,! ,RUSSIAN ,TRAG$Y #aibb ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,ALEX&] ,B]KMAN ,TAGS 3 ALL P[] TO ! SOVIETS1 ECONOMIC CONCESSIONS TO ! B\RGEOISIE1 DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT1 POLITICAL P>TIES & MOVEM5TS1 DAYS ( ! REVOLUTION1 COMMUNI/ P>TY ( RUSSIA1 WORK]S & ! PEASANTS1 WORK]S & PEASANTS1 ECONOMIC & SOCIAL1 P>TIES & MOVEM5TS4 ,TEXT 3 ,PHOTO BY ,JESSE1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE ,! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION ,S]IES ,NO4#a ,! ,R,U,S,S,I,A,N ,T,R,A,G,$,Y 7,A ,REVIEW & ,AN ,\TLOOK7 BY ,ALEX&] ,B]KMAN ,=,E,W,O,R,D ,WE LIVE AT A TIME :5 TWO CIVILIZATIONS >E /RUGGL+ = !IR EXI/5CE4 ,PRES5T SOCIETY IS AT DEA? GRIPS ) ! ,NEW ,IDEAL4 ,! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION WAS BUT ! FIR/ S]I\S COMBAT ( ! TWO =CES1 :OSE /RUGGLE MU/ CONT9UE TILL ! F9AL TRIUMPH ( ! ONE OR ( ! O!R4 ,! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION HAS FAIL$ - FAIL$ ( ITS ULTIMATE PURPOSE4 ,BUT ?AT FAILURE IS A TEMPOR>Y ONE4 ,9 ! PO9T ( REVOLUTIONIZ+ ! ?\ ( ! TWO WORLDS4 ,?AT W> WILL GO ON1 IS GO+ ON4 ,9 ?AT W> CAPITALISM IS ALREADY FAC+ ITS DOOM4 ,YET MORE3 ) CAPITALISM1 C5TRALIZ$ POLITICAL GOV]NM5T1 ! ,/,A,T,E1 IS ALSO DOOM$1 - & ?AT IS ! MO/ SIGNIFICANT LESSON ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION AS ,I SEE IT4 ,?IS PAMPHLET WAS REC5TLY PUBLI%$ 9 ! ,DUT* LANGUAGE1 :]EUPON A ,HOLL& CRITIC WROTE TO ME3 0,Y\ HAVE FAIL$ TO GIVE ! FULL LESSON ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION04 ,I AGREE ) HIM4 ,IT WILL REQUIRE A GREAT MANY VOLUMES TO GIVE 0! FULL LESSON0 ( SO TREM5D\S AN EV5T AS ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION4 ,MY PURPOSE IS MORE MODE/4 ,IT WILL1 REQUIRE ! EF=T ( MANY M9DS TO CL>IFY TO ! WORLD ! FULL SIGNIFICANCE ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION1 ! POT5TIALITY TIES ( ! IDEALS & IDEAS 9VOLV$ 9 IT4 ,I M]ELY WANT TO CONTRIBUTE MY LITTLE %>E4 ,I HAVE DECID$ TO 9CORPORATE ! RESULT ( MY TWO YE>S' /UDY & OBS]VATION 9 ,RUSSIA 9 A S]IES ( PAMPHLETS UND] ! G5]AL CAPTION ( ! ,R,U,S,S,I,A,N ,R,E,V,O,L,U,T,I,O,N ,S,],I,E,S4 ,! ,S]IES WILL COMPRISE A CRITICAL REVIEW ( ! MO/ IMPORTANT PHASES ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 TOGE!R ) A4 CON/RUCTIVE ANALYSIS ( SOME ( ! VITAL LESSONS TO BE DRAWN4 ,IF ! PRES5T ,S]IES WILL HELP TO MAKE ?+S A LITTLE CLE>] 9 REG>D TO ,RUSSIA1 IF IT WILL AID ! WORK]S TO SEE ! PA? ( LIB]ATION A LITTLE /RAIACT] ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION1 ITS DEVELOPM5T1 & ITS PRES5T POLITICAL1 ECONOMIC & SOCIAL /ATUS4 ,UND]/&+ ( ,RUSSIA & ( :AT HAS BE5 HAPP5+ !RE S9CE #aiag IS MO/ 9ADEQUATE1 TO SAY ! LEA/4 ,?\< ! GREAT MAJORITY ( PEOPLE SIDE EI!R ) OR AGA9/ ! ,REVOLUTION1 SPEAK = OR AGA9/ ! ,BOL%EVIKI1 YET ALMO/ NO:]E IS !RE CONCRETE KN[L$GE & CL>ITY 9 REG>D TO ! VITAL SUBJECTS 9VOLV$4 ,G5]ALLY SPEAK+1 ! VIEWS EXPRESS$ - FRI5DLY OR O!RWISE - >E BAS$ ON V]Y 9COMPLETE & UNRELIABLE1 FREQU5TLY 5TIRELY FALSE1 9=MATION AB\T ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION1 ITS HI/ORY & ! PRES5T PHASE ( ! ,BOL%EVIK REGIME ,BUT NOT ONLY >E ! OP9IONS 5T]TA9$ F\ND$1 AS A RULE1 ON 9SUFFICI5T OR WRONG DATA2 TOO (T5 !Y >E DEEPLY COLOR$ - PROP]LY SPEAK+1 DI/ORT$ - BY P>TISAN FEEL+1 P]SONAL PREJUDICE1 & CLASS 9T]E/S4 ,ON ! :OLE1 IT IS %E] IGNORANCE1 9 ONE =M OR ANO!R1 :I* *>ACT]IZES ! ATTITUDE ( ! GREAT MAJORITY ( PEOPLE T[>D ,RUSSIA & ,RUSSIAN EV5TS4 ,& YET1 UND]/&+ ( ! ,RUSSIAN SITUATION IS MO/ VITAL TO ! FUTURE PROGRESS & WELLBE+ ( ! WORLD4 ,ON ! CORRECT E/IMATION ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION1 ! ROLE PLAY$ 9 IT BY ! ,BOL%EVIKI & BY O!R POLITICAL P>TIES & MOVEM5TS1 & ! CAUSES ?AT HAVE BR\Y EF=TS PREC$+ & ACCOMPANY+ !M - WILL BE PR(\NDLY1 ESS5TIALLY 9FLU5C$ BY ! POPUL> UND]/&+ ( :AT HAS REALLY HAPP5$ 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,IT IS G5]ALLY ADMITT$ ?AT ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION IS ! MO/ IMPORTANT HI/ORIC EV5T S9CE ! ,GREAT ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION4 ,I AM EV5 9CL9$ TO ?9K ?AT1 9 PO9T ( ITS POT5TIAL CONSEQU5CES1 ! ,REVOLUTION ( #aiag IS ! MO/ SIGNIFICANT FACT 9 ! :OLE KN[N HI/ORY ( MANK9D4 ,IT IS ! ONLY ,REVOLUTION :I* AIM$1 DE FACTO1 AT SOCIAL WORLD REVOLUTION2 IT IS ! ONLY ONE :I* ACTUALLY ABOLI%$ ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM ON A C\NTRY-WIDE SCALE1 & FUNDAM5TALLY ALT]$ ALL SOCIAL RELATION%IPS EXI/+ TILL !N4 ,AN EV5T ( SU* HUMAN & HI/ORIC MAGNITUDE MU/ NOT BE JUDG$ FROM ! N>R[ VIEWPO9T ( P>TIZAN%IP4 ,NO SUBJECTIVE FEEL+ OR PRECONCEPTION %\LD BE CONSCI\SLY P]MITT$ TO COLOR ONE'S ATTITUDE4 ,ABOVE ALL1 EV]Y PHASE ( ! ,REVOLUTION MU/ BE C>EFULLY /UDI$1 )\T BIAS OR PREJUDICE1 & ALL ! FACTS DISPASSIONATELY CONSID]$1 TO 5ABLE US TO =M A JU/ & ADEQUATE OP9ION4 ,I BELIEVE - ,I AM FIRMLY CONV9C$ - ?AT ONLY ! :OLE TRU? AB\T ,RUSSIA1 IRRESPECTIVE ( ANY CONSID]ATIONS :ATEV]1 CAN BE ( ULTIMATE B5EFIT4 ,UN=TUNATELY1 SU* HAS NOT BE5 ! CASE SO F>1 AS A G5]AL RULE4 ,IT WAS NATURAL1 ( C\RSE1 = ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION TO >\SE BITT]E/ ANTAGONISM1 ON ! ONE H&1 & MO/ PASSIONATE DEF5SE1 ON ! O!R4 ,BUT P>TIZAN%IP1 ( :ATEV] CAMP IS NOT AN OBJECTIVE JUDGE4 ,TO SPEAK PLA9LY1 ! MO/ ATROCI\S LIES1 AS WELL AS RIDICUL\S FAIRY TALES1 HAVE BE5 SPREAD AB\T ,RUSSIA1 & >E CONT9U+ TO BE SPREAD1 EV5 AT ?IS LATE DAY4 ,NATURALLY1 IT IS NOT TO BE WOND]$ AT ?AT ! 5EMIES ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION1 ! 5EMIES ( REVOLUTION1 AS SU*1 ! REACTION>IES & !IR TOOLS1 %\LD HAVE FLOOD$ ! WORLD ) MO/ V5OM\S MISREPRES5TATION ( EV5TS TRANSPIR+ 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,AB\T !M & !IR 09=MATION0 ,I NE$ NOT WA/E ANY FUR!R WORDS3 9 ! EYES ( HONE/1 9TELLIG5T PEOPLE !Y >E DISCR$IT$ LONG AGO4 ,BUT1 SAD TO /ATE1 IT IS ! W\LD BE FRI5DS ( ,RUSSIA & ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION :O HAVE DONE ! GREATE/ H>M TO ! ,REVOLUTION1 TO ! ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE1 & TO ! BE/ 9T]E/S ( ! WORK+ MASSES ( ! WORLD1 BY !IR EX]CISE ( ZEAL UNTEMP]$ BY TRU?4 ,SOME UNCONSCI\SLY1 \T ( IGNORANCE1 BUT MO/ ( !M CONSCI\SLY & 9T5TIONALLY HAVE BE5 LY+1 P]SI/5TLY & *E]FULLY1 9 DEFIANCE ( ALL FACTS1 9 ! MI/AK5 NOTION ?AT !Y >E 0HELP+ ! ,REVOLUTION04 ,REASONS ( 0POLITICAL EXP$I5CY01 ( 0,BOL%EVIK DIPLOMACY01 ( ! ALLEG$ 0NECESSITY ( ! H\R01 & FREQU5TLY MOTIVES ( LESS UNSELFI% CONSID]ATIONS1 HAVE ACTUAT$ !M4 ,! SOLE LEGITIMATE CONSID]ATION ( DEC5T M51 ( REAL FRI5DS ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION & ( MAN'S EMANCIPATION1 - ,AS WELL AS ( RELIABLE HI/ORY - CONSID]ATION = TRU?1 !Y HAVE 5TIRELY IGNOR$4 ,!RE HAVE BE5 HONORABLE EXCEPTIONS1 UN=TUNATELY TOO FEW3 !IR VOICE HAS ALMO/ BE5 LO/ 9 ! WILD]NESS ( MISREPRES5TATION1 FALSEHOOD1 & OV]/ATEM5T4 ,BUT MO/ ( ?OSE :O VISIT$ ,RUSSIA SIMPLY LI$ AB\T ! CONDITIONS 9 ?AT C\NTRY1 - ,I REPEAT IT DELIB]ATELY4 ,SOME LI$ BECAUSE !Y DID NOT KN[ ANY BETT]3 !Y HAD HAD NEI!R ! TIME NOR ! OPPORTUNITY TO /UDY ! SITUATION1 TO LE>N ! FACTS4 ,!Y MADE 0FLY+ TRIPS01 SP5D+ T5 DAYS OR A FEW WEEKS 9 ,PETROGRAD & ,MOSC[1 UNFAMILI> ) ! LANGUAGE1 NEV] = A MOM5T COM+ 9 DIRECT T\* ) ! REAL LIFE ( ! PEOPLE1 HE>+ & SEE+ ONLY :AT WAS TOLD OR %[N !M BY ! 9T]E/$ (FICIALS ACCOMPANY+ !M AT EV]Y /EP4 ,9 MANY CASES !SE 0/UD5TS ( ! ,REVOLUTION0 W]E V]ITABLE 9NOC5TS ABROAD1 NAIVE TO ! PO9T ( ! LUDICR\S4 ,SO UNFAMILI> W]E !Y ) ! 5VIRONM5T ?AT 9 MO/ CASES !Y HAD NOT EV5 ! FA9TE/ SUSPICION ?AT !IR AFFABLE 09T]PRET]01 SO EAG] TO 0%[ & EXPLA9 EV]Y?+01 WAS 9 REALITY A MEMB] ( ! 0TRU/$ M501 SPECIALLY ASSIGN$ TO 0GUIDE0 IMPORTANT VISITORS4 ,MANY SU* VISITORS HAVE S9CE SPOK5 & WRITT5 VOLUM9\SLY AB\T ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION1 ) LITTLE KN[L$GE & LESS UND]/&+4 ,O!RS !RE W]E :O HAD ! TIME & ! OPPORTUNITY1 & SOME ( !M REALLY TRI$ TO /UDY ! SITUATION S]I\SLY1 NOT M]ELY = ! PURPOSE ( J\RNALI/IC 0COPY04 ,DUR+ MY TWO YE>S' /AY 9 ,RUSSIA ,I HAD OCCASION TO COME 9 P]SONAL CONTACT ) ALMO/ EV]Y =EIGN VISITOR1 ) ! ,LABOR MISSIONS1 & ) PRACTICALLY EV]Y DELEGATE FROM ,EUROPE1 ,ASIA1 ,AM]ICA & ,AU/RALIA1 :O GA!R$ 9 ,MOSC[ TO ATT5D !1 ,9T]NATIONAL ,COMMUNI/ ,CONGRESS & ! ,REVOLUTION>Y ,TRADE ,UNION ,CONGRESS HELD !RE LA/ YE>4 7#a#i#b#a47 ,MO/ ( !M C\LD SEE & UND]/& :AT WAS HAPP5+ 9 ! C\NTRY4 ,BUT IT WAS A R>E EXCEPTION1 9DE$1 ?AT HAD VISION & C\RAGE 5\< TO REALIZE ?AT ONLY ! :OLE TRU? C\LD S]VE ! BE/ 9T]E/S ( ! SITUATION4 ,AS A G5]AL RULE1 H[EV]1 ! V>I\S VISITORS TO ,RUSSIA W]E EXTREMELY C>ELESS ( ! TRU?1 SY/EMATICALLY SO1 ! MOM5T !Y BEGAN 05LI5E W]E BE+ REALIZ$ 9 ,RUSSIA - & ?AT AT ! V]Y TIME :5 ,L59 WAS DEPLOR+ ! 0NECESSITY ( MILIT>Y COMMUNISM =C$ UPON US BY ,ALLI$ 9T]V5TION & BLOCKADE04 ,CONSID] ! 0EQUALITY0 ?AT DIVID$ ! POPULATION ( ,RUSSIA 9TO #cf CATEGORIES1 ACCORD+ TO ! RATION & WAGES RECEIV$4 ,ANO!R ,5GLI%MAN1 A NOT$ WRIT]1 EMPHATICALLY CLAIM$ ?AT EV]Y?+ W\LD BE WELL 9 ,RUSSIA1 W]E IT NOT = \TSIDE 9T]F]5CE - :ILE :OLE DI/RICTS 9 ! ,EA/1 ! ,S\?1 & 9 ,SIB]IA1 SOME ( !M L>G] 9 >EA ?AN ,FRANCE1 W]E 9 >M$ REBELLION AGA9/ ! ,BOL%EVIKI & !IR AGR>IAN POLICY4 ,O!R LIT]ATI W]E EXTOLL+ ! 0FREE ,SOVIET SY/EM0 ( ,RUSSIA1 :ILE #a#h1 ( H] SONS LAY DEAD AT ,KRON/ADT 9 ! /RUGGLE TO A*IEVE FREE ,SOVIETS4 ,BUT :Y 5L>GE UPON ?IS LIT]>Y PRO/ITUTION8 ,! READ] WILL EASILY RECALL TO M9D ! LEGION ( ,ANANIASES :O HAVE BE5 /R5U\SLY D5Y+ ! V]Y EXI/5CE ( ! ?+S ?AT ,L59 TRI$ TO EXPLA9 AS 9EVITABLE4 ,I KN[ ?AT MANY DELEGATES & O!RS BELIEV$ ?AT ! REAL ,RUSSIAN SITUATION1 IF KN[N ABROAD1 MI*IVES ( HI/ORY1 BY ! 9TRODUCTION ( ! 0NEW ECONOMIC POLICY04 ,N[ ! TIME HAS COME :5 WE MU/ LE>N ! FULL LESSON ( ! ,REVOLUTION & ! CAUSES ( ITS DEBACLE4 ,?AT WE MAY AVOID ! MI/AKES IT MADE 7,L59 FRANKLY SAYS !Y W]E MANY71 ?AT WE BE 5ABL$ TO ADOPT ITS BE/ FEATURES1 WE MU/ KN[ ! :OLE TRU? AB\T ,RUSSIA4 ,IT IS !RE=E ?AT ,I CONSID] ! PRES5T ACTIVITIES ( C]TA9 LABOR M5 AS POSITIVELY CRIM9AL & A BETRAYAL ( ! TRUE 9T]E/S ( ! WORK]S ( ! WORLD4 ,I REF] TO ! M5 & WOM51 SOME ( !M DELEGATES TO ! ,CONGRESSES HELD 9 ,MOSC[ 9 #a#i#b#a1 ?AT /ILL CONT9UE TO PROPAGATE ! 0FRI5DLY0 LIES AB\T ,RUSSIA1 DELUDE ! MASSES ) ROSEATE PICTURES ( LABOR CONDITIONS 9 ?AT C\NTRY1 & EV5 SEEK TO 9DUCE WORK]S ( O!R L&S TO MIGRATE 9 L>GE NUMB]S TO ,RUSSIA4 ,!Y >E /REG!N+ . ! APPALL+ CONFUSION ALREADY EXI/+ 9 ! POPUL> M9D1 DECEIVE ! PROLET>IAT BY FALSE /ATEM5TS ( ! PRES5T & VA9 PROMISES = ! NE> FUTURE4 ,!Y >E P]PETUAT+ ! DANG]\S DELUSION ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION IS ALIVE & CONT9U\SLY ACTIVE 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,IT IS MO/ DESPICABLE TACTICS4 ,( C\RSE1 IT IS EASY = AN ,AM]ICAN LABOR LEAD]1 PLAY+ TO ! RADICAL ELEM5T1 TO WRITE GL[+ REPORTS AB\T ! CONDITION ( ! ,RUSSIAN WORK+M51 :ILE HE IS BE+ 5T]TA9$ AT ,/ATE EXP5SE AT ! ,LUXE1 ! MO/ LUCRATIVE HOTEL 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,9DE$1 HE MAY 9SI/ ?AT 0NO MONEY IS NE$$01 = DOES HE NOT RECEIVE EV]Y?+ HIS HE>T DESIRES1 FREE ( *>GE8 ,OR :Y %\LD ! ,PRESID5T ( AN ,AM]ICAN NE$LEWORK]S UNION NOT /ATE ?AT ! ,RUSSIAN WORK]S 5JOY FULL LIB]TY ( SPEE*8 ,HE IS C>EFUL NOT TO M5TION ?AT ONLY ,COMMUNI/S & 0TRU/IES0 W]E P]MITT$ )9 SPEAK+ DI/ANCE :ILE ! DI/+UI%$ VISITOR WAS 09VE/IGAT+0 CONDITIONS 9 ! FACTORIES4 ,MAY HI/ORY BE M]CIFUL TO !M4 ,I,I ,?AT ! READ] MAY =M A JU/ E/IMATE ( :AT ,I %ALL SAY FUR!R1 ,I ?9K IT NECESS>Y TO SKET*1 BRIEFLY MY M5TAL ATTITUDE AT ! TIME ( MY >RIVAL 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,IT WAS TWO YE>S AGO4 ,A DEMOCRATIC GOV]NM5T1 0! FREE/ ON E>?01 HAD DEPORT$ ME - TOGE!R ) #bdh O!R POLITICALS - FROM ! C\NTRY ,I HAD LIV$ 9 OV] ?IRTY YE>S4 ,I HAD PROTE/$ EMPHATICALLY AGA9/ ! MORAL WRONG P]PETRAT$ BY AN ALLEG$ DEMOCRACY 9 RESORT+ TO ME?ODS IT HAD SO VEHEM5TLY CONDEMN$ ON ! P>T ( ! ,CZ>I/ AUTOCRACY4 ,I BR&$ DEPORTATION ( POLITICALS AS AN \TRAGE ON ! MO/ FUNDAM5TAL RIT WAS GLAD4 ,ALREADY AT ! \TBREAK ( ! ,FEBRU>Y ,REVOLUTION ,I HAD YE>N$ TO GO TO ,RUSSIA4 ,BUT ! ,MOONEY CASE HAD DETA9$ ME3 ,I WAS LOA! TO DES]T ! FIS ! =C$ HOSPITALITY ( ! ,F$]AL P5IT5TI>Y AT ,ATLANTA1 ,GA41 PREV5T$ MY DEP>TURE4 ,DEPORTATION FOLL[$4 ,MY HE>T WAS GLAD1 DID ,I SAY8 ,WEAK WORD TO EXPRESS ! PASSION ( JOY ?AT FILL$ ME AT ! C]TA9TY ( VISIT+ ,RUSSIA4 ,RUSSIA6 ,I WAS GO+ TO ! C\NTRY ?AT HAD SWEPT ,CZ>DOM (F ! MAP1 ,I WAS TO BEHOLD ! L& ( ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION6 ,C\LD !RE BE GREAT] JOY TO ONE :O 9 HIS V]Y *ILDHOOD HAD BE5 A REBEL AGA9/ TYRANNY1 :OSE Y\?'S UN=M$ DREAMS HAD VISION$ HUMAN BRO!RHOOD & HAPP9ESS1 :OSE 5TIRE LIFE WAS DEVOT$ TO ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION86 ,! J\RNEY WAS AN 9SPIRATION4 ,?