,P>T #a - ,*APT] #b 
,MEET+ ,) ,COMRADES ,& ,FIR/ ,ATTEMPTS ,TO ,ORGANIZE ,REVOLUTION>Y ,ACTIVITIES 

#aibfaibf 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,NE/OR ,MAKHNO 

,TEXT 3 

,UPON >RIVAL 9 ,GULYAI-,POLE1 ,I IMM$IATELY GOT TOGE!R ) MY COMRADES FROM ! AN>*I/ GR\P4 ,MANY ( MY =M] COMRADES HAD P]I%$4 ,?OSE :O SURVIV$ FROM ! OLD DAYS W]E3 ,&REI ,SEM5YUTA 7! BRO!R ( ,SA%A & ,PROK(II ,SEM5YUTA71 ,MOISEI ,KAL9I*5KO1 ,FILIPP ,KRAT1 ,SAVVA ,MAKHNO1 ! BRO!RS ,PROK(II & ,GRIGORII ,%>OVSKY1 ,PAVEL ,KORO/ELEV1 ,LEV ,S*NEID]1 ,PAVEL ,SOKRUTA1 ,ISIDOR ,LIUTII1 ,ALEKSEI ,M>*5KO1 & ,PAVEL ,KHUNDEI 7,KORO/ILEV74 ,TOGE!R ) !SE COMRADES CAME A Y\NG] BUN* :O HAD NOT YET JO9$ ! GR\P 9 MY TIME4 ,BUT N[ !Y HAD BE5 MEMB]S = TWO OR ?REE YE>S & W]E BUSY READ+ AN>*I/ LIT]ATURE :I* !Y DI/RIBUT$ TO ! PEASANTS4 ,?R\<\T ! :OLE P]IOD ( UND]GR\ND ACTIVITY ! GR\P HAD CONT9U$ TO PUBLI% LEAFLETS1 PR9T$ BY HECTOGRAPH4 

,& H[ AB\T ! PEASANTS & WORK]S1 SYMPA?IZ+ ) AN>*I/ IDEALS1 :O CAME TO VISIT ME8 ,IT W\LD BE IMPOSSIBLE TO LI/ !M4 ,AT ?AT TIME !Y REALLY DIDN'T FIGURE 9 ! PLANS ,I WAS DEVIS+ = ! FUTURE WORK ( \R GR\P4 

,I SAW BE=E ME MY [N PEASANT FRI5DS -- UNKN[N REVOLUTION>Y AN>*I/ FI<T]S :O 9 !IR [N LIVES DIDN'T KN[ :AT IT MEANS TO *EAT ONE ANO!R4 ,!Y W]E PURE PEASANT TYPES1 T\< TO CONV9CE1 BUT ONCE CONV9C$1 ONCE !Y HAD GRASP$ AN IDEA & TE/$ IT AGA9/ !IR [N REASON+1 :Y !N !Y PU%$ ?AT IDEA AT EV]Y CONCEIVABLE OPPORTUNITY4 ,TRULY1 SEE+ !SE PEOPLE BE=E ME ,I TREMBL$ ) JOY & WAS OV]COME ) EMOTION4 ,I IMM$IATELY DECID$ TO />T ! V]Y NEXT DAY TO C>RY \T ACTIVE PROPAG&A AMONG ! PEASANTS & WORK]S ( ,GULYAI-,POLE4 ,I WANT$ TO DISSOLVE ! ,PUBLIC ,COMMITTEE 7! LOCAL ORGAN ( ! ,PROVISIONAL ,GOV]NM5T7 & ! MILITIA1 & PREV5T ! =MATION ( ANY MORE COMMITTEES4 ,I DECID$ TO TAKE UP AN>*I/ ACTION AS ! FIR/ ORD] ( BUS9ESS4 

