,! ,PA?S ( 0,PROLET>IAN0 ,P[] 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,NE/OR ,MAKHNO 

,TEXT 3 

,IT IS A LONG TIME N[ S9CE ! AVANT-G>DE SOCIALI/ 9TELLIG5TSIA FRAM$1 9 MORE OR LESS R\ND$ =M1 ! AIMS ( ! HI/ORICAL /RUGGLE ( ! PROLET>IAT AGA9/ ! B\RGEOISIE & S9CE PROLET>IANS1 SWALL[+ ?AT =MULATION BY ! 9TELLIG5TSIA :OLE1 5T]$ ! LI/S ( ?AT /RUGGLE UND] ! 9TELLIG5TSIA'S LEAD]%IP4 ,!RE IS NO D5Y+ ?AT ?IS WAS A TRIUMPH = ! 9TELLIG5TSIA :I* HAS ?US SET ITSELF ! T>GET ( LEAD+ ! PROLET>IAT ON TO COMPLETE EMANCIPATION1 BY MEANS ( ! DE/RUCTION ( B\RGEOIS P[] & ! B\RGEOIS ,/ATE1 :I* >E TO BE SUPPLANT$ BY A 0PROLET>IAN0 ,/ATE & P[]4 

,V]Y NATURALLY1 NEI!R ! 9TELLIG5TSIA NOR ! PROLET>IAT ITSELF HAS BE5 /9T+ 9 ITS EF=TS & 9VE/IGATIONS DESIGN$ TO EXPOSE TO ! WIDE/ POSSIBLE AUDI5CE ALL ! H>M DONE BY ! B\RGEOIS ,/ATE4 ,?ANKS TO :I*1 !Y HAVE BE5 ABLE TO NURSE & DEVELOP AMONG ! TOIL+ MASSES ! NOTION ( A 0PROLET>IAN0 P[] ?AT W\LD SUPPOS$LY RESOLVE ALL !IR PROBLEMS4 ,ACCORD+ TO ?IS VIEW1 ! PROLET>IAT1 ?R\< ITS CLASS P[] & ,/ATE1 W\LD MAKE USE ( ! ONLY EXI/+ MEANS :]EBY IT & O!R CLASSES MI<T FREE !MSELVES ( ! B\RGEOISIE & 9TRODUCE ! PR9CIPLES ( FRE$OM & EGALIT>IANISM 9TO ! RELATIONS BETWE5 PEOPLE4 ,SU* A =ECA/ ( ! DE/9Y ( 0PROLET>IAN0 P[] HAS ALWAYS /RUCK US AN>*I/S AS A CRASS ]ROR4 ,9 TIMES GONE BY1 \R COMRADES CON/ANTLY REVOLT$ AGA9/ ?IS NOTION & ALSO DEMON/RAT$ :]E ! /ATI/S HAD GONE WRONG 9 DIFF]5TIAT+ BETWE5 0PROLET>IAN0 P[] & ! ,/ATE 9 G5]AL & 9 ASCRIB+ TO ! =M] A MISSION ?AT WAS PR(\NDLY ALI5 TO IT4 

