,! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE & ,KRON/ADT 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ALEX&] ,B]KMAN 

,TAGS 3 REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAT ( P>IS1 WORK]S ( PETROGRAD1 PROLET>IAT ( P>IS1 SAILORS & SOLDI]S1 SOLDI]S ( KRON/ADT1 LIB]TY & JU/ICE1 M5 ( KRON/ADT1 WORK]S AT PETROGRAD1 L59 & TROTSKY1 PROLET>IAT ( PETROGRAD4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,JOPA ,ELLEUL1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE ,M>* IS A HI/ORIC MON?3 9 ! /RUGGLE ( MANK9D AGA9/ ! P[] ( D>KNESS & OPPRESSION IT HAS FREQU5TLY PLAY$ A V]Y SIGNIFICANT ROLE4 ,BUT ! MO/ IMPORTANT ,M>*  EV5T ( MOD]N TIMES IS ( COMP>ATIVELY REC5T DATE4 ,IT TOOK PLACE 9 ,RUSSIA JU/ T5 YE>S AGO 9 #a#i#b#a1 & IS KN[N AS ! ,KRON/ADT ,REBELLION4  

 ,9 MANY ( ITS *>ACT]I/ICS ! ,KRON/ADT ,REBELLION HAD GREAT SIMIL>ITY ) ANO!R GREAT HI/ORIC UPRIS+1 NAMELY ?AT ( ! PROLET>IAT ( ,P>IS 9 #a#h#g1 :I* IS KN[N AS ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE4 ,! MON? ( ,M>* IS ! ANNIV]S>Y ( ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE1 AS WELL ! AS ! ,KRON/ADT ,REBELLION1 & IT IS FITT+ ?AT ! TWO GREAT EV5TS BE CELEBRAT$ AT ! SAME TIME4  

 ,I SAY 0 CELEBRAT$0 ADVIS$LY4 ,= ?\< ,KRON/ADT AS WELL AS ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE 5D$ AS FE>FUL TRAG$IES1  BO? ( !M /& \T 9 PROLET>IAN HI/ORY AS /IRR+ & MOM5T\S /RUGGLES = LIB]TY & JU/ICE4  ,!Y >E BEACON LI<TS1 %$D+ HOPE & 5C\RAGEM5T ON ! ROAD ( EMANCIPATION4 ,TRUE1 ,KRON/ADT FAIL$ ( ITS REAL PURPOSE JU/ AS ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE HAD FAIL$1 BUT ! V]Y FACT ( !IR HAV+ BE51 & HAV+ /RIV5 & F\<T ) H]OIC REVOLUTION>Y IDEALISM IS A S\RCE ( LA/+ 9SPIRATION = ! OPPRESS$ & DIS9H]IT$ ( ! WORLD4  

,ON ,M>* #a#h1 #a#h#g#a1 ! REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAT ( ,P>IS PROCLAIM$ ! ,COMMUNE4 ,!RE >E TIMES :5 OV]TURN+ ! GOV]NM5T CAN BE ACCOMPLI%$ )\T MU* DIFFICULTY4 ,AT C]TA9 MOM5TS ! POLITICAL ,/ATE CRUMBLES TO PIECES1 LIKE A H\SE ( C>DS1 BE=E ! FIR/ W>M BREA? ( ! PEOPLE RIS5 9 REVOLT4 ,SU* A TIME WAS ,M>*1 #a#h#g#a1 9 ,FRANCE4 ,! PEOPLE AT L>GE W]E BITT] AGA9/ ! GOV]NM5T1 TIR$ ( ! W> ) ,G]MANY1 & DESP]ATE ) ! SUFF]+ CAUS$ BY TYRANNICAL1 OPPRESSIVE & CORRUPT RULE4 ,BISM>CK HAD DICTAT$ HIS [N T]MS 9 ,V]SAILLES & HUMILIAT$ ! ,FR5* GOV]NM5T1 & ?AT S]V$ TO 9CREASE ! CONTEMPT & 5MITY ?AT ! ,FR5* PEOPLE FELT AGA9/ ! HEADS ( ! ,/ATE4  