,! VISITS FROM ! PEASANTS1 BO? M5 & WOM51 W5T ON CONT9UALLY = A DAY & A HALF4 ,F9ALLY1 ON ,M>* #b#e1 !SE VISITORS1 :O HAD COME TO MEET 0! ONE :O ROSE FROM ! DEAD0 AS !Y EXPRESS$ IT1 BEGAN TO DISP]SE4 ,! MEMB]S ( \R GR\P HA/ILY SET UP A MEET+ TO DISCUSS PRACTICAL AFFAIRS4 ,BY ?IS TIME MY 5?USIASM = RU%+ 9TO ACTION HAD COOL$ (F CONSID]ABLY4 ,9 MY REPORT ,I D[N PLAY$ = ! TIME BE+ ! C>RY+ ON ( PROPAG&A WORK AMONG ! PEASANTS & WORK]S & ! OV]?R[ ( ! ,PUBLIC ,COMMITTEE4 ,9DE$ ,I SURPRIS$ MY COMRADES BY 9SI/+ ?AT WE AS A GR\P REA* A CLE> UND]/&+ ( ! /ATE ( ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T G5]ALLY 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,! FRAGM5TATION ( AN>*I/ GR\PS1 A PH5OM5ON WELL-KN[N TO ME BE=E ! ,REVOLUTION1 WAS A S\RCE ( DISSATISFACTION = ME P]SONALLY4 ,I C\LD NEV] BE HAPPY ) SU* A SITUATION4  
  

0,IT IS NECESS>Y10 ,I SAID1 0TO ORGANIZE ! =CES ( ! WORK]S ON A SCALE :I* CAN ADEQUATELY EXPRESS ! REVOLUTION>Y 5?USIASM ( ! LABOR+ MASSES :5 ! ,REVOLUTION IS GO+ ?R\< ITS DE/RUCTIVE PHASE4 ,& IF ! AN>*I/S CONT9UE TO ACT 9 AN UNCOORD9AT$ WAY1 ONE ( TWO ?+S WILL HAPP53 EI!R !Y WILL LOSE T\* ) EV5TS & RE/RICT !MSELVES TO SECT>IAN PROPAG&A2 OR !Y WILL TRAIL ALONG 9 ! TAIL-5D ( !SE EV5TS1 C>RY+ \T TASKS = ! B5EFIT ( !IR POLITICAL 5EMIES4 

,H]E 9 ,GULYAI-,POLE & ! SURR\ND+ REGION WE %\LD ACT DECISIVELY TO DISSOLVE GOV]NM5T 9/ITUTIONS & ABSOLUTELY PUT AN 5D TO PRIVATE PROP]TY 9 L&1 FACTORIES1 PLANTS1 & O!R TYPES ( 5T]PRISES4 ,TO ACCOMPLI% ?IS WE MU/ KEEP 9 CLOSE CONTACT ) ! PEASANT MASSES1 ASSUR+ \RSELVES ( ! /EADFA/NESS ( !IR REVOLUTION>Y 5?USIASM4 ,WE MU/ CONV9CE ! PEASANTS WE >E FI<T+ = !M & >E UNSW]V+LY DEVOT$ TO ?OSE CONCEPTS :I* WE WILL PRES5T TO !M AT ! VILLAGE ASSEMBLIES & O!R MEET+S4 ,& :ILE ?IS IS GO+ ON WE MU/ KEEP AN EYE ( :AT IS HAPP5+ ) \R MOVEM5T 9 ! CITIES4 

,?IS1 COMRADES1 IS ONE ( ?OSE TACTICAL QUE/IONS :I* WE %ALL DECIDE TOMORR[4 ,IT SEEMS TO ME IT DES]VES TO BE ?OR\<LY DISCUSS$ BECAUSE ! TYPE ( ACTION TO BE 5GAG$ 9 BY \R GR\P DEP5DS ON ! CORRECT RESOLUTION ( ?IS QUE/ION4 

