TS ?R\<\T ! WORLD HAVE VOIC$ !IR PROTE/ 9 NO AMBIGU\S MANN]4 ,EV]Y:]E SYMPA?Y HAS BE5 MANIFE/$ = ,F]R]1 ! MOD]N VICTIM ( ! ,SPANI% ,9QUISITION1 & DEEP APPRECIATION EXPRESS$ = HIS WORK & AIMS4 ,9 %ORT1 ! DEA? ( ,F]R] HAS SUCCE$$ - AS PROBABLY NO O!R M>TYRDOM ( REC5T HI/ORY - 9 R\S+ ! SOCIAL CONSCI5CE ( MAN4 ,IT HAS CL>IFI$ ! ET]NALLY UN*ANG+ ATTITUDE ( ! *UR* AS ! 5EMY ( PROGRESS2 IT HAS CONV9C+LY EXPOS$ ! ,/ATE AS ! CRAFTY FOE ( POPUL> ADVANCEM5T2 IT HAS1 F9ALLY1 R\S$ DEEP 9T]E/ 9 ! DE/9Y ( ! *ILD & ! NECESSITY ( RATIONAL $UCATION4  

,IT W\LD 9DE$ BE A PITY IF ! 9TELLECTUAL & EMOTIONAL 5]GIES ?US WAK5$ %\LD EXHAU/ !MSELVES 9 M]E 9DIGNATION & UNPR(ITABLE SPECULATION CONC]N+ ! UNIMPORTANT DETAILS ( ,F]R]'S P]SONALITY & LIFE4 ,PROTE/ MEET+S & ANNIV]S>Y COMMEMORATIONS >E QUITE NECESS>Y & USEFUL1 9 PROP] TIME & PLACE4 ,!Y HAVE ALREADY ACCOMPLI%$1 SO F> AS ! WORLD AT L>GE IS CONC]N$1 A GREAT $UCATIONAL WORK4 ,BY MEANS ( !SE ! SOCIAL CONSCI\SNESS HAS BE5 L$ TO REALIZE ! 5ORMITY ( ! CRIME COMMITT$ BY ! ,*UR* & ,/ATE ( ,SPA94 ,BUT 0! WORLD AT L>GE0 IS NOT EASILY MOV$ TO ACTION2 IT REQUIRES MANY T]RIBLE M>TYRDOMS TO DI/URB ITS EQUILIBRIUM ( DULLNESS2 & EV5 :5 DI/URB$1 IT T5DS QUICKLY TO RESUME ITS WONT$ IMMOBILITY4 ,IT IS ! ?9K+1 RADICAL ELEM5TS :I* >E1 LIT]ALLY1 ! MOV]S ( ! WORLD1 ! 9TELLECTUAL & EMOTIONAL DI/URB]S ( ITS /UPID EQUANIMITY4 ,!Y MU/ NEV] BE SUFF]$ TO BECOME DORMANT1 = !Y1 TOO1 >E 9 DANG] ( GR[+ ABSORB$ 9 M]E ADULATION ( ! M>TYR & RHETORICAL ADMIRATION ( HIS GREAT WORK4 ,AS ,F]R] HIMSELF HAS WISELY CAUTION$ US2 0,IDOLS >E CREAT$ :5 M5 >E PRAIS$1 & ?IS IS V]Y BAD = ! FUTURE ( ! HUMAN RACE4 ,! TIME DEVOT$ TO ! DEAD W\LD BE BETT] EMPLOY$ 9 IMPROV+ ! CONDITION ( ! LIV+1 MO/ ( :OM /& 9 GREAT NE$ ( ?IS40  

,!SE WORDS ( ,FRANCISCO ,F]R] %\LD BE ITALICIZ$ 9 \R M9DS4 ,! RADICALS1 ESPECIALLY1 - ( :ATEV] CRE$ - HAVE MU* TO ATONE = 9 ?IS RESPECT4 ,WE HAVE GIV5 TOO MU* TIME TO ! DEAD1 & NOT 5\< TO ! LIV+4 ,WE HAVE IDEALIZ$ \R M>TYRS TO ! EXT5T ( NEGLECT+ ! PRACTICAL NE$S ( ! CAUSE !Y DI$ =4 ,WE HAVE IDEALIZ$ \R IDEALS TO ! EXCLUSION ( !IR APPLICATION 9 ACTUAL LIFE4 ,! CAUSE ( IT WAS AN IMMATURE APPRECIATION ( \R IDEALS4 ,!Y W]E TOO SACR$ = EV]YDAY USE4 ,! RESULT IS EVID5T1 & RA!R DISC\RAG+4 ,AFT] A QU>T] ( A C5TURY - & MORE - ( RADICAL PROPAG&A1 WE CAN PO9T TO NO V]Y P>TICUL> A*IEVEM5T4 ,SOME PROGRESS1 NO D\BT1 HAS BE5 MADE2 BUT BY NO MEANS COMM5SURATE ) ! REALLY TREM5D\S EF=TS EX]T$4 ,?IS COMP>ATIVE FAILURE1 9 ITS TURN1 PRODUCES A FUR!R DISILLUSION+ EFFECT3 OLD-TIME RADICALS DROP FROM ! RANKS1 DI%E>T5$2 ! MO/ ACTIVE WORK]S BECOME 9DIFF]5T1 DISC\RAG$ ) LACK ( RESULTS4  