 ,! MOM5T = A REVOLUTION WAS MO/ PROPITI\S4 ,! DECL>ATION ( ! ,COMMUNE 9 ,P>IS FILL$ ! 5TIRE POPULATION ) ! GREATE/ JOY4 ,IT WAS FELT AS A MO/ LONG$-= DELIV]ANCE FROM ! HAT$ ,V]SAILLES TYRANTS4 ,EV5 ! MIDDLE CLASS ELEM5TS W]E C>RI$ AWAY BY ! G5]AL 5?USIASM2 !Y WELCOM$ ! MO/ ?OR\< *ANGE4 ,! TIME WAS RIPE1 ! SITUATION MO/ FAVORABLE TO REVOLUTION>Y REBUILD+ ( ! C\NTRY4  

,ACTION WAS NECESS>Y & URG5T -- REVOLUTION>Y ACTION TO PUT ! PROLET>IAN ASPIRATIONS 9TO LIFE1 TO MAKE ! ,COMMUNE A VITAL REALITY1 BROAD5+ & WID5+ IT ?R\<\T ! 5TIRE L&4  

,ALAS1 HE RESPECT = ! B\RGEOIS CONCEPTIONS ( LAW & ORD]1 TO ! SANCTITY ( CAPITALI/ PROP]TY1 & FAI? 9 ! 0 HUMANITY 0 ( ! 5EMY W]E SOON TO TURN ! GREAT VICTORY ( ! REVOLUTION>Y MASSES 9TO T]RIBLE DEFEAT4 ,! FIR/ MEASURES ( ! ,COMMUNE %\LD HAVE TAK5 WAS TO PROVIDE BREAD = ! PEOPLE4 ,! W>EH\SES W]E WELL-/OCK$1 ! RI* HAD PROVID$ !MSELVES DUR+ ! W> ) HUGE SUPPLIES1 & ! ,GOV]NM5T & PRIVATE BANKS W]E FILL$ ) GOLD4  

,BUT 9/EAD ( CONFISCAT+ ! ACCUMULAT$ WEAL? & FOOD/UFFS = ! B5EFIT ( ! />V+ MASSES1 ! ,COMMUNE MADE ! FATAL MI/AKE ( WA/+ PRECI\S MOM5TS ON -- ELECTIONS3 9/EAD ( ACT+ = !MSELVES & ORGANIZ+ ! NEW ORD] ( ?+S1 ! ,COMMUN>D MASSES CONFID$ 9 !IR 0 LEAD]S 01 5TRU/$ !M ) TAK+ ! 9ITIATIVE & LET !M PASS NECESS>Y MEASURES4 ,KN[N  REVOLUTIONI/S W]E ELECT$ BY GREAT MAJORITIES3 ,JACOB9S1 ,BLANQUI/S & ,9T]NATIONALI/S W]E REPRES5T$ 9 ! ,C\NCIL ( ! ,COMMUNE4 ,BUT EV5 ) ! BE/ 9T5TIONS !SE REVOLUTION>Y 0 LEAD]S 0 DID NOT KN[ :AT TO DO ) ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,! MASSES !MSELVES KNEW !IR NE$S & WANTS1 BUT ! ,C\NCIL ( ! ELECT$ SIMPLY PROCE$$ TO FOLL[ E/ABLI%$ =MS ( 0 GOV]N+ 04 ,!Y DID NOT EV5 KN[ H[ TO ORGANIZE ! DEF5SE ( ,P>IS4  

,TOO LATE ! ,COMMUNE REALIZ$ ?AT :AT IT MO/ NE$$ WAS FOOD & NOT NEW RULES4 ,IT BEGAN TO OP5 COMMUNAL KIT*5S TO FE$ ! PEOPLE1 BUT VALUABLE TIME HAD BE5 LO/ :I* GAVE ,V]SAILLES A *ANCE TO RECOV] FROM ITS GREAT FRI<T & TO GA!R ITS =CES TO ATTACK ! REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAT ( ,P>IS4 ,!IRS & ,GALLIFET SLAU<T]$ #c1 WORK]S 9 !  