,= US1 NATIVES ( ,GULYAI-,POLE1 ?IS PLAN ( ACTION IS ALL ! MORE IMPORTANT AS WE >E ! ONLY GR\P ( AN>*O-COMMUNI/S :I* HAS KEPT 9 T\* ) ! PEASANTS CONT9U\SLY OV] ! LA/ #aa YE>S4 ,WE KN[ ( NO O!R GR\PS 9 ! VIC9ITY4 ,9 ! CLOSE/ CITIES1 ,ALEKS&ROVSK & ,EKAT]9OSLAV1 ! =M] AN>*I/ GR\PS W]E VIRTUALLY WIP$ \T4 ,! FEW SURVIVORS >E F> AWAY4 ,SOME ( ! ,EKAT]9OSLAV AN>*I/S /AY$ 9 ,MOSC[4 ,WE DON'T KN[ :5 !Y WILL RETURN4 ,& WE /ILL HAV5'T HE>D ANY?+ AB\T ?OSE :O EMIGRAT$ TO ,SW$51 ,FRANCE1 OR ,AM]ICA4 

,AT ! PRES5T TIME WE CAN DEP5D ONLY ON \RSELVES4 ,NO MATT] H[ WEAK WE >E 9 \R KN[L$GE ( ! !ORY ( AN>*ISM1 WE >E COMPELL$ TO WORK \T AN IMM$IATE PLAN ( ACTION TO BE UND]TAK5 AMONG ! PEASANTS ( ?IS REGION4 ,)\T ANY HESITATION WE MU/ BEG9 WORK ON ORGANIZ+ ! ,PEASANTS' ,UNION4 ,& WE MU/ SEE TO IT ?AT ONE ( ! PEASANTS FROM \R GR\P IS AT ! HEAD ( ?IS ,UNION4 ,?IS IS IMPORTANT = TWO REASONS3 FIR/1 WE CAN PREV5T ANY POLITICAL GR\P HO/ILE TO \R IDEALS FROM 9FILTRAT+ ! ,UNION2 & SECONDLY1 BY BE+ ABLE TO ADDRESS MEET+S ( ! ,UNION AT ANY TIME ON CURR5T ISSUES1 WE %ALL BE CREAT+ A CLOSE BOND BETWE5 \R GR\P & ! ,PEASANTS' ,UNION4 ,?IS WILL GIVE ! PEASANTS A *ANCE TO DEAL ) ! L& QUE/ION !MSELVES4 ,!Y CAN GO AHEAD & DECL>E ! L& PUBLIC PROP]TY )\T WAIT+ = ! 0REVOLUTION>Y0 GOV]NM5T TO DECIDE ?IS QUE/ION :I* IS SO CRUCIAL = ! PEASANTS40  
  

,! COMRADES W]E PLEAS$ ) MY REPORT BUT W]E F> FROM AGREE+ ) MY APPROA* TO ! :OLE MATT]4 ,COMRADE ,KAL9I*5KO %>PLY CRITICIZ$ ?IS APPROA*1 ADVOCAT+ ?AT \R ROLE AS AN>*I/S 9 ! CURR5T REVOLUTION %\LD BE RE/RICT$ TO PUBLICIZ+ \R IDEAS4 ,HE NOT$ ?AT S9CE WE C\LD N[ ACT OP5LY1 WE %\LD MAKE USE ( ?IS SITUATION TO EXPLA9 \R IDEAS TO ! WORK]S1 )\T 9VOLV+ \RSELVES 9 UNIONS OR O!R ORGANIZATIONS4  
  

0,?IS WILL %[ ! PEASANTS10 HE SAID1 0?AT WE >E NOT 9T]E/$ 9 DOM9AT+ !M BUT ONLY 9 GIV+ !M ADVICE4 ,!N !Y WILL LOOK S]I\SLY AT \R IDEAS &1 EMBRAC+ \R ME?ODS1 !Y WILL 9DEP5D5TLY BEG9 TO BUILD A NEW LIFE40  
  