,IT IS ?IS ! HI/ORY ( EV]Y WORLD-REVOLUTIONIZ+ IDEA ( \R TIMES4 ,BUT ESPECIALLY IS IT TRUE ( ! ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 ,NECESS>ILY SO1 S9CE BY ITS V]Y NATURE IT IS NOT A MOVEM5T ?AT CAN CONQU] IMM$IATE TANGIBLE RESULTS1 SU* AS A POLITICAL MOVEM5T1 = 9/ANCE1 CAN ACCOMPLI%4 ,IT MAY BE SAID ?AT ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 EV5 ! MO/ ADVANC$ POLITICAL MOVEM5T1 SU* AS ,SOCIALISM1 & ,AN>*ISM IS ?IS3 ! ONE SEEKS ! TRANS=MATION ( POLITICAL & ECONOMIC CONDITIONS1 :ILE ! GOAL ( ! O!R 9CLUDES A COMPLETE TRANSVALUATION ( 9DIVIDUAL & SOCIAL CONCEPTIONS4 ,SU* A GIGANTIC TASK IS NECESS>ILY ( SL[ PROGRESS2 NOR CAN ITS ADVANCEM5T BE C\NT$ BY NOSES OR BALLOTS4 ,IT IS ! FAILURE TO REALIZE FULLY ! 5ORMITY ( ! TASK ?AT IS P>TLY RESPONSIBLE = ! PESSIMISM ?AT SO (T5 OV]TAKES ! ACTIVE SPIRITS ( ! MOVEM5T4 ,TO ?AT IS ADD$ ! LACK ( CL>ITY REG>D+ ! MANN] ( SOCIAL ACC\T]M5TS4  

,! ,OLD IS TO GIVE BIR? TO ! ,NEW4 ,H[ DO SU* ?+S HAPP58 AS LITTLE ,W5DLA ASKS H] MO!R 9 ,W$EK9D'S ,FRUHL+S ,]WA*54 ,WE HAVE \TGR[N ! /ORK ( ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION ?AT WILL DELIV] US ! NEWBORN *ILD ( READY-MADE EQUALITY1 FRAT]NITY1 & LIB]TY4 ,WE N[ CONCEIVE ( ! COM+ SOCIAL LIFE AS A CONDITION RA!R ?AN A SY/EM4 ,A CONDITION ( M9D1 PRIM>ILY2 ONE BAS$ ON SOLID>ITY ( 9T]E/S >IS+ FROM SOCIAL UND]/&+ & 5LI<T5$ SELF-9T]E/4 ,A SY/EM CAN BE ORGANIZ$1 MADE4 ,A CONDITION MU/ BE DEVELOP$4 ,?IS DEVELOPM5T IS DET]M9$ BY EXI/+ 5VIRONM5T & ! 9TELLECTUAL T5D5CIES ( ! TIMES4 ,! CAUSATION ( BO? IS NO D\BT MUTUAL & 9T]DEP5D5T1 BUT ! FACTOR ( 9DIVIDUAL & PROPAG&I/IC EF=T IS NOT TO BE UND]E/IMAT$4  

,! SOCIAL LIFE ( MAN IS A C5T]1 AS IT W]E1 :5CE RADIATE NUM]\S 9TELLECTUAL T5D5CIES1 CROSS+ & ZIGZAGG+1 REC$+ & APPROA*+ EA* O!R 9 9T]M9ABLE SUCCESSION4 ,! PO9TS ( CONV]G5CE CREATE NEW C5T]S1 EX]T+ V>Y+ 9FLU5CES UPON ! L>G] C5T]1 ! G5]AL LIFE ( HUMANITY4 ,?US NEW 9TELLECTUAL & E?ICAL ATMOSPH]ES >E E/ABLI%$1 ! DEGREE ( !IR 9FLU5CE DEP5D+1 PRIM>ILY1 ON ! ACTIVE 5?USIASM ( ! ADH]5TS2 ULTIMATELY1 ON ! K9%IP BETWE5 ! NEW IDEAL & ! REQUIREM5TS ( HUMAN NATURE4 ,/RIK+ ?IS TRUE *ORD1 ! NEW IDEAL WILL AFFECT EV] MORE 9TELLECTUAL C5T]S :I* GRADUALLY BEG9 9T]PRET+ !MSELVES 9TO LIFE & TRANSVALU+ ! VALUES ( ! GREAT G5]AL C5T]1 ! SOCIAL LIFE ( MAN4  