/REETS ( ! ,FR5* CAPITAL & DR[N$ ! ,COMMUNE 9 ! BLOOD ( ITS H]OIC DEF5D]S4 ,DE>LY DID !Y PAY = !IR MI/AKES4  

,! SAME FE>FUL PRICE HAD ,KRON/ADT TO PAY = ITS FAI? 9 GOV]NORS4 ,/AUN* REVOLUTIONI/S & AS DEVOT$ TO !IR CAUSE AS ! BRAVE ,COMMUN>DS1 ! M5 ( ,KRON/ADT FELL VICTIMS TO !IR CONFID5CE 9 ! REVOLUTION>Y 9TEGRITY ( ! ,BOL%EVIK RUL]S4  

,! ,KRON/ADT REBELLION ( ,M>*1 #a#i#b#a1 BEGAN AS A M]E EXPRESSION ( SYMPA?Y ) ! /RIK+ WORK]S AT ,PETROGRAD4  ,! SAILORS & SOLDI]S ( ,KRON/ADT W]E HI/ORICALLY ! MO/ REVOLUTION>Y ELEM5T 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,IT WAS !Y :O HAD BE5 ! MA9 /R5G? ( ! ,BOL%EVIKI 9 !IR FI<T AGA9/ ! ,PROVISIONAL ,GOV]NM5T ( ,K]5SKY4  ,!Y HAD 5ABL$ ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY TO UPSET ! ,CON/ITU5T ,ASSEMBLY & TO PROCLAIM$ !MSELVES ! NEW RUL]S1 ) ,L59 & ,TROTSKY AS ! DICTATORS 9 ,KREML94 ,TROTSKY HAD REPEAT$LY DECL>$ ?AT )\T ! SAILORS ( ,KRON/ADT ! ,BOL%EVIKI W\LD HAVE BE5 P[]LESS4 ,HE ADDRESS$ ! ,KRON/ADT M5 AS 0! PRIDE & GLORY ( ! ,REVOLUTION 04 

,! ,KRON/ADT SOLDI]S & SAILORS HAD MADE COMMON CAUSE ) ! WORK]S 9 ! ,OCTOB] ,REVOLUTION1 F\<T SIDE-BY-SIDE ) !M1 %>$ !IR DANG] HUNG]1 & W]E 9DE$ TRUE BRO!RS 9 A COMMON CAUSE4 ,NO WOND] ?AT :5 A G5]AL /RIKE BROKE \T 9 ,PETROGRAD1 ON ,FEBRU>Y #b#d1 #a#i#b#a1 ! M5 ( ,KRON/ADT /OOD A<A/1 AS DID 9 FACT ! 5TIRE C\NTRY4 ,! WORK]S ( ,PETROGRAD HAD BUT A %ORT TIME BE=E & ) !IR UNAID$ EF=TS SAV$ ,PETROGRAD FROM ! ,YUD5IT* >MY1 & BY SAV+ ,PETROGRAD !Y HAD ALSO SAV$ ,MOSC[ & ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,! ,BOL%EVIKI HAD MU* TO ?ANK ! ,PETROGRAD PROLET>IAT =4 ,ITS >TISANS1 ME*ANICS & DAY LABOR]S HAD S]V$ ON MANY FRONTS2 !Y W]E ! TRUE ADVANCE GU>D ( ! ,REVOLUTION & !Y HAD SACRIFIC$ !IR BLOOD & ALL !Y HAD 9 ! REVOLUTION>Y CAUSE4 

   

    
,BUT CONDITIONS 9 ! FACTORIES & MILLS ( ,PETROGRAD HAD BECOME UNBE>ABLE4  ,! WORK WAS H>D1 ! RATIONS 9SUFFICI5T1 & NO CLO?+ WAS BE+ ISSU$ TO PROTECT WORK]S AGA9/ ! T]RIBLE COLD WEA!R4 ,! RULE ( ! ,BOL%EVIKI WAS MO/ DRACONIC & ITS HEAVY H& WAS FELT MORE & MORE BY ! WORK]S4 ,BUT !Y KEPT QUIET1 WAIT+ = ! ,BOL%EVIKI TO MAKE !IR PROMISES GOOD4 ,A MORE LIB]AL RULE HAD BE5 SOLEMNLY PROMIS$ !M1 BETT] RATIONS & MORE HUMANE TREATM5T1 GREAT] LIB]TY & MORE EQUAL JU/ICE --- :5 CIVIL W> W\LD BE OV] & ! MILIT>Y FRONTS T]M9AT$4  