,/ATI/ SOCIALI/S1 H[EV]1 REMA9$ TRUE TO !IR AU?ORIT>IAN TRADITION & IT WAS >M$ ) ?AT \TLOOK ?AT !Y SEIZ$ UPON ! ,GREAT ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION1 A REVOLUTION ( A DEP? & BREAD? 9 SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS = :I* ,HI/ORY HAD SE5 NO EQUAL4 ,AS = US AN>*I/S1 WE OPPOS$ !IR MI/AK5 =ECA/ AB\T ! DE/9Y ( 0PROLET>IAN0 P[]4 ,9 ! C\RSE ( ! POLEMIC BETWE5 US1 WE %[$ ! /ATI/S ?AT ANY ,/ATE1 :E!R B\RGEOIS OR PROLET>IAN1 T5DS1 BY ITS V]Y NATURE1 SIMPLY TO EXPLOIT & OPPRESS MAN1 TO DE/ROY 9 EA* & EV]Y ONE ( US ALL ! NATURAL QUALITIES ( ! HUMAN SPIRIT ?AT /RIVE = EQUALITY & = ! SOLID>ITY ?AT UND]P9S IT4 ,:I* E>N$ US ONLY GREAT] HATR$ FROM ! /ATI/ SOCIALI/S4 ,N[1 ! EXI/5CE & PRACTICE ( 0PROLET>IAN0 P[] 9 ,RUSSIA HAVE BORNE \T & BE> \T ! ACCURACY ( \R ANALYSIS4 ,! ''PROLET>IAN0 ,/ATE HAS 9CREAS+LY BETRAY$ ITS TRUE NATURE & PROV$ ?AT ITS PROLET>IAN-NESS WAS A M]E FIGM5T1 AS PROLET>IANS HAVE BE5 ABLE TO APPRECIATE S9CE ! E>LY YE>S ( ! REVOLUTION1 ! MORE SO S9CE !Y !MSELVES HELP$ 9/ALL IT4 ,! FACT ?AT 9 ! C\RSE ( ITS DEG5]ATION ! 0PROLET>IAN0 P[] HAS %[$ ITSELF TO BE NO?+ MORE ?AN A ,/ATE P[] PURE & SIMPLE IS N[ BEYOND DISPUTE & HAS 9DUC$ IT TO DESI/ FROM >TFUL CONCEALM5T ( ITS REAL FACE4 ,ITS PRACTICE HAD ABUNDANTLY PROV$ ?AT ITS GOALS & ?OSE ( ! ,GREAT ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION HAD ABSOLUTELY NO?+ 9 COMMON4 ,OV] ALL ?OSE YE>S ( HYPOCRISY1 IT HAS FAIL$ TO SUBORD9ATE ! AIMS ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION TO ITS [N 5DS PEACEABLY1 & HAS HAD TO CONFRONT ALL :O ?REAT5$ TO EXPOSE ITS TRUE ESS5CE - AS A HUGE & FE/]+ ULC] UPON ! BODY ( ! REVOLUTION - ! C[>DICE & TREA*]Y ( :I* SPELL DEA? & RU9ATION TO ALL )\T EXCEPTION1 & PRIM>ILY TO ?OSE :O TRY TO BE 9DEP5D5T & OP]ATE FREELY4 ,ONE MI<T ASK ONESELF3 H[ DID ALL ( ?IS COME TO PASS8 ,ACCORD+ TO ,M>X & ,L591 0PROLET>IAN0 P[] \<T NOT TO BE> ANY RESEMBLANCE AT ALL TO B\RGEOIS P[]4 ,DOES NOT SOME SEGM5T ( ! VANGU>D ( ! PROLET>IAT BE> A %>E ( ! BLAME = ?IS /ATE ( AFFAIRS8 

,MANY AN>*I/S T5D TO RECKON ?AT ! PROLET>IAT C\NTS = NO?+ 9 ?IS1 HAV+ BE51 SO TO SPEAK1 DUP$ BY ! CA/E ( SOCIALI/ 9TELLECTUALS1 :O SUPPOS$LY ASPIRE1 OV] A S]IES ( PURELY 
SOCIO-HI/ORICAL PH5OM5A & BY REASON ( ! LOGIC ( 9EVITABLE AM5DM5TS TO ! ,/ATE1 TO REPLACE ! P[] ( ! B\RGEOISIE ) !IR [N P[]4 ,IT IS SUPPOS$LY ON !SE GR\NDS ?AT ! SOCIALI/ 9TELLIG5TSIA W\LD SEEK1 ON A P]MAN5T BASIS1 TO DIRECT ! /RUGGLE ( ! PROLET>IAT AGA9/ ! CAPITALI/1 B\RGEOIS WORLD4 