,AN>*ISM IS SU* AN 9TELLECTUAL & E?ICAL ATMOSPH]E4 ,) SURE H& IT HAS T\*$ ! HE>T ( HUMANITY1 9FLU5C+ ! WORLD'S =EMO/ M9DS 9 LIT]ATURE1 >T1 & PHILOSOPHY4 ,IT HAS RESURRECT$ ! 9DIVIDUAL FROM ! RU9S ( ! SOCIAL DEBACLE4 ,9 ! =EFRONT ( HUMAN ADVANCE1 ITS PROGRESS IS NECESS>ILY PA9FULLY SL[3 ! LEAD5 WEI<T ( AGES ( IGNORANCE & SUP]/ITION HANGS HEAVILY AT ITS HEELS4 ,BUT ITS SL[ PROGRESS %\LD BY NO MEANS PROVE DISC\RAG+4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y3 IT EVID5CES ! NECESSITY ( GREAT] EF=T1 ( SOLIDIFY+ EXI/+ LIB]T>IAN C5T]S1 & ( CEASELESS ACTIVITY TO CREATE NEW ONES4  

,! IMMATURITY ( ! PA/ HAD BL9D$ \R VISION TO ! TRUE REQUIREM5TS ( ! SITUATION4 ,AN>*ISM WAS REG>D$1 EV5 BY ITS ADH]5TS1 AS AN IDEAL = ! FUTURE4 ,ITS PRACTICAL APPLICATION TO CURR5T LIFE WAS 5TIRELY IGNOR$4 ,! PROPAG&A WAS CIRCUMSCRIB$ BY ! HOPE ( U%]+ 9 ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION4 ,PREP>ATION = ! NEW SOCIAL LIFE WAS NOT CONSID]$ NECESS>Y4 ,! GRADUAL DEVELOPM5T & GR[? ( ! COM+ DAY DID NOT 5T] 9TO REVOLUTION>Y CONCEPTS4 ,! DAWN HAD BE5 OV]LOOK$4 ,A FATAL ]ROR1 = !RE IS NO DAY )\T DAWN4  

,! M>TYRDOM ( ,FRANCISCO ,F]R] WILL NOT HAVE BE5 9 VA9 IF1 ?R\< IT1 ! ,AN>*I/S - AS WELL AS O!R RADICAL ELEM5TS - WILL REALIZE ?AT1 9 SOCIAL AS WELL AS 9 9DIVIDUAL LIFE1 CONCEPTION PREC$ES BIR?4 ,! SOCIAL CONCEPTION :I* WE NE$1 & MU/ HAVE1 IS ! CREATION ( LIB]T>IAN C5T]S :I* %ALL RADIATE ! ATMOSPH]E ( ! DAWN 9TO ! LIFE ( HUMANITY4  

,MANY SU* C5T]S >E POSSIBLE4 ,BUT ! MO/ IMPORTANT ( ALL IS ! Y\NG LIFE1 ! GR[+ G5]ATION4 ,AFT] ALL1 IT IS !Y UPON :OM WILL DEVOLVE ! TASK ( C>RY+ ! WORK =W>D4 ,JU/ 9 ! PROPORTION ?AT ! Y\NG G5]ATION GR[S MORE 5LI<T5$ & LIB]T>IAN1 WILL WE APPROA* A FRE] SOCIETY4 ,YET 9 ?IS REG>D WE HAVE BE51 & /ILL >E1 UNP>DONABLY NEGLIG5T2 WE ,AN>*I/S1 ,SOCIALI/S1 & O!R RADICALS4 ,PROTE/+ AGA9/ ! SUP]/ITION-BRE$+ $UCATIONAL SY/EM1 WE NEV]!LESS CONT9UE TO SUBJECT \R *ILDR5 TO ITS BANEFUL 9FLU5CE4 ,WE CONDEMN ! MADNESS ( W>1 YET WE P]MIT \R (FSPR+ TO BE 9CULCAT$ ) ! POISON ( PATRIOTISM4 ,\RSELVES MORE OR LESS EMANCIPAT$ FROM FALSE B\RGEOIS /&>DS1 WE /ILL SUFF] \R *ILDR5 TO BE CORRUPT$ BY ! HYPOCRISY ( ! E/ABLI%$4 ,EV]Y SU* P>5T DIRECTLY AIDS 9 ! P]PETUATION ( DOM9ANT IGNORANCE & SLAV]Y4 ,CAN WE 9DE$ EXPECT A G5]ATION RE>$ 9 ! ATMOSPH]E ( ! SUPPRESSIVE1 AU?ORIT>IAN $UCATIONAL REGIME1 TO =M ! CORN]/ONE ( A FREE1 SELF-RELIANT HUMANITY8 ,SU* P>5TS >E CRIM9ALLY GUILTY T[>D !MSELVES & !IR *ILDR53 !Y RE> ! <O/ ?AT WILL DIVIDE !IR H\SE AGA9/ ITSELF1 & /R5G!N ! BULW>KS ( D>KNESS4  