 ,N[ ! TIME HAD COME4 ,! SOLDI]S HAD RETURN$ FROM ALL FRONTS & MO/ ( !M HAD GONE TO WORK ON ! F>MS & 9 ! 9DU/RIES4 ,MORE SUPPLIES W]E AVAILABLE & BETT] MEANS ( TRANSPORTATION4 ,! WORK]S ( ,PETROGRAD1 :O HAD SUFF]$ MO/ ON ACC\NT ( W>1 REVOLUTION & CIVIL /RIFE1 W]E EAG]LY WAIT+ = ! ,BOL%EVIK ,GOV]NM5T TO MAKE GOOD ITS PROMISES4  

,!Y WAIT$ PATI5TLY1 A LONG TIME1 BUT 9 VA94 ,BOL%EVIKI 9EFFICI5CY & MISMANAGEM5T CONT9U$1 !IR 9DIFF]5CE TO ! C\NTRY'S SUFF]+ WAS UN*ANG$1 & ! REIGN ( T]ROR EV5 BECAME DAILY WORSE4 

,AT LA/ REALIZ+ ?AT LIFE C\LD NOT CONT9UE 9 ?AT SITUATION1 ?AT ! GOV]NM5T IS REMA9+ 9ACTIVE 9 ! MATT]1 ! WORK]S AT ,PETROGRAD DECID$ TO COME TOGE!R TO CONSULT AB\T !IR NE$S & MEANS ( ALLEVIAT+ ! HUNG] & DI/RESS4 ,!Y CALL$ A MEET+ = ?IS PURPOSE1 BUT ! ,GOV]NM5T ,PETROGRAD ) ,Z9OVIEV AT ITS HEAD1 PROMPTLY SUPPRESS$ ! MEET+4 ,NATURALLY ! WORK]S FELT \TRAG$ BY SU* UNJU/IFI$ & DESPOTIC ME?ODS4 ,MORE MEET+S W]E CALL$1 BUT !SE ALSO W]E =BIDD5 BY ! ,BOL%EVIKI4 ,! WORK]S BECAME \TSPOK5LY 9DIGNANT4 ,!Y *>G$ ?AT ! ,BOL%EVIKI W]E (F]+ MO/ UNREVOLUTION>Y CONCESSIONS TO ! CAPITALI/S ( ,EUROPE & ,AM]ICA & ?AT !Y W]E MAK+ ! WOR/ COMPROMISES ) !M1 BUT AT ! SAME TIME ! REFUS+ ! LEA/ RI<TS TO ! WORK]S ( ,RUSSIA4 ,FEEL+ AGA9/ ! ,COMMUNI/S GREW ?R\<\T ,RUSSIA & ESPECIALLY AMONG ! PROLET>IAT ( ,PETROGRAD1 ! MO/ 9TELLIG5T ELEM5T ( ! ,RUSSIAN MASSES4 

,COMMITTEES W]E S5T TO ,Z9OVIEV TO TALK MATT]S OV] & F9D SOME AMICABLE WAY ( COM+ TO UND]/&+4 ,?AT AUTOCRAT1 H[EV]1 REFUS$ EV5 TO ADMIT ! COMMITTEES TO HIS PRES5CE4 ,AT LA/1 TO COMPEL ! GOV]NM5T TO CONSID] !IR DEM&S1 ! WORK]S ( ,PETROGRAD CALL$ ! /RIKE4 ,! FIR/ TO LEAVE WORK W]E ! M5 ( ! ,PATRONNY MUNITION FACTORY1 & !Y W]E FOLL[$ BY ?OSE ( ! ,TRUBOT*NY & ,BALTIYSKY MILLS4 ,9/EAD ( GIV+ ! /RIK]S A HE>+1 ! ,PETROGRAD GOV]NM5T CREAT$ A SPECIAL 0,COMMITTEE ( ,DEF5SE0 TO SUPPRESS ! /RIKE MOVEM5T4    