,AT ?IS JUNCTURE WE CONCLUD$ \R MEET+4 ,IT WAS #g A4M4 ,I WANT$ TO ATT5D ! G5]AL MEET+ ( PEASANTS & WORK]S AT :I* ! *AIRMAN ( ! ,PUBLIC ,COMMITTEE1 ,PRUS9SKY1 W\LD READ ! PROCLAMATION ( ! DI/RICT COMMISS>1 GIV+ ! (FICIAL V]SION ( ! REVOLUTION>Y UPHEAVAL 9 ! C\NTRY4 

,= ! TIME BE+ WE DECID$ SIMPLY TO REVIEW MY REPORT & SUBMIT IT TO FUR!R ANALYSIS & DISCUSSION4 ,SOME ( ! COMRADES DISP]S$1 O!RS REMA9$ ) ME 9 ORD] TO ATT5D ! G5]AL MEET+ TOGE!R4  
  

"9 "9 "9 

,AT #a3 A4M4 MY COMRADES & ,I W]E AT ! C5TRAL M>KETPLACE2 ,I VIEW$ ! SQU>E1 ! RESID5TIAL BUILD+S & S*OOLS4 ,I W5T 9TO ONE ( ! S*OOLS1 MET ! PR9CIPAL1 & SPOKE ) HIM AT L5G? AB\T ! PROGRAM ( 9/RUCTION1 SOME?+1 9CID5TALLY1 ,I KNEW NO?+ AB\T4 ,ACCORD+ TO ! PR9CIPAL1 ! CATE*ISM WAS P>T ( ?IS PROGRAM & WAS ZEAL\SLY DEF5D$ BY ! PRIE/S &1 TO SOME EXT5T1 BY ! P>5TS ( ! /UD5TS4 ,I WAS QUITE UPSET4 ,NEV]!LESS1 ?IS DID NOT PREV5T ME1 SOME TIME LAT]1 FROM BECOM+ A MEMB] ( ! ,$UCATION ,SOCIETY :I* SUBSIDIZ$ ?IS P>TICUL> S*OOL4 ,I FIRMLY BELIEV$ ?AT BY DIRECT P>TICIPATION 9 ?IS SOCIETY1 ,I C\LD UND]M9E ! RELIGI\S BASES ( $UCATION444 

,T[>DS NOON ,I >RIV$ AT ! G5]AL MEET+ :I* HAD JU/ />T$ ) ! REPORT ( ! *AIRMAN ( ! ,PUBLIC ,COMMITTEE1 ,5SIGN ,PRUS9SKY4 7,AT ?AT TIME 9 ,GULYAI-,POLE WAS /ATION$ ! #h? ,REGIM5T ( ! ,S]BIAN ,>MY1 TO :I* WAS ATTA*$ A ,RUSSIAN MA*9E GUN UNIT ) #ab MA*9E GUNS & A COMPLEM5T ( #add M51 L$ BY F\R (FIC]S4 ,DUR+ ! ORGANIZATION ( ! ,PUBLIC ,COMMITTEE 9 ,GULYAI-,POLE SOME ( !SE (FIC]S W]E 9VIT$ TO TAKE P>T4 ,ONE ( !M1 NAMELY ,PRUS9SKY1 WAS ELECT$ *AIRMAN ( ! ,PUBLIC ,COMMITTEE4 ,ANO!R1 ,LIEUT5ANT ,KUD9OV1 WAS ELECT$ ,*IEF ( ! ,MILITIA4 ,!SE TWO (FIC]S1 !SE 0PUBLIC FIGURES01 DET]M9$ ! ORD]+ ( SOCIAL LIFE 9 ,GULYAI-,POLE47 

,AT ! CONCLUSION ( HIS REPORT1 ! *AIRMAN ( ! ,PUBLIC ,COMMITTEE ASK$ ME TO ADDRESS ! ,C\NCIL 9 SUPPORT ( HIS VIEWS4 ,?IS ,I REFUS$ TO DO & 9/EAD ASK$ TO SPEAK ON ANO!R MATT]4 