\< WE ,W]E PRISON]S1 TREAT$ ) MILIT>Y SEV]ITY1 & ! 0,BU=D0 A LEAKY OLD TUB REPEAT$LY 5DANG]+ \R LIVES DUR+ ! MON?'S ,ODYSSEY1 YET ! ?\Y PROMISE KEPT ! :OLE COMPANY ( DEPORTEES 9 HI< SPIRITS1 A TREMBLE ) EXPECTATION ( ! GREAT ,DAY SOON TO COME4 ,LONG1 LONG WAS ! VOYAGE1 %AMEFUL ! CONDITIONS WE W]E =C$ TO 5DURE3 CR[D$ BEL[ DECK1 LIV+ 9 CON/ANT WETNESS & F\L AIR1 F$ ON ! POORE/ RATIONS4 ,\R PATI5CE WAS NI< EXHAU/$1 YET \R C\RAGE UNFLAGG+1 & AT LA/ WE REA*$ \R DE/9ATION4 ,IT WAS ! #a#i? ( ,JANU>Y1 #a#i#b1 :5 WE T\*$ ! SOIL ( ,SOVIET ,RUSSIA4 ,A FEEL+ ( SOLEMNITY1 ( AWE1 ALMO/ OV]:ELM$ ME4 ,?US MU/ HAVE FELT MY PI\S OLD =EFA!RS ON FIR/ 5T]+ ! ,HOLY ( ,HOLIES4 ,A /RONG DESIRE WAS UPON ME TO KNEEL D[N & KISS ! GR\ND - ! GR\ND CONSECRAT$ BY ! LIFE-BLOOD ( G5]ATIONS ( SUFF]+ & M>TYRDOM1 CONSECRAT$ ANEW BY ! ?RIUMPHANT . REVOLUTIONI/S ( MY [N DAY4 ,NEV] BE=E1 NOT EV5 :5 RELEAS$ FROM ! HORRIBLE NIE ( #ad YE>S' PRISON1 HAD ,I BE5 /IRR$ SO PR(\NDLY1 - LONG+ TO EMBRACE HUMANITY1 TO LAY MY HE>T AT ITS FEET1 TO GIVE MY LIFE A ?\S& TIMES1 W]E IT BUT POSSIBLE1 TO ! S]VICE ( ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION4 ,IT WAS ! MO/ SUBLIME DAY ( MY LIFE4 ,WE W]E RECEIV$ ) OP5 >MS4 ,! REVOLUTION>Y HYMN1 PLAY$ BY ! MILIT>Y ,R$ ,B&1 GREET$ US 5?USIA/ICALLY AS WE CROSS$ ! ,RUSSIAN FRONTI]4 ,! HURRAHS ( ! R$-CAPP$ DEF5D]S ( ! ,REVOLUTION E*O$ ?R\< ! WOODS1 ROLL+ 9TO ! DI/ANCE LIKE ?REATS ( ?UND]4 ,) B[$ HEAD ,I /OOD 9 ! PRES5CE ( ! VISIBLE SYMBOLS ( ! ,REVOLUTION ,TRIUMPHANT4 ,) B[$ BEAD & B[$ HE>T4 ,MY SPIRIT WAS PR\D1 YET MEEK ) ! CONSCI\SNESS ( ACTUAL ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION4 ,:AT DEP?S1 :AT GR&EUR LAY !RE91 :AT 9CALCULABLE POSSIBILITIES /RET*$ 9 ITS VI/AS6 ,I HE>D ! /ILL VOICE ( MY S\L3 0,MAY Y\R PA/ LIFE HAVE CONTRIBUT$1 IF EV] SO LITTLE1 TO ! REALIZATION ( ! GREAT HUMAN IDEAL1 TO ?IS1 ITS SUCCESSFUL BEG9N+04 ,& ,I BECAME CONSCI\S ( ! GREAT HAPP9ESS IT (F]$ ME3 TO DO1 TO WORK1 TO HELP ) EV]Y FIB] ( MY BE+ ! COMPLETE REVOLUTION>Y EXPRESSION ( ?IS WOND]FUL PEOPLE4 ,!Y HAD F\? - AT LEA/ UPON ?AT P>T ( IT ?AT WAS ,SOVIET ,RUSSIA1 & NEV]MORE %ALL ! PRECI\S H]ITAGE BE LO/4 ,BUT YE>S ( W> & REVOLUTION HAVE EXHAU/$ ! C\NTRY4 ,!RE IS SUFF]+ & HUNG]1 & MU* NE$ ( /\T HE>TS & WILL+ H&S TO DO & HELP4 ,MY HE>T SANG = JOY4 ,AYE1 ,I WILL GIVE MYSELF FULLY1 COMPLETELY1 TO ! S]VICE ( ! PEOPLE2 ,I %ALL BE REJUV5AT$ & GR[ Y\NG AGA9 9 EV] GREAT] EF=T1 9 ! H>DE/ TOIL1 = ! FUR!RANCE ( ! COMMON WEAL4 ,MY V]Y LIFE WILL ,I CONSECRATE TO ! REALIZATION ( ! WORLD'S GREAT HOPE1 ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION4 ,AT ! FIR/ ,RUSSIAN >MY \TPO/ A MASSMEET+ WAS HELD TO WELCOME US4 ,! L>GE HALL CR[D$ ) SOLDI]S & SAILORS1 ! NUN-DRESS$ WOM5 ON ! SPEAK]'S PLAT=M1 !IR SPEE*ES1 ! :OLE ATMOSPH]E PALPITAT+ ) ,REVOLUTION 9 ACTION - ALL MADE A DEEP IMPRESSION ON ME4 ,URG$ TO SAY SOME?+1 ,I ?ANK$ ! ,RUSSIAN COMRADES = !IR W>M WELCOME ( ! ,AM]ICAN DEPORTEES1 CONGRATULAT$ !M ON !IR H]OIC /RUGGLE1 & EXPRESS$ MY GREAT JOY AT BE+ 9 !IR MID/4 ,& !N MY :OLE ?\ ,COMRADES01 ,I SAID1 0WE CAME NOT TO TEA* BUT TO LE>N2 TO LE>N & TO HELP04 ,?US ,I 5T]$ ,RUSSIA4 ,?US FELT MY FELL[ DEPORTEES ,I REMA9$ TWO YE>S4 ,:AT ,I LE>N$1 ,I LE>N$ GRADUALLY1 DAY BY DAY1 9 V>I\S P>TS ( ! C\NTRY4 ,I HAD EXCEPTIONAL OPPORTUNITIES = OBS]VATION & /UDY4 ,I /OOD CLOSE TO ! LEAD]S ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 ASSOCIAT$ -MU* ) ! MO/ ACTIVE M5 & WOM51 P>TICIPAT$ 9 !IR WORK1 & TRAVEL$ EXT5SIVELY ?R\< ! C\NTRY UND] CONDITIONS MO/ FAVORABLE TO P]SONAL CONTACT ) ! LIFE ( ! WORK]S & PEASANTS4 ,AT FIR/ ,I C\LD NOT BELIEVE ?AT :AT ,I SAW WAS REAL4 ,I W\LD NOT BELIEVE MY EYES1 MY E>S1 MY JUDGM5T4 ,AS ?OSE TRICK MIRRORS ?AT MAKE Y\ APPE> DREADFULLY MON/R\S1 SO ,RUSSIA SEEM$ TO REFLECT ! ,REVOLUTION AS A FRIICATURE ( ! NEW LIFE1 ! WORLD'S HOPE4 ,I %ALL NOT N[ GO 9TO DETAIL$ DESCRIPTION ( MY FIR/ IMPRESSIONS1 MY 9VE/IGATIONS1 & ! LONG PROCESS ?AT RESULT$ 9 MY F9AL CONVICTION4 ,I F\S ,I F\DE/ TO CONV9CE HIM :O DOES NOT WANT TO BE CONV9C$4 ,&1 ,I ADMIT1 ,I DID NOT WANT TO BE CONV9C$ ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION 9 ,RUSSIA HAD BECOME A MIRAGE1 A DANG]\S DECEPTION4 ,LONG & H>D ,I /RUGGL$ AGA9/ ?IS CONVICTION4 ,YET PRO(S W]E ACCUMULAT+1 & EA* DAY BR\D+ ! SOCIAL NATURE ( ! ,OCTOB] *ANGE4 ,NO?+ C\LD BE FUR!R FROM ! TRU?4 ,AS A MATT] ( HI/ORIC FACT1 ! GREAT EV5T KN[N AS ! ,OCTOB] ,REVOLUTION WAS 9 ! PR(\NDE/ S5SE A SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 ,IT WAS *>ACT]IZ$ BY ALL ! ESS5TIALS ( SU* A FUNDAM5TAL *ANGE4 ,IT WAS ACCOMPLI%$1 NOT BY ANY POLITICAL P>TY1 BUT BY ! PEOPLE !MSELVES1 9 A MANN] ?AT RADICALLY TRANS=M$ ALL ! H]ET(ORE EXI/+ ECONOMIC1 POLITICAL & SOCIAL RELATIONS4 ,BUT IT DID NOT TAKE PLACE 9 ,OCTOB]4 ,?AT MON? WITNESS$ ONLY ! =MAL 0LEGAL SANCTION0 ( ! REVOLUTION>Y EV5TS ?AT HAD PREC$$ IT4 ,= WEEKS & MON?S PRIOR TO IT1 ! ACTUAL ,REVOLUTION HAD BE5 GO+ ON ALL OV] ,RUSSIA3 ! CITY PROLET>IAT WAS TAK+ POSSESSION ( ! %OPS & FACTORIES1 :ILE ! PEASANTS EXPROPRIAT$ ! BIG E/ATES & TURN$ ! L& TO !IR [N USE4 ,AT ! SAME TIME WORK]S' COMMITTEES1 PEASANT COMMITTEES & ,SOVIETS SPRANG UP ALL OV] ! C\NTRY1 & !RE BEGAN ! GRADUAL TRANSF] ( P[] FROM ! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T TO ! ,SOVIETS4 ,?AT TOOK PLACE1 FIR/ 9 ,PETROGRAD1 !N 9 ,MOSC[1 & QUICKLY SPREAD TO ! ,VOLGA REGION1 ! ,URAL DI/RICT1 & TO ,SIB]IA4 ,! POPUL> WILL F\ND EXPRESSION 9 ! SLOGAN1 0,ALL P[] TO ! ,SOVIETS01 & IT W5T SWEEP+ ?R\< ! L5G? & BREAD? ( ! L&4 ,! PEOPLE HAD RIS51 ! ACTUAL ,REVOLUTION WAS ON4 ,! KEYNOTE ( ! SITUATION WAS /RUCK BY ! ,CONGRESS ( ! ,SOVIETS ( ! ,NOR?1 PROCLAIM+3 0,! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T ( ,K]5SKY MU/ GO2 ! ,SOVIETS >E ! SOLE P[]60 ,?AT WAS ON ,OCTOB] #a? ,PRACTICALLY ALL ! REAL P[] WAS ALREADY ) ! ,SOVIETS4 ,9 ,JULY ! ,PETROGRAD UPRIS+ AGA9/ ,K]5SKY WAS CRU%$1 BUT 9 ,AUGU/ ! 9FLU5CE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y WORK]S & ( ! G>RISON WAS /RONG 5\< TO 5ABLE !M TO PREV5T ! ATTACK PLANN$ BY ,KORNIL(F4 ,! ,PETROGRAD ,SOVIET GA9$ /R5G? FROM DAY TO DAY4 ,ON ,OCTOB] #a#f? IT ORGANIZ$ ITS [N ,REVOLUTION>Y ,MILIT>Y ,COMMITTEE1 AN ACT ( DEFIANCE ( & OP5 *ALL5GE TO ! GOV]NM5T4 ,! ,SOVIET1 ?R\< ITS ,REVOLUTION>Y ,MILIT>Y ,COMMITTEE1 PREP>$ TO DEF5D ,PETROGRAD AGA9/ ! COALITION GOV]NM5T ( ,K]5SKY & ! POSSIBLE ATTACK ( ,G5]AL ,KAL$9 & HIS C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y COSSACKS ,ON ,OCTOB] #b#bND ! :OLE PROLET>IAN POPULATION ( ,PETROGRAD1 SOLID>ICALLY SUPPORT$ BY ! G>RISON1 DEMON/RAT$ ?R\<\T ! CITY AGA9/ ! GOV]NM5T & 9 FAVOR ( 0,ALL P[] TO ! ,SOVIETS04 ,! ,ALL-,RUSSIAN ,CONGRESS ( ,SOVIETS WAS TO OP5 ON 1,OCTOB] #b#e?4 ,! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T1 KN[+ ITS V]Y EXI/5CE 9 IMM95T P]IL1 RESORT$ TO DRA/IC ACTION4 ,ON ,OCTOB] #b#cRD ! ,PETROGRAD ,SOVIET ORD]$ ! ,K]5SK ,CAB9ET TO )DRAW )9 #dh H\RS4 ,DRIV5 TO DESP]ATION1 ,K]5SKY UND]TOOK - ON ,OCTOB] #b#d? - TO SUPPRESS ! REVOLUTION>Y PRESS1 >RE/ ! MO/ PROM95T REVOLUTIONI/S ( ,PETROGRAD1 & REMOVE ! ACTIVE ,COMMISS>S ( ! ,SOVIET4 ,! GOV]NM5T RELI$ ON ! 0FAI?FUL0 TROOPS & ON ! Y\NG YUNK]S ( ! MILIT>Y /UD5T S*OOLS4 ,BUT IT WAS TOO LATE3 ! ATTEMPT TO SU/A9 ! GOV]NM5T FAIL$4 ,DUR+ ! NITY /EPP$ 9TO P[]4 ,IT WAS ! POLITICAL CULM9ATION ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION4 ,I,V ,V>I\S FACTORS CONTRIBUT$ TO ! SUCCESS ( ! ,REVOLUTION ,TO BEG9 )1 IT MET ) ALMO/ NO ACTIVE OPPOSITION3 ! ,RUSSIAN B\RGEOISIE WAS UNORGANIZ$ WEAK1 & NOT ( A MILITANT DISPOSITION4 ,BUT ! MA9 REASONS LAY 9 ! ALL-ABSORB+ 5?USIASM ) :I* ! REVOLUTION>Y SLOGANS HAD FIR$ ! :OLE PEOPLE4 0,D[N ) ! W>601 0,IMM$IATE PEACE601 0,! L& TO ! PEASANT1 ! FACTORY TO ! WORK]S601 0,ALL P[] TO ! ,SOVIETS60 - !SE W]E EXPRESSIVE ( ! PASSIONATE S\L CRY & DEEPE/ NE$S ( ! GREAT MASSES4 ,NO P[] C\LD )/& !IR MIRACUL\S EFFECT4 ,ANO!R V]Y POT5T FACTOR WAS ! UNITY ( ! V>I\S REVOLUTION>Y ELEM5TS 9 !IR OPPOSITION TO ! ,K]5SKY GOV]NM5T4 ,BOL%EVIKI ,AN>*I/S1 ! LEFT FACTION ( ! ,SOCIAL33 ,REVOLUTIONI/ P>TY1 ! NUM]\S POLITICALS FRE$ FROM PRISON & ,SIB]IAN EXILE1 & ! HUNDR$S ( RETURN$ REVOLUTION>Y EMIGRANTS1 HAD ALL WORK$ DUR+ ! ,FEBRU>Y-,OCTOB] MON?S T[>D A COMMON GOAL4 ,BUT IF 0IT WAS EASY TO BEG90 ! ,REVOLUTION1 AS ,L59 HAD SAID 9 ONE ( HIS SPEE*ES1 TO DEVELOP IT1 TO C>RY IT TO ITS LOGICAL CONCLUSION WAS ANO!R & MORE DIFFICULT MATT]4 ,TWO CONDITIONS W]E ESS5TIAL TO SU* A CONSUMMATION3 CONT9U$ UNITY ( ALL ! REVOLUTION>Y =CES1 & ! APPLICATION ( ! C\NTRY'S GOODWILL 9ITIATIVE & BE/ 5]GIES TO ! IMPORTANT WORK ( ! NEW SOCIAL CON/RUCTION4 ,IT MU/ ALWAYS BE REMEMB]$ - & REMEMB]$ WELL - ?AT REVOLUTION DOES NOT MEAN DE/RUCTION ONLY4 ,IT MEANS DE/RUCTION PLUS CON/RUCTION1 ) ! GREATE/ EMPHASIS ON ! PLUS4 ,MO/ UN=TUNATELY1 ,BOL%EVIK PR9CIPLES & ME?ODS W]E SOON FAT$ TO PROVE A H&ICAP1 A DRAWBACK UPON ! CREATIVE ACTIVITIES ( ! MASSES4 ,! ,BOL%EVIKI >E ,M>XI/S4 ,?\< 9 ! ,OCTOB] DAYS !Y HAD ACCEPT$ & PROCLAIM$ AN>*I/ WAT*WORDS 7DIRECT ACTION BY ! PEOPLE1 EXPROPRIATION1 FREE ,SOVIETS1 & SO =?71 IT WAS NOT !IR SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY ?AT DICTAT$ ?IS ATTITUDE4 ,!Y HAD FELT ! POPUL> PULSE - ! RIS+ WAVES ( ! ,REVOLUTION HAD C>RI$ !M F> BEYOND !IR !ORIES4 ,BUT !Y REMA9$ ,M>XI/S4 ,AT HE>T !Y HAD NO FAI? 9 ! PEOPLE & !IR CREATIVE 9ITIATIVE4 ,AS SOCIAL-DEMOCRATS !Y DI/RU/$ ! PEASANTRY1 C\NT+ RA!R UPON ! SUPPORT ( ! SMALL REVOLUTION>Y M9ORITY AMONG ! 9DU/RIAL ELEM5T4 ,!Y HAD ADVOCAT$ ! ,CON/ITU5T ,ASSEMBLY1 & ONLY :5 !Y W]E CONV9C$ ?AT !Y W\LD NOT HAVE A MAJORITY !RE1 & !RE=E NOT BE ABLE TO TAKE ,/ATE P[] 9TO !IR [N H&S1 !Y SUDD5LY DECID$ UPON ! DISSOLUTION ( ! ,ASSEMBLY1 ?\< ! /EP WAS A REFUTATION & A D5IAL ( FUNDAM5TAL ,M>XI/ PR9CIPLES4 7,9CID5TALLY1 IT WAS AN ,AN>*I/1 ,ANATOLY ,ZHELEZNYAKOV 9 *>GE ( ! PALACE GU>D1 :O TOOK ! 9ITIATIVE 9 ! MATT]74 ,AS ,M>XI/S1 ! ,BOL%EVIKI 9SI/$ ON ! NATIONALIZATION ( ! L&3 [N]%IP1 DI/RIBUTION & CONTROL TO BE 9 ! H&S ( ! ,/ATE4 ,!Y W]E 9 PR9CIPLE OPPOS$ TO SOCIALIZATION1 & ONLY ! PRESSURE ( ! ,LEFT FACTION ( ! ,SOCIAL-,REVOLUTIONI/S 7! ,SPIRIDONOVA-,KAMKOV W+7 :OSE 9FLU5CE AMONG ! PEASANTRY WAS TRADITIONAL1 =C$ ! ,BOL%EVIKI TO 0SWALL[ ! AGR>IAN PROGRAM ( ! ,SOCIALI/-,REVOLUTIONI/S :OLE01 AS ,L59 AFT]W>DS PUT IT4 ,FROM ! FIR/ DAYS ( !IR ACCESSION TO POLITICAL P[] ! ,M>XI/ T5D5CIES ( ! ,BOL%EVIKI BEGAN TO MANIFE/ !MSELVES1 TO ! DETRIM5T ( ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC DI/RU/ ( ! PEASANTRY 9FLU5C$ !IR ME?ODS & MEASURES4 ,AT ! ,ALL-,RUSSIAN ,CONF]5CES ! PEASANTS DID NOT RECEIVE EQUAL REPRES5TATION ) ! 9DU/RIAL WORK]S4 ,NOT ONLY ! VILLAGE SPECULATOR & EXPLOIT]1 BUT ! AGR>IAN POPULATION1 AS A :OLE WAS BR&$ BY ! ,BOL%EVIKI AS 0 PETTY BOSSES0 & 0B\RGEOIS01 0UNABLE TO KEEP /EP ) ! PROLET>IAT ON ! ROAD TO SOCIALISM04 ,! ,BOL%EVIK GOV]NM5T DISCRIM9AT$ AGA9/ ! PEASANT REPRES5TATIVES 9 ! ,SOVIETS & AT ! ,NATIONAL ,CONF]5CES1 S\R[$ ! SCOPE & ACTIVITIES ( ! ,L& ,COMMISS>IAT1 !N BY F> ! MO/ VITAL FACTOR 9 ! RECON/RUCTION ( ,RUSSIA4 7,! ,COMMISS>IAT WAS !N PRESID$ OV] BY A ,LEFT ,SOCIAL-,REVOLUTIONI/74 ,9EVITABLY ?IS ATTITUDE L$ TO MU* DISSATISFACTION ON ! P>T ( ! GREAT PEASANT MASSES4 ,! ,RUSSIAN MUZHIK IS SIMPLE & NAIVE1 BUT ) ! 9/9CT ( ! PRIMITIVE MAN HE QUICKLY S5SES A WRONG3 NO F9E DIALECTICS CAN BUDGE HIS ONCE SETTL$ CONVICTION4 ,! V]Y CORN]/ONE ( ! M>XIAN CR$O1 ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT1 S]V$ AS AN AFFRONT & AN 9JURY TO ! PEASANTRY4 ,!Y DEM&$ AN EQUAL %>E 9 ! ORGANIZATION & ADM9I/RATION ( ! AFFAIRS ( ! C\NTRY4 ,HAD !Y NOT BE5 5SLAV$1 OPPRESS$ & IGNOR$ LONG 5\<8 ,! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT ! PEASANT RES5T$ AS DISCRIM9ATION AGA9/ HIMSELF4 0,IF DICTATOR%IP MU/ BE01 HE >GU$1 0:Y NOT ( ALL :O LABOR1 ( ! T[N WORK] & ( ! PEASANT1 TOGE!R80 ,!N CAME ! ,BRE/-,LITOVSK PEACE4 ,9 ITS F>-REA*+ RESULTS IT PROV$ ! DEA? BL[ TO ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,TWO MON?S PREVI\SLY1 9 ,DECEMB]1 #a#i#a#g1 ,TROTSKY HAD REFUS$1 ) A F9E GE/URE ( NOBLE 9DIGNATION1 ! PEACE (F]$ BY ,G]MANY ON CONDITIONS MU* MORE FAVORABLE TO ,RUSSIA4 0,WE WAGE NO W>1 WE SIGN NO PEACE60 HE HAD SAID1 & REVOLUTION>Y ,RUSSIA APPLAUD$ HIM4 0,NO COMPROMISE ) ,G]MAN IMP]IALISM1 NO CONCESSIONS01 E*O$ ?R\< ! L5G? & BREAD? ( ! C\NTRY1 & ! PEOPLE /OOD READY TO DEF5D !IR ,REVOLUTION TO ! V]Y DEA?1 ,BUT N[ ,L59 DEM&$ ! RATIFICATION ( A PEACE ?AT MEANT ! MO/ MEAN-SPIRIT$ BETRAYAL ( ! GREAT] P>T ( ,RUSSIA1 ,F9L&1 ,LATVIA1 ,LI?UANIA1 ,UKRA9A1 ,:ITE ,RUSSIA1 ,BESS>ABIA - ALL W]E TO BE TURN$ OV] TO ! OPPRESSION & EXPLOITATION ( ! ,G]MAN 9VAD] & ( !IR [N B\RGEOISIE4 ,IT WAS A MON/R\S ?+ - ! SACRIFICE AT ONCE ( ! PR9CIPLES ( ! ,REVOLUTION & ( ITS 9T]E/S AS WELL4 ,L59 9SI/$ ON RATIFICATION1 ON ! GR\ND ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION NE$$ A 0BREA?+ SPELL01 ?AT ,RUSSIA WAS EXHAU/$1 & ?AT PEACE W\LD 5ABLE ! 0REVOLUTION>Y OASIS0 TO GA!R /R5G? = NEW EF=T4 ,RADEK D5\NC$ ACCEPTANCE ( ,BRE/-,LITVOSK CONDITIONS AS BETRAYAL ( ! ,OCTOB] ,REVOLUTION4 ,TROTSKY DISAGRE$ ) ,L594 ,! REVOLUTION>Y =CES SPLIT4 ,! ,LEFT ,SOCIAL-,REVOLUTIONI/S1 MO/ ( ! ,AN>*I/S & MANY ( ! NONP>TISAN REVOLUTION>Y ELEM5TS W]E BITT]LY OPPOS$ TO MAK+ PEACE ) IMP]IALISM1 ESPECIALLY ON ! T]MS DICTAT$ !N BY ,G]MANY4 ,!Y DECL>$ ?AT SU* A PEACE W\LD BE FATAL TO ! ,REVOLUTION2 ?AT ! PR9CIPLE ( 0PEACE )\T ANNEXATIONS0 MU/ NOT BE SACRIFIC$2 ?AT ! ,G]MAN CONDITIONS 9VOLV$ ! BASE/ TREA*]Y TO ! WORK]S & PEASANTS ( ! PROV9CES DEM&$ BY ! ,PRUSSIANS2 ?AT ! PEACE W\LD SUBJECT ! :OLE ( ,RUSSIA TO ECONOMIC & POLITICAL DEP5D5CE UPON ,G]MAN ,IMP]IALISM1 ?AT ! 9VAD]S W\LD POSSESS !MSELVES ( ! ,UKRA9AN BREAD & ! ,DON COAL1 & DRIVE ,RUSSIA TO 9DU/RIAL RU94 ,BUT ,L59'S 9FLU5CE WAS POT5T4 ,HE PREVAIL$4 ,! ,BRE/-,LITVOSK TREATY WAS RATIFI$ BY ! #d? ,SOVIET ,CONGRESS4 ,IT WAS ,TROTSKY :O FIR/ ASS]T$ 9 REFUS+ ! ,G]MAN PEACE T]MS (F]$ 9 ,DECEMB]1 #a#i#a#g1 ?AT ! WORK]S & PEASANTS1 9SPIR$ & >M$ BY ! ,REVOLUTION1 C\LD BY GU]RILLA W>F>E OV]COME ANY >MY ( 9VASION4 ,! ,LEFT ,SOCIAL-,REVOLUTIONI/S N[ CALL$ = PEASANT UPRIS+S TO OPPOSE ! ,G]MANS1 CONFID5T ?AT NO >MY C\LD CONQU] ! REVOLUTION>Y >DOR ( A PEOPLE FIMY TO PURSUE & SUPPRESS !SE P>TISAN UNITS4 ,! KILL+ ( ,MIRBA* FOLL[$4 ,IT WAS ! PROTE/ ( ! ,LEFT ,SOCIAL-,REVOLUTIONI/S ,P>TY AGA9/1 & ! DEFIANCE (1 ,PRUSSIAN IMP]IALISM )9 ,RUSSIA4 ,! ,BOL%EVIK GOV]NM5T 9ITIAT$ REPRESSIVE MEASURES3 IT N[ FELT ITSELF1 AS IT W]E1 UND] OBLIGATIONS TO ,G]MANY4 ,DZ]ZH9SKY1 HEAD ( ! ,ALL-,RUSSIAN ,EXTRAORD9>Y ,COMMISSION1 DEM&$ ! DELIV]Y ( ! T]RORI/4 ,IT WAS A SITUATION UNIQUE 9 REVOLUTION>Y ANNALS3 A REVOLUTION>Y P>TY 9 P[] DEM&+ ( ANO!R REVOLUTION>Y P>TY1 ) :I* IT HAD TILL !N COOP]AT$ ! >RE/ & PUNI%M5T ( A REVOLUTIONI/ = EXECUT+ ! REPRES5TATIVE ( AN IMP]IALI/ GOV]NM5T6 ,! ,BRE/-,LITVOSK PEACE HAD PUT ! ,BOL%EVIKI 9 ! ANOMAL\S POSITION ( A G5D>ME = ! ,KAIS]4 ,! ,LEFT ,SOCIAL-,REVOLUTIONI/S REPLI$ TO ,DZ]ZH9SKY' DEM& BY >RE/+ ! LATT]4 ,?IS ACT1 & ! >M$ SKIRMI%ES :I* FOLL[$ IT 7?\< 9SIGNIFICANT 9 !MSELVES7 W]E ?OR\$ ?AT IT WAS AN ATTEMPT ( ! ,LEFT ,SOCIAL-,REVOLUTIONI/ ,P>TY TO SEIZE ! RE9S ( GOV]NM5T4 ,!Y ANN\NC$ ?AT P>TY \TLAW$1 & !IR EXT]M9ATION BEGAN4 ,!SE ,BOL%EVIK ME?ODS & TACTICS W]E NOT ACCID5T AL4 ,SOON IT BECAME EVID5T ?AT IT IS ! SETTL$ POLICY ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,/ATE TO CRU% EV]Y =M ( EXPRESSION NOT 9 ACCORD ) ! GOV]NM5T4 ,AFT] ! RATIFICATION ( ! ,BRE/-,LITVOSK PEACE ! ,LEFT ,SOCIAL-,REVOLUTIONI/ ,P>TY )DREW ITS REPRES5TATIVE 9 ! ,SOVIET ( ,PEOPLE'S ,COMMISS>S ,! ,BOL%EVIKI ?US REMA9$ 9 EXCLUSIVE CONTROL ( ! GOV]NM5T4 ,UND] ONE PRETEXT & ANO!R !RE FOLL[$ MO/ >BITR>Y & CRUEL SUPPRESSION ( ALL ! O!R POLITICAL P>TIES & MOVEM5TS4 ,! ,M5%EVIKI & ! ,RIY ELEM5TS - ! ,LEFT ,SOCIAL-,REVOLUTIONI/S ! ,AN>*I/S1 ! NONP>TIZAN REVOLUTIONI/S4 ,BUT ! 0LIQUIDATION0 ( !SE 9VOLV$ MU* MORE ?AN ! SUPPRESSION ( SMALL POLITICAL GR\PS4 ,!SE REVOLUTION>Y ELEM5TS HAD /RONG FOLL[+S1 ! ,LEFT ,SOCIAL-,REVOLUTIONI/S AMONG ! PEASANTRY1 ! ,AN>*I/S MA9LY AMONG ! CITY PROLET>IAT4 ,! NEW ,BOL%EVIK TACTICS 5COMPASS$ SY/EMATIC ]ADICATION ( EV]Y SIGN ( DISSATISFACTION1 /IFL+ ALL CRITICISM & CRU%+ 9DEP5D5T OP9ION OR EF=T4 ,) ?IS PHASE ! ,BOL%EVIKI 5T] UPON ! DICTATOR%IP OV] ! PROLET>IAT1 AS IT IS POPUL>LY *>ACT]IZ$ 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,! GOV]NM5T'S ATTITUDE TO ! PEASANTRY IS N[ ?AT ( OP5 HO/ILITY4 ,MORE 9CREAS+LY IS VIOL5CE RESORT$ TO4 ,LABOR UNIONS >E DISSOLV$1 FREQU5TLY BY =CE1 :5 !IR LOYALTY TO ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY IS SUSPECT$4 ,! COOP]ATIVES >E ATTACK$4 ,?IS GREAT ORGANIZATION1 ! FRAT]NAL BOND BETWE5 CITY & C\NTRY1 :OSE ECONOMIC FUNCTIONS W]E SO VITAL TO ! 9T]E/S ( ,RUSSIA & ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 IS H9D]$ 9 ITS IMPORTANT WORK ( PRODUCTION1 EX*ANGE & DI/RIBUTION ( ! NECESS>IES ( LIFE1 IS DISORGANIZ$ 1 & F9ALLY COMPLETELY ABOLI%$4 ,>RE/S1 NI*ES1 ZASSADA 7H\SE BLOCKADE71 EXECUTIONS1 >E ! ORD] ( ! DAY4 ,! ,EXTRAORD9>Y ,COMMISSIONS 7,T*EKA71 ORIG9ALLY ORGANIZ$ TO FIE EV]Y:]E1 ALWAYS UNE>?+ 0PLOTS01 SIGNIFY+ ! RAZ/REL 7%OOT+7 ( HUNDR$S )\T HE>+1 TRIAL OR APPEAL4 ,FROM ! 9T5D$ DEF5SE ( ! ,REVOLUTION ! ,T*EKA BECOMES ! MO/ DREAD$ ORGANIZATION1 :OSE 9JU/ICE & CRUELTY SPREAD T]ROR OV] ! :OLE C\NTRY4 ,ALL-P[]FUL1 [+ NO ONE RESPONSIBILITY1 ! ,T*ECKA IS A LAW UNTO ITSELF1 POSSESSES ITS [N >MY1 ASSUMES POLICE1 JUDICIAL1 ADM9I/RATIVE & EXECUTIVE P[]S1 & MAKES ITS [N LAWS ?AT SUP]S$E ?OSE ( ! (FICIAL ,/ATE4 ,! PRISONS & CONC5TRATION CAMPS >E FILL$ ) ALLEG$ C\NT]-REVOLUTIONI/S & SPECULATORS1 #ie P] C5T ( :OM >E />V$ WORK]S1 SIMPLE PEASANTS1 & EV5 *ILDR5 ( #a TO #ad YE>S ( AGE4 7,SEE REPORTS ( PRISON 9VE/IGATIONS1 ,PETROGRAD 0,KRASNAYA ,GAZETTA0 & 0,PRAVDA02 ,MOSC[ 0,PRAVDA01 ,MAY1 ,JUNE1 ,JULY1 #a#i#b74 ,COMMUNISM BECOMES SYNONYM\S 9 ! POPUL> M9D ) ,T*EKISM1 ! LATT] ! EPITOME ( ALL ?AT IS VILE & BRUTAL4 ,! SE$ ( C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y FEEL+ IS S[N BROADCA/4 ,! O!R POLICIES ( ! 