,! COMMITTEE ( DEF5SE IMM$IATELY DECL>$ ! /RIK]S AS C\NT]-REVOLUTIONI/S1 LOCK$ !M \T ( ! FACTORIES & DEPRIV$ !M ( !IR RATIONS1 :I* MEANT />VATION = ! M5 & !IR FAMILIES4 ,/RIK]S' DEMON/RATIONS W]E DISP]S$ BY ! MILIT>Y1 >RE/S MULTIPLI$ DAILY1 & ! 5TIRE CITY WAS DECL>$ UND] M>TIAL LAW4 ,DEA?S AT ! H& ( ! ,T*EKA1 FROM HUNG] & COLD BECAME AN EV]Y DAY OCCURR5CE4  

,IT WAS !SE HAPP5+S 9 ,PETROGRAD ?AT >\SE ! SAILORS & SOLDI]S ( ,KRON/ADT4  ,!Y FELT SOME?+ WAS RADICALLY WRONG IF ! REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAT ( ,PETROGRAD C\LD RECEIVE SU* TREATM5T AT ! H&S ( ! ,BOL%EVIKI 4 ,BUT !Y REFUS$ TO TAKE SIDES 9 ! MATT] UNTIL !Y HAVE FIR/ 9VE/IGAT$ ! SITUATION4 ,IF ! WORK]S' DEM&S W]E UNJU/IFI$ OR EXCESSIVE1 ! SAILORS DECL>$1 ,KRON/ADT W\LD NOT GIVE !M ANY ASSI/ANCE4  

,A COMMITTEE ( ! SAILORS QUIETLY CAME TO ,PETROGRAD & 9VE/IGAT$ ! CLAIMS & DEM&S ( ! WORK]S4 ,! REPORT ( ! ,COMMITTEE WAS SUBMITT$ TO A PUBLIC MEET+ ( SAILORS1 SOLDI]S & WORK]S ( ,KRON/ADT1 HELD ON ! ,YAKORNY ,SQU>E ON ,M>* FIR/4 ,! MAS MEET+1 PRESID$ OV] BY ! ,*AIRMAN (  

  ,! ,KRON/ADT ,SOVIET1 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,VASSIL5KO1 PASS$  A RESOLUTION 9 FAVOR ( ! ,PETROGRAD /RIK]S & DEM&+ RADICAL RE=MS ( ! ABUSES ( ! ,COMMISS>S1 AS WELL AS ! GRANT+ ( GREAT] LIB]TIES BY ! ,BOL%EVIK GOV]NM5T4  

,PRESID5T ,KAL991 :O WAS PRES5T AT ! MEET+1 & ,COMMISS> ,KUZM91 HEAD ( ! ,BALTIC ,FLEET /ATION$ AT ,KRON/ADT D5\NC$ ! SAILORS & ,R$ ,>MY M5 AS C\NT]-REVOLUTIONI/S = DEM&+ FREE ELECTIONS = ! APPROA*+ CAMPAIGN TO SELECT A NEW DEPUTIES TO ! ,KRON/ADT ,SOVIET4  

,KRON/ADT APPO9T$ A ,COMMITTEE ( #c P]SONS TO CALL ON ,Z9OVIEV TO DISCUSS ! SITUATION4 ,?AT COMMITTEE WAS >RE/$ IMM$IATELY AFT] REA*+ ! CITY4 ,IT WAS ! FIR/ BL[ ! ,COMMUNI/ ,GOV]NM5T /RUCK AT ,KRON/ADT = D>+ TO EXPRESS ITS SYMPA?Y ) ! />V+ WORK]S ( ,PETROGRAD4  

