,9TRODUCTION #aiacaiac ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,FRANCISCO ,F]R] ,TRANSLATOR 3 ,JOSEPH ,MC,CABE ,TEXT 3 ,OCTOB] #a#b1 #a#i#i1 ,FRANCISCO ,F]R] Y ,GU>DIA WAS %OT 9 ! TR5*ES ( ! ,MONTJUI* ,=TRESS AT ,B>CELONA4 ,A ,MILIT>Y ,C\NCIL HAD F\ND HIM GUILTY ( BE+ 0HEAD ( ! 9SURRECTION0 :I* HAD1 A FEW MON?S BE=E1 LIT ! FLAME ( CIVIL W> 9 ! CITY & PROV9CE4 ,! CL]GY HAD OP5LY PETITION$ ! ,SPANI% ,PREMI]1 :5 ,F]R] WAS >RE/$1 TO LOOK TO ! ,MOD]N ,S*OOL & ITS F\ND] = ! S\RCE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y FEEL+2 & ! ,PREMI] HAD1 9/EAD ( REBUK+ !M1 PROMIS$ TO DO SO4 ,:5 ,F]R] WAS >RE/$ ! PROSECUTION SP5T MANY WEEKS 9 COLLECT+ EVID5CE AGA9/ HIM1 & GRANT$ A FREE P>DON TO SEV]AL M5 :O W]E IMPLICAT$ 9 ! RIOT1 = TE/IFY+ AGA9/ HIM4 ,!SE ?REE OR F\R M5 W]E ! ONLY WITNESSES \T ( FIFTY :O W\LD HAVE BE5 HE>D PATI5TLY 9 A CIVIL C\RT ( JU/ICE1 & EV5 !IR TE/IMONY W\LD AT ONCE HAVE CRUMBL$ UND] CROSS-EXAM9ATION4 ,BUT !RE WAS NO CROSS-EXAM9ATION1 & NO WITNESSES W]E BR\E A DEF5SE4 ,EVID5CE S5T 9 ,F]R]'S FAVOR WAS CONFISCAT$ BY ! POLICE2 ! WITNESSES :O C\LD HAVE DISPROV$ ! CASE AGA9/ HIM W]E KEPT 9 CU/ODY MILES AWAY FROM ,B>CELONA2 & DOCUM5TS :I* W\LD HAVE T5D$ TO %[ HIS 9NOC5SE W]E REFUS$ TO ! DEF5D+ (FIC] AGA9/ ! BRUTAL 9JU/ICE ( ! PROCE$+S1 ! MILIT>Y JUDGES F\ND ,F]R] GUILTY1 & HE WAS %OT4 ,)9 A MON? ( ! JUDICIAL MURD] ( ,F]R] ,I PUT ! :OLE ABOM9ABLE /ORY BE=E ! ,BRITI% PUBLIC4 ,I %[$ ! DEEP CORRUPTION ( ,*UR* & POLITICS 9 ,SPA91 & PROV$ ?AT CL]GY & POLITICIANS HAD CONSPIR$ TO USE ! GROSS & PLIABLE MA*9]Y ( 0MILIT>Y JU/ICE0 TO REMOVE A MAN :OSE SOLE AIM WAS TO OP5 ! EYES ( ! ,SPANI% PEOPLE4 ,A PROLONG$ & PASSIONATE CONTROV]SY FOLL[$4 ,?AT CONTROV]SY HAS NOT ALT]$ A L9E ( MY BOOK4 ,MR4 ,WILLIAM ,>*]1 9 A COLD & IMP>TIAL /UDY ( ! MATT]1 HAS FULLY SUPPORT$ MY 9DICTM5T ( ! PROSECUTION ( ,F]R]2 & ,PR(ESSOR ,SIM>RO1 ( ,MADRID ,UNIV]SITY1 HAS1 9 A VOLUM9\S /UDY ( ! TRIAL 7,EL ,PROCESO ,F]R]-TWO L>GE VOLUMBES71 QUOT$ :OLE *APT]S ( MY LITTLE WORK4 ,:51 9 #a#i#a#b1 ! ,SUPREME ,MILIT>Y ,C\NCIL ( ,SPA9 WAS =C$ TO DECL>E ?AT NO S+LE ACT ( VIOL5CE C\LD BE DIRECTLY OR 9DIRECTLY TRAC$ TO ,F]R] 7:]EAS ! *IEF WITNESS = ! PROSECUTION HAD S[N ?AT HE SAW ,F]R] LEAD+ A TROOP ( RIOT]S71 & ORD]$ ! RE/ORATION ( HIS PROP]TY1 ! CASE = HIS 9NOC5CE WAS CLOS$4 ,IT REMA9S ONLY = ,SPA9 TO WIPE ! F\L /A9 FROM ITS ANNALS BY REMOV+ ! BONES ( ! M>TYR$ TEA*] FROM ! TR5*ES ( ,MONTJUI*1 & TO DECL>E1 ) REAL ,SPANI% PRIDE1 ?AT A GRAVE 9JU/ICE HAD BE5 DONE4 ,MEANTIME1 ! RE/ORATION ( ,F]R]'S PROP]TY HAS 5ABL$ HIS TRU/EES TO RESUME HIS WORK4 ,AMONG HIS PAP]S !Y F\ND A MANUSCRIPT ACC\NT1 FROM HIS [N P51 ( ! ORIG9 & IDEALS ( ! ,MOD]N ,S*OOL1 & !IR FIR/ ACT IS TO GIVE IT TO ! WORLD4 ,9 #aif ,F]R] HAD BE5 >RE/$ ON ! *>GE ( COMPLICITY 9 ! ATTEMPT ( ,MORRAL TO ASSASS9ATE ! ,K+4 ,HE WAS KEPT 9 JAIL = A YE>1 & ! MO/ SC&AL\S EF=TS W]E MADE1 9 ! C\RT & ! C\NTRY1 TO SECURE A JUDICIAL MURD]2 BUT IT WAS A CIVIL 7OR CIVILIZ$7 TRIAL1 & ! *>GE WAS CONTEMPTU\SLY REJECT$4 ,GO+ TO ! ,PYR5EES 9 ! E>LY ,SUMM] ( #aih TO RECUP]ATE1 ,F]R] DET]M9$ TO WRITE ! SIMPLE /ORY ( HIS S*OOL1 & IT IS ?IS ,I N[ (F] TO ,5GLI% READ]S4 ,9 ?IS WORK ,F]R] DEPICTS HIMSELF MORE TRULY & VIVIDLY ?AN ANY FRI5D ( HIS HAS EV] DONE4 ,= MY P>T1 ,I HAD NEV] SE5 ,F]R]1 & NEV] SE5 ,SPA92 BUT ,I WAS ACQUA9T$ ) ,SPANI% LIFE & LETT]S1 & KNEW ?AT !RE HAD BE5 COMMITT$ 9 ! TW5TIE? C5TURY ONE ( ?OSE OLD-WORLD CRIMES BY :I* ! *ILDR5 ( D>KNESS SEEK TO >RE/ ! ADVANCE ( MAN4 ,I 9T]PRET$ ,F]R] FROM HIS WORK1 HIS LETT]S1 A FEW J\RNALI/IC >TICLES HE HAD WRITT5--HE HAD NEV] PUBLI%$ A BOOK--& ! IMPRESSIONS ( HIS FRI5DS & PUPILS4 ,9 ?IS BOOK ! MAN PORTRAYS HIMSELF1 & DESCRIBES HIS AIMS ) A C&OR ?AT ALL WILL APPRECIATE4 ,! LESS FOOLI% ( HIS 5EMIES HAVE CEAS$ TO ASS]T ?AT HE ORGANIZ$ OR L$ ! RIOT AT ,B>CELONA 9 #a#i#i4 ,IT WAS1 !Y SAY1 ! T5D5CY1 ! SUBTLE AIM1 ( HIS WORK :I* MADE HIM RESPONSIBLE4 ,IT MAY BE REMEMB]$ ?AT ! ,SATURDAY ,REVIEW & O!R J\RNALS PUBLI%$ ! MO/ UNBLU%+LY M5DACI\S LETT]S1 FROM ANONYM\S CORRESPOND5TS1 SAY+ ?AT !Y HAD SE5 PO/]S ON ! WALLS ( ,F]R]'S S*OOLS 9CIT+ *ILDR5 TO VIOL5CE4 ,AS ! V]Y ZEAL\S POLICE DID NOT AT ! TRIAL EV5 M5TION ,F]R]'S S*OOLS1 OR ! TEXT-BOOKS US$ 9 !M1 !SE LIES NE$ NO FUR!R EXPOSURE4 ,BUT MANY P]SI/ 9 ?9K+1 S9CE !RE IS N[ NO?+ FUR!R TO ?9K TO ! DISADVANTAGE ( ,F]R]1 ?AT HIS S*OOLS W]E REALLY HOT-B$S ( REBELLION & W]E V]Y NATURALLY SUPPRESS$4 ,H]E IS ! FULL /ORY ( ! ,MOD]N ,S*OOL1 TOLD 9 TRANSP>5TLY SIMPLE LANGUAGE4 ,H]E IS ! :OLE MAN1 ) ALL HIS IDEALS1 AIMS1 & RES5TM5TS4 ,IT %[S1 AS WE WELL KNEW1 & C\LD HAVE PROV$ ) OV]:ELM+ =CE AT HIS TRIAL HAD WE BE5 P]MITT$1 ?AT HE WAS ABSOLUTELY OPPOS$ TO VIOL5CE EV] S9CE1 9 HIS Y\?1 HE HAD TAK5 P>T 9 AN ABORTIVE REVOLUTION4 ,IT TELLS H[ HE CAME TO DI/RU/ VIOL5CE & ?OSE :O US$ IT2 H[ HE CONCLUD$ ?AT ! MORAL & 9TELLECTUAL TRA9+ ( *ILDR5 WAS TO BE ! SOLE WORK ( HIS C>E]2 H[1 :5 HE OBTA9$ ! FUNDS1 HE TURN$ COMPLETELY FROM POLITICS1 & DEVOT$ HIMSELF TO $UCAT+ *ILDR5 9 KN[L$GE ( SCI5CE & 9 S5TIM5TS ( PEACE & BRO!RHOOD4 ,IT TELLS ALSO1 ) ! SAME TRANSP>5T PLA9NESS1 :Y HIS NOBLE M9D$ WORK 9CURR$ SU* VIOL5T 5MITY4 ,HE NAIVELY BOA/S ?AT ! $UCATION 9 ! ,MOD]N ,S*OOL WAS FREE FROM DOGMAS4 ,IT WAS NOT1 & CANNOT BE 9 ANY S*OOL1 FREE FROM DOGMAS1 = DOGMA MEANS 0TEA*+10 & HE GAVE TEA*+ ( A V]Y DEF9ITE *>ACT]4 ,MR4 ,BELLOC'S 9DICTM5T ( HIS S*OOLS IS1 LIKE ,MR4 ,BELLOC'S 9DICTM5T ( HIS *>ACT] & GUILT1 EVID5TLY BAS$ ON COMPLETE IGNORANCE ( ! FACTS & A V]Y EXT5SIVE KN[L$GE ( ! RECKLESSLY M5DACI\S LIT]ATURE ( HIS OPPON5TS4 ,EV5 ,MR4 ,>*]'S ACC\NT ( HIS S*OOL IS GROSSLY MISLEAD+4 ,! ,MOD]N ,S*OOL WAS 0AV[$LY A NURS]Y ( REBELLI\S CITIZ5S0 ONLY 9 ! SAME S5SE AS IS ANY ,SOCIALI/ ,SUNDAY-S*OOL 9 ,5GL& OR ,G]MANY2 & ! ,SPANI% ,GOV]NM5T HAS NEV] CLAIM$1 & C\LD NOT CLAIM1 = A MOM5T ! RI AS IT FALSELY *>G$ ! F\ND] ) CRIME & CONFISCAT$ HIS PROP]TY4 ,F]R]'S S*OOL WAS ?OR\ISM WAS A CRIME1 ?AT ! UNEQUAL DI/RIBUTION ( WEAL? WAS A ?