0REVOLUTION>Y GOV]NM5T0 KEEP /EP ) !SE DEVELOPM5TS4 ,ME*ANICAL C5TRALIZATION1 RUN MAD1 IS P>ALIS+ ! 9DU/RIAL & ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ( ! C\NTRY4 ,9ITIATIVE IS FR[N$ UPON1 FREE EF=T SY/EMATICALLY DISC\RAG$4 ,! GREAT MASSES >E DEPRIV$ ( ! OPPORTUNITY TO %APE ! POLICIES ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 OR TAKE P>T 9 ! ADM9I/RATION ( ! AFFAIRS ( ! C\NTRY4 ,! GOV]NM5T IS MONOPOLIZ+ EV]Y AV5UE ( LIFE3 ! ,REVOLUTION IS DIVORC$ FROM ! PEOPLE4 ,A BUREAUCRATIC MA*9E IS CREAT$ ?AT IS APPALL+ 9 ITS P>ASITISM1 9EFFICI5CY & CORRUPTION4 ,9 ,MOSC[ ALONE ?IS NEW CLASS ( SOVBURS 7,SOVIET BUREAUCRATS7 EXCE$S1 9 #a#i#b1 ! TOTAL ( (FICE HOLD]S ?R\<\T ! :OLE ( ,RUSSIA UND] ! ,CZ> 9 #a#i#a#d4 7,SEE (FICIAL REPORT ( 9VE/IGATION BY ,COMMITTEE ( ,MOSC[ ,SOVIET1 #a#i#b#a74 ,! ,BOL%EVIK ECONOMIC POLICIES1 EFFECTIVELY AID$ BY ?IS BUREAUCRACY1 COMPLETELY DISORGANIZE ! ALREADY CRIPPL$ 9DU/RIAL LIFE ( ! C\NTRY4 ,L591 ,Z9OVIEV1 & O!R ,COMMUNI/ LEAD]S ?UND] PHILIPPICS AGA9/ ! NEW ,SOVIET B\RGEOISIE1 - & ISSUE EV] NEW DECREES ?AT /R5G!N & AUGM5T ITS NUMB]S & 9FLU5CE4 ,! SY/EM ( Y$9OLIT*IYE IS 9TRODUC$3 MANAGEM5T BY ONE P]SON4 ,L59 HIMSELF IS ITS ORIG9ATOR & *IEF ADVOCATE4 ,H5CE=? ! %OP1 & FACTORY COMMITTEES >E TO BE ABOLI%$1 /RIPP$ ( ALL P[]4 ,EV]Y MILL1 M9E1 & FACTORY1 ! RAILROADS & ALL ! O!R 9DU/RIES >E TO BE MANAG$ BY A S+LE HEAD1 A 0SPECIALI/01 - & ! OLD ,CZ>I/ B\RGEOISIE IS 9VIT$ TO /EP 94 ,! =M] BANK]S1 B\RSE OP]ATORS1 MILL [N]S & FACTORY BOSSES BECOME ! MANAG]S1 9 FULL CONTROL ( ! 9DU/RIES1 ) ABSOLUTE P[] OV] ! WORK]S4 ,!Y >E VE/$ ) AU?ORITY TO HIRE1 EMPLOY & DIS*>GE ! 0H&S01 TO GIVE OR DEPRIVE !M ( ! PAYOK 7FOOD RATION71 EV5 TO PUNI% !M & TURN !M OV] TO ! ,T*EKA4 ,! WORK]S1 :O HAD F\VE 9 ITS DEF5SE1 RES5T ?IS UNHE>D ( IMPOSITION4 ,!Y REG>D IT AS ! WOR/ BETRAYAL4 ,!Y REFUSE TO BE DOM9AT$ BY ! V]Y [N]S & =EM5 :OM !Y HAD DRIV51 9 ! DAYS ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 \T ( ! FACTORIES & :O HAD BE5 SO LORDLY & BRUTAL TO !M4 ,!Y HAVE NO 9T]E/ 9 SU* A RECON/RUCTION4 ,! 0NEW SY/EM01 H]ALD$ BY ,L59 AS ! SAVIOR ( ! 9DU/RIES1 RESULTS 9 ! COMPLETE P>ALYZES ( ! ECONOMIC LIFE ( ,RUSSIA1 DRIVES ! WORK]S 5 MASSE FROM ! FACTORIES1 & FILLS !M ) BITT]NESS & HATR$ ( EV]Y?+ 0SOCIALI/IC04 ,! PR9CIPLES & TACTICS ( ,M>XIAN ME*ANIZATION ( ! ,REVOLUTION >E SEAL+ ITS DOOM4 ,! FANATICAL DELUSION ?AT A LITTLE CONSPIRATIVE GR\P1 AS IT W]E1 C\LD A*IEVE A FUNDAM5TAL SOCIAL TRANS=MATION PROV$ ! ,FRANK5/E9 ( ! ,BOL%EVIKI4 ,IT L$ !M TO 9CR$IBLE DEP?S ( 9FAMY & B>B>ISM4 ,! ME?ODS ( SU* A !ORY1 ITS 9EVITABLE MEANS1 >E TW(OLD3 DECREES & T]ROR4 ,NEI!R ( !SE DID ! ,BOL%EVIKI SP>E4 ,AS ,BUKH>91 ! =EMO/ IDEOLOGUE ( ! MILITANT ,COMMUNI/S TAUY1 H>MFUL4 ,! C5TRAL GOV]NM5T IS ! DEPOSITORY ( ALL KN[L$GE & WISDOM4 ,IT WILL DO EV]Y?+4 ,! SOLE DUTY ( ! CITIZ5 IS OB$I5CE4 ,! WILL ( ! ,/ATE IS SUPREME4 ,/RIPP$ ( F9E PHRASES1 9T5D$ MO/LY = ,WE/]N CONSUMPTION1 ?IS WAS & IS ! PRACTICAL ATTITUDE ( ! ,BOL%EVIK GOV]NM5T4 ,?IS GOV]NM5T1 ! REAL & ONLY ACTUAL GOV]NM5T ( ,RUSSIA1 CONSI/S ( FIVE P]SONS1 MEMB]S ( ! 9N] CIRCLE ( ! ,C5TRAL ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ( ,RUSSIA4 ,!SE 0,BIG ,FIVE0 >E OMNIPOT5T4 ,?IS GR\P1 9 ITS TRUE ESS5CE CONSPIRATORY1 HAS BE5 CONTROLL+ ! =TUNES ( ,RUSSIA & ( ! ,REVOLUTION S9CE ! ,BRE/-,LITVOSK PEACE4 ,:AT HAS HAPP5$ 9 ,RUSSIA S9CE1 HAS BE5 9 /RICT ACCORD ) ! ,BOL%EVIK 9T]PRETATION ( ,M>XISM4 ,?AT ,M>XISM1 REFLECT$ ?R\< ! ,COMMUNI/ 9N] CIRCLE'S MEGALOMANIA ( OMNISCI5CE & OMNIPOT5CE1 HAS A*IEV$ ! PRES5T DEBACLE ( ,RUSSIA4 ,9 CONSONANCE ) !IR !ORY1 ! SOCIAL FUNDAM5TALS ( ! ,OCTOB] ,REVOLUTION HAVE BE5 DELIB]ATELY DE/ROY$4 ,! ULTIMATE OBJECT BE+ A P[]FULLY C5TRALIZ$ ,/ATE1 ) ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY 9 ABSOLUTE CONTROL1 ! POPUL> 9ITIATIVE & ! REVOLUTION>Y CREATIVE =CES ( ! MASSES HAD TO BE ELIM9AT$4 ,! ELECTIVE SY/EM WAS ABOLI%$1 FIR/ 9 ! >MY & NAVY1 !N 9 ! 9DU/RIES4 ,! ,SOVIETS ( PEASANTS & WORK]'S W]E CA/RAT$ & TRANS=M$ 9TO OB$I5T ,COMMUNI/ COMMITTEES1 ) ! DREAD$ SWORD ( ! ,T*EKA EV] HANG+ OV] !M4 ,! LABOR UNIONS GOV]NM5T ALIS$1 !IR PROP] ACTIVITIES SUPPRESS$1 !Y W]E TURN$ 9TO M]E TRANSMITT]S ( ! ORD]S ( ! ,/ATE4 ,UNIV]SAL MILIT>Y S]VICE1 C\PL$ ) ! DEA? P5ALTY = CONSCI5TI\S OBJECTORS2 5=C$ LABOR1 ) A VA/ (FICIALDOM = ! APPREH5SION & PUNI%M5T (1 0DES]T]S02 AGR>IAN & 9DU/RIAL CONSCRIPTION ( ! PEASANTRY2 MILIT>Y ,COMMUNISM 9 ! CITIES & ! SY/EM ( REQUISITION+ 9 ! C\NTRY1 *>ACT]IZ$ BY ,RADEK AS SIMPLY GRA9 PLUND]+ 7,9T]NATIONAL ,PRESS ,CORRESPOND5CE1 ,5GLI% $ITION1 VOL4 #a1 ,NO4 #a#g72 ! SUPPRESSION ( WORK]S' PROTE/S BY ! USE ( ! MILIT>Y2 ! CRU%+ ( PEASANT DISSATISFACTION ) AN IRON H&1 EV5 TO ! EXT5T ( :IPP+ ! PEASANTS & RAZ+ !IR VILLAGES ) >TILL]Y - 79 ! ,URAL1 ,VOLGA & ,KUBAN DI/RICTS1 9 ,SIB]IA & ! ,UKRA9A7 - ?IS *>ACT]IZ$ ! ATTITUDE ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,/ATE T[>D ! PEOPLE1 ?IS COMPRIS$ ! 0CON/RUCTIVE SOCIAL & ECONOMIC POLICIES0 ( ! ,BOL%EVIKI4 ,/ILL ! ,RUSSIAN PEASANTS & WORK]S1 PRIZ+ ! ,REVOLUTION = :I* !Y HAD SUFF]$ SO MU*1 KEPT BRAVELY FIY FRONTS4 ,!Y W]E DEF5D+ ! ,REVOLUTION1 AS !Y ?\V$1 FROZE1 & DI$ BY ! ?\S&S1 9 ! FOND HOPE ?AT ! T]RIBLE ?+S ! ,COMMUNI/S DID W\LD SOON CEASE4 ,! ,BOL%EVIK HORRORS W]E1 SOMEH[ - ! SIMPLE ,RUSSIAN ?\S WILL AT LA/ BE OV] - ! PEOPLE NAIVELY E*O$ ! (FICIAL PRESS - ! ,BOL%EVIKI WILL SURELY RETURN TO ! REVOLUTION>Y PA? !Y 5T]$ 9 ,OCTOB]1 #a#i#a#g1 ! PA? ! W>S HAD =C$ !M TEMPOR>ILY TO =SAKE4 ,! MASSES HOP$ & - 5DUR$4 ,& !N1 AT LA/1 ! W>S W]E 5D$4 ,RUSSIA DREW AN ALMO/ AUDIBLE SI< ( RELIEF1 RELIEF PALPITAT+ ) DEEP HOPE4 ,IT WAS ! CRUCIAL MOM5T3 ! GREAT TE/ HAD COME4 ,! S\L ( A NATION WAS A-QUIV]4 ,TO BE OR NOT TO BE8 ,& !N FULL REALIZATION CAME4 ,! PEOPLE /OOD A?