,FROM ?AT MOM5T ON1 ! SITUATION DEVELOP$ ) RAPID /RIDES4 ,! ,PETROGRAD ,SOVIET1 ABSOLUTELY UND] ! CONTROL ( ,Z9OVIEV1 D5\NC$ ! ,KRON/ADT SAILORS & WORK]S AS C\NT]-REVOLUTIONI/S WORK+ 9 ! 9T]E/ ( ! ,CZ>'S G5]ALS4 ,! SAME DAY ,L59 & ,TROTSKY ISSU$ AN ULTIMATUM TO ,KRON/ADT TO 0SURR5D]01 & ,TROTSKY HAD A PROCLAMATION SPREAD OV] ,KRON/ADT BY A MILIT>Y FLY+ MA*9E1 ?REAT5+ TO 0 %OOT Y\ ALL LIKE P>TRIDGES04  

,KRON/ADT ASK$ ONLY JU/ICE = ! ,PETROGRAD /RIK]S & CORRECTION ( ! EVILS ( ,COMMISS>%IP4 ,!Y W]E AB\T TO ELECT A NEW ,SOVIET 9 !IR CITY1 & !Y 9SI/$ ON ! RI<T TO ACT )\T ,COMMUNI/ 9T]F]5CE4 ,! SAILORS & SOLDI]S ( ,KRON/ADT ISSU$ NUM]\S PROCLAMATIONS1 & PUBLI%$ A DAILY ,BULLET91 AFFIRM+ !IR DEVOTION TO ! ,SOVIET SY/EM1 !IR LOYALTY TO ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 & DECL>+ OV] & AGA9 ?AT !Y DEM&$ SOLELY !IR REVOLUTION>Y RI<TS AS PROLET>IANS4 ,REPEAT$LY !Y CALL$ UPON ! ,BOL%EVIKI TO SETTLE ! DISPUTE 9 A BRO!RLY1 AMICABLE MANN]1 V[+ ?AT ,REVOLUTION & ITS CAUSE >E SACR$ TO !M & PROCLAIM+ TO ! :OLE C\NTRY1 0,WE WANT NO BLOOD%$06 

,TRAGIC WAS ! FAI? ( ,KRON/ADT 9 ! REVOLUTION>Y 9TEGRITY ( !IR ,COMMUNI/ RUL]S4 ,& :ILE ,KRON/ADT WAS FIRM 9 ITS 9T5TION TO P]SUADE ! ,BOL%EVIKI ( ITS LOYALTY & DEVOTION TO ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 ! LATT] ORD]$ A SECRET ATTACK AT NI<T UPON ! UNSUSPECT+ CITY ( ,KRON/ADT4  

,! ATTACK WAS M>%AL$ BY ,TROTSKY1 ) ! EXP]T AID ( ! MILIT>Y ,COMMISS> ,TUKHAT*EVSKY1 A =M] ,CZ>I/ ,G5]AL4 ,T*EKI/ DIVISIONS1 WE>+ :ITE %R\DS TO BL5D ) ! SN[-COV]$ ,NEVA ,RIV] & ! REMA9+ UNSE5 9 ! D>KNESS ( ! NI<T1 ATTACK$ ,KRON/ADT SIMULTANE\SLY FROM ?REE SIDES & F9ALLY BROKE ?R\< ! GATES ( ! CITY4  ,PICK$ ,COMMUNI/ TROOPS CONT9U$ ! SLAU<T] ON ! /REETS1 SP>+ NEI!R MAN NOR *ILD4  ,F\RTE5 ?\S& LIVES W]E SACRIFIC$ 9 ?AT 9T]NEC9E /RIFE4 ,= DAYS & NI<TS ! NE>-BY ,PETROGRAD WOODS RANG ) ! ,T*EKI/ 0 PRACTICE %OOT+03 IT WAS ! ,KRON/ADT SURVIVORS BE+ EXECUT$ = ! GREAT] GLORY ( ! ,COMMUNI/ DICTATORS4  

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,! ,KRON/ADT MOVEM5T WAS SPONTANE\S1 UNPREP>$ & PEACEFUL4 ,?AT IT BECAME AN >M$ CONFLICT1 5D+ 9 A MO/ BLOODY TRAG$Y1 WAS 5TIRELY DUE TO ,BOL%EVIK DESPOTISM4  