,9 MY SPEE* ,I PO9T$ \T TO ! PEASANTS ! ABSURDITY ( ALL[+ 9 REVOLUTION>Y ,GULYAI-,POLE SU* A ,PUBLIC ,COMMITTEE1 HEAD$ BY PEOPLE :O W]E /RANG]S TO ! COMMUNITY & :O W]E NOT ACC\NTABLE TO ! COMMUNITY = !IR ACTIONS4 ,& ,I PROPOS$ ?AT ! ASSEMBLY IMM$IATELY DELEGATE F\R PEOPLE FROM EA* SOTNIA 7,GULYAI-,POLE WAS DIVID$ 9TO SEV5 W>DS1 CALL$ SOTNIAS7 TO HOLD A SPECIAL CONF]5CE AB\T ?IS & O!R QUE/IONS4 

,! ELEM5T>Y S*OOL TEA*]S AT ! MEET+ IMM$IATELY RALLI$ TO MY POSITION4 ,! PR9CIPAL ( ONE SMALL S*OOL1 ,KORPUS5KO1 (F]$ HIS BUILD+ = \R MEET+4 

,IT WAS DECID$ ?AT DELEGATES %\LD BE ELECT$ AT SEP>ATE MEET+S ( ! SOTNIAS & A DAY WAS FIX$ = ! MEET+S4 ,?US 5D$ MY FIR/ PUBLIC APPE>ANCE AFT] GETT+ \T ( PRISON4 

,N[ ! TEA*]S 9VIT$ ME TO !IR [N MEET+4 ,FIR/ ,I GOT TO KN[ !M A LITTLE BETT]4 ,ONE ( !M TURN$ \T TO BE A ,SOCIALI/-,REVOLUTION>Y2 ! REMA9+ #ab OR #ad PEOPLE W]E MO/LY NON-,P>TY4 

,!N WE DISCUSS$ A S]IES ( QUE/IONS RELAT$ TO ! 9ACTIVITY ( ! TEA*]S4 ,!Y WANT$ TO TAKE P>T 9 PUBLIC LIFE & W]E SE>*+ = WAYS ( DO+ ?IS4 ,WE DECID$ TO ACT 9 CONC]T ON BEHALF ( ! PEASANTS & WORK]S TO DISPLACE ! (FIC]-KULAK ,COMMITTEE4 ,?IS ,COMMITTEE HAD NOT BE5 ELECT$ BY ! :OLE ( SOCIETY BUT ONLY BY ITS WEAL?IE/ ELEM5TS4 

,AFT] ?IS ,I W5T TO A MEET+ ( \R :OLE GR\P4 

,H]E WE ANALYZ$ MY REPORT & ,KAL5I*5KO'S CRITICISM ( IT4 ,AS A RESULT1 WE DECID$ TO BEG9 ME?ODICAL PROPAG&A WORK 9 ! SOTNIAS3 AMONG ! PEASANTS1 & 9 ! MILLS & WORK%OPS4 ,?IS AGITATION WORK WAS TO BE BAS$ ON TWO PREMISES3  

,SO LONG AS ! PEASANTS & WORK]S F\ND !MSELVES 9 A DISORGANIZ$ /ATE1 !Y W\LD NOT BE ABLE TO CON/ITUTE !MSELVES AS A REGIONAL SOCIAL =CE ( ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN *>ACT]1 CAPABLE ( /RUGGL+ AGA9/ ! 0,PUBLIC ,COMMITTEE04 ,UP TO ?IS PO9T ! PEASANTS & WORK]S1 :E!R !Y LIK$ IT OR NOT1 HAD BE5 OBLIG$ TO ADH]E TO ! 0,PUBLIC ,COMMITTEE01 ORGANIZ$ UND] ! AUSPICES ( ! ,PROVISIONAL ,COALITION ,GOV]NM5T4 ,?AT IS :Y IT WAS IMPORTANT TO REELECT ?IS ,COMMITTEE 9 ,GULYAI-,POLE4  