+ MORE 0CONSPIRACIES01 EXECUTIONS W]E TAK+ PLACE AS BE=E4 ,T]RORISM WAS RAMPANT4 ,! NEW ,BOL%EVIK B\RGEOISIE LORD$ IT OV] ! WORK]S & ! PEASANTS1 (FICIAL CORRUPTION WAS VA/ & OP51 HUGE FOOD SUPPLIES W]E ROTT+ ?R\< ,BOL%EVIK 9EFFICI5CY & C5TRALIZ$ ,/ATE MONOPOLY1 - & ! PEOPLE W]E />V+4 ,! ,PETROGRAD WORK]S1 ALWAYS 9 ! =EFRONT ( REVOLUTION>Y EF=T1 W]E ! FIR/ TO VOICE !IR DISSATISFACTION & PROTE/4 ,! ,KRON/ADT SAILORS1 UPON 9VE/IGATION ( ! DEM&S ( ! ,PETROGRAD PROLET>IAT1 DECL>$ !MSELVES SOLID>IC ) ! WORK]S4 ,9 !IR TURN !Y ANN\NC$ !IR /& = FREE ,SOVIETS1 ,SOVIETS FREE FROM ,COMMUNI/ CO]CION1 ,SOVIETS ?AT %\LD 9 REALITY REPRES5T ! REVOLUTION>Y MASSES & VOICE !IR NE$S4 ,9 ! MIDDLE PROV9CES ( ,RUSSIA1 9 ! ,UKRA9A1 ON ! ,CAUCASUS1 9 ,SIB]IA1 EV]Y:]E ! PEOPLE MADE KN[N !IR WANTS1 VOIC$ !IR GRIEVANCES1 9=M$ ! GOV]NM5T ( !IR DEM&S4 ,! ,BOL%EVIK ,/ATE REPLI$ ) ITS USUAL >GUM5T 3 ! ,KRON/ADT SAILORS W]E DECIMAT$1 ! 0B&ITS0 ( ,UKRA9A MASSACR$1 ! 0REBELS0 ( ! ,EA/ LAID L[ ) MA*9E GUNS1 ,?IS DONE1 ,L59 ANN\NC$ AT ! ,X4 ,CONGRESS ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ( ,RUSSIA 7,M>*1 #a#i#b#a7 ?AT HIS =M] POLICIES W]E ALL WRONG4 ,! RAZVYOR/KA1 ! REQUISITION ( FOOD1 WAS PURE ROBB]Y4 ,MILIT>Y VIOL5CE AGA9/ ! PEASANTRY A 0S]I\S MI/AKE04 ,! WORK]S MU/ RECEIVE SOME CONSID]ATION4 ,! ,SOVIET BUREAUCRACY IS CORRUPT & CRIM9AL1 A HUGE P>ASITE4 0,! ME?ODS WE HAVE BE5 US+ HAVE FAIL$40 ,! PEOPLE1 ESPECIALLY ! RURAL POPULATION1 >E NOT YET UP TO ! LEVEL ( ,COMMUNI/ PR9CIPLES4 ,PRIVATE [N]%IP MU/ BE RE-9TRODUC$ FREE TRADE E/ABLI%$4 ,H5CE=? ! BE/ ,COMMUNI/ IS HE :O CAN DRIVE ! BE/ B>GA94 7,L59'S EXPRESSION74 ,V ,BACK TO ,CAPITALISM6 ,! PRES5T SITUATION 9 ,RUSSIA IS MO/ ANOMAL\S4 ,ECONOMICALLY IT IS A COMB9ATION ( ,/ATE & PRIVATE CAPITALISM4 ,POLITICALLY IT REMA9S ! 0DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT0 OR1 MORE CORRECTLY1 ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! 9N] CIRCLE ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,! PEASANTRY HAS =C$ ! ,BOL%EVIKI TO MAKE CONCESSIONS TO IT4 ,=CIBLE REQUISITION+ IS ABOLI%$4 ,ITS PLACE HAS TAK5 ! TAX 9 K9D1 A C]TA9 P]C5TAGE ( ! PEASANT PRODUCE GO+ TO ! GOV]NM5T4 ,FREE TRADE HAS BE5 LEGALIZ$1 & ! F>M] MAY N[ EX*ANGE OR SELL HIS SURPLUS TO ! GOV]NM5T1 TO ! REE/ABLI%$ COOP]ATIVES OR ON ! OP5 M>KET4 ,! NEW ECONOMIC POLICY OP5S WIDE ! DOOR ( EXPLOITATION4 ,IT SANCTIONS ! RIM] MAY N[ PR(IT BY HIS SUCCESSFUL CROPS1 R5T MORE L&1 & EXPLOIT ! LABOR ( ?OSE PEASANTS :O HAVE LITTLE L& & NO HORSES TO WORK IT )4 ,! %ORTAGE ( CATTLE & BAD H>VE/S 9 SOME P>TS ( ! C\NTRY HAVE CREAT$ A NEW CLASS ( 0F>M H&S0 :O HIRE !MSELVES \T TO ! WELL-TO-DO PEASANT4 ,! POOR PEOPLE MIGRATE FROM ?OSE REGIONS :I* >E SUFF]+ FROM FAM9E & SWELL ! RANKS ( ?IS CLASS4 ,! VILLAGE CAPITALI/ IS 9 ! MAK+4 ,! CITY WORK] 9 ,RUSSIA TODAY1 UND] ! NEW ECONOMIC POLICY1 IS 9 EXACTLY ! SAME POSITION AS 9 ANY O!R CAPITALI/IC C\NTRY4 ,FREE FOOD DI/RIBUTION IS ABOLI%$ EXCEPT 9 A FEW 9DU/RIES OP]AT$ BY ! GOV]NM5T1 ,! WORK] IS PAID WAGES1 & MU/ PAY = HIS NECESS>IES - AS 9 ANY C\NTRY4 ,MO/ ( ! 9DU/RIES1 9 SO F> AS !Y >E ACTIVE1 HAVE BE5 LET OR LEAS$ TO PRIVATE P]SONS4 ,! SMALL CAPITALI/ N[ HAS A FREE H&4 ,HE HAS A L>GE FIELD = HIS ACTIVITIES4 ,! F>M]'S SURPLUS1 ! PRODUCT ( ! 9DU/RIES1 ( ! PEASANT TRADES1 & ( ALL ! 5T]PRISES ( PRIVATE [N]%IP1 >E SUBJECT TO ! ORD9>Y PROCESSES ( BUS9ESS1 CAN BE B\IAT04 ,! UNNATURAL ALLIANCE BETWE5 ! LATT] & =EIGN CAPITALISM WILL 9 ! NE> FUTURE PROVE ANO!R VITAL FACTOR 9 ! FATE ( ,RUSSIA4 ,! ,BOL%EVIK GOV]NM5T /ILL /RIVES TO UPHOLD ! DANG]\S DELUSION ?AT ! 0REVOLUTION IS PROGRESS+01 ?AT ,RUSSIA IS 0RUL$ BY PROLET>IAN SOVIETS01 ?AT ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY & ITS ,/ATE >E ID5TICAL ) ! PEOPLE4 ,IT IS /ILL SPEAK+ 9 ! NAME ( ! 0PROLET>IAT04 ,IT IS SEEK+ TO DUPE ! PEOPLE ) A NEW *IM]A4 ,AFT] A:ILE - ! ,BOL%EVIKI N[ PRET5D - :5 ,RUSSIA %ALL HAVE BECOME 9DU/RIALLY RESURRECT$1 ?R\< ! A*IEVEM5TS ( \R FA/ GR[+ CAPITALISM1 ! 0PROLET>IAN DICTATOR%IP0 WILL ALSO HAVE GR[N /RONG1 & WE WILL RETURN TO NATIONALIZATION4 ,! ,/ATE WILL !N SY/EMATICALLY1 CURTAIL & SUPPLANT ! PRIVATE 9DU/RIES & ?US BREAK ! P[] ( ! MEAN:ILE DEVELOP$ B\RGEOISIE4 0,AFT] A P]IOD ( P>TIAL D5ATIONALIZATION A /RONG] NATIONALIZATION BEG9S01 SAYS ,PREOBRAZH5SKY1 ,F9ANCE ,COMMISS>1 9 HIS REC5T >TICLE1 0,! ,P]SPECTIVES ( ! ,NEW ,ECONOMIC ,POLICY04 ,!N WILL 0,SOCIALISM BE VICTORI\S ON ! 5TIRE FRONT0 7IBID74 ,RADEK IS LESS DIPLOMATIC4 0,WE C]TA9LY DO NOT MEAN01 HE ASSURES US 9 HIS POLITICAL ANALYSIS ( ! ,RUSSIAN SITUATION1 5TITL$ 0,IS ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION A ,B\RGEOIS ,REVOLUTION80 7,I4,P4,C41 ,DEC4 #a#f1 #a#i#b#a7 0?AT AT ! 5D ( A YE> WE %ALL AGA9 CONFISCATE ! NEWLY ACCUMULAT$ GOODS4 ,\R ECONOMIC POLICY IS BAS$ UPON A LONG] P]IOD ( TIME4 4 4 4 ,WE >E CONSCI\SLY PREP>+ \RSELVES = COOP]AT+ ) ! B\RGEOISIE2 ?IS IS UND\BT$LY DANG]\S TO ! EXI/5CE ( ! ,SOVIET GOV]NM5T1 BECAUSE ! LATT] LOSES ! MONOPOLY ON 9DU/RIAL PRODUCTION AS AGA9/ ! PEASANTRY4 ,DOES NOT ?IS SIGNIFY ! DECISIVE VICTORY ( CAPITALISM8 ,MAY WE NOT !N SPEAK ( \R REVOLUTION AS HAV+ LO/ ITS REVOLUTION>Y *>ACT]8 4 4 4'6 ,TO !SE V]Y TIMELY & SIGNIFICANT QUE/IONS ,RADEK *E]FULLY REPLIES ) A CATEGORIC ,NO6 ,IT IS TRUE1 ( C\RSE1 AS ,M>X TAUIAN 0DICTATOR0 A COMMON1 EV]YDAY WAGE SLAVE1 LIKE HIS BRO!R 9 C\NTRIES UNBLESS$ ) ,SOCIALI/ DICTATOR%IP4 ,! CURTAILM5T ( ! GOV]NM5T'S NATIONAL MONOPOLY HAS RESULT$ 9 ! ?R[+ ( HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S ( M5 & WOM5 \T ( WORK4 ,MANY ,SOVIET 9/ITUTIONS HAVE BE5 CLOS$2 ! REMA9+ ONES HAVE DIS*>G$ FROM #e TO #ge P] C5T ( !IR EMPLOYES4 ,! L>GE 9FLUX TO ! CITIES ( PEASANTS & VILLAG]S RU9$ BY ! RAZVYOR/KA1 & ?OSE FLEE+ FROM ! FAM9E DI/RICTS1 HAS PRODUC$ AN UNEMPLOYM5T PROBLEM ( ?REAT5+ SCOPE4 ,! REVIVAL ( ! 9DU/RIAL LIFE ?R\< PRIVATE CAPITAL IS A V]Y SL[ PROCESS1 DUE TO ! G5]AL LACK ( CONFID5CE 9 ! ,BOL%EVIK ,/ATE & ITS PROMISES4 ,BUT :5 ! 