,AS ,I SEE IT1 SU* AN >GUM5T IS NEI!R QUITE ACCURATE NOR IS IT REALLY ADEQUATE4 ,RUSSIA'S REVOLUTION>Y EXP]I5CE SUPPLIES US ) OBJECTIVE DATA GALORE 9 ?IS CONNECTION4 ,IT %[S US BEYOND REBUTTAL ?AT ! PROLET>IAT WAS NOT AT ALL HOMOG5E\S DUR+ ! REVOLUTION4 ,?US1 ! URBAN PROLET>IAT1 :5EV] IT P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! OV]?R[ ( ! P[] ( ! CLASS 5EMY - ! B\RGEOISIE - 9 MANY T[NS1 HESITAT$ = A MOM5T BETWE5 ! PA?S ( ! REVOLUTIONS ( ,FEBRU>Y & ,OCTOB] #a#i#a#g4 ,IT WAS ONLY AFT] A TIME1 AFT] ,OCTOB]'S MILIT>Y VICTORY OV] ,FEBRU>Y1 ?AT A SIGNIFICANT FRACTION ( ! URBAN PROLET>IAT BEGAN TO ?R[ 9 ITS LOT ) ! P>T ( ITS BRO!RS1 ! DIRECT >*ITECTS ( ! GA9S ( ,OCTOB]4 ,SOON1 ?AT SEGM5T ( ! PROLET>IAT NOT ONLY =GOT TO DEF5D ?OSE GA9S = ITSELF1 BUT ALSO WAS 9 MORE ( A HURRY TO GO OV] TO ! ,BOL%EVIK P>TY ON P[]1 :I* WAS CUTE 5\< TO FLATT] IT IMMOD]ATELY1 CULTIVAT+ 9 IT A C]TA9 TA/E = CLASS PRIVILEGES1 POLITICAL1 ECONOMIC & JURIDICAL4 ,DR9K+ DEEPLY ( !SE CLASS PRIVILEGES1 ?IS SEGM5T ( ! PROLET>IAT FELL EQUALLY 9 LOVE ) ITS 0PROLET>IAN CLASS ,/ATE40 ,SELF-EVID5TLY1 ! ,BOL%EVIK SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC P>TY :OLLY SUPPORT$ & 5C\RAG$ IT 9 ?IS TR5D1 = IT (F]$ ! P>TY GREAT SCOPE = IMPLEM5TATION ( ITS [N PROGRAM1 :I* CONSI/$ ( UTILIZ+ ! PRACTICAL /RUGGLE ( ! PROLET>IAT SO AS TO BR+ ! BULK ( ! PROLET>IAT TO HEEL & !N TAKE OV] ,/ATE P[] 9 ITS NAME4 ,ALONG ! WAY1 ! BETT] TO /& \T FROM ! CR[D1 ! ,BOL%EVIK SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC P>TY TURN$ ITSELF 9TO ! 0,BOL%EVIK ,COMMUNI/0 P>TY1 UNA%AM$LY RESORT+ TO ! MO/ BRAZ5 DEMAGOGY & %R9K+ FROM NO PLOY1 NOT HESITAT+1 AS ! NE$ >OSE1 TO CANNIBALIZE ! PROGRAMS ( O!R POLITICAL GR\P+S3 ALL = ! SOLE PURPOSE ( B9D+ ! PROLET>IAT 7TO :I* IT PL$G$ ITS UN/9T+ HELP1 :5 9 FACT IT WAS PURSU+ ITS [N 5DS ALONE7 ALL ! BETT] TO ITSELF4 ,9 ?IS S5SE1 ! P>TY WAS ! F9E/ EMBODIM5T ( ! HI/ORICAL AMBITIONS ( ! 9TELLECTUAL CA/E3 SUPPLANT+ ! B\RGEOISIE 9 P[] & EX]CIS+ ?AT P[]1 NO MATT] ! CO/4 ,A SIZABLE SEGM5T ( ! PROLET>IAT FAIL$ TO /& UP TO ITS VIEWS3 9DE$1 QUITE ! OPPOSITE1 IT ID5TIFI$ ) :AT IT DID & BECAME ITS ACCOMPLICE4 