 ,! ,KRON/ADT EXP]I5CE1 LIKE ! ,P>IS COMMUNE1 AGA9 PROVES ?AT GOV]NM5T--:ATEV] ITS NAME OR CLAIMS--IS ALWAYS ! MORTAL 5EMY ( LIB]TY & JU/ICE TO ! MASSES4 ,! /ATE HAS NO S\L & PR9CIPLES4 ,IT HAS BUT ONE AIM3 TO SECURE P[] & TO HOLD IT1 AT ANY CO/4 

,KRON/ADT REPEAT$ ! FATAL ]RORS ( ! ,P>IS ,COMMUN>DS4 ,! LATT] DID NOT FOLL[ ! ADVICE ( ! MORE F>-SEE+ & CLE>HEAD$ REVOLUTIONI/S :O DEM&$ ! IMM$IATE ATTACK ON ,V]SAILLES :ILE ! ,GOV]NM5T ( ,?I]S WAS DISORGANIZ$4 ,!Y WA/$ VALUABLE TIME & !Y DID NOT C>RY ! REVOLUTION 9TO ! C\NTRY1 TO EV]Y NOOK & CORN]4 ,NEI!R ! ,P>IS WORK]S ( #ahga NOR ! ,KRON/ADT SAILORS HAD SET \T TO ABOLI% ! GOV]NM5T4 ,! ,COMMUN>DS WANT$ M]ELY C]TA9 REPUBLICAN LIB]TIES & !Y BELIEV$ ?AT A DEF5SIVE ATTITUDE IS SUFFICI5T PROTECTION AGA9/ ! 5EMY4 ,!Y FAIL$ TO ASSUME ! AGGRESSIVE & ?AT PROV$ !IR UNDO+  

,KRON/ADT ALSO DEM&$ ONLY SOME RE=MS4 ,! SAILORS REFUSE TO TAKE ! AGGRESSIVE EV5 AFT] IT HAD BECOME CLE> ?AT ! ,BOL%EVIKI W]E PREP>+ TO ANNIHILATE !M4 ,!Y REMA9$ ON ! DEF5SIVE & ?US LO/ ! PSY*OLOGIC MOM5T = VICTORY4 ,! :OLE ( ,RUSSIA WAS BITT]LY ANTAGONI/IC TO ! ,BOL%EVIK TYRANNY & PASSIONATELY 9 SYMPA?Y ) ,KRON/ADT4 ,BUT ! LATT] TALK$ 0PEACE & UND]/&+ 01 :ILE ! ,COMMUNI/ ,GOV]NM5T WAS M>%AL+ >TILL]Y AGA9/ IT4 ,9 ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE1 AS 9 ,KRON/ADT1 ! T5D5CY T[>D PASSIVE1 DEF5SIVE TACTICS & LACK ( REVOLUTION>Y CLE>-SI<T$NESS PROV$ FATAL4  

,! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE & ,KRON/ADT FELL4 ,BUT !Y FELL VICTORI\S 9 !IR IDEALISM & MORAL PURITY1 ! G5]OSITY & HI<] HUMANITY4 ,! FUTURE IS !IRS4 

,JU/ AS ! ,P>IS COMMUNE1 ,KRON/ADT IS ( UTMO/ HI/ORIC SIGNIFICANCE4 ,IT S\ND$ ! DEA? KNELL ( ,BOL%EVISM4 ,IT PROV$ TO ! 5TIRE WORLD ?AT ! ,COMMUNI/ DICTATOR%IP & ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION >E OPPOSITES1 MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE4 ,KRON/ADT WAS ! FIR/ POPUL> ATTEMPT AT LIB]ATION FROM ! TYRANNY ( ,/ATE ,SOCIALISM4 ,IT WAS ! FIR/ /EP T[>D ! ,?IRD ,REVOLUTION :I* IS 9EVITABLE 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,MAY ! ,9T]NATIONAL PROLET>IAT TAKE TO HE>T ! LESSONS ( ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE & ( ! ,KRON/ADT REBELLION TO BR+ TO HUMANITY REAL LIB]TY & WELL-BE+ & LA/+ PEACE TO MAN4  

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #d1 #bag 3 ,! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE & ,KRON/ADT -- ,ADD$4 
,DECEMB] #c1 #bba 3 ,! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE & ,KRON/ADT -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
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