9DU/RIES WILL AGA9 BEG9 TO FUNCTION MORE OR LESS SY/EMATICALLY1 ,RUSSIA WILL FACE A V]Y DIFFICULT & COMPLEX LABOR SITUATION4 ,LABOR ORGANIZATIONS1 TRADE UNIONS1 DO NOT EXI/ 9 ,RUSSIA1 SO F> AS ! LEGITIMATE ACTIVITIES ( SU* BODIES >E CONC]N$4 ,! ,BOL%EVIKI ABOLI%$ !M LONG AGO4 ,) DEVELOP+ PRODUCTION & CAPITALISM1 GOV]NM5TAL AS WELL AS PRIVATE1 ,RUSSIA WILL SEE ! RISE ( A NEW PROLET>IAT :OSE 9T]E/S MU/ NATURALLY COME 9TO CONFLICT ) ?OSE ( ! EMPLOY+ CLASS4 ,A BITT] /RUGGLE IS IMM95T4 ,A /RUGGLE ( A TW(OLD NATURE3 AGA9/ ! PRIVATE CAPITALI/1 & AGA9/ ! ,/ATE AS AN EMPLOY] ( LABOR4 ,IT IS EV5 PROBABLE ?AT ! SITUATION MAY DEVELOP /ILL ANO!R PHASE3 ANTAGONISM ( ! WORK]S EMPLOY$ 9 ! ,/ATE-[N$ 9DU/RIES T[>D ! BETT]-PAID WORK]S ( PRIVATE CONC]NS4 ,:AT WILL BE ! ATTITUDE ( ! ,BOL%EVIK GOV]NM5T8 ,! OBJECT ( ! NEW ECONOMIC-POLICY IS TO1 5C\RAGE1 9 EV]Y WAY POSSIBLE1 ! DEVELOPM5T ( PRIVATE 5T]PRISE & TO ACCEL]ATE ! GR[? ( 9DU/RIALISM4 ,%OPS1 M9ES1 FACTORIES & MILLS HAVE ALREADY BE5 LEAS$ TO CAPITALI/S4 ,LABOR DEM&S HAVE A T5D5CY TO CURTAIL PR(ITS2 !Y 9T]F]E ) ! 0ORD]LY PROCESSES0 ( BUS9ESS4 ,& AS = /RIKES1 !Y H&ICAP PRODUCTION1 P>ALISE 9DU/RY4 ,%ALL NOT ! 9T]E/S ( ,CAPITAL & ,LABOR BE DECL>$ SOLID>IC 9 ,BOL%EVIK ,RUSSIA8 ,! 9DU/RIAL & AGR>IAN EXPLOITATION ( ,RUSSIA1 UND] ! NEW ECONOMIC POLICY1 MU/ 9EVITABLY LEAD TO ! GR[? ( A P[]FUL LABOR MOVEM5T4 ,! WORK]S' ORGANIZATIONS WILL UNITE & SOLIDIFY ! CITY PROLET>IAT ) ! AGR>IAN POOR1 9 ! COMMON DEM& = BETT] LIV+ CONDITIONS4 ,FROM ! PRES5T TEMP] ( ! ,RUSSIAN WORK]1 N[ 5RI*$ BY HIS F\R YE>S' EXP]I5CE ( ! ,BOL%EVIK REGIME1 IT MAY BE ASSUM$ ) CONSID]ABLE DEGREE ( PROBABILITY ?AT ! COM+ LABOR MOVEM5T ( ,RUSSIA WILL DEVELOP ALONG SYNDICALI/ L9ES4 ,! S5TIM5T IS /RONG AMONG ! ,RUSSIAN WORK]S4 ,! PR9CIPLES & ME?ODS ( REVOLUTION>Y SYNDICALISM >E NOT UNFAMILI> TO !M4 ,! EFFECTIVE WORK ( ! FACTORY & %OP COMMITTEES1 ! FIR/ TO 9ITIATE ! 9DU/RIAL EXPROPRIATION ( ! B\RGEOISIE 9 #a#i#a#g1 IS AN 9SPIR+ MEMORY /ILL FRE% 9 ! M9DS ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,EV5 9 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ITSELF1 AMONG ITS LABOR ELEM5TS1 ! SYNDICALI/ IDEA IS POPUL>4 ,! FAM\S ,LABOR ,OPPOSITION1 L$ BY ,%LIAPNIKOV & ,MME4 ,KOLONTAY )9 ! ,P>TY1 IS ESS5TIALLY SYNDICALI/IC4 ,:AT ATTITUDE WILL ! ,BOL%EVIK GOV]NM5T TAKE TO ! LABOR MOVEM5T AB\T TO DEVELOP 9 ,RUSSIA1 BE IT :OLLY OR EV5 ONLY P>TLY SYNDICALI/IC8 ,TILL N[ ! ,/ATE HAS BE5 ! MORTAL 5EMY ( LABOR SYNDICALISM )9 ,RUSSIA1 ?\< 5C\RAG+ IT 9 O!R C\NTRIES4 ,AT ! ,X4 ,CONGRESS ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY 7,M>*1 #a#i#b#a7 ,L59 DECL>$ M]CILESS W>F>E AGA9/ ! FA9TE/ SYMPTOM ( SYNDICALI/ T5D5CIES1 & EV5 ! DISCUSSION ( SYNDICALI/ !ORIES WAS =BIDD5 ! ,COMMUNI/S1 ON PA9 ( EXCLUSION FROM ! ,P>TY4 7,SEE (FICIAL ,REPORT1 ,X4 ,CONGRESS74 ,A NUMB] ( ! ,LABOR ,OPPOSITION W]E >RE/$ & IMPRISON$4 ,IT IS NOT TO BE LIIS+ \T ( A REAL LABOR MOVEM5T UND] ,BOL%EVIK AUTOCRACY4 ,!Y 9VOLVE PR9CIPLES ( ,M>XIAN C5TRALIZATION1 ! FUNCTION+ ( TRADE OR 9DU/RIAL UNIONS 9DEP5D5T ( ! OMNIPOT5T GOV]NM5T1 & ACTIVE OPPOSITION TO PRIVATE CAPITALISM4 ,BUT NOT ONLY ! BIG & SMALL CAPITALI/ WILL ! WORK]S ( ,RUSSIA SOON HAVE TO FIACT] ( ! PRES5T ,BOL%EVIK PHASE1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO REALIZE ?AT ! SO-CALL$ 0NEW ECONOMIC POLICY0 IS NEI!R NEW NOR ECONOMIC1 PROP]LY CONSID]$4 ,IT IS OLD POLITICAL ,M>XISM1 ! EXCLUSIVE F\NTA9-HEAD ( ,BOL%EVIK WISDOM4 ,AS SOCIAL-DEMOCRATS !Y HAVE REMA9$ FAI?FUL TO !IR BIBLE4 ,ONLY A C\NTRY :]E CAPITALISM IS MO/ HIXIAN FAI?4 ,! ,BOL%EVIKI1 >E AB\T TO APPLY IT TO ,RUSSIA4 ,TRUE1 9 ! ,OCTOB] DAYS ( ! ,REVOLUTION !Y REPEAT$LY DEVIAT$ FROM ! /RAIR[ PA? ( ,M>X4 ,NOT BECAUSE !Y D\BT$ ! PROPHET4 ,BY NO MEANS4 ,RA!R ?AT ,L59 & HIS GR\P1 POLITICAL OPPORTUNI/S1 HAD BE5 =C$ BY IRRESI/IBLE POPUL> ASPIRATION TO /E] A TRULY REVOLUTION>Y C\RSE4 ,BUT ALL ! TIME !Y HUNG ON TO ! SKIRTS ( ,M>X1 & S\XIAN *ANNELS4 ,AS ,RADEK NAIVELY REM9DS US1 0ALREADY 9 ,APRIL1 #a#i#a#h1 9 A SPEE* BY COMRADE ,L591 ! ,SOVIET GOV]NM5T ATTEMPT$ TO DEF9E \R NEXT TASKS & TO PO9T \T ! WAY :I* WE N[ DESIGNATE AS ! NEW ECONOMIC POLICY04 7,I4 ,P4 ,C41 ,VOL4 #a1,NO4 #a#g74 ,SIGNIFICANT ADMISSION6 ,9 TRU?1 PRES5T ,BOL%EVIK POLICIES >E ! CONT9UATION ( ! GOOD OR?ODOX ,BOL%EVIK ,M>XISM ( #a#i#a#h4 ,BOL%EVIK LEAD]S N[ ADMIT ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION1 9 ITS PO/-,OCTOB] DEVELOPM5TS1 WAS ONLY POLITICAL1 NOT SOCIAL4 ,! ME*ANICAL C5TRALIZATION ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,/ATE - IT MU/ BE EMPHASIZ$ - PROV$ FATAL TO ! ECONOMIC & SOCIAL LIFE ( ! C\NTRY4 ,VIOL5T P>TY DICTATOR%IP DE/ROY$ ! UNITY ( ! WORK]S & ! PEASANTS1 & CREAT$ A P]V]T$1 BUREAUCRATIC ATTITUDE TO REVOLUTION>Y RECON/RUCTION4 ,! COMPLETE D5IAL ( FREE SPEE* & CRITICISM1 NOT ONLY TO ! MASSES BUT EV5 TO ! RANK & FILE ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ITSELF1 RESULT$ 9 ITS UNDO+1 ?R\< ITS [N MI/AKES4 ,& N[8 ,BOL%EVIK ,M>XISM IS CONT9U+ 9 POOR ,RUSSIA ,BUT IT IS MON/R\SLY CRIM9AL TO PROLONG ?IS BLOODY ,COM$Y ( ,]RORS4 ,COMMUNI/ CON/RUCTION IS NOT POSSIBLE ALONGSIDE ( A SICKLY CAPITALISM1 >TIFICIALLY DEVELOP$4 ,?AT CAPITALISM CAN NEV] BE DE/ROY$ - AS ,L59 @& ,CO4 PRET5D TO BELIEVE - BY ! REGUL> PROCESSES ( ! ,BOL%EVIK ,/ATE GR[N ECONOMICALLY /RONG4 ,! 0NEW0 POLICIES >E !RE =E A DELUSION & A SN>E1 FUNDAM5TALLY REACTION>Y4 ,!SE POLICIES !MSELVES CREATE ! NECESSITY = ANO!R REVOLUTION4 ,MU/ TORTUR$ HUMANITY EV] TREAD ! SAME VICI\S CIRCLE8 ,OR WILL ! WORK]S AT LA/ LE>N ! GREAT LESSON ,( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION ?AT EV]Y GOV]NM5T1 :ATEV] ITS F9E NAME & NICE PROMISES IS BY ITS 9H]5T NATURE1 AS A GOV]NM5T1 DE/RUCTIVE ( ! V]Y PURPOSES ( ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION8 IT IS ! MISSION ( GOV]NM5T TO GOV]N1 TO SUBJECT1 TO /R5G!N & P]PETUATE ITSELF4 ,IT IS HI< TIME ! WORK]S LE>N ?AT ONLY !IR [N ORGANIZ$1 CREATIVE EF=TS1 FREE FROM ,POLITICAL & ,/ATE 9T]F]5CE1 CAN MAKE !IR AGE-LONG /RUGGLE = EMANCIPATION A LA/+ SUCCESS4 ,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,APRIL #c1 #aibb 3 ,! ,RUSSIAN ,TRAG$Y -- ,PUBLICATION4 ,FEBRU>Y #c1 #bag 3 ,! ,RUSSIAN ,TRAG$Y -- ,ADD$4 ,DECEMB] #c1 #bba 3 ,! ,RUSSIAN ,TRAG$Y -- ,UPDAT$4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/