,?AT SEGM5T ( ! PROLET>IAT HAD1 H[EV]1 BE5 $UCAT$ OV] G5]ATIONS TO ! NOTION ?AT ! PROLET>IAT W\LD ONLY EMANCIPATE ITSELF FROM ! B\RGEOISIE :5 IT MANAG$ TO BREAK ITS P[] & DE/ROY ITS /ATE ORGANIZATION 9 ORD] TO CLE> ! WAY = ! CON/RUCTION ( ITS [N4 ,NEV]!LESS1 ?IS FRACTION ( ! PROLET>IAT HELP$ ! ,BOL%EVIK-,COMMUNI/ P>TY TO ORGANIZE ITS 0PROLET>IAN P[]0 & ]ECT 0ITS0 CLASS ,/ATE4 

,! PA? TAK5 & ! MEANS EMPLOY$ DID NOT TAKE LONG TO ASSIMILATE ?AT FRACTION ( ! PROLET>IAT 9 EV]Y P>TICUL> TO ! OV]?R[N B\RGEOISIE1 R5D]+ IT EV]Y :IT AS IMPUD5T & >ROGANT1 ) NO SCRUPLES AB\T US+ ! MO/ SAVAGE VIOL5CE TO 5=CE ITS DOM9ATION OV] ! PEOPLE & ! REVOLUTION4 

,IT GOES )\T SAY+ ?AT ?IS VIOL5CE WAS SECOND NATURE TO ! P>TY'S 9TELLECTUAL CA/E1 = IT HAD BE5 S*OOL+ ITSELF 9 ITS USE = MANY A LONG YE> & HAD BECOME 9TOXICAT$ ) IT4 ,AS = ! BULK ( ! PROLET>IAT - YE/]DAY'S MUTE SLAVE - ! VIOL5CE DEPLOY$ AGA9/ ITS FELL[S IS :OLLY ALI5 TO IT4 ,BUSY ) ! BUILD+ ( ITS 0CLASS ,/ATE10 P>T ( ! PROLET>IAT WAS ?US 9DUC$ TO BEHAVE1 ?R\< ! USE ( VIOL5CE1 9 A REPUGNANT FA%ION ) REG>D TO ! 9DIVIDUAL LIB]TY1 FRE$OM ( SPEE* & EXPRESSION ( ANY REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZATION1 ! MOM5T ?AT ! LATT] IMPUD5TLY TOOK ISSUE ) 0PROLET>IAN P[]40 ,?AT FRACTION ( ! PROLET>IAT SCURRI$ TO 5SCONCE !MSELVES1 UND] ! LEAD]%IP ( ! ,BOL%EVIK-,COMMUNI/ P>TY1 9 ! POSITIONS LEFT VACANT BY ! DESPOTS ( ! TOPPL$ B\RGEOISIE1 BECOM+ 9 !IR TURN A TYRANNICAL MA/]-CLASS1 %[+ NO HESITATION1 9 PURSUIT ( !SE 5DS1 AB\T US+ ! <A/LIE/ VIOL5CE 9DISCRIM9ATELY AGA9/ ALL :O OPPOS$ ITS DESIGNS4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 ?IS BEHAVIOR WAS >TFULLY CONCEAL$ BEH9D ! 0DEF5SE ( ! REVOLUTION40 

,SU* VIOL5CE WAS EMPLOY$ ABOVE ALL AGA9/ ! BODY ( ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION1 = ! EXCLUSIVE B5EFIT ( ! N>R[ 9T]E/S ( ONE FRACTION ( ! PROLET>IAT & ( ! ,BOL%EVIK-,COMMUNI/ P>TY1 & ON BEHALF ( !IR COMPLETE DOM9ATION ( ALL ! O!R LABOR+ CLASSES4 ,?IS CANNOT BE REG>D$ SIMPLY AS ! PROLET>IAT BL[N TEMPOR>ILY (F C\RSE4 ,YET AGA91 WE CAN SEE V]Y CLE>LY H[ ALL ,/ATE P[] BRAZ5LY %[S :AT IT IS MADE (1 ) ! ADJECTIVE 0PROLET>IAN0 *ANG+ ABSOLUTELY NO?+4 