,SU/A9$ AGITATION MU/ BE C>RI$ \T = ! ORGANIZATION ( A ,PEASANTS' ,UNION1 :I* WE W\LD TAKE P>T 9 & 9 :I* WE W\LD EX]CISE ! DOM9ANT 9FLU5CE4 ,WE W\LD EXPRESS \R LACK ( CONFID5CE 9 ! 0,PUBLIC ,COMMITTEE01 AN ORGAN ( ! C5TRAL GOV]NM5T1 & URGE ! ,PEASANTS' ,UNION TO TAKE OV] ?IS ORGAN4  
  
  

0,?IS TACTIC10 ,I TOLD ! COMRADES1 0,I SEE LEAD+ TO ! REPUDIATION ( GOV]NM5T RULE ) ITS CONCEPT ( ?IS TYPE ( ,PUBLIC ,COMMITTEE4 ,MOREOV]1 IF WE >E SUCCESSFUL 9 \R EF=TS1 WE %ALL HELP ! PEASANTS & WORK]S TO REALIZE A FUNDAM5TAL TRU?4 ,NAMELY ?AT ONCE !Y TAKE A CONSCI\S & S]I\S APPROA* TO ! QUE/ION ( REVOLUTION1 !N !Y !MSELVES WILL BECOME ! TRUE BE>]S ( ! CONCEPT ( SELF-MANAGEM5T4 ,& !Y WON'T NE$ ! GUIDANCE ( POLITICAL P>TIES ) !IR S]VANT -- ! ,/ATE4 

,! TIME IS V]Y FAVORABLE = US1 AN>*I/S1 TO /RIVE = A PRACTICAL SOLUTION TO A :OLE RANGE ( PROBLEMS ( ! PRES5T & ! FUTURE1 EV5 IF !RE >E GREAT DIFFICULTIES & ! POSSIBILITY ( FREQU5T MI/AKES4 ,!SE PROBLEMS >E CONNECT$ 9 ONE WAY OR ANO!R ) \R IDEAL & BY /RUGGL+ = \R DEM&S WE %ALL BECOME ! TRUE BE>]S ( ! FREE SOCIETY4 ,WE CAN'T LET ?IS OPPORTUNITY PASS BY4 ,?AT W\LD BE AN UN=GIVABLE ]ROR = \R GR\P1 = WE W\LD BECOME SEP>AT$ FROM ! LABOR+ MASSES4 

,AT ALL CO/S WE MU/ BEW>E ( LOS+ T\* ) ! WORK]S4 ,?IS IS EQUIVAL5T TO POLITICAL DEA? = REVOLUTION>IES4 ,OR EV5 WORSE1 WE C\LD =CE ! WORK]S TO REJECT \R IDEAS1 IDEAS :I* ATTRACT !M N[ & WILL CONT9UE TO ATTRACT !M SO LONG AS WE >E AMONG !M1 M>*+1 FI<T+1 & DY+1 OR W9N+ & REJOIC+40  
  

,! COMRADES1 SMIL+ IRONICALLY1 REPLI$3 0,OLD BUDDY1 Y\ >E DEVIAT+ FROM ! NORMAL ,AN>*I/ TACTIC4 ,WE %\LD BE LI/5+ TO ! VOICE ( \R MOVEM5T1 AS Y\ Y\RSELF CALL$ UPON US TO DO AT \R FIR/ MEET+40  
  

0,Y\ >E QUITE RI<T1 WE MU/ & WE %ALL LI/5 TO ! VOICE ( \R MOVEM5T1 IF !RE IS A MOVEM5T4 ,AT PRES5T ,I DON'T SEE IT4 ,BUT ,I KN[ WE MU/ WORK N[1 )\T DELAY4 ,I PROPOS$ A PLAN ( WORK & WE HAVE ALREADY ADOPT$ IT4 ,:AT ELSE REMA9S TO DO1 EXCEPT WORK80  
  

,WELL1 A :OLE WEEK WAS SP5T 9 DISCUSSIONS4 ,NEV]!LESS1 ALL ( US HAD ALREADY />T$ WORK 9 \R *OS5 FIELDS1 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! DECISION WE HAD AGRE$ TO4 

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