,NO 9TELLIG5T RADICAL CAN FAIL TO REALIZE ! NE$ ( ! RATIONAL $UCATION ( ! Y\NG4 ,! RE>+ ( ! *ILD MU/ BECOME A PROCESS ( LIB]ATION BY ME?ODS :I* %ALL NOT IMPOSE READY-MADE IDEAS1 BUT :I* %\LD AID ! *ILD'S NATURAL SELF-UNFOLDM5T4 ,! PURPOSE ( SU* AN $UCATION IS NOT TO =CE ! *ILD'S ADAPTATION TO ACCEPT$ CONCEPTS4 BUT TO GIVE FREE PLAY TO HIS .<& H].> ORIG9ALITY1 9ITIATIVE1 & 9DIVIDUALITY4 ,ONLY BY FREE+ $UCATION FROM COMPULSION & RE/RA9T CAN WE CREATE ! 5VIRONM5T = ! MANIFE/ATION ( ! SPONTANE\S 9T]E/ & 9N] 9C5TIVES ON ! P>T ( ! *ILD4 ,ONLY ?US CAN WE SUPPLY RATIONAL CONDITIONS FAVORABLE TO ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! *ILD'S NATURAL T5D5CIES & HIS LAT5T EMOTIONAL & M5TAL FACULTIES4 ,SU* ME?ODS ( $UCATION1 ESS5TIALLY AID+ ! *ILD'S IMITATIVE QUALITY & >DOR = KN[L$GE1 WILL DEVELOP A G5]ATION ( HEAL?Y 9TELLECTUAL 9DEP5D5CE4 ,IT WILL PRODUCE M5 & WOM5 CAPABLE1 9 ! WORDS ( ,FRANCISCO ,F]R]1 0( EVOLV+ )\T /OPP+1 ( DE/ROY+ & R5EW+ !IR 5VIRONM5T )\T CESSATION2 ( R5EW+ !MSELVES ALSO2 ALWAYS READY TO ACCEPT :AT IS BE/1 HAPPY 9 ! TRIUMPH ( NEW IDEAS1 ASPIR+ TO LIVE MULTIPLE LIVES 9 ONE LIFE40  

,UPON SU* M5 & WOM5 RE/S ! HOPE ( HUMAN PROGRESS4 ,TO !M BELONGS ! FUTURE4 ,& IT IS1 TO A V]Y CONSID]ABLE EXT5T1 9 \R [N P[] TO PAVE ! WAY4 ,! DEA? ( ,FRANCISCO ,F]R] W]E 9 VA91 \R 9DIGNATION1 SYMPA?Y1 & ADMIRATION WOR?LESS1 UNLESS WE TRANSLATE ! IDEALS ( ! M>TYR$ $UCATOR 9TO PRACTICE & LIFE1 & ?US ADVANCE ! HUMAN /RUGGLE = 5LI<T5M5T & LIB]TY4  

,A BEG9N+ HAS ALREADY BE5 MADE4 ,SEV]AL S*OOLS1 ALONG ,F]R] L9ES1 >E BE+ CONDUCT$ 9 ,NEW ,YORK & ,BROOKLYN2 ,PHILADELPHIA & ,*ICAGO >E ALSO AB\T TO OP5 CLASSES4 ,AT PRES5T ! EF=TS >E LIMIT$1 = LACK ( AID & TEA*]S1 TO ,SUNDAY S*OOLS4 ,BUT !Y >E ! NUCLEUS ( GR&1 F>-REA*+ POT5TIALITY4 ,! RADICAL ELEM5TS ( ,AM]ICA1 & *IEFLY ! ,FRANCISCO ,F]R] ,ASSOCIATION1 C\LD RE> NO WOR?I] NOR MORE LA/+ MONUM5T TO ! MEMORY ( ! M>TYR$ $UCATOR1 ,FRANCISCO ,F]R]1 ?AN BY A G5]\S RESPONSE TO ?IS APPEAL = ! E/ABLI%M5T ( ! FIR/ ,FRANCISCO ,F]R] ,DAY ,S*OOL 9 ,AM]ICA4  

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