,AS ,I SEE IT1 IT IS = ALL !SE REASONS ?AT ALL =EIGN COMRADES :O HAVE NOT HAD ?IS FIR/-H& EXP]I5CE1 %\LD C>EFULLY SCRUT9IZE ALL ! /AGES ( ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION1 P>TICUL>LY ! ROLE PLAY$ 9 IT BY ! ,BOL%EVIK-,COMMUNI/ P>TY & BY ?AT FRACTION ( ! PROLET>IAT ?AT HAS FOLL[$ IT4 ,?IS SO ?AT !Y MAY /E] CLE> ( ! SAME ]RORS1 9 ! LI<T ( ! %AMELESS DEMAGOGY ( ! ,BOL%EVIKS & !IR SUPPORT]S1 REG>D+ ! S]VICEABILITY ( 0PROLET>IAN P[]40 

,IT IS EQUALLY TRUE ?AT ! CAMPAIGN CURR5TLY BE+ WAG$ BY ALL \R COMRADES AGA9/ ,BOL%EVIK LIES %\LD BE DEPLOY$ 9 SUPPORT ( RELIABLE 9=MATION CONC]N+ ANY?+ !Y MI<T !MSELVES PUT TO ! BROAD MASSES 9 REPLACEM5T ( ?IS 0PROLET>IAN P[]40 ,F9E SLOGANS >E NOT 5\<1 AL?\< ! MASSES >E (T5 NOT 9DIFF]5T TO !M4 ,?IS /RUGGLE IS WAG$ ON ! BASIS ( CONCRETE SITUATIONS & CONT9UALLY LEADS TO ! POS+ ( CRUCIAL & URG5T QUE/IONS3 H[ & BY :I* ME?ODS ( SOCIAL ACTION %\LD ! TOIL+ MASSES SEEK !IR COMPLETE EMANCIPATION8 

,SU* QUE/IONS %\LD BE ANSW]$ AS DIRECTLY AS POSSIBLE & ) ! UTMO/ CL>ITY4 ,?AT IS A VITAL NECESSITY1 NOT ONLY IF AN ACTIVE /RUGGLE IS TO BE CONDUCT$ AGA9/ ! CAPITALI/ & B\RGEOIS WORLD1 BUT ALSO = \R AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 = ! 9FLU5CE ( \R IDEAS UPON ! LAUN* & ! \TCOME ( ?AT /RUGGLE H+ES UPON IT4 ,:I* MEANS ?AT ! PROLET>IAT MU/ NOT REPEAT ! MI/AKE MADE BY ITS BRE?R5 9 ,RUSSIA1 :I* IS TO SAY1 MU/ NOT BUSY ITSELF ) ! ORGANIZ+ ( A 0PROLET>IAN P[]0 UND] ! BATON ( ANY P>TY1 EV5 %\LD IT LABEL ITSELF 0PROLET>IAN10 BUT ONLY ) SEE+ TO ! SATISFACTION ( EV]YONE'S NE$S & DEF5D+ ! REVOLUTION AGA9/ ALL MANN] ( ,/ATE AU?ORITIES4 

7,S\RCE3 ,PROBUZD5IYE1 ,NO4 #a#h1 ,JANU>Y #a#i#c#b1 PP4 #d#e-#d#h4  ,TEXT FROM 0,! ,/RUGGLE ,AGA9/ ! ,/ATE & O!R ESSAYS0 BY ,NE/OR ,MAKHNO1 $IT$ BY ,ALEX&RE ,SIRDA1 TRANSLAT$ BY ,PAUL ,%>KEY1 PUBLI%$ BY ,A,K ,PRESS47 

,FROM 3 ,NE/OR,MAKHNO49FO4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #b#i1 #bba 3 ,! ,PA?S ( 0,PROLET>IAN0 ,P[] -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #i1 #bbb 3 ,! ,PA?S ( 0,PROLET>IAN0 ,P[] -- ,UPDAT$4 

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