+ TO BE ABHORR$1 ?AT ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM WAS BAD = ! WORK]S1 & ?AT POLITICAL GOV]NM5T IS AN EVIL4 ,HE HAD A P]FECT RID TO ALT]+ ! 9DU/RIAL & POLITICAL SY/EM BY VIOL5CE4 ,?IS ,F]R] NOT ONLY DID NOT TEA*1 BUT /R5U\SLY OPPOS$4 ,WE HAVE OV]:ELM+ PRO( ( ?IS AT EV]Y /EP ( HIS LAT] C>E]4 ,BUT HE WAS A *ILD ( ! WORK]S1 & HE HAD A PASSIONATE & NOBLE RES5TM5T ( ! IGNORANCE1 POV]TY1 & SQUALOR ( ! LIVES ( SO L>GE A PROPORTION ( ! WORK]S4 ,HE WAS ALSO AN ,AN>*I/1 9 ! S5SE ( ,TOL/OY2 HEBELIEV$ ?AT LIB]TY WAS ESS5TIAL TO ! DEVELOPM5T ( MAN1 & C5TRAL GOV]NM5T AN EVIL4 ,BUT1 AS RIGOR\SLY AS ,TOL/OY1 HE RELI$ ON P]SUASION & ABHORR$ VIOL5CE4 ,I W\LD CALL ATT5TION TO ,*APT] ,V,I ( ?IS BOOK1 9 :I* HE PLEADS = 0! CO-$UCATION ( ! RI* & POOR02 & !RE W]E *ILDR5 ( MIDDLE-CLASS P>5TS1 EV5 ( UNIV]SITY-PR(ESSORS1 9 HIS S*OOL4 ,MO/ DECID$LY HE PREA*$ NO CLASS-HATR$ OR VIOL5CE4 ,I DO NOT %>E HIS ACADEMIC & 9NOC5T ,AN>*I/ IDEAL--:I* IS F> NE>] TO ,CONS]VATISM ?AN TO ,SOCIALISM--BUT ,I %>E TO ! FULL ?AT 9T5SE & PASSIONATE LONG+ = ! UPLIFT+ & BRI 9 M9D ! ,SPANI% ATMOSPH]E ( ?IS TRAG$Y4 ,:5 ,F]R] DESCRIBES 0EXI/+ S*OOLS0 HE MEANS ! S*OOLS ( ,SPA91 :I* >E1 = ! MO/ P>T1 A MOCK]Y & A %AME4 ,:5 HE TALKS ( 0RUL+ P[]S0 HE HAS 9 M9D ! POLITICIANS ( ,SPA91 MY 9DICTM5T ( :OM1 9 !IR [N LANGUAGE1 HAS NEV] BE5 QUE/ION$4 ,:5 HE TALKS ( 0SUP]/ITION0 HE MEANS PRIM>ILY ,SPANI% SUP]/ITION2 HE REF]S TO A PRIE/HOOD ?AT /ILL MAKES MILLIONS EV]Y YE> BY ! SALE ( 9DULG5CES4 ,IF Y\ REMEMB] !SE ?+S1 Y\ WILL1 H[EV] Y\ DISS5T FROM HIS TEA*+ 9 P>TS1 APPRECIATE ! BURN+ & UNSELFI% IDEALISM ( ! MAN1 & UND]/& :Y SOME ( US SEE ! BR& ( ,CA9 ON ! FAIR BR[ ( ,SPA9 = EXT+UI%+ ?AT IDEALISM 9 BLOOD4 ,J4,M4 ,FEBRU>Y1 #aiac 7,S\RCE3 ,LONDON3 ,WATTS @& ,CO41 #ag ,JOHNSON'S ,C\RT1 ,FLEET ,/REET1 ,E4,C41 #a#i#a#c47 ,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,NOVEMB] #c1 #aiab 3 ,9TRODUCTION -- ,PUBLICATION4 ,FEBRU>Y #e1 #bag 3 ,9TRODUCTION -- ,ADD$4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/